SN 22 · 1. 蕴相应
1蕴品
Khandhavaggo
21. 蕴相应
1. Khandhasaṃyuttaṃ
3如是我闻:一时,具寿马哈迦旃延住在阿宛堤国的古拉拉宅悬崖山。那时,居士哈里达咖尼去见具寿马哈迦旃延;去到后,礼敬具寿马哈迦旃延,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的居士哈里达咖尼对具寿马哈迦旃延如此说:「尊者,世尊在《帝释天所问》中如此说:『凡那些由爱灭解脱的沙门婆罗门,他们达至究竟的终点、究竟的安稳、究竟的梵行、究竟的终极,是天与人中最上者。』尊者,世尊此简略所说应如何详细见其义?」「居士,对色界的欲、贪、喜、渴爱、执着、取、心的住处、固执、随眠——这些被如来断尽,根被断除,如被截断的多罗树顶,不存在,于未来不生。对受界……想界……行界……识界的欲、贪、喜、渴爱、执着、取、心的住处、固执、随眠——这些被如来断尽,根被断除,如被截断的多罗树顶,不存在,于未来不生。居士,就是这样,世尊在《帝释天所问》中所说:『凡那些由爱灭解脱的沙门婆罗门,他们达至究竟的终点、究竟的安稳、究竟的梵行、究竟的终极,是天与人中最上者』——居士,这就是那世尊简略所说应详细见其义的方式。」
1. Nakulapituvaggo
41. 那古喇父经
1. Nakulapitusuttaṃ
1我如是听闻:一时,世尊住在跋耆国苏苏马拉吉拉山,毗萨卡拉林鹿野苑。那时,那古喇父居士前往世尊处。抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那古喇父居士对世尊如是说——
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Atha kho nakulapitā gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
6“尊者,我老了,年纪大,已经衰老,到了暮年,身体多病,经常生病。而且,尊者,我不常见到世尊和那些令人敬重的比丘们。请世尊教导我,请世尊教诫我,这会在长时间里为我带来利益和安乐。”
‘‘Ahamasmi , bhante, jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto āturakāyo abhikkhaṇātaṅko. Aniccadassāvī kho panāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato manobhāvanīyānañca bhikkhūnaṃ. Ovadatu maṃ, bhante, bhagavā; anusāsatu maṃ, bhante, bhagavā; yaṃ mamassa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
7“居士,正是这样!居士,正是这样!居士,这个身体是病态的,如同被包裹的卵。居士,如果有人照顾这个身体,却宣称有片刻的健康,那除了愚痴还有什么呢?因此,居士,你应该这样学:‘当我的身体有病时,我的心将不会跟着生病。’居士,你就应当这样学。”
‘‘Evametaṃ, gahapati, evametaṃ, gahapati! Āturo hāyaṃ, gahapati, kāyo aṇḍabhūto pariyonaddho. Yo hi, gahapati, imaṃ kāyaṃ pariharanto muhuttampi ārogyaṃ paṭijāneyya, kimaññatra bālyā? Tasmātiha te, gahapati, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘āturakāyassa me sato cittaṃ anāturaṃ bhavissatī’ti. Evañhi te, gahapati, sikkhitabba’’nti.
8那时,那拘罗父居士对世尊的教说感到欢喜、随喜后,从座位起身,向世尊顶礼,右绕之后,前往尊者舍利弗那里。到了之后,向尊者舍利弗顶礼,坐在一边。尊者舍利弗对坐在一边的那拘罗父居士这样说:“居士,你的诸根清净,面容清净、明亮。今天你在世尊面前听到了法谈了吗?”
Atha kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho nakulapitaraṃ gahapatiṃ āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca – ‘‘vippasannāni kho te, gahapati, indriyāni; parisuddho mukhavaṇṇo pariyodāto. Alattha no ajja bhagavato sammukhā dhammiṃ kathaṃ savanāyā’’ti?
9“尊者,怎么会没有呢!尊者,我今天被世尊的法谈甘露所灌顶了。” “居士,你是怎样被世尊的法谈甘露所灌顶的呢?” “尊者,我去世尊那里,到了之后,向世尊顶礼,坐在一边。坐在一边的我,尊者,对世尊这样说:‘尊者,我老了,年纪大,已经衰老,到了暮年,身体多病,经常生病。而且,尊者,我不常见到世尊和那些令人敬重的比丘们。请世尊教导我,请世尊教诫我,这会在长时间里为我带来利益和安乐。’”
‘‘Kathañhi no siyā, bhante! Idānāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya amatena abhisitto’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, gahapati, bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya amatena abhisitto’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘ahamasmi, bhante, jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto āturakāyo abhikkhaṇātaṅko. Aniccadassāvī kho panāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato manobhāvanīyānañca bhikkhūnaṃ. Ovadatu maṃ, bhante, bhagavā; anusāsatu maṃ, bhante, bhagavā; yaṃ mamassa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’’ti.
10「尊者,刚才我得到世尊以甘露之法语灌注。」「居士,世尊以什么甘露之法语灌注你?」「尊者,我去见世尊……(重述以上经文)……世尊对我如此说:『居士,就是这样,居士,就是这样!此身有病、如卵般娇弱;抬此身而自称有刹那的健康者,除了愚痴之外还有什么?因此,居士,你应如此学:虽身有病,但我的心不应有病。居士,你应如此学。』尊者,我就是这样得到世尊以甘露之法语灌注。」
‘‘Evaṃ vutte , maṃ, bhante, bhagavā etadavoca – ‘evametaṃ, gahapati, evametaṃ, gahapati! Āturo hāyaṃ, gahapati, kāyo aṇḍabhūto pariyonaddho. Yo hi, gahapati, imaṃ kāyaṃ pariharanto muhuttampi ārogyaṃ paṭijāneyya, kimaññatra bālyā? Tasmātiha te gahapati, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – āturakāyassa me sato cittaṃ anāturaṃ bhavissatīti. Evañhi te, gahapati, sikkhitabba’nti. Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya amatena abhisitto’’ti.
11“可是,居士,你有没有趁机再问一下世尊:‘尊者,什么样的情况是身体有病、心也有病?什么样的情况又是身体虽然有病、但心没有病呢?’” “尊者,就算路程再远,我们也会赶来舍利弗尊者您的身边,就是为了了解这番话的意思。实在是好,就请舍利弗尊者亲自开示这番话的义理吧。”
‘‘Na hi pana taṃ, gahapati, paṭibhāsi bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ paṭipucchituṃ – ‘kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, āturakāyo ceva hoti āturacitto ca, kittāvatā ca pana āturakāyo hi kho hoti no ca āturacitto’’’ti ? ‘‘Dūratopi kho mayaṃ, bhante, āgaccheyyāma āyasmato sāriputtassa santike etassa bhāsitassa atthamaññātuṃ. Sādhu vatāyasmantaṃyeva sāriputtaṃ paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho’’ti.
12“既然如此,居士,你听好,要用心思惟,我要说了。”“好的,尊者。”那拘罗父居士回答舍利弗尊者。接着,舍利弗尊者这样说道:
‘‘Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho nakulapitā gahapati āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosi. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
13“居士,什么是身体有病、心也有病呢?居士,这里,一个没有听过法的普通人,他没见过圣者,不懂圣者之法,没有在圣者之法中受过调教;没见过善士,不懂善士之法,没有在善士之法中受过调教。他把色看成是‘我’,或者认为‘我’拥有色,或者认为色在‘我’中,或者认为‘我’在色中,被‘我是色,色是我的’这种想法牢牢控制着。对于这个被‘我是色,色是我的’想法牢牢控制的人,当那个色变化、变样的时候,他就会被忧愁、哀伤、痛苦、忧伤、绝望所淹没。”
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, āturakāyo ceva hoti, āturacitto ca? Idha, gahapati, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ rūpaṃ, mama rūpa’nti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ rūpaṃ, mama rūpa’nti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
14“他把受看成是‘我’,或者认为‘我’拥有受,或者认为受在‘我’中,或者认为‘我’在受中,被‘我是受,受是我的’这种想法牢牢控制着。对于这个被‘我是受,受是我的’想法牢牢控制的人,当那个受变化、变样的时候,他就会被忧愁、哀伤、痛苦、忧伤、绝望所淹没。”
‘‘Vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, vedanāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā vedanaṃ, vedanāya vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ vedanā, mama vedanā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ vedanā, mama vedanā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, sā vedanā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
15“他把想看成是‘我’,或者认为‘我’拥有想,或者认为想在‘我’中,或者认为‘我’在想中,被‘我是想,想是我的’这种想法牢牢控制着。对于这个被‘我是想,想是我的’想法牢牢控制的人,当那个想变化、变样的时候,他就会被忧愁、哀伤、痛苦、忧伤、绝望所淹没。”
‘‘Saññaṃ attato samanupassati, saññāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā saññaṃ, saññāya vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ saññā, mama saññā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ saññā, mama saññā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, sā saññā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa saññāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
16他随观诸行为我,或我有诸行,或诸行在我中,或我在诸行中。他执为『我是诸行,诸行是我』;执为『我是诸行,诸行是我』时,那些诸行变易他也变易;以那些诸行的变异与变易,他生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。
‘‘Saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, saṅkhāravantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā saṅkhāre, saṅkhāresu vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ saṅkhārā, mama saṅkhārā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ saṅkhārā, mama saṅkhārā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, te saṅkhārā vipariṇamanti aññathā honti. Tassa saṅkhāravipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
17他把识看作是自我,或者把自我看成是拥有识的,或者在自我中看到识,或者在识中看到自我。他被'我是识,识是我的'这种想法缠缚而住。对于这样一个被'我是识,识是我的'想法缠缚而住的人,当那个识变化、变易时,他就会生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。居士啊,像这样,就是身体有病,心也有病。
‘‘Viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ viññāṇaṃ, mama viññāṇa’nti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ viññāṇaṃ, mama viññāṇa’nti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, āturakāyo ceva hoti āturacitto ca.
18居士啊,那么,怎样是身体有病,但心没有病呢?居士啊,在这里,有听闻的圣弟子,见过圣者,熟练圣法,在圣法中受到良好训练;见过善士,熟练善士法,在善士法中受到良好训练。他不把色看作是自我,不把自我看成是拥有色的,不在自我中看到色,不在色中看到自我。他不被'我是色,色是我的'这种想法缠缚而住。对于这样一个不被'我是色,色是我的'想法缠缚而住的人,当那个色变化、变易时,他不会生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, āturakāyo hi kho hoti no ca āturacitto? Idha, gahapati, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ rūpaṃ, mama rūpa’nti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ rūpaṃ, mama rūpa’nti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
19他不把受看作是自我,不把自我看成是拥有受的,不在自我中看到受,不在受中看到自我。他不被'我是受,受是我的'这种想法缠缚而住。对于这样一个不被'我是受,受是我的'想法缠缚而住的人,当那个受变化、变易时,他不会生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。
‘‘Na vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, na vedanāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā vedanaṃ, na vedanāya vā attānaṃ . ‘Ahaṃ vedanā, mama vedanā’ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ vedanā, mama vedanā’ti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, sā vedanā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
20他不把想看作是自我,不把自我看成是拥有想的,不在自我中看到想,不在想中看到自我。他不被'我是想,想是我的'这种想法缠缚而住。对于这样一个不被'我是想,想是我的'想法缠缚而住的人,当那个想变化、变易时,他不会生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。
‘‘Na saññaṃ attato samanupassati, na saññāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā saññaṃ, na saññāya vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ saññā, mama saññā’ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ saññā, mama saññā’ti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, sā saññā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa saññāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
21他不随观诸行为我,或我有诸行,或诸行在我中,或我在诸行中。他不执为『我是诸行,诸行是我』;不执为『我是诸行,诸行是我』时,那些诸行变易、变异;以那些诸行的变异与变易,他不生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。
``Na saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, na saṅkhāravantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā saṅkhāre, na saṅkhāresu vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ saṅkhārā, mama saṅkhārā’ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ saṅkhārā, mama saṅkhārā’ti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, te saṅkhārā vipariṇamanti aññathā honti. Tassa saṅkhāravipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
22他不把识看作是我,也不把我看作是拥有识的,不把识看作在我之中,也不把我看作在识之中。他的心不会被‘我是识,识是我的’这样的想法占据。对于这个不被‘我是识,识是我的’想法占据的人来说,当他的识变化、变易时,他不会因此而生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。居士,就是这样,身体可以是有病的,但心却不是有病的。
‘‘Na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. ‘Ahaṃ viññāṇaṃ, mama viññāṇa’nti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṃ viññāṇaṃ, mama viññāṇa’nti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti . Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, āturakāyo hoti no ca āturacitto’’ti.
23这是舍利弗尊者所说。那拘罗父居士对舍利弗尊者的话感到满意且欢喜。第一段。
Idamavoca āyasmā sāriputto. Attamano nakulapitā gahapati āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti. Paṭhamaṃ.
242. 迭瓦达哈经
2. Devadahasuttaṃ
252. 迭瓦达哈经
2. Devadahasuttaṃ
2如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在释迦族中,一个名叫迭瓦达哈的释迦人小镇。那时,有许多准备前往西方国土的比丘,去到世尊那里。到了之后,向世尊行礼问讯,然后坐在一边。坐在一边后,那些比丘对世尊这样说:‘尊师,我们想要前往西方国土,想在西方国土那里安住下来。’
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati devadahaṃ nāma sakyānaṃ nigamo. Atha kho sambahulā pacchābhūmagamikā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘icchāma mayaṃ, bhante, pacchābhūmaṃ janapadaṃ gantuṃ, pacchābhūme janapade nivāsaṃ kappetu’’nti.
27‘比丘们,你们向舍利弗告别过了吗?’‘尊师,我们还没有向舍利弗尊者告别。’‘比丘们,去向舍利弗告别吧。比丘们,舍利弗是有智慧的人,是诸同梵行比丘的助道者。’‘是的,尊师。’那些比丘回应世尊说。
‘‘Apalokito pana vo, bhikkhave, sāriputto’’ti? ‘‘Na kho no, bhante, apalokito āyasmā sāriputto’’ti. ‘‘Apaloketha, bhikkhave, sāriputtaṃ. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, paṇḍito, bhikkhūnaṃ anuggāhako sabrahmacārīna’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ.
28那时,舍利弗尊者就在离世尊不远的一处杨兰草灌木丛中坐着。当时,那些比丘对世尊的教说感到欢喜、随喜后,从座起身,向世尊行礼,右绕之后,就去到舍利弗尊者那里。到了之后,和舍利弗尊者互相问候致意。在进行了亲切友好的寒暄交谈后,他们坐在一边。坐在一边后,那些比丘对舍利弗尊者这样说:‘舍利弗学友,我们想要前往西方国土,想在西方国土那里安住下来。我们已经向老师告别过了。’
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato avidūre aññatarasmiṃ eḷagalāgumbe nisinno hoti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘icchāma mayaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, pacchābhūmaṃ janapadaṃ gantuṃ, pacchābhūme janapade nivāsaṃ kappetuṃ. Apalokito no satthā’’ti.
29「贤友们,有许多不同种族的刹帝利智者、婆罗门智者、居士智者、沙门智者向比丘们发问。贤友们,聪明人考察比丘:『具寿的大师说什么、教授什么?』在你们那里,诸法是善学、善作意、善摄持、以慧善洞见的吗?能令具寿们在回答时说大师所说,而不以非事诽谤世尊,法与随法地解释,不致受到同法者的合理责难吗?」
‘‘Santi hāvuso, nānāverajjagataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ pucchitāro – khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṃsakā – ‘kiṃvādī panāyasmantānaṃ satthā kimakkhāyīti, kacci vo āyasmantānaṃ dhammā sussutā suggahitā sumanasikatā sūpadhāritā suppaṭividdhā paññāya, yathā byākaramānā āyasmanto vuttavādino ceva bhagavato assatha, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyātha, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyātha, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’’ti?
30「贤友,即使我们从远方前来,只为从具寿舍利弗的面前了知此言的含义,也是好的。愿具寿舍利弗为我们显示此言的含义。」「那么,贤友们,请听,善加作意,我要说了。」「是,贤友。」那些比丘回答具寿舍利弗。具寿舍利弗如此说:
‘‘Dūratopi kho mayaṃ, āvuso, āgaccheyyāma āyasmato sāriputtassa santike etassa bhāsitassa atthamaññātuṃ. Sādhu vatāyasmantaṃyeva sāriputtaṃ paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho’’ti. ‘‘Tena hāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
31「贤友们,有许多不同种族的刹帝利智者……向比丘们发问:『具寿的大师说什么、教授什么?』贤友们,被如此问时你们应如此回答:『贤友们,我们的大师教说欲的调伏。』
‘‘Santi hāvuso, nānāverajjagataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ pucchitāro – khattiyapaṇḍitāpi …pe… samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṃsakā – ‘kiṃvādī panāyasmantānaṃ satthā kimakkhāyī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, āvuso, evaṃ byākareyyātha – ‘chandarāgavinayakkhāyī kho no, āvuso, satthā’’’ti.
32贤友们,被如此回答时聪明人又会进一步问:『具寿的大师对于什么教说欲的调伏?』贤友们,被如此问时你们应如此回答:『贤友们,大师对色教说欲的调伏;对受、想、诸行、识,大师教说欲的调伏。』
‘‘Evaṃ byākatepi kho, āvuso, assuyeva uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchitāro – khattiyapaṇḍitāpi…pe… samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṃsakā – ‘kismiṃ panāyasmantānaṃ chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, āvuso, evaṃ byākareyyātha – ‘rūpe kho, āvuso, chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’’’ti.
33贤友们,被如此回答时聪明人又会进一步问:『见何过患而具寿的大师对色教说欲的调伏?对受、想、诸行、识教说欲的调伏?』贤友们,被如此问时你们应如此回答:『贤友们,对色未离贪、未离欲、未离爱、未离渴、未离烧恼、未离渴爱者,那色变易与变异时,他生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。对受……想……诸行……识未离贪……未离渴爱者,那识变易与变异时,他生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。贤友们,见此过患而我们的大师对色教说欲的调伏;对受、想、诸行、识教说欲的调伏。』
‘‘Evaṃ byākatepi kho, āvuso, assuyeva uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchitāro – khattiyapaṇḍitāpi…pe… samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṃsakā – ‘kiṃ panāyasmantānaṃ ādīnavaṃ disvā rūpe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, āvuso, evaṃ byākareyyātha – ‘rūpe kho, āvuso , avigatarāgassa avigatachandassa avigatapemassa avigatapipāsassa avigatapariḷāhassa avigatataṇhassa tassa rūpassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu avigatarāgassa…pe… avigatataṇhassa tesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Viññāṇe avigatarāgassa avigatachandassa avigatapemassa avigatapipāsassa avigatapariḷāhassa avigatataṇhassa tassa viññāṇassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Idaṃ kho no, āvuso, ādīnavaṃ disvā rūpe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’’’ti.
34贤友们,被如此回答时聪明人又会进一步问:『见何利益而具寿的大师对色教说欲的调伏?对受、想、诸行、识教说欲的调伏?』贤友们,被如此问时你们应如此回答:『贤友们,对色已离贪、已离欲、已离爱、已离渴、已离烧恼、已离渴爱者,那色变易与变异时,他不生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。对受……想……诸行……识已离贪……已离渴爱者,那识变易与变异时,他不生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。贤友们,见此利益而我们的大师对色教说欲的调伏;对受、想、诸行、识教说欲的调伏。』
‘‘Evaṃ byākatepi kho, āvuso, assuyeva uttariṃ pañhaṃ pucchitāro – khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṃsakā – ‘kiṃ panāyasmantānaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ disvā rūpe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe , āvuso, evaṃ byākareyyātha – ‘rūpe kho, āvuso, vigatarāgassa vigatachandassa vigatapemassa vigatapipāsassa vigatapariḷāhassa vigatataṇhassa tassa rūpassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu vigatarāgassa vigatachandassa vigatapemassa vigatapipāsassa vigatapariḷāhassa vigatataṇhassa tesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Viññāṇe vigatarāgassa vigatachandassa vigatapemassa vigatapipāsassa vigatapariḷāhassa vigatataṇhassa tassa viññāṇassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Idaṃ kho no, āvuso, ānisaṃsaṃ disvā rūpe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’’’ti.
35贤友们,若进入、成就不善法者能在当下得乐住、无烦、无忧、无热恼,身坏死后可期待善趣,那世尊就不会称赞不善法的舍断。但因进入、成就不善法者在当下得苦住、有烦、有忧、有热恼,身坏死后可期待恶趣,所以世尊称赞不善法的舍断。
‘‘Akusale cāvuso, dhamme upasampajja viharato diṭṭhe ceva dhamme sukho vihāro abhavissa avighāto anupāyāso apariḷāho, kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā, nayidaṃ bhagavā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānaṃ vaṇṇeyya. Yasmā ca kho, āvuso, akusale dhamme upasampajja viharato diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkho vihāro savighāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho, kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā, tasmā bhagavā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānaṃ vaṇṇeti.
36贤友们,若进入、成就善法者能在当下得苦住、有烦、有忧、有热恼,身坏死后可期待恶趣,那世尊就不会称赞善法的进入。但因进入、成就善法者在当下得乐住、无烦、无忧、无热恼,身坏死后可期待善趣,所以世尊称赞善法的进入。」
‘‘Kusale cāvuso, dhamme upasampajja viharato diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkho vihāro abhavissa savighāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho, kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā, nayidaṃ bhagavā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadaṃ vaṇṇeyya. Yasmā ca kho, āvuso, kusale dhamme upasampajja viharato diṭṭhe ceva dhamme sukho vihāro avighāto anupāyāso apariḷāho, kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā, tasmā bhagavā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadaṃ vaṇṇetī’’ti.
37这是舍利弗尊者所说。那些比丘对舍利弗尊者的话感到满意,并且欢喜信受。第二。
Idamavocāyasmā sāriputto. Attamanā te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Dutiyaṃ.
383. 哈利地咖尼经
3. Hāliddikānisuttaṃ
3在舍卫城因缘。「比丘们,对依法随法而行道的比丘,此为随法:对色应多住厌离;对受应多住厌离;对想应多住厌离;对诸行应多住厌离;对识应多住厌离。凡对色多住厌离……对识多住厌离者,他遍知色……遍知识;遍知色……遍知识者从色中解脱,从受中解脱,从想中解脱,从诸行中解脱,从识中解脱,从生、老死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼中解脱——我说『他从苦中解脱』。」
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākaccāno avantīsu viharati kuraraghare papāte pabbate. Atha kho hāliddikāni gahapati yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho hāliddikāni gahapati āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘vuttamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā aṭṭhakavaggiye māgaṇḍiyapañhe –
40舍去了家宅,无处不游方;
‘‘Okaṃ pahāya aniketasārī,
41在村落中,牟尼不与人们亲近交好,
Gāme akubbaṃ muni santhavāni ;
42对欲乐离欲,不存期盼,
Kāmehi ritto apurakkharāno ,
43要怎样做才不与人起争论呢?
Kathaṃ na viggayha janena kayirā’’ti.
44大德,对于世尊这简略的说法,应该怎样从详细方面来理解它的义理呢?
‘‘Imassa nu kho, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti?
45居士,色界是识的居所。识被对色界的贪欲所系缚,就称为‘有居所而行者’。居士,受界是识的居所。识被对受界的贪欲所系缚,就称为‘有居所而行者’。居士,想界是识的居所。识被对想界的贪欲所系缚,就称为‘有居所而行者’。居士,行界是识的居所。识被对行界的贪欲所系缚,就称为‘有居所而行者’。居士,这就是有居所而行者的情形。
‘‘Rūpadhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko. Rūpadhāturāgavinibandhañca pana viññāṇaṃ ‘okasārī’ti vuccati. Vedanādhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko. Vedanādhāturāgavinibandhañca pana viññāṇaṃ ‘okasārī’ti vuccati. Saññādhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko. Saññādhāturāgavinibandhañca pana viññāṇaṃ ‘okasārī’ti vuccati. Saṅkhāradhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko. Saṅkhāradhāturāgavinibandhañca pana viññāṇaṃ ‘okasārī’ti vuccati. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, okasārī hoti.
46居士,什么是无居所而行者呢?居士,对于色界,凡有的欲求、贪爱、欢喜、渴爱,以及那些亲近、执取、心的安住、固执和潜伏的烦恼,如来已经将其舍弃,根除,如同砍断根的多罗树,令其归于无有,未来不再生起。因此,如来被称为‘无居所而行者’。居士,对于受界……居士,对于想界……居士,对于行界……居士,对于识界,凡有的欲求、贪爱、欢喜、渴爱,以及那些亲近、执取、心的安住、固执和潜伏的烦恼,如来已经将其舍弃,根除,如同砍断根的多罗树,令其归于无有,未来不再生起。因此,如来被称为‘无居所而行者’。居士,这就是无居所而行者的情形。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, anokasārī hoti? Rūpadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā te tathāgatassa pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā tathāgato ‘anokasārī’ti vuccati. Vedanādhātuyā kho, gahapati… saññādhātuyā kho, gahapati… saṅkhāradhātuyā kho, gahapati… viññāṇadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā te tathāgatassa pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā tathāgato ‘anokasārī’ti vuccati. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, anokasārī hoti.
47居士,什么是有巢穴而行者呢?居士,被色相的住所、游荡与系缚所纠缠,就称为‘有巢穴而行者’。被声相……(中略)……被香相……被味相……被触相……被法相的住所、游荡与系缚所纠缠,居士,就称为‘有巢穴而行者’。居士,这就是有巢穴而行者的情形。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, niketasārī hoti? Rūpanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā kho, gahapati, ‘niketasārī’ti vuccati. Saddanimitta…pe… gandhanimitta… rasanimitta… phoṭṭhabbanimitta… dhammanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā kho, gahapati, ‘niketasārī’ti vuccati. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, niketasārī hoti.
48居士,什么是无巢穴而行者呢?居士,对于色相的住所、游荡与系缚,如来已经将其舍弃,根除,如同砍断根的多罗树,令其归于无有,未来不再生起。因此,如来被称为‘无巢穴而行者’。对于声相……香相……味相……触相……法相的住所、游荡与系缚,居士,如来已经将其舍弃,根除,如同砍断根的多罗树,令其归于无有,未来不再生起。因此,如来被称为‘无巢穴而行者’。居士,这就是无巢穴而行者的情形。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, aniketasārī hoti? Rūpanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā kho, gahapati, tathāgatassa pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā tathāgato ‘aniketasārī’ti vuccati. Saddanimitta… gandhanimitta… rasanimitta… phoṭṭhabbanimitta… dhammanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā kho, gahapati, tathāgatassa pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā tathāgato ‘aniketasārī’ti vuccati. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, aniketasārī hoti.
49居士,什么情况是‘在村落中产生了亲密’呢?居士,这里有某一类人,和在家众混在一起生活,一起开心、一起忧愁,别人快乐他就快乐,别人痛苦他就痛苦,遇到事情要处理时,他就自己投入其中。居士,这样就是‘在村落中产生了亲密’。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, gāme santhavajāto hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekacco gihīhi saṃsaṭṭho viharati sahanandī sahasokī, sukhitesu sukhito, dukkhitesu dukkhito, uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu attanā tesu yogaṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, gāme santhavajāto hoti.
50居士,什么情况是‘在村落中没有产生亲密’呢?居士,这里有比丘,不和在家众混在一起生活,不一起开心、不一起忧愁,别人快乐他不跟着快乐,别人痛苦他不跟着痛苦,遇到事情要处理时,他也不自己投入其中。居士,这样就是‘在村落中没有产生亲密’。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, gāme na santhavajāto hoti? Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu gihīhi asaṃsaṭṭho viharati na sahanandī na sahasokī na sukhitesu sukhito na dukkhitesu dukkhito, uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu na attanā tesu yogaṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, gāme na santhavajāto hoti.
51居士,什么情况是‘被欲乐黏住了’呢?居士,这里有某一类人,对欲乐的贪还没消除、意欲还没消除、爱恋还没消除、渴求还没消除、热恼还没消除、渴爱还没消除。居士,这样就是‘被欲乐黏住了’。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, kāmehi aritto hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekacco kāmesu avigatarāgo hoti avigatachando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, kāmehi aritto hoti.
52居士,什么情况是‘从欲乐中脱开了’呢?居士,这里有某一类人,对欲乐的贪已经消除、意欲已经消除、爱恋已经消除、渴求已经消除、热恼已经消除、渴爱已经消除。居士,这样就是‘从欲乐中脱开了’。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, kāmehi ritto hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekacco kāmesu vigatarāgo hoti vigatachando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho . Evaṃ kho, gahapati, kāmehi ritto hoti.
53居士,如何是有期待?居士,在此有某人这样想:『愿我未来如此色;愿我未来如此受;愿我未来如此想;愿我未来如此诸行;愿我未来如此识』——居士,如此是有期待。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, purakkharāno hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekaccassa evaṃ hoti – ‘evaṃrūpo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃvedano siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃsañño siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃsaṅkhāro siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃviññāṇo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhāna’nti. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, purakkharāno hoti.
54居士,如何是无期待?居士,在此有某人不这样想:『愿我未来如此色;愿我未来如此受;愿我未来如此想;愿我未来如此诸行;愿我未来如此识』——居士,如此是无期待。
‘‘Kathañca, gahapati, apurakkharāno hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekaccassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘evaṃrūpo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃvedano siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃsañño siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃsaṅkhāro siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃviññāṇo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhāna’nti. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, apurakkharāno hoti.
55居士,怎样算是和人争论呢?居士,这里有人会说出这样的话:'你不懂这个法和律;我懂这个法和律。你怎么会懂这个法和律呢?你是修错了路的人;我才是修对了路的人。应该先说的话,你放在后头说;应该后说的话,你放在前头说。我的说法前后一致;你的说法前后矛盾。你常持的主张被推翻了。你的论点给逮住了;去吧,想办法脱出这个论难吧。你被驳倒了——要是你有本事的话,就自己解套吧。'居士,这就叫做和人争论。
‘‘Kathañca , gahapati, kathaṃ viggayha janena kattā hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekacco evarūpiṃ kathaṃ kattā hoti – ‘na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi; ahaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāmi. Kiṃ tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānissasi? Micchāpaṭipanno tvamasi; ahamasmi sammāpaṭipanno. Pure vacanīyaṃ pacchā avaca; pacchā vacanīyaṃ pure avaca. Sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te. Adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvattaṃ. Āropito te vādo; cara vādappamokkhāya. Niggahitosi; nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī’ti. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, kathaṃ viggayha janena kattā hoti.
56居士,如何是与人不作争论?居士,在此有比丘不作此种语——『你不了知此法律……』——居士,如此是与人不作争论。
‘‘Kathañca , gahapati, kathaṃ na viggayha janena kattā hoti? Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu na evarūpiṃ kathaṃ kattā hoti – ‘na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi…pe… nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī’ti. Evaṃ kho, gahapati, kathaṃ na viggayha janena kattā hoti.
57居士,所以世尊在《八品》的《玛甘地亚问》中这样说——
‘‘Iti kho, gahapati, yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā aṭṭhakavaggiye māgaṇḍiyapañhe –
58「舍弃住处,无家而行,
‘‘Okaṃ pahāya aniketasārī,
59在村落之中,不与民交往;
Gāme akubbaṃ munisanthavāni;
60于欲已远离,心中无期望;
Kāmehi ritto apurakkharāno,
61如何不与人争论而行呢?」
Kathaṃ na viggayha janena kayirā’’ti.
62居士啊,这就是世尊简略说的义的详细理解方式。第三。
‘‘Imassa kho, gahapati, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
634. 第二哈利地咖尼经
4. Dutiyahāliddikānisuttaṃ
4如是我闻:一时,具寿玛哈迦旃延住在阿宛堤的咕拉拉嘎拉,在悬崖山。那时,哈利地咖尼居士前往具寿玛哈迦旃延处……坐于一旁的哈利地咖尼居士对具寿玛哈迦旃延这样说:『尊者,世尊在帝释问中说:「凡那些以渴爱灭尽而解脱的沙门婆罗门,他们是究竟终结者、究竟安稳者、究竟梵行者、究竟终极者,是天人中的最胜者。」』
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākaccāno avantīsu viharati kuraraghare papāte pabbate. Atha kho hāliddikāni gahapati yenāyasmā mahākaccāno…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho hāliddikāni gahapati āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘vuttamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā sakkapañhe – ‘ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā taṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttā, te accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemino accantabrahmacārino accantapariyosānā seṭṭhā devamanussāna’’’nti.
65「尊者,世尊在《帝释天所问》中如此说:『凡那些由爱灭解脱的沙门婆罗门,他们达至究竟的终点、究竟的安稳、究竟的梵行、究竟的终极,是天与人中最上者。』尊者,世尊此简略所说应如何详细见其义?」
‘‘Imassa nu kho, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti?
66居士啊,对于色界,凡是欲求、凡是贪染、凡是欢喜、凡是渴爱、凡是依着和取着、心的依止、固著和随眠,当这些被灭尽、离染、息灭、舍离、彻底地放下时,心就被称为善解脱。
‘‘Rūpadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā, tesaṃ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā cittaṃ suvimuttanti vuccati.
67居士啊,对于受界……对于想界……对于行界……对于识界,凡是欲求、凡是贪染、凡是欢喜、凡是渴爱、凡是依着和取着、心的依止、固著和随眠,当这些被灭尽、离染、息灭、舍离、彻底地放下时,心就被称为善解脱。
‘‘Vedanādhātuyā kho, gahapati… saññādhātuyā kho, gahapati… saṅkhāradhātuyā kho, gahapati… viññāṇadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā, tesaṃ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā cittaṃ suvimuttanti vuccati.
68居士,这就是世尊在《帝释问经》里所说的:'那些透过渴爱灭尽而解脱的沙门、婆罗门,他们已经达到了究竟的终点、究竟的安稳、究竟的梵行、究竟的圆满,是人天中最殊胜的。'
‘‘Iti kho, gahapati, yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā sakkapañhe – ‘ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā taṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttā te accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemino accantabrahmacārino accantapariyosānā seṭṭhā devamanussāna’’’nti.
69「居士,就是这样,世尊在《帝释天所问》中所说:『凡那些由爱灭解脱的沙门婆罗门,他们达至究竟的终点、究竟的安稳、究竟的梵行、究竟的终极,是天与人中最上者』——居士,这就是那世尊简略所说应详细见其义的方式。」
‘‘Imassa kho, gahapati, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
705. 定经
5. Samādhisuttaṃ
715. 定经
5. Samādhisuttaṃ
5舍卫城因缘。那时,具寿拉塔前去世尊之处,前去之后对世尊这样说:「尊者,如何知、如何见,于此有识之身及一切外相中,无有我见、我所见、慢随眠呢?」「拉塔,凡所有色,无论过去、未来、现在,内或外、粗或细、劣或胜、远或近,一切色应以正慧如实地观:『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。』凡所有受、想、诸行、识,亦应以正慧如实地观:『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。』拉塔,如此知、如此见,于此有识之身及一切外相中,便无我见、我所见、慢随眠。」
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘samādhiṃ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha; samāhito, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Kiñca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti? Rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, vedanāya samudayañca atthaṅgamañca , saññāya samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, saṅkhārānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca’’.
73'比丘们,什么是色的集起?什么是受的集起?什么是想的集起?什么是行的集起?什么是识的集起呢?比丘们,在这里,一位比丘以欢喜、欢迎、耽著的方式安住。'
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, rūpassa samudayo, ko vedanāya samudayo, ko saññāya samudayo, ko saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo, ko viññāṇassa samudayo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati.
74'他以欢喜、欢迎、耽著的方式安住于什么呢?他对于色,以欢喜、欢迎、耽著的方式安住。当他对于色以欢喜、欢迎、耽著的方式安住时,喜贪就生起了。对于色的那种喜贪,就是取。以取为条件而有有;以有为条件而有生;以生为条件,老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼就产生了。这样,就有了这整个苦蕴的集起。'
‘‘Kiñca abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati? Rūpaṃ abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa rūpaṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato uppajjati nandī. Yā rūpe nandī tadupādānaṃ. Tassupādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.
75'他对于受,以欢喜……(中略)……对于想,以欢喜……对于行,以欢喜……对于识,以欢喜、欢迎、耽著的方式安住。当他对于识以欢喜、欢迎、耽著的方式安住时,喜贪就生起了。对于识的那种喜贪,就是取。以取为条件而有有;以有为条件而有生;以生为条件……(中略)……这样,就有了这整个苦蕴的集起。'
‘‘Vedanaṃ abhinandati…pe… saññaṃ abhinandati… saṅkhāre abhinandati… viññāṇaṃ abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa viññāṇaṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato uppajjati nandī. Yā viññāṇe nandī tadupādānaṃ. Tassupādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.
76比丘们,这就是色的生起;这就是受的生起;这就是想的生起;这就是行的生起;这就是识的生起。
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpassa samudayo; ayaṃ vedanāya samudayo; ayaṃ saññāya samudayo; ayaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo; ayaṃ viññāṇassa samudayo.
77比丘们,什么是色的灭去,什么是受的……什么是想的……什么是行的……什么是识的灭去?
‘‘Ko ca, bhikkhave, rūpassa atthaṅgamo, ko vedanāya… ko saññāya… ko saṅkhārānaṃ… ko viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo?
78比丘们,在这里,他不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续地执取。
Idha, bhikkhave, nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati.
79他对于什么不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续地执取呢?他对于色不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续地执取。当他对于色不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续地执取时,在色上的那种欢喜就灭去了。由于欢喜的灭去,取就灭去了;由于取的灭去,有就灭去了……这样,这整个苦蕴就灭去了。
‘‘Kiñca nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati? Rūpaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa rūpaṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato yā rūpe nandī sā nirujjhati. Tassa nandīnirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.
80他对于受不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续地执取。当他对于受不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续地执取时,在受上的那种欢喜就灭去了。由于欢喜的灭去,取就灭去了;由于取的灭去,有就灭去了……这样,这整个苦蕴就灭去了。
‘‘Vedanaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa vedanaṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosā tiṭṭhato yā vedanāya nandī sā nirujjhati. Tassa nandīnirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.
81他对于想不欢喜……他对于行不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续地执取。当他对于行不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续地执取时,在行上的那种欢喜就灭去了。由于欢喜的灭去,取就灭去了;由于取的灭去,有就灭去了……这样,这整个苦蕴就灭去了。
‘‘Saññaṃ nābhinandati…pe… saṅkhāre nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa saṅkhāre anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato yā saṅkhāresu nandī sā nirujjhati. Tassa nandīnirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.
82他不欢喜识、不欢迎识、不固持识地安住。当他不再欢喜识、不再欢迎识、不再固持识地安住时,对于识的喜爱就灭尽了。由于喜爱灭尽,他的执取就灭尽了……这样,这整个苦蕴就会灭尽。
‘‘Viññāṇaṃ nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa viññāṇaṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato yā viññāṇe nandī sā nirujjhati. Tassa nandīnirodhā upādānanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.
83比丘们,这就是色的消逝,这就是受的消逝,这就是想的消逝,这就是行的消逝,这就是识的消逝。第五经。
‘‘Ayaṃ , bhikkhave, rūpassa atthaṅgamo, ayaṃ vedanāya atthaṅgamo, ayaṃ saññāya atthaṅgamo, ayaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo, ayaṃ viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
846. 独坐经
6. Paṭisallāṇasuttaṃ
6在沙瓦提城。“比丘们,要致力于独处禅修。比丘们,一位独处的比丘会如实地了知。他如实地了知什么呢?他如实地了知色的生起和消逝,受的生起和消逝,想的生起和消逝,行的生起和消逝,识的生起和消逝。”……(应如第一经那样详细展开。)第六经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Paṭisallāṇe, bhikkhave, yogamāpajjatha. Paṭisallīṇo, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Kiñca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti? Rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, vedanāya samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, saññāya samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, saṅkhārānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca’’…pe… (yathā paṭhamasutte tathā vitthāretabbo.) Chaṭṭhaṃ.
867. 取恐惧经
7. Upādāparitassanāsuttaṃ
7在沙瓦提城。“比丘们,我将教导你们有执取的恐惧和无执取的无恐惧。你们要听,要好好用心思惟,我要说了。”“是的,尊者。”那些比丘回答世尊。世尊这样说道:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Upādāparitassanañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi anupādāaparitassanañca. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ , bhante’’ti, kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
88“比丘们,怎样是有执取的恐惧呢?比丘们,这里,一个没有听闻过圣者教导的普通人,没见过圣者,对圣者之法不熟悉,没有在圣者之法中受到训练;没见过善人,对善人之法不熟悉,没有在善人之法中受到训练。他将色看作是我,或我拥有色,或色在我中,或我在色中。他的那个色发生变化、成为别样。由于色的变化和变样,他的心识被色的变化所牵引。由于心识被色的变化所牵引,由色的变化而生起的恐惧法生起,盘踞并占据他的心。由于心被占据,他就产生害怕、困惑和牵挂,并因执取而恐惧。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, upādāparitassanā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā rūpavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmānuparivattijā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso pariyādānā uttāsavā ca hoti vighātavā ca apekkhavā ca upādāya ca paritassati.
89他随观受为我,或我有受,或受在我中,或我在受中。那受变易、变异他也变异;以那受的变易、变异,识随着受的变易而转起。以从受变易而生的诸颤栗之法,他内心已占据而住;因心已被占据,他惊慌、困恼、忧虑,执取而颤栗。
‘‘Vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, vedanāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā vedanaṃ, vedanāya vā attānaṃ. Tassa sā vedanā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā vedanāvipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmānuparivattijā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso pariyādānā uttāsavā ca hoti vighātavā ca apekkhavā ca upādāya ca paritassati.
90他随观想为我……(中略)……他随观诸行为我,或我有诸行,或诸行在我中,或我在诸行中。那些诸行变易、变异他也变异;以那些诸行的变易、变异,识随着诸行的变易而转起。以从诸行变易而生的诸颤栗之法,他内心已占据而住;因心已被占据,他惊慌、困恼、忧虑,执取而颤栗。
‘‘Saññaṃ attato samanupassati…pe… saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, saṅkhāravantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā saṅkhāre, saṅkhāresu vā attānaṃ. Tassa te saṅkhārā vipariṇamanti aññathā honti. Tassa saṅkhāravipariṇāmaññathābhāvā saṅkhāravipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa saṅkhāravipariṇāmānuparivattijā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso pariyādānā uttāsavā ca hoti vighātavā ca apekkhavā ca upādāya ca paritassati.
91他随观识为我,或我有识,或识在我中,或我在识中。那识变易、变异;以那识的变易、变异,识随着识的变易而转起。以从识变易而生的诸颤栗之法,他内心已占据而住;因心已被占据,他惊慌、困恼、忧虑,执取而颤栗。比丘们,如此是执取而颤栗。
‘‘Viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivattijā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso pariyādānā uttāsavā ca hoti vighātavā ca apekkhavā ca upādāya ca paritassati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, upādāparitassanā hoti.
92“比丘们,怎样是不执取时就没有恐惧呢? 比丘们,这里,已受教导的圣弟子把色看作是:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我。’他的那个色变化、变样。由于色变化变样,他不生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。把受看作是:‘这不是我的……’把想看作是:‘这不是我的……’把行看作是:‘这不是我的……’把识看作是:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我。’他的那个识变化、变样。由于识变化变样,他不生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。比丘们,这就是不执取时就没有恐惧。”第八经。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, anupādāaparitassanā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto, sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā na rūpavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa na rūpavipariṇāmānuparivattijā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso apariyādānā na cevuttāsavā hoti na ca vighātavā na ca apekkhavā, anupādāya ca na paritassati.
93他不随观受为我,或我有受,或受在我中,或我在受中。那受变易、变异;以那受的变易、变异,识不随着受的变易而转起。以从受变易而生的诸颤栗之法,他内心未占据而住;因心未被占据,他不惊慌、不困恼、不忧虑,不执取而不颤栗。
‘‘Na vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, na vedanāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā vedanaṃ, na vedanāya vā attānaṃ. Tassa sā vedanā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti . Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā na vedanāvipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa na vedanāvipariṇāmānuparivattijā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti . Cetaso apariyādānā na cevuttāsavā hoti na ca vighātavā na ca apekkhavā, anupādāya ca na paritassati.
94他不随观想……(中略)……他不随观诸行为我,或我有诸行,或诸行在我中,或我在诸行中。那些诸行变易、变异;以那些诸行的变易、变异,识不随着诸行的变易而转起。以从诸行变易而生的诸颤栗之法,他内心未占据而住;因心未被占据,他不惊慌、不困恼、不忧虑,不执取而不颤栗。
‘‘Na saññaṃ…pe… na saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, na saṅkhāravantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā saṅkhāre, na saṅkhāresu vā attānaṃ. Tassa te saṅkhārā vipariṇamanti aññathā honti. Tassa saṅkhāravipariṇāmaññathābhāvā na saṅkhāravipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa na saṅkhāravipariṇāmānuparivattijā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso apariyādānā na cevuttāsavā hoti na ca vighātavā na ca apekkhavā, anupādāya ca na paritassati.
95他不随观识为我,或我有识,或识在我中,或我在识中。那识变易、变异;以那识的变易、变异,识不随着识的变易而转起。以从识变易而生的诸颤栗之法,他内心未占据而住;因心未被占据,他不惊慌、不困恼、不忧虑,不执取而不颤栗。比丘们,如此是不执取而不颤栗。」
‘‘Na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ…pe… tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā na viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti. Tassa na viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivattijā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Cetaso apariyādānā na cevuttāsavā hoti na ca vighātavā na ca apekkhavā, anupādāya ca na paritassati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, anupādā aparitassanaṃ hotī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
968. 第二取恐惧经
8. Dutiyaupādāparitassanāsuttaṃ
8“比丘们,我将教导你们执取时的恐惧和不执取时就没有恐惧。你们仔细听……比丘们,怎样是执取时的恐惧呢? 比丘们,这里,未受教导的普通人把色看作是:‘这是我的,这是我,这是我的我。’他的那个色变化、变样。由于色变化变样,他便生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。把受看作是:‘这是我的……’把想看作是:‘这是我的……’把行看作是:‘这是我的……’把识看作是:‘这是我的,这是我,这是我的我。’他的那个识变化、变样。由于识变化变样,他便生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。比丘们,这就是执取时的恐惧。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Upādāparitassanañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi anupādāaparitassanañca. Taṃ suṇātha…pe… kathañca, bhikkhave, upādāparitassanā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano rūpaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Vedanaṃ etaṃ mama…pe… saññaṃ etaṃ mama… saṅkhāre etaṃ mama… viññāṇaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati. Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, upādāparitassanā hoti.
98比丘们,如何是不执取而不颤栗?比丘们,在此,多闻的圣弟子随观色为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我』。那色变易、变异;以那色的变易、变异,他不生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。他随观受……想……诸行……识为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我』。那识变易、变异;以那识的变易、变异,他不生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。比丘们,如此是不执取而不颤栗。」
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, anupādāaparitassanā hoti? Idha , bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Vedanaṃ netaṃ mama… saññaṃ netaṃ mama… saṅkhāre netaṃ mama… viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassati. Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā . Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, anupādāaparitassanā hotī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
999. 三时无常经
9. Kālattayaaniccasuttaṃ
9“比丘们,过去、未来的色是无常的,更不用说现在的了!比丘们,这样看待的已受教导的圣弟子,对过去的色不挂念;不欣喜未来的色;为了对现在的色厌离、离欲、灭尽而修行。受是无常的……想是无常的……过去、未来的行是无常的,更不用说现在的了!比丘们,这样看待的已受教导的圣弟子,对过去的行不挂念;不欣喜未来的行;为了对现在的行厌离、离欲、灭尽而修行。过去、未来的识是无常的,更不用说现在的了!比丘们,这样看待的已受教导的圣弟子,对过去的识不挂念;不欣喜未来的识;为了对现在的识厌离、离欲、灭尽而修行。”第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ atītānāgataṃ; ko pana vādo paccuppannassa! Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītasmiṃ rūpasmiṃ anapekkho hoti; anāgataṃ rūpaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannassa rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Vedanā aniccā…pe… saññā aniccā… saṅkhārā aniccā atītānāgatā; ko pana vādo paccuppannānaṃ! Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītesu saṅkhāresu anapekkho hoti; anāgate saṅkhāre nābhinandati; paccuppannānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ atītānāgataṃ; ko pana vādo paccuppannassa! Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītasmiṃ viññāṇasmiṃ anapekkho hoti; anāgataṃ viññāṇaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannassa viññāṇassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hotī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
10110. 三时苦经
10. Kālattayadukkhasuttaṃ
10“比丘们,过去、未来的色是苦的,更不用说现在的了!比丘们,这样看待的已受教导的圣弟子,对过去的色不挂念;不欣喜未来的色;为了对现在的色厌离、离欲、灭尽而修行。受是苦的……想是苦的……行是苦的……过去、未来的识是苦的,更不用说现在的了!比丘们,这样看待的已受教导的圣弟子,对过去的识不挂念;不欣喜未来的识;为了对现在的识厌离、离欲、灭尽而修行。”第十经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ atītānāgataṃ; ko pana vādo paccuppannassa! Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītasmiṃ rūpasmiṃ anapekkho hoti; anāgataṃ rūpaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannassa rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Vedanā dukkhā… saññā dukkhā… saṅkhārā dukkhā… viññāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ atītānāgataṃ; ko pana vādo paccuppannassa! Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītasmiṃ viññāṇasmiṃ anapekkho hoti; anāgataṃ viññāṇaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannassa viññāṇassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hotī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
10311. 三时无我经
11. Kālattayaanattasuttaṃ
11“比丘们,过去、未来的色是无我的,更不用说现在的了!比丘们,这样看待的已受教导的圣弟子,对过去的色不挂念;不欣喜未来的色;为了对现在的色厌离、离欲、灭尽而修行。受是无我的……想是无我的……行是无我的……过去、未来的识是无我的,更不用说现在的了!比丘们,这样看待的已受教导的圣弟子,对过去的识不挂念;不欣喜未来的识;为了对现在的识厌离、离欲、灭尽而修行。”第十一经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anattā atītānāgataṃ; ko pana vādo paccuppannassa! Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītasmiṃ rūpasmiṃ anapekkho hoti; anāgataṃ rūpaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannassa rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Vedanā anattā… saññā anattā… saṅkhārā anattā… viññāṇaṃ anattā atītānāgataṃ; ko pana vādo paccuppannassa! Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako atītasmiṃ viññāṇasmiṃ anapekkho hoti; anāgataṃ viññāṇaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannassa viññāṇassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hotī’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.
105那古喇父品第一
Nakulapituvaggo paṭhamo.
106舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,我为你们开示身见、身见集、身见灭、身见灭之趣行。什么是身见?应说是五取蕴……。什么是身见集?即此渴爱……。什么是身见灭?即此渴爱无余离贪……。什么是身见灭之趣行?即此八支圣道……。诸比丘,此即身见、身见集、身见灭、身见灭之趣行。」
Tassuddānaṃ –
107舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,我为你们开示身见、身见集、身见灭、身见灭之趣行。什么是身见?应说是五取蕴……。什么是身见集?即此渴爱……。什么是身见灭?即此渴爱无余离贪……。什么是身见灭之趣行?即此八支圣道……。诸比丘,此即身见、身见集、身见灭、身见灭之趣行。」
Tassuddānaṃ –
108那拘罗父经、迭瓦达哈经,以及哈利地咖尼两部经;
Nakulapitā devadahā, dvepi hāliddikāni ca;
109定与独坐,取与恐惧,此二对。
Samādhipaṭisallāṇā, upādāparitassanā duve;
110过去、未来、现在诸经,这一品因此而得名。
Atītānāgatapaccuppannā, vaggo tena pavuccati.
111舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,此五取蕴。是哪五种?即色取蕴……识取蕴。诸比丘,凡圣弟子如实了知此五取蕴之集、灭、味、过患、出离时,诸比丘,此圣弟子被称为入流者、不堕恶趣法者、决定者、正趣菩提者。」
2. Aniccavaggo
1121. 无常经
1. Aniccasuttaṃ
113舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,此五取蕴。是哪五种?即色取蕴……识取蕴。诸比丘,凡圣弟子如实了知此五取蕴之集、灭、味、过患、出离时,诸比丘,此圣弟子被称为入流者、不堕恶趣法者、决定者、正趣菩提者。」
2. Aniccavaggo
1141. 无常经
1. Aniccasuttaṃ
12如是我闻:在舍卫城。在那里……诸比丘,色是无常的,受是无常的,想是无常的,诸行是无常的,识是无常的。诸比丘,如是见者,多闻圣弟子对色厌离,对受厌离,对想厌离,对诸行厌离,对识厌离。厌离而离贪;由离贪而解脱。于解脱有『已解脱』之智。了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,再无后有。』第一。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – sāvatthiyaṃ. Tatra kho…pe… ‘‘rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ, vedanā aniccā, saññā aniccā, saṅkhārā aniccā, viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati ; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
1162. 苦经
2. Dukkhasuttaṃ
1172. 苦经
2. Dukkhasuttaṃ
13事情发生在沙瓦提城。世尊说:“比丘们,色是苦的,受是苦的,想是苦的,行是苦的,识是苦的。这样观察时……乃至……他清楚地了知:‘不再有后续的生命状态。’”这是第二部经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ, vedanā dukkhā, saññā dukkhā, saṅkhārā dukkhā, viññāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ. Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
1193. 无我经
3. Anattasuttaṃ
1203. 无我经
3. Anattasuttaṃ
14起源于沙瓦提城。“比丘们,色是无我,受是无我,想是无我,行是无我,识是无我。比丘们,当这样看的时候,多闻的圣弟子对色也厌离,对受也厌离,对想也厌离,对行也厌离,对识也厌离。厌离则离欲,因离欲而解脱。于解脱中,生起‘已解脱’的智慧。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有这有的状态。’” 第三经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anattā, vedanā anattā, saññā anattā, saṅkhārā anattā, viññāṇaṃ anattā. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti , vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
1224. 凡无常经
4. Yadaniccasuttaṃ
1234. 凡无常经
4. Yadaniccasuttaṃ
15起源于沙瓦提城。“比丘们,色是无常。凡是无常的,就是苦;凡是苦的,就是无我;凡是无我的,就应当以正慧如实地这样看待:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。’受是无常。凡是无常的,就是苦;凡是苦的,就是无我;凡是无我的,就应当以正慧如实地这样看待:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。’想是无常……(中略)……行是无常……识是无常。凡是无常的,就是苦;凡是苦的,就是无我;凡是无我的,就应当以正慧如实地这样看待:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。’当这样看的时候……(中略)……他了知:‘不再有这有的状态。’” 第四经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vedanā aniccā. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Saññā aniccā…pe… saṅkhārā aniccā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
1255. 凡苦经
5. Yaṃdukkhasuttaṃ
1265. 凡苦经
5. Yaṃdukkhasuttaṃ
16起源于沙瓦提城。“比丘们,色是苦。凡是苦的,就是无我;凡是无我的,就应当以正慧如实地这样看待:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。’受是苦……想是苦……行是苦……识是苦。凡是苦的,就是无我;凡是无我的,就应当以正慧如实地这样看待:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。’当这样看的时候……(中略)……他了知:‘不再有这有的状态。’” 第五经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vedanā dukkhā… saññā dukkhā… saṅkhārā dukkhā… viññāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
1286. 凡无我经
6. Yadanattāsuttaṃ
1296. 凡无我经
6. Yadanattāsuttaṃ
17起源于沙瓦提城。“比丘们,色是无我。凡是无我的,就应当以正慧如实地这样看待:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。’受是无我……想是无我……行是无我……识是无我。凡是无我的,就应当以正慧如实地这样看待:‘这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的自我。’当这样看的时候……(中略)……他了知:‘不再有这有的状态。’” 第六经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anattā. Yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama , nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vedanā anattā… saññā anattā… saṅkhārā anattā… viññāṇaṃ anattā . Yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
1317. 有因无常经
7. Sahetuaniccasuttaṃ
18起源于沙瓦提城。“比丘们,色是无常。凡是色的生起之因、生起之缘,那也是无常。比丘们,由无常所生的色,怎么会是常的呢!受是无常。凡是受的生起之因、生起之缘,那也是无常。比丘们,由无常所生的受,怎么会是常的呢!想是无常……行是无常。凡是行的生起之因、生起之缘,那也是无常。比丘们,由无常所生的行,怎么会是常的呢!识是无常。凡是识的生起之因、生起之缘,那也是无常。比丘们,由无常所生的识,怎么会是常的呢!当这样看的时候……(中略)……他了知:‘不再有这有的状态。’” 第七经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ. Yopi hetu, yopi paccayo rūpassa uppādāya, sopi anicco. Aniccasambhūtaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ kuto niccaṃ bhavissati! Vedanā aniccā. Yopi hetu, yopi paccayo vedanāya uppādāya, sopi anicco. Aniccasambhūtā , bhikkhave, vedanā kuto niccā bhavissati! Saññā aniccā… saṅkhārā aniccā. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo saṅkhārānaṃ uppādāya, sopi anicco. Aniccasambhūtā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā kuto niccā bhavissanti! Viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo viññāṇassa uppādāya, sopi anicco. Aniccasambhūtaṃ, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ kuto niccaṃ bhavissati! Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
1338. 有因苦经
8. Sahetudukkhasuttaṃ
19起源于沙瓦提城。“比丘们,色是苦。凡是色的生起之因、生起之缘,那也是苦。比丘们,由苦所生的色,怎么会是乐的呢!受是苦……想是苦……行是苦……识是苦。凡是识的生起之因、生起之缘,那也是苦。比丘们,由苦所生的识,怎么会是乐的呢!当这样看的时候……(中略)……他了知:‘不再有这有的状态。’” 第八经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo rūpassa uppādāya, sopi dukkho. Dukkhasambhūtaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ kuto sukhaṃ bhavissati! Vedanā dukkhā… saññā dukkhā… saṅkhārā dukkhā… viññāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo viññāṇassa uppādāya, sopi dukkho. Dukkhasambhūtaṃ, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ kuto sukhaṃ bhavissati! Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
1359. 有因无我经
9. Sahetuanattasuttaṃ
20舍卫城因缘。“比丘们,色是无我。那个让色生起的原因和条件,它也是无我。比丘们,由无我而生起的色,哪里会有我呢?受是无我……想是无我……行是无我……识是无我。那个让识生起的原因和条件,它也是无我。比丘们,由无我而生起的识,哪里会有我呢?这样观察……不再有此后有的状态了,他了知。”第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anattā. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo rūpassa uppādāya, sopi anattā. Anattasambhūtaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ kuto attā bhavissati! Vedanā anattā… saññā anattā… saṅkhārā anattā… viññāṇaṃ anattā. Yopi hetu yopi paccayo viññāṇassa uppādāya, sopi anattā. Anattasambhūtaṃ, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ kuto attā bhavissati! Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
13710. 阿难经
10. Ānandasuttaṃ
13810. 阿难经
10. Ānandasuttaṃ
21在舍卫城……僧园里。那时,具寿阿难去见世尊。到了以后,向世尊礼敬,然后坐在一边。在一边坐下的具寿阿难对世尊这样说:“尊者,人们在说‘灭,灭’。尊者,哪些法的灭,才被称为‘灭’呢?”“阿难,色是无常的、造作的、依缘而生的、坏灭法、衰败法、离欲法、息灭法。它的灭,就叫做‘灭’。受是无常的、造作的、依缘而生的、坏灭法、衰败法、离欲法、息灭法。它的灭,就叫做‘灭’。想……行是无常的、造作的、依缘而生的、坏灭法、衰败法、离欲法、息灭法。它们的灭,就叫做‘灭’。识是无常的、造作的、依缘而生的、坏灭法、衰败法、离欲法、息灭法。它的灭,就叫做‘灭’。阿难,这些法的灭,就叫做‘灭’。”第十经。
Sāvatthiyaṃ … ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘nirodho nirodho’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamesānaṃ kho, bhante, dhammānaṃ nirodho ‘nirodho’ti vuccatī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, ānanda, aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammaṃ. Tassa nirodho ‘nirodho’ti vuccati. Vedanā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā khayadhammā vayadhammā virāgadhammā nirodhadhammā. Tassā nirodho ‘nirodho’ti vuccati. Saññā… saṅkhārā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā khayadhammā vayadhammā virāgadhammā nirodhadhammā. Tesaṃ nirodho ‘nirodho’ti vuccati. Viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammaṃ. Tassa nirodho ‘nirodho’ti vuccati. Imesaṃ kho, ānanda, dhammānaṃ nirodho ‘nirodho’ti vuccatī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
140无常品第二
Aniccavaggo dutiyo.
141……问:「所谓『无明、无明』,到什么程度成为有无明?」「拘絺罗友,于此无闻凡夫没真正了知色之集、灭、味、过患、出离,没真正了知受、想、诸行、识之集、灭、味、过患、出离。拘絺罗友,此被称为无明,到此程度成为有无明。」
Tassuddānaṃ –
142无常品第二
Aniccavaggo dutiyo.
143……问:「所谓『无明、无明』,到什么程度成为有无明?」「拘絺罗友,于此无闻凡夫没真正了知色之集、灭、味、过患、出离,没真正了知受、想、诸行、识之集、灭、味、过患、出离。拘絺罗友,此被称为无明,到此程度成为有无明。」
Tassuddānaṃ –
144无常、苦、无我——凡无常者,余三亦然;
Aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā, yadaniccāpare tayo;
145也从原因说了三个,加上阿难,一共这十部经。
Hetunāpi tayo vuttā, ānandena ca te dasāti.
146……具寿舍利弗问具寿摩诃拘絺罗:「所谓『无明、无明』,到什么程度成为有无明?」「舍利弗友,于此无闻凡夫没真正了知色之集、灭、味、过患、出离,没真正了知受、想、诸行、识之集、灭、味、过患、出离。舍利弗友,此被称为无明,到此程度成为有无明。」
3. Bhāravaggo
1471. 重担经
1. Bhārasuttaṃ
148……具寿舍利弗问具寿摩诃拘絺罗:「所谓『无明、无明』,到什么程度成为有无明?」「舍利弗友,于此无闻凡夫没真正了知色之集、灭、味、过患、出离,没真正了知受、想、诸行、识之集、灭、味、过患、出离。舍利弗友,此被称为无明,到此程度成为有无明。」
3. Bhāravaggo
1491. 重担经
1. Bhārasuttaṃ
22比丘们,我要为你们教导负担、扛负担的人、拿起负担和放下负担。你们仔细听。比丘们,什么是负担?应该说就是五取蕴。哪五个?色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。比丘们,这就叫做负担。
Sāvatthiyaṃ … tatra kho … ‘‘bhārañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi bhārahārañca bhārādānañca bhāranikkhepanañca. Taṃ suṇātha. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, bhāro? Pañcupādānakkhandhā tissa vacanīyaṃ. Katame pañca? Rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho; ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhāro’’.
151比丘们,什么是扛负担的人?应该说就是‘一个人’。这位尊者有这样的名字、这样的族姓。比丘们,这就叫做扛负担的人。
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, bhārahāro ? Puggalo tissa vacanīyaṃ. Yvāyaṃ āyasmā evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto; ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhārahāro.
152比丘们,什么是拿起负担?就是那种导致再生的渴爱,伴随着喜乐与贪染,处处欢喜沉迷,也就是:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。比丘们,这就叫做拿起负担。
‘‘Katamañca , bhikkhave, bhārādānaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobhavikā nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhārādānaṃ.
153「诸比丘,什么是放下重担?就是那渴爱的无余离贪、灭、舍弃、舍遣、解脱、无执着。诸比丘,这称为放下重担。」
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, bhāranikkhepanaṃ? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhāranikkhepana’’nti.
154世尊说了这些。善逝这样说完之后,导师又接着说:
Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
155“五蕴确实是负担,扛负担的人就是‘一个人’;
‘‘Bhārā have pañcakkhandhā, bhārahāro ca puggalo;
156世间执取负担是苦,放下负担是乐。
Bhārādānaṃ dukhaṃ loke, bhāranikkhepanaṃ sukhaṃ.
157放下沉重的担子,不再取其他担;
‘‘Nikkhipitvā garuṃ bhāraṃ, aññaṃ bhāraṃ anādiya;
158连根拔除渴爱,无渴而般涅槃。」第一。
Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha , nicchāto parinibbuto’’ti. paṭhamaṃ;
1592. 遍知经
2. Pariññasuttaṃ
1602. 遍知经
2. Pariññasuttaṃ
23舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,我将说应遍知之法与遍知。你们听此。诸比丘,什么是应遍知之法?诸比丘,色是应遍知之法,受是应遍知之法,想是应遍知之法,诸行是应遍知之法,识是应遍知之法。诸比丘,这些被称为应遍知之法。诸比丘,什么是遍知?诸比丘,贪之灭尽、嗔之灭尽、痴之灭尽。诸比丘,这被称为遍知。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Pariññeyye ca, bhikkhave, dhamme desessāmi pariññañca. Taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, pariññeyyā dhammā? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, pariññeyyo dhammo, vedanā pariññeyyo dhammo, saññā pariññeyyo dhammo, saṅkhārā pariññeyyo dhammo, viññāṇaṃ pariññeyyo dhammo . Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, pariññeyyā dhammā. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, pariññā? Yo, bhikkhave, rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pariññā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
1623. 证知经
3. Abhijānasuttaṃ
1633. 证知经
3. Abhijānasuttaṃ
24舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!对色不通知、不遍知、不离欲、不断者,不能到达苦的灭尽;对受不通知、不遍知、不离欲、不断者,不能到达苦的灭尽;对想不通知、不遍知、不离欲、不断者,不能到达苦的灭尽;对行不通知、不遍知、不离欲、不断者,不能到达苦的灭尽;对识不通知、不遍知、不离欲、不断者,不能到达苦的灭尽。诸比丘!对色通知、遍知、离欲、断者,能到达苦的灭尽;对受通知、遍知、离欲、断者,能到达苦的灭尽;对想通知、遍知、离欲、断者,能到达苦的灭尽;对行通知、遍知、离欲、断者,能到达苦的灭尽;对识通知、遍知、离欲、断者,能到达苦的灭尽。」第三。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ , bhikkhave, anabhijānaṃ aparijānaṃ avirājayaṃ appajahaṃ abhabbo dukkhakkhayāya; vedanaṃ anabhijānaṃ aparijānaṃ avirājayaṃ appajahaṃ abhabbo dukkhakkhayāya; saññaṃ anabhijānaṃ… saṅkhāre anabhijānaṃ aparijānaṃ avirājayaṃ appajahaṃ abhabbo dukkhakkhayāya; viññāṇaṃ anabhijānaṃ aparijānaṃ avirājayaṃ appajahaṃ abhabbo dukkhakkhayāya. Rūpañca kho, bhikkhave, abhijānaṃ parijānaṃ virājayaṃ pajahaṃ bhabbo dukkhakkhayāya; vedanaṃ abhijānaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ abhijānaṃ parijānaṃ virājayaṃ pajahaṃ bhabbo dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
1654. 欲贪经
4. Chandarāgasuttaṃ
1664. 欲贪经
4. Chandarāgasuttaṃ
25舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,应舍断对色的欲贪。如此,那色将被舍断,根已被切断,如多罗树的树桩,成为非有,于未来不再生起。应舍断对受的欲贪。如此,那受将被舍断,根已被切断,如多罗树的树桩,成为非有,于未来不再生起。应舍断对想的欲贪。如此,那想将被舍断,根已被切断,如多罗树的树桩,成为非有,于未来不再生起。应舍断对诸行的欲贪。如此,那些诸行将被舍断,根已被切断,如多罗树的树桩,成为非有,于未来不再生起。应舍断对识的欲贪……」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, rūpasmiṃ chandarāgo taṃ pajahatha. Evaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ pahīnaṃ bhavissati ucchinnamūlaṃ tālāvatthukataṃ anabhāvaṃkataṃ āyatiṃ anuppādadhammaṃ. Yo vedanāya chandarāgo taṃ pajahatha. Evaṃ sā vedanā pahīnā bhavissati ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Yo saññāya chandarāgo taṃ pajahatha. Evaṃ sā saññā pahīnā bhavissati ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Yo saṅkhāresu chandarāgo taṃ pajahatha. Evaṃ te saṅkhārā pahīnā bhavissanti ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Yo viññāṇasmiṃ chandarāgo taṃ pajahatha. Evaṃ taṃ viññāṇaṃ pahīnaṃ bhavissati ucchinnamūlaṃ tālāvatthukataṃ anabhāvaṃkataṃ āyatiṃ anuppādadhamma’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
1685. 味经
5. Assādasuttaṃ
1695. 味经
5. Assādasuttaṃ
26舍卫城缘起。「比丘们!在我正觉之前,还是未正觉的菩萨时,这样想起:『什么是色的味,什么是患,什么是出离?什么是受的味,什么是患,什么是出离?什么是想的味,什么是患,什么是出离?什么是行的味,什么是患,什么是出离?什么是识的味,什么是患,什么是出离?』比丘们!我这样想起:『缘色而生起乐与喜悦,这是色的味。色是无常、苦、变易法,这是色的患。于色调伏欲贪、舍断欲贪,这是色的出离。缘受而生起乐与喜悦,这是受的味。受是无常、苦、变易法,这是受的患。于受调伏欲贪、舍断欲贪,这是受的出离。缘想而生起乐与喜悦,这是想的味。想是无常、苦、变易法,这是想的患。于想调伏欲贪、舍断欲贪,这是想的出离。缘行而生起乐与喜悦,这是行的味。行是无常、苦、变易法,这是行的患。于行调伏欲贪、舍断欲贪,这是行的出离。缘识而生起乐与喜悦,这是识的味。识是无常、苦、变易法,这是识的患。于识调伏欲贪、舍断欲贪,这是识的出离。』」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Pubbeva me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi – ‘ko nu kho rūpassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ? Ko vedanāya assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ? Ko saññāya assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ? Ko saṅkhārānaṃ assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ? Ko viññāṇassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇa’nti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘yaṃ kho rūpaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ rūpassa assādo. Yaṃ rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, ayaṃ rūpassa ādīnavo. Yo rūpasmiṃ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ. Yaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ , ayaṃ vedanāya assādo . Yaṃ vedanā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṃ vedanāya ādīnavo. Yo vedanāya chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ vedanāya nissaraṇaṃ. Yaṃ saññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… yaṃ saṅkhāre paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ assādo. Yaṃ saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavo. Yo saṅkhāresu chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ. Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ viññāṇassa assādo. Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, ayaṃ viññāṇassa ādīnavo. Yo viññāṇasmiṃ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ’’’.
171比丘们,在我未能如实地、真切地了知这五取蕴的味就是味、过患就是过患、出离就是出离之前,比丘们,我不曾在有天神、有魔罗、有梵天的世界里,在包括沙门、婆罗门、天神与人的众生中,宣称我已证悟无上的正等正觉。但是,比丘们,当我如实地、真切地了知这五取蕴的味就是味、过患就是过患、出离就是出离时,比丘们,我在有天神、有魔罗、有梵天的世界里,在包括沙门、婆罗门、天神与人的众生中,就宣称我已证悟无上的正等正觉。而且,智与见在我心中生起:'我的解脱是不可动摇的;这是最后一生;现在不再有后有。'第五经。
‘‘Yāvakīvañcāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ evaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ nābbhaññāsiṃ, neva tāvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṃ . Yato ca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ evaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; athāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṃ. Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi – ‘akuppā me vimutti ; ayamantimā jāti; natthi dāni punabbhavo’’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
1726. 第二味经
6. Dutiyaassādasuttaṃ
27这是源于舍卫城的。比丘们,我出发去寻求色的味。我证得了什么是色的味。色的味能被智慧所见到的程度,已经被我很好地见到了。比丘们,我出发去寻求色的过患。我证得了什么是色的过患。色的过患能被智慧所见到的程度,已经被我很好地见到了。比丘们,我出发去寻求色的出离。我证得了什么是色的出离。色的出离能被智慧所见到的程度,已经被我很好地见到了。比丘们,我出发去寻求受的……比丘们,我出发去寻求想的……比丘们,我出发去寻求行的……比丘们,我出发去寻求识的味。我证得了什么是识的味。识的味能被智慧所见到的程度,已经被我很好地见到了。比丘们,我出发去寻求识的过患。我证得了什么是识的过患。识的过患能被智慧所见到的程度,已经被我很好地见到了。比丘们,我出发去寻求识的出离。我证得了什么是识的出离。识的出离能被智慧所见到的程度,已经被我很好地见到了。比丘们,在我未能如实地、真切地了知这五取蕴的味就是味、过患就是过患、出离就是出离之前……(中略)当我了知时……智与见在我心中生起:'我的解脱是不可动摇的;这是最后一生;现在不再有后有。'第六经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Rūpassāhaṃ, bhikkhave, assādapariyesanaṃ acariṃ. Yo rūpassa assādo tadajjhagamaṃ. Yāvatā rūpassa assādo paññāya me so sudiṭṭho. Rūpassāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ādīnavapariyesanaṃ acariṃ. Yo rūpassa ādīnavo tadajjhagamaṃ. Yāvatā rūpassa ādīnavo paññāya me so sudiṭṭho. Rūpassāhaṃ, bhikkhave, nissaraṇapariyesanaṃ acariṃ. Yaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ tadajjhagamaṃ. Yāvatā rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāya me taṃ sudiṭṭhaṃ. Vedanāyāhaṃ, bhikkhave… saññāyāhaṃ, bhikkhave… saṅkhārānāhaṃ , bhikkhave… viññāṇassāhaṃ, bhikkhave, assādapariyesanaṃ acariṃ. Yo viññāṇassa assādo tadajjhagamaṃ. Yāvatā viññāṇassa assādo paññāya me so sudiṭṭho. Viññāṇassāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ādīnavapariyesanaṃ acariṃ. Yo viññāṇassa ādīnavo tadajjhagamaṃ. Yāvatā viññāṇassa ādīnavo paññāya me so sudiṭṭho. Viññāṇassāhaṃ, bhikkhave, nissaraṇapariyesanaṃ acariṃ. Yaṃ viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ tadajjhagamaṃ. Yāvatā viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāya me taṃ sudiṭṭhaṃ. Yāvakīvañcāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ nābbhaññāsiṃ…pe… abbhaññāsiṃ. Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi – ‘akuppā me vimutti ; ayamantimā jāti; natthi dāni punabbhavo’’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
1747. 第三味经
7. Tatiyaassādasuttaṃ
28这是源于舍卫城的。比丘们,如果色没有味,那么众生就不会在色上贪着。但是,比丘们,因为色有味,所以众生在色上贪着。比丘们,如果色没有过患,那么众生就不会对色生厌离。但是,比丘们,因为色有过患,所以众生对色生厌离。比丘们,如果色没有出离,那么众生就不会从色中出离。但是,比丘们,因为色有出离,所以众生从色中出离。比丘们,如果受没有味……比丘们,如果想没有味……比丘们,如果行没有出离,那么众生就不会从行中出离。但是,比丘们,因为行有出离,所以众生从行中出离。比丘们,如果识没有味,那么众生就不会在识上贪着。但是,比丘们,因为识有味,所以众生在识上贪着。比丘们,如果识没有过患,那么众生就不会对识生厌离。但是,比丘们,因为识有过患,所以众生对识生厌离。比丘们,如果识没有出离,那么众生就不会从识中出离。但是,比丘们,因为识有出离,所以众生从识中出离。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpassa assādo abhavissa nayidaṃ sattā rūpasmiṃ sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi rūpassa assādo, tasmā sattā rūpasmiṃ sārajjanti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpassa ādīnavo abhavissa nayidaṃ sattā rūpasmiṃ nibbindeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi rūpassa ādīnavo, tasmā sattā rūpasmiṃ nibbindanti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ abhavissa nayidaṃ sattā rūpasmā nissareyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ, tasmā sattā rūpasmā nissaranti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, vedanāya…pe… no cedaṃ, bhikkhave, saññāya… no cedaṃ, bhikkhave, saṅkhārānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ abhavissa , nayidaṃ sattā saṅkhārehi nissareyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi saṅkhārānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ, tasmā sattā saṅkhārehi nissaranti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, viññāṇassa assādo abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā viññāṇasmiṃ sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi viññāṇassa assādo, tasmā sattā viññāṇasmiṃ sārajjanti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, viññāṇassa ādīnavo abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā viññāṇasmiṃ nibbindeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi viññāṇassa ādīnavo, tasmā sattā viññāṇasmiṃ nibbindanti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā viññāṇasmā nissareyyuṃ . Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ, tasmā sattā viññāṇasmā nissaranti.
176比丘们,只要众生未能如实地、真切地了知这五取蕴的味就是味、过患就是过患、出离就是出离,那么,比丘们,这些与天神、魔罗、梵天一起的世间众生,在包括沙门、婆罗门、天神与人的大众中,就未曾以挣脱、没有束缚、彻底解脱、心无边界的方式而住。但是,比丘们,当众生如实地、真切地了知了这五取蕴的味就是味、过患就是过患、出离就是出离时,那么,比丘们,这些与天神、魔罗、梵天一起的世间众生,在包括沙门、婆罗门、天神与人的大众中,就以挣脱、没有束缚、彻底解脱、心无边界的方式而住了。第七经。
‘‘Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, sattā imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ nābbhaññaṃsu ; neva tāva, bhikkhave, sattā sadevakā lokā samārakā sabrahmakā sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya nissaṭā visaṃyuttā vippamuttā vimariyādīkatena cetasā vihariṃsu. Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, sattā imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññaṃsu; atha, bhikkhave, sattā sadevakā lokā samārakā sabrahmakā sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya nissaṭā visaṃyuttā vippamuttā vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharanti’’. Sattamaṃ.
1778. 欢喜经
8. Abhinandanasuttaṃ
29这是源于舍卫城的。比丘们,谁要是欢喜色,他就是在欢喜苦。谁要是欢喜苦,我说,他并未从苦中解脱。谁要是欢喜受……谁要是欢喜想……谁要是欢喜行……谁要是欢喜识,他就是在欢喜苦。谁要是欢喜苦,我说,他并未从苦中解脱。然而,比丘们,谁要是不欢喜色,他就是在不欢喜苦。谁要是不欢喜苦,我说,他已从苦中解脱。谁要是不欢喜受……谁要是不欢喜想……谁要是不欢喜行……谁要是不欢喜识,他就是在不欢喜苦。谁要是不欢喜苦,我说,他已从苦中解脱。第八经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ abhinandati, dukkhaṃ so abhinandati. Yo dukkhaṃ abhinandati, aparimutto so dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Yo vedanaṃ abhinandati… yo saññaṃ abhinandati… yo saṅkhāre abhinandati… yo viññāṇaṃ abhinandati, dukkhaṃ so abhinandati. Yo dukkhaṃ abhinandati, aparimutto so dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ nābhinandati, dukkhaṃ so nābhinandati. Yo dukkhaṃ nābhinandati, parimutto so dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Yo vedanaṃ nābhinandati… yo saññaṃ nābhinandati… yo saṅkhāre nābhinandati… yo viññāṇaṃ nābhinandati, dukkhaṃ so nābhinandati. Yo dukkhaṃ nābhinandati, parimutto so dukkhasmāti vadāmī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
1799. 生起经
9. Uppādasuttaṃ
1809. 生起经
9. Uppādasuttaṃ
30舍卫城因缘。比丘们,色的生起、住立、再生、显现,就是苦的生起、病的住立、老死的显现。受的生起……想的生起……行的生起……识的生起、住立、再生、显现,就是苦的生起、病的住立、老死的显现。然而,比丘们,色的灭尽、寂止、消失,就是苦的灭尽、病的寂止、老死的消失。受的灭尽……想的灭尽……行的灭尽……识的灭尽、寂止、消失,就是苦的灭尽、病的寂止、老死的消失。第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, rūpassa uppādo ṭhiti abhinibbatti pātubhāvo , dukkhasseso uppādo rogānaṃ ṭhiti jarāmaraṇassa pātubhāvo. Yo vedanāya…pe… yo saññāya…pe… yo saṅkhārānaṃ…pe… yo viññāṇassa uppādo ṭhiti abhinibbatti pātubhāvo, dukkhasseso uppādo rogānaṃ ṭhiti jarāmaraṇassa pātubhāvo. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, rūpassa nirodho vūpasamo atthaṅgamo, dukkhasseso nirodho rogānaṃ vūpasamo jarāmaraṇassa atthaṅgamo. Yo vedanāya …pe… yo saññāya… yo saṅkhārānaṃ… yo viññāṇassa nirodho vūpasamo atthaṅgamo, dukkhasseso nirodho rogānaṃ vūpasamo jarāmaraṇassa atthaṅgamo’’ti. Navamaṃ.
18210. 苦根经
10. Aghamūlasuttaṃ
18310. 苦根经
10. Aghamūlasuttaṃ
31舍卫城因缘。比丘们,我将教导苦和苦的根源。你们仔细听。比丘们,什么是苦?比丘们,色是苦,受是苦,想是苦,行是苦,识是苦。比丘们,这就叫做苦。比丘们,什么是苦的根源?就是那种导致再生、与喜爱和贪染相伴、在这里那里欢喜的渴爱,也就是:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。比丘们,这就叫做苦的根源。第十经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Aghañca, bhikkhave, desessāmi aghamūlañca. Taṃ suṇātha. Katamañca bhikkhave aghaṃ? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aghaṃ, vedanā aghaṃ, saññā aghaṃ, saṅkhārā aghaṃ, viññāṇaṃ aghaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, aghaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, aghamūlaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobhavikā nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī; seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, aghamūla’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
18511. 坏灭经
11. Pabhaṅgusuttaṃ
18611. 坏灭经
11. Pabhaṅgusuttaṃ
32舍卫城因缘。比丘们,我将教导坏灭的与不坏灭的。你们仔细听。比丘们,什么是坏灭的,什么是不坏灭的?比丘们,色是坏灭的,它的灭尽、寂止、消失,这是不坏灭的。受是坏灭的,它的灭尽、寂止、消失,这是不坏灭的。想是坏灭的……行是坏灭的,它们的灭尽、寂止、消失,这是不坏灭的。识是坏灭的,它的灭尽、寂止、消失,这是不坏灭的。第十一经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Pabhaṅguñca, bhikkhave, desessāmi appabhaṅguñca. Taṃ suṇātha. Kiñca, bhikkhave, pabhaṅgu, kiṃ appabhaṅgu? Rūpaṃ , bhikkhave, pabhaṅgu. Yo tassa nirodho vūpasamo atthaṅgamo, idaṃ appabhaṅgu. Vedanā pabhaṅgu. Yo tassā nirodho vūpasamo atthaṅgamo, idaṃ appabhaṅgu. Saññā pabhaṅgu… saṅkhārā pabhaṅgu. Yo tesaṃ nirodho vūpasamo atthaṅgamo, idaṃ appabhaṅgu. Viññāṇaṃ pabhaṅgu. Yo tassa nirodho vūpasamo atthaṅgamo, idaṃ appabhaṅgū’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.
188重担品第三
Bhāravaggo tatiyo.
189其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
190重担品第三
Bhāravaggo tatiyo.
191其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
192重担、遍知、了知,爱染为第四项;
Bhāraṃ pariññaṃ abhijānaṃ, chandarāgaṃ catutthakaṃ;
193乐味解说有三部,随喜为第八部;
Assādā ca tayo vuttā, abhinandanamaṭṭhamaṃ;
194生起与苦恼根,第十一可破坏。
Uppādaṃ aghamūlañca, ekādasamo pabhaṅgūti.
1954. 非你们所有品
4. Natumhākaṃvaggo
1961. 非你们所应有经
1. Natumhākaṃsuttaṃ
1974. 非你们所有品
4. Natumhākaṃvaggo
1981. 非你们所应有经
1. Natumhākaṃsuttaṃ
33舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!凡非你们所有的,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。诸比丘!什么是非你们所有的呢?诸比丘!色非你们所有,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。受非你们所有,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。想非你们所有……行非你们所有,你们应舍断它们。舍断了它们,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。识非你们所有,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Kiñca, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Vedanā na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Sā vo pahīnā hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Saññā na tumhākaṃ… saṅkhārā na tumhākaṃ, te pajahatha. Te vo pahīnā hitāya sukhāya bhavissanti. Viññāṇaṃ na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati’’.
200「诸比丘!譬如在此祇园中的草、木、枝、叶,人们拿走、烧掉或随意处置,你们会这样想吗:『人们拿走我们、烧掉我们或随意处置我们』?」「不会的,尊者。」「那是什么原因呢?」「尊者!因为那不是我们的我,也不是我们的我所。」「诸比丘!同样地,色非你们所有,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。受非你们所有,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。想非你们所有……行非你们所有……识非你们所有,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。」第一经。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yaṃ imasmiṃ jetavane tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ taṃ jano hareyya vā ḍaheyya vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā kareyya. Api nu tumhākaṃ evamassa – ‘amhe jano harati vā ḍahati vā yathāpaccayaṃ vā karotī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu’’? ‘‘Na hi no etaṃ, bhante, attā vā attaniyaṃ vā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Vedanā na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Sā vo pahīnā hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Saññā na tumhākaṃ… saṅkhārā na tumhākaṃ… viññāṇaṃ na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2012. 第二非你们所应有经
2. Dutiyanatumhākaṃsuttaṃ
34舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!凡非你们所有的,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。诸比丘!什么是非你们所有的呢?诸比丘!色非你们所有,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。受非你们所有……想非你们所有……行非你们所有……识非你们所有,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。诸比丘!凡非你们所有的,你们应舍断它。舍断了它,将会为你们带来利益与安乐。」第二经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Kiñca, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Vedanā na tumhākaṃ… saññā na tumhākaṃ… saṅkhārā na tumhākaṃ… viññāṇaṃ na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissati. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ taṃ pajahatha. Taṃ vo pahīnaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
2033. 某比丘经
3. Aññatarabhikkhusuttaṃ
35舍卫城因缘。那时,某位比丘去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那位比丘对世尊这样说:「世尊!请世尊为我简要地说法,我听闻世尊之法后,将独自远离、不放逸、热诚、自励而住。」「比丘!凡随眠的,他就被它所计算;凡不随眠的,他就不被它所计算。」「已了知,世尊!已了知,善逝!」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu; yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho, appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, anuseti, tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati; yaṃ nānuseti, na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchatī’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ, bhagavā; aññātaṃ, sugatā’’ti.
205“比丘,你是如何理解我简要所说的详细意义的呢?”“尊者,如果对色有随眠,他便由此而得名;如果对受有随眠……对想有随眠……对行有随眠……对识有随眠,他便由此而得名。尊者,如果对色没有随眠,他就不由此而得名;对受没有随眠……对想没有随眠……对行没有随眠……对识没有随眠,他就不由此而得名。尊者,我就是这样理解世尊简要所说的详细意义的。”
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ ce, bhante, anuseti tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ ce anuseti tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Saññaṃ ce anuseti tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Saṅkhāre ce anuseti tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Viññāṇaṃ ce anuseti tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Rūpaṃ ce, bhante, nānuseti na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ ce… saññaṃ ce… saṅkhāre ce… viññāṇaṃ ce nānuseti na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
206“很好,很好,比丘!比丘,你确实很好地详细理解了我简略宣说的义理。比丘,如果执取色,就被魔罗束缚;如果不执取,就从邪恶者那里解脱。对于受……对于想……对于行……如果执取识,就被魔罗束缚;如果不执取,就从邪恶者那里解脱。比丘,对我简略宣说的义理,应当这样详细地看待。”
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ ce, bhikkhu, anuseti tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ ce… saññaṃ ce… saṅkhāre ce… viññāṇaṃ ce anuseti tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Rūpaṃ ce, bhikkhu, nānuseti na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ ce… saññaṃ ce… saṅkhāre ce… viññāṇaṃ ce nānuseti na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena, bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti.
207那时,那位比丘对世尊的教导感到欢喜,随喜之后,从座位起身,顶礼世尊,右绕之后离开了。然后,那位比丘独自隐居,不放逸,精进努力,坚定志向地安住。不久后,他为了那个善男子们正确地从家而出家,过无家生活的目标——那无上的梵行终点,就在此生成就,通过自己的智慧亲证、达到并安住其中。他了知:“生已灭尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有这之后的存在状态。”那位比丘就这样成为了阿拉汉之一。这是第一经。
Atha kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
208那时,那位比丘独自远离、不放逸、热诚、自励而住,不久即于现法中以自己的上智亲自作证、具足并住于那善男子们正确地从在家出家成为非家的无上梵行目标。他了知:「生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在。」那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第三经。
Atha kho so bhikkhu eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Tatiyaṃ.
2094. 第二某比丘经
4. Dutiyaaññatarabhikkhusuttaṃ
36在舍卫城。那时,有一位比丘来到世尊那里……在一旁坐下后,那位比丘对世尊说:“大德,人们说‘无明、无明’。大德,到底什么是无明?怎样才算是进入了无明?” “比丘,在这里,没有听闻过的凡夫不如实了解色,不如实了解色的生起,不如实了解色的灭去,不如实了解通往色灭的修行路径;不如实了解受……不如实了解想……不如实了解行……不如实了解识的生起、灭去、通往识灭的修行路径。比丘,这就叫做无明。这样就是进入了无明。” 第一。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante , bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, anuseti taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ anumīyati tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Yaṃ nānuseti na taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ nānumīyati na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchatī’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ, bhagavā; aññātaṃ, sugatā’’ti.
211「比丘,你如何详细了知我简要所说之义呢?」「尊者,若色随眠,即被度量;凡被度量者即由此而被计算。若受随眠……若想随眠……若行随眠……若识随眠,即被度量;凡被度量者即由此而被计算。尊者,若色不随眠,即不被度量;凡不被度量者即不由此而被计算。若受不随眠……若想不随眠……若行不随眠……若识不随眠,即不被度量;凡不被度量者即不由此而被计算。尊者,我如此详细了知世尊简要所说之义。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ ce, bhante, anuseti taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ anumīyati tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ ce anuseti… saññaṃ ce anuseti… saṅkhāre ce anuseti… viññāṇaṃ ce anuseti taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ anumīyati tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Rūpaṃ ce, bhante, nānuseti na taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ nānumīyati na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ ce nānuseti… saññaṃ ce nānuseti… saṅkhāre ce nānuseti… viññāṇaṃ ce nānuseti na taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ nānumīyati na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
212「善哉!善哉!比丘!比丘,你善于详细了知我简要所说之义。比丘,若色随眠,即被度量;凡被度量者即由此而被计算。比丘,若受……比丘,若想……比丘,若行……比丘,若识随眠,即被度量;凡被度量者即由此而被计算。比丘,若色不随眠,即不被度量;凡不被度量者即不由此而被计算。若受不随眠……若想不随眠……若行不随眠……若识不随眠,即不被度量;凡不被度量者即不由此而被计算。比丘,我简要所说之义应如此详细地看待。」……那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第四经。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ ce, bhikkhu, anuseti taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ anumīyati tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ ce, bhikkhu… saññaṃ ce, bhikkhu… saṅkhāre ce, bhikkhu… viññāṇaṃ ce, bhikkhu, anuseti taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ anumīyati tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Rūpaṃ ce, bhikkhu, nānuseti na taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ nānumīyati na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ ce nānuseti… saññaṃ ce nānuseti… saṅkhāre ce nānuseti… viññāṇaṃ ce nānuseti na taṃ anumīyati; yaṃ nānumīyati na tena saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti…pe… aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Catutthaṃ.
2135. 阿难经
5. Ānandasuttaṃ
2145. 阿难经
5. Ānandasuttaṃ
37在舍卫城。那时,阿难尊者去拜见世尊。到了之后,与世尊互相问候。谈完问候和礼节性的话后,他坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的阿难尊者这样说——
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
216“阿难,如果有人这样问你:‘阿难贤友,哪些法的生起能被了知,灭去能被了知,住立时的变易能被了知?’阿难,你这样被问时,会怎么回答呢?”“尊者,如果有人这样问我:‘阿难贤友,哪些法的生起能被了知,灭去能被了知,住立时的变易能被了知?’尊者,这样被问时,我会这样回答:‘贤友,色的生起能被了知,灭去能被了知,住立时的变易能被了知。受的……想的……行的……识的生起能被了知,灭去能被了知,住立时的变易能被了知。贤友,这些法的生起能被了知,灭去能被了知,住立时的变易能被了知。’尊者,这样被问时,我就会这样回答。”
‘‘Sace taṃ, ānanda, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘katamesaṃ, āvuso ānanda, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, ānanda, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘katamesaṃ, āvuso ānanda, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘rūpassa kho, āvuso, uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Imesaṃ kho, āvuso, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.
217“很好,很好,阿难!阿难,色的生起确实能被了知,灭去能被了知,住立时的变易能被了知。受的……想的……行的……识的生起能被了知,灭去能被了知,住立时的变易能被了知。阿难,这些法的生起能被了知,灭去能被了知,住立时的变易能被了知。阿难,你这样被问时,就应该这样回答。”第五经。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, ānanda! Rūpassa kho, ānanda, uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Imesaṃ kho, ānanda, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatīti. Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, ānanda, evaṃ byākareyyāsī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
2186. 第二阿难经
6. Dutiyaānandasuttaṃ
38在舍卫城。世尊对坐在一旁的阿难尊者这样说——
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
220「阿难,如果他们这样问你——『阿难贤友,哪些法的生被了知了,灭被了知了,住的变异被了知了?哪些法的生将被了知,灭将被了知,住的变异将被了知?哪些法的生被了知,灭被了知,住的变异被了知?』如此被问,阿难,你将如何回答?」「尊者,如果他们这样问我——『阿难贤友,哪些法的生被了知了,灭被了知了,住的变异被了知了?哪些法的生将被了知,灭将被了知,住的变异将被了知?哪些法的生被了知,灭被了知,住的变异被了知?』尊者,如此被问,我将这样回答——『贤友,凡过去的、已灭的、已变易的色,其生被了知了,其灭被了知了,其住的变异被了知了。凡过去的、已灭的、已变易的受,其生被了知了,其灭被了知了,其住的变异被了知了。凡想……凡过去的、已灭的、已变易的诸行,其生被了知了,其灭被了知了,其住的变异被了知了。凡过去的、已灭的、已变易的识,其生被了知了,其灭被了知了,其住的变异被了知了。贤友,这些法的生被了知了,灭被了知了,住的变异被了知了。』
‘‘Sace taṃ, ānanda, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘katamesaṃ, āvuso ānanda, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha? Katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyissati, vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati? Katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, ānanda, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘katamesaṃ, āvuso ānanda, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha? Katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyissati , vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati ? Katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘yaṃ kho, āvuso, rūpaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha. Yā vedanā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā; tassā uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitāya aññathattaṃ paññāyittha. Yā saññā… ye saṅkhārā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā; tesaṃ uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha. Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha. Imesaṃ kho, āvuso, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha’’’.
221“朋友,那些尚未生起、尚未显现的色,它的生起可以被观察到,它的灭去可以被观察到,它在住立时的变异也可以被观察到。那些尚未生起、尚未显现的受,它的生起可以被观察到,它的灭去可以被观察到,它在住立时的变异也可以被观察到。那些尚未生起、尚未显现的想……那些尚未生起、尚未显现的行,它们的生起可以被观察到,它们的灭去可以被观察到,它们在住立时的变异也可以被观察到。那些尚未生起、尚未显现的识,它的生起可以被观察到,它的灭去可以被观察到,它在住立时的变异也可以被观察到。朋友,对于这些法,生起可以被观察到,灭去可以被观察到,住立时的变异也可以被观察到。”
‘‘Yaṃ kho, āvuso, rūpaṃ ajātaṃ apātubhūtaṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyissati, vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati. Yā vedanā ajātā apātubhūtā; tassā uppādo paññāyissati, vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitāya aññathattaṃ paññāyissati. Yā saññā…pe… ye saṅkhārā ajātā apātubhūtā; tesaṃ uppādo paññāyissati, vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati. Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ ajātaṃ apātubhūtaṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyissati, vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati. Imesaṃ kho, āvuso , dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyissati, vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati.
222“朋友,那些已经生起、已经显现的色,它的生起正在被观察到,它的灭去正在被观察到,它在住立时的变异正在被观察到。那些已经生起、已经显现的受……那些已经生起、已经显现的想……那些已经生起、已经显现的行,它们的生起正在被观察到,它们的灭去正在被观察到,它们在住立时的变异正在被观察到。那些已经生起、已经显现的识,它的生起正在被观察到,它的灭去正在被观察到,它在住立时的变异正在被观察到。朋友,对于这些法,生起正在被观察到,灭去正在被观察到,住立时的变异正在被观察到。尊者,如果有人这样问,我就会这样回答。”
‘‘Yaṃ kho, āvuso, rūpaṃ jātaṃ pātubhūtaṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Yā vedanā jātā pātubhūtā…pe… yā saññā… ye saṅkhārā jātā pātubhūtā; tesaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ jātaṃ pātubhūtaṃ tassa uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Imesaṃ kho, āvuso, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.
223“很好,很好,阿难。阿难,那些过去的、已经息灭的、已经变异的色,它的生起已经可以被观察到,它的灭去已经可以被观察到,它在住立时的变异已经可以被观察到。那些过去的、已经息灭的、已经变异的受……那些想……那些行……那些过去的、已经息灭的、已经变异的识,它的生起已经可以被观察到,它的灭去已经可以被观察到,它在住立时的变异已经可以被观察到。阿难,对于这些法,生起已经可以被观察到,灭去已经可以被观察到,住立时的变异已经可以被观察到。”
‘‘Sādhu , sādhu, ānanda! Yaṃ kho, ānanda, rūpaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha. Yā vedanā … yā saññā… ye saṅkhārā… yaṃ viññāṇaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha. Imesaṃ kho, ānanda, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyittha, vayo paññāyittha, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyittha.
224阿难,凡未生的、未显现的色,其生将被了知,其灭将被了知,其住的变异将被了知。凡受……凡想……凡诸行……凡未生的、未显现的识,其生将被了知,其灭将被了知,其住的变异将被了知。阿难,这些法的生将被了知,灭将被了知,住的变异将被了知。
‘‘Yaṃ kho, ānanda, rūpaṃ ajātaṃ apātubhūtaṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyissati, vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati. Yā vedanā… yā saññā… ye saṅkhārā… yaṃ viññāṇaṃ ajātaṃ apātubhūtaṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyissati , vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati. Imesaṃ kho, ānanda, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyissati, vayo paññāyissati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyissati.
225“阿难,那些已经生起、已经显现的色,它的生起正在被观察到,它的灭去正在被观察到,它在住立时的变异正在被观察到。那些已经生起、已经显现的受……那些想……那些行……那些已经生起、已经显现的识,它的生起正在被观察到,它的灭去正在被观察到,它在住立时的变异正在被观察到。阿难,对于这些法,生起正在被观察到,灭去正在被观察到,住立时的变异正在被观察到。阿难,如果有人这样问,你就应该这样回答。”第六品。
‘‘Yaṃ kho, ānanda, rūpaṃ jātaṃ pātubhūtaṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Yā vedanā jātā pātubhūtā… yā saññā… ye saṅkhārā… yaṃ viññāṇaṃ jātaṃ pātubhūtaṃ; tassa uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyati. Imesaṃ kho, ānanda, dhammānaṃ uppādo paññāyati, vayo paññāyati, ṭhitassa aññathattaṃ paññāyatīti. Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, ānanda, evaṃ byākareyyāsī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
2267. 随法经
7. Anudhammasuttaṃ
2277. 随法经
7. Anudhammasuttaṃ
39源于舍卫城。“比丘们,对于一位依随法而修行的比丘来说,这是随顺法:他应该常于色生厌而住,常于受生厌而住,常于想生厌而住,常于行生厌而住,常于识生厌而住。当他常于色生厌而住,常于受……常于想……常于行……常于识生厌而住时,他就能遍知色、遍知受、遍知想、遍知行、遍知识。比丘们,当他遍知色、遍知受、遍知想、遍知行、遍知识时,他就从色中解脱,从受中解脱,从想中解脱,从行中解脱,从识中解脱,从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼中解脱。我说,他从苦中解脱了。”第七品。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Dhammānudhammappaṭipannassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ayamanudhammo hoti yaṃ rūpe nibbidābahulo vihareyya, vedanāya nibbidābahulo vihareyya, saññā nibbidābahulo vihareyya, saṅkhāresu nibbidābahulo vihareyya, viññāṇe nibbidābahulo vihareyya. Yo rūpe nibbidābahulo viharanto, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu nibbidābahulo viharanto, viññāṇe nibbidābahulo viharanto rūpaṃ parijānāti, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ parijānāti, so rūpaṃ parijānaṃ, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ parijānaṃ parimuccati rūpamhā, parimuccati vedanā , parimuccati saññāya , parimuccati saṅkhārehi, parimuccati viññāṇamhā, parimuccati jātiyā jarāmaraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
2298. 第二随法经
8. Dutiyaanudhammasuttaṃ
40源于舍卫城。“比丘们,一位依法随法而行的比丘,他的随法就是这样:他住于观色是无常的……他住于观色是无常的,彻底了知色;彻底了知受……想……行……识。他由于彻底了知色,彻底了知受、想、行、识,而从色解脱,从受解脱,从想解脱,从行解脱,从识解脱,从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。我说,他从苦中解脱。”第八经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Dhammānudhammappaṭipannassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ayamanudhammo hoti yaṃ rūpe aniccānupassī vihareyya…pe… parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
2319. 第三随法经
9. Tatiyaanudhammasuttaṃ
41舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!随法而行的比丘,此为随法:即他应住于随观色为苦……(中略)……我说他从苦解脱。」第九。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Dhammānudhammappaṭipannassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ayamanudhammo hoti yaṃ rūpe dukkhānupassī vihareyya…pe… parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
23310. 第四随法经
10. Catutthaanudhammasuttaṃ
42舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!随法而行的比丘,此为随法:即他应住于随观色为无我,随观受……随观想……随观诸行……随观识为无我。住于随观色为无我者……(中略)……遍知色,遍知受……遍知想……遍知诸行……遍知识,遍知色者,遍知受……遍知想……遍知诸行……遍知识者,他从色解脱,从受解脱,从想解脱,从诸行解脱,从识解脱,从生、老死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱,我说他从苦解脱。」第十。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Dhammānudhammappaṭipannassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ayamanudhammo hoti yaṃ rūpe anattānupassī vihareyya, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe anattānupassī vihareyya. Yo rūpe anattānupassī viharanto…pe… rūpaṃ parijānāti, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ parijānāti, so rūpaṃ parijānaṃ, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ parijānaṃ parimuccati rūpamhā, parimuccati vedanāya, parimuccati saññāya, parimuccati saṅkhārehi, parimuccati viññāṇamhā, parimuccati jātiyā jarāmaraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
235非你们所应有品第四
Natumhākaṃvaggo catuttho.
236其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
237其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
238非你们的二说,诸比丘另二;
Natumhākena dve vuttā, bhikkhūhi apare duve;
239阿难二说,随法二对。
Ānandena ca dve vuttā, anudhammehi dve dukāti.
2405. 以自己为岛品
5. Attadīpavaggo
2411. 以自己为岛经
1. Attadīpasuttaṃ
2425. 以自己为岛品
5. Attadīpavaggo
2431. 以自己为岛经
1. Attadīpasuttaṃ
43舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!你们应以自己为岛而住,以自己为归依、不以他为归依,以法为岛、以法为归依、不以他为归依。诸比丘!以自己为岛而住者、以自己为归依、不以他为归依者,以法为岛者、以法为归依、不以他为归依者,应当审察根源:愁、悲、苦、忧、恼是什么所生?是什么所起?」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Attadīpā, bhikkhave, viharatha attasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā, dhammadīpā dhammasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā. Attadīpānaṃ, bhikkhave, viharataṃ attasaraṇānaṃ anaññasaraṇānaṃ, dhammadīpānaṃ dhammasaraṇānaṃ anaññasaraṇānaṃ yoni upaparikkhitabbā. Kiṃjātikā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā, kiṃpahotikā’’ti?
245「诸比丘!愁、悲、苦、忧、恼是什么所生?是什么所起?诸比丘!于此,未受教导的凡夫,不见诸圣者,不熟练圣法,未受圣法调御,不见诸善人,不熟练善人法,未受善人法调御,他随观色为我,或随观我为有色,或随观色在我中,或随观我在色中。他的那个色变易、变异。由于色的变易、变异,愁、悲、苦、忧、恼在他心中生起。他随观受为我,或随观我为有受,或随观受在我中,或随观我在受中。他的那个受变易、变异。由于受的变易、变异,愁、悲、苦、忧、恼在他心中生起。他随观想为我……随观诸行为我……随观识为我,或随观我为有识,或随观识在我中,或随观我在识中。他的那个识变易、变异。由于识的变易、变异,愁、悲、苦、忧、恼在他心中生起。
‘‘Kiṃjātikā ca, bhikkhave, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā, kiṃpahotikā? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto, rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati, aññathā ca hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, vedanāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā vedanaṃ, vedanāya vā attānaṃ. Tassa sā vedanā vipariṇamati, aññathā ca hoti. Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Saññaṃ attato samanupassati… saṅkhāre attato samanupassati… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati, aññathā ca hoti . Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.
246「诸比丘!确实,了知色的无常性、变易、离贪、灭,以前的色与现在的一切色都是无常、苦、变易法,如此以正慧如实见者,他的愁、悲、苦、忧、恼被舍断。由于舍断它们,他不恐惧,无恐惧而住于乐,住于乐的比丘被称为『就那部分已涅槃者』。诸比丘!确实,了知受的无常性、变易、离贪、灭,以前的受与现在的一切受都是无常、苦、变易法,如此以正慧如实见者,他的愁、悲、苦、忧、恼被舍断。由于舍断它们,他不恐惧,无恐惧而住于乐,住于乐的比丘被称为『就那部分已涅槃者』。想……诸比丘!确实,了知诸行的无常性、变易、离贪、灭,以前的诸行与现在的一切诸行都是无常、苦、变易法,如此以正慧如实见者,他的愁、悲、苦、忧、恼被舍断。由于舍断它们,他不恐惧,无恐惧而住于乐,住于乐的比丘被称为『就那部分已涅槃者』。诸比丘!确实,了知识的无常性、变易、离贪、灭,以前的识与现在的一切识都是无常、苦、变易法,如此以正慧如实见者,他的愁、悲、苦、忧、恼被舍断。由于舍断它们,他不恐惧,无恐惧而住于乐,住于乐的比丘被称为『就那部分已涅槃者』。」第一
‘‘Rūpassa tveva, bhikkhave, aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ , pubbe ceva rūpaṃ etarahi ca sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammanti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato ye sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā te pahīyanti. Tesaṃ pahānā na paritassati, aparitassaṃ sukhaṃ viharati, sukhavihārī bhikkhu ‘tadaṅganibbuto’ti vuccati. Vedanāya tveva, bhikkhave, aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ, pubbe ceva vedanā etarahi ca sabbā vedanā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammāti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato ye sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā te pahīyanti. Tesaṃ pahānā na paritassati, aparitassaṃ sukhaṃ viharati, sukhavihārī bhikkhu ‘tadaṅganibbuto’ti vuccati. Saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ tveva, bhikkhave, aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ, pubbe ceva saṅkhārā etarahi ca sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammāti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato ye sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā te pahīyanti. Tesaṃ pahānā na paritassati, aparitassaṃ sukhaṃ viharati, sukhavihārī bhikkhu ‘tadaṅganibbuto’ti vuccati. Viññāṇassa tveva, bhikkhave, aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ, pubbe ceva viññāṇaṃ etarahi ca sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammanti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato ye sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā te pahīyanti. Tesaṃ pahānā na paritassati, aparitassaṃ sukhaṃ viharati, sukhavihārī bhikkhu ‘tadaṅganibbuto’ti vuccatī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2472. 道迹经
2. Paṭipadāsuttaṃ
2482. 道迹经
2. Paṭipadāsuttaṃ
44舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!我将为你们教导导向有身集起之道与导向有身灭尽之道。你们要听!诸比丘!什么是导向有身集起之道?诸比丘!在此,未受教导的凡夫,不见诸圣者,不熟练圣法,未受圣法调御,不见诸善人,不熟练善人法,未受善人法调御,他随观色为我,或我拥有色;或色在我中,或我在色中。受为我……想……诸行……他随观识为我,或我拥有识;或识在我中,或我在识中。诸比丘!这被称为『导向有身集起之道,导向有身集起之道』。诸比丘!如此,这被称为『导向苦集起之随观』。这就是这里的意义。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Sakkāyasamudayagāminiñca vo, bhikkhave, paṭipadaṃ desessāmi, sakkāyanirodhagāminiñca paṭipadaṃ. Taṃ suṇātha. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyasamudayagāminī paṭipadā? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto, rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Vedanaṃ attato… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ‘sakkāyasamudayagāminī paṭipadā, sakkāyasamudayagāminī paṭipadā’ti. Iti hidaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati ‘dukkhasamudayagāminī samanupassanā’ti. Ayamevettha attho’’.
250「诸比丘!什么是导向有身灭尽之道?诸比丘!在此,已受教导的圣弟子,见诸圣者,熟练圣法,善受圣法调御,见诸善人,熟练善人法,善受善人法调御,他不随观色为我,不随观我拥有色;不随观色在我中,不随观我在色中。不随观受为我……不随观想……不随观诸行……他不随观识为我,不随观我拥有识;不随观识在我中,不随观我在识中。诸比丘!这被称为『导向有身灭尽之道,导向有身灭尽之道』。诸比丘!如此,这被称为『导向苦灭尽之随观』。这就是这里的意义。」第二
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodhagāminī paṭipadā? Idha, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto, sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto, na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ ; na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Na vedanaṃ attato… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ‘sakkāyanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, sakkāyanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti. Iti hidaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati ‘dukkhanirodhagāminī samanupassanā’ti. Ayamevettha attho’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
2513. 无常经
3. Aniccasuttaṃ
2523. 无常经
3. Aniccasuttaṃ
45舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!色是无常的。凡无常者即是苦;凡苦者即是无我;凡无我者,那个『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,应以正慧如实见这个。以正慧如实见这个者,心离贪、解脱,不执取诸漏而解脱。受是无常的……想……诸行……识是无常的。凡无常者即是苦;凡苦者即是无我;凡无我者,那个『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,应以正慧如实见这个。以正慧如实见这个者,心离贪、解脱,不执取诸漏而解脱。诸比丘!如果比丘的心对色界离贪、解脱,不执取诸漏而解脱,对受界……对想界……对行界……诸比丘!如果比丘的心对识界离贪、解脱,不执取诸漏而解脱。由于解脱而住立。由于住立而知足。由于知足而不恐惧。无恐惧而自己般涅槃。他了知『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在』。」第三
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā ; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato cittaṃ virajjati vimuccati anupādāya āsavehi. Vedanā aniccā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato cittaṃ virajjati vimuccati anupādāya āsavehi. Rūpadhātuyā ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno cittaṃ virattaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti anupādāya āsavehi, vedanādhātuyā…pe… saññādhātuyā… saṅkhāradhātuyā… viññāṇadhātuyā ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno cittaṃ virattaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti anupādāya āsavehi. Vimuttattā ṭhitaṃ. Ṭhitattā santusitaṃ . Santusitattā na paritassati. Aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
2544. 第二无常经
4. Dutiyaaniccasuttaṃ
46舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!色是无常的。凡无常者即是苦;凡苦者即是无我;凡无我者,那个『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,应以正慧如实见这个。受是无常的……想是无常的……诸行是无常的……识是无常的。凡无常者即是苦;凡苦者即是无我;凡无我者,那个『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,应以正慧如实见这个。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vedanā aniccā… saññā aniccā… saṅkhārā aniccā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ’’.
256「以正慧如实见这个者,关于过去边的诸见不存在。当关于过去边的诸见不存在时,关于未来边的诸见不存在。当关于未来边的诸见不存在时,坚固的执取不存在。当坚固的执取不存在时,心对色……对受……对想……对诸行……对识离贪、解脱,不执取诸漏而解脱。由于解脱而住立。由于住立而知足。由于知足而不恐惧。无恐惧而自己般涅槃。他了知『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在』。」第四
‘‘Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato pubbantānudiṭṭhiyo na honti. Pubbantānudiṭṭhīnaṃ asati, aparantānudiṭṭhiyo na honti. Aparantānudiṭṭhīnaṃ asati, thāmaso parāmāso na hoti. Thāmase parāmāse asati rūpasmiṃ… vedanāya … saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇasmiṃ cittaṃ virajjati vimuccati anupādāya āsavehi. Vimuttattā ṭhitaṃ. Ṭhitattā santusitaṃ. Santusitattā na paritassati. Aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
2575. 随观经
5. Samanupassanāsuttaṃ
47舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!凡任何沙门或婆罗门随观种种我者,他们全都随观五取蕴,或随观这些中的某一个。哪五个?诸比丘!在此,未受教导的凡夫,不见诸圣者,不熟练圣法,未受圣法调御,不见诸善人,不熟练善人法,未受善人法调御,他随观色为我,或我拥有色;或色在我中,或我在色中。受……想……诸行……他随观识为我,或我拥有识;或识在我中,或我在识中。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā anekavihitaṃ attānaṃ samanupassamānā samanupassanti, sabbete pañcupādānakkhandhe samanupassanti, etesaṃ vā aññataraṃ. Katame pañca? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ’’.
259「如此,这个随观与『我是』对他来说未离去。诸比丘!然而,当『我是』未离去时,五根的现前存在——眼根、耳根、鼻根、舌根、身根。诸比丘!有意,有诸法,有无明界。诸比丘!未受教导的凡夫被无明触所生之所受触及时,他有『我是』;他有『我是这个』;他有『我将存在』;他有『我将不存在』;他有『我将有色』;他有『我将无色』;他有『我将有想』;他有『我将无想』;他有『我将非想非非想』。」
‘‘Iti ayañceva samanupassanā ‘asmī’ti cassa avigataṃ hoti. ‘Asmī’ti kho pana, bhikkhave, avigate pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ avakkanti hoti – cakkhundriyassa sotindriyassa ghānindriyassa jivhindriyassa kāyindriyassa. Atthi, bhikkhave, mano, atthi dhammā, atthi avijjādhātu. Avijjāsamphassajena, bhikkhave, vedayitena phuṭṭhassa assutavato puthujjanassa ‘asmī’tipissa hoti; ‘ayamahamasmī’tipissa hoti; ‘bhavissa’ntipissa hoti; ‘na bhavissa’ntipissa hoti; ‘rūpī bhavissa’ntipissa hoti; ‘arūpī bhavissa’ntipissa hoti; ‘saññī bhavissa’ntipissa hoti; ‘asaññī bhavissa’ntipissa hoti; ‘nevasaññīnāsaññī bhavissa’ntipissa hoti’’.
260「诸比丘!五根确实仍然存在于那里。然而在此,多闻圣弟子的无明被舍断,明生起。由于他的无明离去、明生起,他不会有『我是』,他不会有『我是这个』,他不会有『我将有』,他不会有『我将不有』,他不会有『有色』,他不会有『无色』,他不会有『有想』,他不会有『无想』,他不会有『我将非想非非想』。」第五经。
‘‘Tiṭṭhanteva kho , bhikkhave, tattheva pañcindriyāni. Athettha sutavato ariyasāvakassa avijjā pahīyati, vijjā uppajjati. Tassa avijjāvirāgā vijjuppādā ‘asmī’tipissa na hoti; ‘ayamahamasmī’tipissa na hoti; ‘bhavissa’nti… ‘na bhavissa’nti… rūpī… arūpī … saññī… asaññī… ‘nevasaññīnāsaññī bhavissa’ntipissa na hotī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
2616. 蕴经
6. Khandhasuttaṃ
2626. 蕴经
6. Khandhasuttaṃ
48事情发生在舍卫城。
“比丘们,我要教导你们五蕴及五取蕴。你们仔细听。比丘们,什么是五蕴?任何色,无论过去、未来或现在,内在或外在,粗或细,低劣或殊胜,远的或近的,这些都叫做色蕴。任何受……任何想……任何行,无论过去、未来或现在,内在或外在,粗或细……这些都叫做行蕴。任何识,无论过去、未来或现在,内在或外在,粗或细,低劣或殊胜,远的或近的,这些都叫做识蕴。比丘们,这些就称为五蕴。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Pañca, bhikkhave, khandhe desessāmi , pañcupādānakkhandhe ca. Taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, pañcakkhandhā? Yaṃ kiñci, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, ayaṃ vuccati rūpakkhandho. Yā kāci vedanā…pe… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā atītānāgatapaccuppannā ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikā vā sukhumā vā…pe… ayaṃ vuccati saṅkhārakkhandho. Yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, ayaṃ vuccati viññāṇakkhandho. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, pañcakkhandhā’’.
264“比丘们,什么是五取蕴呢?任何色,无论过去、未来或现在……远的或近的,只要有烦恼、可被执取,这就叫做色取蕴。任何受……远的或近的,只要有烦恼、可被执取,这就叫做受取蕴。任何想……只要具烦恼、可执取,就叫做想取蕴。任何行……只要具烦恼、可执取,就叫做行取蕴。任何识,无论过去、未来或现在……远的或近的,只要有烦恼、可被执取,这就叫做识取蕴。比丘们,这些就称为五取蕴。”
(第六经)
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, pañcupādānakkhandhā? Yaṃ kiñci, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā sāsavaṃ upādāniyaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati rūpupādānakkhandho. Yā kāci vedanā…pe… yā dūre santike vā sāsavā upādāniyā, ayaṃ vuccati vedanupādānakkhandho. Yā kāci saññā…pe… yā dūre santike vā sāsavā upādāniyā, ayaṃ vuccati saññupādānakkhandho. Ye keci saṅkhārā…pe… sāsavā upādāniyā, ayaṃ vuccati saṅkhārupādānakkhandho. Yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā sāsavaṃ upādāniyaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, pañcupādānakkhandhā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
2657. 索那经
7. Soṇasuttaṃ
2667. 索那经
7. Soṇasuttaṃ
49如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在王舍城竹林里的松鼠饲养处。那时,索诺居士子来到世尊这里……坐在一边。世尊对坐在一边的索诺居士子这样说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho soṇo gahapatiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho soṇaṃ gahapatiputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
268“索诺,任何沙门或婆罗门,对于无常的、苦的、必然变易的色,会这样看待:‘我是优越的’,或者这样看待:‘我是同等的’,或者这样看待:‘我是卑劣的’——这除了没有如实知见之外,还有什么原因呢?对于无常的、苦的、必然变易的受,会这样看待:‘我是优越的’……‘我是同等的’……‘我是卑劣的’——这除了没有如实知见之外,还有什么原因呢?对于无常的想……对于无常、苦、必然变易的行……对于无常、苦、必然变易的识,会这样看待:‘我是优越的’……‘我是同等的’……‘我是卑劣的’——这除了没有如实知见之外,还有什么原因呢?
‘‘Ye hi keci, soṇa, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā aniccena rūpena dukkhena vipariṇāmadhammena ‘seyyohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; ‘sadisohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; ‘hīnohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; kimaññatra yathābhūtassa adassanā? Aniccāya vedanāya dukkhāya vipariṇāmadhammāya ‘seyyohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; ‘sadisohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; ‘hīnohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; kimaññatra yathābhūtassa adassanā? Aniccāya saññāya… aniccehi saṅkhārehi dukkhehi vipariṇāmadhammehi ‘seyyohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; ‘sadisohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; ‘hīnohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; kimaññatra yathābhūtassa adassanā? Aniccena viññāṇena dukkhena vipariṇāmadhammena ‘seyyohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; ‘sadisohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; ‘hīnohamasmī’ti vā samanupassanti; kimaññatra yathābhūtassa adassanā?
269“索诺,然而,任何沙门或婆罗门,对于无常的、苦的、必然变易的色,不会这样看待:‘我是优越的’,不会这样看待:‘我是同等的’,不会这样看待:‘我是卑劣的’——这除了如实知见之外,还会是什么呢?对于无常的受……对于无常的想……对于无常的行……对于无常、苦、必然变易的识,不会这样看待:‘我是优越的’,不会这样看待:‘我是同等的’,不会这样看待:‘我是卑劣的’——这除了如实知见之外,还会是什么呢?
‘‘Ye ca kho keci, soṇa, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā aniccena rūpena dukkhena vipariṇāmadhammena ‘seyyohamasmī’tipi na samanupassanti ; ‘sadisohamasmī’tipi na samanupassanti ; ‘hīnohamasmī’tipi na samanupassanti; kimaññatra yathābhūtassa dassanā? Aniccāya vedanāya… aniccāya saññāya… aniccehi saṅkhārehi… aniccena viññāṇena dukkhena vipariṇāmadhammena ‘seyyohamasmī’tipi na samanupassanti; ‘sadisohamasmī’tipi na samanupassanti; ‘hīnohamasmī’tipi na samanupassanti; kimaññatra yathābhūtassa dassanā?
270“索诺,你如何认为呢?色是常的,还是无常的呢?”
“是无常的,尊者。”
“凡是无常的,是苦还是乐呢?”
“是苦,尊者。”
“那么,对于无常、苦、必然变易的法,适合这样看待:‘这是我的,这是我,这是我的自我’吗?”
“不适合,尊者。”
“受是常的,还是无常的呢?”
“无常的,尊者。”……
“想……行……识是常的,还是无常的呢?”
“是无常的,尊者。”
“凡是无常的,是苦还是乐呢?”
“是苦,尊者。”
“那么,对于无常、苦、必然变易的法,适合这样看待:‘这是我的,这是我,这是我的自我’吗?”
“不适合,尊者。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, soṇa, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’… ‘‘saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
271因此,索纳,对于任何色——无论是过去的、未来的、现在的,内在的或外在的,粗大的或微细的,低劣的或殊胜的,远的或近的——一切色都应当以正慧如实观察为:'这不是我的,我不是这个,这不是我的自我。'
‘‘Tasmātiha , soṇa, yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ.
272对于任何受……对于任何想……对于任何行……对于任何识——无论是过去的、未来的、现在的,内在的或外在的,粗大的或微细的,低劣的或殊胜的,远的或近的——一切识都应当以正慧如实观察为:'这不是我的,我不是这个,这不是我的自我。'
‘‘Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ.
273索那,如此见者,多闻圣弟子于色亦厌离,于受亦厌离,于想亦厌离,于诸行亦厌离,于识亦厌离。厌离者则离染,由离染而解脱。于解脱则有『已解脱』之智。他了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在。』」第七经。
‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, soṇa, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
2748. 第二索那经
8. Dutiyasoṇasuttaṃ
2758. 第二索那经
8. Dutiyasoṇasuttaṃ
50如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠养饵所。时,索那居士子前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊对坐于一旁的索那居士子如此说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho soṇo gahapatiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho soṇaṃ gahapatiputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
277「索那,凡任何沙门或婆罗门不了知色,不了知色集,不了知色灭,不了知导向色灭之道;不了知受,不了知受集,不了知受灭,不了知导向受灭之道;不了知想……不了知诸行,不了知行集,不了知行灭,不了知导向行灭之道;不了知识,不了知识集,不了知识灭,不了知导向识灭之道。索那,对我而言,这些沙门或婆罗门既不被认为是沙门中的沙门,也不被认为是婆罗门中的婆罗门,而且那些具寿者也不能于现法自己以证智作证、具足沙门义或婆罗门义而住。」
‘‘Ye hi keci, soṇa, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā rūpaṃ nappajānanti, rūpasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, rūpanirodhaṃ nappajānanti, rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti; vedanaṃ nappajānanti, vedanāsamudayaṃ nappajānanti, vedanānirodhaṃ nappajānanti, vedanānirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti; saññaṃ nappajānanti…pe… saṅkhāre nappajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti; viññāṇaṃ nappajānanti, viññāṇasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, viññāṇanirodhaṃ nappajānanti, viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti. Na me te, soṇa, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā, na ca pana te āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti.
278「索那,凡任何沙门或婆罗门了知色,了知色集,了知色灭,了知导向色灭之道;了知受……了知想……了知诸行……了知识,了知识集,了知识灭,了知导向识灭之道。索那,对我而言,这些沙门或婆罗门既被认为是沙门中的沙门,也被认为是婆罗门中的婆罗门,而且那些具寿者也能于现法自己以证智作证、具足沙门义与婆罗门义而住。」第八经。
‘‘Ye ca kho keci, soṇa, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā rūpaṃ pajānanti , rūpasamudayaṃ pajānanti, rūpanirodhaṃ pajānanti, rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti; vedanaṃ pajānanti…pe… saññaṃ pajānanti… saṅkhāre pajānanti… viññāṇaṃ pajānanti, viññāṇasamudayaṃ pajānanti, viññāṇanirodhaṃ pajānanti, viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti. Te ca kho me, soṇa, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā, te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
2799. 欢喜灭尽经
9. Nandikkhayasuttaṃ
51舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,比丘见无常的色为无常。这是他的正见。正见者则厌离。由喜尽则贪尽,由贪尽则喜尽。由喜贪尽,心被称为解脱、善解脱。诸比丘,比丘见无常的受为无常。这是他的正见。正见者则厌离。由喜尽则贪尽,由贪尽则喜尽。由喜贪尽,心被称为解脱、善解脱。诸比丘,比丘见无常的想为无常……诸比丘,比丘见无常的诸行为无常。这是他的正见。正见者则厌离。由喜尽则贪尽,由贪尽则喜尽。由喜贪尽,心被称为解脱、善解脱。诸比丘,比丘见无常的识为无常。这是他的正见。正见者则厌离。由喜尽则贪尽,由贪尽则喜尽。由喜贪尽,心被称为解脱、善解脱。」第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Aniccaññeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaṃ aniccanti passati. Sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Sammā passaṃ nibbindati. Nandikkhayā rāgakkhayo, rāgakkhayā nandikkhayo. Nandirāgakkhayā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ suvimuttanti vuccati. Aniccaññeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vedanaṃ aniccanti passati. Sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Sammā passaṃ nibbindati. Nandikkhayā rāgakkhayo, rāgakkhayā nandikkhayo. Nandirāgakkhayā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ suvimuttanti vuccati. Anicceyeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saññaṃ aniccanti passati…pe… anicceyeva bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅkhāre aniccāti passati. Sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Sammā passaṃ nibbindati. Nandikkhayā rāgakkhayo, rāgakkhayā nandikkhayo. Nandirāgakkhayā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ suvimuttanti vuccati. Aniccaññeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhu viññāṇaṃ aniccanti passati. Sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Sammā passaṃ nibbindati. Nandikkhayā rāgakkhayo, rāgakkhayā nandikkhayo. Nandirāgakkhayā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ suvimuttanti vuccatī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
28110. 第二欢喜灭尽经
10. Dutiyanandikkhayasuttaṃ
52舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,应如理作意色,应如实随观色无常性。诸比丘,比丘如理作意色,如实随观色无常性者,于色厌离。由喜尽则贪尽,由贪尽则喜尽。由喜贪尽,心被称为解脱、善解脱。诸比丘,应如理作意受,应如实随观受无常性。诸比丘,比丘如理作意受,如实随观受无常性者,于受厌离。由喜尽则贪尽,由贪尽则喜尽。由喜贪尽,心被称为解脱、善解脱。诸比丘,想……诸比丘,应如理作意诸行,应如实随观行无常性。诸比丘,比丘如理作意诸行,如实随观行无常性者,于诸行厌离。由喜尽则贪尽,由贪尽则喜尽。由喜贪尽,心被称为解脱、善解脱。诸比丘,应如理作意识,应如实随观识无常性。诸比丘,比丘如理作意识,如实随观识无常性者,于识厌离。由喜尽则贪尽,由贪尽则喜尽。由喜贪尽,心被称为解脱、善解脱。」第十经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Rūpaṃ , bhikkhave, yoniso manasi karotha, rūpāniccatañca yathābhūtaṃ samanupassatha. Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yoniso manasi karonto, rūpāniccatañca yathābhūtaṃ samanupassanto rūpasmiṃ nibbindati. Nandikkhayā rāgakkhayo, rāgakkhayā nandikkhayo. Nandirāgakkhayā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ suvimuttanti vuccati. Vedanaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasi karotha, vedanāniccatañca yathābhūtaṃ samanupassatha. Vedanaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yoniso manasi karonto, vedanāniccatañca yathābhūtaṃ samanupassanto vedanāya nibbindati. Nandikkhayā rāgakkhayo, rāgakkhayā nandikkhayo. Nandirāgakkhayā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ suvimuttanti vuccati. Saññaṃ bhikkhave… saṅkhāre, bhikkhave, yoniso manasi karotha, saṅkhārāniccatañca yathābhūtaṃ samanupassatha. Saṅkhāre, bhikkhave , bhikkhu yoniso manasi karonto, saṅkhārāniccataṃ yathābhūtaṃ samanupassanto saṅkhāresu nibbindati. Nandikkhayā rāgakkhayo, rāgakkhayā nandikkhayo. Nandirāgakkhayā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ suvimuttanti vuccati. Viññāṇaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasi karotha, viññāṇāniccatañca yathābhūtaṃ samanupassatha. Viññāṇaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yoniso manasi karonto, viññāṇāniccatañca yathābhūtaṃ samanupassanto viññāṇasmiṃ nibbindati. Nandikkhayā rāgakkhayo, rāgakkhayā nandikkhayo. Nandirāgakkhayā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ suvimuttanti vuccatī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
283以自己为岛品第五
Attadīpavaggo pañcamo.
284其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
285其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
286以自己为岛、修行之路,以及两个关于无常的教导;
Attadīpā paṭipadā, dve ca honti aniccatā;
287随观和诸蕴,还有两个所那经和两个以欢喜灭尽为结尾的教导。
Samanupassanā khandhā, dve soṇā dve nandikkhayena cāti.
288根本五十完
Mūlapaṇṇāsako samatto.
289根本五十篇经的品之摄颂是:
Tassa mūlapaṇṇāsakassa vagguddānaṃ –
290那拘罗父、无常,以及重担、不是你们的;
Nakulapitā anicco ca, bhāro natumhākena ca;
291以自为洲之五十,称为第一。
Attadīpena paññāso, paṭhamo tena pavuccatīti.
2926. 执取品
6. Upayavaggo
2931. 执取经
1. Upayasuttaṃ
2946. 执取品
6. Upayavaggo
2951. 执取经
1. Upayasuttaṃ
53源自舍卫城。
“比丘们,有执取,就不会解脱;没有执取,就会解脱。比丘们,当识生起并持续时,它可能会依止于色、以色为所缘、以色为立足处,并以喜乐浇灌,从而增长、增广、广大。或者,比丘们,当识生起并持续时,它可能会依止于受……或者依止于想……或者,比丘们,当识生起并持续时,它可能会依止于行、以行为所缘、以行为立足处,并以喜乐浇灌,从而增长、增广、广大。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Upayo , bhikkhave, avimutto, anupayo vimutto. Rūpupayaṃ vā, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭheyya, rūpārammaṇaṃ rūpappatiṭṭhaṃ nandūpasecanaṃ vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyya. Vedanupayaṃ vā…pe… saññupayaṃ vā…pe… saṅkhārupayaṃ vā, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭheyya, saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ saṅkhārappatiṭṭhaṃ nandūpasecanaṃ vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyya’’.
297“比丘们,如果有人这样说:‘我将在色之外、在受之外、在想之外、在行之外,去安立识的来、去、死灭、再生、增长、增广或广大。’这是不可能的。”
‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahamaññatra rūpā aññatra vedanāya aññatra saññāya aññatra saṅkhārehi viññāṇassa āgatiṃ vā gatiṃ vā cutiṃ vā upapattiṃ vā vuddhiṃ vā virūḷhiṃ vā vepullaṃ vā paññāpessāmī’ti, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
298“比丘们,如果一位比丘断除了对色界的贪爱。由于贪爱的断除,所缘被切断,识就没有了立足处。比丘们,如果一位比丘断除了对受界……比丘们,如果一位比丘对想界……比丘们,如果一位比丘对行界……比丘们,如果一位比丘断除了对识界的贪爱。由于贪爱的断除,所缘被切断,识就没有了立足处。那个没有立足处的识,没有增长,没有造作,便得解脱。因为解脱,所以安住。因为安住,所以满足。因为满足,他就不恐惧。不恐惧的人,自己便证入般涅槃。他确知:‘生已灭尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不会再有来生。’”
第一经。
‘‘Rūpadhātuyā ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno rāgo pahīno hoti. Rāgassa pahānā vocchijjatārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Vedanādhātuyā ce, bhikkhave… saññādhātuyā ce bhikkhave… saṅkhāradhātuyā ce bhikkhave… viññāṇadhātuyā ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno rāgo pahīno hoti. Rāgassa pahānā vocchijjatārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Tadappatiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ anabhisaṅkhaccavimuttaṃ . Vimuttattā ṭhitaṃ. Ṭhitattā santusitaṃ. Santusitattā na paritassati. Aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2992. 种子经
2. Bījasuttaṃ
3002. 种子经
2. Bījasuttaṃ
54舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!有此等五种种子类。哪五种?根种子、茎种子、节种子、自落种子、种子种子为第五。诸比丘!若此等五种种子类完整、未腐坏、未被风热所损、有种性、善藏,但无地,也无水;诸比丘!此等五种种子类能达到增长、生长、广大吗?」「不能,尊者!」「诸比丘!若此等五种种子类完整……善藏,有地,也有水;诸比丘!此等五种种子类能达到增长、生长、广大吗?」「是的,尊者!」「诸比丘!犹如地界,应如是见四识住。诸比丘!犹如水界,应如是见喜贪。诸比丘!犹如五种种子类,应如是见有食的识。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, bījajātāni. Katamāni pañca? Mūlabījaṃ, khandhabījaṃ, aggabījaṃ, phalubījaṃ, bījabījaññeva pañcamaṃ. Imāni cassu, bhikkhave , pañca bījajātāni akhaṇḍāni apūtikāni avātātapahatāni sārādāni sukhasayitāni, pathavī ca nāssa, āpo ca nāssa; api numāni , bhikkhave, pañca bījajātāni vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyyu’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Imāni cassu, bhikkhave, pañca bījajātāni akhaṇḍāni…pe… sukhasayitāni, pathavī ca assa, āpo ca assa; api numāni, bhikkhave, pañca bījajātāni vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyyu’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātu, evaṃ catasso viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo daṭṭhabbā. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, āpodhātu, evaṃ nandirāgo daṭṭhabbo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pañca bījajātāni, evaṃ viññāṇaṃ sāhāraṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ’’.
302「诸比丘!依止于色的识若住立,它会住立,以色为所缘,以色为立足处,以喜为灌溉,达到增长、生长、广大。诸比丘!或依止于受的识若住立,它会住立……诸比丘!或依止于想的识若住立,它会住立……诸比丘!或依止于行的识若住立,它会住立,以行为所缘,以行为立足处,以喜为灌溉,达到增长、生长、广大。
‘‘Rūpupayaṃ , bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭheyya , rūpārammaṇaṃ rūpappatiṭṭhaṃ nandūpasecanaṃ vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyya. Vedanupayaṃ vā, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭheyya…pe… saññupayaṃ vā, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭheyya…pe… saṅkhārupayaṃ vā, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭheyya, saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ saṅkhārappatiṭṭhaṃ nandūpasecanaṃ vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyya.
303「诸比丘,若有人这样说:『我将施设离色、离受、离想、离行的识的来、去、死、生、增长、增大、广大』,这是不可能的。
‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahamaññatra rūpā aññatra vedanāya aññatra saññāya aññatra saṅkhārehi viññāṇassa āgatiṃ vā gatiṃ vā cutiṃ vā upapattiṃ vā vuddhiṃ vā virūḷhiṃ vā vepullaṃ vā paññāpessāmī’ti, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
304「诸比丘!若比丘已断除对色界的贪,由于贪的断除,识的所缘被切断,识无立足处。若对受界……若对想界……若对行界……诸比丘!若比丘已断除对识界的贪,由于贪的断除,识的所缘被切断,识无立足处。该无立足处的识不增长,由于不造作而解脱。由于解脱而稳固。由于稳固而满足。由于满足而不战栗。不战栗者,他自己般涅槃。他了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在。』」第二经。
‘‘Rūpadhātuyā ceva, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno rāgo pahīno hoti. Rāgassa pahānā vocchijjatārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Vedanādhātuyā ce… saññādhātuyā ce… saṅkhāradhātuyā ce… viññāṇadhātuyā ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno rāgo pahīno hoti. Rāgassa pahānā vocchijjatārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Tadappatiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ anabhisaṅkhaccavimuttaṃ. Vimuttattā ṭhitaṃ. Ṭhitattā santusitaṃ. Santusitattā na paritassati. Aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
3053. 自说经
3. Udānasuttaṃ
3063. 自说经
3. Udānasuttaṃ
55舍卫城因缘。于此,世尊说此优陀那:「『我将不有,它将不是我的;我将不存在,它将不是我的。』如此胜解的比丘会断除下分结。」如是所说时,某位比丘对世尊如此说:「世尊!然而如何『我将不有,它将不是我的;我将不存在,它将不是我的。』如此胜解的比丘会断除下分结呢?」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tatra kho bhagavā udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’ti – evaṃ adhimuccamāno bhikkhu chindeyya orambhāgiyāni saṃyojanānī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’ti – evaṃ adhimuccamāno bhikkhu chindeyya orambhāgiyāni saṃyojanānī’’ti?
308「比丘!于此,未受教导的凡夫,不见诸圣者……未受善人法的训练,随观色为我,或随观我拥有色;或随观我中有色,或随观色中有我。受……想……行……随观识为我,或随观我拥有识;或随观我中有识,或随观识中有我。
‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī…pe… sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ.
309「他没真正了知无常的色为『色是无常的』,没真正了知无常的受为『受是无常的』,没真正了知无常的想为『想是无常的』,没真正了知无常的诸行为『诸行是无常的』,没真正了知无常的识为『识是无常的』。
‘‘So aniccaṃ rūpaṃ ‘aniccaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, aniccaṃ vedanaṃ ‘aniccā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, aniccaṃ saññaṃ ‘aniccā saññā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, anicce saṅkhāre ‘aniccā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, aniccaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘aniccaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
310对于‘色是苦’,他不如实知道‘色是苦’;对于‘受是苦’……对于‘想是苦’……对于‘行是苦’……对于‘识是苦’,他不如实知道‘识是苦’。
‘‘Dukkhaṃ rūpaṃ ‘dukkhaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ… dukkhaṃ saññaṃ… dukkhe saṅkhāre… dukkhaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘dukkhaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
311对于‘色是无我’,他不如实知道‘色是无我’;对于‘受是无我’……对于‘想是无我’……对于‘行是无我’……对于‘识是无我’,他不如实知道‘识是无我’。
‘‘Anattaṃ rūpaṃ ‘anattā rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, anattaṃ vedanaṃ ‘anattā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, anattaṃ saññaṃ ‘anattā saññā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, anatte saṅkhāre ‘anattā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, anattaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘anattā viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
312对于‘色是有为的’,他不如实知道‘色是有为的’;对于‘受是有为的’……对于‘想是有为的’……对于‘行是有为的’……对于‘识是有为的’,他不如实知道‘识是有为的’。
‘‘Saṅkhataṃ rūpaṃ ‘saṅkhataṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti, saṅkhataṃ vedanaṃ… saṅkhataṃ saññaṃ… saṅkhate saṅkhāre… saṅkhataṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘saṅkhataṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Rūpaṃ vibhavissatīti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vedanā vibhavissati… saññā vibhavissati… saṅkhārā vibhavissanti… viññāṇaṃ vibhavissatīti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
313可是,比丘,多闻的圣弟子,见过圣者,通晓圣法,在圣法中得到良好训练;见过善士,通晓善士法,在善士法中得到良好训练,他不将色视为我……乃至……不将受……不将想……不将行……不将识视为我。
‘‘Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhu, ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati…pe… na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati.
314他按实际情况了知无常的色是‘无常的色’。按实际情况了知无常的受……无常的想……无常的行……无常的识是‘无常的识’。按实际情况了知苦的色……乃至……苦的识;无我的色……乃至……无我的识;有为的色……乃至……有为的识是‘有为的识’。他按实际情况了知‘色将会坏灭’。按实际情况了知‘受’……‘想’……‘行’……‘识将会坏灭’。
‘‘So aniccaṃ rūpaṃ ‘aniccaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Aniccaṃ vedanaṃ… aniccaṃ saññaṃ… anicce saṅkhāre… aniccaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘aniccaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Dukkhaṃ rūpaṃ…pe… dukkhaṃ viññāṇaṃ… anattaṃ rūpaṃ…pe… anattaṃ viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhataṃ rūpaṃ…pe… saṅkhataṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘saṅkhataṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Rūpaṃ vibhavissatīti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ vibhavissatīti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.
315「比丘,由于色的坏灭、受的坏灭、想的坏灭、诸行的坏灭、识的坏灭,如此胜解『我将不存在,我将不拥有;我将不会存在,我将不会拥有』的比丘,将断除五下分结。」「尊者,如此胜解的比丘将断除五下分结。」
‘‘So rūpassa vibhavā, vedanāya vibhavā, saññā vibhavā, saṅkhārānaṃ vibhavā, viññāṇassa vibhavā, evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’ti – evaṃ adhimuccamāno bhikkhu chindeyya orambhāgiyāni saṃyojanānī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ adhimuccamāno, bhante, bhikkhu chindeyya orambhāgiyāni saṃyojanānī’’ti.
316「然而,尊者,如何知、如何见,能无间断尽诸漏?」「比丘,于此,未受教导的凡夫在不应恐惧之处陷入恐惧。比丘,这是未受教导的凡夫的恐惧——『我将不存在,我将不拥有;我将不会存在,我将不会拥有』。」
‘‘Kathaṃ pana, bhante, jānato kathaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, assutavā puthujjano atasitāye ṭhāne tāsaṃ āpajjati. Tāso heso bhikkhu assutavato puthujjanassa – ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’’’ti.
317「然而,比丘,多闻的圣弟子在不应恐惧之处不陷入恐惧。比丘,这不是多闻的圣弟子的恐惧——『我将不存在,我将不拥有;我将不会存在,我将不会拥有』。比丘,依色而住的识若住立,它将以色为所缘、以色为立足处、以喜悦为灌溉,达到增长、增广、增大。比丘,依受而住的……依想而住的……比丘,依行而住的识若住立,它将以行为所缘、以行为立足处、以喜悦为灌溉,达到增长、增广、增大。
‘‘Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhu, ariyasāvako atasitāye ṭhāne na tāsaṃ āpajjati. Na heso , bhikkhu, tāso sutavato ariyasāvakassa – ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’ti. Rūpupayaṃ vā, bhikkhu, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭheyya, rūpārammaṇaṃ rūpappatiṭṭhaṃ nandūpasecanaṃ vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyya. Vedanupayaṃ vā, bhikkhu… saññupayaṃ vā, bhikkhu… saṅkhārupayaṃ vā, bhikkhu, viññāṇaṃ tiṭṭhamānaṃ tiṭṭheyya, saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ saṅkhārappatiṭṭhaṃ nandūpasecanaṃ vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyya.
318「若比丘如是说:『我将施设离于色、离于受、离于想、离于诸行的识之来、去、死、生、增长、增大、增广。』无有此处。」
‘‘Yo bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahamaññatra rūpā, aññatra vedanāya, aññatra saññāya, aññatra saṅkhārehi viññāṇassa āgatiṃ vā gatiṃ vā cutiṃ vā upapattiṃ vā vuddhiṃ vā virūḷhiṃ vā vepullaṃ vā paññāpessāmī’ti, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
319「比丘,若比丘对色界的贪已断,由于贪的断除,所缘被切断,识无立足处。比丘,若比丘对受界……对想界……对行界……对识界的贪已断,由于贪的断除,所缘被切断,识无立足处。彼无立足之识不增长、无行、解脱。由于解脱而住立,由于住立而知足,由于知足而不战栗。不战栗者,他自己般涅槃。他了知:『生已尽……不再有此存在。』比丘,如此知、如此见者,即刻诸漏尽。」第三经。
‘‘Rūpadhātuyā ce, bhikkhu, bhikkhuno rāgo pahīno hoti. Rāgassa pahānā vocchijjatārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Vedanādhātuyā ce, bhikkhu, bhikkhuno… saññādhātuyā ce, bhikkhu, bhikkhuno… saṅkhāradhātuyā ce, bhikkhu, bhikkhuno… viññāṇadhātuyā ce, bhikkhu, bhikkhuno rāgo pahīno hoti. Rāgassa pahānā vocchijjatārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Tadappatiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ anabhisaṅkhārañca vimuttaṃ. Vimuttattā ṭhitaṃ. Ṭhitattā santusitaṃ. Santusitattā na paritassati. Aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, jānato evaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hotī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
3204. 取转经
4. Upādānaparipavattasuttaṃ
56舍卫城因缘。 “比丘们,有这五种取蕴。哪五种呢?就是色取蕴……识取蕴。比丘们,当圣弟子如实地了知这五种取蕴的集起、灭去、乐味、过患和出离时,比丘们,这位圣弟子就被称为入流者,不再堕恶道,必定趋向正觉。” 第七经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, upādānakkhandhā. Katame pañca? Rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho , saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Yāvakīvañcāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ime pañcupādānakkhandhe catuparivaṭṭaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nābbhaññāsiṃ, neva tāvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṃ. Yato ca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ime pañcupādānakkhandhe catuparivaṭṭaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ , athāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke…pe… sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṃ’’.
322什么是‘四转’呢?我彻底了知了色,彻底了知了色的集起,彻底了知了色的灭去,彻底了知了导向色灭去的行道;我彻底了知了受……彻底了知了想……彻底了知了行……彻底了知了识,彻底了知了识的集起,彻底了知了识的灭去,彻底了知了导向识灭去的行道。
‘‘Kathañca catuparivaṭṭaṃ? Rūpaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, rūpasamudayaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, rūpanirodhaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, viññāṇasamudayaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, viññāṇanirodhaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ.
323比丘们,什么是色呢?四大种以及依靠四大种而有的色,比丘们,这就叫做色。由于食物的集起,而有色的集起;由于食物的灭去,而有色的灭去。正是这条八圣道,是导向色灭去的行道,也就是:正见……(中略)……正定。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ? Cattāro ca mahābhūtā catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya rūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ. Āhārasamudayā rūpasamudayo; āhāranirodhā rūpanirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo rūpanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
324比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门,像这样如实了知色,如实了知色的集起,如实了知色的灭尽,如实了知通向色灭之道;像这样如实了知色的味,如实了知色的患,如实了知色的离,为着对色生厌、离欲、灭尽而修行的,他们是善行道者。凡是善行道者,就在这法与律中能安立。
‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ rūpaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpanirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipannā, te suppaṭipannā. Ye suppaṭipannā, te imasmiṃ dhammavinaye gādhanti.
325比丘们,而任何沙门或婆罗门,像这样如实了知识,如实了知识的集起,如实了知识的灭尽,如实了知通向识灭之道,因对识厌离、离欲、灭尽、无取着而解脱,他们是善解脱者。凡是善解脱者,就是完全者。凡是完全者,对他们而言,再没有轮回的施设了。第四经。
‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ rūpaṃ abhiññāya…pe… evaṃ rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya, rūpassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimuttā te suvimuttā. Ye suvimuttā te kevalino. Ye kevalino vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya.
326比丘们,什么是受?比丘们,有这六种受之聚集:眼触所生的受……乃至……意触所生的受。比丘们,这称为受。由于触的集起而有受的集起;由于触的灭而有受的灭。正是这八支圣道,是导致受灭的道路,也就是:正见……乃至……正定。
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, vedanā? Chayime, bhikkhave, vedanākāyā – cakkhusamphassajā vedanā, sotasamphassajā vedanā, ghānasamphassajā vedanā, jivhāsamphassajā vedanā, kāyasamphassajā vedanā, manosamphassajā vedanā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, vedanā. Phassasamudayā vedanāsamudayo; phassanirodhā vedanānirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo vedanānirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
327「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如此证知受,如此证知受集,如此证知受灭,如此证知导向受灭之道,为了受的厌离、离贪、灭而行道者,他们是善行道者。凡善行道者,他们在此法与律中得立足处。」
‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ vedanaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ vedanāsamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ vedanānirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ vedanānirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya vedanāya nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipannā, te suppaṭipannā. Ye suppaṭipannā, te imasmiṃ dhammavinaye gādhanti.
328「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如此证知受……如此证知导向受灭之道……他们没有轮回可施设。」
‘‘Ye ca kho keci , bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ vedanaṃ abhiññāya…pe… evaṃ vedanānirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya…pe… vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya.
329「诸比丘,什么是想?诸比丘,有此六想身——色想、声想、香想、味想、触想、法想。诸比丘,这称为想。由触集而有想集;由触灭而有想灭。此八支圣道即是导向想灭之道,即是:正见……正定……他们没有轮回可施设。」
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, saññā? Chayime, bhikkhave, saññākāyā – rūpasaññā, saddasaññā, gandhasaññā, rasasaññā, phoṭṭhabbasaññā, dhammasaññā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, saññā. Phassasamudayā saññāsamudayo; phassanirodhā saññānirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saññānirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi…pe… vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya.
330比丘们,什么是行呢?比丘们,有这六种思的群体:对色的思、对声的思、对香的思、对味的思、对所触的思、对法的思。比丘们,这些就叫做行。以触的生起而有行的生起;以触的息灭而有行的息灭。正是这条八支圣道,是导向行息灭的修行道路,也就是:正见……(中略)……正定。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā? Chayime, bhikkhave, cetanākāyā – rūpasañcetanā, saddasañcetanā, gandhasañcetanā, rasasañcetanā, phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā, dhammasañcetanā. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā. Phassasamudayā saṅkhārasamudayo; phassanirodhā saṅkhāranirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅkhāranirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
331「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如此证知诸行,如此证知行集,如此证知行灭,如此证知导向行灭之道,为了诸行的厌离、离贪、灭而行道者,他们是善行道者。凡善行道者,他们在此法与律中得立足处。」
‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ saṅkhāre abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhārasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya saṅkhārānaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipannā, te suppaṭipannā. Ye suppaṭipannā, te imasmiṃ dhammavinaye gādhanti.
332「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如此证知诸行,如此证知行集,如此证知行灭,如此证知导向行灭之道,由于诸行的厌离、离贪、灭,以不执取而解脱者,他们是善解脱者。凡善解脱者,他们是完全者。凡完全者,他们没有轮回可施设。」
‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ saṅkhāre abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhārasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya saṅkhārānaṃ nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimuttā, te suvimuttā. Ye suvimuttā, te kevalino. Ye kevalino vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya.
333比丘们,什么是识呢?比丘们,有这六种识的群体:眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识、意识。比丘们,这就叫做识。以名色的生起而有识的生起;以名色的息灭而有识的息灭。正是这条八支圣道,是导向识息灭的修行道路,也就是:正见……(中略)……正定。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ? Chayime, bhikkhave, viññāṇakāyā – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ, manoviññāṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ. Nāmarūpasamudayā viññāṇasamudayo; nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo viññāṇanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
334「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如此证知识,如此证知识集,如此证知识灭,如此证知导向识灭之道,为了识的厌离、离贪、灭而行道者,他们是善行道者。凡善行道者,他们在此法与律中得立足处。」
‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ viññāṇaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇanirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya viññāṇassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipannā, te suppaṭipannā. Ye suppaṭipannā, te imasmiṃ dhammavinaye gādhanti.
335「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如此遍知识,如此遍知识集,如此遍知识灭,如此遍知导向识灭之道,由于对识的厌离、离贪、灭、不执取而解脱,他们是善解脱者。凡善解脱者,他们是完成者。凡完成者,他们没有轮转可施设。」第四。
‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ viññāṇaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇanirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya viññāṇassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimuttā, te suvimuttā. Ye suvimuttā, te kevalino. Ye kevalino vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāyā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
3365. 七处经
5. Sattaṭṭhānasuttaṃ
57在舍卫城。比丘们,具足七处善巧、以三种方式审察的比丘,在这法与律中被称为完全者、梵行已立者、最上人。比丘们,比丘怎样是具足七处善巧的呢?比丘们,这里,比丘了知色,了知色的集起,了知色的灭尽,了知通向色灭之道;了知色的味,了知色的患,了知色的离。了知受……了知想……了知行……了知识,了知识的集起,了知识的灭尽,了知通向识灭之道;了知识的味,了知识的患,了知识的离。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Sattaṭṭhānakusalo, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tividhūpaparikkhī imasmiṃ dhammavinaye kevalī vusitavā uttamapurisoti vuccati. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sattaṭṭhānakusalo hoti? Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaṃ pajānāti, rūpasamudayaṃ pajānāti, rūpanirodhaṃ pajānāti, rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti; rūpassa assādaṃ pajānāti, rūpassa ādīnavaṃ pajānāti, rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ pajānāti; vedanaṃ pajānāti … saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ pajānāti, viññāṇasamudayaṃ pajānāti, viññāṇanirodhaṃ pajānāti, viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti; viññāṇassa assādaṃ pajānāti, viññāṇassa ādīnavaṃ pajānāti, viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ pajānāti.
338比丘们,什么是色呢?四大和四大所造色,比丘们,这叫做色。以食的集起而有色的集起;以食的灭尽而有色的灭尽。这八支圣道就是通向色灭之道,也就是:正见……乃至……正定。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ? Cattāro ca mahābhūtā, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya rūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ. Āhārasamudayā rūpasamudayo; āhāranirodhā rūpanirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo rūpanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
339凡是依于色而生起的快乐、喜悦,这是色的味。色是无常的、苦的、变易的法,这是色的患。对于色的欲贪的调伏、对于欲贪的断除,这是色的离。
‘‘Yaṃ rūpaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ – ayaṃ rūpassa assādo. Yaṃ rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ – ayaṃ rūpassa ādīnavo. Yo rūpasmiṃ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ – idaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ.
340「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如此遍知色,如此遍知色集,如此遍知色灭,如此遍知导向色灭之道;如此遍知色的味,如此遍知色的患,如此遍知色的出离,为了对色的厌离、离贪、灭而行道,他们是善行道者。凡善行道者,他们在此法与律中得立足处。
‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ rūpaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpanirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya; evaṃ rūpassa assādaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpassa ādīnavaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ abhiññāya rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipannā, te suppaṭipannā. Ye suppaṭipannā, te imasmiṃ dhammavinaye gādhanti.
341「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如此遍知色,如此遍知色集,如此遍知色灭,如此遍知导向色灭之道;如此遍知色的味,如此遍知色的患,如此遍知色的出离,由于对色的厌离、离贪、灭、不执取而解脱,他们是善解脱者。凡善解脱者,他们是完成者。凡完成者,他们没有轮转可施设。
‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ rūpaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpanirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya; evaṃ rūpassa assādaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpassa ādīnavaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ abhiññāya rūpassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimuttā, te suvimuttā. Ye suvimuttā, te kevalino. Ye kevalino vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya.
342「诸比丘,什么是受?诸比丘,有此六受身——眼触所生受……乃至……意触所生受。诸比丘,这被称为受。由触集而有受集;由触灭而有受灭。此八支圣道即是导向受灭之道,即是:正见……乃至……正定。
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, vedanā? Chayime, bhikkhave, vedanākāyā – cakkhusamphassajā vedanā…pe… manosamphassajā vedanā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, vedanā. Phassasamudayā vedanāsamudayo; phassanirodhā vedanānirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo vedanānirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
343依赖这受而生起的乐、喜悦,这是受的乐味。这受是无常、苦、变易之法,这是受的过患。调伏对受的欲贪、断除对受的欲贪,这是受的出离。
‘‘Yaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ – ayaṃ vedanāya assādo. Yā vedanā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā – ayaṃ vedanāya ādīnavo. Yo vedanāya chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ – idaṃ vedanāya nissaraṇaṃ.
344比丘们,那些沙门或婆罗门,这样以胜智了知受,这样以胜智了知受的集起,这样以胜智了知受的灭,这样以胜智了知导致受灭的道路;这样以胜智了知受的乐味,这样以胜智了知受的过患,这样以胜智了知受的出离之后,为了厌离受、为了离欲、为了灭尽而修行,他们是善修行者。那些善修行者,他们稳稳立足于这法、律之中。
‘‘Ye hi, keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ vedanaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ vedanāsamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ vedanānirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ vedanānirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya; evaṃ vedanāya assādaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ vedanāya ādīnavaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ vedanāya nissaraṇaṃ abhiññāya vedanāya nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipannā, te suppaṭipannā. Ye suppaṭipannā, te imasmiṃ dhammavinaye gādhanti.
345「诸比丘,任何沙门或婆罗门,如此证知受……(中略)……他们没有轮回可施设。」
‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ vedanaṃ abhiññāya…pe… vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya.
346「诸比丘,什么是想?诸比丘,有此六想身——色想、声想、香想、味想、触想、法想。诸比丘,这称为想。触集故想集;触灭故想灭。此八支圣道即是导向想灭之道,即是:正见……(中略)……正定……(中略)……他们没有轮回可施设。」
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, saññā? Chayime, bhikkhave, saññākāyā – rūpasaññā, saddasaññā, gandhasaññā, rasasaññā, phoṭṭhabbasaññā, dhammasaññā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, saññā. Phassasamudayā saññāsamudayo; phassanirodhā saññānirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saññānirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi…pe… vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya.
347「诸比丘,什么是诸行?诸比丘,有此六思身——色思、声思、香思、味思、触思、法思。诸比丘,这些称为诸行。触集故行集;触灭故行灭。此八支圣道即是导向行灭之道,即是:正见……(中略)……正定。」
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā? Chayime, bhikkhave, cetanākāyā – rūpasañcetanā, saddasañcetanā, gandhasañcetanā, rasasañcetanā, phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā, dhammasañcetanā. Ime vuccanti bhikkhave , saṅkhārā. Phassasamudayā saṅkhārasamudayo; phassanirodhā saṅkhāranirodho . Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅkhāranirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
348缘于行而生起的快乐与喜悦,这是行上的享受。行是无常的、苦的、是变易法,这是行上的过患。在行上对欲贪的调伏、对欲贪的舍断,这是行上的出离。
‘‘Yaṃ saṅkhāre paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ – ayaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ assādo. Ye saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā – ayaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavo. Yo saṅkhāresu chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ – idaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ.
349「诸比丘,任何沙门或婆罗门,如此证知诸行,如此证知行集,如此证知行灭,如此证知导向行灭之道……(中略)……行道于诸行之厌离、离贪、灭,他们是善行道者。凡善行道者,他们在此法与律中得立足处……(中略)……他们没有轮回可施设。」
‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ saṅkhāre abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhārasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya…pe… saṅkhārānaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipannā te suppaṭipannā. Ye suppaṭipannā, te imasmiṃ dhammavinaye gādhanti…pe… vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya.
350「诸比丘,什么是识?诸比丘,有此六识身——眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识、意识。诸比丘,这称为识。名色集故识集;名色灭故识灭。此八支圣道即是导向识灭之道,即是:正见……(中略)……正定。」
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ? Chayime, bhikkhave, viññāṇakāyā – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ, manoviññāṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ. Nāmarūpasamudayā viññāṇasamudayo; nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo viññāṇanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
351缘于识而生起的快乐与喜悦,这是识上的享受。识是无常的、苦的、是变易法,这是识上的过患。在识上对欲贪的调伏、对欲贪的舍断,这是识上的出离。
‘‘Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ – ayaṃ viññāṇassa assādo. Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ – ayaṃ viññāṇassa ādīnavo. Yo viññāṇasmiṃ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ – idaṃ viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ.
352「诸比丘,任何沙门或婆罗门,如此证知识,如此证知识集,如此证知识灭,如此证知导向识灭之道;如此证知识之味,如此证知识之患,如此证知识之离,为了对识的厌离、离贪、灭而行道者,他们是善行道者。凡善行道者,他们在此法与律中得立足处。」
‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ viññāṇaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇanirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya; evaṃ viññāṇassa assādaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇassa ādīnavaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ abhiññāya viññāṇassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipannā, te suppaṭipannā. Ye suppaṭipannā, te imasmiṃ dhammavinaye gādhanti.
353「诸比丘,凡任何沙门或婆罗门,如是证知识,如是证知识集,如是证知识灭,如是证知导向识灭之道;如是证知识的味,如是证知识的患,如是证知识的离,由于对识的厌离、离欲、灭尽、不执取而解脱,他们是善解脱者。善解脱者是完成者。对于完成者,没有轮回可施设。诸比丘,比丘如是善巧七处。
‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā evaṃ viññāṇaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇasamudayaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇanirodhaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhiññāya; evaṃ viññāṇassa assādaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇassa ādīnavaṃ abhiññāya, evaṃ viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṃ abhiññāya viññāṇassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimuttā, te suvimuttā. Ye suvimuttā, te kevalino. Ye kevalino vaṭṭaṃ tesaṃ natthi paññāpanāya. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sattaṭṭhānakusalo hoti.
354诸比丘,比丘又如何成为三重观察者呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘从界的角度来观察,从处的角度来观察,从缘起的角度来观察。诸比丘,像这样,这位比丘就是三重观察者。诸比丘,一位比丘既是七处善巧者,又是三重观察者,在这个法与律中,他就被称为‘圆满者’、‘住于究竟者’、‘无上士’。第五。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tividhūpaparikkhī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhātuso upaparikkhati, āyatanaso upaparikkhati, paṭiccasamuppādaso upaparikkhati . Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tividhūpaparikkhī hoti. Sattaṭṭhānakusalo, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tividhūpaparikkhī, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye kevalī vusitavā ‘uttamapuriso’ti vuccatī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
3556. 正自觉者经
6. Sammāsambuddhasuttaṃ
58源自舍卫城。“诸比丘,如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者,由于对色厌离、离欲、灭尽,无执取而解脱,所以被称为正自觉者。诸比丘,慧解脱的比丘,也是由于对色厌离、离欲、灭尽,无执取而解脱,所以被称为慧解脱者。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Tathāgato, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho rūpassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto sammāsambuddhoti vuccati. Bhikkhupi, bhikkhave, paññāvimutto rūpassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto paññāvimuttoti vuccati.
357“诸比丘,如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者,由于对受厌离、离欲、灭尽,无执取而解脱,所以被称为正自觉者。诸比丘,慧解脱的比丘,也是由于对受厌离……乃至……所以被称为慧解脱者。”
‘‘Tathāgato, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vedanāya nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto sammāsambuddhoti vuccati. Bhikkhupi, bhikkhave, paññāvimutto vedanāya nibbidā…pe… paññāvimuttoti vuccati.
358「诸比丘,如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者,由于对想的……对诸行的……对识的厌离、离贪、灭,以无取而解脱,被称为正自觉者。诸比丘,慧解脱比丘,由于对识的厌离、离贪、灭,以无取而解脱,被称为慧解脱者。」
‘‘Tathāgato, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto sammāsambuddhoti vuccati. Bhikkhupi, bhikkhave, paññāvimutto viññāṇassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto paññāvimuttoti vuccati.
359“诸比丘,那么,在这个地方,如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者与慧解脱的比丘之间,有什么差别,有什么不同,有什么区分呢?” “尊者,我们的法是以世尊为根本,以世尊为导向,以世尊为依靠。尊者,如果世尊能为我们说明这番话的含义,那就太好了。听了世尊的解说,比丘们将会牢记在心。” “那么,诸比丘,听好了,好好用心思惟,我要说了。” “是的,尊者。”那些比丘回答世尊。世尊这样说道——
‘‘Tatra kho, bhikkhave, ko viseso, ko adhippayāso , kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ, tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa paññāvimuttena bhikkhunā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaññeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave , suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
360比丘们,如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者是未生之道的开创者,未形成之道的促成者,未宣说之道的宣说者。他是道的知者、道的识者、道的善巧者。而如今,比丘们,他的弟子们随行于道,成为了后来者。比丘们,这就是以智慧解脱的比丘与如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者之间的差别、不同和区分所在。第六经。
‘‘Tathāgato, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā , anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā maggaññū, maggavidū, maggakovido; maggānugā ca, bhikkhave, etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchāsamannāgatā. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso, ayaṃ adhippayāso, idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa paññāvimuttena bhikkhunā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
3617. 无我相经
7. Anattalakkhaṇasuttaṃ
59一时,世尊住在波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑。在那里,世尊称呼五群比丘:「诸比丘。」「尊者。」那些比丘回答世尊。世尊说此:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
363「诸比丘,色是无我。诸比丘,若此色是我,此色就不会导致疾病,并且能够得到『愿我的色如此,愿我的色不如此』。诸比丘,然而因为色是无我,所以色导致疾病,并且不能得到『愿我的色如此,愿我的色不如此』。」
‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anattā. Rūpañca hidaṃ, bhikkhave, attā abhavissa, nayidaṃ rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyya, labbhetha ca rūpe – ‘evaṃ me rūpaṃ hotu, evaṃ me rūpaṃ mā ahosī’ti. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ anattā, tasmā rūpaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati, na ca labbhati rūpe – ‘evaṃ me rūpaṃ hotu, evaṃ me rūpaṃ mā ahosī’’’ti.
364「受是无我。诸比丘,若此受是我,此受就不会导致疾病,并且能够得到『愿我的受如此,愿我的受不如此』。诸比丘,然而因为受是无我,所以受导致疾病,并且不能得到『愿我的受如此,愿我的受不如此』。」
‘‘Vedanā anattā. Vedanā ca hidaṃ, bhikkhave, attā abhavissa, nayidaṃ vedanā ābādhāya saṃvatteyya, labbhetha ca vedanāya – ‘evaṃ me vedanā hotu, evaṃ me vedanā mā ahosī’ti. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, vedanā anattā, tasmā vedanā ābādhāya saṃvattati , na ca labbhati vedanāya – ‘evaṃ me vedanā hotu, evaṃ me vedanā mā ahosī’’’ti.
365「想是无我……行是无我。诸比丘,若此诸行是我,此诸行就不会导致疾病,并且能够得到『愿我的诸行如此,愿我的诸行不如此』。诸比丘,然而因为诸行是无我,所以诸行导致疾病,并且不能得到『愿我的诸行如此,愿我的诸行不如此』。」
‘‘Saññā anattā…pe… saṅkhārā anattā. Saṅkhārā ca hidaṃ, bhikkhave, attā abhavissaṃsu, nayidaṃ saṅkhārā ābādhāya saṃvatteyyuṃ, labbhetha ca saṅkhāresu – ‘evaṃ me saṅkhārā hontu, evaṃ me saṅkhārā mā ahesu’nti. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā anattā, tasmā saṅkhārā ābādhāya saṃvattanti, na ca labbhati saṅkhāresu – ‘evaṃ me saṅkhārā hontu, evaṃ me saṅkhārā mā ahesu’’’nti.
366「识是无我。诸比丘,若此识是我,此识就不会导致疾病,并且能够得到『愿我的识如此,愿我的识不如此』。诸比丘,然而因为识是无我,所以识导致疾病,并且不能得到『愿我的识如此,愿我的识不如此』。」
‘‘Viññāṇaṃ anattā. Viññāṇañca hidaṃ, bhikkhave, attā abhavissa, nayidaṃ viññāṇaṃ ābādhāya saṃvatteyya, labbhetha ca viññāṇe – ‘evaṃ me viññāṇaṃ hotu, evaṃ me viññāṇaṃ mā ahosī’ti. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ anattā, tasmā viññāṇaṃ ābādhāya saṃvattati, na ca labbhati viññāṇe – ‘evaṃ me viññāṇaṃ hotu, evaṃ me viññāṇaṃ mā ahosī’’’ti.
367“比丘们,你们怎么想呢?色是常的还是无常的?” “无常的,尊者。” “那么,无常的是苦的还是乐的呢?” “苦的,尊者。” “那么,对于无常、苦、变异之法,不去执取它,还会生起这样的见解:‘这就是我,这就是世界,我死后将成为常、坚固、永恒、不变异的’吗?” “不会,尊者。” “受……想……行……识是常的还是无常的?” “无常的,尊者。” “那么,无常的是苦的还是乐的呢?” “苦的,尊者。” “那么,对于无常、苦、变异之法,不去执取它,还会生起这样的见解:‘这就是我,这就是世界,我死后将成为常、坚固、永恒、不变异的’吗?” “不会,尊者。” 这样观察……他了知:不再有来生。” 第三经。
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ , bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
368「诸比丘,因此,凡任何色,无论过去、未来、现在,内、外,粗、细,劣、胜,远、近,一切色应以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』。凡任何受,无论过去、未来、现在,内、外……远、近,一切受应以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』。
‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yā kāci vedanā atītānāgatapaccuppannā ajjhattā vā bahiddhā vā…pe… yā dūre santike vā, sabbā vedanā – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ.
369「凡任何想……凡任何行,无论过去、未来、现在,内、外……远、近,一切行应以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』。
‘‘Yā kāci saññā…pe… ye keci saṅkhārā atītānāgatapaccuppannā ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā…pe… ye dūre santike vā, sabbe saṅkhārā – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ.
370「凡任何识,无论过去、未来、现在,或内、或外,或粗、或细,或劣、或胜,或远、或近,一切识——『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』,应以正慧如实见此。
‘‘Yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ.
371比丘们,当这样看的时候,多闻的圣弟子对色也厌离,对受也厌离,对想也厌离,对行也厌离,对识也厌离。厌离了,他就离欲;因为离欲,他就解脱了。在解脱中,有了'已解脱'的智……他了知:'生已尽,梵行已立,应做已做,不再有这状态了。'
‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti.
372世尊说了这个。五比丘们内心欢喜,对世尊所说的话感到满意并随喜。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanduṃ .
373而且,就在宣说这个法门的时候,五位比丘的心不执取,从各种烦恼中解脱了。第七经。
Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne pañcavaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsūti. Sattamaṃ.
3748. 玛哈利经
8. Mahālisuttaṃ
3758. 玛哈利经
8. Mahālisuttaṃ
60如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在韦沙离城大林的重阁讲堂。那时,离车人摩诃利来到世尊那里……在一旁坐下的离车人摩诃利对世尊这样说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho mahāli licchavi yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahāli licchavi bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
377“尊者,富楼那·咖沙巴是这么说的:‘没有因、没有缘能让众生烦恼;众生是无因无缘而烦恼的。没有因、没有缘能让众生清净;众生是无因无缘而清净的。’对此,世尊您怎么说呢?”
‘‘Pūraṇo, bhante, kassapo evamāha – ‘natthi hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhantī’ti. Idha, bhagavā kimāhā’’ti?
378“摩诃利,有因、有缘能让众生烦恼;众生是有因有缘而烦恼的。摩诃利,有因、有缘能让众生清净;众生是有因有缘而清净的。”
‘‘Atthi, mahāli, hetu atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Atthi, mahāli, hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhantī’’ti.
379“可是,大德,什么是众生清净的原因和条件?怎样有因有缘,众生才清净?” “摩诃利啊,如果色纯粹是乐的、被乐跟随、为乐浸透,完全没有苦掺杂进来,那么众生就不会对色生厌离。摩诃利啊,正因为色是苦的、被苦跟随、为苦浸透,没有乐掺杂进来,所以众生对色生厌离;因为厌离,就离欲;因为离欲,就清净。摩诃利啊,这就是众生清净的原因和条件。就这样,有因有缘,众生才清净。”
‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, hetu katamo paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; kathaṃ sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissantī’’ti?
380“摩诃利,如果这个色蕴是绝对地苦,只伴随着苦,浸泡在苦里,浸泡不到乐的话,众生就不会对色蕴产生贪着了。然而,因为色蕴也带来了乐,伴随着乐,浸泡在乐里,浸泡不到苦,所以众生就对色蕴产生贪着;因为贪着,所以被束缚;因为被束缚,所以就被染污了。摩诃利,这个就是众生烦恼的因,这个就是缘。众生就是这样有因有缘而烦恼的。”
‘‘Rūpañca hidaṃ, mahāli, ekantadukkhaṃ abhavissa dukkhānupatitaṃ dukkhāvakkantaṃ anavakkantaṃ sukhena, nayidaṃ sattā rūpasmiṃ sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, mahāli, rūpaṃ sukhaṃ sukhānupatitaṃ sukhāvakkantaṃ anavakkantaṃ dukkhena, tasmā sattā rūpasmiṃ sārajjanti; sārāgā saṃyujjanti; saṃyogā saṃkilissanti. Ayaṃ kho, mahāli, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; evaṃ sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti.
381「玛哈利,若此受是一向苦的,随苦的,被苦所占据的,不被乐所占据的,众生就不会对受生染。玛哈利,正因为受是乐的,随乐的,被乐所占据的,不被苦所占据的,因此众生对受生染;因染而结缚;因结缚而杂染。玛哈利,这也是因,这是缘,众生杂染。如此有因有缘,众生杂染。」
‘‘Vedanā ca hidaṃ, mahāli, ekantadukkhā abhavissa dukkhānupatitā dukkhāvakkantā anavakkantā sukhena, nayidaṃ sattā vedanāya sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, mahāli, vedanā sukhā sukhānupatitā sukhāvakkantā anavakkantā dukkhena, tasmā sattā vedanāya sārajjanti; sārāgā saṃyujjanti; saṃyogā saṃkilissanti. Ayampi kho, mahāli, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya. Evampi sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti.
382摩诃利啊,如果想……(中略)……摩诃利啊,如果行纯粹是苦的、被苦跟随、为苦浸透,完全没有乐掺杂进来,那么众生就不会对行产生贪著。摩诃利啊,正因为行是乐的、被乐跟随、为乐浸透,没有苦掺杂进来,所以众生对行产生贪著;因为贪著,就结缚;因为结缚,就杂染。摩诃利啊,这就是众生杂染的原因和条件。就这样,有因有缘,众生才杂染。
‘‘Saññā ca hidaṃ, mahāli…pe… saṅkhārā ca hidaṃ, mahāli, ekantadukkhā abhavissaṃsu dukkhānupatitā dukkhāvakkantā anavakkantā sukhena, nayidaṃ sattā saṅkhāresu sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, mahāli, saṅkhārā sukhā sukhānupatitā sukhāvakkantā anavakkantā dukkhena, tasmā sattā saṅkhāresu sārajjanti; sārāgā saṃyujjanti; saṃyogā saṃkilissanti. Ayampi kho, mahāli, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya. Evampi sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti.
383摩诃利啊,如果识纯粹是苦的、被苦跟随、为苦浸透,完全没有乐掺杂进来,那么众生就不会对识产生贪著。摩诃利啊,正因为识是乐的、被乐跟随、为乐浸透,没有苦掺杂进来,所以众生对识产生贪著;因为贪著,就结缚;因为结缚,就杂染。摩诃利啊,这就是众生杂染的原因和条件。就这样,有因有缘,众生才杂染。
‘‘Viññāṇañca hidaṃ, mahāli, ekantadukkhaṃ abhavissa dukkhānupatitaṃ dukkhāvakkantaṃ anavakkantaṃ sukhena, nayidaṃ sattā viññāṇasmiṃ sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho , mahāli, viññāṇaṃ sukhaṃ sukhānupatitaṃ sukhāvakkantaṃ anavakkantaṃ dukkhena, tasmā sattā viññāṇasmiṃ sārajjanti; sārāgā saṃyujjanti; saṃyogā saṃkilissanti. Ayampi kho, mahāli, hetu ayaṃ paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya. Evampi sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissantī’’ti.
384「尊者,那么什么是因,什么是缘,众生清净;如何有因有缘,众生清净呢?」「玛哈利,若此色是一向乐的,随乐的,被乐所占据的,不被苦所占据的,众生就不会对色厌离。玛哈利,正因为色是苦的,随苦的,被苦所占据的,不被乐所占据的,因此众生对色厌离;厌离而离染;因离染而清净。玛哈利,这是因,这是缘,众生清净。如此有因有缘,众生清净。」
‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, hetu katamo paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; kathaṃ sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhantī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpañca hidaṃ, mahāli, ekantasukhaṃ abhavissa sukhānupatitaṃ sukhāvakkantaṃ anavakkantaṃ dukkhena, nayidaṃ sattā rūpasmiṃ nibbindeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, mahāli, rūpaṃ dukkhaṃ dukkhānupatitaṃ dukkhāvakkantaṃ anavakkantaṃ sukhena, tasmā sattā rūpasmiṃ nibbindanti; nibbindaṃ virajjanti; virāgā visujjhanti. Ayaṃ kho, mahāli, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo, sattānaṃ visuddhiyā. Evaṃ sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti’’.
385摩诃利啊,如果受纯粹是乐的……(中略)……如果想纯粹是乐的……(中略)……摩诃利啊,如果行纯粹是乐的……(中略)……摩诃利啊,如果识纯粹是乐的、被乐跟随、为乐浸透,完全没有苦掺杂进来,那么众生就不会对识生厌离。摩诃利啊,正因为识是苦的、被苦跟随、为苦浸透,没有乐掺杂进来,所以众生对识生厌离;因为厌离,就离欲;因为离欲,就清净。摩诃利啊,这就是众生清净的原因和条件。就这样,有因有缘,众生才清净。第八经。
‘‘Vedanā ca hidaṃ, mahāli, ekantasukhā abhavissa…pe… saññā ca hidaṃ, mahāli…pe… saṅkhārā ca hidaṃ, mahāli, ekantasukhā abhavissaṃsu…pe… viññāṇañca hidaṃ, mahāli, ekantasukhaṃ abhavissa sukhānupatitaṃ sukhāvakkantaṃ anavakkantaṃ dukkhena, nayidaṃ sattā viññāṇasmiṃ nibbindeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, mahāli, viññāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ dukkhānupatitaṃ dukkhāvakkantaṃ anavakkantaṃ sukhena, tasmā sattā viññāṇasmiṃ nibbindanti; nibbindaṃ virajjanti; virāgā visujjhanti. Ayaṃ kho, mahāli, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo, sattānaṃ visuddhiyā . Evampi sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
3869. 燃烧经
9. Ādittasuttaṃ
3879. 燃烧经
9. Ādittasuttaṃ
61源于沙瓦提。 “比丘们,色在燃烧,受在燃烧,想在燃烧,行在燃烧,识在燃烧。比丘们,如此见的多闻圣弟子,对色也生厌离,对受也生厌离,对想也生厌离,对行也生厌离,对识也生厌离。因为厌离,就离欲;因为离欲,就解脱;于解脱中,有‘已解脱’的智慧。他彻底了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有未来轮回的状态。’”第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, ādittaṃ, vedanā ādittā, saññā ādittā, saṅkhārā ādittā, viññāṇaṃ ādittaṃ. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi… saññāyapi… saṅkhāresupi… viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
38910. 言说道经
10. Niruttipathasuttaṃ
62舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,有此三种语言之道、名称之道、施设之道,未混杂,过去未混杂,不混杂,将不混杂,不被有智的沙门、婆罗门所举罪。是哪三种?诸比丘,凡色是过去的、已灭的、已变易的,『曾有』是其计数,『曾有』是其名称,『曾有』是其施设;『存在』不是其计数,『将有』不是其计数。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, niruttipathā adhivacanapathā paññattipathā asaṅkiṇṇā asaṅkiṇṇapubbā, na saṅkīyanti, na saṅkīyissanti, appaṭikuṭṭhā samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. Katame tayo? Yaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ ‘ahosī’ti tassa saṅkhā, ‘ahosī’ti tassa samaññā, ‘ahosī’ti tassa paññatti; na tassa saṅkhā ‘atthī’ti, na tassa saṅkhā ‘bhavissatī’’’ti.
391对于已经过去、已经息灭、已经变易的受,说它是“曾经有”——那是它的名称,说它是“曾经有”——那是它的称呼,说它是“曾经有”——那是它的施设。不能说它是“现在有”,也不能说它是“将来会有”。
‘‘Yā vedanā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā ‘ahosī’ti tassā saṅkhā, ‘ahosī’ti tassā samaññā, ‘ahosī’ti tassā paññatti; na tassā saṅkhā ‘atthī’ti, na tassā saṅkhā ‘bhavissatī’’’ti.
392对于已经过去、已经息灭、已经变易的想……对于已经过去、已经息灭、已经变易的行,说它们是“曾经有”——那是它们的名称,说它们是“曾经有”——那是它们的称呼,说它们是“曾经有”——那是它们的施设。不能说它们是“现在有”,也不能说它们是“将来会有”。
‘‘Yā saññā… ye saṅkhārā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā ‘ahesu’nti tesaṃ saṅkhā, ‘ahesu’nti tesaṃ samaññā, ‘ahesu’nti tesaṃ paññatti; na tesaṃ saṅkhā ‘atthī’ti, na tesaṃ saṅkhā ‘bhavissantī’’’ti.
393对于已经过去、已经息灭、已经变易的识,说它是“曾经有”——那是它的名称,说它是“曾经有”——那是它的称呼,说它是“曾经有”——那是它的施设。不能说它是“现在有”,也不能说它是“将来会有”。
‘‘Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ, ‘ahosī’ti tassa saṅkhā, ‘ahosī’ti tassa samaññā, ‘ahosī’ti tassa paññatti; na tassa saṅkhā ‘atthī’ti, na tassa saṅkhā ‘bhavissatī’’’ti.
394比丘们,对于还没有生起、还没有显现的色,说它是“将来会有”——那是它的名称,说它是“将来会有”——那是它的称呼,说它是“将来会有”——那是它的施设。不能说它是“现在有”,也不能说它是“曾经有”。
‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ ajātaṃ apātubhūtaṃ, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassa saṅkhā, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassa samaññā, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassa paññatti; na tassa saṅkhā ‘atthī’ti, na tassa saṅkhā ‘ahosī’’’ti.
395对于还没有生起、还没有显现的受,说它是“将来会有”——那是它的名称,说它是“将来会有”——那是它的称呼,说它是“将来会有”——那是它的施设。不能说它是“现在有”,也不能说它是“曾经有”。
‘‘Yā vedanā ajātā apātubhūtā, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassā saṅkhā, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassā samaññā, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassā paññatti; na tassā saṅkhā ‘atthī’ti, na tassā saṅkhā ‘ahosī’’’ti.
396那些未生、未出现的想……那些未生、未出现的行,人们会把它称为‘将有’,会把它叫作‘将有’,会把它表述为‘将有’;而不会把它称为‘有’,也不会把它称为‘曾有’。
‘‘Yā saññā… ye saṅkhārā ajātā apātubhūtā, ‘bhavissantī’ti tesaṃ saṅkhā, ‘bhavissantī’ti tesaṃ samaññā, ‘bhavissantī’ti tesaṃ paññatti; na tesaṃ saṅkhā ‘atthī’ti, na tesaṃ saṅkhā ‘ahesu’’’nti.
397那未生、未出现的识,人们会把它称为‘将有’,会把它叫作‘将有’,会把它表述为‘将有’;而不会把它称为‘有’,也不会把它称为‘曾有’。
‘‘Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ ajātaṃ apātubhūtaṃ, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassa saṅkhā, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassa samaññā, ‘bhavissatī’ti tassa paññatti; na tassa saṅkhā ‘atthī’ti, na tassa saṅkhā ‘ahosī’’’ti.
398比丘们,那已生、已出现的色,人们会把它称为‘有’,会把它叫作‘有’,会把它表述为‘有’;不会把它称为‘曾有’,也不会把它称为‘将有’。
‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ jātaṃ pātubhūtaṃ, ‘atthī’ti tassa saṅkhā, ‘atthī’ti tassa samaññā, ‘atthī’ti tassa paññatti; na tassa saṅkhā ‘ahosī’ti, na tassa saṅkhā ‘bhavissatī’’’ti.
399那已生、已出现的受,人们会把它称为‘有’,会把它叫作‘有’,会把它表述为‘有’;不会把它称为‘曾有’,也不会把它称为‘将有’。
‘‘Yā vedanā jātā pātubhūtā, ‘atthī’ti tassā saṅkhā, ‘atthī’ti tassā samaññā, ‘atthī’ti tassā paññatti; na tassā saṅkhā ‘ahosī’ti, na tassā saṅkhā ‘bhavissatī’’’ti.
400那已生、已出现的想……那已生、已出现的行,人们会把它称为‘有’,会把它叫作‘有’,会把它表述为‘有’;不会把它称为‘曾有’,也不会把它称为‘将有’。
‘‘Yā saññā… ye saṅkhārā jātā pātubhūtā, ‘atthī’ti tesaṃ saṅkhā, ‘atthī’ti tesaṃ samaññā, ‘atthī’ti tesaṃ paññatti; na tesaṃ saṅkhā ‘ahesu’nti, na tesaṃ saṅkhā, ‘bhavissantī’’’ti.
401那已生、已出现的识,人们会把它称为‘有’,会把它叫作‘有’,会把它表述为‘有’;不会把它称为‘曾有’,也不会把它称为‘将有’。
‘‘Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ jātaṃ pātubhūtaṃ, ‘atthī’ti tassa saṅkhā, ‘atthī’ti tassa samaññā, ‘atthī’ti tassa paññatti; na tassa saṅkhā ‘ahosī’ti, na tassa saṅkhā ‘bhavissatī’’’ti.
402「诸比丘,这三种语路、称谓路、施设路,未混杂、过去未混杂,不混杂、将不混杂,不被有智的沙门、婆罗门所举罪。诸比丘,即使那些过去的郁咖喇、瓦沙跋雅、无因论者、无作论者、虚无论者,他们也不认为应举罪、应非难这三种语路、称谓路、施设路。那是什么原因?因为害怕举罪、攻击、责难、非难。」
‘‘Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo niruttipathā adhivacanapathā paññattipathā asaṅkiṇṇā asaṅkiṇṇapubbā, na saṅkīyanti, na saṅkīyissanti, appaṭikuṭṭhā samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi . Yepi te, bhikkhave, ahesuṃ ukkalā vassabhaññā ahetukavādā akiriyavādā natthikavādā, tepime tayo niruttipathe adhivacanapathe paññattipathe na garahitabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ amaññiṃsu. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nindāghaṭṭanabyārosaupārambhabhayā’’ti .
403执取品第六
Upayavaggo chaṭṭho.
404其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
405执取品第六
Upayavaggo chaṭṭho.
406其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
407依止经、种子经、自说经、取轮转经;
Upayo bījaṃ udānaṃ, upādānaparivattaṃ;
408七处经、等觉经、五经、马哈离经、燃烧经。
Sattaṭṭhānañca sambuddho, pañcamahāli ādittā.
409这一品以言语途径经结束。
Vaggo niruttipathena cāti.
4107. 阿拉汉品
7. Arahantavaggo
4117. 阿拉汉品
7. Arahantavaggo
4121. 执取经
1. Upādiyamānasuttaṃ
63如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,某位比丘来到世尊处;来到后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊为我简要地说法,我听闻世尊之法后,当独自远离、不放逸、热诚、自励而住。」「比丘,执取者被魔罗所缚;不执取者从魔罗解脱。」「已了知,世尊!已了知,善逝!」
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Upādiyamāno kho, bhikkhu, baddho mārassa; anupādiyamāno mutto pāpimato’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ sugatā’’ti.
414「比丘,你如何详细了知我简要所说之义呢?」「尊者,执取色者被魔罗所缚;不执取者从魔罗解脱。执取受者被魔罗所缚;不执取者从魔罗解脱。执取想……执取行……执取识者被魔罗所缚;不执取者从魔罗解脱。尊者,我如此详细了知世尊简要所说之义。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, bhante, upādiyamāno baddho mārassa; anupādiyamāno mutto pāpimato. Vedanaṃ upādiyamāno baddho mārassa; anupādiyamāno mutto pāpimato. Saññaṃ… saṅkhāre … viññāṇaṃ upādiyamāno baddho mārassa; anupādiyamāno mutto pāpimato. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
415「善哉!善哉!比丘!善哉!比丘,你详细了知我简要所说之义。比丘,执取色者被魔罗所缚;不执取者从魔罗解脱。执取受……想……行……识者被魔罗所缚;不执取者从魔罗解脱。比丘,我简要所说之义应如此详细地看待。」
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ kho, bhikkhu, upādiyamāno baddho mārassa; anupādiyamāno mutto pāpimato. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ upādiyamāno baddho mārassa ; anupādiyamāno mutto pāpimato. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti.
416那时,那位比丘欢喜、随喜世尊所说后,从座起立,礼敬世尊,作右绕后离去。那时,那位比丘独自远离、不放逸、热诚、自励而住,不久——为了彼义,善男子们正确地从在家出家成为非家——于现法中以自己的上智亲证、作证、具足住于无上梵行的究竟。他证知:「生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,再无后有。」那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第一经
Atha kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho so bhikkhu eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Paṭhamaṃ.
4172. 我慢经
2. Maññamānasuttaṃ
4182. 我慢经
2. Maññamānasuttaṃ
64故事发生在沙瓦提城。那时,有一位比丘……(省略中间部分)坐在一边后,那位比丘对世尊这样说:“尊者,如果世尊能为我简略地开示法义,那就太好了……我将精进努力,坚定志向地安住。”“比丘,如果思量,就被魔罗束缚;如果不思量,就从邪恶者那里解脱。”“世尊,我明白了!善逝,我明白了!”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu…pe… ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Maññamāno kho, bhikkhu, baddho mārassa; amaññamāno mutto pāpimato’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ sugatā’’ti.
420「比丘,你如何详细了知我简要所说之义呢?」「尊者,思量色者被魔罗所缚;不思量者从魔罗解脱。思量受……想……行……识者被魔罗所缚;不思量者从魔罗解脱。尊者,我如此详细了知世尊简要所说之义。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, bhante, maññamāno baddho mārassa; amaññamāno mutto pāpimato. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ maññamāno baddho mārassa; amaññamāno mutto pāpimato. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
421「善哉!善哉!比丘!善哉!比丘,你详细了知我简要所说之义。比丘,思量色者被魔罗所缚;不思量者从魔罗解脱。思量受……想……行……识者被魔罗所缚;不思量者从魔罗解脱。比丘,我简要所说之义应如此详细地看待。」……那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第二经
‘‘Sādhu sādhu , bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ kho, bhikkhu, maññamāno baddho mārassa; amaññamāno mutto pāpimato. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ maññamāno baddho mārassa; amaññamāno mutto pāpimato. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti…pe… aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Dutiyaṃ.
4223. 欢喜经
3. Abhinandamānasuttaṃ
65舍卫城因缘。尔时,某位比丘……乃至……坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊为我简要地……乃至……我将热诚精勤而住。」「比丘,欢喜者被魔罗所缚;不欢喜者从魔罗解脱。」「世尊已了知,善逝已了知。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena…pe… pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Abhinandamāno kho, bhikkhu, baddho mārassa; anabhinandamāno mutto pāpimato’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ sugatā’’ti.
424「比丘,你是如何详细了知我略说之义呢?」「尊者,欢喜色者被魔罗束缚;不欢喜者从魔罗解脱。欢喜受者被魔罗束缚;不欢喜者从魔罗解脱。欢喜想者被魔罗束缚;不欢喜者从魔罗解脱。欢喜诸行者被魔罗束缚;不欢喜者从魔罗解脱。欢喜识者被魔罗束缚;不欢喜者从魔罗解脱。尊者,我如是详细了知世尊略说之义。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, bhante, abhinandamāno baddho mārassa; anabhinandamāno mutto pāpimato. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ abhinandamāno baddho mārassa; anabhinandamāno mutto pāpimato. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
425「善哉!善哉!比丘!比丘,你善于详细了知我简要所说之义。比丘,欢喜色者被魔罗所缚;不欢喜者从魔罗解脱。受……想……行……欢喜识者被魔罗所缚;不欢喜者从魔罗解脱。比丘,我简要所说之义应如此详细地见。」……乃至……那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第三。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ kho, bhikkhu, abhinandamāno baddho mārassa; anabhinandamāno mutto pāpimato. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre … viññāṇaṃ abhinandamāno baddho mārassa; anabhinandamāno mutto pāpimato. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti…pe… aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Tatiyaṃ.
4264. 无常经
4. Aniccasuttaṃ
4274. 无常经
4. Aniccasuttaṃ
66在舍卫城。那时,有一位比丘……坐在一边的比丘对世尊这样说:“尊者,如果世尊能为我简略地说法,那就好了……让我能保持精勤、坚定地安住。” “比丘,凡是苦的,在那里你应该舍弃欲贪。” “世尊,我理解了;善逝,我理解了。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu…pe… ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, aniccaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ bhagavā; aññātaṃ sugatā’’ti.
429「比丘,你如何详细了知我简要所说之义?」「尊者,色是无常,于彼我应舍断欲。受……想……行……识是无常,于彼我应舍断欲。尊者,我如此详细了知世尊简要所说之义。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, bhante, aniccaṃ; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
430「善哉!善哉!比丘!比丘,你善于详细了知我简要所说之义。比丘,色是无常,于彼你应舍断欲。受是无常……想……行……识是无常,于彼你应舍断欲。比丘,我简要所说之义应如此详细地见。」……乃至……那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第四。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ kho, bhikkhu, aniccaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo. Vedanā aniccā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ; tatra kho te chando pahātabbo. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti…pe… aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Catutthaṃ.
4315. 苦经
5. Dukkhasuttaṃ
4325. 苦经
5. Dukkhasuttaṃ
67舍卫城因缘。尔时,某位比丘……乃至……坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊为我简要地说法……乃至……我将热诚精勤而住。」「比丘,凡是苦者,于彼应舍断欲。」「世尊已了知,善逝已了知。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu…pe… ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, dukkhaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ bhagavā; aññātaṃ sugatā’’ti.
434「比丘,那么你如何详细了知我所略说之义呢?」「尊者,色是苦,对此我应舍断欲;受是苦,对此我应舍断欲;想是苦,对此我应舍断欲;行是苦,对此我应舍断欲;识是苦,对此我应舍断欲。尊者,我如此详细了知尊者所略说之义。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti ? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, bhante, dukkhaṃ; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
435「善哉!善哉!比丘!比丘,你善于了知我所总说之义的详细义理。比丘,色是苦,于此你应舍断欲。受……想……行……识是苦,于此你应舍断欲。比丘,我所总说之义的详细义理应如此来看。」……那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第五。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ kho bhikkhu, dukkhaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ dukkhaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti…pe… aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Pañcamaṃ.
4366. 无我经
6. Anattasuttaṃ
4376. 无我经
6. Anattasuttaṃ
68舍卫城因缘。尔时,某位比丘……坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊为我总说法……我将热诚、勤勉而住。」「比丘,凡是无我者,于此你应舍断欲。」「已了知,世尊!已了知,善逝!」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu…pe… ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Yo kho, bhikkhu, anattā; tatra te chando pahātabbo’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ, bhagavā; aññātaṃ, sugatā’’ti.
439「比丘,你如何了知我所总说之义的详细义理呢?」「尊者,色是无我,于此我应舍断欲。受……想……行……识是无我,于此我应舍断欲。尊者,我如此了知世尊所总说之义的详细义理。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, bhante, anattā; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
440「善哉!善哉!比丘!比丘,你善于了知我所总说之义的详细义理。比丘,色是无我,于此你应舍断欲。受……想……行……识是无我,于此你应舍断欲。比丘,我所总说之义的详细义理应如此来看。」……那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第六。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ kho, bhikkhu, anattā; tatra te chando pahātabbo . Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā; tatra te chando pahātabbo. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti…pe… aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
4417. 无我性经
7. Anattaniyasuttaṃ
4427. 无我性经
7. Anattaniyasuttaṃ
69舍卫城因缘。尔时,某位比丘……坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊为我总说法……而住。」「比丘,凡是非我所者,于此你应舍断欲。」「已了知,世尊!已了知,善逝!」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu…pe… vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, anattaniyaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ, bhagavā; aññātaṃ, sugatā’’ti.
444「比丘,你如何了知我所总说之义的详细义理呢?」「尊者,色是非我所,于此我应舍断欲。受……想……行……识是非我所,于此我应舍断欲。尊者,我如此了知世尊所总说之义的详细义理。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, bhante, anattaniyaṃ; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattaniyaṃ; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
445「善哉!善哉!比丘!比丘,你善于了知我所总说之义的详细义理。比丘,色是非我所,于此你应舍断欲。受……想……行……识是非我所,于此你应舍断欲。比丘,我所总说之义的详细义理应如此来看。」……那位比丘成为阿拉汉之一。第七。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ kho, bhikkhu , anattaniyaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo. Vedanā … saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattaniyaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti…pe… aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Sattamaṃ.
4468. 可染住经
8. Rajanīyasaṇṭhitasuttaṃ
70在舍卫城因缘。尔时,某位比丘……坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,请世尊为我略说法,我听闻世尊之法后……而住。」「比丘,凡是可染住者,于此你应舍断欲。」「已了知,世尊!已了知,善逝!」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā…pe… vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, rajanīyasaṇṭhitaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ, bhagavā; aññātaṃ, sugatā’’ti.
448「比丘,你如何详细了知我略说之义呢?」「尊者,色是可染住者;我应当舍断对它的欲。受……想……诸行……识是可染住者;我应当舍断对它的欲。尊者,我如此详细了知世尊略说之义。」
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpaṃ kho, bhante, rajanīyasaṇṭhitaṃ; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ rajanīyasaṇṭhitaṃ; tatra me chando pahātabbo. Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.
449“很好,很好,比丘!比丘,你确实很好地理解了我简要说的详细含义。比丘,色是染着性的状态,在那里你的意欲应该被舍弃。受……想……行……识是染着性的状态,在那里你的意欲应该被舍弃。比丘,对我这简要说的,应该这样去了解它的详细含义。”……而那位比丘也成为了阿拉汉之一。第八经。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāsi. Rūpaṃ kho, bhikkhu, rajanīyasaṇṭhitaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ rajanīyasaṇṭhitaṃ; tatra te chando pahātabbo. Imassa kho, bhikkhu, mayā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti…pe… aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
4509. 拉达经
9. Rādhasuttaṃ
4519. 拉达经
9. Rādhasuttaṃ
71舍卫城因缘。尔时,具寿拉德前往世尊处;抵达后,对世尊如此说——「尊者,如何知、如何见,在此有识之身及外在一切相中,我作、我所作、慢随眠不存在呢?」「拉德,凡任何色,过去、未来、现在,内或外,粗或细,劣或胜,远或近,一切色——『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,以正慧如实见此。凡任何受……凡任何想……凡任何行……凡任何识,过去、未来、现在……远或近,一切识——『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,以正慧如实见此。拉德,如此知、如此见,在此有识之身及外在一切相中,我作、我所作、慢随眠不存在。」……具寿拉德成为阿拉汉。第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā rādho yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato, kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, rādha, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Evaṃ kho, rādha, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti…pe… aññataro ca panāyasmā rādho arahataṃ ahosīti. Navamaṃ.
45310. 善拉达经
10. Surādhasuttaṃ
45410. 善拉达经
10. Surādhasuttaṃ
72舍卫城因缘。尔时,具寿苏拉德对世尊如此说——「尊者,如何知、如何见,在此有识之身及外在一切相中,心离我作、我所作、慢,超越分别论,寂静、善解脱呢?」「苏拉德,凡任何色,过去、未来、现在……远或近,一切色——『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,以正慧如实见此后,无取而解脱。凡任何受……凡任何想……凡任何行……凡任何识,过去、未来、现在,内或外,粗或细,劣或胜,远或近,一切识——『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,以正慧如实见此后,无取而解脱。苏拉德,如此知、如此见,在此有识之身及外在一切相中,心离我作、我所作、慢,超越分别论,寂静、善解脱。」……具寿苏拉德成为阿拉汉。第十经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā surādho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagataṃ mānasaṃ hoti, vidhā samatikkantaṃ santaṃ suvimutta’’nti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, surādha, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anupādāvimutto hoti. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anupādāvimutto hoti. Evaṃ kho, surādha, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye, bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagataṃ mānasaṃ hoti vidhā samatikkantaṃ santaṃ suvimutta’’nti…pe… aññataro ca panāyasmā surādho arahataṃ ahosīti. Dasamaṃ.
456阿拉汉品第七
Arahantavaggo sattamo.
457其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
458其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
459执取、自负、欢喜,
Upādiyamaññamānā, athābhinandamāno ca;
460无常、苦、无我,非我所、令人染着之处,
Aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā ca, anattanīyaṃ rajanīyasaṇṭhitaṃ;
461拉德与苏拉德,此为十经。
Rādhasurādhena te dasāti.
4628. 啮食品
8. Khajjanīyavaggo
4631. 味经
1. Assādasuttaṃ
4648. 啮食品
8. Khajjanīyavaggo
4651. 味经
1. Assādasuttaṃ
73源于舍卫城。
“比丘们,未听闻教法的凡夫,不如实了知色的乐味、过患与出离;不如实了知受……想……行……识的乐味、过患与出离。
而比丘们,已听闻教法的圣弟子,则如实了知色的乐味、过患与出离;如实了知受……想……行……识的乐味、过患与出离。”
第一。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Assutavā, bhikkhave, puthujjano rūpassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako rūpassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vedanā … saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
4672. 集经
2. Samudayasuttaṃ
4682. 集经
2. Samudayasuttaṃ
74源于舍卫城。
“比丘们,未听闻教法的凡夫,不如实了知色的集起、灭没、乐味、过患与出离;不如实了知受……想……行……识的集起、灭没、乐味、过患与出离。
而比丘们,已听闻教法的圣弟子,则如实了知色的集起、灭没、乐味、过患与出离;如实了知受……想……行……识的集起、灭没、乐味、过患与出离。”
第二。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Assutavā, bhikkhave, puthujjano rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
4703. 第二集经
3. Dutiyasamudayasuttaṃ
75源于舍卫城。
“比丘们,已听闻教法的圣弟子,如实了知色的集起、灭没、乐味、过患与出离;如实了知受……想……行……识的集起、灭没、乐味、过患与出离。”
第三。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Sutavā, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
4724. 阿拉汉经
4. Arahantasuttaṃ
4734. 阿拉汉经
4. Arahantasuttaṃ
76舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!色是无常的。凡无常者即是苦;凡苦者即是无我;凡无我者,应以正慧如实见此为『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』。受……想……诸行……识是无常的。凡无常者即是苦;凡苦者即是无我;凡无我者,应以正慧如实见此为『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama , nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ’’.
475「诸比丘!如是见者,多闻圣弟子于色亦厌离,于受亦……于想亦……于诸行亦……于识亦厌离。厌离者则离染;由离染而解脱。于解脱时,生起『已解脱』之智。他了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在。』诸比丘!乃至有情居,乃至有顶,这些阿拉汉是世间最上、最胜者。」
‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi… saññāyapi… saṅkhāresupi… viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Yāvatā, bhikkhave, sattāvāsā, yāvatā bhavaggaṃ, ete aggā, ete seṭṭhā lokasmiṃ yadidaṃ arahanto’’ti.
476世尊说此。善逝说此已,导师又说此:
Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
477阿拉汉们确实是快乐的,因为在他们之中已找不到渴爱;
‘‘Sukhino vata arahanto, taṇhā tesaṃ na vijjati;
478‘我是’的慢心已被彻底斩断,愚痴之网也已被戳破。
Asmimāno samucchinno, mohajālaṃ padālitaṃ.
479他们证得了不动的境界,他们的心清澈无浊;
‘‘Anejaṃ te anuppattā, cittaṃ tesaṃ anāvilaṃ;
480他们于世间不染着,已成梵,无漏。
Loke anupalittā te, brahmabhūtā anāsavā.
481「遍知五蕴,行于七善法之境,
‘‘Pañcakkhandhe pariññāya, satta saddhammagocarā;
482值得赞叹的善人们,佛陀的亲生子。
Pasaṃsiyā sappurisā, puttā buddhassa orasā.
483他们成就了七宝,在三学中修学圆满;
‘‘Sattaratanasampannā, tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhitā;
484这些大雄四处游化,已经断除所有恐惧与怖畏。
Anuvicaranti mahāvīrā, pahīnabhayabheravā.
485他们具足十支,是善入定的大龙象;
‘‘Dasahaṅgehi sampannā, mahānāgā samāhitā;
486这些确实是世间最上之人,渴爱在他们之中已完全找不到。
Ete kho seṭṭhā lokasmiṃ, taṇhā tesaṃ na vijjati.
487无学的智慧已经生起,这是最后的身体。
‘‘Asekhañāṇamuppannaṃ, antimoyaṃ samussayo;
488这是梵行的精髓,在那里不依赖他缘。
Yo sāro brahmacariyassa, tasmiṃ aparapaccayā.
489他们在诸苦中不动摇,已解脱再生;
‘‘Vidhāsu na vikampanti, vippamuttā punabbhavā;
490他们到达了调伏的境地,是世间的胜利者。
Dantabhūmimanuppattā, te loke vijitāvino.
491上方、横向、下方,他们全无喜爱。
‘‘Uddhaṃ tiriyaṃ apācīnaṃ, nandī tesaṃ na vijjati;
492他们发出狮子吼,是世间无上的诸佛。第四经。
Nadanti te sīhanādaṃ, buddhā loke anuttarā’’ti. catutthaṃ;
4935. 第二阿拉汉经
5. Dutiyaarahantasuttaṃ
77舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,色是无常的。凡无常者即是苦;凡苦者即是无我;凡无我者,应以如实正慧这样看:『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我。』」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti…pe… evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ’’.
495「诸比丘!如是见者,多闻的圣弟子于色亦厌离,于受亦……于想亦……于诸行亦……于识亦厌离。厌离者则离染,由离染而解脱。于解脱中有『已解脱』之智。他了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在。』诸比丘!乃至有情居,乃至有顶,这些阿拉汉是世间的最上者、最胜者。」
‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi… saññāyapi… saṅkhāresupi… viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Yāvatā, bhikkhave, sattāvāsā, yāvatā bhavaggaṃ, ete aggā, ete seṭṭhā lokasmiṃ yadidaṃ arahanto’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
4966. 狮子经
6. Sīhasuttaṃ
4976. 狮子经
6. Sīhasuttaṃ
78在沙瓦提城。“比丘们,兽王狮子在傍晚时分从洞穴出来;出洞后,舒展身体;舒展身体后,环视四周;环视四周后,发出三声狮子吼;发出三声狮子吼后,便外出觅食。比丘们,那些地上的动物,凡是听到兽王狮子的吼叫声,大多都会生起恐惧、惊怖与害怕;住在洞穴的,钻入洞穴;住在水里的,潜入水中;住在林中的,逃入树林;鸟类则飞向空中。比丘们,即使是那些被国王以坚固皮绳系缚在村庄、城镇和王都里的大象,也能挣断那些束缚,冲破它们,吓得屎尿齐流,慌不择路地逃窜。比丘们,兽王狮子对地上的众生就有如此大的威力,如此大的影响力,如此大的神通力。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Sīho, bhikkhave, migarājā sāyanhasamayaṃ āsayā nikkhamati; āsayā nikkhamitvā vijambhati; vijambhitvā samantā catuddisā anuviloketi; samantā catuddisā anuviloketvā tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati; tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā gocarāya pakkamati. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā sīhassa migarañño nadato saddaṃ suṇanti; yebhuyyena bhayaṃ saṃvegaṃ santāsaṃ āpajjanti; bilaṃ bilāsayā pavisanti; dakaṃ dakāsayā pavisanti; vanaṃ vanāsayā pavisanti; ākāsaṃ pakkhino bhajanti. Yepi te, bhikkhave, rañño nāgā gāmanigamarājadhānīsu, daḷhehi varattehi baddhā, tepi tāni bandhanāni sañchinditvā sampadāletvā bhītā muttakarīsaṃ cajamānā , yena vā tena vā palāyanti. Evaṃ mahiddhiko kho, bhikkhave, sīho migarājā tiracchānagatānaṃ pāṇānaṃ, evaṃ mahesakkho, evaṃ mahānubhāvo’’.
499“同样地,比丘们,当如来到世间出现,他是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上调御者、人天之师、佛陀、世尊。他宣说正法:‘这是色,这是色的集起,这是色的灭去;这是受……;这是想……;这是行……;这是识,这是识的集起,这是识的灭去。’比丘们,即使是那些寿命很长、容貌庄严、多享快乐、长久住在崇高天宫的天神们,听闻如来的说法后,大多也会生起恐惧、惊怖与害怕:‘看来,诸贤,我们这些一直以为自己是常的,其实是无常的;我们这些一直以为自己是恒久的,其实是不恒久的;我们这些一直以为自己是永恒的,其实是不永恒的。诸贤,原来我们也是无常、不恒久、不永恒的,都还在有身之中。’比丘们,如来对包括天界在内的世间就有如此大的威力,如此大的影响力,如此大的神通力。”世尊说了这些……大师又说了以下偈颂:
‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yadā tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So dhammaṃ deseti – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Yepi te, bhikkhave, devā dīghāyukā vaṇṇavanto sukhabahulā uccesu vimānesu ciraṭṭhitikā tepi tathāgatassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā yebhuyyena bhayaṃ saṃvegaṃ santāsaṃ āpajjanti – ‘aniccāva kira, bho, mayaṃ samānā niccamhāti amaññimha. Addhuvāva kira, bho, mayaṃ samānā dhuvamhāti amaññimha. Asassatāva kira, bho, mayaṃ samānā sassatamhāti amaññimha. Mayampi kira, bho, aniccā addhuvā asassatā sakkāyapariyāpannā’ti. Evaṃ mahiddhiko kho, bhikkhave, tathāgato sadevakassa lokassa, evaṃ mahesakkho, evaṃ mahānubhāvo’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā…pe… etadavoca satthā –
500“当佛陀通过证智而转起法轮,
‘‘Yadā buddho abhiññāya, dhammacakkaṃ pavattayi;
501对于包括天界在内的世间,这位无可伦比的导师,
Sadevakassa lokassa, satthā appaṭipuggalo.
502「身见与灭,以及身见的集;」
‘‘Sakkāyañca nirodhañca, sakkāyassa ca sambhavaṃ;
503还有那导向苦的止息的八支圣道;
Ariyañcaṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ.
504即使是那些长寿、光鲜、享有美名的天人们,
‘‘Yepi dīghāyukā devā, vaṇṇavanto yasassino;
505也如同被狮子追赶的小动物,陷入了恐惧与慌乱。
Bhītā santāsamāpāduṃ, sīhassevitare migā.
506未超越有身,我们确实是无常的,尊者!
Avītivattā sakkāyaṃ, aniccā kira bho mayaṃ;
507听闻阿拉汉之语,已解脱的如是者。第六。
Sutvā arahato vākyaṃ, vippamuttassa tādino’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
5087. 可啮食经
7. Khajjanīyasuttaṃ
5097. 可啮食经
7. Khajjanīyasuttaṃ
79舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!凡任何沙门或婆罗门,随念种种宿住时,他们全都随念五取蕴,或随念其中之一。哪五种?『在过去时,我有如是色』——诸比丘!如此随念者,他只是随念色。『在过去时,我有如是受』——诸比丘!如此随念者,他只是随念受。『在过去时,我有如是想』……『在过去时,我有如是行』……『在过去时,我有如是识』——诸比丘!如此随念者,他只是随念识。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussaramānā anussaranti sabbete pañcupādānakkhandhe anussaranti etesaṃ vā aññataraṃ. Katame pañca? ‘Evaṃrūpo ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna’nti – iti vā hi, bhikkhave, anussaramāno rūpaṃyeva anussarati. ‘Evaṃvedano ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna’nti – iti vā hi, bhikkhave, anussaramāno vedanaṃyeva anussarati. ‘Evaṃsañño ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna’nti… ‘evaṃsaṅkhāro ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna’nti… ‘evaṃviññāṇo ahosiṃ atītamaddhāna’nti – iti vā hi, bhikkhave, anussaramāno viññāṇameva anussarati’’.
511比丘们,为什么说‘色’呢?‘被破坏’,比丘们,因此称为‘色’。被什么破坏呢?被冷破坏,被热破坏,被饥破坏,被渴破坏,被蚊虫、风、日晒、爬虫类的接触所破坏。‘被破坏’,比丘们,因此称为‘色’。
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ vadetha? Ruppatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘rūpa’nti vuccati. Kena ruppati? Sītenapi ruppati, uṇhenapi ruppati, jighacchāyapi ruppati, pipāsāyapi ruppati, ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassenapi ruppati. Ruppatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘rūpa’nti vuccati.
512比丘们,为什么说‘受’呢?‘感受’,比丘们,因此称为‘受’。感受什么呢?感受乐,感受苦,感受不苦不乐。‘感受’,比丘们,因此称为‘受’。
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, vedanaṃ vadetha? Vedayatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘vedanā’ti vuccati. Kiñca vedayati? Sukhampi vedayati, dukkhampi vedayati, adukkhamasukhampi vedayati. Vedayatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘vedanā’ti vuccati.
513比丘们,为什么说‘想’呢?‘认知’,比丘们,因此称为‘想’。认知什么呢?认知青色,认知黄色,认知红色,认知白色。‘认知’,比丘们,因此称为‘想’。
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, saññaṃ vadetha? Sañjānātīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘saññā’ti vuccati. Kiñca sañjānāti? Nīlampi sañjānāti, pītakampi sañjānāti, lohitakampi sañjānāti, odātampi sañjānāti. Sañjānātīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘saññā’ti vuccati.
514比丘们,为什么说‘行’呢?‘它们造作有为的事物’,比丘们,因此称为‘行’。它们造作什么有为的事物呢?它们把色造作为色,把受造作为受,把想造作为想,把行造作为行,把识造作为识。‘它们造作有为的事物’,比丘们,因此称为‘行’。
‘‘Kiñca , bhikkhave, saṅkhāre vadetha? Saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharontīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘saṅkhārā’ti vuccati. Kiñca saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti? Rūpaṃ rūpattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti, vedanaṃ vedanattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti, saññaṃ saññattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti, saṅkhāre saṅkhārattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti, viññāṇaṃ viññāṇattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti. Saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharontīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘saṅkhārā’ti vuccati.
515「诸比丘,你们说什么是识?诸比丘,因为识知,所以称为『识』。识知什么呢?识知酸,识知苦,识知辣,识知甜,识知碱,识知非碱,识知咸,识知非咸。诸比丘,因为识知,所以称为『识』。
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ vadetha? Vijānātīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘viññāṇa’nti vuccati. Kiñca vijānāti? Ambilampi vijānāti, tittakampi vijānāti, kaṭukampi vijānāti, madhurampi vijānāti, khārikampi vijānāti, akhārikampi vijānāti, loṇikampi vijānāti, aloṇikampi vijānāti. Vijānātīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘viññāṇa’nti vuccati.
516比丘们,在那时,多闻的圣弟子会这样反思:‘我现在正被色吞噬。在过去漫长的时间里,我也正是这样被色吞噬,就像现在被现在的色吞噬一样。如果我还要去喜欢未来的色,那么在未来漫长的时间里,我也会正是这样被色吞噬,就像现在被现在的色吞噬一样。’他这样反思后,对过去的色不再留恋;不喜好未来的色;并为了对现在的色厌离、离欲、灭尽而修行。
‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ahaṃ kho etarahi rūpena khajjāmi. Atītampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva rūpena khajjiṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena rūpena khajjāmi. Ahañceva kho pana anāgataṃ rūpaṃ abhinandeyyaṃ, anāgatampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva rūpena khajjeyyaṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena rūpena khajjāmī’ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya atītasmiṃ rūpasmiṃ anapekkho hoti ; anāgataṃ rūpaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannassa rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
517『我现在被受所啮食。过去时我也同样被受所啮食,正如现在被现在的受所啮食。如果我欢喜未来的受,未来时我也将同样被受所啮食,正如现在被现在的受所啮食。』他如此省察后,对过去的受不期待;不欢喜未来的受;对现在的受,他行道于厌离、离贪、灭尽。
‘‘‘Ahaṃ kho etarahi vedanāya khajjāmi. Atītampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva vedanāya khajjiṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannāya vedanāya khajjāmi. Ahañceva kho pana anāgataṃ vedanaṃ abhinandeyyaṃ; anāgatampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva vedanāya khajjeyyaṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannāya vedanāya khajjāmī’ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya atītāya vedanāya anapekkho hoti; anāgataṃ vedanaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannāya vedanāya nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
518『我现在被想所啮食……我现在被诸行所啮食。过去时我也同样被诸行所啮食,正如现在被现在的诸行所啮食。如果我欢喜未来的诸行,未来时我也将同样被诸行所啮食,正如现在被现在的诸行所啮食。』他如此省察后,对过去的诸行不期待;不欢喜未来的诸行;对现在的诸行,他行道于厌离、离贪、灭尽。
‘‘‘Ahaṃ kho etarahi saññāya khajjāmi…pe… ahaṃ kho etarahi saṅkhārehi khajjāmi. Atītampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva saṅkhārehi khajjiṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannehi saṅkhārehi khajjāmīti. Ahañceva kho pana anāgate saṅkhāre abhinandeyyaṃ ; anāgatampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva saṅkhārehi khajjeyyaṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannehi saṅkhārehi khajjāmī’ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya atītesu saṅkhāresu anapekkho hoti; anāgate saṅkhāre nābhinandati; paccuppannānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
519『我现在被识所啮食。过去时我也同样被识所啮食,正如现在被现在的识所啮食。如果我欢喜未来的识,未来时我也将同样被识所啮食,正如现在被现在的识所啮食。』他如此省察后,对过去的识不期待;不欢喜未来的识;对现在的识,他行道于厌离、离贪、灭尽。
‘‘‘Ahaṃ kho etarahi viññāṇena khajjāmi. Atītampi addhānaṃ evameva viññāṇena khajjiṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena viññāṇena khajjāmi. Ahañceva kho pana anāgataṃ viññāṇaṃ abhinandeyyaṃ; anāgatampāhaṃ addhānaṃ evameva viññāṇena khajjeyyaṃ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena viññāṇena khajjāmī’ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya atītasmiṃ viññāṇasmiṃ anapekkho hoti; anāgataṃ viññāṇaṃ nābhinandati; paccuppannassa viññāṇassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
520「诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,适合认为『这是我的,这是我,这是我的我』吗?」「不适合,尊者。」「受……想……诸行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,适合认为『这是我的,这是我,这是我的我』吗?」「不适合,尊者。」「诸比丘,因此,凡任何色,无论过去、未来、现在,或内、或外,或粗、或细,或劣、或胜,或远、或近,一切色应以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』。凡任何受……凡任何想……凡任何诸行……凡任何识,无论过去、未来、现在……或远、或近,一切识应以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』。」
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā … saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ’’.
521「诸比丘,这称为圣弟子舍弃而不积聚;舍断而不执取;除去而不堆积;吹散而不聚集。舍弃什么而不积聚?舍弃色而不积聚;舍弃受……想……诸行……识而不积聚。舍断什么而不执取?舍断色而不执取;舍断受……想……诸行……识而不执取。除去什么而不堆积?除去色而不堆积;除去受……想……诸行……识而不堆积。吹散什么而不聚集?吹散色而不聚集;吹散受……想……诸行……识而不聚集。
‘‘Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako apacināti, no ācināti; pajahati , na upādiyati; visineti , na ussineti; vidhūpeti , na sandhūpeti. Kiñca apacināti, no ācināti? Rūpaṃ apacināti, no ācināti; vedanaṃ … saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ apacināti, no ācināti. Kiñca pajahati, na upādiyati? Rūpaṃ pajahati, na upādiyati; vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ pajahati, na upādiyati. Kiñca visineti, na ussineti? Rūpaṃ visineti, na ussineti; vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ visineti, na ussineti. Kiñca vidhūpeti, na sandhūpeti? Rūpaṃ vidhūpeti, na sandhūpeti; vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ vidhūpeti, na sandhūpeti.
522「诸比丘,如此见者,多闻圣弟子于色厌离,于受……于想……于诸行……于识厌离。厌离者离染;离染者解脱。解脱时,有『已解脱』之智。他了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在。』」
‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi… saññāyapi… saṅkhāresupi… viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.
523「诸比丘!这被称为比丘既不积聚也不散弃,散弃后住立既不舍断也不执取,舍断后住立既不驱散也不聚集,驱散后住立既不吹散也不熏染。吹散后住立,什么是既不积聚也不散弃?散弃后住立,对色既不积聚也不散弃;散弃后住立,对受……想……行……识既不积聚也不散弃。散弃后住立,什么是既不舍断也不执取?舍断后住立,对色既不舍断也不执取;舍断后住立,对受……想……行……识既不舍断也不执取。舍断后住立,什么是既不驱散也不聚集?驱散后住立,对色既不驱散也不聚集;驱散后住立,对受……想……行……识既不驱散也不聚集。驱散后住立,什么是既不吹散也不熏染?吹散后住立,对色既不吹散也不熏染;吹散后住立,对受……想……行……识既不吹散也不熏染。吹散后住立,诸比丘!如此心解脱的比丘,有因陀罗的诸天、有梵天的、有生主的,从远处礼敬——
‘‘Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nevācināti na apacināti, apacinitvā ṭhito neva pajahati na upādiyati, pajahitvā ṭhito neva visineti na ussineti, visinetvā ṭhito neva vidhūpeti na sandhūpeti. Vidhūpetvā ṭhito kiñca nevācināti na apacināti? Apacinitvā ṭhito rūpaṃ nevācināti na apacināti; apacinitvā ṭhito vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ nevācināti na apacināti. Apacinitvā ṭhito kiñca neva pajahati na upādiyati? Pajahitvā ṭhito rūpaṃ neva pajahati na upādiyati; pajahitvā ṭhito vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ neva pajahati na upādiyati. Pajahitvā ṭhito kiñca neva visineti na ussineti? Visinetvā ṭhito rūpaṃ neva visineti na ussineti; visinetvā ṭhito vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ neva visineti na ussineti. Visinetvā ṭhito kiñca neva vidhūpeti na sandhūpeti? Vidhūpetvā ṭhito rūpaṃ neva vidhūpeti na sandhūpeti; vidhūpetvā ṭhito vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ neva vidhūpeti na sandhūpeti. Vidhūpetvā ṭhito evaṃvimuttacittaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ saindā devā sabrahmakā sapajāpatikā ārakāva namassanti –
524「礼敬你,人中良驹!礼敬你,人中至上者!
‘‘Namo te purisājañña, namo te purisuttama;
525「我们不了知你所依而禅修的是什么。」第七经
Yassa te nābhijānāma, yampi nissāya jhāyasī’’ti. sattamaṃ;
5268. 团食经
8. Piṇḍolyasuttaṃ
5278. 团食经
8. Piṇḍolyasuttaṃ
80一时,世尊住在释迦国咖毕拉瓦图城尼拘律园。那时,世尊因某事遣散比丘僧团后,在上午时分穿好衣,拿着钵与衣,进入咖毕拉瓦图城托钵。在咖毕拉瓦图城托钵后,食后从施食处返回,前往大林作日中住。进入大林后,在贝卢瓦喇提咖树下坐下作日中住。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho bhagavā kismiñcideva pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇāmetvā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya kapilavatthuṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Kapilavatthusmiṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena mahāvanaṃ tenupasaṅkami divāvihārāya . Mahāvanaṃ ajjhogāhetvā beluvalaṭṭhikāya mūle divāvihāraṃ nisīdi.
529那时,世尊独自远离、独处时,心中生起如此的寻思:「我已遣散比丘僧团。这里有些比丘是新的、刚出家不久、新近来到这法与律。他们不见我,可能会有变异,可能会有改变。譬如幼小的犊牛不见母亲,可能会有变异,可能会有改变,同样地,这里有些比丘是新的、刚出家不久、新近来到这法与律,他们不见我,可能会有变异,可能会有改变。譬如幼嫩的种子得不到水,可能会有变异,可能会有改变,同样地,这里有些……他们得不到见我,可能会有变异,可能会有改变。我何不如以前我护持比丘僧团那样,现在也护持比丘僧团呢?」
Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘mayā kho bhikkhusaṅgho pabāḷho. Santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ. Tesaṃ mamaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi nāma vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṃ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo, evameva santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ tesaṃ mamaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi nāma bījānaṃ taruṇānaṃ udakaṃ alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo, evameva santettha…pe… tesaṃ mamaṃ alabhantānaṃ dassanāya siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yatheva mayā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito, evameva etarahi anuggaṇheyyaṃ bhikkhusaṅgha’’nti.
530那时,梵天沙汉巴帝以心了知世尊心中的寻思——譬如有力的男子伸曲的手臂或曲伸开的手臂那样——从梵天界消失,出现在世尊面前。那时,梵天沙汉巴帝把上衣偏袒一肩,向世尊合掌后对世尊这样说:「正是这样,世尊!正是这样,善逝!尊者!世尊已遣散比丘僧团。这里有些比丘是新的、刚出家不久、新近来到这法与律。他们不见世尊,可能会有变异,可能会有改变。譬如幼小的犊牛不见母亲,可能会有变异,可能会有改变,同样地,这里有些比丘是新的、刚出家不久、新近来到这法与律,他们不见世尊,可能会有变异,可能会有改变。譬如幼嫩的种子得不到水,可能会有变异,可能会有改变,同样地,这里有些比丘是新的、刚出家不久、新近来到这法与律,他们得不到见世尊,可能会有变异,可能会有改变。尊者!愿世尊欢喜比丘僧团!尊者!愿世尊欢迎比丘僧团!愿世尊如以前护持比丘僧团那样,现在也护持比丘僧团!」
Atha kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – brahmaloke antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘evametaṃ, bhagavā; evametaṃ, sugata ! Bhagavato, bhante, bhikkhusaṅgho pabāḷho. Santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ. Tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi nāma vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṃ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo, evameva santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi nāma bījānaṃ taruṇānaṃ udakaṃ alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo, evameva santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ alabhantānaṃ dassanāya siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo. Abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Yatheva bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito, evameva etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅgha’’nti.
531世尊以沉默同意了。那时,梵天沙汉巴帝了知世尊的同意后,礼敬世尊,作右绕后,就在那里消失了。
Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyi.
532那时,世尊在傍晚时分从独处中出来,前往尼拘律园;抵达后,在已设置的座位上坐下。坐下后,世尊作了如此的神通变化,使那些比丘一两人一组地带着羞愧的样子来到世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那些比丘,世尊对他们这样说:
Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena nigrodhārāmo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā tathārūpaṃ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkhāsi yathā te bhikkhū (ekadvīhikāya sārajjamānarūpā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkameyyuṃ. Tepi bhikkhū ) ekadvīhikāya sārajjamānarūpā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca –
533「诸比丘,这是生计中最下劣的,即托钵乞食。诸比丘,在世间这是一种诅咒:『你手持钵游行乞食。』然而,诸比丘,善男子们为了义利而从事此事,依于义利;既非被国王所驱使,也非被盗贼所驱使,非为债务所迫,非为恐惧所迫,非为生计所迫;而是:『我们被生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼所淹没,被苦所淹没,为苦所困,或许这整个苦蕴的灭尽可被了知。』」
‘‘Antamidaṃ, bhikkhave, jīvikānaṃ yadidaṃ piṇḍolyaṃ. Abhisāpoyaṃ, bhikkhave, lokasmiṃ piṇḍolo vicarasi pattapāṇīti. Tañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, kulaputtā upenti atthavasikā, atthavasaṃ paṭicca; neva rājābhinītā, na corābhinītā, na iṇaṭṭā, na bhayaṭṭā, na ājīvikāpakatā; api ca kho otiṇṇāmha jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇā dukkhaparetā appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethāti.
534「诸比丘,这位善男子如此出家。然而他贪婪,对诸欲有强烈的贪欲,心怀嗔恨,意向恶意,失念,不正知,不得定,心散乱,诸根放逸。诸比丘,犹如火葬场的木柴,两端燃烧,中间沾满粪便,既不能在村中作为木材使用,也不能在林中作为木材使用。诸比丘,我说此人亦如是,既失去在家的享受,也不圆满沙门的目的。」
‘‘Evaṃ pabbajito cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kulaputto. So ca hoti abhijjhālu kāmesu tibbasārāgo byāpannacitto paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo muṭṭhassati asampajāno asamāhito vibbhantacitto pākatindriyo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave , chavālātaṃ ubhatopadittaṃ majjhe gūthagataṃ, neva gāme kaṭṭhatthaṃ pharati, nāraññe kaṭṭhatthaṃ pharati. Tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi gihibhogā ca parihīno, sāmaññatthañca na paripūreti.
535诸比丘,有此三种不善寻思——欲寻思、嗔恚寻思、伤害寻思。诸比丘,此三种不善寻思在何处无余灭尽?对于心善安住于四念处者,或修习无相定者。诸比丘,仅此就足以修习无相定。诸比丘,无相定已修习、已多修习,有大果、有大利益。
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, akusalavitakkā – kāmavitakko, byāpādavitakko, vihiṃsāvitakko. Ime ca bhikkhave, tayo akusalavitakkā kva aparisesā nirujjhanti? Catūsu vā satipaṭṭhānesu suppatiṭṭhitacittassa viharato animittaṃ vā samādhiṃ bhāvayato. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva animitto samādhi bhāvetuṃ. Animitto, bhikkhave, samādhi bhāvito bahulīkato mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso.
536「诸比丘,有此二见——有见与无有见。诸比丘,于此,多闻圣弟子如此省察:『世间有任何事物,我执取它而不会受责难吗?』他如此了知:『世间没有任何事物,我执取它而不会受责难。我若执取,只会执取色,只会执取受……只会执取想……只会执取行……只会执取识。以我的取为缘而有有;以有为缘而有生;以生为缘,老死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼会生起。如此,这整个苦蕴会集起。』」
‘‘Dvemā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiyo – bhavadiṭṭhi ca vibhavadiṭṭhi ca. Tatra kho, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘atthi nu kho taṃ kiñci lokasmiṃ yamahaṃ upādiyamāno na vajjavā assa’nti? So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘natthi nu kho taṃ kiñci lokasmiṃ yamahaṃ upādiyamāno na vajjavā assaṃ. Ahañhi rūpaññeva upādiyamāno upādiyeyyaṃ vedanaññeva… saññaññeva… saṅkhāreyeva viññāṇaññeva upādiyamāno upādiyeyyaṃ. Tassa me assa upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhaveyyuṃ. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo assā’’’ti.
537「诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,适合认为『这是我的,这是我,这是我的我』吗?」「不适合,尊者。」「受……想……行……识……(中略)……诸比丘,因此,如是见者……他了知『不再有后有』。」第八经。
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ…pe… tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ passaṃ… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
5389. 巴利雷亚经
9. Pālileyyasuttaṃ
5399. 巴利雷亚经
9. Pālileyyasuttaṃ
81一时,世尊住在国桑比城瞿师罗园。尔时,世尊于清晨时分着衣持钵,进入国桑比城托钵。在国桑比城托钵后,食后从施食处返回,自己整理住处,持衣钵,未告知侍者,未回顾比丘僧团,独自无伴侣地出发游行。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya kosambiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Kosambiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto sāmaṃ senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya anāmantetvā upaṭṭhāke anapaloketvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ eko adutiyo cārikaṃ pakkāmi.
541尔时,某位比丘在世尊离去不久,前往具寿阿难处;抵达后,对具寿阿难说此:「贤友阿难,世尊自己整理住处,持衣钵,未告知侍者,未回顾比丘僧团,独自无伴侣地出发游行。」「贤友,当世尊自己整理住处,持衣钵,未告知侍者,未回顾比丘僧团,独自无伴侣地出发游行时,世尊在那时欲独住;在那时,世尊不应被任何人跟随。」
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu acirapakkantassa bhagavato yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘esāvuso, ānanda, bhagavā sāmaṃ senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya anāmantetvā upaṭṭhāke anapaloketvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ eko adutiyo cārikaṃ pakkanto’’ti. ‘‘Yasmiṃ, āvuso, samaye bhagavā sāmaṃ senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya anāmantetvā upaṭṭhāke anapaloketvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ eko adutiyo cārikaṃ pakkamati, ekova bhagavā tasmiṃ samaye viharitukāmo hoti; na bhagavā tasmiṃ samaye kenaci anubandhitabbo hotī’’ti.
542尔时,世尊次第游行,抵达巴利雷亚咖。世尊住在巴利雷亚咖的跋陀娑罗树下。尔时,众多比丘前往具寿阿难处;抵达后,与具寿阿难互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那些比丘对具寿阿难说此:「贤友阿难,我们很久没有在世尊面前听闻法谈了;贤友阿难,我们希望在世尊面前听闻法谈。」
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena pālileyyakaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā pālileyyake viharati bhaddasālamūle. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘cirassutā kho no, āvuso ānanda, bhagavato sammukhā dhammī kathā; icchāma mayaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bhagavato sammukhā dhammiṃ kathaṃ sotu’’nti.
543那时,具寿阿难与那些比丘一起前往巴利雷亚咖的跋陀娑罗树下世尊所在之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使那些坐于一旁的比丘欢喜。当时,某位比丘心中生起如此寻思:『如何知、如何见,能无间灭尽诸漏?』那时,世尊以心知晓那位比丘的心中寻思后,告诉诸比丘:『诸比丘,我已详细开示法;已详细开示四念处;已详细开示四正勤;已详细开示四神足;已详细开示五根;已详细开示五力;已详细开示七觉支;已详细开示圣八支道。诸比丘,我已如此详细开示法。诸比丘,我已如此详细开示法,然而某位比丘心中生起如此寻思:如何知、如何见,能无间灭尽诸漏?』
Atha kho āyasmā ānando tehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ yena pālileyyakaṃ bhaddasālamūlaṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho jānato kathaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hotī’’ti? Atha kho bhagavā tassa bhikkhuno cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘vicayaso desito, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo; vicayaso desitā cattāro satipaṭṭhānā; vicayaso desitā cattāro sammappadhānā; vicayaso desitā cattāro iddhipādā; vicayaso desitāni pañcindriyāni; vicayaso desitāni pañca balāni; vicayaso desitā sattabojjhaṅgā; vicayaso desito ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. Evaṃ vicayaso desito, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo. Evaṃ vicayaso desite kho, bhikkhave, mayā dhamme atha ca panidhekaccassa bhikkhuno evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘kathaṃ nu kho jānato kathaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hotī’’’ti?
544「诸比丘!如何知、如何见,能即刻灭尽诸漏呢?诸比丘!于此,未受教导的凡夫,不见诸圣者,不熟练圣法,未受圣法调御,不见诸善人,不熟练善人法,未受善人法调御,随观色为我。诸比丘!凡彼随观,那是行。而彼行以什么为因、以什么为集、从什么而生、以什么为源?诸比丘!当未受教导的凡夫被无明触所生的所受触时,生起渴爱;从彼而生那行。诸比丘!如此,彼行也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。彼渴爱也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。彼受也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。彼触也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。彼无明也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。诸比丘!如此知、如此见,能即刻灭尽诸漏。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, jānato kathaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti? Idha bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati. Yā kho pana sā, bhikkhave, samanupassanā saṅkhāro so. So pana saṅkhāro kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo? Avijjāsamphassajena, bhikkhave, vedayitena phuṭṭhassa assutavato puthujjanassa uppannā taṇhā; tatojo so saṅkhāro. Iti kho, bhikkhave, sopi saṅkhāro anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Sāpi taṇhā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Sāpi vedanā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Sopi phasso anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Sāpi avijjā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā . Evampi kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.
545「他不随观色为我;但随观有色之我。诸比丘!凡彼随观,那是行。而彼行以什么为因、以什么为集、从什么而生、以什么为源?诸比丘!当未受教导的凡夫被无明触所生的所受触时,生起渴爱;从彼而生那行。诸比丘!如此,彼行也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。彼渴爱……彼受……彼触……彼无明也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。诸比丘!如此知、如此见,能即刻灭尽诸漏。
‘‘Na heva kho rūpaṃ attato samanupassati; api ca kho rūpavantaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati. Yā kho pana sā, bhikkhave, samanupassanā saṅkhāro so. So pana saṅkhāro kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo? Avijjāsamphassajena, bhikkhave, vedayitena phuṭṭhassa assutavato puthujjanassa uppannā taṇhā; tatojo so saṅkhāro. Iti kho, bhikkhave, sopi saṅkhāro anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Sāpi taṇhā… sāpi vedanā… sopi phasso… sāpi avijjā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.
546「他不随观色为我,不随观有色之我;但随观我中有色。诸比丘!凡彼随观,那是行。而彼行以什么为因、以什么为集、从什么而生、以什么为源?诸比丘!当未受教导的凡夫被无明触所生的所受触时,生起渴爱;从彼而生那行。诸比丘!如此,彼行也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。彼渴爱……彼受……彼触……彼无明也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。诸比丘!如此知、如此见,能即刻灭尽诸漏。
‘‘Na heva kho rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati; api ca kho attani rūpaṃ samanupassati. Yā kho pana sā, bhikkhave , samanupassanā saṅkhāro so. So pana saṅkhāro kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo? Avijjāsamphassajena, bhikkhave, vedayitena phuṭṭhassa assutavato puthujjanassa uppannā taṇhā; tatojo so saṅkhāro. Iti kho, bhikkhave, sopi saṅkhāro anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Sāpi taṇhā… sāpi vedanā… sopi phasso… sāpi avijjā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.
547「他不把色看作是我,也不把有形色的我当作我,不把色看作在我之中;但把‘我’看作在色之中。诸比丘!凡这样随观的,那是一种行。而这种行以什么为因、以什么为集、从什么而生、以什么为源?诸比丘!当未受教导的凡夫被无明触所生的受触及之时,渴爱便生起;那行就从渴爱而生。诸比丘!如此,这种行也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。这种渴爱……这种受……这种触……这种无明,也都是无常的、有为的、缘起的。诸比丘!如此如实了知……诸漏得以灭尽。
‘‘Na heva kho rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati, na attani rūpaṃ samanupassati; api ca kho rūpasmiṃ attānaṃ samanupassati. Yā kho pana sā, bhikkhave, samanupassanā saṅkhāro so. So pana saṅkhāro kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo? Avijjāsamphassajena, bhikkhave, vedayite phuṭṭhassa assutavato puthujjanassa uppannā taṇhā; tatojo so saṅkhāro. Iti kho, bhikkhave, sopi saṅkhāro anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Sāpi taṇhā … sāpi vedanā… sopi phasso… sāpi avijjā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, jānato…pe… āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.
548「他不随观色为我,不随观有色之我,不随观我中有色,不随观色中有我;但随观受为我,但随观有受之我,但随观我中有受,但随观受中有我;但随观想……但随观诸行为我,但随观有行之我,但随观我中有诸行,但随观诸行中有我;但随观识为我,但随观有识之我,但随观我中有识,但随观识中有我。诸比丘!凡彼随观,那是行。而彼行以什么为因……以什么为源?诸比丘!当未受教导的凡夫被无明触所生的所受触时,生起渴爱;从彼而生那行。诸比丘!如此,彼行也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。彼渴爱……彼受……彼触……彼无明也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。诸比丘!如此知、如此见,能即刻灭尽诸漏。
‘‘Na heva kho rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ attānaṃ, na attani rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ attānaṃ samanupassati; api ca kho vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, api ca kho vedanāvantaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati, api ca kho attani vedanaṃ samanupassati, api ca kho vedanāya attānaṃ samanupassati; api ca kho saññaṃ… api ca kho saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, api ca kho saṅkhāravantaṃ attānaṃ samanupassati, api ca kho attani saṅkhāre samanupassati, api ca kho saṅkhāresu attānaṃ samanupassati; api ca kho viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, api ca kho viññāṇavantaṃ attānaṃ, api ca kho attani viññāṇaṃ, api ca kho viññāṇasmiṃ attānaṃ samanupassati. Yā kho pana sā, bhikkhave, samanupassanā saṅkhāro so. So pana saṅkhāro kiṃnidāno…pe… kiṃpabhavo? Avijjāsamphassajena, bhikkhave, vedayite phuṭṭhassa assutavato puthujjanassa uppannā taṇhā; tatojo so saṅkhāro. Iti kho, bhikkhave, sopi saṅkhāro anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Sāpi taṇhā… sāpi vedanā… sopi phasso … sāpi avijjā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.
549「他不随观色为我,不随观受为我,不随观想……不随观诸行……不随观识为我;但有这样的见:『那我、那世间,死后我将成为常的、坚固的、恒的、不变易法。』诸比丘!凡彼常见,那是行。而彼行以什么为因……如此知、如此见,能即刻灭尽诸漏。
‘‘Na heva kho rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati; api ca kho evaṃdiṭṭhi hoti – ‘so attā so loko, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo’ti. Yā kho pana sā, bhikkhave, sassatadiṭṭhi saṅkhāro so. So pana saṅkhāro kiṃnidāno…pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.
550「他不随观色为我,不随观受……不随观想……不随观诸行……不随观识为我;也没有这样的见:『那我、那世间,死后我将成为常的、坚固的、恒的、不变易法。』但有这样的见:『愿我不存在,愿我不有;我将不存在,我将不有。』诸比丘!凡彼断见,那是行。而彼行以什么为因、以什么为集、从什么而生、以什么为源?诸比丘!当未受教导的凡夫被无明触所生的所受触时,生起渴爱;从彼而生那行。诸比丘!如此,彼行也是无常的……如此知、如此见,能即刻灭尽诸漏。」
‘‘Na heva kho rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na vedanaṃ … na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati; nāpi evaṃdiṭṭhi hoti – ‘so attā so loko, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo’ti. Api ca kho evaṃdiṭṭhi hoti – ‘no cassaṃ no ca me siyā nābhavissaṃ na me bhavissatī’ti. Yā kho pana sā, bhikkhave, ucchedadiṭṭhi saṅkhāro so. So pana saṅkhāro kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo? Avijjāsamphassajena, bhikkhave, vedayitena phuṭṭhassa assutavato puthujjanassa uppannā taṇhā; tatojo so saṅkhāro. Iti kho, bhikkhave, sopi saṅkhāro anicco…pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.
551他既不随观色为我,不随观受……不随观想……不随观行……不随观识为我……(中略)……不随观识中有我,也没有这样的见:「那个我,那个世间,我死后将成为常、恒、永恒、不变易之法」;也没有这样的见:「我将不存在,我将不会有;我将不存在,我将不会有」;但是,他对正法怀疑、犹豫、未得决定。诸比丘,凡对正法的怀疑、犹豫、未得决定,那是行。而那个行以什么为因、以什么为集、从什么而生、以什么为源?诸比丘,对于未受教导的凡夫,被无明触所生之受所触时,生起渴爱;从那里生起那个行。诸比丘,如此,那个行也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。那个渴爱也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。那个受也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。那个触也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。那个无明也是无常的、有为的、缘起的。诸比丘,如此知、如此见者,即刻诸漏尽。」第九经。
‘‘Na heva kho rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati…pe… na viññāṇasmiṃ attato samanupassati, nāpi evaṃdiṭṭhi hoti – ‘so attā so loko, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo’ti; nāpi evaṃdiṭṭhi hoti – ‘no cassaṃ no ca me siyā nābhavissaṃ na me bhavissatī’ti; api ca kho kaṅkhī hoti vicikicchī aniṭṭhaṅgato saddhamme. Yā kho pana sā, bhikkhave, kaṅkhitā vicikicchitā aniṭṭhaṅgatatā saddhamme saṅkhāro so. So pana saṅkhāro kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo? Avijjāsamphassajena, bhikkhave, vedayitena phuṭṭhassa assutavato puthujjanassa uppannā taṇhā; tatojo so saṅkhāro. Iti kho, bhikkhave, sopi saṅkhāro anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Sāpi taṇhā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Sāpi vedanā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Sopi phasso anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Sāpi avijjā aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato anantarā āsavānaṃ khayo hotī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
55210. 满月经
10. Puṇṇamasuttaṃ
55310. 满月经
10. Puṇṇamasuttaṃ
82有一次,世尊住在沙瓦提城的东园鹿母讲堂,与一大群比丘们在一起。那时,在布萨日的十五号月圆之夜,世尊被比丘僧团围绕着,坐在露天的地方。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe pannarase puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto ajjhokāse nisinno hoti.
555那时,有一位比丘从座位上起来,将上衣搭在一边肩上,朝着世尊合掌致敬,对世尊这样说:‘尊者,我想问世尊一点法义,如果世尊为我解答问题给个机会的话。’‘那么,比丘,你就坐在自己的座位上,问你想问的吧。’‘好的,尊者。’那位比丘回答世尊后,坐在自己的座位上,对世尊这样说:‘尊者,这些就是五取蕴,也就是色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴吗?’
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘puccheyyāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ kiñcideva desaṃ, sace me bhagavā okāsaṃ karoti pañhassa veyyākaraṇāyā’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, sake āsane nisīditvā puccha yadākaṅkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā sake āsane nisīditvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ime nu kho, bhante, pañcupādānakkhandhā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho’’ti.
556‘比丘,这些就是五取蕴,也就是色取蕴……乃至……识取蕴。’‘好极了,尊者!’那位比丘对世尊所说的话欢喜、随喜之后,又进一步问世尊:
‘‘Ime kho pana, bhikkhu, pañcupādānakkhandhā; seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
557‘尊者,这五取蕴是以什么为根源的呢?’‘比丘,这五取蕴是以欲为根源的。’……‘尊者,那么,执取就是那五取蕴本身吗?还是执取在五取蕴之外呢?’‘比丘,执取既不是就是那五取蕴本身,也不是在五取蕴之外另有执取。而是,凡是在那里产生的欲贪,那就是在那里有执取。’‘好极了,尊者!’那位比丘……又进一步问:
‘‘Ime kho pana, bhante, pañcupādānakkhandhā kiṃmūlakā’’ti? ‘‘Ime kho, bhikkhu, pañcupādānakkhandhā chandamūlakā’’ti…pe… taññeva nu kho, bhante, upādānaṃ te pañcupādānakkhandhā udāhu aññatra pañcahi upādānakkhandhehi upādānanti? ‘‘Na kho, bhikkhu, taññeva upādānaṃ te pañcupādānakkhandhā nāpi aññatra pañcahi upādānakkhandhehi upādānaṃ, api ca yo tattha chandarāgo taṃ tattha upādāna’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
558「尊者,在五取蕴中,欲贪可能有差别吗?」「可能有,比丘。」世尊说:「比丘,这里,某人这样想:『愿我在未来世成为这样的色,愿我在未来世成为这样的受,愿我在未来世成为这样的想,愿我在未来世成为这样的行,愿我在未来世成为这样的识。』比丘,如此,在五取蕴中,欲贪可能有差别。」「善哉,尊者。」那位比丘……(中略)……问进一步的问题:
‘‘Siyā pana, bhante, pañcupādānakkhandhesu chandarāgavemattatā’’ti? ‘‘Siyā, bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca – ‘‘idha, bhikkhu, ekaccassa evaṃ hoti – ‘evaṃrūpo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃvedano siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃsañño siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, evaṃsaṅkhāro siyaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ , evaṃviññāṇo siyaṃ anāgatamaddhāna’nti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, siyā pañcupādānakkhandhesu chandarāgavemattatā’’ti? ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
559“尊者,在什么范围之内,才能被称为‘蕴’呢?”“比丘,任何色,无论是过去的、未来的、现在的,内在的或外在的,粗大的或微细的,低劣的或殊胜的,远处的或近处的,这就叫做色蕴。任何的受……任何的想……任何的行……任何的识,无论是过去的、未来的、现在的,内在的或外在的,粗大的或微细的,低劣的或殊胜的,远处的或近处的,这就叫做识蕴。比丘,就在这个范围之内,才能被称为‘蕴’。”“萨度,尊者!”那位比丘……又问:
‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, khandhānaṃ khandhādhivacana’’nti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, ayaṃ vuccati rūpakkhandho. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā … ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, ayaṃ vuccati viññāṇakkhandho. Ettāvatā kho, bhikkhu, khandhānaṃ khandhādhivacana’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… apucchi –
560“尊者,什么是色蕴得以被描述的原因、缘呢?什么是受蕴……想蕴……行蕴……识蕴得以被描述的原因、缘呢?”“比丘,四大种是原因,四大种是缘,使得色蕴得以被描述。触是原因,触是缘,使得受蕴得以被描述。触是原因,触是缘,使得想蕴得以被描述。触是原因,触是缘,使得行蕴得以被描述。名色是原因,名色是缘,使得识蕴得以被描述。”“萨度,尊者!”那位比丘……又问:
‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo rūpakkhandhassa paññāpanāya; ko hetu ko paccayo vedanākkhandhassa paññāpanāya; ko hetu ko paccayo saññākkhandhassa paññāpanāya; ko hetu ko paccayo saṅkhārakkhandhassa paññāpanāya; ko hetu ko paccayo viññāṇakkhandhassa paññāpanāyā’’ti? ‘‘Cattāro kho, bhikkhu, mahābhūtā hetu, cattāro mahābhūtā paccayo rūpakkhandhassa paññāpanāya. Phasso hetu phasso paccayo vedanākkhandhassa paññāpanāya. Phasso hetu phasso paccayo saññākkhandhassa paññāpanāya. Phasso hetu , phasso paccayo saṅkhārakkhandhassa paññāpanāya. Nāmarūpaṃ hetu, nāmarūpaṃ paccayo viññāṇakkhandhassa paññāpanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… apucchi –
561“尊者,有身见怎么样会生起呢?”“比丘,在这里,一个没听闻过法的凡夫,没见过圣者,不熟知圣法,在圣法中没有被调教过;没见过善士,不熟知善士法,在善士法中没有被调教过。他把色看作是我,或我拥有色,或色在我中,或我在色中;把受……把想……把行……把识看作是我,或我拥有识,或识在我中,或我在识中。比丘,就是这样,有身见会生起。”“萨度,尊者!”那位比丘……又问:
‘‘Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, sakkāyadiṭṭhi hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ… attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sakkāyadiṭṭhi hotī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… apucchi –
562「然而,尊者,如何无身见呢?」「比丘,于此,多闻的圣弟子,见圣者,熟练圣法,善受圣法调御,见善人,熟练善人法,善受善人法调御,不随观色为我,不随观我拥有色,不随观色在我中,不随观我在色中;不随观受……不随观想……不随观诸行……不随观识为我,不随观我拥有识,不随观识在我中,不随观我在识中。比丘,如此即无身见。」「善哉,尊者」,那位比丘……问道——
‘‘Kathaṃ pana, bhante, sakkāyadiṭṭhi na hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto, sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sakkāyadiṭṭhi na hotī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu , bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu…pe… apucchi –
563“尊者,什么是色的满足,什么是它的过患,什么是它的出离呢?什么是受的……什么是想的……什么是行的……什么是识的满足,什么是它的过患,什么是它的出离呢?”“比丘,依靠色而生起的快乐和喜悦——这是色的满足。色是无常的、是苦的、是会变坏的法——这是色的过患。对于色,调伏欲贪、舍断欲贪——这是色的出离。依靠受……依靠想……依靠行……依靠识而生起的快乐和喜悦——这是识的满足。识是无常的、是苦的、是会变坏的法——这是识的过患。对于识,调伏欲贪、舍断欲贪——这是识的出离。”“萨度,尊者!”那位比丘对世尊所说的话感到欢喜、随喜,继续问了世尊下一个问题:
‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, rūpassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ; ko vedanāya… ko saññāya… ko saṅkhārānaṃ… ko viññāṇassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇa’’nti? ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ – ayaṃ rūpassa assādo. Yaṃ rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ – ayaṃ rūpassa ādīnavo. Yo rūpasmiṃ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ – idaṃ rūpassa nissaraṇaṃ. Yaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca… yaṃ saññaṃ paṭicca… ye saṅkhāre paṭicca… yaṃ viññāṇaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ – ayaṃ viññāṇassa assādo. Yaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ – ayaṃ viññāṇassa ādīnavo. Yo viññāṇasmiṃ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ – idaṃ viññāṇassa nissaraṇa’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
564「尊者,如何知、如何见,于此有识之身及外一切诸相,我作、我所作、慢随眠不存在呢?」「比丘,凡任何色,过去、未来、现在,或内、或外,或粗、或细,或劣、或胜,或远、或近,一切色——『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,以正慧如实见此。凡任何受……凡任何想……凡任何诸行……凡任何识,过去、未来、现在,或内、或外,或粗、或细,或劣、或胜,或远、或近,一切识——『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我』,以正慧如实见此。比丘,如此知、如此见,于此有识之身及外一切诸相,我作、我所作、慢随眠不存在。」
‘‘Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato, kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ – ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti.
565尔时,某位比丘生起如此心思惟:「如此,尊者,色是无我,受……想……诸行……识是无我;无我所作的诸业将如何触及我呢?」于是世尊以心了知那位比丘的心思惟后,告诉诸比丘——
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘iti kira bho rūpaṃ anattā, vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā; anattakatāni kammāni kathamattānaṃ phusissantī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā tassa bhikkhuno cetasā ceto parivitakkamaññāya bhikkhū āmantesi –
566「诸比丘,确实可能有某愚痴人,无智,为无明所缚,以渴爱为主的心,认为应超越导师的教诫。『如此,尊者,色是无我,受……想……诸行……识是无我。无我所作的诸业将如何触及我呢?』诸比丘,你们在那些那些法上,已受反问调御。
‘‘Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco moghapuriso avidvā avijjāgato taṇhādhipateyyena cetasā satthusāsanaṃ atidhāvitabbaṃ maññeyya. Iti kira, bho, rūpaṃ anattā, vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā. Anattakatāni kammāni kathamattānaṃ phusissantīti? Paṭipucchāvinītā kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, tatra tatra tesu tesu dhammesu.
567「诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「受……想……诸行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,适合随观『这是我的,这我是,这是我的我』吗?」「确实不适合,尊者。」因此于此……如此见……不再有此存在,他了知。」
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti ? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. Tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti.
568「两蕴仅此而已,且因缘故有名称;
‘‘Dve khandhā taññeva siyaṃ, adhivacanañca hetunā;
569以有身与欲的认知说了二种;
Sakkāyena duve vuttā, assādaviññāṇakena ca;
570这十种已被说过,(这是)比丘的提问。” 第十。
Ete dasavidhā vuttā, hoti bhikkhu pucchāyā’’ti. dasamaṃ;
571可啮食品第八
Khajjanīyavaggo aṭṭhamo.
572其摄颂──
Tassuddānaṃ –
573其摄颂──
Tassuddānaṃ –
574乐味,两种集,关于阿拉汉的另有两者;
Assādo dve samudayā, arahantehi apare dve;
575狮子、食啖、团食、巴利来亚与满。
Sīho khajjanī piṇḍolyaṃ, pālileyyena puṇṇamāti.
5769. 长老品
9. Theravaggo
5771. 阿难经
1. Ānandasuttaṃ
5789. 长老品
9. Theravaggo
5791. 阿难经
1. Ānandasuttaṃ
83舍卫城因缘。在那里,具寿阿难对诸比丘说道:“贤友们,比丘们!”那些比丘回应具寿阿难:“贤友!”具寿阿难说了以下的话:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tatra kho āyasmā ānando bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso, bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā ānando etadavoca –
581“朋友们,有位名为富楼那的尊者,是曼达尼的儿子,对我们这些新学比丘帮助很大。他用这样的教诫教导我们:‘阿难朋友,是凭着执取而有“我是”的想法,不是没有执取。凭着执取什么而有“我是”的想法,不是没有执取呢?凭着执取色而有“我是”的想法,不是没有执取。凭着执取受……凭着执取想……凭着执取行……凭着执取识而有“我是”的想法,不是没有执取。’
‘‘Puṇṇo nāma, āvuso, āyasmā mantāṇiputto amhākaṃ navakānaṃ sataṃ bahūpakāro hoti. So amhe iminā ovādena ovadati – ‘upādāya, āvuso ānanda, asmīti hoti, no anupādāya. Kiñca upādāya asmīti hoti, no anupādāya? Rūpaṃ upādāya asmīti hoti, no anupādāya. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ upādāya asmīti hoti, no anupādāya’’’.
582「贤友阿难,譬如妇女或男子,年轻、青春、喜好装饰,在镜子或清净、明净、清澈的水钵中观察自己的面相,会执取而见,不会不执取而见;同样地,贤友阿难,执取色而有『我是』,不会不执取而有。执取受……想……行……识而有『我是』,不会不执取而有。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, āvuso ānanda, itthī vā puriso vā daharo yuvā maṇḍanakajātiko ādāse vā parisuddhe pariyodāte acche vā udakapatte sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno upādāya passeyya, no anupādāya; evameva kho, āvuso ānanda, rūpaṃ upādāya asmīti hoti, no anupādāya. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ upādāya asmīti hoti, no anupādāya.
583「贤友阿难,你怎么想:『色是常还是无常?』」「无常,贤友。」「受……想……行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,贤友。」「因此在此……如是见……不再有此状态。」具寿,名为满答尼子的具寿对我们这些新学者很有帮助。他以此教诫教诫我们。而且我听了具寿满答尼子的这个法的开示后,现观了法。第一。
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso ānanda, ‘rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’’ti? ‘Aniccaṃ, āvuso’. Vedanā… saññā … saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’ti? ‘Aniccaṃ, āvuso’. Tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātīti. Puṇṇo nāma āvuso āyasmā mantāṇiputto amhākaṃ navakānaṃ sataṃ bahūpakāro hoti. So amhe iminā ovādena ovadati. Idañca pana me āyasmato puṇṇassa mantāṇiputtassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā dhammo abhisamitoti. Paṭhamaṃ.
5842. 帝萨经
2. Tissasuttaṃ
5852. 帝萨经
2. Tissasuttaṃ
84舍卫城因缘。尔时,具寿帝萨——世尊的姑母之子——向众多比丘如此告知:「贤友们,我的身体好像得了甜病;方向对我也不清楚;诸法也不现起于我;昏沉睡眠遍取我的心而住;我不乐于修梵行;我对诸法有疑惑。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā tisso bhagavato pitucchāputto sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evamāroceti – ‘‘api me, āvuso, madhurakajāto viya kāyo; disāpi me na pakkhāyanti; dhammāpi maṃ na paṭibhanti; thinamiddhañca me cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati; anabhirato ca brahmacariyaṃ carāmi; hoti ca me dhammesu vicikicchā’’ti.
587那时,众多比丘去到世尊那里;到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,世尊的堂弟之子具寿帝思沙向众多比丘如此告知:『贤友们,我的身体变得甜蜜(舒适);方向对我也不清楚;诸法也不现起于我;昏沉睡眠遍取我的心而住;我不乐于修梵行;我对诸法有疑惑。』」
Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘āyasmā, bhante, tisso bhagavato pitucchāputto sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evamāroceti – ‘api me, āvuso, madhurakajāto viya kāyo; disāpi me na pakkhāyanti; dhammāpi maṃ na paṭibhanti; thinamiddhañca me cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati; anabhirato ca brahmacariyaṃ carāmi; hoti ca me dhammesu vicikicchā’’’ti.
588于是世尊对某位比丘说:『来吧,比丘,以我的名义召唤帝思沙比丘。』『是的,尊者。』那位比丘应诺世尊后,去到尊者帝思沙那里。到了之后,对尊者帝思沙这样说:『贤友帝思沙,导师召唤你。』『是的,贤友。』尊者帝思沙应诺那位比丘后,去到世尊那里。到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。世尊对坐在一边的尊者帝思沙这样说:『帝思沙,听说你确实对许多比丘这样说:』贤友们,我的身体好像中毒了……
Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena tissaṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yenāyasmā tisso tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ tissaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘satthā taṃ, āvuso tissa, āmantetī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā tisso tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ tissaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, tissa, sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evamārocesi – ‘api me, āvuso, madhurakajāto viya kāyo…pe… hoti ca me dhammesu vicikicchā’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, tissa, rūpe avigatarāgassa avigatacchandassa avigatapemassa avigatapipāsassa avigatapariḷāhassa avigatataṇhassa, tassa rūpassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
589“很好,很好,蒂萨!蒂萨,正是这样。正如对色没有离欲的人那样……对受……对想……对行没有离欲的人那样……这些行的变异、变化,就会生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼吗?”“是的,尊者。”
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, tissa! Evañhetaṃ, tissa, hoti. Yathā taṃ rūpe avigatarāgassa… vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu avigatarāgassa…pe… tesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
590「善哉,善哉,帝思沙!帝思沙,确实如此。如对识未离贪、未离欲、未离爱、未离渴、未离热恼、未离渴爱者,由于那识的变易、变异,会生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼吗?」「是的,尊者。」
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, tissa! Evañhetaṃ, tissa, hoti. Yathā taṃ viññāṇe avigatarāgassa avigatacchandassa avigatapemassa avigatapipāsassa avigatapariḷāhassa avigatataṇhassa, tassa viññāṇassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
591「善哉,善哉,帝思沙!帝思沙,确实如此。如对识未离贪者。帝思沙,你怎么想:对色已离贪、已离欲、已离爱、已离渴、已离热恼、已离渴爱者,由于那色的变易、变异,会生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼吗?」「不会,尊者。」
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, tissa! Evañhetaṃ, tissa, hoti. Yathā taṃ viññāṇe avigatarāgassa. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, tissa, rūpe vigatarāgassa vigatacchandassa vigatapemassa vigatapipāsassa vigatapariḷāhassa vigatataṇhassa, tassa rūpassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
592「善哉!善哉!帝思沙!帝思沙,确实如此。如对色已离贪者……对受……对想……对诸行已离贪者……对识已离贪、已离欲、已离爱、已离渴、已离热恼、已离渴爱者,由于彼识的变易、异变,会生起愁、悲、苦、忧、恼吗?」「不会,尊者。」
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, tissa! Evañhetaṃ, tissa, hoti. Yathā taṃ rūpe vigatarāgassa… vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu vigatarāgassa… viññāṇe vigatarāgassa vigatacchandassa vigatapemassa vigatapipāsassa vigatapariḷāhassa vigatataṇhassa tassa viññāṇassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
593「善哉!善哉!帝思沙!帝思沙,确实如此。如对识已离贪者。帝思沙,你认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「受……想……诸行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「因此,在此……如是见者……他了知『不再有此存在』。」
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, tissa! Evañhetaṃ, tissa, hoti. Yathā taṃ viññāṇe vigatarāgassa. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, tissa, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā … saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. Tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti.
594「帝思沙,譬如有两个人——一个人不熟悉道路,一个人熟悉道路。那位不熟悉道路的人向那位熟悉道路的人询问道路。他如此说:『来吧,尊者!这是道路。沿着它走一会儿。走一会儿后,你将看见岔路,在那里舍弃左边,取右边。沿着它走一会儿。走一会儿后,你将看见茂密的丛林。沿着它走一会儿。走一会儿后,你将看见大低洼沼泽。沿着它走一会儿。走一会儿后,你将看见陡峭的悬崖。沿着它走一会儿。走一会儿后,你将看见平坦可爱的地面。』」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, tissa, dve purisā – eko puriso amaggakusalo, eko puriso maggakusalo. Tamenaṃ so amaggakusalo puriso amuṃ maggakusalaṃ purisaṃ maggaṃ puccheyya. So evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ehi, bho purisa, ayaṃ maggo. Tena muhuttaṃ gaccha. Tena muhuttaṃ gantvā dakkhissasi dvedhāpathaṃ, tattha vāmaṃ muñcitvā dakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhāhi. Tena muhuttaṃ gaccha. Tena muhuttaṃ gantvā dakkhissasi tibbaṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ. Tena muhuttaṃ gaccha. Tena muhuttaṃ gantvā dakkhissasi mahantaṃ ninnaṃ pallalaṃ . Tena muhuttaṃ gaccha. Tena muhuttaṃ gantvā dakkhissasi sobbhaṃ papātaṃ. Tena muhuttaṃ gaccha. Tena muhuttaṃ gantvā dakkhissasi samaṃ bhūmibhāgaṃ ramaṇīya’’’nti.
595「帝思沙,我作此譬喻是为了说明义理。这里的义理是:『不熟悉道路的人』,帝思沙,这是凡夫的同义语。『熟悉道路的人』,帝思沙,这是如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者的同义语。『岔路』,帝思沙,这是疑的同义语。『左边的道路』,帝思沙,这是八支邪道的同义语,即:邪见……乃至……邪定。『右边的道路』,帝思沙,这是圣八支道的同义语,即:正见……乃至……正定。『茂密的丛林』,帝思沙,这是无明的同义语。『大低洼沼泽』,帝思沙,这是诸欲的同义语。『陡峭的悬崖』,帝思沙,这是忿怒恼害的同义语。『平坦可爱的地面』,帝思沙,这是涅槃的同义语。帝思沙,欢喜吧!帝思沙,欢喜吧!我以劝诫、以摄受、以教诫。」
‘‘Upamā kho myāyaṃ, tissa, katā atthassa viññāpanāya. Ayaṃ cevettha attho – ‘puriso amaggakusalo’ti kho, tissa, puthujjanassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Puriso maggakusalo’ti kho, tissa, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. ‘Dvedhāpatho’ti kho, tissa, vicikicchāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ . ‘Vāmo maggo’ti kho, tissa, aṭṭhaṅgikassetaṃ micchāmaggassa adhivacanaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – micchādiṭṭhiyā…pe… micchāsamādhissa. ‘Dakkhiṇo maggo’ti kho, tissa, ariyassetaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa adhivacanaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhiyā…pe… sammāsamādhissa. ‘Tibbo vanasaṇḍo’ti kho, tissa, avijjāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Mahantaṃ ninnaṃ pallala’nti kho, tissa, kāmānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Sobbho papāto’ti kho, tissa, kodhūpāyāsassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Samo bhūmibhāgo ramaṇīyo’ti kho, tissa, nibbānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Abhirama, tissa, abhirama, tissa! Ahamovādena ahamanuggahena ahamanusāsaniyā’’ti .
596世尊说了这些。提萨尊者心悦诚服,对世尊的教导感到欢喜。第二经。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā tisso bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti. Dutiyaṃ.
5973. 焰摩迦经
3. Yamakasuttaṃ
5983. 焰摩迦经
3. Yamakasuttaṃ
85有一次,舍利弗尊者住在沙瓦提城的揭德林给孤独园。那时,有一位名叫亚玛卡的比丘,生起了这样的恶邪见:“我这样理解世尊所教导的法,一个漏尽的比丘,在身体坏灭之后,就断灭、消失,死后就不再存在了。”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā sāriputto sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena yamakassa nāma bhikkhuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti – ‘‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’ti.
600众多比丘听说:“据说,那位亚玛卡比丘生起了这样的恶邪见:‘我这样理解世尊所教导的法,一个漏尽的比丘,在身体坏灭之后,就断灭、消失,死后就不再存在了。’”于是,那些比丘就到亚玛卡尊者那里去。到了之后,和亚玛卡尊者互相问候,说了一些亲切、值得记住的话后,就坐在一边。坐在一边后,那些比丘对亚玛卡尊者这样说:
Assosuṃ kho sambahulā bhikkhū yamakassa kira nāma bhikkhuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti – ‘‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū yenāyasmā yamako tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā yamakena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ yamakaṃ etadavocuṃ –
601“雅玛卡学友,听说你生起了这样一种恶见:'我是这样理解世尊所教导的法,即烦恼已尽的比丘,在身体坏灭之后,就断灭、消失,死后不再存在了。'这是真的吗?”“是的,学友,我是这样理解世尊所教导的法:烦恼已尽的比丘,在身体坏灭之后,就断灭、消失,死后不再存在了。”
‘‘Saccaṃ kira te, āvuso yamaka, evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ – ‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi – ‘khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti.
602“亚玛卡贤友,别这么说,别诽谤世尊。中伤世尊是不好的,世尊肯定不会这么说:‘一个漏尽的比丘,在身体坏灭之后,就断灭、消失,死后就不再存在了。’”即使那些比丘这样劝说,亚玛卡尊者仍然固执地坚持、执取、认定了那个恶邪见,宣称道:“我这样理解世尊所教导的法,一个漏尽的比丘,在身体坏灭之后,就断灭、消失,死后就不再存在了。”
‘‘Mā, āvuso yamaka, evaṃ avaca, mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhi. Na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhācikkhanaṃ. Na hi bhagavā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. Evampi kho āyasmā yamako tehi bhikkhūhi vuccamāno tatheva taṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati – ‘‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’ti.
603当那些比丘无法使具寿夜摩咖从那恶见脱离时,那些比丘从座起立,前往具寿舍利弗处;抵达后,对具寿舍利弗这样说:「贤友舍利弗,名叫夜摩咖的比丘生起了这样的恶见:『我如此了知世尊所说之法,即漏尽的比丘身坏时断灭、消失,死后不存在。』愿具寿舍利弗出于悲悯,前往比丘夜摩咖处。」具寿舍利弗以沉默同意了。那时,具寿舍利弗于傍晚时从独坐中起,前往具寿夜摩咖处;抵达后,与具寿夜摩咖互相问候……坐于一旁的具寿舍利弗对具寿夜摩咖这样说——
Yato kho te bhikkhū nāsakkhiṃsu āyasmantaṃ yamakaṃ etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecetuṃ, atha kho te bhikkhū uṭṭhāyāsanā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘yamakassa nāma, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ – ‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi yathā khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’ti. Sādhāyasmā sāriputto yena yamako bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’ti. Adhivāsesi kho āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā yamako tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā yamakena saddhiṃ sammodi…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ yamakaṃ etadavoca –
604「贤友夜摩咖,听说你生起了这样的恶见:『我如此了知世尊所说之法,即漏尽的比丘身坏时断灭、消失,死后不存在。』这是真的吗?」「贤友,我确实如此了知世尊所说之法,即漏尽的比丘身坏时断灭、消失,死后不存在。」
‘‘Saccaṃ kira te, āvuso yamaka, evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ – ‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’ti.
605“雅玛卡学友,你认为怎样,色是常的还是无常的?”“学友,是无常的。”“受是常的……想……行……识是常的还是无常的?”“学友,是无常的。”因此……通过这样观察……他了知:“不会再有任何形式的存有了。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso yamaka, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, āvuso’’. ‘‘Vedanā niccā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, āvuso’’. Tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti.
606“雅玛卡学友,你认为怎样,你认为色是如来吗?”“学友,不是的。”“你认为受是如来吗?”“学友,不是的。”“认为想……行……识是如来吗?”“学友,不是的。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso yamaka, rūpaṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’ … ‘‘vedanaṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’… ‘‘saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.
607“雅玛卡学友,你认为怎样,你认为如来在色之中吗?”“学友,不是的。”“你认为如来在色之外吗?”“学友,不是的。”“在受之中……在受之外……在想之中……在想之外……在行之中……在行之外……你认为如来在识之中吗?”“学友,不是的。”“你认为如来在识之外吗?”“学友,不是的。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso yamaka, rūpasmiṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’. ‘‘Aññatra rūpā tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’. ‘‘Vedanāya… aññatra vedanāya…pe… saññāya… aññatra saññāya… saṅkhāresu… aññatra saṅkhārehi… viññāṇasmiṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’. ‘‘Aññatra viññāṇā tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.
608“雅玛卡学友,你认为怎样,你认为色……受……想……行……识是如来吗?”“学友,不是的。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso yamaka, rūpaṃ… vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.
609「贤友夜摩咖,你怎么想,你随观这无色……无受……无想……无行……无识者为如来吗?」「不,贤友。」「贤友夜摩咖,在此,当你于现法中真实地、确实地找不到如来时,你适合作这样的宣说吗——『我如此了知世尊所说之法,即漏尽的比丘身坏时断灭、消失,死后不存在』?」
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso yamaka, ayaṃ so arūpī… avedano… asaññī… asaṅkhāro… aviññāṇo tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’. ‘‘Ettha ca te, āvuso yamaka, diṭṭheva dhamme saccato thetato tathāgate anupalabbhiyamāne , kallaṃ nu te taṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ – ‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā khīṇāsavo bhikkhu kāyassa bhedā ucchijjati vinassati, na hoti paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti?
610“舍利弗学友,那是我之前没有智慧的时候,生起的邪恶见解。如今听到了舍利弗尊者这样的说法,那个邪恶见解已经被彻底断除,我对法也完全通达了。”
‘‘Ahu kho me taṃ, āvuso sāriputta, pubbe aviddasuno pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ; idañca panāyasmato sāriputtassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā tañceva pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ pahīnaṃ, dhammo ca me abhisamito’’ti.
611“耶摩迦学友,如果有人这样问你:‘耶摩迦学友,那位比丘,他是阿拉汉、是漏尽者,在身体坏灭、死后,他是什么样的情况?’ 你这样被问到时,耶摩迦学友,你会怎么回答?” “学友,如果有人这样问我:‘耶摩迦学友,那位比丘,他是阿拉汉、是漏尽者,在身体坏灭、死后,他是什么样的情况?’ 被这样问时,学友,我会这样回答:‘学友啊,色是无常的。凡是无常的,那就是苦;凡是苦的,那就已经息灭、已经消逝了。受……想……行……识是无常的。凡是无常的,那就是苦;凡是苦的,那就已经息灭、已经消逝了。’ 被这样问时,学友,我就会这样回答。”
‘‘Sace taṃ, āvuso yamaka, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘yo so, āvuso yamaka, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā kiṃ hotī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, āvuso yamaka, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Sace maṃ, āvuso, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘yo so, āvuso yamaka, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā kiṃ hotī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, āvuso, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘rūpaṃ kho, āvuso, aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ taṃ niruddhaṃ tadatthaṅgataṃ. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ taṃ niruddhaṃ tadatthaṅgata’nti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ , āvuso, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.
612“很好,很好,耶摩迦学友!那么,耶摩迦学友,我接下来给你打个比方,好让你对这个道理能有更深的了解。 耶摩迦学友,这就像有一位富有的居士或居士子,财产多、财富多、物资丰饶,而且他还有严密的守卫。有一个人,他一心想伤害这个富人,一心想害他,一心想让他失去安稳,一心想取他的性命。这个人心里盘算着:‘这位居士或居士子,财产多、财富多、物资丰饶,而且有严密的守卫,不是那么容易强取他性命的。我不如想法子混到他身边,再取他性命。’ 于是,他来到那位居士或居士子面前,这样说:‘大人,我想来侍奉您。’ 那位居士或居士子就让他来侍奉。他便服侍起来,比主人起得早、比主人睡得晚,事事应承,举止可心,言语甜美。那位居士或居士子便把他当作朋友一样信任,把他当作知己一样信赖,对他放下了戒备。耶摩迦学友,当那个人心里确认:‘这位居士或居士子已经彻底信赖我了’,他就会找个与他独处的机会,用锋利的刀取了他的性命。”
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, āvuso yamaka! Tena hāvuso, yamaka, upamaṃ te karissāmi etasseva atthassa bhiyyosomattāya ñāṇāya. Seyyathāpi, āvuso yamaka, gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo; so ca ārakkhasampanno. Tassa kocideva puriso uppajjeyya anatthakāmo ahitakāmo ayogakkhemakāmo jīvitā voropetukāmo. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ kho gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo; so ca ārakkhasampanno; nāyaṃ sukaro pasayha jīvitā voropetuṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ anupakhajja jīvitā voropeyya’nti. So taṃ gahapatiṃ vā gahapatiputtaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘upaṭṭhaheyyaṃ taṃ, bhante’ti. Tamenaṃ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upaṭṭhāpeyya. So upaṭṭhaheyya pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṃkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī. Tassa so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā mittatopi naṃ saddaheyya ; suhajjatopi naṃ saddaheyya; tasmiñca vissāsaṃ āpajjeyya. Yadā kho, āvuso, tassa purisassa evamassa – ‘saṃvissattho kho myāyaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā’ti, atha naṃ rahogataṃ viditvā tiṇhena satthena jīvitā voropeyya.
613“耶摩迦学友,你怎么看呢?当那个人走到那位居士或居士子面前说‘大人,我想来侍奉您’的时候,他其实就已经是个杀手了。只是他虽然是个杀手,对方并不知道:‘这是个杀我的人。’ 当他服侍着,比主人起得早、比主人睡得晚,事事应承,举止可心,言语甜美的时候,他也还是个杀手。只是他虽然是个杀手,对方并不知道:‘这是个杀我的人。’ 当他抓住与主人独处的机会,用锋利的刀取了他性命的时候,他依然是个杀手。只是他虽然是个杀手,对方并不知道:‘这是个杀我的人。’” “是的,学友。” “耶摩迦学友,同样的道理,那些不曾听闻真理的凡夫,他们没见过圣者,不精通圣者的法,没有在圣者的法中受到训练;他们没见过善士,不精通善士的法,没有在善士的法中受到训练。他们就会把色当作是自我,或者把自我当作拥有色,或者把色看作在自我之中,或者把自我看作在色之中。对于受……想……行……识也是如此,他们把识当作是自我,或者把自我当作拥有识,或者把识看作在自我之中,或者把自我看作在识之中。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso yamaka, yadā hi so puriso amuṃ gahapatiṃ vā gahapatiputtaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ āha – ‘upaṭṭhaheyyaṃ taṃ, bhante’ti, tadāpi so vadhakova. Vadhakañca pana santaṃ na aññāsi – ‘vadhako me’ti. Yadāpi so upaṭṭhahati pubbuṭṭhāyī pacchānipātī kiṃkārapaṭissāvī manāpacārī piyavādī, tadāpi so vadhakova. Vadhakañca pana santaṃ na aññāsi – ‘vadhako me’ti. Yadāpi naṃ rahogataṃ viditvā tiṇhena satthena jīvitā voropeti, tadāpi so vadhakova. Vadhakañca pana santaṃ na aññāsi – ‘vadhako me’’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, āvuso, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ’’.
614「他没真正了知无常的色为『色是无常的』。他没真正了知无常的受为『受是无常的』。他没真正了知无常的想为『想是无常的』。他没真正了知无常的诸行为『诸行是无常的』。他没真正了知无常的识为『识是无常的』。
‘‘So aniccaṃ rūpaṃ ‘aniccaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Aniccaṃ vedanaṃ ‘aniccā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Aniccaṃ saññaṃ ‘aniccā saññā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Anicce saṅkhāre ‘aniccā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Aniccaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘aniccaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
615「他没真正了知苦的色为『色是苦的』。苦的受……苦的想……苦的诸行……他没真正了知苦的识为『识是苦的』。
‘‘Dukkhaṃ rūpaṃ ‘dukkhaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ… dukkhaṃ saññaṃ… dukkhe saṅkhāre… dukkhaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘dukkhaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
616「他没真正了知无我的色为『色是无我的』。无我的受……无我的想……无我的诸行……他没真正了知无我的识为『识是无我的』。
‘‘Anattaṃ rūpaṃ ‘anattā rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Anattaṃ vedanaṃ… anattaṃ saññaṃ… anatte saṅkhāre… anattaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘anattaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
617「他没真正了知有为的色为『色是有为的』。有为的受……有为的想……有为的诸行……他没真正了知有为的识为『识是有为的』。
‘‘Saṅkhataṃ rūpaṃ ‘saṅkhataṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Saṅkhataṃ vedanaṃ… saṅkhataṃ saññaṃ… saṅkhate saṅkhāre… saṅkhataṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘saṅkhataṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
618对于‘色是杀手’,他不如实知道‘色是杀手’;对于‘受是杀手’,不如实知道‘受是杀手’;对于‘想是杀手’,不如实知道‘想是杀手’;对于‘行是杀手’,不如实知道‘行是杀手’;对于‘识是杀手’,他不如实知道‘识是杀手’。
‘‘Vadhakaṃ rūpaṃ ‘vadhakaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vadhakaṃ vedanaṃ ‘vadhakā vedanā’ti… vadhakaṃ saññaṃ ‘vadhakā saññā’ti… vadhake saṅkhāre ‘vadhakā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vadhakaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘vadhakaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti.
619他趋近色、执取色、认定色为‘这是我的自我’。他趋近受、执取受、认定受为这是我的自我……想……行……他趋近识、执取识、认定识为‘这是我的自我’。他这样趋近、执取的五取蕴,长期地导向不利与痛苦。
‘‘So rūpaṃ upeti upādiyati adhiṭṭhāti ‘attā me’ti. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ upeti upādiyati adhiṭṭhāti ‘attā me’ti. Tassime pañcupādānakkhandhā upetā upādinnā dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti.
620然而,朋友,多闻的圣弟子,见过圣者,……善于调伏于善人法中,他不把色视为自我,不把自我视为拥有色,不把色视为在自我之中,不把自我视为在色之中。他不把受……不把想……不把行……不把识视为自我,不把自我视为拥有识,不把识视为在自我之中,不把自我视为在识之中。
‘‘Sutavā ca kho, āvuso, ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī…pe… sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ attānaṃ; na attani rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ attānaṃ. Na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ attānaṃ; na attani viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ attānaṃ.
621「他如实了知无常的色为『无常的色』。如实了知无常的受……无常的想……无常的诸行……如实了知无常的识为『无常的识』。」
‘‘So aniccaṃ rūpaṃ ‘aniccaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Aniccaṃ vedanaṃ … aniccaṃ saññaṃ… anicce saṅkhāre … aniccaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘aniccaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.
622「他如实了知苦的色为『苦的色』。如实了知苦的受……苦的想……苦的诸行……如实了知苦的识为『苦的识』。」
‘‘Dukkhaṃ rūpaṃ ‘dukkhaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ… dukkhaṃ saññaṃ… dukkhe saṅkhāre… dukkhaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘dukkhaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.
623「他如实了知无我的色为『无我的色』。如实了知无我的受……无我的想……无我的诸行……如实了知无我的识为『无我的识』。」
‘‘Anattaṃ rūpaṃ ‘anattā rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Anattaṃ vedanaṃ… anattaṃ saññaṃ… anatte saṅkhāre… anattaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘anattā viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.
624「他如实了知有为的色为『有为的色』。如实了知有为的受……有为的想……有为的诸行……如实了知有为的识为『有为的识』。」
‘‘Saṅkhataṃ rūpaṃ ‘saṅkhataṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Saṅkhataṃ vedanaṃ… saṅkhataṃ saññaṃ… saṅkhate saṅkhāre… saṅkhataṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘saṅkhataṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.
625「他如实了知杀害的色为『杀害的色』。如实了知杀害的受……杀害的想……如实了知杀害的诸行为『杀害的诸行』。如实了知杀害的识为『杀害的识』。」
‘‘Vadhakaṃ rūpaṃ ‘vadhakaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vadhakaṃ vedanaṃ… vadhakaṃ saññaṃ… vadhake saṅkhāre ‘‘vadhakā saṅkhārā’’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vadhakaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘vadhakaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.
626「他不近行色、不执取、不确立为『我的我』。他不近行受……想……行……识,不执取、不确立为『我的我』。对他而言,这些未被近行、未被执取的五取蕴,长夜导向利益与安乐。」「具寿舍利弗,确实如此,对那些具寿们而言,有如此具悲悯、希望利益、教诫、教导的梵行同伴。而我听闻具寿舍利弗的这个法的开示后,心无取着而从诸漏解脱。」第三经。
‘‘So rūpaṃ na upeti, na upādiyati, nādhiṭṭhāti – ‘attā me’ti. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ na upeti, na upādiyati, nādhiṭṭhāti – ‘attā me’ti. Tassime pañcupādānakkhandhā anupetā anupādinnā dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya saṃvattantī’’ti. ‘‘Evametaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, hoti yesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ tādisā sabrahmacārino anukampakā atthakāmā ovādakā anusāsakā. Idañca pana me āyasmato sāriputtassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimutta’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.
6274. 阿奴拉度经
4. Anurādhasuttaṃ
6284. 阿奴拉度经
4. Anurādhasuttaṃ
86如是我闻:一时,世尊住在毗舍离大林重阁讲堂。尔时,具寿阿奴拉度住在离世尊不远的林野小屋。那时,众多其他外道游方者前往具寿阿奴拉度处;抵达后,与具寿阿奴拉度互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的谈话后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那些其他外道游方者对具寿阿奴拉度这样说:「贤友阿奴拉度,那位如来、最上人、最胜人、已达最胜成就者,在施设那位如来时,是在这四种情况中施设:『如来死后存在』,或『如来死后不存在』,或『如来死后既存在又不存在』,或『如来死后既非存在又非不存在』吗?」
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā anurādho bhagavato avidūre araññakuṭikāyaṃ viharati. Atha kho sambahulā aññatitthiyā paribbājakā yena āyasmā anurādho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā anurādhena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā āyasmantaṃ anurādhaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘yo so, āvuso anurādha, tathāgato uttamapuriso paramapuriso paramapattipatto, taṃ tathāgato imesu catūsu ṭhānesu paññāpayamāno paññāpeti – ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā’’ti?
630如是所说时,具寿阿奴拉度对那些其他外道游方者这样说:「贤友们,那位如来、最上人、最胜人、已达最胜成就者,在施设那位如来时,是在这四种情况之外施设:『如来死后存在』,或『如来死后不存在』,或『如来死后既存在又不存在』,或『如来死后既非存在又非不存在』。」如是所说时,其他外道游方者对具寿阿奴拉度这样说:「这位比丘必定是新的,刚出家不久,或者虽是长老却愚痴、不善巧。」那时,其他外道游方者以新比丘之说与愚痴之说贬低具寿阿奴拉度后,从座起立离去。
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā anurādho te aññatitthiye paribbājake etadavoca – ‘‘yo so āvuso tathāgato uttamapuriso paramapuriso paramapattipatto taṃ tathāgato aññatra imehi catūhi ṭhānehi paññāpayamāno paññāpeti – ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā āyasmantaṃ anurādhaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘so cāyaṃ bhikkhu navo bhavissati acirapabbajito, thero vā pana bālo abyatto’’ti. Atha kho aññatitthiyā paribbājakā āyasmantaṃ anurādhaṃ navavādena ca bālavādena ca apasādetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃsu.
631那时,在那些其他外道游方者离去不久,具寿阿奴拉度生起这样的念头:「如果那些其他外道游方者进一步问我问题,我应如何回答那些其他外道游方者,才既是世尊所说之说者,又不会以非实诽谤世尊,且能如法地随顺法而解答,而不会有任何如法的论说随行者会来到应受呵责之处呢?」
Atha kho āyasmato anurādhassa acirapakkantesu tesu aññatitthiyesu paribbājakesu etadahosi – ‘‘sace kho maṃ te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā uttariṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyuṃ. Kathaṃ byākaramāno nu khvāhaṃ tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ vuttavādī ceva bhagavato assaṃ, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyaṃ, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyaṃ, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’ti?
632那时,具寿阿奴拉度前往世尊处;抵达后……在一旁坐下的具寿阿奴拉度对世尊这样说:「尊者,在这里,我住在离世尊不远的林野小屋。尊者,那时,众多其他外道游方者前往我处……对我这样说:『贤友阿奴拉度,那位如来、最上人、最胜人、已达最胜成就者,在施设那位如来时,是在这四种情况中施设:如来死后存在,或不存在……或既存在又不存在,或既非存在又非不存在吗?』」
Atha kho āyasmā anurādho yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā anurādho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato avidūre araññakuṭikāyaṃ viharāmi. Atha kho, bhante, sambahulā aññatitthiyā paribbājakā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu …pe… maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘yo so, āvuso anurādha, tathāgato uttamapuriso paramapuriso paramapattipatto taṃ tathāgato imesu catūsu ṭhānesu paññāpayamāno paññāpeti – hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti vā, na hoti… hoti ca na ca hoti, neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti vā’’’ti?
633「尊者,如是所说时,我对那些其他外道游方者这样说:『贤友们,那位如来、最上人、最胜人、已达最胜成就者,在施设那位如来时,是在这四种情况之外施设:如来死后存在,或……或如来死后既非存在又非不存在。』尊者,如是所说时,那些其他外道游方者对我这样说:『这位比丘必定是新的,刚出家不久,或者虽是长老却愚痴、不善巧。』尊者,那时,那些其他外道游方者以新比丘之说与愚痴之说贬低我后,从座起立离去。」
Evaṃ vuttāhaṃ, bhante, te aññatitthiye paribbājake etadavocaṃ – ‘‘yo so, āvuso, tathāgato uttamapuriso paramapuriso paramapattipatto, taṃ tathāgato aññatra imehi catūhi ṭhānehi paññāpayamāno paññāpeti – ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā…pe… ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vāti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘so cāyaṃ bhikkhu na vo bhavissati acirapabbajito thero vā pana bālo abyatto’ti. Atha kho maṃ, bhante, te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā navavādena bālavādena ca apasādetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃsu’’.
634「尊者,在那些其他外道游方者离去不久,我生起这样的念头:『如果那些其他外道游方者进一步问我问题,我应如何回答那些其他外道游方者,才既是世尊所说之说者,又不会以非实诽谤世尊,且能如法地随顺法而解答,而不会有任何如法的论说随行者会来到应受呵责之处呢?』」
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, acirapakkantesu tesu aññatitthiyesu paribbājakesu etadahosi – ‘sace kho maṃ te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā uttariṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyuṃ. Kathaṃ byākaramāno nu khvāhaṃ tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ vuttavādī ceva bhagavato assaṃ, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyaṃ, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyaṃ, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’’ti?
635「阿奴拉度,你认为如何,色是常的还是无常的?」「无常的,尊者。」「而凡无常的,是苦的还是乐的?」「苦的,尊者。」「而凡无常、苦、变易法者,适合被认为『这是我的,这我是,这是我的我』吗?」「不适合,尊者。」「受……想……行……识是常的还是无常的?」「无常的,尊者。」……因此,在这里……如是见者……了知『不再有此处的状态』。」
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, anurādha, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ , bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ bhante’’…pe… tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāti’’.
636“阿奴拉达,你怎么想?你把色看作是如来吗?”“不,尊者。”“你……把受、想、行、识看作是如来吗?”“不,尊者。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, anurādha, rūpaṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
637“阿奴拉达,你怎么想?你认为如来在色之中吗?”“不,尊者。”“你认为如来在色之外吗?”“不,尊者。”“你认为在受之中……在受之外……在想之中……在想之外……在行之中……在行之外……在识之中……在识之外有如来吗?”“不,尊者。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, anurādha, rūpasmiṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Aññatra rūpā tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanāya…pe… aññatra vedanāya…pe… saññāya… aññatra saññāya… saṅkhāresu… aññatra saṅkhārehi… viññāṇasmiṃ… aññatra viññāṇā tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
638“阿奴拉达,你怎么想?你把色、受、想、行、识合在一起看作是如来吗?”“不,尊者。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, anurādha, rūpaṃ… vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
639“阿奴拉达,你怎么想?你认为那个没有色、没有受、没有想、没有行、没有识的,就是如来吗?”“不,尊者。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, anurādha, ayaṃ so arūpī avedano asaññī asaṅkhāro aviññāṇo tathāgatoti samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
640「阿奴拉塔,在此,当你于现法中真实地、确实地找不到如来时,你适合作这样的解答吗——『贤友,那位如来、最上人、最胜人、已达最胜成就者,在宣说如来时,是宣说离此四处而宣说:如来死后存在,或……如来死后既非存在亦非不存在』?」「不,尊者。」
‘‘Ettha ca te, anurādha, diṭṭheva dhamme saccato thetato tathāgate anupalabbhiyamāne kallaṃ nu te taṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ – ‘yo so, āvuso, tathāgato uttamapuriso paramapuriso paramapattipatto taṃ tathāgato aññatra imehi catūhi ṭhānehi paññāpayamāno paññāpeti – hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti vā… neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇāti vā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
641「善哉!善哉!阿奴拉塔!阿奴拉塔,以前我只宣说苦,现在也只宣说苦与苦的灭尽。」第四经。
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, anurādha! Pubbe cāhaṃ, anurādha, etarahi ca dukkhañceva paññapemi, dukkhassa ca nirodha’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
6425. 瓦咖离经
5. Vakkalisuttaṃ
6435. 瓦咖离经
5. Vakkalisuttaṃ
87一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠庇护所。尔时,具寿瓦咖离住在陶师住处,患病、痛苦、重病。时,具寿瓦咖离告诉诸侍者:「来,贤友们,你们去见世尊;见后,以我的名义以头礼敬世尊之足:『世尊,比丘瓦咖离患病、痛苦、重病,他以头礼敬世尊之足。』并如此说:『世尊,善哉!愿世尊出于怜悯,前往比丘瓦咖离处。』」「是的,贤友。」那些比丘应诺具寿瓦咖离后,去见世尊;见后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的那些比丘对世尊如此说:「世尊,比丘瓦咖离患病、痛苦、重病,他以头礼敬世尊之足;并如此说:『世尊,善哉!愿世尊出于怜悯,前往比丘瓦咖离处。』」世尊以沉默同意了。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā vakkali kumbhakāranivesane viharati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho āyasmā vakkali upaṭṭhāke āmantesi – ‘‘etha tumhe, āvuso, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamatha; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatha – ‘vakkali, bhante, bhikkhu ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno, so bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’ti. Evañca vadetha – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, bhagavā yena vakkali bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamatu; anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato vakkalissa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘vakkali, bhante, bhikkhu ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno, so bhagavato pāde sirasā vandati; evañca pana vadeti – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, bhagavā yena vakkali bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamatu; anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
645时,世尊着衣、持钵衣,前往具寿瓦咖离处。具寿瓦咖离从远处看见世尊前来。看见后,在卧床上移动身体。时,世尊对具寿瓦咖离如此说:「够了,瓦咖离,你不要在卧床上移动身体。有这些已设置的座位;我将坐在那里。」世尊坐于已设置的座位。坐下后,世尊对具寿瓦咖离如此说:「瓦咖离,你可忍受吗?你可维持吗?苦受是否减退而不增长?其减退可知,而非增长?」「世尊,我不可忍受,不可维持;强烈的苦受增长而不减退;其增长可知,而非减退。」「瓦咖离,你没有任何悔疚,没有任何追悔吗?」「世尊,我确实有不少悔疚,有不少追悔。」「瓦咖离,你的自我在戒方面不责备你吗?」「世尊,我的自我在戒方面不责备我。」「瓦咖离,如果你的自我在戒方面不责备你,那么你有什么悔疚,有什么追悔呢?」「世尊,我长久以来想前往见世尊,但我身体中没有足够的力量,以致我能前往见世尊。」
Atha kho bhagavā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yenāyasmā vakkali tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho āyasmā vakkali bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna mañcake samadhosi . Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ vakkaliṃ etadavoca – ‘‘alaṃ, vakkali, mā tvaṃ mañcake samadhosi. Santimāni āsanāni paññattāni; tatthāhaṃ nisīdissāmī’’ti. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ vakkaliṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci te, vakkali, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no abhikkamo’’ti? ‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ; bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamanti; abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no paṭikkamo’’ti. ‘‘Kacci te, vakkali, na kiñci kukkuccaṃ, na koci vippaṭisāro’’ti? ‘‘Taggha me, bhante, anappakaṃ kukkuccaṃ, anappako vippaṭisāro’’ti. ‘‘Kacci pana taṃ, vakkali, attā sīlato na upavadatī’’ti? ‘‘Na kho maṃ, bhante, attā sīlato upavadatī’’ti. ‘‘No ce kira taṃ, vakkali, attā sīlato upavadati; atha kiñca te kukkuccaṃ ko ca vippaṭisāro’’ti? ‘‘Cirapaṭikāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitukāmo, natthi ca me kāyasmiṃ tāvatikā balamattā, yāvatāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyya’’nti.
646「够了,瓦咖离,何必看这腐臭之身?瓦咖离,凡见法者即见我;凡见我者即见法。瓦咖离,见法者即见我;见我者即见法。」
‘‘Alaṃ , vakkali, kiṃ te iminā pūtikāyena diṭṭhena? Yo kho, vakkali, dhammaṃ passati so maṃ passati; yo maṃ passati so dhammaṃ passati. Dhammañhi, vakkali, passanto maṃ passati; maṃ passanto dhammaṃ passati.
647「瓦咖离,你认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「是苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,适合认为『这是我的,这是我,这是我的我』吗?」「不适合,尊者。」「受……想……行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」……「这是我的我吗?」「不适合,尊者。」「因此,在此……如是见者……他了知『不再有此后有』。」
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, vakkali, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ , bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… eso me attāti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti.
648那时,世尊以此教诫教诫具寿瓦咖离后,从座起立,前往灵鹫山。那时,具寿瓦咖离在世尊离去不久,对侍者们说:「来吧,贤友们,把我抬上床,前往仙吞山黑石处。像我这样的人怎么应该认为在房舍中间死去呢?」「是的,贤友。」那些比丘们应诺具寿瓦咖离后,把具寿瓦咖离抬上床,前往仙吞山黑石处。那时,世尊在那夜和那日的剩余时间住在灵鹫山。那时,两位天人在深夜时分,以殊胜的容色照亮整个灵鹫山后,前往世尊处……站在一旁。站在一旁的一位天人对世尊这样说:「世尊,比丘瓦咖离意向解脱。」另一位天人对世尊这样说:「世尊,他确实将善解脱而解脱。」那些天人说了这些。说了这些后,礼敬世尊,右绕后,就在那里消失了。
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ vakkaliṃ iminā ovādena ovaditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena gijjhakūṭo pabbato tena pakkāmi. Atha kho āyasmā vakkali acirapakkantassa bhagavato upaṭṭhāke āmantesi – ‘‘etha maṃ, āvuso, mañcakaṃ āropetvā yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkamatha. Kathañhi nāma mādiso antaraghare kālaṃ kattabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato vakkalissa paṭissutvā āyasmantaṃ vakkaliṃ mañcakaṃ āropetvā yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā tañca rattiṃ tañca divāvasesaṃ gijjhakūṭe pabbate vihāsi. Atha kho dve devatāyo abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ gijjhakūṭaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu…pe… ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho ekā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘vakkali, bhante, bhikkhu vimokkhāya cetetī’’ti. Aparā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘so hi nūna, bhante, suvimutto vimuccissatī’’ti. Idamavocuṃ tā devatāyo. Idaṃ vatvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyiṃsu.
649那时,世尊在那夜过后,对比丘们说:「来吧,比丘们,你们前往比丘瓦咖离处;到了后,对比丘瓦咖离这样说:」
Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, yena vakkali bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamatha; upasaṅkamitvā vakkaliṃ bhikkhuṃ evaṃ vadetha –
650「『贤友瓦咖离,你听世尊和两位天人的话。贤友,今夜两位天人在深夜时分,以殊胜的容色照亮整个灵鹫山后,前往世尊处;到了后,礼敬世尊,站在一旁。贤友,站在一旁的一位天人对世尊这样说:世尊,比丘瓦咖离意向解脱。另一位天人对世尊这样说:世尊,他确实将善解脱而解脱。贤友瓦咖离,世尊对你这样说:不要害怕,瓦咖离;不要害怕,瓦咖离!你的死将是无恶的,死时将是无恶的。』」「是的,世尊。」那些比丘们应诺世尊后,前往具寿瓦咖离处;到了后,对具寿瓦咖离这样说:「贤友瓦咖离,听世尊和两位天人的话。」
‘‘‘Suṇāvuso tvaṃ, vakkali, bhagavato vacanaṃ dvinnañca devatānaṃ. Imaṃ, āvuso, rattiṃ dve devatāyo abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ gijjhakūṭaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, āvuso, ekā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – vakkali, bhante, bhikkhu vimokkhāya cetetīti. Aparā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – so hi nūna, bhante, suvimutto vimuccissatīti. Bhagavā ca taṃ, āvuso vakkali, evamāha – mā bhāyi, vakkali; mā bhāyi, vakkali! Apāpakaṃ te maraṇaṃ bhavissati, apāpikā kālakiriyā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā yenāyasmā vakkali tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ vakkaliṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘suṇāvuso vakkali, bhagavato vacanaṃ dvinnañca devatāna’’nti.
651那时,具寿瓦咖离对侍者们说:「来吧,贤友们,把我从床上放下来。像我这样的人怎么应该认为坐在高座上听那世尊的教诫呢?」「是的,贤友。」那些比丘们应诺具寿瓦咖离后,把具寿瓦咖离从床上放下来。「贤友,今夜两位天人在深夜时分……站在一旁。贤友,站在一旁的一位天人对世尊这样说:『世尊,比丘瓦咖离意向解脱。』另一位天人对世尊这样说:『世尊,他确实将善解脱而解脱。』贤友瓦咖离,世尊对你这样说:『不要害怕,瓦咖离;不要害怕,瓦咖离!你的死将是无恶的,死时将是无恶的。』」「那么,贤友们,以我的话语以头礼敬世尊的足:『世尊,比丘瓦咖离患病、痛苦、重病。他以头礼敬世尊的足。』并这样说:『色是无常的。世尊,我对此不疑惑。凡无常者即是苦,我对此不疑惑。凡无常、苦、变易法者,我对此没有欲、贪或爱,我对此不疑惑。受是无常的。世尊,我对此不疑惑。凡无常者即是苦,我对此不疑惑。凡无常、苦、变易法者,我对此没有欲、贪或爱,我对此不疑惑。想……行是无常的。世尊,我对此不疑惑。凡无常者即是苦,我对此不疑惑。凡无常、苦、变易法者,我对此没有欲、贪或爱,我对此不疑惑。识是无常的。世尊,我对此不疑惑。凡无常者即是苦,我对此不疑惑。凡无常、苦、变易法者,我对此没有欲、贪或爱,我对此不疑惑。』」「是的,贤友。」那些比丘们应诺具寿瓦咖离后离去了。那时,具寿瓦咖离在那些比丘们离去不久,持刀自杀。
Atha kho āyasmā vakkali upaṭṭhāke āmantesi – ‘‘etha maṃ, āvuso, mañcakā oropetha. Kathañhi nāma mādiso ucce āsane nisīditvā tassa bhagavato sāsanaṃ sotabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti! ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato vakkalissa paṭissutvā āyasmantaṃ vakkaliṃ mañcakā oropesuṃ. ‘‘Imaṃ, āvuso, rattiṃ dve devatāyo abhikkantāya rattiyā…pe… ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, āvuso, ekā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘vakkali, bhante, bhikkhu vimokkhāya cetetī’ti. Aparā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘so hi nūna, bhante, suvimutto vimuccissatī’ti. Bhagavā ca taṃ, āvuso vakkali, evamāha – ‘mā bhāyi, vakkali; mā bhāyi, vakkali! Apāpakaṃ te maraṇaṃ bhavissati, apāpikā kālakiriyā’’’ti. ‘‘Tena hāvuso, mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatha – ‘vakkali, bhante, bhikkhu ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. So bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’ti. Evañca vadetha – ‘rūpaṃ aniccaṃ. Tāhaṃ, bhante, na kaṅkhāmi. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhanti na vicikicchāmi. Yadaniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, natthi me tattha chando vā rāgo vā pemaṃ vāti na vicikicchāmi. Vedanā aniccā. Tāhaṃ, bhante, na kaṅkhāmi . Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhanti na vicikicchāmi. Yadaniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, natthi me tattha chando vā rāgo vā pemaṃ vāti na vicikicchāmi. Saññā… saṅkhārā aniccā. Tāhaṃ, bhante, na kaṅkhāmi. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhanti na vicikicchāmi. Yadaniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, natthi me tattha chando vā rāgo vā pemaṃ vāti na vicikicchāmi. Viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Tāhaṃ, bhante, na kaṅkhāmi. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhanti na vicikicchāmi. Yadaniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, natthi me tattha chando vā rāgo vā pemaṃ vāti na vicikicchāmī’’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato vakkalissa paṭissutvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā vakkali acirapakkantesu tesu bhikkhūsu satthaṃ āharesi.
652那时,那些比丘们前往世尊处;到了后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘们对世尊这样说:「世尊,比丘瓦咖离患病、痛苦、重病;他以头礼敬世尊的足;并这样说:『色是无常的。世尊,我对此不疑惑。凡无常者即是苦,我对此不疑惑。凡无常、苦、变易法者,我对此没有欲、贪或爱,我对此不疑惑。受……想……行……识是无常的。世尊,我对此不疑惑。凡无常者即是苦,我对此不疑惑。凡无常、苦、变易法者,我对此没有欲、贪或爱,我对此不疑惑。』」
Atha kho te bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘vakkali, bhante, bhikkhu ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno; so bhagavato pāde sirasā vandati; evañca vadeti – ‘rūpaṃ aniccaṃ. Tāhaṃ, bhante, na kaṅkhāmi. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhanti na vicikicchāmi. Yadaniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, natthi me tattha chando vā rāgo vā pemaṃ vāti na vicikicchāmi. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā … viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Tāhaṃ, bhante, na kaṅkhāmi. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhanti na vicikicchāmi. Yadaniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, natthi me tattha chando vā rāgo vā pemaṃ vāti na vicikicchāmī’’’ti.
653那时,世尊对比丘们说:「来吧,比丘们,我们前往伊西吉里山黑石处;在那里善男子瓦咖离持刀自杀了。」「是的,世尊。」那些比丘们应诺世尊。那时,世尊与众多比丘一起前往伊西吉里山黑石处。世尊从远处看见具寿瓦咖离在床上侧卧着。
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āyāma, bhikkhave, yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkamissāma; yattha vakkalinā kulaputtena satthamāharita’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ vakkaliṃ dūratova mañcake vivattakkhandhaṃ semānaṃ.
654尔时,烟雾和黑暗前往东方,前往西方,前往北方,前往南方,前往上方,前往下方,前往中间诸方。于是世尊召唤比丘们:「比丘们!你们看见那烟雾和黑暗前往东方,前往西方,前往北方,前往南方,前往上方,前往下方,前往中间诸方吗?」「是的,尊者!」「比丘们!这是魔罗巴毕玛在寻找善家子瓦咖梨的识——『善家子瓦咖梨的识住立在哪里?』比丘们!善家子瓦咖梨以无住立的识般涅槃了。」第五经。
Tena kho pana samayena dhūmāyitattaṃ timirāyitattaṃ gacchateva purimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ disaṃ, gacchati adho disaṃ, gacchati anudisaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, etaṃ dhūmāyitattaṃ timirāyitattaṃ gacchateva purimaṃ disaṃ…pe… gacchati anudisa’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Eso kho, bhikkhave, māro pāpimā vakkalissa kulaputtassa viññāṇaṃ samanvesati – ‘kattha vakkalissa kulaputtassa viññāṇaṃ patiṭṭhita’nti? Appatiṭṭhitena ca, bhikkhave, viññāṇena vakkali kulaputto parinibbuto’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
6556. 阿沙基经
6. Assajisuttaṃ
6566. 阿沙基经
6. Assajisuttaṃ
88一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林咖喇陀咖鸟园。尔时,具寿阿沙基住在迦叶园,生病、痛苦、重病。于是具寿阿沙基告诉诸侍者:「来,诸贤友,你们去见世尊;见后,以我的名义以头礼敬世尊之足:『尊者,阿沙基比丘生病、痛苦、重病。他以头礼敬世尊之足。』并如此说:『尊者,善哉,愿世尊出于怜悯前往阿沙基比丘处。』」「是的,贤友。」诸比丘应诺具寿阿沙基后,前往世尊处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的诸比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,阿沙基比丘生病……尊者,善哉,愿世尊出于怜悯前往阿沙基比丘处。」世尊以沉默同意。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā assaji kassapakārāme viharati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho āyasmā assaji upaṭṭhāke āmantesi – ‘‘etha tumhe, āvuso, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamatha; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatha – ‘assaji, bhante, bhikkhu ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. So bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’ti. Evañca vadetha – ‘sādhu kira, bhante, bhagavā yena assaji bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato assajissa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘assaji, bhante, bhikkhu ābādhiko…pe… sādhu kira, bhante, bhagavā yena assaji bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
658于是世尊在傍晚时从独坐中起来,前往具寿阿沙基处。具寿阿沙基看见世尊从远处走来。看见后,在卧床上移动身体。于是世尊对具寿阿沙基如此说:「够了,阿沙基,你不要在卧床上移动身体。这里有设置好的座位,我将坐在那里。」世尊坐在设置好的座位上。坐下后,世尊对具寿阿沙基如此说:「阿沙基,你可忍受吗?你可维持吗?……痛苦的感受是在减退而非增进,其减退被了知而非增进吗?」
Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā assaji tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho āyasmā assaji bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna mañcake samadhosi. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ assajiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘alaṃ, assaji, mā tvaṃ mañcake samadhosi. Santimāni āsanāni paññattāni, tatthāhaṃ nisīdissāmī’’ti. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ assajiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci te, assaji, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ…pe… paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no abhikkamo’’ti?
659「尊者,我不可忍受……增进被了知而非减退。」「阿沙基,你没有任何追悔、没有任何后悔吗?」「尊者,我确实有不少的追悔、不少的后悔。」「阿沙基,你的自我不会在戒方面责备你吗?」「尊者,我的自我不会在戒方面责备我。」「阿沙基,如果你的自我不会在戒方面责备你,那么你有什么追悔、什么后悔呢?」「尊者,以前我在疾病中一再地使身行轻安而住,我不能获得定。尊者,当我不能获得那定时,我如此想:『愿我不会退失!』」「阿沙基,那些以定为核心、以定为名称的沙门婆罗门,当他们不能获得那定时,他们如此想:『愿我们不会退失!』」
‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ…pe… abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no paṭikkamo’’ti. ‘‘Kacci te, assaji, na kiñci kukkuccaṃ na koci vippaṭisāro’’ti? ‘‘Taggha me, bhante, anappakaṃ kukkuccaṃ anappako vippaṭisāro’’ti. ‘‘Kacci pana taṃ, assaji, attā sīlato na upavadatī’’ti? ‘‘Na kho maṃ, bhante, attā sīlato upavadatī’’ti. ‘‘No ce kira taṃ, assaji, attā sīlato upavadati, atha kiñca te kukkuccaṃ ko ca vippaṭisāro’’ti? ‘‘Pubbe khvāhaṃ, bhante, gelaññe passambhetvā passambhetvā kāyasaṅkhāre viharāmi, sohaṃ samādhiṃ nappaṭilabhāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, taṃ samādhiṃ appaṭilabhato evaṃ hoti – ‘no cassāhaṃ parihāyāmī’’’ti. ‘‘Ye te, assaji, samaṇabrāhmaṇā samādhisārakā samādhisāmaññā tesaṃ taṃ samādhiṃ appaṭilabhataṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘no cassu mayaṃ parihāyāmā’’’ti.
660「阿沙基,你认为如何?色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」……识……因此,在此……如此见……他了知:『不再有此存在。』如果他感受乐受,他了知:『它是无常的。』他了知:『它是不被执着的。』他了知:『它是不被欢喜的。』如果他感受苦受,他了知:『它是无常的。』他了知:『它是不被执着的。』他了知:『它是不被欢喜的。』如果他感受不苦不乐受,他了知:『它是无常的。』……他了知:『它是不被欢喜的。』如果他感受乐受,他离系而感受它;如果他感受苦受,他离系而感受它;如果他感受不苦不乐受,他离系而感受它。当他感受身边际的感受时,他了知:『我感受身边际的感受。』当他感受命边际的感受时,他了知:『我感受命边际的感受。』他了知:『身坏后,寿命耗尽后,就在此处,一切所感受的、不被欢喜的将会清凉。』
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, assaji, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… viññāṇaṃ …pe… tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātīti. So sukhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati , sā ‘aniccā’ti pajānāti. ‘Anajjhositā’ti pajānāti. ‘Anabhinanditā’ti pajānāti. Dukkhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, sā ‘aniccā’ti pajānāti. ‘Anajjhositā’ti pajānāti. ‘Anabhinanditā’ti pajānāti. Adukkhamasukhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, sā ‘aniccā’ti pajānāti…pe… ‘anabhinanditā’ti pajānāti. So sukhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati , visaṃyutto naṃ vedayati; dukkhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, visaṃyutto naṃ vedayati; adukkhamasukhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, visaṃyutto naṃ vedayati. So kāyapariyantikaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Jīvitapariyantikaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. ‘Kāyassa bhedā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā idheva sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sītībhavissantī’ti pajānāti.
661「阿沙基,譬如缘于油、缘于灯芯,油灯会燃烧;随着那油和灯芯的耗尽,无燃料而熄灭。同样地,阿沙基,比丘当感受身边际的感受时,他了知:『我感受身边际的感受。』当感受命边际的感受时,他了知:『我感受命边际的感受。』他了知:『身坏后,寿命耗尽后,就在此处,一切所感受的、不被欢喜的将会清凉。』」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , assaji, telañca paṭicca, vaṭṭiñca paṭicca, telappadīpo jhāyeyya; tasseva telassa ca vaṭṭiyā ca pariyādānā anāhāro nibbāyeyya. Evameva kho, assaji, bhikkhu kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. ‘Kāyassa bhedā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā idheva sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sītībhavissantī’ti pajānātī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
6627. 堪玛咖经
7. Khemakasuttaṃ
6637. 堪玛咖经
7. Khemakasuttaṃ
89一时,众多长老比丘住在国桑比瞿师多园。尔时,具寿堪玛咖住在跋达利咖园,生病、痛苦、重病。于是诸长老比丘在傍晚时从独坐中起来,告诉具寿达萨咖:「来,贤友达萨咖,你去见堪玛咖比丘;见后,对堪玛咖比丘如此说:『贤友堪玛咖,诸长老如此说:「贤友,你可忍受吗?你可维持吗?痛苦的感受是在减退而非增进,其减退被了知而非增进吗?」』」「是的,贤友。」具寿达萨咖应诺诸长老比丘后,前往具寿堪玛咖处;抵达后,对具寿堪玛咖如此说:「贤友堪玛咖,诸长老如此说:『贤友,你可忍受吗?……而非增进吗?』」「贤友,我不可忍受、不可维持……增进被了知而非减退。」
Ekaṃ samayaṃ sambahulā therā bhikkhū kosambiyaṃ viharanti ghositārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā khemako badarikārāme viharati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho therā bhikkhū sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhitā āyasmantaṃ dāsakaṃ āmantesuṃ – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, āvuso dāsaka, yena khemako bhikkhu tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā khemakaṃ bhikkhuṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘therā taṃ, āvuso khemaka, evamāhaṃsu – kacci te, āvuso, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti no abhikkamanti, paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no abhikkamo’’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā dāsako therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭissutvā yenāyasmā khemako tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ khemakaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘therā taṃ, āvuso khemaka, evamāhaṃsu – ‘kacci te, āvuso, khamanīyaṃ…pe… no abhikkamo’’’ti? ‘‘Na me, āvuso, khamanīyaṃ na yāpanīyaṃ…pe… abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no paṭikkamo’’ti.
665那时,达萨卡尊者来到长老比丘们那里。走近之后,他对长老比丘们说:“贤友们,凯马科比丘这样说:‘贤友们,我不舒服……只见病情加重,不见好转。’”“来,达萨卡贤友,你到凯马科比丘那里去。去了之后,这样对凯马科比丘说:‘凯马科贤友,长老们这样对你说:贤友,世尊说过有这五取蕴,即:色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。凯马科尊者在这五取蕴当中,是否看见有任何我或我所呢?’”
Atha kho āyasmā dāsako yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘khemako, āvuso, bhikkhu evamāha – ‘na me, āvuso, khamanīyaṃ…pe… abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no paṭikkamo’’’ti. ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, āvuso dāsaka, yena khemako bhikkhu tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā khemakaṃ bhikkhuṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘therā taṃ, āvuso khemaka, evamāhaṃsu – pañcime, āvuso, upādānakkhandhā vuttā bhagavatā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho . Imesu āyasmā khemako pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu kiñci attaṃ vā attaniyaṃ vā samanupassatī’’’ti?
666“是,朋友。”具寿达沙卡答应了长老比丘们之后,就去拜访具寿柯马卡。到了之后,他对具寿柯马卡说:“柯马卡朋友,长老们是这样说的:‘柯马卡朋友,你说的那个“我是”,你到底把什么说成“我是”?你把色说成“我是”,还是在色之外说“我是”?你把受……把想……把行……把识说成“我是”,还是在识之外说“我是”?柯马卡朋友,你说的那个“我是”,你到底把什么说成“我是”?’” “够了,达沙卡朋友,何必这样跑来跑去!朋友,请递给我拐杖,我自己去见长老比丘们。”
‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā dāsako therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭissutvā yenāyasmā khemako tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe… therā taṃ, āvuso khemaka, evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘pañcime, āvuso, upādānakkhandhā vuttā bhagavatā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Imesu āyasmā khemako pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu kiñci attaṃ vā attaniyaṃ vā samanupassatī’’ti? ‘‘Pañcime , āvuso, upādānakkhandhā vuttā bhagavatā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Imesu khvāhaṃ, āvuso, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu na kiñci attaṃ vā attaniyaṃ vā samanupassāmī’’ti.
667于是,贤友达萨咖前往诸长老比丘处;抵达后,对诸长老比丘如此说:「贤友,比丘堪玛咖如此说:『贤友,世尊说此五取蕴,即:色取蕴……识取蕴。贤友,我在此五取蕴中不随观任何我或我所。』」「来吧,贤友达萨咖,你前往比丘堪玛咖处;抵达后,对比丘堪玛咖如此说:『诸长老如此对你说,贤友堪玛咖:贤友,世尊说此五取蕴,即:色取蕴……识取蕴。如果贤友堪玛咖在此五取蕴中不随观任何我或我所,那么贤友堪玛咖是阿拉汉、漏尽者。』」
Atha kho āyasmā dāsako yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘khemako, āvuso, bhikkhu evamāha – ‘pañcime, āvuso, upādānakkhandhā vuttā bhagavatā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Imesu khvāhaṃ, āvuso, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu na kiñci attaṃ vā attaniyaṃ vā samanupassāmī’’’ti. ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, āvuso dāsaka, yena khemako bhikkhu tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā khemakaṃ bhikkhuṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘therā taṃ, āvuso khemaka, evamāhaṃsu – pañcime, āvuso, upādānakkhandhā vuttā bhagavatā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. No ce kirāyasmā khemako imesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu kiñci attaṃ vā attaniyaṃ vā samanupassati. Tenahāyasmā khemako arahaṃ khīṇāsavo’’’ti.
668「是的,贤友。」具寿达萨咖应诺诸长老比丘后,前往具寿堪玛咖处……诸长老如此对你说,贤友堪玛咖:「贤友,世尊说此五取蕴,即:色取蕴……识取蕴。如果具寿堪玛咖在此五取蕴中不随观任何我或我所,那么具寿堪玛咖是阿拉汉、漏尽者。」「贤友,世尊说此五取蕴,即:色取蕴……识取蕴。贤友,我在此五取蕴中不随观任何我或我所,但我不是阿拉汉、漏尽者;然而,贤友,在五取蕴中,我已证得『我是』,但我不随观『这是我』。」
‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā dāsako therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭissutvā yenāyasmā khemako…pe… therā taṃ, āvuso khemaka, evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘pañcime, āvuso, upādānakkhandhā vuttā bhagavatā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho; no ce kirāyasmā khemako imesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu kiñci attaṃ vā attaniyaṃ vā samanupassati, tenahāyasmā khemako arahaṃ khīṇāsavo’’ti. ‘‘Pañcime, āvuso, upādānakkhandhā vuttā bhagavatā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Imesu khvāhaṃ, āvuso, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu na kiñci attaṃ vā attaniyaṃ vā samanupassāmi , na camhi arahaṃ khīṇāsavo; api ca me, āvuso, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu ‘asmī’ti adhigataṃ, ‘ayamahamasmī’ti na ca samanupassāmī’’ti.
669于是,具寿达萨咖前往诸长老比丘处……对诸长老比丘如此说:「具寿,比丘堪玛咖如此说:『具寿,世尊说此五取蕴,即:色取蕴……识取蕴。具寿,我在此五取蕴中不随观任何我或我所,但我不是阿拉汉、漏尽者;然而,具寿,在五取蕴中,我已证得「我是」,但我不随观「这是我」。』」
Atha kho āyasmā dāsako yena therā bhikkhū…pe… there bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘khemako, āvuso, bhikkhu evamāha – pañcime, āvuso, upādānakkhandhā vuttā bhagavatā, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Imesu khvāhaṃ, āvuso, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu na kiñci attaṃ vā attaniyaṃ vā samanupassāmi, na camhi arahaṃ khīṇāsavo; api ca me , āvuso, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu ‘asmī’ti adhigataṃ, ‘ayamahamasmī’ti na ca samanupassāmī’’ti.
670「来吧,贤友达萨咖,你前往比丘堪玛咖处;抵达后,对比丘堪玛咖如此说:『诸长老如此对你说,贤友堪玛咖:贤友堪玛咖,你所说的这个「我是」,你说的是什么「我是」?你说「色是我」吗?你说「离色而我是」吗?你说「受……想……行……识是我」吗?你说「离识而我是」吗?贤友堪玛咖,你所说的这个「我是」,你说的是什么「我是」?』」
‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, āvuso dāsaka, yena khemako bhikkhu tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā khemakaṃ bhikkhuṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘therā taṃ, āvuso khemaka, evamāhaṃsu – yametaṃ, āvuso khemaka, asmīti vadesi, kimetaṃ asmīti vadesi? Rūpaṃ asmīti vadesi, aññatra rūpā asmīti vadesi, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ asmīti vadesi, aññatra viññāṇā asmīti vadesi. Yametaṃ, āvuso khemaka, asmīti vadesi. Kimetaṃ asmīti vadesī’’’ti?
671「是的,贤友。」具寿达萨咖应诺诸长老比丘后,前往具寿堪玛咖处;抵达后,对具寿堪玛咖如此说:「诸长老如此对你说,贤友堪玛咖:『贤友堪玛咖,你所说的这个「我是」,你说的是什么「我是」?你说「色是我」吗?你说「离色而我是」吗?你说「受……想……行……识是我」吗?你说「离识而我是」吗?贤友堪玛咖,你所说的这个「我是」,你说的是什么「我是」?』」「够了,贤友达萨咖,何必这样来回奔走!贤友,拿杖来;我自己将前往诸长老比丘处。」
‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā dāsako therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭissutvā yenāyasmā khemako tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ khemakaṃ etadavoca – therā taṃ, āvuso khemaka, evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yametaṃ, āvuso khemaka, ‘asmī’ti vadesi, kimetaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadesi? Rūpaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadesi aññatra rūpā ‘asmī’ti vadesi? Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadesi aññatra viññāṇā ‘asmī’ti vadesi? Yametaṃ, āvuso khemaka, ‘asmī’ti vadesi, kimetaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadesi’’ti? ‘‘Alaṃ, āvuso dāsaka, kiṃ imāya sandhāvanikāya! Āharāvuso, daṇḍaṃ; ahameva yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamissāmī’’ti.
672于是,具寿堪玛咖拄着杖前往诸长老比丘处;抵达后,与诸长老比丘互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的谈话后,在一旁坐下。坐在一旁的具寿堪玛咖,诸长老比丘对他如此说:「具寿堪玛咖,你所说的这个「我是」,你说的是什么「我是」?你说「色是我」吗?你说「离色而我是」吗?你说「受……想……行……识是我」吗?你说「离识而我是」吗?具寿堪玛咖,你所说的这个「我是」,你说的是什么「我是」?」「具寿,我不说「色是我」,也不说「离色而我是」。我不说「受……想……行……识是我」,也不说「离识而我是」。然而,具寿,在五取蕴中,我已证得「我是」,但我不随观「这是我」。」
Atha kho āyasmā khemako daṇḍamolubbha yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā therehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ khemakaṃ therā bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘yametaṃ, āvuso khemaka, ‘asmī’ti vadesi, kimetaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadesi? Rūpaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadesi, aññatra rūpā ‘asmī’ti vadesi? Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadesi, aññatra viññāṇā ‘asmī’ti vadesi? Yametaṃ, āvuso khemaka, ‘asmī’ti vadesi, kimetaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Na khvāhaṃ, āvuso, rūpaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadāmi; napi aññatra rūpā ‘asmī’ti vadāmi. Na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadāmi; napi aññatra viññāṇā ‘asmī’ti vadāmi. Api ca me, āvuso, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu ‘asmī’ti adhigataṃ ‘ayamahamasmī’ti na ca samanupassāmi’’.
673「贤友,譬如青莲、红莲或白莲的香气。若有人如此说:『叶的香气』或『色的香气』或『蕊的香气』,他这样说是正确的说法吗?」「不是,贤友。」「那么,贤友,如何正确分别论才是正确分别论呢?」「贤友,说『花的香气』才是正确分别论。」「同样地,贤友,我不说『色是我』,也不说『离色而我是』。我不说『受……想……行……识是我』,也不说『离识而我是』。然而,贤友,在五取蕴中,我已证得『我是』,但我不随观『这是我』。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, āvuso, uppalassa vā padumassa vā puṇḍarīkassa vā gandho. Yo nu kho evaṃ vadeyya – ‘pattassa gandho’ti vā ‘vaṇṇassa gandho’ti vā ‘kiñjakkhassa gandho’ti vā sammā nu kho so vadamāno vadeyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ, panāvuso, sammā byākaramāno byākareyyā’’ti? ‘‘‘Pupphassa gandho’ti kho, āvuso, sammā byākaramāno byākareyyā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva khvāhaṃ, āvuso, na rūpaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadāmi, napi aññatra rūpā ‘asmī’ti vadāmi. Na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ ‘asmī’ti vadāmi, napi aññatra viññāṇā ‘asmī’ti vadāmi. Api ca me, āvuso, pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu ‘asmī’ti adhigataṃ ‘ayamahamasmī’ti na ca samanupassāmi’’.
674“朋友们,即使圣弟子已经断除了五下分结,他仍然还会有——那种跟随五取蕴、未被根除的‘我是’慢、‘我是’欲、‘我是’随眠。过了一段时间之后,他安住于观察五取蕴的生灭:‘这是色,这是色的集起,这是色的灭去;这是受……这是想……这是行……这是识,这是识的集起,这是识的灭去。’当他这样安住于观察这五取蕴的生灭时,他那种跟随五取蕴、未被根除的‘我是’慢、‘我是’欲、‘我是’随眠,也会被彻底断除。”
‘‘Kiñcāpi, āvuso, ariyasāvakassa pañcorambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni pahīnāni bhavanti, atha khvassa hoti – ‘yo ca pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu anusahagato asmīti māno, asmīti chando, asmīti anusayo asamūhato. So aparena samayena pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati – iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Tassimesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassino viharato yopissa hoti pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu anusahagato ‘asmī’ti, māno ‘asmī’ti, chando ‘asmī’ti anusayo asamūhato, sopi samugghātaṃ gacchati.
675“朋友们,就好比一块脏污、沾满垢渍的布。它的主人把它交给洗衣工。洗衣工用盐碱、土碱或牛粪搓揉它之后,在清水中漂洗。虽然那块布变得洁净、白了,但它那跟随而来的、未被去除的盐碱味、土碱味或牛粪味还依然存在。然后,洗衣工把它交还给主人。主人把它放进一个熏过香味的盒子里。这时,它那跟随而来的、未被去除的盐碱味、土碱味或牛粪味,也就被彻底消除了。同样的道理,朋友们,即使圣弟子已经断除了五下分结,他仍然还会有——那种跟随五取蕴、未被根除的‘我是’慢、‘我是’欲、‘我是’随眠。过了一段时间之后,他安住于观察五取蕴的生灭:‘这是色,这是色的集起,这是色的灭去;这是受……这是想……这是行……这是识,这是识的集起,这是识的灭去。’当他这样安住于观察这五取蕴的生灭时,他那种跟随五取蕴、未被根除的‘我是’慢、‘我是’欲、‘我是’随眠,也会被彻底断除。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi , āvuso, vatthaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ malaggahitaṃ. Tamenaṃ sāmikā rajakassa anupadajjuṃ. Tamenaṃ rajako ūse vā khāre vā gomaye vā sammadditvā acche udake vikkhāleti. Kiñcāpi taṃ hoti vatthaṃ parisuddhaṃ pariyodātaṃ, atha khvassa hoti yeva anusahagato ūsagandho vā khāragandho vā gomayagandho vā asamūhato. Tamenaṃ rajako sāmikānaṃ deti. Tamenaṃ sāmikā gandhaparibhāvite karaṇḍake nikkhipanti. Yopissa hoti anusahagato ūsagandho vā khāragandho vā gomayagandho vā asamūhato, sopi samugghātaṃ gacchati. Evameva kho, āvuso, kiñcāpi ariyasāvakassa pañcorambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni pahīnāni bhavanti, atha khvassa hoti yeva pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu anusahagato ‘asmī’ti, māno ‘asmī’ti, chando ‘asmī’ti anusayo asamūhato. So aparena samayena pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati. ‘Iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Tassa imesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassino viharato yopissa hoti pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu anusahagato ‘asmī’ti, māno ‘asmī’ti, chando ‘asmī’ti anusayo asamūhato, sopi samugghātaṃ gacchatī’’ti.
676这样说了之后,长老比丘们对具寿柯马卡说:“我们并非因为想要为难才询问具寿柯马卡,而是因为具寿柯马卡确实能够把世尊的教法详尽地解释、教导、宣明、确立、揭示、剖析、阐明。而事实上,具寿柯马卡也已经把世尊的教法详尽地解释、教导、宣明、确立、揭示、剖析、阐明了。”
Evaṃ vutte, therā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ khemakaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘na kho mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ khemakaṃ vihesāpekhā pucchimha, api cāyasmā khemako pahosi tassa bhagavato sāsanaṃ vitthārena ācikkhituṃ desetuṃ paññāpetuṃ paṭṭhapetuṃ vivarituṃ vibhajituṃ uttānīkātuṃ. Tayidaṃ āyasmatā khemakena tassa bhagavato sāsanaṃ vitthārena ācikkhitaṃ desitaṃ paññāpitaṃ paṭṭhapitaṃ vivaritaṃ vibhajitaṃ uttānīkata’’nti.
677具德凯摩迦尊者说了这番话。那些长老比丘们对具德凯摩迦尊者的言说感到满意并心生欢喜。而且,当这番开示被宣说时,大约六十位长老比丘的心,通过不执取而解脱了诸漏,具德凯摩迦尊者也是同样。第七经。
Idamavoca āyasmā khemako. Attamanā therā bhikkhū āyasmato khemakassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanduṃ. Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne saṭṭhimattānaṃ therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsu, āyasmato khemakassa cāti. Sattamaṃ.
6788. 阐那经
8. Channasuttaṃ
6798. 阐那经
8. Channasuttaṃ
90有一次,众多长老比丘住在巴拉纳西的仙人落处鹿野苑。那时,具德阐那尊者在傍晚时分,从独处禅坐中起来,拿着钥匙,从一个住所到另一个住所去拜访那些长老比丘,并对他们说了这番话:“尊贵的长老们,教导我吧!尊贵的长老们,教诲我吧!尊贵的长老们,请为我做个法的开示,让我能看清法。”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ sambahulā therā bhikkhū bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā channo sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito avāpuraṇaṃ ādāya vihārena vihāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘ovadantu maṃ āyasmanto therā, anusāsantu maṃ āyasmanto therā, karontu me āyasmanto therā dhammiṃ kathaṃ, yathāhaṃ dhammaṃ passeyya’’nti.
681如是说已,诸长老比丘对具寿阐那说:「贤友阐那,色是无常;受是无常;想是无常;行是无常;识是无常。色是无我;受……想……行……识是无我。一切行是无常;一切法是无我。」
Evaṃ vutte, therā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ channaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘rūpaṃ kho, āvuso channa, aniccaṃ; vedanā aniccā; saññā aniccā; saṅkhārā aniccā; viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Rūpaṃ anattā; vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā. Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā; sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti.
682那时,具寿阐那如此想:『我也如此认为:色无常,受……想……行……识无常;色无我,受……想……行……识无我。一切行无常,一切法无我。然而,我的心对一切行止、一切依舍离、渴爱灭尽、离贪、灭、涅槃不跃入、不清净、不住立、不胜解。生起战栗、执取;心退缩:那么,谁是我的我?如此见法者不会如此。谁能为我如此说法,使我见法?』
Atha kho āyasmato channassa etadahosi – ‘‘mayhampi kho etaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘rūpaṃ aniccaṃ, vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ; rūpaṃ anattā, vedanā … saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā. Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe dhammā anattā’ti. Atha ca pana me sabbasaṅkhārasamathe sabbūpadhipaṭinissagge taṇhākkhaye virāge nirodhe nibbāne cittaṃ na pakkhandati nappasīdati na santiṭṭhati nādhimuccati. Paritassanā upādānaṃ uppajjati; paccudāvattati mānasaṃ – ‘atha ko carahi me attā’ti ? Na kho panevaṃ dhammaṃ passato hoti. Ko nu kho me tathā dhammaṃ deseyya yathāhaṃ dhammaṃ passeyya’’nti.
683那时,具德阐那尊者心里这么想:“这位具德阿难尊者住在高赏比的瞿师罗园,他受到世尊的称赞,也为有智慧的同梵行者们所尊重。具德阿难尊者有能力为我说法,让我能看清法。而且,我对具德阿难尊者有那样的信任。我不如就去拜访具德阿难尊者那里吧。”于是,具德阐那尊者收拾好住处,拿着衣钵,前往高赏比的瞿师罗园,去拜访具德阿难尊者。到了之后,与具德阿难尊者互相问候致意……坐在一边。坐定后,具德阐那尊者对具德阿难尊者说了这番话:
Atha kho āyasmato channassa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā ānando kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ, pahoti ca me āyasmā ānando tathā dhammaṃ desetuṃ yathāhaṃ dhammaṃ passeyyaṃ; atthi ca me āyasmante ānande tāvatikā vissaṭṭhi . Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā channo senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena kosambī ghositārāmo yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā channo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca –
684「贤友阿难,一时我住在波罗奈的仙人堕处鹿野苑。贤友,那时我在傍晚时分从独坐中起来,拿着钥匙,从一个住所走到另一个住所;走近后,我对长老比丘们这样说:『愿诸具寿长老教诫我,愿诸具寿长老教导我,愿诸具寿长老为我作法的谈论,使我能见法。』贤友,如此说时,长老比丘们对我这样说:『贤友阐那,色是无常的;受……想……行……识是无常的;色是无我的……(中略)……识是无我的。一切行是无常的,一切法是无我的。』」
‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ , āvuso ānanda, samayaṃ bārāṇasiyaṃ viharāmi isipatane migadāye. Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito avāpuraṇaṃ ādāya vihārena vihāraṃ upasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū etadavocaṃ – ‘ovadantu maṃ āyasmanto therā, anusāsantu maṃ āyasmanto therā, karontu me āyasmanto therā dhammiṃ kathaṃ yathāhaṃ dhammaṃ passeyya’nti. Evaṃ vutte maṃ, āvuso, therā bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘rūpaṃ kho, āvuso channa, aniccaṃ; vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ; rūpaṃ anattā…pe… viññāṇaṃ anattā. Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe dhammā anattā’’’ti.
685「贤友,我这样想:『我也这样认为:色是无常的……(中略)……识是无常的,色是无我的,受……想……行……识是无我的。一切行是无常的,一切法是无我的。』然而,在一切行的止息、一切依的舍弃、渴爱的灭尽、离贪、灭、涅槃中,我的心不跃入、不明净、不住立、不胜解。恐惧生起,执取生起;心退缩:『那么,谁是我的我呢?』然而,如此见法者不会这样。谁能为我如此说法,使我能见法呢?」
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘mayhampi kho etaṃ evaṃ hoti – rūpaṃ aniccaṃ…pe… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ, rūpaṃ anattā, vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā. Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe dhammā anattā’ti. Atha ca pana me sabbasaṅkhārasamathe sabbūpadhipaṭinissagge taṇhākkhaye virāge nirodhe nibbāne cittaṃ na pakkhandati nappasīdati na santiṭṭhati nādhimuccati. Paritassanā upādānaṃ uppajjati; paccudāvattati mānasaṃ – ‘atha ko carahi me attā’ti? Na kho panevaṃ dhammaṃ passato hoti. Ko nu kho me tathā dhammaṃ deseyya yathāhaṃ dhammaṃ passeyyanti!
686「贤友,我这样想:『这位具寿阿难住在国桑比的瞿师罗园,为导师所称赞,也为有智的同梵行者所尊重,具寿阿难能够为我如此说法,使我能见法。而且我对具寿阿难有那么多的信赖。我何不前往具寿阿难那里呢?』愿具寿阿难教诫我;愿具寿阿难教导我;愿具寿阿难为我作法的谈论,使我能见法。」
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā ānando kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositarāme satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ, pahoti ca me āyasmā ānando tathā dhammaṃ desetuṃ yathāhaṃ dhammaṃ passeyyaṃ. Atthi ca me āyasmante ānande tāvatikā vissaṭṭhi. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyya’nti. Ovadatu maṃ, āyasmā ānando; anusāsatu maṃ, āyasmā ānando; karotu me, āyasmā ānando dhammiṃ kathaṃ yathāhaṃ dhammaṃ passeyya’’nti.
687「仅仅这样,我们对具寿阐那已感到满意,具寿阐那竟然打开了、破除了障碍。贤友阐那,倾耳听!你能了知法。」于是,仅仅那样,具寿阐那就生起了极大的喜悦:『我竟然能了知法!』
‘‘Ettakenapi mayaṃ āyasmato channassa attamanā api nāma taṃ āyasmā channo āvi akāsi khīlaṃ chindi . Odahāvuso, channa , sotaṃ; bhabbosi dhammaṃ viññātu’’nti. Atha kho āyasmato channassa tāvatakeneva uḷāraṃ pītipāmojjaṃ uppajji – ‘‘bhabbo kirasmi dhammaṃ viññātu’’nti.
688「贤友阐那,这是我从世尊面前听到的、从面前领受的,当教诫迦旃延比丘时:『迦旃延,这世间大多依于两端:存在与不存在。迦旃延,以正慧如实见世间集者,对他来说,世间的不存在就不存在。迦旃延,以正慧如实见世间灭者,对他来说,世间的存在就不存在。迦旃延,这世间大多被亲近、执取、现贪、系缚所束缚,但他不亲近、不执取那亲近与执取、心的住着、现贪、随眠,不住着「我的我」。他对「只是苦在生起时生起,苦在灭时灭」不犹豫、不疑惑。不依他缘,在此他只有智。迦旃延,到此程度就有正见。迦旃延,「一切存在」,这是一端。「一切不存在」,这是第二端。迦旃延,如来不接近这两端,而从中道说法:以无明为缘而有行;以行为缘而有识……(中略)……如此,这整个苦蕴集起。但以无明的无余离贪灭而行灭……(中略)……如此,这整个苦蕴灭。』」
‘‘Sammukhā metaṃ, āvuso channa, bhagavato sutaṃ, sammukhā ca paṭiggahitaṃ kaccānagottaṃ bhikkhuṃ ovadantassa – dvayanissito khvāyaṃ, kaccāna, loko yebhuyyena atthitañceva natthitañca. Lokasamudayaṃ kho, kaccāna, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato yā loke natthitā, sā na hoti. Lokanirodhaṃ kho, kaccāna, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato yā loke atthitā, sā na hoti. Upayupādānābhinivesavinibandho khvāyaṃ, kaccāna, loko yebhuyyena taṃ cāyaṃ upayupādānaṃ cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayaṃ na upeti na upādiyati nādhiṭṭhāti ‘attā me’ti. Dukkhameva uppajjamānaṃ uppajjati, dukkhaṃ nirujjhamānaṃ nirujjhatīti na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati. Aparappaccayā ñāṇamevassa ettha hoti. Ettāvatā kho, kaccāna, sammādiṭṭhi hoti. Sabbamatthīti kho, kaccāna, ayameko anto. Sabbaṃ natthīti ayaṃ dutiyo anto. Ete te, kaccāna, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti.
689「贤友阿难,对于那些有如此同情的、希望利益的、教诫的、教导的同梵行者的诸具寿来说,确实如此。而且,听了具寿阿难的这个法的开示后,我已现观了法。」第八经。
‘‘Evametaṃ, āvuso ānanda, hoti yesaṃ āyasmantānaṃ tādisā sabrahmacārayo anukampakā atthakāmā ovādakā anusāsakā. Idañca pana me āyasmato ānandassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā dhammo abhisamito’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
6909. 罗睺罗经
9. Rāhulasuttaṃ
6919. 罗睺罗经
9. Rāhulasuttaṃ
91舍卫城因缘。那时,具寿罗睺罗前往世尊那里;抵达后……(中略)……坐在一旁的具寿罗睺罗对世尊这样说:「尊者,如何知、如何见,在这有识之身和外面的一切相中,我作、我所作、慢随眠才不存在呢?」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho āyasmā rāhulo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā rāhulo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti?
693「罗睺罗,凡任何色,无论过去、未来、现在,内或外,粗或细,劣或胜,远或近,一切色都以正慧如实见:『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我。』凡任何受……凡任何想……凡任何行……凡任何识,无论过去、未来、现在,内或外……(中略)……一切识都以正慧如实见:『这不是我的,这我不是,这不是我的我。』罗睺罗,如此知、如此见,在这有识之身和外面的一切相中,我作、我所作、慢随眠就不存在。」第九经。
‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, rāhula, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Yā kāci vedanā … yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā…pe… sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Evaṃ kho, rāhula, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
69410. 第二罗睺罗经
10. Dutiyarāhulasuttaṃ
92舍卫城因缘。具寿罗睺罗坐于一旁,对世尊如此说道——「尊者,如何知、如何见,于此有识之身及外在的一切相,心离我作、我所作、慢,超越了慢,寂静、善解脱?」「罗睺罗,凡任何色,过去、未来、现在,内或外……乃至……或远或近,一切色『这不是我的,我不是这个,这不是我的我』,以正慧如实见此后,无取而解脱。凡任何受……凡任何想……凡任何诸行……凡任何识,过去、未来、现在,内或外,粗或细,劣或胜,或远或近,一切识『这不是我的,我不是这个,这不是我的我』,以正慧如实见此后,无取而解脱。罗睺罗,如此知、如此见,于此有识之身及外在的一切相,心离我作、我所作、慢,超越了慢,寂静、善解脱。」第十经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā rāhulo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagataṃ mānasaṃ hoti vidhāsamatikkantaṃ santaṃ suvimutta’’nti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, rāhula, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anupādā vimutto hoti. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anupādā vimutto hoti. Evaṃ kho, rāhula , jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagataṃ mānasaṃ hoti vidhā samatikkantaṃ santaṃ suvimutta’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
696长老品第九
Theravaggo navamo.
697其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
698长老品第九
Theravaggo navamo.
699其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
700阿难、三经、双经,阿奴罗度与瓦咖离;
Ānando tisso yamako, anurādho ca vakkali;
701阿沙基、堪玛咖、阐那,罗睺罗另外二经。
Assaji khemako channo, rāhulā apare duve.
70210. 花品
10. Pupphavaggo
7031. 河经
1. Nadīsuttaṃ
70410. 花品
10. Pupphavaggo
7051. 河经
1. Nadīsuttaṃ
93舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,譬如山中之河,急流而下,流向远方,水流湍急。若其两岸生有咖沙草,它们会垂覆于河;若生有库沙草,它们会垂覆于河;若生有蔓草,它们会垂覆于河;若生有比拉那草,它们会垂覆于河;若生有树木,它们会垂覆于河。若有人被水流冲走,若抓住咖沙草,它们会断裂。他会因此而遭遇灾祸不幸。若抓住库沙草,若抓住蔓草,若抓住比拉那草,若抓住树木,它们会断裂。他会因此而遭遇灾祸不幸。同样地,诸比丘,未受教导的凡夫,不见诸圣者,不熟练圣法,未受圣法调御,不见善人,不熟练善人法,未受善人法调御,认为色是我,或我拥有色;或色在我中,或我在色中。他的那个色会断裂。他会因此而遭遇灾祸不幸。受……想……诸行……认为识是我,或我拥有识;或识在我中,或我在识中。他的那个识会断裂。他会因此而遭遇灾祸不幸。诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「受……想……诸行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「因此,于此……乃至……如此见者……乃至……他了知『不再有此处的状态』。」第一经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, nadī pabbateyyā ohārinī dūraṅgamā sīghasotā. Tassā ubhosu tīresu kāsā cepi jātā assu, te naṃ ajjholambeyyuṃ; kusā cepi jātā assu, te naṃ ajjholambeyyuṃ; pabbajā cepi jātā assu, te naṃ ajjholambeyyuṃ; bīraṇā cepi jātā assu, te naṃ ajjholambeyyuṃ; rukkhā cepi jātā assu, te naṃ ajjholambeyyuṃ. Tassā puriso sotena vuyhamāno kāse cepi gaṇheyya, te palujjeyyuṃ. So tatonidānaṃ anayabyasanaṃ āpajjeyya. Kuse cepi gaṇheyya, pabbaje cepi gaṇheyya, bīraṇe cepi gaṇheyya, rukkhe cepi gaṇheyya, te palujjeyyuṃ . So tatonidānaṃ anayabyasanaṃ āpajjeyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ palujjati. So tatonidānaṃ anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ , viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ palujjati. So tatonidānaṃ anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ bhante’’. ‘‘Tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
7072. 花经
2. Pupphasuttaṃ
7082. 花经
2. Pupphasuttaṃ
94在沙瓦提城。 “诸比丘,我不跟世间争论,是世间跟我争论。诸比丘,一个说法如法的人,是不跟世间任何人争论的。诸比丘,世间智者认为不存在的,我也说‘那不存在’。诸比丘,世间智者认为存在的,我也说‘那存在’。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, lokena vivadāmi, lokova mayā vivadati. Na, bhikkhave, dhammavādī kenaci lokasmiṃ vivadati. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, natthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ, ahampi taṃ ‘natthī’ti vadāmi. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, atthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ, ahampi taṃ ‘atthī’ti vadāmi’’.
710“那么,诸比丘,什么是世间智者认为不存在的,而我也说‘那不存在’的呢?诸比丘,常恒、稳固、永恒、不变坏法的色,是世间智者认为不存在的;我也说‘那不存在’。常恒、稳固、永恒、不变坏法的受……想……行……识,是世间智者认为不存在的;我也说‘那不存在’。诸比丘,这就是世间智者认为不存在的,而我也说‘那不存在’。”
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, natthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ, yamahaṃ ‘natthī’ti vadāmi? Rūpaṃ , bhikkhave, niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ natthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ; ahampi taṃ ‘natthī’ti vadāmi. Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ natthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ; ahampi taṃ ‘natthī’ti vadāmi. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, natthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ; ahampi taṃ ‘natthī’ti vadāmi’’.
711“那么,诸比丘,什么是世间智者认为存在的,而我也说‘那存在’的呢?诸比丘,无常、苦、变坏法的色,是世间智者认为存在的;我也说‘那存在’。无常的受……(中略)……无常、苦、变坏法的识,是世间智者认为存在的;我也说‘那存在’。诸比丘,这就是世间智者认为存在的,而我也说‘那存在’。”
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, atthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ, yamahaṃ ‘atthī’ti vadāmi? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ atthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ; ahampi taṃ ‘atthī’ti vadāmi. Vedanā aniccā…pe… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ atthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ; ahampi taṃ ‘atthī’ti vadāmi. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, atthisammataṃ loke paṇḍitānaṃ; ahampi taṃ ‘atthī’ti vadāmi’’.
712“诸比丘,在世间的诸法里,有一类世间法,是如来彻底觉悟、彻底理解的;彻底觉悟、彻底理解之后,他讲解、教导、说明、建立、揭示、分析、并使之清楚明白。”
‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, loke lokadhammo, taṃ tathāgato abhisambujjhati abhisameti; abhisambujjhitvā abhisametvā taṃ ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti.
713“那么,诸比丘,什么是世间法,是如来彻底觉悟、彻底理解,彻底觉悟、彻底理解之后,去讲解、教导、说明、建立、揭示、分析、并使之清楚明白的呢?诸比丘,色,就是世间的世间法,是如来彻底觉悟、彻底理解的。彻底觉悟、彻底理解之后,他讲解、教导、说明、建立、揭示、分析、并使之清楚明白。
‘‘Kiñca , bhikkhave, loke lokadhammo, taṃ tathāgato abhisambujjhati abhisameti, abhisambujjhitvā abhisametvā ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, loke lokadhammo taṃ tathāgato abhisambujjhati abhisameti. Abhisambujjhitvā abhisametvā ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti.
714比丘们,如果如来这样讲解、教导、说明、确立、揭示、分析、阐明的时候,有人不知道、不看见——比丘们,对于那个愚痴的凡夫、盲人、没有眼睛、不知道、不看见的人,我又能做什么呢!
‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, tathāgatena evaṃ ācikkhiyamāne desiyamāne paññapiyamāne paṭṭhapiyamāne vivariyamāne vibhajiyamāne uttānīkariyamāne na jānāti na passati tamahaṃ, bhikkhave, bālaṃ puthujjanaṃ andhaṃ acakkhukaṃ ajānantaṃ apassantaṃ kinti karomi! Vedanā, bhikkhave, loke lokadhammo…pe… saññā, bhikkhave… saṅkhārā, bhikkhave… viññāṇaṃ, bhikkhave, loke lokadhammo taṃ tathāgato abhisambujjhati abhisameti. Abhisambujjhitvā abhisametvā ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti.
715「诸比丘!当如来如此宣说、教导、施设、建立、开显、分别论、阐明时,若不知、不见,诸比丘!对于这样愚痴的凡夫、盲者、无眼者、不知者、不见者,我能做什么呢!
‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, tathāgatena evaṃ ācikkhiyamāne desiyamāne paññapiyamāne paṭṭhapiyamāne vivariyamāne vibhajiyamāne uttānīkariyamāne na jānāti na passati tamahaṃ, bhikkhave, bālaṃ puthujjanaṃ andhaṃ acakkhukaṃ ajānantaṃ apassantaṃ kinti karomi!
716比丘们,就好像青莲花、红莲花或白莲花在水中出生、在水中生长,长出水面后,不被水所沾染而挺立。同样地,比丘们,如来在世间出生、在世间生长,超越世间而住,不被世间所沾染。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uppalaṃ vā padumaṃ vā puṇḍarīkaṃ vā udake jātaṃ udake saṃvaḍḍhaṃ udakā accuggamma ṭhāti anupalittaṃ udakena; evameva kho, bhikkhave, tathāgato loke jāto loke saṃvaḍḍho lokaṃ abhibhuyya viharati anupalitto lokenā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
7173. 泡沫团喻经
3. Pheṇapiṇḍūpamasuttaṃ
95有一次,世尊住在阿踰阇的恒河边。在那里,世尊招呼比丘们说:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā ayujjhāyaṃ viharati gaṅgāya nadiyā tīre. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi –
719比丘们,就好像这条恒河带着一个大泡沫团流下来。一个有眼力的人会看见它、审察它、如理作意地观察它。当他看见、审察、如理作意地观察时,就会发现它只是空洞的、虚空的、没有实体的。比丘们,在一团泡沫里,能有什么实体呢?同样地,比丘们,对于无论什么色,无论是过去的、未来的、现在的……无论是远的、近的,一位比丘看见它、审察它、如理作意地观察它。当他看见、审察、如理作意地观察时,它只会显现为空洞的、虚空的、没有实体的。比丘们,在色里面,能有什么实体呢?
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ gaṅgā nadī mahantaṃ pheṇapiṇḍaṃ āvaheyya. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya, asārakaññeva khāyeyya. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, pheṇapiṇḍe sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā taṃ bhikkhu passati nijjhāyati yoniso upaparikkhati. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyati , tucchakaññeva khāyati, asārakaññeva khāyati. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, rūpe sāro?
720比丘们,就好像秋天时节下着大颗雨滴的雨时,水面上一个水泡生起又消失。一个有眼力的人会看见它、审察它、如理作意地观察它。当他看见、审察、如理作意地观察时,就会发现它只是空洞的、虚空的、没有实体的。比丘们,在水泡里,能有什么实体呢?同样地,比丘们,对于无论什么受,无论是过去的、未来的、现在的……无论是远的、近的,一位比丘看见它、审察它、如理作意地观察它。当他看见、审察、如理作意地观察时,它只会显现为空洞的、虚空的、没有实体的。比丘们,在受里面,能有什么实体呢?
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, saradasamaye thullaphusitake deve vassante udake udakapubbuḷaṃ uppajjati ceva nirujjhati ca. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya, asārakaññeva khāyeyya. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, udakapubbuḷe sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yā kāci vedanā atītānāgatapaccuppannā…pe… yā dūre santike vā taṃ bhikkhu passati nijjhāyati yoniso upaparikkhati. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyati, tucchakaññeva khāyati, asārakaññeva khāyati. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, vedanāya sāro?
721比丘们,就好比在热季的最后一个月,正当中午时分,一个阳焰在抖动。一个有眼力的人会看到它、审视它、如理地观察它。当他看到、审视、如理地观察的时候,他会觉得那只是个空的东西,只是个虚的东西……比丘们,一个阳焰里能有什么实心呢?同样地,比丘们,任何想……
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gimhānaṃ pacchime māse ṭhite majjhanhike kāle marīcikā phandati. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya…pe… kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, marīcikāya sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yā kāci saññā…pe….
722比丘们,就好比一个需要实心木料的人,寻找实心木料,到处寻找实心木料,他拿着一把锋利的斧头走进森林。在那里,他看到一根巨大的芭蕉树干,挺拔、鲜嫩、没有空洞。他在根部砍断它,砍断了根部后,又砍掉顶部;砍掉顶部后,他剥开叶鞘。当他剥开叶鞘时,连软木都找不到,更何况是实心呢?一个有眼力的人会看到它、审视它、如理地观察它。当他看到、审视、如理地观察的时候,他会觉得那只是个空的东西,只是个虚的东西,只是个没有实心的东西。比丘们,一根芭蕉树干里能有什么实心呢?同样地,比丘们,比丘观察、审视、如理地观察任何行,无论是过去的、未来的、现在的……无论是远的还是近的。当他看到、审视、如理地观察的时候,他会觉得那只是个空的东西,只是个虚的东西,只是个没有实心的东西。比丘们,在诸行里能有什么实心呢?
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṃ caramāno tiṇhaṃ kuṭhāriṃ ādāya vanaṃ paviseyya. So tattha passeyya mahantaṃ kadalikkhandhaṃ ujuṃ navaṃ akukkukajātaṃ . Tamenaṃ mūle chindeyya; mūle chetvā agge chindeyya, agge chetvā pattavaṭṭiṃ vinibbhujeyya. So tassa pattavaṭṭiṃ vinibbhujanto pheggumpi nādhigaccheyya, kuto sāraṃ! Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya, asārakaññeva khāyeyya. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, kadalikkhandhe sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye keci saṅkhārā atītānāgatapaccuppannā…pe… ye dūre santike vā taṃ bhikkhu passati nijjhāyati yoniso upaparikkhati. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyati, tucchakaññeva khāyati, asārakaññeva khāyati. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, saṅkhāresu sāro?
723比丘们,就好比一个魔术师,或魔术师的徒弟,在十字路口表演魔术。一个有眼力的人会看到它、审视它、如理地观察它。当他看到、审视、如理地观察的时候,他会觉得那只是个空的东西,只是个虚的东西,只是个没有实心的东西。比丘们,一个魔术里能有什么实心呢?同样地,比丘们,比丘观察、审视、如理地观察任何识,无论是过去的、未来的、现在的……无论是远的还是近的。当他看到、审视、如理地观察的时候,他会觉得那只是个空的东西,只是个虚的东西,只是个没有实心的东西。比丘们,在识里能有什么实心呢?
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, māyākāro vā māyākārantevāsī vā catumahāpathe māyaṃ vidaṃseyya. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso passeyya nijjhāyeyya yoniso upaparikkheyya. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyeyya, tucchakaññeva khāyeyya, asārakaññeva khāyeyya. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, māyāya sāro? Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā, taṃ bhikkhu passati nijjhāyati yoniso upaparikkhati. Tassa taṃ passato nijjhāyato yoniso upaparikkhato rittakaññeva khāyati, tucchakaññeva khāyati, asārakaññeva khāyati. Kiñhi siyā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe sāro?
724「诸比丘!如此见者,多闻的圣弟子于色亦厌离,于受亦……于想亦……于诸行亦……于识亦厌离。厌离者离染;离染者解脱。于解脱,生起『已解脱』之智……(中略)……他了知『不再有后有』。」
‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi… saññāyapi… saṅkhāresupi … viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāti’’.
725世尊说此。说此已,善逝、导师又说:
Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
726'色就像一堆泡沫,受就像水泡,'
‘‘Pheṇapiṇḍūpamaṃ rūpaṃ, vedanā bubbuḷūpamā ;
727“想”就像阳焰,诸“行”如同芭蕉树;
Marīcikūpamā saññā, saṅkhārā kadalūpamā;
728而“识”则如幻术,这是佛陀的教导。
Māyūpamañca viññāṇaṃ, desitādiccabandhunā.
729无论怎样思索、如理地去审视,
‘‘Yathā yathā nijjhāyati, yoniso upaparikkhati;
730若人如理地看待它,它都只是空洞、虚无。
Rittakaṃ tucchakaṃ hoti, yo naṃ passati yoniso.
731关于这个身体,大智慧者这样教导:
‘‘Imañca kāyaṃ ārabbha, bhūripaññena desitaṃ;
732当舍弃了三种法,再看色身——它就像已被丢弃的东西。
Pahānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ, rūpaṃ passatha chaḍḍitaṃ.
733「当寿、暖与识,舍弃此身时,
‘‘Āyu usmā ca viññāṇaṃ, yadā kāyaṃ jahantimaṃ;
734那时它被抛弃而躺卧,成为他人之食、无心识者。
Apaviddho tadā seti, parabhattaṃ acetanaṃ.
735「此相续如是,此幻、此愚者之欺诳。
‘‘Etādisāyaṃ santāno, māyāyaṃ bālalāpinī;
736这被称为屠夫,此中找不到实质。
Vadhako esa akkhāto, sāro ettha na vijjati.
737比丘应当如此观察诸蕴,精进努力;
‘‘Evaṃ khandhe avekkheyya, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo;
738无论白天或夜晚,正知、具念。
Divā vā yadi vā rattiṃ, sampajāno paṭissato.
739要舍弃一切束缚,为自己建立依归;
‘‘Jaheyya sabbasaṃyogaṃ, kareyya saraṇattano;
740应当如头燃般而行,希求不死之处。第三经。
Careyyādittasīsova, patthayaṃ accutaṃ pada’’nti. tatiyaṃ;
7414. 牛粪团经
4. Gomayapiṇḍasuttaṃ
96在舍卫城。在一旁坐下后,那位比丘对世尊说:“大德,人们说‘说法者、说法者’。大德,怎样才称得上是说法者?” “比丘,如果一位比丘为了对色生厌、离欲、灭尽而说法,那就可以称他为‘说法者比丘’。比丘,如果一位比丘为了对色生厌、离欲、灭尽而修行,那就可以称他为‘法随法行比丘’。比丘,如果一位比丘通过对色的厌离、离欲、灭尽而无取著解脱,那就可以称他为‘现法涅槃证得者比丘’。比丘,同样,对于受……比丘,对于想……比丘,对于行……比丘,如果一位比丘为了对识生厌、离欲、灭尽而说法,那就可以称他为‘说法者比丘’。比丘,如果一位比丘为了对识生厌、离欲、灭尽而修行,那就可以称他为‘法随法行比丘’。比丘,如果一位比丘通过对识的厌离、离欲、灭尽而无取著解脱,那就可以称他为‘现法涅槃证得者比丘’。” 第三。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci rūpaṃ yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci vedanā yā vedanā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci saññā yā saññā…pe… atthi nu kho, bhante, keci saṅkhārā ye saṅkhārā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassanti? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī’’ti? ‘‘Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kiñci rūpaṃ, yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kāci vedanā… kāci saññā… keci saṅkhārā… kiñci viññāṇaṃ , yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī’’ti.
743那时,世尊用手拿起一小团牛粪,对那位比丘如此说:「比丘,连这么多的个体获得也不是常的、坚固的、恒久的、不变易法、将如此永恒地安住。比丘,如果连这么多的个体获得是常的、坚固的、恒久的、不变易法,这梵行住就不会被了知为正确地灭尽苦。比丘,正因为连这么多的个体获得也不是常的、坚固的、恒久的、不变易法,所以梵行住被了知为正确地灭尽苦。
Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ gomayapiṇḍaṃ pāṇinā gahetvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ettakopi kho, bhikkhu, attabhāvapaṭilābho natthi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Ettako cepi, bhikkhu, attabhāvapaṭilābho abhavissa nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, nayidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakopi attabhāvapaṭilābho natthi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya.
744比丘,过去我曾是王,灌顶的刹帝利。比丘,我那灌顶的刹帝利王有八万四千城市,以拘舍瓦帝王都为首。比丘,我那灌顶的刹帝利王有八万四千宫殿,以法宫为首。比丘,我那灌顶的刹帝利王有八万四千重阁,以大庄严重阁为首。比丘,我那灌顶的刹帝利王有八万四千卧榻,以象牙制、心材制、黄金制,铺以羊毛毯、白毯、花毯,覆以迦达利鹿王最上皮,有顶盖,两端有红枕。比丘,我那灌顶的刹帝利王有八万四千象,以黄金装饰,黄金幢,覆以金网,以伍波萨他象王为首。比丘,我那灌顶的刹帝利王有八万四千马,以黄金装饰,黄金幢,覆以金网,以瓦拉哈咖马王为首。比丘,我那灌顶的刹帝利王有八万四千车,以黄金装饰,黄金幢,覆以金网,以韦迦延德车为首。比丘,我那灌顶的刹帝利王有八万四千摩尼,以摩尼宝为首。比丘,我那……有八万四千女人,以苏跋达天后为首。比丘,我那……有八万四千刹帝利随从,以导师宝为首。比丘,我那……有八万四千母牛,以细布覆盖,以铜器盛乳。比丘,我那……有八万四千万衣,细麻、细绢、细羊毛、细棉。比丘,我那……有八万四千盘食,早晚供奉饮食。
‘‘Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhikkhu, rājā ahosiṃ khattiyo muddhāvasitto. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītinagarasahassāni ahesuṃ kusāvatī rājadhānippamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītipāsādasahassāni ahesuṃ dhammapāsādappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītikūṭāgārasahassāni ahesuṃ mahābyūhakūṭāgārappamukhāni . Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītipallaṅkasahassāni ahesuṃ dantamayāni sāramayāni sovaṇṇamayāni goṇakatthatāni paṭikatthatāni paṭalikatthatāni kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇāni sauttaracchadāni ubhatolohitakūpadhānāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītināgasahassāni ahesuṃ sovaṇṇālaṅkārāni sovaṇṇaddhajāni hemajālapaṭicchannāni uposathanāgarājappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītiassasahassāni ahesuṃ sovaṇṇālaṅkārāni sovaṇṇaddhajāni hemajālapaṭicchannāni valāhakaassarājappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītirathasahassāni ahesuṃ sovaṇṇālaṅkārāni sovaṇṇaddhajāni hemajālapaṭicchannāni vejayantarathappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītimaṇisahassāni ahesuṃ maṇiratanappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu…pe… caturāsītiitthisahassāni ahesuṃ subhaddādevippamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu…pe… caturāsītikhattiyasahassāni ahesuṃ anuyantāni pariṇāyakaratanappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu…pe… caturāsītidhenusahassāni ahesuṃ dukūlasandanāni kaṃsūpadhāraṇāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu…pe… caturāsītivatthakoṭisahassāni ahesuṃ khomasukhumāni koseyyasukhumāni kambalasukhumāni kappāsikasukhumāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu…pe… caturāsītithālipākasahassāni ahesuṃ; sāyaṃ pātaṃ bhattābhihāro abhihariyittha.
745「比丘,在那八万四千座城市中,只有一座城市是我当时所居住的——拘舍瓦帝王都。比丘,在那八万四千座宫殿中,只有一座宫殿是我当时所居住的——法宫殿。比丘,在那八万四千座重阁中,只有一座重阁是我当时所居住的——大庄严重阁。比丘,在那八万四千张卧榻中,只有一张卧榻是我当时所受用的——象牙制的、或心材制的、或金制的、或银制的。比丘,在那八万四千头象中,只有一头象是我当时所乘骑的——伍波萨他象王。比丘,在那八万四千匹马中,只有一匹马是我当时所乘骑的——瓦拉哈咖马王。比丘,在那八万四千辆车中,只有一辆车是我当时所乘骑的——韦迦延德车。比丘,在那八万四千位女子中,只有一位女子是我当时所侍奉的——刹帝利女或韦拉弥咖女。比丘,在那八万四千万件衣服中,只有一套衣服是我当时所穿着的——细亚麻布或细丝绸或细羊毛或细棉布。比丘,在那八万四千盘食物中,只有一盘食物是我所食用的,从那里我最多吃一那利咖的饭以及相应的咖哩。比丘,如是一切那些诸行已过去、已灭尽、已变易。比丘,诸行如是无常。比丘,诸行如是不坚固。比丘,诸行如是不可依靠。比丘,这足以对一切诸行厌离,足以离贪,足以解脱。」第四经。
‘‘Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā nagarasahassānaṃ ekaññeva taṃ nagaraṃ hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena ajjhāvasāmi – kusāvatī rājadhānī. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā pāsādasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so pāsādo hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena ajjhāvasāmi – dhammo pāsādo. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā kūṭāgārasahassānaṃ ekaññeva taṃ kūṭāgāraṃ hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena ajjhāvasāmi – mahābyūhaṃ kūṭāgāraṃ. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā pallaṅkasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so pallaṅko hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena paribhuñjāmi – dantamayo vā sāramayo vā sovaṇṇamayo vā rūpiyamayo vā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā nāgasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so nāgo hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena abhiruhāmi – uposatho nāgarājā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā assasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so asso hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena abhiruhāmi – valāhako assarājā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā rathasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so ratho hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena abhiruhāmi – vejayanto ratho. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā itthisahassānaṃ ekāyeva sā itthī hoti yā maṃ tena samayena paccupaṭṭhāti – khattiyānī vā velāmikā vā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā vatthakoṭisahassānaṃ ekaññeva taṃ vatthayugaṃ hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena paridahāmi – khomasukhumaṃ vā koseyyasukhumaṃ vā kambalasukhumaṃ vā kappāsikasukhumaṃ vā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā thālipākasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so thālipāko hoti yato nāḷikodanaparamaṃ bhuñjāmi tadupiyañca sūpeyyaṃ . Iti kho, bhikkhu, sabbe te saṅkhārā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā. Evaṃ aniccā kho, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā. Evaṃ addhuvā kho, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā. Evaṃ anassāsikā kho, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā. Yāvañcidaṃ , bhikkhu, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Catutthaṃ.
7465. 指甲尖经
5. Nakhasikhāsuttaṃ
7475. 指甲尖经
5. Nakhasikhāsuttaṃ
97舍卫城因缘。坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,是否有任何色,那色是常、坚固、恒、不变易法,将如此永恒地住立?尊者,是否有任何受,那受是常、坚固、恒、不变易法,将如此永恒地住立?尊者,是否有任何想……任何行,那些行是常、坚固、恒、不变易法,将如此永恒地住立?尊者,是否有任何识,那识是常、坚固、恒、不变易法,将如此永恒地住立?」「比丘,没有任何色,那色是常、坚固、恒、不变易法,将如此永恒地住立。比丘,没有任何受……任何想……任何行……任何识,那识是常、坚固、恒、不变易法,将如此永恒地住立。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci rūpaṃ yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci vedanā yā vedanā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci saññā…pe… keci saṅkhārā, ye saṅkhārā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassanti? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī’’ti? ‘‘Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kiñci rūpaṃ, yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kāci vedanā… kāci saññā… keci saṅkhārā…pe… kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī’’ti.
749这时,世尊用指甲尖挑起一点点土,对那位比丘说:"比丘,就连这么一丁点的色,也没有恒常的、坚固的、永恒的、不变异之法,能像永恒那样一直保持下去。比丘,如果真有这么一丁点的色是恒常、坚固、永恒、不变异之法的话,就不会有人认识到过梵行生活是为了彻底灭尽苦了。但正因为,比丘,就连这么一丁点的色都没有恒常、坚固、永恒、不变异之法,所以人们才认识到过梵行生活是为了彻底灭尽苦。"
Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ettakampi kho, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ natthi niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Ettakaṃ cepi, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ abhavissa niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ, nayidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakampi rūpaṃ natthi niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya’’.
750"比丘,就连这么一丁点的受,也没有恒常的、坚固的、永恒的、不变异之法,能像永恒那样一直保持下去。比丘,如果真有这么一丁点的受是恒常、坚固、永恒、不变异之法的话,就不会有人认识到过梵行生活是为了彻底灭尽苦了。但正因为,比丘,就连这么一丁点的受都没有恒常、坚固、永恒、不变异之法,所以人们才认识到过梵行生活是为了彻底灭尽苦。"
‘‘Ettakāpi kho, bhikkhu, vedanā natthi niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Ettakā cepi, bhikkhu, vedanā abhavissa niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā, na yidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakāpi vedanā natthi niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya.
751"比丘,就连这么一丁点的想也没有……比丘,就连这么一丁点的行,也没有恒常的、坚固的、永恒的、不变异之法,能像永恒那样一直保持下去。比丘,如果真有这么一丁点的行是恒常、坚固、永恒、不变异之法的话,就不会有人认识到过梵行生活是为了彻底灭尽苦了。但正因为,比丘,就连这么一丁点的行都没有恒常、坚固、永恒、不变异之法,所以人们才认识到过梵行生活是为了彻底灭尽苦。"
‘‘Ettakāpi kho, bhikkhu, saññā natthi…pe… ettakāpi kho, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā natthi niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassanti. Ettakā cepi, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā abhavissaṃsu niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā, na yidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakāpi saṅkhārā natthi niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya.
752"比丘,就连这么一丁点的识,也没有恒常的、坚固的、永恒的、不变异之法,能像永恒那样一直保持下去。比丘,如果真有这么一丁点的识是恒常、坚固、永恒、不变异之法的话,就不会有人认识到过梵行生活是为了彻底灭尽苦了。但正因为,比丘,就连这么一丁点的识都没有恒常、坚固、永恒、不变异之法,所以人们才认识到过梵行生活是为了彻底灭尽苦。"
‘‘Ettakampi kho, bhikkhu, viññāṇaṃ natthi niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Ettakampi kho, bhikkhu, viññāṇaṃ abhavissa niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ, na yidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakampi viññāṇaṃ natthi niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya.
753"比丘,你怎么想?色是常的还是无常的?""尊者,是无常的。""受……想……行……识是常的还是无常的?""尊者,是无常的。"……"因此……像这样观察……他清楚地知道:'再也没有来世这样的状态了。'"第五经。
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ bhante’’…pe… ‘‘tasmātiha…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
7546. 苏提咖经
6. Suddhikasuttaṃ
7556. 苏提咖经
6. Suddhikasuttaṃ
98在舍卫城。在一旁坐下后,那位比丘对世尊说:“大德,人们说‘说法者、说法者’。大德,怎样算是说法者?怎样算是法随法行者?怎样算是现法涅槃证得者?” “比丘,如果一位比丘为了对色生厌、离欲、灭尽而说法,那就可以称他为‘说法者比丘’。比丘,如果一位比丘为了对色生厌、离欲、灭尽而修行,那就可以称他为‘法随法行比丘’。比丘,如果一位比丘通过对色的厌离、离欲、灭尽而无取著解脱,那就可以称他为‘现法涅槃证得者比丘’。比丘,同样,对于受……比丘,对于想……比丘,对于行……比丘,如果一位比丘为了对识生厌、离欲、灭尽而说法,那就可以称他为‘说法者比丘’。比丘,如果一位比丘为了对识生厌、离欲、灭尽而修行,那就可以称他为‘法随法行比丘’。比丘,如果一位比丘通过对识的厌离、离欲、灭尽而无取著解脱,那就可以称他为‘现法涅槃证得者比丘’。” 第四。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci rūpaṃ, yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci vedanā…pe… kāci saññā… keci saṅkhārā… kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī’’ti? ‘‘Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kiñci rūpaṃ yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kāci vedanā… kāci saññā… keci saṅkhārā… kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
7577. 缚索经
7. Gaddulabaddhasuttaṃ
99舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!此轮回无始。无明所盖、渴爱所系的众生流转轮回,不知其前际。诸比丘!有时大海干涸枯竭而不存在;然而诸比丘!我不说无明所盖、渴爱所系的众生流转轮回之苦有终结。诸比丘!有时须弥山王燃烧毁灭而不存在;然而诸比丘!我不说无明所盖、渴爱所系的众生流转轮回之苦有终结。诸比丘!有时大地燃烧毁灭而不存在;然而诸比丘!我不说无明所盖、渴爱所系的众生流转轮回之苦有终结。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Hoti so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ mahāsamuddo ussussati visussati na bhavati; na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmi. Hoti so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ sineru pabbatarājā ḍayhati vinassati na bhavati; na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmi. Hoti so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ mahāpathavī ḍayhati vinassati na bhavati; na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmi’’.
759「诸比丘!譬如狗被绳系缚,被系缚于坚固的柱或桩,它只是绕着那柱或桩转来转去;同样地,诸比丘!未受教导的凡夫,不见诸圣者……未受善人法的训练,认为色是我……认为受是我……认为想是我……认为诸行是我……认为识是我,或认为我拥有识;或认为识在我中,或认为我在识中。他只是绕着色转来转去,绕着受……绕着想……绕着诸行……绕着识转来转去。他绕着色转来转去,绕着受……绕着想……绕着诸行……绕着识转来转去,不能从色解脱,不能从受解脱,不能从想解脱,不能从诸行解脱,不能从识解脱,不能从生、老死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。我说『他不能从苦解脱』。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sā gaddulabaddho daḷhe khīle vā thambhe vā upanibaddho tameva khīlaṃ vā thambhaṃ vā anuparidhāvati anuparivattati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī…pe… sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati…pe… vedanaṃ attato samanupassati… saññaṃ attato samanupassati… saṅkhāre attato samanupassati… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. So rūpaññeva anuparidhāvati anuparivattati, vedanaññeva…pe… saññaññeva… saṅkhāreyeva… viññāṇaññeva anuparidhāvati anuparivattati. So rūpaṃ anuparidhāvaṃ anuparivattaṃ, vedanaṃ…pe… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ anuparidhāvaṃ anuparivattaṃ, na parimuccati rūpamhā, na parimuccati vedanāya, na parimuccati saññāya, na parimuccati saṅkhārehi, na parimuccati viññāṇamhā, na parimuccati jātiyā jarāmaraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.
760「诸比丘!然而,已受教导的圣弟子,见诸圣者……受善人法的善训练,不认为色是我……不认为受……不认为想……不认为诸行……不认为识是我,不认为我拥有识;不认为识在我中,不认为我在识中。他不绕着色转来转去,不绕着受……想……诸行……识转来转去。他不绕着色转来转去,不绕着受……想……诸行……识转来转去;他从色解脱,从受解脱,从想解脱,从诸行解脱,从识解脱,从生、老死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱。我说『他从苦解脱』。」第七经。
‘‘Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī…pe… sappurisadhamme suvinīto, na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati…pe… na vedanaṃ… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. So rūpaṃ nānuparidhāvati nānuparivattati, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ nānuparidhāvati nānuparivattati. So rūpaṃ ananuparidhāvaṃ ananuparivattaṃ, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ ananuparidhāvaṃ ananuparivattaṃ; parimuccati rūpamhā, parimuccati vedanāya, parimuccati saññāya, parimuccati saṅkhārehi, parimuccati viññāṇamhā, parimuccati jātiyā jarāmaraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
7618. 第二缚索经
8. Dutiyagaddulabaddhasuttaṃ
100舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!此轮回无始。无明所盖、渴爱所系的众生流转轮回,不知其前际。诸比丘!譬如狗被绳系缚,被系缚于坚固的柱或桩。它若行走,只是走近那柱或桩;它若站立,只是站近那柱或桩;它若坐下,只是坐近那柱或桩;它若躺卧,只是躺近那柱或桩。同样地,诸比丘!未受教导的凡夫认为色『这是我的,这是我,这是我的我』。认为受……想……诸行……识『这是我的,这是我,这是我的我』。他若行走,只是走近这五取蕴;他若站立,只是站近这五取蕴;他若坐下,只是坐近这五取蕴;他若躺卧,只是躺近这五取蕴。因此,诸比丘!应当时常省察自己的心:『长夜以来,此心被贪、嗔、痴所染污。』诸比丘!由于心的染污,众生被染污;由于心的清净,众生得清净。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sā gaddulabaddho daḷhe khīle vā thambhe vā upanibaddho. So gacchati cepi tameva khīlaṃ vā thambhaṃ vā upagacchati; tiṭṭhati cepi tameva khīlaṃ vā thambhaṃ vā upatiṭṭhati; nisīdati cepi tameva khīlaṃ vā thambhaṃ vā upanisīdati; nipajjati cepi tameva khīlaṃ vā thambhaṃ vā upanipajjati. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano rūpaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati. So gacchati cepi ime pañcupādānakkhandhe upagacchati; tiṭṭhati cepi ime pañcupādānakkhandhe upatiṭṭhati; nisīdati cepi ime pañcupādānakkhandhe upanisīdati; nipajjati cepi ime pañcupādānakkhandhe upanipajjati. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, abhikkhaṇaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ – ‘dīgharattamidaṃ cittaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ rāgena dosena mohenā’ti. Cittasaṃkilesā, bhikkhave, sattā saṃkilissanti; cittavodānā sattā visujjhanti.
763「诸比丘!你们见过名为『杂色』的画吗?」「是的,尊者。」「诸比丘!那名为『杂色』的画也是由心所绘成。诸比丘!即使那杂色的画,心比它更杂色。因此,诸比丘!应当时常省察自己的心:『长夜以来,此心被贪、嗔、痴所染污。』诸比丘!由于心的染污,众生被染污;由于心的清净,众生得清净。
‘‘Diṭṭhaṃ vo, bhikkhave, caraṇaṃ nāma citta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Tampi kho, bhikkhave, caraṇaṃ nāma cittaṃ citteneva cittitaṃ. Tenapi kho, bhikkhave, caraṇena cittena cittaññeva cittataraṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, abhikkhaṇaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ – ‘dīgharattamidaṃ cittaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ rāgena dosena mohenā’ti. Cittasaṃkilesā, bhikkhave, sattā saṃkilissanti; cittavodānā sattā visujjhanti.
764「诸比丘!我不见其他任何一类众生如此杂色。诸比丘!即如这些畜生道的众生,诸比丘!那些畜生道的众生也是由心所绘成,即使那些畜生道的众生,心比它们更杂色。因此,诸比丘!应当时常省察自己的心:『长夜以来,此心被贪、嗔、痴所染污。』诸比丘!由于心的染污,众生被染污;由于心的清净,众生得清净。
‘‘Nāhaṃ , bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekanikāyampi samanupassāmi evaṃ cittaṃ. Yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā, tepi kho, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā citteneva cittitā, tehipi kho, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatehi pāṇehi cittaññeva cittataraṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, abhikkhaṇaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ paccavekkhitabbaṃ – ‘dīgharattamidaṃ cittaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ rāgena dosena mohenā’ti. Cittasaṃkilesā, bhikkhave, sattā saṃkilissanti; cittavodānā sattā visujjhanti.
765比丘们,就像一个染布匠或画师,用染料、胭脂、姜黄、靛蓝或茜草,在一块打磨光滑的木板、墙壁或布匹上,画出完整的男人或女人形象。同样地,比丘们,没有听闻正法的凡夫,当他‘造作’时,他只是在造作色;当他‘造作’时,只是在造作受……想……行……当他‘造作’时,只是在造作识。比丘们,你们怎么想?色是常的还是无常的?”“无常的,尊者。”“受……想……行……识……所以,比丘们,这样观察……他便知道:‘不再有来世的状态了。’第八经。
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, rajako vā cittakārako vā rajanāya vā lākhāya vā haliddiyā vā nīliyā vā mañjiṭṭhāya vā suparimaṭṭhe phalake vā bhittiyā vā dussapaṭṭe vā itthirūpaṃ vā purisarūpaṃ vā abhinimmineyya sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano rūpaññeva abhinibbattento abhinibbatteti, vedanaññeva…pe… saññaññeva… saṅkhāre yeva… viññāṇaññeva abhinibbattento abhinibbatteti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ…pe… ‘‘tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
7669. 斧柄经
9. Vāsijaṭasuttaṃ
7679. 斧柄经
9. Vāsijaṭasuttaṃ
101舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!我说知者、见者有诸漏尽,非不知者、不见者。诸比丘!知什么、见什么而有诸漏尽?『如是色,如是色之集,如是色之灭;如是受……如是想……如是诸行……如是识,如是识之集,如是识之灭』——诸比丘!如是知、如是见而有诸漏尽。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Jānato ahaṃ, bhikkhave, passato āsavānaṃ khayaṃ vadāmi, no ajānato no apassato. Kiñca, bhikkhave, jānato kiṃ passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti? ‘Iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti – evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti’’.
769比丘们,如果一位比丘安住时,不致力于修习,即使他生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我的心能通过不执取而解脱诸漏!’但是他的心并不能通过不执取而解脱诸漏。这是什么原因呢?只能说:‘因为他没有修习。’没有修习什么?没有修习四念处,没有修习四正勤,没有修习四神足,没有修习五根,没有修习五力,没有修习七觉支,没有修习八圣道。
‘‘Bhāvanānuyogaṃ ananuyuttassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno viharato kiñcāpi evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho vata me anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucceyyā’ti, atha khvassa neva anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccati. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘Abhāvitattā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ. Kissa abhāvitattā? Abhāvitattā catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ, abhāvitattā catunnaṃ sammappadhānānaṃ, abhāvitattā catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ, abhāvitattā pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ, abhāvitattā pañcannaṃ balānaṃ, abhāvitattā sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ, abhāvitattā ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa.
770比丘们,假设一只母鸡有八颗、十颗或十二颗蛋。如果它没有好好地伏卧、好好地孵暖、好好地孕育这些蛋。即使母鸡生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我的小鸡们能用脚爪尖或嘴尖啄破蛋壳,安全地孵化出来!’但那些小鸡并没有能力用脚爪尖或嘴尖啄破蛋壳,安全地孵化出来。这是什么原因呢?比丘们,因为那只母鸡有八颗、十颗或十二颗蛋,但它没有好好地伏卧、好好地孵暖、好好地孕育它们。同样地,比丘们,如果一位比丘安住时,不致力于修习,即使他生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我的心能通过不执取而解脱诸漏!’但是他的心并不能通过不执取而解脱诸漏。这是什么原因呢?只能说:‘因为他没有修习。’没有修习什么?没有修习四念处……八圣道。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kukkuṭiyā aṇḍāni aṭṭha vā dasa vā dvādasa vā. Tānassu kukkuṭiyā na sammā adhisayitāni, na sammā pariseditāni, na sammā paribhāvitāni. Kiñcāpi tassā kukkuṭiyā evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho, vata me kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjeyyu’nti, atha kho abhabbāva te kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjituṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Tathā hi pana, bhikkhave, kukkuṭiyā aṇḍāni aṭṭha vā dasa vā dvādasa vā; tāni kukkuṭiyā na sammā adhisayitāni, na sammā pariseditāni, na sammā paribhāvitāni. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhāvanānuyogaṃ ananuyuttassa bhikkhuno viharato kiñcāpi evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho, vata me anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucceyyā’ti, atha khvassa neva anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccati. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘Abhāvitattā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Kissa abhāvitattā? Abhāvitattā catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ…pe… aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa.
771比丘们,如果一位比丘安住时,致力于修习,即使他没有生起这样的愿望:‘啊,但愿我的心能通过不执取而解脱诸漏!’但他的心却能通过不执取而解脱诸漏。这是什么原因呢?只能说:‘因为他修习了。’修习了什么?修习了四念处,修习了四正勤,修习了四神足,修习了五根,修习了五力,修习了七觉支,修习了八圣道。
‘‘Bhāvanānuyogaṃ anuyuttassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno viharato kiñcāpi na evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho vata me anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucceyyā’ti, atha khvassa anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccati. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘Bhāvitattā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Kissa bhāvitattā? Bhāvitattā catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ, bhāvitattā catunnaṃ sammappadhānānaṃ, bhāvitattā catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ, bhāvitattā pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ, bhāvitattā pañcannaṃ balānaṃ, bhāvitattā sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ, bhāvitattā ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa.
772「诸比丘,譬如母鸡有八个、十个或十二个蛋。那些蛋被母鸡善加覆盖、善加温暖、善加孵育。虽然那只母鸡可能不生起这样的愿望:『啊,愿我的小鸡能以脚爪尖或以嘴喙啄破蛋壳而安全地孵出!』然而那些小鸡却能以脚爪尖或以嘴喙啄破蛋壳而安全地孵出。那是什么原因?诸比丘,因为那只母鸡的八个、十个或十二个蛋被善加覆盖、被善加温暖、被善加孵育。同样地,诸比丘,对于从事修习的比丘而言,虽然他可能不生起这样的愿望:『啊,愿我的心能以不执取而从诸漏解脱!』然而他的心却能以不执取而从诸漏解脱。那是什么原因?应当说:『因为已修习。』因为什么已修习?因为四念处已修习……乃至……因为圣八支道已修习。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kukkuṭiyā aṇḍāni aṭṭha vā dasa vā dvādasa vā. Tānassu kukkuṭiyā sammā adhisayitāni, sammā pariseditāni, sammā paribhāvitāni . Kiñcāpi tassā kukkuṭiyā na evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho vata me kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjeyyu’nti, atha kho bhabbāva te kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjituṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Tathā hi pana, bhikkhave, kukkuṭiyā aṇḍāni aṭṭha vā dasa vā dvādasa vā; tānassu kukkuṭiyā sammā adhisayitāni, sammā pariseditāni, sammā paribhāvitāni. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhāvanānuyogaṃ anuyuttassa bhikkhuno viharato kiñcāpi na evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho vata me anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucceyyā’ti, atha khvassa anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccati. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘Bhāvitattā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Kissa bhāvitattā? Bhāvitattā catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ…pe… bhāvitattā ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa.
773「诸比丘,譬如木匠或木匠的弟子在斧柄上看见指印,看见拇指印。然而他却没有这样的智——『今天我的斧柄磨损了这么多,昨天这么多,前天这么多』。然而当磨损时,他只有『已磨损』的智。同样地,诸比丘,对于从事修习之轭的比丘而住者,即使没有这样的智——『今天我的诸漏灭尽了这么多,昨天这么多,前天这么多』,然而当灭尽时,他只有『已灭尽』的智。诸比丘,譬如海船以藤索捆绑,在水中经历雨季月,在冬季被拖上岸,藤索被风吹日晒。那些藤索被雨云浇淋后,不费力地就松弛了,腐烂了;同样地,诸比丘,对于从事修习之轭的比丘而住者,不费力地诸结就松弛了,腐烂了。」第九经。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, palagaṇḍassa vā palagaṇḍantevāsissa vā vāsijaṭe dissanteva aṅgulipadāni dissati aṅguṭṭhapadaṃ. No ca khvassa evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘ettakaṃ vata me ajja vāsijaṭassa khīṇaṃ, ettakaṃ hiyyo, ettakaṃ pare’ti. Atha khvassa khīṇe khīṇantveva ñāṇaṃ hoti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhāvanānuyogaṃ anuyuttassa bhikkhuno viharato kiñcāpi na evaṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti – ‘ettakaṃ vata me ajja āsavānaṃ khīṇaṃ, ettakaṃ hiyyo, ettakaṃ pare’ti, atha khvassa khīṇe khīṇantveva ñāṇaṃ hoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sāmuddikāya nāvāya vettabandhanabaddhāya vassamāsāni udake pariyādāya hemantikena thalaṃ ukkhittāya vātātapaparetāni vettabandhanāni. Tāni pāvusakena meghena abhippavuṭṭhāni appakasireneva paṭippassambhanti pūtikāni bhavanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhāvanānuyogaṃ anuyuttassa bhikkhuno viharato appakasireneva saṃyojanāni paṭippassambhanti pūtikāni bhavantī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
77410. 无常想经
10. Aniccasaññāsuttaṃ
102舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,无常想已修习、已多修习,能遍尽一切欲贪,能遍尽一切色贪,能遍尽一切有贪,能遍尽一切无明,能根除一切我慢。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Aniccasaññā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā bahulīkatā sabbaṃ kāmarāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ rūparāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ bhavarāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ avijjaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati’’.
776「诸比丘,譬如在秋季时,农夫用大犁耕作,粉碎一切根茎而耕作;同样地,诸比丘,无常想已修习、已多修习,能遍尽一切欲贪,能遍尽一切色贪,能遍尽一切有贪,能遍尽一切无明,能根除一切我慢。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, saradasamaye kassako mahānaṅgalena kasanto sabbāni mūlasantānakāni sampadālento kasati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā bhāvitā bahulīkatā sabbaṃ kāmarāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ rūparāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ bhavarāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ avijjaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
777「诸比丘,譬如割草者割草后,抓住顶端摇动、抖动、震落;同样地,诸比丘,无常想已修习、已多修习,能遍尽一切欲贪……乃至……能根除一切我慢。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pabbajalāyako pabbajaṃ lāyitvā agge gahetvā odhunāti niddhunāti nicchoṭeti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā bhāvitā bahulīkatā sabbaṃ kāmarāgaṃ pariyādiyati…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
778「诸比丘,譬如芒果串被切断茎后,所有那些依茎连结的芒果,全都随之而去;同样地,诸比丘,无常想已修习……根除一切我慢。
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, ambapiṇḍiyā vaṇṭacchinnāya yāni tattha ambāni vaṇṭapaṭibandhāni sabbāni tāni tadanvayāni bhavanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā bhāvitā…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
779“比丘们,就像一间尖顶屋,不管有多少根椽子,它们全都聚向屋顶、斜向屋顶、汇合于屋顶,屋顶被称为它们中最高的;同样,比丘们,修习无常想……能根除所有我慢。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kūṭāgārassa yā kāci gopānasiyo sabbā tā kūṭaṅgamā kūṭaninnā kūṭasamosaraṇā, kūṭaṃ tāsaṃ aggamakkhāyati ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā bhāvitā…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
780“比丘们,就像任何根茎类的香料中,黑旃檀被称为它们中最高的;同样,比丘们,无常想……能根除所有我慢。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci mūlagandhā kāḷānusārigandho tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
781“比丘们,就像任何心材类的香料中,红旃檀被称为它们中最高的;同样,比丘们,无常想……能根除所有我慢。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci sāragandhā, lohitacandanaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
782“比丘们,就像任何花朵类的香料中,茉莉花被称为它们中最高的;同样,比丘们,无常想……能根除所有我慢。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci pupphagandhā, vassikaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
783“比丘们,就像任何小王,全都成为转轮王的随从,转轮王被称为他们中最高的;同样,比丘们,无常想……能根除所有我慢。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci kuṭṭarājāno , sabbete rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā bhavanti, rājā tesaṃ cakkavatti aggamakkhāyati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
784“比丘们,就像任何星星的光辉,全都及不上月光辉的十六分之一,月光辉被称为它们中最高的;同样,比丘们,无常想……能根除所有我慢。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yā kāci tārakarūpānaṃ pabhā, sabbā tā candimappabhāya kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasiṃ, candappabhā tāsaṃ aggamakkhāyati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
785「诸比丘,譬如秋季时节,当天空晴朗、无云时,太阳升上天空,驱散一切空中的黑暗,照耀、发热、光辉;同样地,诸比丘,无常想已修习、已多修习,遍尽一切欲贪,遍尽一切色贪,遍尽一切有贪,遍尽一切无明,根除一切我慢。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, saradasamaye viddhe vigatavalāhake deve ādicco nataṃ abbhussakkamāno, sabbaṃ ākāsagataṃ tamagataṃ abhivihacca bhāsate ca tapate ca virocate ca; evameva kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā bhāvitā bahulīkatā sabbaṃ kāmarāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ rūparāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ bhavarāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ avijjaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati.
786比丘们,无常想要如何修习、如何充分培养,才能彻底断除所有的欲贪……乃至……连根拔除所有的我慢呢?'这就是色,这就是色的生起,这就是色的灭去;这就是受……这就是想……这就是行……这就是识,这就是识的生起,这就是识的灭去'——就是这样修习、这样充分培养无常想,比丘们,它就能彻底断除所有的欲贪,彻底断除所有的色贪,彻底断除所有的有贪,彻底断除所有的无明,连根拔除所有的我慢。第十经。
‘‘Kathaṃ bhāvitā ca, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā kathaṃ bahulīkatā sabbaṃ kāmarāgaṃ pariyādiyati…pe… sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanati? ‘Iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti – evaṃ bhāvitā kho, bhikkhave, aniccasaññā evaṃ bahulīkatā sabbaṃ kāmarāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ rūparāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ bhavarāgaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ avijjaṃ pariyādiyati, sabbaṃ asmimānaṃ samūhanatī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
787花品第十
Pupphavaggo dasamo.
788其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
789花品第十
Pupphavaggo dasamo.
790其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
791河流、花和泡沫,牛粪和指甲尖;
Nadī pupphañca pheṇañca, gomayañca nakhāsikhaṃ;
792纯净二与束缚,斧柄结与无常。
Suddhikaṃ dve ca gaddulā, vāsījaṭaṃ aniccatāti.
793中五十完
Majjhimapaṇṇāsako samatto.
794中五十品的品目摄颂是:
Tassa majjhimapaṇṇāsakassa vagguddānaṃ –
795执著者与阿拉汉,可嚼食与长老名;
Upayo arahanto ca, khajjanī therasavhayaṃ;
796以花品为五十,由此称为第二。
Pupphavaggena paṇṇāsa, dutiyo tena vuccatīti.
79711. 边品
11. Antavaggo
7981. 边经
1. Antasuttaṃ
79911. 边品
11. Antavaggo
8001. 边经
1. Antasuttaṃ
103源自舍卫城。“比丘们,有这四种边际。哪四种?自身边际、自身集起边际、自身灭尽边际、自身灭尽行道边际。比丘们,什么是自身边际?应说为五取蕴。哪五种?即:色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。比丘们,这称为自身边际。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, antā. Katame cattāro? Sakkāyanto , sakkāyasamudayanto, sakkāyanirodhanto, sakkāyanirodhagāminippaṭipadanto. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyanto? Pañcupādānakkhandhātissa vacanīyaṃ. Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sakkāyanto’’.
802“比丘们,什么是自身集起边际?就是那种带来再有、伴随欢喜和贪爱、到处欢喜的渴爱,即:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。比丘们,这称为自身集起边际。”
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyasamudayanto? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobhavikā nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sakkāyasamudayanto.
803“比丘们,什么是自身灭尽边际?就是那种渴爱的毫无残余地离贪、灭尽、舍弃、遣除、解脱、不执著。比丘们,这称为自身灭尽边际。”
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodhanto? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodhanto.
804「诸比丘,什么是导至有身灭之道端?即是此八支圣道。即是:正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。诸比丘,这称为导至有身灭之道端。诸比丘,这些是四端。」第一经。
‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodhagāminippaṭipadanto? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodhagāminippaṭipadanto . Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro antā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
8052. 苦经
2. Dukkhasuttaṃ
8062. 苦经
2. Dukkhasuttaṃ
104舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,我将为你们说苦、苦集、苦灭及导至苦灭之道。你们要听。诸比丘,什么是苦?应说是五取蕴。哪五种?即是:色取蕴……乃至……识取蕴。诸比丘,这称为苦。诸比丘,什么是苦集?此渴爱能导致再有……乃至……欲爱、有爱、无有爱——诸比丘,这称为苦集。诸比丘,什么是苦灭?即是此渴爱的无余离贪、灭、舍弃、弃舍、解脱、无执著——诸比丘,这称为苦灭。诸比丘,什么是导至苦灭之道?即是此八支圣道。即是:正见……乃至……正定。诸比丘,这称为导至苦灭之道。」第二经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Dukkhañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi dukkhasamudayañca dukkhanirodhañca dukkhanirodhagāminiñca paṭipadaṃ. Taṃ suṇātha. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ? Pañcupādānakkhandhātissa vacanīyaṃ. Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayo? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobhavikā…pe… kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodho? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodho. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
8083. 有身经
3. Sakkāyasuttaṃ
8093. 有身经
3. Sakkāyasuttaṃ
105舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,我将为你们说有身、有身集、有身灭及导至有身灭之道。你们要听。诸比丘,什么是有身?应说是五取蕴。哪五种?即是:色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。诸比丘,这称为有身。诸比丘,什么是有身集?此渴爱能导致再有……乃至……欲爱、有爱、无有爱——诸比丘,这称为有身集。诸比丘,什么是有身灭?即是此渴爱……乃至……诸比丘,这称为有身灭。诸比丘,什么是导至有身灭之道?即是此八支圣道。即是:正见……乃至……正定。诸比丘,这称为导至有身灭之道。」第三经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Sakkāyañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi sakkāyasamudayañca sakkāyanirodhañca sakkāyanirodhagāminiñca paṭipadaṃ. Taṃ suṇātha. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyo? Pañcupādānakkhandhātissa vacanīyaṃ . Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sakkāyo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyasamudayo? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobhavikā…pe… kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sakkāyasamudayo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodho? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya…pe… ayaṃ vuccati , bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodho. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodhagāminī paṭipadā? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
8114. 应遍知经
4. Pariññeyyasuttaṃ
8124. 应遍知经
4. Pariññeyyasuttaṃ
106舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,我将为你们说应遍知之法、遍知及已了知者之人。你们要听。诸比丘,什么是应遍知之法?诸比丘,色是应遍知之法。受……乃至……想……行……识是应遍知之法。诸比丘,这些称为应遍知之法。诸比丘,什么是遍知?贪尽、嗔尽、痴尽——诸比丘,这称为遍知。诸比丘,什么是已了知者之人?应说是阿拉汉。即是此具寿如此名、如此姓——诸比丘,这称为已了知者之人。」第四经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Pariññeyye ca, bhikkhave, dhamme desessāmi pariññañca pariññātāviñca puggalaṃ. Taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, pariññeyyā dhammā? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, pariññeyyo dhammo. Vedanā…pe… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ pariññeyyo dhammo. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, pariññeyyā dhammā. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, pariññā? Rāgakkhayo, dosakkhayo, mohakkhayo – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pariññā. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, pariññātāvī puggalo? Arahātissa vacanīyaṃ. Yvāyaṃ āyasmā evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pariññātāvī puggalo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
8145. 沙门经
5. Samaṇasuttaṃ
8155. 沙门经
5. Samaṇasuttaṃ
107舍卫城因缘。 “比丘们,有这五种取蕴。哪五种呢?就是色取蕴……识取蕴。比丘们,当比丘如实地了知这五种取蕴的集起、灭去、乐味、过患和出离之后,不执取而解脱,比丘们,这位比丘就称为阿拉汉、漏尽者、梵行已立、所作已办、卸下重担、达到自己的目标、彻底灭尽有的结缚、以究竟智解脱。” 第八经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, upādānakkhandhā. Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… pajānanti, sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
8176. 第二沙门经
6. Dutiyasamaṇasuttaṃ
108舍卫城因缘。「比丘们,这五取蕴。哪五个呢?即:色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。比丘们,凡任何沙门或婆罗门对这五取蕴的集起、灭没、乐味、过患、出离没真正了知者,比丘们,我不说彼等沙门或婆罗门是沙门中的沙门或婆罗门中的婆罗门,那些尊者们也未以自己的证智实证实现而住于沙门义或婆罗门义。
比丘们,凡任何沙门或婆罗门对这五取蕴的集起、灭没、乐味、过患、出离如实了知者,比丘们,我说彼等沙门或婆罗门是沙门中的沙门或婆罗门中的婆罗门,那些尊者们也以自己的证智实证实现而住于沙门义或婆罗门义。」第六。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, upādānakkhandhā. Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… pajānanti, sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
8197. 入流者经
7. Sotāpannasuttaṃ
8207. 入流者经
7. Sotāpannasuttaṃ
109舍卫城因缘。
「比丘们!有此等五取蕴。哪五种呢?即:色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。
比丘们!当圣弟子如实了知此等五取蕴的集起、灭没、乐味、过患和出离时,比丘们!此被称为入流圣弟子,不堕落法,决定趣向正觉。」
第七经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, upādānakkhandhā. Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
8228. 阿拉汉经
8. Arahantasuttaṃ
8238. 阿拉汉经
8. Arahantasuttaṃ
110舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,这五取蕴。哪五种呢?即:色取蕴……识取蕴。诸比丘,当比丘对于这五取蕴的集、灭、味、患、离如实知后,以无取而解脱时。诸比丘,这称为阿拉汉比丘,漏尽者、已住梵行者、应作已作者、已舍重担者、已达自己目的者、已尽有结者、以正智解脱者。」第八。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, upādānakkhandhā. Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Yato kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imesaṃ pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ viditvā anupādāvimutto hoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojano sammadaññāvimutto’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
8259. 断欲经
9. Chandappahānasuttaṃ
111舍卫城因缘。 “比丘们,对于色,你们要断除欲、贪、喜、渴爱。这样,那色就被彻底断除,根被切断,像多罗树被砍掉根一样,成为无有,未来不再生起。对于受……对于想……对于诸行……对于识,你们要断除欲、贪、喜、渴爱。这样,那识就被彻底断除,根被切断,像多罗树被砍掉根一样,成为无有,未来不再生起。” 第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Rūpe, bhikkhave, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā, taṃ pajahatha. Evaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ pahīnaṃ bhavissati ucchinnamūlaṃ tālāvatthukataṃ anabhāvaṃkataṃ āyatiṃ anuppādadhammaṃ. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā, taṃ pajahatha. Evaṃ taṃ viññāṇaṃ pahīnaṃ bhavissati ucchinnamūlaṃ tālāvatthukataṃ anabhāvaṃkataṃ āyatiṃ anuppādadhamma’’nti. Navamaṃ.
82710. 第二断欲经
10. Dutiyachandappahānasuttaṃ
112舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,对于色的欲、贪、喜、渴爱,心的近取、住着、倾向、随眠,你们应舍断它们。如此,那色将被舍断,根已被切断……对于受……对于想……对于诸行的欲……如此,那些行将被舍断,根已被切断,如多罗树头,成为非有,于未来为不生法。对于识的欲、贪、喜、渴爱,心的近取、住着、倾向、随眠,你们应舍断它们。如此,那识将被舍断,根已被切断,如多罗树头,成为非有,于未来为不生法。」第十。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Rūpe, bhikkhave, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā, te pajahatha . Evaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ pahīnaṃ bhavissati ucchinnamūlaṃ…pe… vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu yo chando…pe… evaṃ te saṅkhārā pahīnā bhavissanti ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Viññāṇe yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā, te pajahatha. Evaṃ taṃ viññāṇaṃ pahīnaṃ bhavissati ucchinnamūlaṃ tālāvatthukataṃ anabhāvaṃkataṃ āyatiṃ anuppādadhamma’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
829边品第十一
Antavaggo ekādasamo.
830其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
831其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
832内与苦及有身,应遍知、两沙门;
Anto dukkhañca sakkāyo, pariññeyyā samaṇā duve;
833入流者与阿拉汉,以及两欲之舍断。
Sotāpanno arahā ca, duve ca chandappahānāti.
83412. 说法者品
12. Dhammakathikavaggo
8351. 无明经
1. Avijjāsuttaṃ
8361. 无明经
1. Avijjāsuttaṃ
113舍卫城因缘。尔时,某位比丘来到世尊处……省略……坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,所谓『无明、无明』。尊者,什么是无明?在何种程度上成为无明者?」「比丘,于此,未受教导的凡夫不了知色,不了知色集,不了知色灭,不了知导向色灭之道;不了知受……不了知想……不了知行……省略……不了知导向识灭之道。比丘,这称为无明。在此程度上成为无明者。」第一经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘avijjā avijjā’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, bhante, avijjā, kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, assutavā puthujjano rūpaṃ nappajānāti, rūpasamudayaṃ nappajānāti, rūpanirodhaṃ nappajānāti, rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānāti; vedanaṃ nappajānāti… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre nappajānāti…pe… viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, avijjā. Ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
8382. 明经
2. Vijjāsuttaṃ
8392. 明经
2. Vijjāsuttaṃ
114舍卫城因缘。坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,所谓『明、明』。尊者,什么是明?在何种程度上成为明者?」「比丘,于此,已受教导的圣弟子了知色,了知色集,了知色灭,了知导向色灭之道。了知受……了知想……了知行……省略……了知导向识灭之道。比丘,这称为明。在此程度上成为明者。」第二经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā vijjā’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, bhante, vijjā, kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpaṃ pajānāti, rūpasamudayaṃ pajānāti, rūpanirodhaṃ pajānāti, rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre pajānāti…pe… viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, vijjā. Ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
8413. 说法者经
3. Dhammakathikasuttaṃ
115舍卫城因缘。坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,所谓『说法者、说法者』。尊者,在何种程度上成为说法者?」「比丘,如果为了对色的厌离、离贪、灭而说法,『说法者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果为了对色的厌离、离贪、灭而行道,『法随法行者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果由于对色的厌离、离贪、灭而无取着解脱,『现法涅槃到达者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果为了对受……省略……比丘,如果为了对想……比丘,如果为了对行……比丘,如果为了对识的厌离、离贪、灭而说法,『说法者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果为了对识的厌离、离贪、灭而行道,『法随法行者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果由于对识的厌离、离贪、灭而无取着解脱,『现法涅槃到达者比丘』是适当的称呼。」第三经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘dhammakathiko dhammakathiko’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, dhammakathiko hotī’’ti ? ‘‘Rūpassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya dhammaṃ deseti ‘dhammakathiko bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Rūpassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti, ‘dhammānudhammappaṭipanno bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Rūpassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādāvimutto hoti, ‘diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Vedanāya ce, bhikkhu…pe… saññāya ce, bhikkhu… saṅkhārānaṃ ce, bhikkhu… viññāṇassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, ‘dhammakathiko bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Viññāṇassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti, ‘dhammānudhammappaṭipanno bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Viññāṇassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādāvimutto hoti, ‘diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
8434. 第二说法者经
4. Dutiyadhammakathikasuttaṃ
116舍卫城因缘。坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说:「尊者,所谓『说法者、说法者』。尊者,在何种程度上成为说法者?在何种程度上成为法随法行者?在何种程度上成为现法涅槃到达者?」「比丘,如果为了对色的厌离、离贪、灭而说法,『说法者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果为了对色的厌离、离贪、灭而行道,『法随法行者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果由于对色的厌离、离贪、灭而无取着解脱,『现法涅槃到达者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果为了对受……省略……比丘,如果为了对想……比丘,如果为了对行……比丘,如果为了对识的厌离、离贪、灭而说法,『说法者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果为了对识的厌离、离贪、灭而行道,『法随法行者比丘』是适当的称呼。比丘,如果由于对识的厌离、离贪、灭而无取着解脱,『现法涅槃到达者比丘』是适当的称呼。」第四经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘dhammakathiko dhammakathiko’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, dhammakathiko hoti, kittāvatā dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti, kittāvatā diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto hotī’’ti? ‘‘Rūpassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, ‘dhammakathiko bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Rūpassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti, ‘dhammānudhammappaṭipanno bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Rūpassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādāvimutto hoti, ‘diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Vedanāya ce, bhikkhu…pe… saññāya ce, bhikkhu… saṅkhārānaṃ ce, bhikkhu… viññāṇassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, ‘dhammakathiko bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Viññāṇassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti, ‘dhammānudhammappaṭipanno bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Viññāṇassa ce, bhikkhu, nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādāvimutto hoti, ‘diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
8455. 缚经
5. Bandhanasuttaṃ
8465. 缚经
5. Bandhanasuttaṃ
117舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,于此,未受教导的凡夫不见圣者……省略……未受善人法训练,认为色是我,或认为我拥有色;或认为色在我中,或认为我在色中。诸比丘,这称为未受教导的凡夫被色缚所缚,被内外缚所缚,不见此岸,不见彼岸,被缚而老,被缚而死,被缚而从此世去到他世。认为受是我……省略……或认为我在受中。诸比丘,这称为未受教导的凡夫被受缚所缚,被内外缚所缚,不见此岸,不见彼岸,被缚而老,被缚而死,被缚而从此世去到他世。想……行……认为识是我……省略……诸比丘,这称为未受教导的凡夫被识缚所缚,被内外缚所缚,不见此岸,不见彼岸,被缚而老,被缚而死,被缚而从此世去到他世。」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Idha bhikkhave assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī…pe… sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano rūpabandhanabaddho santarabāhirabandhanabaddho atīradassī apāradassī, baddho jīyati baddho mīyati baddho asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ gacchati. Vedanaṃ attato samanupassati…pe… vedanāya vā attānaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano vedanābandhanabaddho santarabāhirabandhanabaddho atīradassī apāradassī, baddho jīyati baddho mīyati baddho asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ gacchati. Saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati…pe… ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano viññāṇabandhanabaddho santarabāhirabandhanabaddho atīradassī apāradassī, baddho jīyati baddho mīyati baddho asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ gacchati’’.
848「诸比丘,然而,已受教导的圣弟子见圣者……省略……受善人法善训练,不认为色是我,不认为我拥有色;不认为色在我中,不认为我在色中。诸比丘,这称为已受教导的圣弟子不被色缚所缚,不被内外缚所缚,见此岸,见彼岸;我说『他从苦中完全解脱』。不认为受是我……省略……不认为想是我……省略……不认为行是我……省略……不认为识是我……省略……诸比丘,这称为已受教导的圣弟子不被识缚所缚,不被内外缚所缚,见此岸,见彼岸,我说『他从苦中完全解脱』。」第五经。
‘‘Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī…pe… sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako na rūpabandhanabaddho, na santarabāhirabandhanabaddho, tīradassī, pāradassī; ‘parimutto so dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi. Na vedanaṃ attato…pe… na saññaṃ attato…pe… na saṅkhāre attato…pe… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati…pe… ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako na viññāṇabandhanabaddho, na santarabāhirabandhanabaddho, tīradassī, pāradassī, ‘parimutto so dukkhasmā’ti vadāmī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
8496. 遍问经
6. Paripucchitasuttaṃ
118舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,你们认为如何?你们认为色是『这是我的,这是我,这是我的我』吗?」「尊者,不是这样。」「善哉,诸比丘!诸比丘,色应当以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』。你们认为受……想……行……识是『这是我的,这是我,这是我的我』吗?」「尊者,不是这样。」「善哉,诸比丘!诸比丘,识应当以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』……省略……如此见者……省略……他了知『所作已作,不再有此存在』。」第六经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassathā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave! Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassathā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu, bhikkhave! Viññāṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi , na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ…pe… evaṃ passaṃ…pe… kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātīti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
8517. 第二遍问经
7. Dutiyaparipucchitasuttaṃ
119舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,你们怎么想:你们随观色为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』吗?」「是的,尊者。」「善哉,诸比丘!诸比丘,色应当以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』。受……想……诸行……你们随观识为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』吗?」「是的,尊者。」「善哉,诸比丘!诸比丘,识应当以正慧如实见为『这不是我的,这不是我,这不是我的我』……乃至……如此……乃至……他了知『不再有此存在』。」第七经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassathā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu bhikkhave! Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti samanupassathā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sādhu bhikkhave! Viññāṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ…pe… evaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
8538. 结经
8. Saṃyojaniyasuttaṃ
120舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,我将说应被结缚之法与结。你们听。诸比丘,什么是应被结缚之法,什么是结?诸比丘,色是应被结缚之法;在那里的欲贪,那是在那里的结。受……乃至……想……诸行……识是应被结缚之法;在那里的欲贪,那是在那里的结。诸比丘,这些被称为应被结缚之法,这是结。」第八经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Saṃyojaniye ca, bhikkhave, dhamme desessāmī saṃyojanañca. Taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyā dhammā, katamaṃ saṃyojanaṃ? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyo dhammo; yo tattha chandarāgo, taṃ tattha saṃyojanaṃ. Vedanā…pe… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ saṃyojaniyo dhammo; yo tattha chandarāgo, taṃ tattha saṃyojanaṃ. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyā dhammā, idaṃ saṃyojana’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
8559. 取经
9. Upādāniyasuttaṃ
8569. 取经
9. Upādāniyasuttaṃ
121舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,我将说应被执取之法与取。你们听。诸比丘,什么是应被执取之法,什么是取?诸比丘,色是应被执取之法,在那里的欲贪,那是在那里的取。受……乃至……想……诸行……识是应被执取之法;在那里的欲贪,那是在那里的取。诸比丘,这些被称为应被执取之法,这是取。」第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Upādāniye ca, bhikkhave, dhamme desessāmi upādānañca . Taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, upādāniyā dhammā, katamaṃ upādānaṃ? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, upādāniyo dhammo, yo tattha chandarāgo, taṃ tattha upādānaṃ. Vedanā…pe… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ upādāniyo dhammo; yo tattha chandarāgo, taṃ tattha upādānaṃ. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, upādāniyā dhammā, idaṃ upādāna’’nti. Navamaṃ.
85810. 具戒者经
10. Sīlavantasuttaṃ
85910. 具戒者经
10. Sīlavantasuttaṃ
122有一次,尊者舍利弗和尊者摩诃拘絺罗住在波罗奈的仙人堕处鹿野苑。……坐在一边的尊者摩诃拘絺罗对尊者舍利弗这样说:“‘明、明’被称为,朋友舍利弗。朋友,什么是明?到哪种程度是进入了明呢?”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca mahākoṭṭhiko bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami…pe… etadavoca – ‘‘sīlavatāvuso, sāriputta, bhikkhunā katame dhammā yoniso manasikātabbā’’ti? ‘‘Sīlavatāvuso, koṭṭhika, bhikkhunā pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Sīlavatāvuso, koṭṭhika, bhikkhunā ime pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ sīlavā bhikkhu ime pañcupādānakkhandhe aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi karonto sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikareyyā’’ti.
861“那么,朋友舍利弗,一位已证入流的比丘应如理作意哪些法呢?”“朋友拘稀罗,一位已证入流的比丘,同样应将这五取蕴作意爲无常……乃至……无我。朋友,这样的情况是存在的:那位入流比丘,如此如理作意这五取蕴爲无常……乃至……无我,便会证得一来果。”
‘‘Sotāpannena panāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā katame dhammā yoniso manasi kātabbā’’ti? ‘‘Sotāpannenapi kho, āvuso koṭṭhika, bhikkhunā ime pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ sotāpanno bhikkhu ime pañcupādānakkhandhe aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi karonto sakadāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikareyyā’’ti.
862“那么,朋友舍利弗,一位已证一来的比丘应如理作意哪些法呢?”“朋友拘稀罗,一位已证一来的比丘,同样应将这五取蕴作意爲无常……乃至……无我。朋友,这样的情况是存在的:那位一来比丘,如此如理作意这五取蕴爲无常……乃至……无我,便会证得不还果。”
‘‘Sakadāgāminā panāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā katame dhammā yoniso manasi kātabbā’’ti? ‘‘Sakadāgāmināpi kho, āvuso koṭṭhika, bhikkhunā ime pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ sakadāgāmī bhikkhu ime pañcupādānakkhandhe aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi karonto anāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikareyyā’’ti.
863“那么,朋友舍利弗,一位已证不还的比丘应如理作意哪些法呢?”“朋友拘稀罗,一位已证不还的比丘,同样应将这五取蕴作意爲无常……乃至……无我。朋友,这样的情况是存在的:那位不还比丘,如此如理作意这五取蕴爲无常……乃至……无我,便会证得阿拉汉果。”
‘‘Anāgāminā panāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā katame dhammā yoniso manasi kātabbā’’ti? ‘‘Anāgāmināpi kho, āvuso koṭṭhika, bhikkhunā ime pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, āvuso, vijjati yaṃ anāgāmī bhikkhu ime pañcupādānakkhandhe aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi karonto arahattaṃ sacchikareyyā’’ti.
864“那么,朋友舍利弗,一位阿拉汉应如理作意哪些法呢?”“朋友拘稀罗,一位阿拉汉同样应将这五取蕴作意爲:无常、苦、病、痈、箭、祸、疾、异、坏、空、无我。朋友,对阿拉汉而言,并没有更高需要做的,或需要对已做的再增添什么;然而,这些法若被修习、多修习,会导向现法乐住,以及正念正知。”第十经。
‘‘Arahatā panāvuso sāriputta, katame dhammā yoniso manasi kātabbā’’ti? ‘‘Arahatāpi kho, āvuso koṭṭhika, ime pañcupādānakkhandhe aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Natthi, khvāvuso, arahato uttari karaṇīyaṃ katassa vā paticayo ; api ca ime dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārā ceva saṃvattanti satisampajaññā cā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
86511. 多闻者经
11. Sutavantasuttaṃ
86611. 多闻者经
11. Sutavantasuttaṃ
123一时,具寿舍利弗与具寿玛哈勾提咖住在波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑。那时,具寿玛哈勾提咖于傍晚时从独坐中起,去到具寿舍利弗处;到了之后……说此:——
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca mahākoṭṭhiko bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe… etadavoca –
868「贤友舍利弗,多闻比丘应如理作意哪些法?」「贤友果提咖,多闻比丘应为无常……为无我如理作意五取蕴。哪五种?即:色取蕴……识取蕴。贤友果提咖,多闻比丘应为无常……为无我如理作意此五取蕴。贤友,此处确实可能——多闻比丘为无常……为无我如理作意此五取蕴,能现证入流果。」
‘‘Sutavatāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā katame dhammā yoniso manasi kātabbā’’ti? ‘‘Sutavatāvuso koṭṭhika, bhikkhunā pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Katame pañca? Seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Sutavatāvuso koṭṭhika, bhikkhunā ime pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, āvuso, vijjati – yaṃ sutavā bhikkhu ime pañcupādānakkhandhe aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi karonto sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikareyyā’’ti.
869「贤友舍利弗,入流者比丘应如理作意哪些法?」「贤友果提咖,入流者比丘也应从无常……从无我如理作意此五取蕴。贤友,此处确实可能——入流者比丘从无常……从无我如理作意此五取蕴,能现证一来果……不来果……阿拉汉果。」
‘‘Sotāpannena panāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā katame dhammā yoniso manasi kātabbā’’ti? ‘‘Sotāpannenapi kho āvuso koṭṭhika , bhikkhunā ime pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, āvuso, vijjati – yaṃ sotāpanno bhikkhu ime pañcupādānakkhandhe aniccato…pe… anattato yoniso manasi karonto sakadāgāmiphalaṃ…pe… anāgāmiphalaṃ…pe… arahattaphalaṃ sacchikareyyā’’ti.
870「贤友舍利弗,阿拉汉应如理作意哪些法?」「贤友憍底迦,阿拉汉也应为无常、为苦、为病、为疮、为刺、为痛、为疾、为他、为坏、为空、为无我如理作意此五取蕴。贤友,阿拉汉没有更应作的,对已作的也无增益;然而,此诸法被修习、被多修习,确实导向现法乐住以及正念正知。」第十一
‘‘Arahatā panāvuso sāriputta, katame dhammā yoniso manasi kātabbā’’ti? ‘‘Arahatāpi khvāvuso, koṭṭhika, ime pañcupādānakkhandhā aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato yoniso manasi kātabbā. Natthi, khvāvuso, arahato uttari karaṇīyaṃ, katassa vā paticayo; api ca kho ime dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya ceva saṃvattanti satisampajaññā cā’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.
87112. 劫经
12. Kappasuttaṃ
87212. 劫经
12. Kappasuttaṃ
124舍卫城因缘。那时,具寿咖巴去到世尊处……坐于一面的具寿咖巴对世尊说此:——「尊者,如何知、如何见,于此有识之身与外一切诸相,我作、我所作、慢随眠不存在?」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho āyasmā kappo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā kappo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti?
874「咖巴,凡任何色,过去、未来、现在,内或外,粗或细,劣或胜,远或近,一切色『此非我所,此非我是,此非我之我』,以正慧如实见此。凡任何受……凡任何想……凡任何诸行……凡任何识,过去、未来、现在,内或外,粗或细,劣或胜,远或近,一切识『此非我所,此非我是,此非我之我』,以正慧如实见此。咖巴,如此知、如此见,于此有识之身与外一切诸相,我作、我所作、慢随眠不存在。」第十二
‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, kappa, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Yā kāci vedanā…pe… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Evaṃ kho, kappa, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti. Dvādasamaṃ.
87513. 第二劫经
13. Dutiyakappasuttaṃ
125舍卫城因缘。坐于一面的具寿咖巴对世尊说此:——「尊者,如何知、如何见,于此有识之身与外一切诸相,心离我作、我所作、慢,超越戏论,寂静、善解脱?」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā kappo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagataṃ mānasaṃ hoti vidhā samatikkantaṃ santaṃ suvimutta’’nti?
877「咖巴,凡任何色,过去、未来、现在……一切色『此非我所,此非我是,此非我之我』,以正慧如实见此,以不取而解脱。凡任何受……凡任何想……凡任何诸行……凡任何识,过去、未来、现在,内或外,粗或细,劣或胜,远或近,一切识『此非我所,此非我是,此非我之我』,以正慧如实见此,以不取而解脱。咖巴,如此知、如此见,于此有识之身与外一切诸相,心离我作、我所作、慢,超越戏论,寂静、善解脱。」第十三
‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, kappa, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anupādāvimutto hoti. Yā kāci vedanā… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anupādāvimutto hoti. Evaṃ kho, kappa, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagataṃ mānasaṃ hoti vidhā samatikkantaṃ santaṃ suvimutta’’nti. Terasamaṃ.
878说法者品第十二
Dhammakathikavaggo dvādasamo.
879其摄颂──
Tassuddānaṃ –
880其摄颂──
Tassuddānaṃ –
881无明、明、两位说法者,结缚与遍问,有两篇;
Avijjā vijjā dve kathikā, bandhanā paripucchitā duve;
882结、取,戒与多闻,还有两篇,都与咖巴有关。
Saṃyojanaṃ upādānaṃ, sīlaṃ sutavā dve ca kappenāti.
88313. 无明品
13. Avijjāvaggo
88413. 无明品
13. Avijjāvaggo
8851. 集法经
1. Samudayadhammasuttaṃ
126舍卫城因缘。时,有一位比丘来到世尊处;来到后……乃至……坐于一旁的那位比丘对世尊如此说──「尊者,所谓『无明、无明』。尊者,什么是无明?在什么程度上成为具无明者?」
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘avijjā avijjā’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, bhante, avijjā, kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti?
887比丘,这里,无闻的凡夫不如实了知:色是集起法,他就那样‘色是集起法’不如实了知;色是灭法,‘色是灭法’不如实了知;色是集灭法,‘色是集灭法’不如实了知。受是集起法,‘受是集起法’不如实了知;受是灭法,‘受是灭法’不如实了知;受是集灭法,‘受是集灭法’不如实了知。想是集起法……行是集起法,‘行是集起法’不如实了知;行是灭法,‘行是灭法’不如实了知;行是集灭法,‘行是集灭法’不如实了知。识是集起法,‘识是集起法’不如实了知;识是灭法,‘识是灭法’不如实了知;识是集灭法,‘识是集灭法’不如实了知。比丘,这就叫做无明,到这种程度就是进入了无明。
‘‘Idha , bhikkhu, assutavā puthujjano samudayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘samudayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti ; vayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘vayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; samudayavayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ ‘samudayadhammā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; vayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ ‘vayadhammā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; samudayavayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ saññaṃ…pe… samudayadhamme saṅkhāre ‘samudayadhammā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; vayadhamme saṅkhāre ‘vayadhammā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; samudayavayadhamme saṅkhāre ‘samudayavayadhammā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘samudayadhammaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; vayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘vayadhammaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; samudayavayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti.
888说了这些之后,那位比丘对世尊这样说:“尊者,‘明、明’被称为。尊者,什么是明?到哪种程度是进入了明呢?”
Evaṃ vutte, so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā vijjā’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, bhante, vijjā, kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti?
889“比丘,这里,多闻的圣弟子如实了知:色是集起法,他就那样‘色是集起法’如实了知;色是灭法,‘色是灭法’如实了知;色是集灭法,‘色是集灭法’如实了知。受是集起法,‘受是集起法’如实了知;受是灭法,‘受是灭法’如实了知;受是集灭法,‘受是集灭法’如实了知。想是集起法……行是集起法,‘行是集起法’如实了知;行是灭法,‘行是灭法’如实了知;行是集灭法,‘行是集灭法’如实了知。识是集起法,‘识是集起法’如实了知;识是灭法,‘识是灭法’如实了知;识是集灭法,‘识是集灭法’如实了知。比丘,这就叫做明,到这种程度就是进入了明。” 第一经。
‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako samudayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘samudayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; vayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘vayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti ; samudayavayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ ‘samudayadhammā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; vayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ ‘vayadhammā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; samudayavayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ saññaṃ… samudayadhamme saṅkhāre ‘samudayadhammā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; vayadhamme saṅkhāre ‘vayadhammā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; samudayavayadhamme saṅkhāre ‘samudayavayadhammā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘samudayadhammaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; vayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘vayadhammaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; samudayavayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
8902. 第二集法经
2. Dutiyasamudayadhammasuttaṃ
127一时,具寿舍利弗与具寿马哈勾帝答住在波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑。那时,具寿马哈勾帝答在傍晚时从独坐中起来……坐在一旁的具寿马哈勾帝答对具寿舍利弗这样说——「贤友舍利弗,所谓『无明,无明』。贤友,什么是无明?在什么程度上成为具无明者?」
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca mahākoṭṭhiko bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘avijjā, avijjā’ti, āvuso sāriputta, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, avijjā, kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti?
892“朋友,这里,无闻的凡夫不如实了知:色是集起法,‘色是集起法’不如实了知;色是灭法……‘色是集灭法’不如实了知。受是集起法……受是灭法……‘受是集灭法’不如实了知。想是集起法……行是集起法……行是灭法……‘行是集灭法’不如实了知。识是集起法……‘识是集灭法’不如实了知。朋友,这就叫做无明,到这种程度就是进入了无明。” 第二经。
‘‘Idhāvuso assutavā puthujjano samudayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘samudayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; vayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ…pe… ‘samudayavayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ…pe… vayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ…pe… ‘samudayavayadhammā vedanā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ saññaṃ…pe… samudayadhamme saṅkhāre…pe… vayadhamme saṅkhāre…pe… samudayavayadhamme saṅkhāre ‘samudayavayadhammā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ…pe… samudayavayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, āvuso, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
8933. 第三集法经
3. Tatiyasamudayadhammasuttaṃ
128一时,具寿舍利弗与具寿马哈勾帝答住在波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑……坐在一旁的具寿马哈勾帝答对具寿舍利弗这样说——「贤友舍利弗,所谓『明,明』。贤友,什么是明?在什么程度上成为具明者?」
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca mahākoṭṭhiko bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā, vijjā’ti, āvuso sāriputta, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, vijjā, kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti?
895朋友,在这里,多闻的圣弟子对“色是集起法”如实了知为“色是集起法”;对“色是灭法”……对“色是集灭法”如实了知为“色是集灭法”;对“受是集起法”……对“受是集灭法”……对“想是集起法”……对“行是集起法”、“行是灭法”、“行是集灭法”如实了知为“行是集灭法”;对“识是集起法”、“识是灭法”、“识是集灭法”如实了知为“识是集灭法”。朋友,这就称为明;到了这个程度,就是具有明的人。第三经。
‘‘Idhāvuso, sutavā ariyasāvako samudayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘samudayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; vayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ…pe… samudayavayadhammaṃ rūpaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; samudayadhammaṃ vedanaṃ…pe… samudayavayadhammā vedanā … samudayadhammaṃ saññaṃ…pe… samudayadhamme saṅkhāre… vayadhamme saṅkhāre… samudayavayadhamme saṅkhāre ‘samudayavayadhammā saṅkhārā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Samudayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ… vayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ… samudayavayadhammaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘samudayavayadhammaṃ viññāṇa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
8964. 味经
4. Assādasuttaṃ
8974. 味经
4. Assādasuttaṃ
129“在波罗奈的仙人堕处鹿野苑…… 在一旁坐下后,尊者大拘絺罗对尊者舍利弗这样说:‘朋友舍利弗,人们说“明、明”,朋友,什么是明?怎样算是进入了明呢?’”
Bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘avijjā, avijjā’ti, āvuso sāriputta, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, avijjā, kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti?
899“朋友,在这里,无闻的凡夫对于色的乐味、过患、出离不如实了知;对于受……对于想……对于行……对于识的乐味、过患、出离不如实了知。朋友,这就称为无明;到了这个程度,就是陷于无明的人。” 第四经。
‘‘Idhāvuso assutavā puthujjano rūpassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
9005. 第二味经
5. Dutiyaassādasuttaṃ
130在波罗奈仙人堕处的鹿野苑…… “朋友舍利弗,人们说‘明,明’。到底什么是明?到什么程度算是具有明的人?”
Bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye…pe… ‘‘‘vijjā, vijjā’ti, āvuso sāriputta, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, vijjā, kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti?
902“朋友,在这里,多闻的圣弟子对于色的乐味、过患、出离如实了知;对于受……对于想……对于行……对于识的乐味、过患、出离如实了知。朋友,这就称为明;到了这个程度,就是具有明的人。” 第五经。
‘‘Idhāvuso, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
9036. 集经
6. Samudayasuttaṃ
9046. 集经
6. Samudayasuttaṃ
131在波罗奈仙人堕处的鹿野苑…… “朋友舍利弗,人们说‘无明,无明’。到底什么是无明?到什么程度算是陷于无明的人?”
Bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye…pe… ‘‘‘avijjā, avijjā’ti, āvuso sāriputta, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, avijjā, kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti?
906“朋友,在这里,未受教导的凡夫不如实了知色的集起、灭去、味、过患和出离;不如实了知受……想……行……识的集起、灭去、味、过患和出离。朋友,这就称为无明,这样就是进入了无明。”第六。
‘‘Idhāvuso, assutavā puthujjano rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
9077. 第二集经
7. Dutiyasamudayasuttaṃ
132住在波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑……坐于一旁的具寿马哈勾帝答对具寿舍利弗这样说:「贤友舍利弗,人们说『明、明』。贤友,什么是明?在什么程度上成为具明者?」
Bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā, vijjā’ti, āvuso sāriputta, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, vijjā, kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti?
909“朋友,在这里,已受教导的圣弟子如实了知色的集起、灭去、味、过患和出离;如实了知受……想……行……识的集起、灭去、味、过患和出离。朋友,这就称为明,这样就是进入了明。”第七。
‘‘Idhāvuso, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
9108. 果提咖经
8. Koṭṭhikasuttaṃ
9118. 果提咖经
8. Koṭṭhikasuttaṃ
133“在波罗奈的仙人堕处鹿野苑。那时,尊者舍利弗在傍晚时分…… 在一旁坐下后,尊者舍利弗对尊者大拘絺罗这样说:‘朋友拘絺罗,人们说“无明、无明”,朋友,什么是无明?怎样算是进入了无明呢?’”
Bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākoṭṭhikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘avijjā, avijjā’ti, āvuso koṭṭhika, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, avijjā, kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti?
913“朋友,在这里,未受教导的凡夫不如实了知色的味、过患和出离;不如实了知受……想……行……识的味、过患和出离。朋友,这就称为无明,这样就是进入了无明。”
‘‘Idhāvuso, assutavā puthujjano rūpassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti.
914“听了这话,尊者舍利弗对尊者大拘絺罗这样说:‘朋友拘絺罗,人们说“明、明”,朋友,什么是明?怎样算是进入了明呢?’”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākoṭṭhikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā, vijjā’ti, āvuso koṭṭhika, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, vijjā, kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti?
915贤友,在此,多闻的圣弟子对色的滋味、过患与出离如实了知;对受……(中略)……对想……对行……对识的滋味、过患与出离如实了知。贤友,这就叫做‘明’,达到这个地步,就是到了明的境界。
‘‘Idhāvuso sutavā ariyasāvako rūpassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9169. 第二果提咖经
9. Dutiyakoṭṭhikasuttaṃ
134住在波罗奈仙人堕处鹿野苑……「贤友果提咖,人们说『无明、无明』。贤友,什么是无明?在何种程度上成为具无明者?」
Bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye…pe… ‘‘‘avijjā, avijjā’ti, āvuso koṭṭhika, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, avijjā, kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti?
918「贤友,于此,未受教导的凡夫没真正了知色的集起、灭没、味、患、离。没真正了知受的……想的……诸行的……识的集起、灭没、味、患、离。贤友,这称为无明;在此程度上成为具无明者。」
‘‘Idhāvuso, assutavā puthujjano rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti.
919如是说已,具寿舍利弗对具寿摩诃果提咖如是说:「贤友果提咖,人们说『明、明』。贤友,什么是明?在何种程度上成为具明者?」
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākoṭṭhikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā, vijjā’ti, āvuso koṭṭhika, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, vijjā, kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti?
920「贤友,于此,已受教导的圣弟子如实了知色的集起、灭没、味、患、离。如实了知受的……想的……诸行的……识的集起、灭没、味、患、离。贤友,这称为明;在此程度上成为具明者。」第九经。
‘‘Idhāvuso, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
92110. 第三大拘絺罗经
10. Tatiyakoṭṭhikasuttaṃ
135背景是一样的。舍利弗尊者坐在一边后,对摩诃拘希罗尊者说:“贤友拘希罗,人们常说‘无明、无明’。贤友,到底什么是无明?要到什么程度才算到了无明的境界呢?”
Taññeva nidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākoṭṭhikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘avijjā, avijjā’ti, āvuso koṭṭhika, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, avijjā, kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti?
923「贤友,于此,未受教导的凡夫不了知色,不了知色集,不了知色灭,不了知导向色灭之道。不了知受……想……诸行……不了知识,不了知识集,不了知识灭,不了知导向识灭之道。贤友,这称为无明;在此程度上成为具无明者。」
‘‘Idhāvuso, assutavā puthujjano rūpaṃ nappajānāti, rūpasamudayaṃ nappajānāti, rūpanirodhaṃ nappajānāti, rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānāti. Vedanaṃ nappajānāti…pe… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ nappajānāti, viññāṇasamudayaṃ nappajānāti, viññāṇanirodhaṃ nappajānāti, viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti.
924如是说已,具寿舍利弗对具寿摩诃大拘絺罗如是说:「贤友大拘絺罗,人们说『明、明』。贤友,什么是明?在何种程度上成为具明者?」「贤友,于此,已受教导的圣弟子了知色,了知色集,了知色灭,了知导向色灭之道。了知受……想……诸行……了知识,了知识集,了知识灭,了知导向识灭之道。贤友,这称为明;在此程度上成为具明者。」第十经。
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākoṭṭhikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā, vijjā’ti, āvuso koṭṭhika, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, āvuso, vijjā, kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpaṃ pajānāti, rūpasamudayaṃ pajānāti, rūpanirodhaṃ pajānāti, rūpanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti. Vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ pajānāti, viññāṇasamudayaṃ pajānāti, viññāṇanirodhaṃ pajānāti , viññāṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
925无明品第十三
Avijjāvaggo terasamo.
926其摄颂──
Tassuddānaṃ –
927其摄颂──
Tassuddānaṃ –
928集法有三,味另有二;
Samudayadhamme tīṇi, assādo apare duve;
929然后又说了两经集起,随后是大俱希罗的三部经。
Samudaye ca dve vuttā, koṭṭhike apare tayoti.
93014. 炭火品
14. Kukkuḷavaggo
9311. 火聚经
1. Kukkuḷasuttaṃ
93214. 炭火品
14. Kukkuḷavaggo
9331. 火聚经
1. Kukkuḷasuttaṃ
136舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,色是炭火,受是炭火,想是炭火,行是炭火,识是炭火。诸比丘,如此见者,有闻的圣弟子于色亦厌离,于受亦厌离,于想亦厌离,于行亦厌离,于识亦厌离。厌离者离染;由离染而解脱。于解脱中有『已解脱』之智。他了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,再无后有。』」第一经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, kukkuḷaṃ, vedanā kukkuḷā, saññā kukkuḷā, saṅkhārā kukkuḷā, viññāṇaṃ kukkuḷaṃ. Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
9352. 无常经
2. Aniccasuttaṃ
9362. 无常经
2. Aniccasuttaṃ
137这是源于舍卫城的。"比丘们,凡是无常的,在那里,你们应当断除欲贪。比丘们,什么是无常的呢?比丘们,色是无常的,在那里,你们应当断除欲贪。受是无常的……想……行……识是无常的,在那里,你们应当断除欲贪。比丘们,凡是无常的,在那里,你们应当断除欲贪。"第四。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ; tatra vo chando pahātabbo. Kiñca, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ? Rūpaṃ , bhikkhave, aniccaṃ; tatra vo chando pahātabbo. Vedanā aniccā…pe… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ; tatra vo chando pahātabbo. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ; tatra vo chando pahātabbo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
9383. 第二无常经
3. Dutiyaaniccasuttaṃ
138这是源于舍卫城的。"比丘们,凡是无常的,在那里,你们应当断除贪染。比丘们,什么是无常的呢?比丘们,色是无常的,在那里,你们应当断除贪染。受是无常的……想……行……识是无常的,在那里,你们应当断除贪染。比丘们,凡是无常的,在那里,你们应当断除贪染。"第三。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo. Kiñca, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo. Vedanā aniccā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
9404. 第三无常经
4. Tatiyaaniccasuttaṃ
139舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,凡是无常者,于彼你们应舍断欲贪。诸比丘,什么是无常?诸比丘,色是无常,于彼你们应舍断欲贪。受是无常……想……行……识是无常,于彼你们应舍断欲贪。诸比丘,凡是无常者,于彼你们应舍断欲贪。」第四经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo . Kiñca, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ, tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo. Vedanā aniccā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
9425. 苦经
5. Dukkhasuttaṃ
9435. 苦经
5. Dukkhasuttaṃ
140在舍卫城。 “比丘们,凡是苦的,你们应断除对它的欲贪。……比丘们,凡是苦的,你们应断除对它的欲贪。” 第七经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ; tatra vo chando pahātabbo…pe… yaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ; tatra vo chando pahātabbo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
9456. 第二苦经
6. Dutiyadukkhasuttaṃ
141舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!凡是苦者,于彼你们应舍断贪……诸比丘!凡是苦者,于彼你们应舍断贪。」第六经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo…pe… yaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
9477. 第三苦经
7. Tatiyadukkhasuttaṃ
142舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!凡是苦者,于彼你们应舍断欲贪……诸比丘!凡是苦者,于彼你们应舍断欲贪。」第七经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo…pe… yaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
9498. 无我经
8. Anattasuttaṃ
9508. 无我经
8. Anattasuttaṃ
143在舍卫城。 “比丘们,凡是无我的,你们应断除对它的贪。比丘们,什么是无我的?比丘们,色是无我的,你们应断除对它的贪。受是无我的……想……行……识是无我的,你们应断除对它的贪。比丘们,凡是无我的,你们应断除对它的贪。” 第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo chando pahātabbo. Ko ca, bhikkhave, anattā? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo chando pahātabbo. Vedanā anattā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā; tatra vo chando pahātabbo. Yo, bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo chando pahātabbo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9529. 第二无我经
9. Dutiyaanattasuttaṃ
144舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!凡是无我者,于此你们应断贪。诸比丘!什么是无我?诸比丘!色是无我,于此你们应断贪。受是无我……想……行……识是无我,于此你们应断贪。诸比丘!凡是无我者,于此你们应断贪。」第九。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo . Ko ca, bhikkhave, anattā? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo. Vedanā anattā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo. Yo, bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo rāgo pahātabbo’’ti. Navamaṃ.
95410. 第三无我经
10. Tatiyaanattasuttaṃ
145在舍卫城。 “比丘们,凡是无我的,你们应断除对它的欲贪。比丘们,什么是无我的?比丘们,色是无我的,你们应断除对它的欲贪。受是无我的……想……行……识是无我的,你们应断除对它的欲贪。比丘们,凡是无我的,你们应断除对它的欲贪。” 第十经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo. Ko ca, bhikkhave, anattā? Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo. Vedanā anattā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ anattā; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo. Yo , bhikkhave, anattā; tatra vo chandarāgo pahātabbo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
95611. 多厌离经
11. Nibbidābahulasuttaṃ
146在舍卫城。 “比丘们,出于信心而出家的善男子,他的随法应当是这样:对色多住于厌离。对受……想……行……识多住于厌离。对色多住于厌离,对受……想……行……识多住于厌离的他,遍知色,遍知受,遍知想,遍知行,遍知识。遍知色的他,遍知受的他,遍知想的他,遍知行的他,遍知识的他,从色解脱,从受解脱,从想解脱,从行解脱,从识解脱,从生、老、死,从愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱;我说:他从苦解脱。” 第十一经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Saddhāpabbajitassa, bhikkhave, kulaputtassa ayamanudhammo hoti – yaṃ rūpe nibbidābahulo vihareyya. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe nibbidābahulo vihareyya. Yo rūpe nibbidābahulo viharanto, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe nibbidābahulo viharanto rūpaṃ parijānāti, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ parijānāti; so rūpaṃ parijānaṃ vedanaṃ parijānaṃ saññaṃ parijānaṃ saṅkhāre parijānaṃ viññāṇaṃ parijānaṃ parimuccati rūpamhā, parimuccati vedanāya, parimuccati saññāya, parimuccati saṅkhārehi, parimuccati viññāṇamhā, parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi; ‘parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmī’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.
95812. 随观无常经
12. Aniccānupassīsuttaṃ
147舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!对于以信出家的善男子,这是随法:他应随观色为无常而住。对受……对想……对诸行……应随观识为无常而住……我说:『他从苦解脱。』」第十二。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Saddhāpabbajitassa, bhikkhave, kulaputtassa ayamanudhammo hoti – yaṃ rūpe aniccānupassī vihareyya. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe aniccānupassī vihareyya…pe… ‘parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmī’’ti. Dvādasamaṃ.
96013. 随观苦经
13. Dukkhānupassīsuttaṃ
148起源于沙瓦提。 “比丘们,出于信心而出家的善家子,有这随顺法——应在色上持续观察苦而住。应在受上……应在想上……应在行上……应在识上持续观察苦而住。……我说:‘他从苦解脱。’” 第十三。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Saddhāpabbajitassa, bhikkhave, kulaputtassa ayamanudhammo hoti – yaṃ rūpe dukkhānupassī vihareyya. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe dukkhānupassī vihareyya…pe… ‘parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmī’’ti. Terasamaṃ.
96214. 随观无我经
14. Anattānupassīsuttaṃ
149舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!对于因信出家的善男子,这是随法——他应当住于随观色为无我。住于随观受……想……行……识为无我。住于随观色为无我,住于随观受……想……行……识为无我,他遍知色,遍知受……想……行……识。遍知色、遍知受、遍知想、遍知行、遍知识,他从色解脱,从受解脱,从想解脱,从行解脱,从识解脱,从生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼解脱;我说:『他从苦解脱。』」第十四经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Saddhāpabbajitassa, bhikkhave, kulaputtassa ayamanudhammo hoti – yaṃ rūpe anattānupassī vihareyya. Vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe anattānupassī vihareyya. (So rūpe) anattānupassī viharanto, vedanāya… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe anattānupassī viharanto rūpaṃ parijānāti, vedanaṃ…pe… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ parijānāti. So rūpaṃ parijānaṃ vedanaṃ parijānaṃ saññaṃ parijānaṃ saṅkhāre parijānaṃ viññāṇaṃ parijānaṃ parimuccati rūpamhā, parimuccati vedanāya, parimuccati saññāya, parimuccati saṅkhārehi, parimuccati viññāṇamhā , parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi; ‘parimuccati dukkhasmā’ti vadāmī’’ti. Cuddasamaṃ.
964火聚品第十四
Kukkuḷavaggo cuddasamo.
965其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
966其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
967火聚三以无常,以苦另三经;以无我说三经,善男子二经。
Kukkuḷā tayo aniccena, dukkhena apare tayo;
968无我说了三种,善男子说了两种恶作。
Anattena tayo vuttā, kulaputtena dve dukāti.
96915. 见品
15. Diṭṭhivaggo
9701. 自身经
1. Ajjhattasuttaṃ
97115. 见品
15. Diṭṭhivaggo
9721. 自身经
1. Ajjhattasuttaṃ
150事情发生在舍卫城。“比丘们,当有什么存在,执取什么,固执于什么时,会生起结、执著、系缚、取著呢?”“大德,我们的法是以世尊为根的……”“比丘们,当有色存在,执取色,固执于色时,会生起结、执著、系缚、取著。当有受存在……当有想存在……当有行存在……当有识存在,执取识,固执于识时,会生起结、执著、系缚、取著。比丘们,你们怎么看?色是常的还是无常的?”“无常的,大德。”“那么,无常的……是否可能不执取它而生起结、执著、系缚、取著呢?”“这不可能,大德。”……比丘们,这样观察……他证知:‘不再有未来的轮回了。’”第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkha’’nti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… ‘‘rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati rūpaṃ upādāya uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Vedanāya sati…pe… saññāya sati… saṅkhāresu sati… viññāṇe sati viññāṇaṃ upādāya uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya uppajjeyya ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkha’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā…pe… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya uppajjeyya ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkha’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
9742. 此是我所经
2. Etaṃmamasuttaṃ
9752. 此是我所经
2. Etaṃmamasuttaṃ
151事情发生在舍卫城。“比丘们,当有什么存在,执取什么,固执于什么时,会生起结、执著、系缚呢?”“大德,我们的法是以世尊为根的……”“比丘们,当有色存在,执取色,固执于色时,会生起结、执著、系缚。当有受存在……当有想存在……当有行存在……当有识存在,执取识,固执于识时,会生起结、执著、系缚。比丘们,你们怎么看?色是常的还是无常的?”“无常的,大德。”“那么,无常的……是否可能不执取它而生起结、执著、系缚呢?”“这不可能,大德。”……比丘们,这样观察……他证知:‘不再有未来的轮回了。’”第八经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya, kiṃ abhinivissa – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassatī’’ti ? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… ‘‘rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati, rūpaṃ upādāya, rūpaṃ abhinivissa …pe… viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ upādāya, viññāṇaṃ abhinivissa – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti samanupassati. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attāti samanupasseyyāti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ bhante’’…pe… vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attāti samanupasseyyāti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ..pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
9773. 我是彼经
3. Soattāsuttaṃ
9783. 我是彼经
3. Soattāsuttaṃ
152舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘!缘于什么存在,执取什么,执着什么,这样的见生起——『那是我,那是世间,死后我将成为常、恒、永恒、不变易法』?」「尊者!我们的诸法以尊者为根本……」「诸比丘!缘于色存在,执取色,执着色,这样的见生起——『那是我,那是世间,死后我将成为常、恒、永恒、不变易法。』缘于受……缘于想……缘于行……缘于识存在,执取识,执着识,这样的见生起——『那是我,那是世间,死后我将成为常、恒、永恒、不变易法。』
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya, kiṃ abhinivissa evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjati – ‘so attā, so loko, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo’’’ti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe…. ‘‘Rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati, rūpaṃ upādāya, rūpaṃ abhinivissa evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjati – ‘so attā, so loko, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo’ti. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu …pe… viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ upādāya, viññāṇaṃ abhinivissa evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjati – ‘so attā, so loko, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo’’’ti.
980「诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「是苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,不执取它,会生起这样的见吗——『那是我,那是世间,我死后将成为常、恒、永恒、不变易法』?」「不会这样,尊者。」「受……想……行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「是苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,不执取它,会生起这样的见吗——『那是我,那是世间,我死后将成为常、恒、永恒、不变易法』?」「不会这样,尊者。」如此见者……了知……不再有此处的状态。第三经。
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjeyya – ‘so attā, so loko, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjeyya – ‘so attā so loko, so pecca bhavissāmi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātīti. Tatiyaṃ.
9814. 愿我非有经
4. Nocamesiyāsuttaṃ
9824. 愿我非有经
4. Nocamesiyāsuttaṃ
153舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,当有什么时,执取什么,执着什么,会生起这样的见——『我将不会有,我将不会有,我将不存在,我将不会有』?」「尊者,我们的诸法以尊者为根本……」「诸比丘,当有色时,执取色,执着色,会生起这样的见——『我将不会有,我将不会有,我将不存在,我将不会有』。当有受时……当有想时……当有诸行时……当有识时,执取识,执着识,会生起这样的见——『我将不会有,我将不会有,我将不存在,我将不会有』。诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「是苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,不执取它,会生起这样的见吗——『我将不会有,我将不会有,我将不存在,我将不会有』?」「不会这样,尊者。」「受……想……行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「是苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,不执取它,会生起这样的见吗——『我将不会有,我将不会有,我将不存在,我将不会有』?」「不会这样,尊者。」「如此见者……了知……不再有此处的状态。」第四经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya, kiṃ abhinivissa evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjati – ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’’’ti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… ‘‘rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati, rūpaṃ upādāya, rūpaṃ abhinivissa evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjati – ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’ti. Vedanāya sati… saññāya sati… saṅkhāresu sati… viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ upādāya, viññāṇaṃ abhinivissa, evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjati – ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjeyya – ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjeyya – ‘no cassaṃ, no ca me siyā, nābhavissa, na me bhavissatī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
9845. 邪见经
5. Micchādiṭṭhisuttaṃ
154舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,当有什么时,执取什么,执着什么,会生起邪见?」「尊者,我们的诸法以尊者为根本……」「诸比丘,当有色时,执取色,执着色,会生起邪见。当有受时……会生起邪见。当有想时……当有诸行时……当有识时,执取识,执着识,会生起邪见。诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者……不执取它,会生起邪见吗?」「不会这样,尊者。」「受……想……行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者,是苦还是乐?」「是苦,尊者。」「凡无常、苦、变易法者,不执取它,会生起邪见吗?」「不会这样,尊者。」「如此见者……了知……不再有此处的状态。」第五经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya, kiṃ abhinivissa micchādiṭṭhi uppajjatī’’ti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… ‘‘rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati, rūpaṃ upādāya, rūpaṃ abhinivissa micchādiṭṭhi uppajjati. Vedanāya sati… micchādiṭṭhi uppajjati. Saññāya sati… saṅkhāresu sati… viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ upādāya, viññāṇaṃ abhinivissa micchādiṭṭhi uppajjati. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ , bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ…pe… api nu taṃ anupādāya micchādiṭṭhi uppajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, api nu taṃ anupādāya micchādiṭṭhi uppajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti.‘Pañcamaṃ.
9866. 有身见经
6. Sakkāyadiṭṭhisuttaṃ
155舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,当有什么时,执取什么,执着什么,会生起有身见?」「尊者,我们的诸法以尊者为根本……」「诸比丘,当有色时,执取色,执着色,会生起有身见。当有受时……当有想时……当有诸行时……当有识时,执取识,执着识,会生起有身见。诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者……不执取它,会生起有身见吗?」「不会这样,尊者。」「受……想……行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者……不执取它,会生起有身见吗?」「不会这样,尊者。」「如此见者……了知……不再有此处的状态。」第六经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya, kiṃ abhinivissa sakkāyadiṭṭhi uppajjatī’’ti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… ‘‘rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati, rūpaṃ upādāya, rūpaṃ abhinivissa sakkāyadiṭṭhi uppajjati. Vedanāya sati… saññāya sati… saṅkhāresu sati… viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ upādāya, viññāṇaṃ abhinivissa sakkāyadiṭṭhi uppajjati. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’ . ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ…pe… api nu taṃ anupādāya sakkāyadiṭṭhi uppajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ , bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ…pe… api nu taṃ anupādāya sakkāyadiṭṭhi uppajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
9887. 我随见经
7. Attānudiṭṭhisuttaṃ
156舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,当有什么时,执取什么,执着什么,会生起我随见?」「尊者,我们的诸法以尊者为根本……」「诸比丘,当有色时,执取色,执着色,会生起我随见。当有受时……当有想时……当有诸行时……当有识时,执取识,执着识,会生起我随见。诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者……不执取它,会生起我随见吗?」「不会这样,尊者。」「受……想……行……识是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者……不执取它,会生起我随见吗?」「不会这样,尊者。」「如此见者……了知……不再有此处的状态。」第七经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya, kiṃ abhinivissa attānudiṭṭhi uppajjatī’’ti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… ‘‘rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati, rūpaṃ upādāya, rūpaṃ abhinivissa attānudiṭṭhi uppajjati. Vedanāya sati… saññāya sati… saṅkhāresu sati… viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ upādāya, viññāṇaṃ abhinivissa attānudiṭṭhi uppajjati . Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ…pe… api nu taṃ anupādāya attānudiṭṭhi uppajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ…pe… api nu taṃ anupādāya attānudiṭṭhi uppajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
9908. 执着经
8. Abhinivesasuttaṃ
9918. 执着经
8. Abhinivesasuttaṃ
157舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,当有什么时,执取什么,执着什么,会生起结、执着、系缚?」「世尊,我们的诸法以世尊为根本……」「诸比丘,当有色时,执取色,执着色,会生起结、执着、系缚。当有受时……当有想时……当有诸行时……当有识时,执取识,执着识,会生起结、执着、系缚。诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,世尊。」「凡无常者……不执取它,会生起结、执着、系缚吗?」「不会这样,世尊。」……
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya, kiṃ abhinivissa uppajjanti saṃyojanābhinivesavinibandhā’’ti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… ‘‘rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati, rūpaṃ upādāya, rūpaṃ abhinivissa uppajjanti saṃyojanābhinivesavinibandhā. Vedanāya sati… saññāya sati… saṅkhāresu sati… viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ upādāya, viññāṇaṃ abhinivissa uppajjanti saṃyojanābhinivesavinibandhā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ…pe… api nu taṃ anupādāya uppajjeyyuṃ saṃyojanābhinivesavinibandhā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9939. 第二执着经
9. Dutiyaabhinivesasuttaṃ
158舍卫城因缘。「诸比丘,当有什么时,执取什么,执着什么,会生起结、执着、系缚、住着?」「尊者,我们的诸法以尊者为根本……」「诸比丘,当有色时,执取色,执着色,会生起结、执着、系缚、住着。当有受时……当有想时……当有诸行时……当有识时,执取识,执着识,会生起结、执着、系缚、住着。诸比丘,你们认为如何,色是常还是无常?」「无常,尊者。」「凡无常者……不执取它,会生起结、执着、系缚、住着吗?」「不会这样,尊者……」「如此见者……了知……不再有此处的状态。」第九经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Kismiṃ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṃ upādāya, kiṃ abhinivissa uppajjanti saṃyojanābhinivesavinibandhājjhosānā’’ti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… ‘‘rūpe kho, bhikkhave, sati, rūpaṃ upādāya, rūpaṃ abhinivissa uppajjanti saṃyojanābhinivesavinibandhājjhosānā. Vedanāya sati … saññāya sati… saṅkhāresu sati… viññāṇe sati, viññāṇaṃ upādāya, viññāṇaṃ abhinivissa uppajjanti saṃyojanābhinivesavinibandhājjhosānā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti ? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ…pe… api nu taṃ anupādāya uppajjeyyuṃ saṃyojanābhinivesavinibandhājjhosānā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
99510. 阿难经
10. Ānandasuttaṃ
99610. 阿难经
10. Ānandasuttaṃ
159事情发生在舍卫城。那时,具寿阿难来到世尊那里。到了之后……对世尊这样说:“大德,请世尊为我简要地说法,好让我听闻世尊的法之后,能独自远离而住,不放逸、有热忱、内心坚决。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe… bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti.
998“阿难,你怎么看,色是常的还是无常的?”“无常的,大德。”“那么,无常的是苦还是乐呢?”“是苦,大德。”“那么,对于这无常的、苦的、变易法,适合把它看作‘这是我的,我是这个,这是我的自我’吗?”“不适合,大德。”“受……想……行……识是常的还是无常的?”“无常的,大德。”“那么,无常的是苦还是乐呢?”“是苦,大德。”“那么,对于这无常的、苦的、变易法,适合把它看作‘这是我的,我是这个,这是我的自我’吗?”“不适合,大德。”阿难,这样观察……他证知:‘不再有未来的轮回了。’”第十经。
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ānanda, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’ . ‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
999见品第十五
Diṭṭhivaggo pañcadasamo.
1000其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
1001其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
1002内、这是我的、有我、不是我的;
Ajjhattikaṃ etaṃmama, soattā nocamesiyā;
1003邪、有身、随、二、执取、阿难。
Micchāsakkāyattānu dve, abhinivesā ānandenāti.
1004上五十完
Uparipaṇṇāsako samatto.
1005其上五十之品摄颂:
Tassa uparipaṇṇāsakassa vagguddānaṃ –
1006内、说法者、明、热灰、见为第五;
Anto dhammakathikā vijjā, kukkuḷaṃ diṭṭhipañcamaṃ;
1007第三个五十已说,称为品。
Tatiyo paṇṇāsako vutto, nipātoti pavuccatīti .
1008蕴相应完
Khandhasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.