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SN 2 · 2. 天子相应

Tipitaka 7.0 静态阅读页 · 424 段 · 打开交互阅读器

1他们乐于诸根的调伏;
Indriyūpasame ratā;
22. 天相应
2. Devaputtasaṃyuttaṃ
31. 第一品
1. Paṭhamavaggo
41. 迦叶经第一
1. Paṭhamakassapasuttaṃ
82如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,西瓦天子于深夜时分,光明照耀,容色绝伦,照亮整座祇园,来到世尊前。礼敬世尊后,立于一旁。立于一旁的西瓦天子以偈颂对世尊说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho sivo devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sivo devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
6应学善说,应近沙门,
‘‘Subhāsitassa sikkhetha, samaṇūpāsanassa ca;
7独坐静处,寂静其心。
Ekāsanassa ca raho, cittavūpasamassa cā’’ti.
8迦叶天子说了这番话,老师表示认可。迦叶天子知道老师认可了,便礼敬世尊,右绕后,就在那里消失了。
Idamavoca kassapo devaputto; samanuñño satthā ahosi. Atha kho kassapo devaputto ‘‘samanuñño me satthā’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.
9第二迦叶经
2. Dutiyakassapasuttaṃ
83在舍卫城。迦叶天子立于一旁,在世尊面前诵出这首偈颂:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kassapo devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
11若比丘是禅修者,心得解脱,
‘‘Bhikkhu siyā jhāyī vimuttacitto,
12若他期望心的证悟;
Ākaṅkhe ce hadayassānupattiṃ;
13了知世间的生灭,
Lokassa ñatvā udayabbayañca,
14他心清净,无所依著——这便是他的利益所在。
Sucetaso anissito tadānisaṃso’’ti.
153. 摩伽经
3. Māghasuttaṃ
84如是我闻:一时,世尊在舍卫城。那时,摩伽天子于深夜时分,以殊妙的光芒照亮整座祇树给孤独园,来到世尊前,顶礼后立于一面。立于一面后,摩伽天子以偈颂请问世尊:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho māgho devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi . Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho māgho devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
17斩断什么,能安稳入眠?斩断什么,不再忧愁?
‘‘Kiṃsu chetvā sukhaṃ seti, kiṃsu chetvā na socati;
18“乔达摩,您赞同杀害哪一法呢?”
Kissassu ekadhammassa, vadhaṃ rocesi gotamā’’ti.
19斩断愤怒,便安稳入眠;斩断愤怒,便不再忧愁。
‘‘Kodhaṃ chetvā sukhaṃ seti, kodhaṃ chetvā na socati;
20愤怒之根有毒,其端却甘甜——降伏束缚者啊,
Kodhassa visamūlassa, madhuraggassa vatrabhū;
21圣者们赞叹将其断除,因为断除它,便不再忧伤。”
Vadhaṃ ariyā pasaṃsanti, tañhi chetvā na socatī’’ti.
224. 摩揭陀经
4. Māgadhasuttaṃ
85在舍卫城。摩揭陀天子立于一旁,以偈颂对世尊说:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho māgadho devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
24世间有多少种光,依此照亮世间?
‘‘Kati lokasmiṃ pajjotā, yehi loko pakāsati;
25我们前来请教世尊,如何方能了知此事?
Bhavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgamma, kathaṃ jānemu taṃ maya’’nti.
26世间有四种光明,第五种则无处可见。
‘‘Cattāro loke pajjotā, pañcamettha na vijjati;
27太阳白昼照耀,月亮夜晚放光。
Divā tapati ādicco, rattimābhāti candimā.
28而火,不分昼夜,随处皆可照耀。
‘‘Atha aggi divārattiṃ, tattha tattha pakāsati;
29但正自觉者是光明中的最上者,这才是无上的光明。
Sambuddho tapataṃ seṭṭho, esā ābhā anuttarā’’ti.
305. 达玛利经
5. Dāmalisuttaṃ
86于舍卫城。那时,后夜时分,达玛利天子以其殊胜容色遍照整座祇园精舍,来到世尊跟前。他向世尊行礼后,立于一旁。立于一旁的达玛利天子在世尊面前诵出此偈:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho dāmali devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho dāmali devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
32这是婆罗门当行之事:精勤努力,无有懈怠;
‘‘Karaṇīyametaṃ brāhmaṇena, padhānaṃ akilāsunā;
33舍离诸欲后,他不再期盼再生。”
Kāmānaṃ vippahānena, na tenāsīsate bhava’’nti.
34“世尊对达玛利说:“婆罗门已无应作之事。””
‘‘Natthi kiccaṃ brāhmaṇassa (dāmalīti bhagavā),
35因为婆罗门已办所作、已尽职责。
Katakicco hi brāhmaṇo.
36只要在河流中尚未找到立足浅处,
‘‘Yāva na gādhaṃ labhati nadīsu,
37众生便以全身奋力挣扎;
Āyūhati sabbagattebhi jantu;
38他得到了坚实的立足处,安稳地立于实地之上,
Gādhañca laddhāna thale ṭhito yo,
39他不再奋力向前,因为他已抵达彼岸。
Nāyūhatī pāragato hi sova .
40达玛利,这便是对婆罗门所作的譬喻,
‘‘Esūpamā dāmali brāhmaṇassa,
41对那漏尽、善巧的禅修者而言。
Khīṇāsavassa nipakassa jhāyino;
42他抵达了生死的尽头,
Pappuyya jātimaraṇassa antaṃ,
43他无需再策励,因他已渡至彼岸。
Nāyūhatī pāragato hi so’’ti .
446. 咖玛达经
6. Kāmadasuttaṃ
87舍卫城因缘。咖玛达天子立于一旁,对世尊这样说:“世尊,这太难了!世尊,实在难极了!”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kāmado devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dukkaraṃ bhagavā, sudukkaraṃ bhagavā’’ti.
46世尊对咖玛达说:“纵使难行,他们仍勉力为之。
‘‘Dukkaraṃ vāpi karonti (kāmadāti bhagavā),
47有学之人,戒行与定力俱足;
Sekhā sīlasamāhitā;
49对于心意坚定、出家而过无家生活者,
Ṭhitattā anagāriyupetassa,
50知足能带来快乐。
Tuṭṭhi hoti sukhāvahā’’ti.
51“世尊,这样的知足,实在难得啊!”
‘‘Dullabhā bhagavā yadidaṃ tuṭṭhī’’ti.
52世尊对咖玛达说:“虽是难得,他们亦能获得。”
‘‘Dullabhaṃ vāpi labhanti (kāmadāti bhagavā),
53乐心寂止者;
Cittavūpasame ratā;
55他们日夜乐修禅那。
Yesaṃ divā ca ratto ca,
56其心乐于修习。
Bhāvanāya rato mano’’ti.
57世尊,此心实在难以入定。
‘‘Dussamādahaṃ bhagavā yadidaṃ citta’’nti.
58纵使此心难入于定,他们仍能令心入定,”世尊对咖玛达说。
‘‘Dussamādahaṃ vāpi samādahanti (kāmadāti bhagavā),
59乐于诸根寂静;
Indriyūpasame ratā;
60他们斩断死魔之网,
Te chetvā maccuno jālaṃ,
61圣者们便向前而行,咖玛达啊。
Ariyā gacchanti kāmadā’’ti.
62“世尊,这条路崎岖难行。”
‘‘Duggamo bhagavā visamo maggo’’ti.
63路虽崎岖难行,圣者们仍向前行,咖玛达;
‘‘Duggame visame vāpi, ariyā gacchanti kāmada;
64非圣者则在这崎岖路上,头朝下栽落;
Anariyā visame magge, papatanti avaṃsirā;
65圣者们的道路是平坦的,因为圣者们行于崎岖之中亦能平坦。
Ariyānaṃ samo maggo, ariyā hi visame samā’’ti.
667. 般遮腊旃达经
7. Pañcālacaṇḍasuttaṃ
88舍卫城因缘。其时,般遮腊旃达天子立于一旁,于世尊前说此偈颂:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho pañcālacaṇḍo devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
68在这逼仄之中,智慧广大的佛陀确实发现了空间,
‘‘Sambādhe vata okāsaṃ, avindi bhūrimedhaso;
69他是那证悟禅那的佛陀,是隐退独处的牛王般的牟尼。”
Yo jhānamabujjhi buddho, paṭilīnanisabho munī’’ti.
70“即使在逼仄之中,他们也能寻得空间。”世尊对般遮腊旃达这样说。
‘‘Sambādhe vāpi vindanti (pañcālacaṇḍāti bhagavā),
71导向涅槃之法;
Dhammaṃ nibbānapattiyā;
72那些已得念者,
Ye satiṃ paccalatthaṃsu,
73他们善入于正定。
Sammā te susamāhitā’’ti.
748. 达亚那经
8. Tāyanasuttaṃ
89在舍卫城。那时,天子达亚那——曾经的外道师,在深夜时分,以赫奕的容光照彻整座祇园,来到世尊面前。他礼敬世尊,然后站在一旁。立于一旁的天子达亚那,在世尊面前说出这些偈颂:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho tāyano devaputto purāṇatitthakaro abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho tāyano devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
76“奋力精进,截断瀑流;驱散欲乐,婆罗门!
‘‘Chinda sotaṃ parakkamma, kāme panuda brāhmaṇa;
77牟尼若不舍弃欲乐,便不能证得专一。
Nappahāya munī kāme, nekattamupapajjati.
78该做的,就应当坚决去做,并以坚毅的精进奋力而行;
‘‘Kayirā ce kayirāthenaṃ, daḷhamenaṃ parakkame;
79松懈的游方者,只会扬起更多尘垢。
Sithilo hi paribbājo, bhiyyo ākirate rajaṃ.
80恶,未作方为善好;若已作恶,后必为懊悔所烧。
‘‘Akataṃ dukkaṭaṃ seyyo, pacchā tapati dukkaṭaṃ;
81善,已作方为善好;既作之后,心无懊悔。
Katañca sukataṃ seyyo, yaṃ katvā nānutappati.
82正如茅草若不善握,反会割伤其手,
‘‘Kuso yathā duggahito, hatthamevānukantati;
83沙门行若行持不正,也会将自己拖入地狱。
Sāmaññaṃ dupparāmaṭṭhaṃ, nirayāyūpakaḍḍhati.
84任何松懈的业、任何染污的誓戒,
‘‘Yaṃ kiñci sithilaṃ kammaṃ, saṃkiliṭṭhañca yaṃ vataṃ;
85令人疑虑的梵行,那不会有大果报。
Saṅkassaraṃ brahmacariyaṃ, na taṃ hoti mahapphala’’nti.
86达亚那天子这样说。说完,他向世尊礼敬、右绕,便在那里消失。
Idamavoca tāyano devaputto; idaṃ vatvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.
87那时,那夜过后,世尊对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,昨夜有位名叫达亚那的天子,过去曾为外道导师。他在后夜时分,以殊胜的容色照亮整座祇园,来到我这里,向我礼敬后,立于一旁。诸比丘,达亚那天子立于一旁时,在我面前诵出这些偈颂——”
Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ tāyano nāma devaputto purāṇatitthakaro abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, bhikkhave, tāyano devaputto mama santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
88“奋力斩断流,驱散诸欲,婆罗门!”
‘‘Chinda sotaṃ parakkamma, kāme panuda brāhmaṇa;
89牟尼若不舍离诸欲,便不能获得心一境性。
Nappahāya munī kāme, nekattamupapajjati.
90若应有所作,便应坚定地奋勉于此事。
‘‘Kayirā ce kayirāthenaṃ, daḷhamenaṃ parakkame;
91懈怠的游方者,只会扬起更多的尘垢。
Sithilo hi paribbājo, bhiyyo ākirate rajaṃ.
92不造恶业为佳,造已,恶业烧灼其心;
‘‘Akataṃ dukkaṭaṃ seyyo, pacchā tapati dukkaṭaṃ;
93造作善业则更殊胜,既行之后心无悔疚。
Katañca sukataṃ seyyo, yaṃ katvā nānutappati.
94譬如不善握持茅草,反会割伤其手。
‘‘Kuso yathā duggahito, hatthamevānukantati;
95错误执取的沙门行,将被拖入地狱。
Sāmaññaṃ dupparāmaṭṭhaṃ, nirayāyūpakaḍḍhati.
96任何懈怠的业,以及任何杂染的戒行;
‘‘Yaṃ kiñci sithilaṃ kammaṃ, saṃkiliṭṭhañca yaṃ vataṃ;
97摇摆不定的梵行,不会有广大果报。
Saṅkassaraṃ brahmacariyaṃ, na taṃ hoti mahapphala’’nti.
98诸比丘,这便是达亚那天子所说。说毕,他向我礼敬,行右绕礼后,即在那儿隐没消失。诸比丘,你们当学习达亚那的偈颂,当通晓达亚那的偈颂,当铭记达亚那的偈颂。诸比丘,这些偈颂具足利益,是梵行的基础。
‘‘Idamavoca, bhikkhave, tāyano devaputto, idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyi. Uggaṇhātha, bhikkhave, tāyanagāthā; pariyāpuṇātha, bhikkhave, tāyanagāthā; dhāretha, bhikkhave, tāyanagāthā. Atthasaṃhitā, bhikkhave, tāyanagāthā ādibrahmacariyikā’’ti.
999. 月天子经
9. Candimasuttaṃ
90舍卫城。那时,月天子为阿修罗王罗睺所执。彼时,月天子忆念世尊,就在那一刻,说出此偈:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena candimā devaputto rāhunā asurindena gahito hoti. Atha kho candimā devaputto bhagavantaṃ anussaramāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
101“礼敬您,佛陀,大雄者!您在一切处皆已解脱;
‘‘Namo te buddha vīratthu, vippamuttosi sabbadhi;
102我陷于狭迫困厄,求您做我的皈依处。”
Sambādhapaṭipannosmi, tassa me saraṇaṃ bhavā’’ti.
103尔时,世尊以月天子为所缘,对阿修罗王罗睺以偈颂说:
Atha kho bhagavā candimaṃ devaputtaṃ ārabbha rāhuṃ asurindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
104月天子已皈依如来、阿拉汉。
‘‘Tathāgataṃ arahantaṃ, candimā saraṇaṃ gato;
105罗睺,放了月天子吧,诸佛悲悯世间。
Rāhu candaṃ pamuñcassu, buddhā lokānukampakā’’ti.
106那时,阿修罗王罗睺释放了月天子后,匆匆赶到阿修罗王毗摩质多罗面前,到了之后,他惊恐不安、汗毛竖立,站在一旁。阿修罗王毗摩质多罗便以偈颂对他说——
Atha kho rāhu asurindo candimaṃ devaputtaṃ muñcitvā taramānarūpo yena vepacitti asurindo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho rāhuṃ asurindaṃ vepacitti asurindo gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
107““罗睺,你为何如此慌忙地放开了月亮?”
‘‘Kiṃ nu santaramānova, rāhu candaṃ pamuñcasi;
108你面带惊惶而来,为何战栗地站在那里?”
Saṃviggarūpo āgamma, kiṃ nu bhītova tiṭṭhasī’’ti.
109我的头将裂为七瓣,活着也不得安乐,
‘‘Sattadhā me phale muddhā, jīvanto na sukhaṃ labhe;
110“我已为佛陀的偈颂所摄受,若仍不释放月天子,”
Buddhagāthābhigītomhi, no ce muñceyya candima’’nti.
11110. 日经
10. Sūriyasuttaṃ
91舍卫城。那时,日天子被阿修罗王罗睺所执。当时,日天子忆念世尊,即说此偈:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena sūriyo devaputto rāhunā asurindena gahito hoti. Atha kho sūriyo devaputto bhagavantaṃ anussaramāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
113礼敬您,佛陀,英雄!您于一切处皆得解脱;
‘‘Namo te buddha vīratthu, vippamuttosi sabbadhi;
114我已陷入逼迫的险境,请您成为我的皈依处。
Sambādhapaṭipannosmi, tassa me saraṇaṃ bhavā’’ti.
115那时,世尊就日天子之事,以偈颂对阿修罗王罗睺说道:
Atha kho bhagavā sūriyaṃ devaputtaṃ ārabbha rāhuṃ asurindaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
116日天子已皈依如来、阿拉汉;
‘‘Tathāgataṃ arahantaṃ, sūriyo saraṇaṃ gato;
117罗睺,放了太阳,诸佛悲悯世间。
Rāhu sūriyaṃ pamuñcassu, buddhā lokānukampakā.
118那位于黑暗、幽暗处带来光明者,
‘‘Yo andhakāre tamasi pabhaṅkaro,
119赫赫威光,圆轮炽盛,具大威力的太阳神,
Verocano maṇḍalī uggatejo;
120罗睺,莫要吞下这位巡游于天际者,
Mā rāhu gilī caramantalikkhe,
121“罗睺,请释放我的子民太阳吧。”
Pajaṃ mamaṃ rāhu pamuñca sūriya’’nti.
122于是,阿修罗王罗睺放开了日天子,匆忙赶到阿修罗王韦波吉底那里。到了之后,他惊惶不安、汗毛直竖,站在一旁。阿修罗王韦波吉底便以偈颂对站在一旁的罗睺说:
Atha kho rāhu asurindo sūriyaṃ devaputtaṃ muñcitvā taramānarūpo yena vepacitti asurindo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho rāhuṃ asurindaṃ vepacitti asurindo gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
123你为何这般匆忙放开了太阳,罗睺?
‘‘Kiṃ nu santaramānova, rāhu sūriyaṃ pamuñcasi;
124你惊惶而来,为何战栗而立?
Saṃviggarūpo āgamma, kiṃ nu bhītova tiṭṭhasī’’ti.
125我的头将裂作七瓣,活着也不得安乐;
‘‘Sattadhā me phale muddhā, jīvanto na sukhaṃ labhe;
126“我被佛陀的偈颂所摄,若不放走太阳。””
Buddhagāthābhigītomhi, no ce muñceyya sūriya’’nti.
127其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
128第一品
Paṭhamo vaggo.
129此为摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
130二迦叶、摩伽、摩揭陀、达玛利与咖玛达
Dve kassapā ca māgho ca, māgadho dāmali kāmado;
131“般遮罗旃陀罗、陀耶那,连同月神与日神,合为十位。”
Pañcālacaṇḍo tāyano, candimasūriyena te dasāti.
1322. 给孤独品
2. Anāthapiṇḍikavaggo
133月天子经
1. Candimasasuttaṃ
92在舍卫城。那时,月天子在深夜时分,以绝胜的容光遍照整座祇园,来到世尊处。他到已,向世尊敬礼,立于一旁。立于一旁的月天子在世尊面前说出此偈:
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho candimaso devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi . Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho candimaso devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
135他们必将安稳抵达,犹如无蚊虻湿地中的鹿;
‘‘Te hi sotthiṃ gamissanti, kacche vāmakase magā;
136证得诸禅那,心专一,警觉、具念。
Jhānāni upasampajja, ekodi nipakā satā’’ti.
137他们必将抵达彼岸,犹如鱼冲破罗网;
‘‘Te hi pāraṃ gamissanti, chetvā jālaṃva ambujo;
138成就了禅那,具足不放逸,舍离一切染着。
Jhānāni upasampajja, appamattā raṇañjahā’’ti.
1392. 韦度经
2. Veṇḍusuttaṃ
93韦度天子立于一旁,在世尊面前诵出此偈——
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho veṇḍu devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
141那些亲近善逝的人,确实快乐;
‘‘Sukhitāva te manujā, sugataṃ payirupāsiya;
142他们依乔达摩的教导精勤修习,从不放逸。
Yuñjaṃ gotamasāsane, appamattā nu sikkhare’’ti.
143“韦度啊,我所宣说的教诫之句,”世尊这样说,
‘‘Ye me pavutte siṭṭhipade (veṇḍūti bhagavā),
144“修习禅那者皆随学于它;
Anusikkhanti jhāyino;
145“他们若能适时而不放逸,”
Kāle te appamajjantā,
146便不会为死魔所制。
Na maccuvasagā siyu’’nti.
1473. 长指经
3. Dīghalaṭṭhisuttaṃ
94如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城的竹林栗鼠饲养园。 那时,众多外道弟子的天子——阿萨摩、萨诃离、尼柯、阿拘吒伽、维伽跋离和摩那婆伽弥耶——在深夜时分,容色殊妙,光明照耀整片竹林,来到世尊前。到后,向世尊礼敬,立于一旁。立于一旁的阿萨摩天子,针对富兰那迦叶,在世尊面前说此偈:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho sambahulā nānātitthiyasāvakā devaputtā asamo ca sahali ca nīko ca ākoṭako ca vegabbhari ca māṇavagāmiyo ca abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ veḷuvanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho asamo devaputto pūraṇaṃ kassapaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
149比丘应是禅修者,心得解脱,
‘‘Bhikkhu siyā jhāyī vimuttacitto,
150若他希求心的成就,
Ākaṅkhe ce hadayassānupattiṃ;
151了知世间之生起与灭没已,
Lokassa ñatvā udayabbayañca,
152善心无依,这便是他的利益。
Sucetaso anissito tadānisaṃso’’ti.
1534. 难达那经
4. Nandanasuttaṃ
95难达那天子立于一面,以偈颂对世尊说:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho nandano devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
155乔达摩,智慧广大者,我向您请问:
‘‘Pucchāmi taṃ gotama bhūripañña,
156世尊,您的智见无有障碍;
Anāvaṭaṃ bhagavato ñāṇadassanaṃ;
157他们所称为具戒者,是何种样人呢?
Kathaṃvidhaṃ sīlavantaṃ vadanti,
158他们称什么样的人为具慧者?
Kathaṃvidhaṃ paññavantaṃ vadanti;
159怎样的人能超越苦而生活?
Kathaṃvidho dukkhamaticca iriyati,
160怎样的人为诸天所供养?
Kathaṃvidhaṃ devatā pūjayantī’’ti.
161持戒者、具慧者、已修习自身者,
‘‘Yo sīlavā paññavā bhāvitatto,
162入定者、乐禅那者、具念者;
Samāhito jhānarato satīmā;
163一切忧愁皆已消散、已断除,
Sabbassa sokā vigatā pahīnā,
164是漏尽者,持最后身者。
Khīṇāsavo antimadehadhārī.
165人们称这样的人为具戒者,
‘‘Tathāvidhaṃ sīlavantaṃ vadanti,
166人们称这样的人为具慧者;
Tathāvidhaṃ paññavantaṃ vadanti;
167这样的人超越痛苦而安住。
Tathāvidho dukkhamaticca iriyati,
168诸天崇敬这样的人。
Tathāvidhaṃ devatā pūjayantī’’ti.
1695. 旃檀经
5. Candanasuttaṃ
96立于一面,旃檀天子以偈颂对世尊说:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho candano devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
171谁能渡过瀑流,昼夜无有懈倦?
‘‘Kathaṃsu tarati oghaṃ, rattindivamatandito;
172“无所依止,无所攀附,谁能于深渊之中而不沉没?”
Appatiṭṭhe anālambe, ko gambhīre na sīdatī’’ti.
173恒常戒行具足,智慧具足,心善入定;
‘‘Sabbadā sīlasampanno, paññavā susamāhito;
174精进勇猛,意志坚定,能渡难渡之瀑流;
Āraddhavīriyo pahitatto, oghaṃ tarati duttaraṃ.
175远离欲想,已超越色的结缚;
‘‘Virato kāmasaññāya, rūpasaṃyojanātigo;
176喜爱与贪染已尽的人,不会在深处沉没。
Nandīrāgaparikkhīṇo, so gambhīre na sīdatī’’ti.
1776. 瓦苏达答经
6. Vāsudattasuttaṃ
97瓦苏达答天子立于一面,在世尊面前说此偈颂——
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho vāsudatto devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
179犹如利剑刺身,又如头顶火燃;
‘‘Sattiyā viya omaṭṭho, ḍayhamānova matthake;
180为断除欲贪,比丘当具念游方。
Kāmarāgappahānāya, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.
181犹如利剑刺身,又如头顶火燃;
‘‘Sattiyā viya omaṭṭho, ḍayhamānova matthake;
182比丘应具念游方,以断有身见。
Sakkāyadiṭṭhippahānāya, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.
1837. 须梵天经
7. Subrahmasuttaṃ
98须梵天天子立于一旁,以偈颂对世尊说:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho subrahmā devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
185这颗心常惊恐不安,这个意常惶惶不定,
‘‘Niccaṃ utrastamidaṃ cittaṃ, niccaṃ ubbiggamidaṃ mano;
186于未生的苦与已生的苦——
Anuppannesu kicchesu , atho uppatitesu ca;
187若实有那无所畏惧的境界,就请您在被问时,为我开示。”
Sace atthi anutrastaṃ, taṃ me akkhāhi pucchito’’ti.
188若非觉悟与苦行,若非守护诸根,
‘‘Nāññatra bojjhā tapasā , nāññatrindriyasaṃvarā;
189若非全然舍离一切,我不见众生之安稳。
Nāññatra sabbanissaggā, sotthiṃ passāmi pāṇina’’nti.
190世尊如此说。……那位天神便在那里隐没。
‘‘Idamavoca…pe… tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.
1918. 咖古达经
8. Kakudhasuttaṃ
99如是我闻:一时,世尊住在萨给德的安阇那林里的鹿野苑。那时,深夜时分,咖古达天子身具殊胜容光,照亮整片安阇那林,来到世尊跟前,礼敬世尊,立于一旁。立于一旁后,咖古达天子对世尊说:“沙门,你可有喜悦?”“朋友,我因何而喜悦呢?”“那么,沙门,你可有忧愁?”“朋友,我因何而忧愁呢?”“那么,沙门,你既不喜悦亦不忧愁吗?”“正是如此,朋友。”
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sākete viharati añjanavane migadāye. Atha kho kakudho devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ añjanavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kakudho devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nandasi, samaṇā’’ti? ‘‘Kiṃ laddhā, āvuso’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, samaṇa, socasī’’ti? ‘‘Kiṃ jīyittha, āvuso’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, samaṇa, neva nandasi na ca socasī’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti.
193“比丘,你可是无垢者?你心中是否已无喜悦?”
‘‘Kacci tvaṃ anagho bhikkhu, kacci nandī na vijjati;
194“你独自静坐时,不乐可会压倒你?”
Kacci taṃ ekamāsīnaṃ, aratī nābhikīratī’’ti.
195神灵,我确实无垢,也没有喜贪;
‘‘Anagho ve ahaṃ yakkha, atho nandī na vijjati;
196而且,我独自静坐时,不乐亦不能压倒我。
Atho maṃ ekamāsīnaṃ, aratī nābhikīratī’’ti.
197“比丘,你如何无忧恼?喜乐又如何在你心中不可得?”
‘‘Kathaṃ tvaṃ anagho bhikkhu, kathaṃ nandī na vijjati;
198当你独自静坐时,如何不为不悦所淹没?
Kathaṃ taṃ ekamāsīnaṃ, aratī nābhikīratī’’ti.
199从忧伤中生喜悦,从喜悦中生忧伤。
‘‘Aghajātassa ve nandī, nandījātassa ve aghaṃ;
200朋友,你应这样了知我:一位无有欢悦、亦无忧恼的比丘。
Anandī anagho bhikkhu, evaṃ jānāhi āvuso’’ti.
201历经长久,我终于得见——已般涅槃的婆罗门,
‘‘Cirassaṃ vata passāmi, brāhmaṇaṃ parinibbutaṃ;
202那无欢悦、亦无忧恼的比丘,已超越世间的一切贪著。
Anandiṃ anaghaṃ bhikkhuṃ, tiṇṇaṃ loke visattika’’nti.
2039. 优多罗经
9. Uttarasuttaṃ
100王舍城因缘。优多罗天子立于一旁,在世尊面前说出此偈颂:
Rājagahanidānaṃ . Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho uttaro devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
205生命正被催迫前行,寿命何其短少,
‘‘Upanīyati jīvitamappamāyu,
206为衰老所逼迫者,无有庇护可寻;
Jarūpanītassa na santi tāṇā;
207当审察这死亡中的怖畏时,
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
208你们应当修集能带来安乐的福德。
Puññāni kayirātha sukhāvahānī’’ti.
209生命被牵引而去,寿命何其短暂;
‘‘Upanīyati jīvitamappamāyu,
210为衰老所逼迫的人,没有任何依怙可寻;
Jarūpanītassa na santi tāṇā;
211见到死亡的这种怖畏,
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
212当舍弃世间利养,做一个希求寂静的人。
Lokāmisaṃ pajahe santipekkho’’ti.
21310. 给孤独经
10. Anāthapiṇḍikasuttaṃ
101给孤独天子立在一旁,在世尊面前诵出这些偈颂:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho anāthapiṇḍiko devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
215这就是那祇园,常为圣者僧团所亲近;
‘‘Idañhi taṃ jetavanaṃ, isisaṅghanisevitaṃ;
216法王曾在此安住,令我生起欢喜。
Āvutthaṃ dhammarājena, pītisañjananaṃ mama.
217业、明与法,戒与最胜活命;
‘‘Kammaṃ vijjā ca dhammo ca, sīlaṃ jīvitamuttamaṃ;
218众生由是而得清净,不因种姓与财富。
Etena maccā sujjhanti, na gottena dhanena vā.
219是故智者,善见自身义利;
‘‘Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṃ atthamattano;
220如理简择法,依此便得清净。
Yoniso vicine dhammaṃ, evaṃ tattha visujjhati.
221舍利弗具足智慧、戒行与寂静;
‘‘Sāriputtova paññāya, sīlena upasamena ca;
222即使是已到达彼岸的比丘,至多也只能与他齐等。
Yopi pāraṅgato bhikkhu, etāvaparamo siyā’’ti.
223给孤独天子这样说了。说已,向世尊顶礼,右绕之后,便在那里隐没不现。
Idamavoca anāthapiṇḍiko devaputto. Idaṃ vatvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.
224那时,是夜过后,世尊告诉诸比丘:“诸比丘,昨夜,有一位天子,容色殊妙,照耀整座祇园,来到我前,上前向我礼敬,站在一面。诸比丘,那位天子站在一面后,就在我面前诵出这些偈颂——”
Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ aññataro devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, bhikkhave, so devaputto mama santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
225这就是那座祇园,为圣者僧团所亲近、所依止;
‘‘Idañhi taṃ jetavanaṃ, isisaṅghanisevitaṃ;
226法王曾居此处,令我生起喜悦。
Āvutthaṃ dhammarājena, pītisañjananaṃ mama.
227业、明、法与戒,以及最崇高的活命之道——
‘‘Kammaṃ vijjā ca dhammo ca, sīlaṃ jīvitamuttamaṃ;
228众生正是依此而得清净,并非因为出身或财富。
Etena maccā sujjhanti, na gottena dhanena vā.
229因此,智者明察自身的真实利益,
‘‘Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṃ atthamattano;
230应如理审察法,如此便能在法上得以清净。
Yoniso vicine dhammaṃ, evaṃ tattha visujjhati.
231如舍利弗一般,以智慧、以戒行、以内心的止息,
‘‘Sāriputtova paññāya, sīlena upasamena ca;
232即使是一位到达彼岸的比丘,最上也不过如此。
Yopi pāraṅgato bhikkhu, etāvaparamo siyā’’ti.
233诸比丘,那位天子如此说。说罢,他向我顶礼,作右绕,便在那里隐没。
‘‘Idamavoca, bhikkhave, so devaputto. Idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.
234听闻此语,具寿阿难对世尊这样说:“尊者,那位必定就是给孤独天子吧。因为给孤独长者曾对具寿舍利弗深怀净信。”“善哉,善哉,阿难!阿难,凡是可借由推理达到的,你都已经达到了。阿难,那确实就是给孤独天子。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘so hi nūna, bhante, anāthapiṇḍiko devaputto bhavissati. Anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati āyasmante sāriputte abhippasanno ahosī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, ānanda, yāvatakaṃ kho, ānanda, takkāya pattabbaṃ anuppattaṃ taṃ tayā. Anāthapiṇḍiko hi so, ānanda, devaputto’’ti.
235其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
236给孤独品第二
Anāthapiṇḍikavaggo dutiyo.
237其摄颂曰:
Tassuddānaṃ –
238旃檀摩与韦奴,长爪与难达。
Candimaso ca veṇḍu ca, dīghalaṭṭhi ca nandano;
239旃檀与瓦苏达答,须梵天与咖古达;
Candano vāsudatto ca, subrahmā kakudhena ca;
240优多罗天子称为第九位,第十位是给孤独天子。
Uttaro navamo vutto, dasamo anāthapiṇḍikoti.
2413. 种种外道品
3. Nānātitthiyavaggo
2421. 西瓦经
1. Sivasuttaṃ
102如是我闻:一时,世尊住于舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,迦叶天子在深夜时分,以殊胜容光遍照整座祇园,来到世尊跟前,向世尊礼敬后,立于一面。立于一旁的迦叶天子对世尊如是说:“世尊虽宣示了比丘,却未为比丘开示教诫。” “既如此,迦叶,你且来宣说此事吧。”
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho kassapo devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kassapo devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhikkhuṃ bhagavā pakāsesi, no ca bhikkhuno anusāsa’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi kassapa, taññevettha paṭibhātū’’ti.
244唯与善人亲近交往,唯与善人深心结交;
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
245了知善士之正法后,人会变得更好,而非更坏。
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, seyyo hoti na pāpiyo.
246唯与善士共处,唯与善士缔交;
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
247了知善士之正法已,慧由此生,非从他处得。
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, paññā labbhati nāññato.
248唯与善者结交,唯亲近善者;
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
249了知善者的正法,纵在忧苦中亦无忧苦。
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sokamajjhe na socati.
250唯与善士交往,与善士建立亲近之谊。
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
251了知善者的正法,在亲族中粲然生辉。
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, ñātimajjhe virocati.
252唯与善士交往,与善士建立亲近之谊。
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
253了知善士的正法,众生便趣向善趣。
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sattā gacchanti suggatiṃ.
254唯与善士交往,与善士建立亲近之谊。
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
255了知善士的正法,众生便安稳而住。
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sattā tiṭṭhanti sātata’’nti.
256那时,世尊以偈颂回应希瓦天子说:
Atha kho bhagavā sivaṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –
257应唯与善士交往,应亲近善士;
‘‘Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
258了知善士之正法,便从一切苦中解脱。
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sabbadukkhā pamuccatī’’ti.
259谶摩经
2. Khemasuttaṃ
103安稳天子立于一旁,在世尊面前诵出这些偈颂:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho khemo devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
261愚痴无慧之人,行径如同自为怨敌;
‘‘Caranti bālā dummedhā, amitteneva attanā;
262他们造作恶业,那将结出痛苦之果。
Karontā pāpakaṃ kammaṃ, yaṃ hoti kaṭukapphalaṃ.
263做了之后会令人懊悔的业,便不是善业。
‘‘Na taṃ kammaṃ kataṃ sādhu, yaṃ katvā anutappati;
264为此,他泪流满面、哀泣地承受着果报。
Yassa assumukho rodaṃ, vipākaṃ paṭisevati.
265做了之后不令人懊悔的业,那才是善业。
‘‘Tañca kammaṃ kataṃ sādhu, yaṃ katvā nānutappati;
266他对此满意、欣悦,领受着它的果报。
Yassa patīto sumano, vipākaṃ paṭisevati.
267凡自知于己有利之事,理当先行准备;
‘‘Paṭikacceva taṃ kayirā, yaṃ jaññā hitamattano;
268智者不会以赶车人的思虑而精进。
Na sākaṭikacintāya, mantā dhīro parakkame.
269譬如驾车者舍弃了平坦坚实的大道,
‘‘Yathā sākaṭiko maṭṭhaṃ , samaṃ hitvā mahāpathaṃ;
270驶入崎岖险路后,如同断轴一般陷于忧恼。
Visamaṃ maggamāruyha, akkhacchinnova jhāyati.
271同样,愚人背离正法,追随非法,
‘‘Evaṃ dhammā apakkamma, adhammamanuvattiya;
272已落入死魔之口,犹如断轴之人,陷入愁忧。
Mando maccumukhaṃ patto, akkhacchinnova jhāyatī’’ti.
2733. 色利经
3. Serīsuttaṃ
104立于一旁,色利天子以偈颂对世尊说道:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho serī devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
275天神与人,皆喜爱食物;
‘‘Annamevābhinandanti , ubhaye devamānusā;
276“那么,那位不喜食物的夜叉,叫什么名字呢?”
Atha ko nāma so yakkho, yaṃ annaṃ nābhinandatī’’ti.
277“那些以净信、以清净心布施食物的人,”
‘‘Ye naṃ dadanti saddhāya, vippasannena cetasā;
278那食物便追随于他,在此世,也在他世。
Tameva annaṃ bhajati, asmiṃ loke paramhi ca.
279因此,应调伏悭吝,施舍那战胜垢秽的布施;
‘‘Tasmā vineyya maccheraṃ, dajjā dānaṃ malābhibhū;
280于他世,福德便是众生的依止处。
Puññāni paralokasmiṃ, patiṭṭhā honti pāṇina’’nti.
281真是不可思议,尊者!真是未曾有,尊者!世尊这番话,说得实在善妙——
‘‘Acchariyaṃ , bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā –
282那些以信心、以清净心供养的人,
‘‘Ye naṃ dadanti saddhāya, vippasannena cetasā;
283那食物便追随他,于此世间与来世皆然。
Tameva annaṃ bhajati, asmiṃ loke paramhi ca.
284因此,调伏悭吝,行于布施,便能胜伏垢秽;
‘‘Tasmā vineyya maccheraṃ, dajjā dānaṃ malābhibhū;
285来世之中,福德是众生的依怙。
Puññāni paralokasmiṃ, patiṭṭhā honti pāṇina’’nti.
286尊者,过去世我曾是一位名叫西利的国王,是施者、施主,常赞叹布施。尊者,那时我在四座城门,向沙门、婆罗门、贫苦者、旅人和乞丐施与布施。尊者,那时后宫女眷们前来对我这样说:‘大王的布施正在施与,而我们的布施却未能施与。善哉!请大王准许,我们也依大王而作布施,积集福德吧。’尊者,那时我心想:‘我是施者、施主,常赞叹布施。她们说“我们要施与布施”,我该怎么说呢?’尊者,我便将第一座城门交给了后宫女眷。在那里,后宫女眷们的布施得以施与,而我的布施却退减了。
‘‘Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhante, sirī nāma rājā ahosiṃ dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, catūsu dvāresu dānaṃ dīyittha samaṇa-brāhmaṇa-kapaṇaddhika-vanibbakayācakānaṃ. Atha kho maṃ, bhante, itthāgāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘devassa kho dānaṃ dīyati; amhākaṃ dānaṃ na dīyati. Sādhu mayampi devaṃ nissāya dānāni dadeyyāma, puññāni kareyyāmā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ khosmi dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Dānaṃ dassāmāti vadante kinti vadeyya’nti? So khvāhaṃ, bhante, paṭhamaṃ dvāraṃ itthāgārassa adāsiṃ. Tattha itthāgārassa dānaṃ dīyittha; mama dānaṃ paṭikkami.
287尊者,那时,随从的刹帝利们来到我这里,对我这样说:‘大王正在行布施,后宫众眷属也在行布施,而我们却不得布施。善哉,请允许我们也依仰大王而行布施、培植福德吧。’尊者,当时我心想:‘我本是施者、施主,是赞叹布施的人。别人说“我要行布施”,我又当如何说呢?’尊者,于是我便将第二道城门交给了随从的刹帝利们。在那里,随从的刹帝利们得以行布施,而我的布施便退减了。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, bhante, khattiyā anuyantā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘devassa kho dānaṃ dīyati; itthāgārassa dānaṃ dīyati; amhākaṃ dānaṃ na dīyati. Sādhu mayampi devaṃ nissāya dānāni dadeyyāma, puññāni kareyyāmā’ti . Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ khosmi dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Dānaṃ dassāmāti vadante kinti vadeyya’nti ? So khvāhaṃ, bhante, dutiyaṃ dvāraṃ khattiyānaṃ anuyantānaṃ adāsiṃ. Tattha khattiyānaṃ anuyantānaṃ dānaṃ dīyittha, mama dānaṃ paṭikkami.
288尊者,那时,军队来到我这里,对我这样说:‘大王正在行布施,后宫众眷属也在行布施,随从的刹帝利众也在行布施,而我们却不得布施。善哉,请允许我们也依仰大王而行布施、培植福德吧。’尊者,当时我心想:‘我本是施者、施主,是赞叹布施的人。别人说“我要行布施”,我又当如何说呢?’尊者,于是我便将第三道城门交给了军队。在那里,军队得以行布施,而我的布施便退减了。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, bhante, balakāyo upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘devassa kho dānaṃ dīyati; itthāgārassa dānaṃ dīyati; khattiyānaṃ anuyantānaṃ dānaṃ dīyati; amhākaṃ dānaṃ na dīyati. Sādhu mayampi devaṃ nissāya dānāni dadeyyāma, puññāni kareyyāmā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ khosmi dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Dānaṃ dassāmāti vadante kinti vadeyya’nti? So khvāhaṃ bhante, tatiyaṃ dvāraṃ balakāyassa adāsiṃ. Tattha balakāyassa dānaṃ dīyittha, mama dānaṃ paṭikkami.
289尊者,那时,婆罗门居士们来到我这里,对我这样说:‘大王正在行布施,后宫众眷属也在行布施,随从的刹帝利众也在行布施,军队也在行布施,而我们却不得布施。善哉,请允许我们也依仰大王而行布施、培植福德吧。’尊者,当时我心想:‘我本是施者、施主,是赞叹布施的人。别人说“我要行布施”,我又当如何说呢?’尊者,于是我便将第四道城门交给了婆罗门居士们。在那里,婆罗门居士们得以行布施,而我的布施便减少了。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, bhante, brāhmaṇagahapatikā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘devassa kho dānaṃ dīyati; itthāgārassa dānaṃ dīyati; khattiyānaṃ anuyantānaṃ dānaṃ dīyati; balakāyassa dānaṃ dīyati; amhākaṃ dānaṃ na dīyati. Sādhu mayampi devaṃ nissāya dānāni dadeyyāma, puññāni kareyyāmā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘ahaṃ khosmi dāyako dānapati dānassa vaṇṇavādī. Dānaṃ dassāmāti vadante kinti vadeyya’nti? So khvāhaṃ, bhante, catutthaṃ dvāraṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ adāsiṃ. Tattha brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ dānaṃ dīyittha, mama dānaṃ paṭikkami.
290尊者,后来有人前来对我说:‘大王的布施如今无人行施了。’他们这样说时,尊者,我便这样回答他们:‘既然如此,朋友们,你们把在外省所收的税赋,一半解入内宫,另一半就在当地布施给沙门、婆罗门、孤穷、旅人与乞丐。’尊者,我这样长久累积的福德、长久修习的善法,始终无法算清它的边际——究竟有多少福德,究竟有多少果报,究竟能在天界安住多久。尊者,这真是不可思议、真是稀有啊!尊者,世尊所宣说的这番话,实在是殊胜——
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, bhante, purisā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘na kho dāni devassa koci dānaṃ dīyatī’ti. Evaṃ vuttāhaṃ, bhante, te purise etadavocaṃ – ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, yo bāhiresu janapadesu āyo sañjāyati tato upaḍḍhaṃ antepure pavesetha, upaḍḍhaṃ tattheva dānaṃ detha samaṇa-brāhmaṇa-kapaṇaddhika-vanibbaka-yācakāna’nti . So khvāhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ dīgharattaṃ katānaṃ puññānaṃ evaṃ dīgharattaṃ katānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pariyantaṃ nādhigacchāmi – ettakaṃ puññanti vā ettako puññavipākoti vā ettakaṃ sagge ṭhātabbanti vāti. Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā –
291凡以信心、以澄净之心施与饮食者,
‘‘Ye naṃ dadanti saddhāya, vippasannena cetasā;
292所施之食便追随其人,于此世与来世。
Tameva annaṃ bhajati, asmiṃ loke paramhi ca.
293因此,调伏了吝啬、克服此垢染者,应行布施;
‘‘Tasmā vineyya maccheraṃ, dajjā dānaṃ malābhibhū;
294福德是他世众生的依止处。
Puññāni paralokasmiṃ, patiṭṭhā honti pāṇina’’nti.
2954. 陶师经
4. Ghaṭīkārasuttaṃ
105陶师天子立于一面,在世尊面前说出此偈:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho ghaṭīkāro devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
297“生于无烦天的七位比丘,已得解脱;”
‘‘Avihaṃ upapannāse, vimuttā satta bhikkhavo;
298“贪欲与嗔恚彻底灭尽,渡越了世间的黏着。”
Rāgadosaparikkhīṇā, tiṇṇā loke visattika’’nti.
299“有哪些人渡过了泥沼,越过了那极难渡越的死王领域?”
‘‘Ke ca te ataruṃ paṅkaṃ, maccudheyyaṃ suduttaraṃ;
300“哪些人舍弃了人的色身,超越了天界的系缚?”
Ke hitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, dibbayogaṃ upaccagu’’nti.
301“乌巴迦、帕拉甘达与普库萨提,这三位。”
‘‘Upako palagaṇḍo ca, pukkusāti ca te tayo;
302“跋提亚、肯达戴瓦,以及巴胡拉吉与桑吉亚;”
Bhaddiyo khaṇḍadevo ca, bāhuraggi ca saṅgiyo ;
303他们舍离人身之后,超越了天界的系缚。
Te hitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, dibbayogaṃ upaccagu’’nti.
304你善巧地称述那些舍离魔罗套索者。
‘‘Kusalī bhāsasī tesaṃ, mārapāsappahāyinaṃ;
305他们是通过了知谁的法,而断除有结的束缚的呢?
Kassa te dhammamaññāya, acchiduṃ bhavabandhana’’nti.
306除了世尊,除了您的教导,再无其他。
‘‘Na aññatra bhagavatā, nāññatra tava sāsanā;
307正是由于了知您的法,他们才断除了有结的束缚。
Yassa te dhammamaññāya, acchiduṃ bhavabandhanaṃ.
308在那里,名与色无余灭尽。
‘‘Yattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;
309在此了知您所说法后,他们便斩断了有结。
Taṃ te dhammaṃ idhaññāya, acchiduṃ bhavabandhana’’nti.
310你所说的话深邃,难以解了,极难觉悟;
‘‘Gambhīraṃ bhāsasī vācaṃ, dubbijānaṃ sudubbudhaṃ;
311你了知谁的法,而说出如此话语?
Kassa tvaṃ dhammamaññāya, vācaṃ bhāsasi īdisa’’nti.
312过去,我曾在韦迦林格作陶匠,名叫伽帝迦罗;
‘‘Kumbhakāro pure āsiṃ, vekaḷiṅge ghaṭīkaro;
313我奉养父母,为迦叶佛的优婆塞。
Mātāpettibharo āsiṃ, kassapassa upāsako.
314我远离淫欲法,行持梵行,清净无染;
Virato methunā dhammā, brahmacārī nirāmiso;
315我与你曾同住一村,也曾是你往昔的同伴;
Ahuvā te sagāmeyyo, ahuvā te pure sakhā.
316我确知这七位比丘已得解脱,
‘‘Sohamete pajānāmi, vimutte satta bhikkhavo;
317贪与嗔灭尽无余,便度越了世间的贪染。
Rāgadosaparikkhīṇe, tiṇṇe loke visattika’’nti.
318跋伽婆,正如你所说,那时正是如此。
‘‘Evametaṃ tadā āsi, yathā bhāsasi bhaggava;
319往昔,在韦迦林伽,有一位陶师,名叫伽帝迦罗。
Kumbhakāro pure āsi, vekaḷiṅge ghaṭīkaro.
320你曾奉养父母,是迦叶佛的近事男;
‘‘Mātāpettibharo āsi, kassapassa upāsako;
321你远离了淫欲之法,修习梵行,无欲无染。
‘‘Virato methunā dhammā, brahmacārī nirāmiso;
322你曾是我的同乡,你曾是我昔日的友伴。
Ahuvā me sagāmeyyo, ahuvā me pure sakhā’’ti.
323确实如此,往昔故交再会,正是这般。
‘‘Evametaṃ purāṇānaṃ, sahāyānaṃ ahu saṅgamo;
324两者皆已修持圆满,各持其最后身。
Ubhinnaṃ bhāvitattānaṃ, sarīrantimadhārina’’nti.
3255. 然度经
5. Jantusuttaṃ
106如是我闻:一时,众多比丘住在憍萨罗国雪山边的一间林间小屋。他们躁动不安、骄慢轻浮,多嘴多舌、言语散漫,忘失正念,不正知,心不专注,心神散乱,根门不护。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ sambahulā bhikkhū, kosalesu viharanti himavantapasse araññakuṭikāya uddhatā unnaḷā capalā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā muṭṭhassatino asampajānā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā pākatindriyā.
327那时,在十五日的布萨日,江都天子来到那些比丘之处,以偈颂对他们说:
Atha kho jantu devaputto tadahuposathe pannarase yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
328过去,乔达摩的弟子比丘们曾安乐而住,
‘‘Sukhajīvino pure āsuṃ, bhikkhū gotamasāvakā;
329他们乞食无所希求,安住处亦无所希求;
Anicchā piṇḍamesanā , anicchā sayanāsanaṃ;
330了知世间无常后,他们便止息了苦。
Loke aniccataṃ ñatvā, dukkhassantaṃ akaṃsu te.
331如今,他们令自身难以供养,犹如村落里的村主;
‘‘Dupposaṃ katvā attānaṃ, gāme gāmaṇikā viya;
332饱食便倒卧不起,于他人宅中沉湎贪着。
Bhutvā bhutvā nipajjanti, parāgāresu mucchitā.
333我合掌礼敬僧团已,今于此处说及某些人:
‘‘Saṅghassa añjaliṃ katvā, idhekacce vadāmahaṃ ;
334他们被遗弃,无有救护,如同饿鬼无异。
Apaviddhā anāthā te, yathā petā tatheva te .
335那些放逸而住的人,我这话是对他们说的;
‘‘Ye kho pamattā viharanti, te me sandhāya bhāsitaṃ;
336那些不放逸而住的人,我向他们礼敬。
Ye appamattā viharanti, namo tesaṃ karomaha’’nti.
3376. 罗希塔舍经
6. Rohitassasuttaṃ
107在舍卫城。罗希塔舍天子立于一旁,对世尊这样说:“尊者!在那个不生、不老、不死、不逝去、不转生的地方,能否以行走了知、见到、到达世界的尽头呢?”“贤友,我说,那不生、不老、不死、不逝去、不转生之处——世界的尽头,是无法以行走了知、见到、到达的。”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho rohitasso devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yattha nu kho, bhante, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, sakkā nu kho so, bhante, gamanena lokassa anto ñātuṃ vā daṭṭhuṃ vā pāpuṇituṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’ti.
339“真是稀有啊,尊者!真是奇妙啊,尊者!世尊所言,真是善妙:‘贤友,我说,在那不生、不老、不死、不逝去、不转生的地方,无法靠着行走了知、见到、到达世界的尽头。’”
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – ‘yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’’ti.
340“尊者,过去世我曾是名为罗希塔舍的仙人,博佳之子,具足神通,能腾空而行。尊者,我的速度之快,就像一位膂力强劲、训练有素、技艺纯熟、经验丰富的弓箭手,轻巧地用一支轻箭射穿棕榈树的树影。尊者,我的步伐跨度之广,则如从东海一步跨至西海。尊者,拥有那样的速度与跨度,我心中生起如是愿望:‘我将以步行到达世界的尽头。’尊者,我具备那样的速度,那样的跨度,除了饮食、嚼食、品尝、大小便利,以及消除睡眠与疲劳之外,我一生活了一百年,行走了一百年,未能到达世界的尽头,便在途中死去了。”
‘‘Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhante, rohitasso nāma isi ahosiṃ bhojaputto iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpo javo ahosi; seyyathāpi nāma daḷhadhammā dhanuggaho susikkhito katahattho katayoggo katūpāsano lahukena asanena appakasireneva tiriyaṃ tālacchāyaṃ atipāteyya. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpo padavītihāro ahosi; seyyathāpi nāma puratthimā samuddā pacchimo samuddo. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evarūpaṃ icchāgataṃ uppajji – ‘ahaṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ pāpuṇissāmī’ti. So khvāhaṃ, bhante, evarūpena javena samannāgato evarūpena ca padavītihārena aññatreva asita-pīta-khāyita-sāyitā aññatra uccāra-passāvakammā aññatra niddākilamathapaṭivinodanā vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī vassasataṃ gantvā appatvāva lokassa antaṃ antarāva kālaṅkato.
341“真是稀有啊,尊者!真是奇妙啊,尊者!世尊此言说得实在太好了:‘朋友,在那无生、无老、无死、无逝、无转生之处,凭行走而了知、见到、到达世界的尽头,我说那是办不到的。’”
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvasubhāsitamidaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā – ‘yattha kho, āvuso, na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ daṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’ti.
342然而,朋友,我并非说不抵达世间尽头,便能将苦穷尽。朋友,正是在此一寻长、有想有识的躯体内,我施设世间、世间的集起、世间的灭尽,以及导向世间灭尽的道途。
‘‘Na kho panāhaṃ, āvuso, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmi. Api ca khvāhaṃ, āvuso, imasmiṃyeva byāmamatte kaḷevare sasaññimhi samanake lokañca paññapemi lokasamudayañca lokanirodhañca lokanirodhagāminiñca paṭipadanti.
343世间尽头,终非行走所能抵达。
‘‘Gamanena na pattabbo, lokassanto kudācanaṃ;
344然而,若不抵达世间尽头,便无从苦中解脱。
Na ca appatvā lokantaṃ, dukkhā atthi pamocanaṃ.
345因此,那通达世间、具足智慧者,
‘‘Tasmā have lokavidū sumedho,
346已抵达世间尽头、圆满了梵行的人——
Lokantagū vusitabrahmacariyo;
347寂静者了知世间边际,
Lokassa antaṃ samitāvi ñatvā,
348对此世与他世便无期盼。
Nāsīsati lokamimaṃ parañcā’’ti.
349第七 难陀经
7. Nandasuttaṃ
108难陀天子站在一旁,于世尊面前说出此偈:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho nando devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
351时光流逝,暗夜飞驰,
‘‘Accenti kālā tarayanti rattiyo,
352青春年华渐次凋谢而去;
Vayoguṇā anupubbaṃ jahanti;
353见到死亡中的这怖畏,
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
354你们应当行持能带来安乐的诸善德。
Puññāni kayirātha sukhāvahānī’’ti.
355时光流逝,夜晚飞驰,
‘‘Accenti kālā tarayanti rattiyo,
356青春的特质渐次退失;
Vayoguṇā anupubbaṃ jahanti;
357见到死亡中的这种怖畏,
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
358应舍弃世间的诱惑,成为寻求寂静者。
Lokāmisaṃ pajahe santipekkho’’ti.
3598. 难地维沙喇经
8. Nandivisālasuttaṃ
109难地维沙喇天子立于一旁,以偈颂对世尊说:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho nandivisālo devaputto bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
361它有四轮、九门,为贪欲所充满、所系缚。
‘‘Catucakkaṃ navadvāraṃ, puṇṇaṃ lobhena saṃyutaṃ;
362生于污泥之中,大雄,要如何继续前行?
Paṅkajātaṃ mahāvīra, kathaṃ yātrā bhavissatī’’ti.
363切断绑带与皮带——那邪恶的欲与贪,
‘‘Chetvā naddhiṃ varattañca, icchālobhañca pāpakaṃ;
364连根拔除渴爱,如此便能继续前行。
Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, evaṃ yātrā bhavissatī’’ti.
365第9 须深经
9. Susimasuttaṃ
110舍卫城因缘。那时,具寿阿难前往世尊的住处,抵达后,向世尊礼敬,坐于一面。世尊对坐在一面的具寿阿难说:“阿难,舍利弗也让你称心吗?”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘tuyhampi no, ānanda, sāriputto ruccatī’’ti?
367“尊者,若非愚者、嗔者、痴者、心颠倒者,又有谁会不觉得具寿舍利弗称心呢?尊者,具寿舍利弗是贤者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是大慧者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是广慧者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是喜慧者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是速慧者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是利慧者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是抉慧者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是少欲者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是知足者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是远离者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是不与杂处者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是精进勇猛者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是说法者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是堪受言说者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是教诫者。尊者,具寿舍利弗是揭恶者。尊者,若非愚者、嗔者、痴者、心颠倒者,又有谁会不觉得具寿舍利弗称心呢?”
‘‘Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyya? Paṇḍito, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto . Mahāpañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Puthupañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Hāsapañño , bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Javanapañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Tikkhapañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Nibbedhikapañño, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Appiccho, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Santuṭṭho, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Pavivitto, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Asaṃsaṭṭho, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Āraddhavīriyo, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Vattā, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Vacanakkhamo, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Codako, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Pāpagarahī, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyyā’’ti?
368正是如此,阿难,正是如此,阿难!阿难,对于不愚痴、不嗔恚、不痴惑、心不颠倒的人,舍利弗怎会不令其欢喜呢?阿难,舍利弗是贤智者。阿难,舍利弗是大慧者。阿难,舍利弗是广慧者。阿难,舍利弗是喜慧者。阿难,舍利弗是速慧者。阿难,舍利弗是锐慧者。阿难,舍利弗是洞彻慧者。阿难,舍利弗是少欲者。阿难,舍利弗是知足者。阿难,舍利弗是乐远离者。阿难,舍利弗是不乐杂处者。阿难,舍利弗是精进勇猛者。阿难,舍利弗是善说法者。阿难,舍利弗是能堪忍言教者。阿难,舍利弗是善教诫者。阿难,舍利弗是能呵责恶者。对于不愚痴、不嗔恚、不痴惑、心不颠倒的人,舍利弗怎会不令其欢喜呢?
‘‘Evametaṃ , ānanda, evametaṃ, ānanda! Kassa hi nāma, ānanda, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa sāriputto na rucceyya? Paṇḍito, ānanda, sāriputto. Mahāpañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Puthupañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Hāsapañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Javanapañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Tikkhapañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Nibbedhikapañño, ānanda, sāriputto. Appiccho, ānanda, sāriputto. Santuṭṭho, ānanda, sāriputto. Pavivitto, ānanda, sāriputto. Asaṃsaṭṭho, ānanda, sāriputto. Āraddhavīriyo, ānanda, sāriputto. Vattā, ānanda, sāriputto. Vacanakkhamo, ānanda, sāriputto . Codako, ānanda, sāriputto. Pāpagarahī, ānanda, sāriputto. Kassa hi nāma, ānanda, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa sāriputto na rucceyyā’’ti?
369那时,正当这些对舍利弗尊者的赞叹在宣说时,苏思摩天子在众多天子的围绕下,来到世尊跟前。他顶礼世尊后,退立一旁。立于一旁的苏思摩天子对世尊这样说:
Atha kho susimo devaputto āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne mahatiyā devaputtaparisāya parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho susimo devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
370“正是这样,世尊!正是这样,善逝!尊者,有哪一个不愚痴、不嗔恚、不迷乱、心不颠倒的人,会不欢喜舍利弗尊者呢?尊者,舍利弗尊者是有智慧者。尊者,是大智慧者。尊者,是智慧广博者。尊者,是机智者。尊者,是智慧敏捷者。尊者,是智慧锐利者。尊者,是智慧洞察者。尊者,是少欲者。尊者,是知足者。尊者,是远离者。尊者,是不攀缘者。尊者,是精进不懈者。尊者,是善说者。尊者,是堪受批评者。尊者,是善举过失者。尊者,是呵责恶法者。尊者,有哪一个不愚痴、不嗔恚、不迷乱、心不颠倒的人,会不欢喜舍利弗尊者呢?”
‘‘Evametaṃ , bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyya? Paṇḍito, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Mahāpañño, bhante, puthupañño, bhante, hāsapañño, bhante, javanapañño, bhante, tikkhapañño, bhante, nibbedhikapañño, bhante, appiccho, bhante, santuṭṭho, bhante, pavivitto, bhante, asaṃsaṭṭho, bhante, āraddhavīriyo, bhante, vattā, bhante, vacanakkhamo, bhante, codako, bhante, pāpagarahī, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto. Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyya?
371“尊者,无论我前往哪一天众集会,听到最多的声音便是:‘舍利弗尊者是智者,是大智慧者,是广博智慧者,是机智者,是敏捷智慧者,是锐利智慧者,是洞察智慧者;是少欲者,是知足者,是远离者,是不攀缘者,是精进努力者,是善说理者,是堪受批评者,是善指过失者,是呵责罪恶者。’”
‘‘Ahampi hi, bhante, yaññadeva devaputtaparisaṃ upasaṅkamiṃ, etadeva bahulaṃ saddaṃ suṇāmi – ‘paṇḍito āyasmā sāriputto; mahāpañño āyasmā, puthupañño āyasmā, hāsapañño āyasmā, javanapañño āyasmā, tikkhapañño āyasmā, nibbedhikapañño āyasmā, appiccho āyasmā, santuṭṭho āyasmā, pavivitto āyasmā, asaṃsaṭṭho āyasmā, āraddhavīriyo āyasmā, vattā āyasmā, vacanakkhamo āyasmā, codako āyasmā, pāpagarahī āyasmā sāriputto’ti . Kassa hi nāma, bhante, abālassa aduṭṭhassa amūḷhassa avipallatthacittassa āyasmā sāriputto na rucceyyā’’ti?
372那时,当这些对舍利弗尊者的赞叹正被说出时,须斯摩天子的天众们欣悦、欢喜,心生欣喜与喜悦,显现出种种高低起伏、色彩斑斓的辉光。
Atha kho susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
373犹如一颗质地纯净、天然妙好、有八面、经过精细琢磨的琉璃宝石,被放在淡红色的绒毯上,它会闪烁、会照耀、会璀璨放光;同样,当赞叹舍利弗尊者的话语被说出时,须斯摩天子的天众们欣悦、欢喜,心生欣喜与喜悦,显现出种种高低起伏、色彩斑斓的辉光。
‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato paṇḍukambale nikkhitto bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
374正如一块精美的阎浮檀金,经善巧金匠之子在熔炉口悉心锻造,置于淡红色的绒毯上,那般闪耀、辉映、光芒四射;同样地,当赞叹舍利弗尊者时,须斯摩天子的天众们心满意足,欢喜踊跃,喜悦充满,展现出种种绚丽的光辉。
‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma nikkhaṃ jambonadaṃ dakkhakammāraputtaukkāmukhasukusalasampahaṭṭhaṃ paṇḍukambale nikkhittaṃ bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
375正如秋日晴空,万里无云,在黎明之时,晨星闪耀、辉映、光芒四射;同样地,当赞叹舍利弗尊者时,须斯摩天子的天众们心满意足,欢喜踊跃,喜悦充满,展现出种种绚丽的光辉。
‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma saradasamaye viddhe vigatavalāhake deve rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ osadhitārakā bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
376正如秋日晴空,万里无云,太阳升上苍穹,驱散一切虚空中的黑暗,那般闪耀、辉映、光芒四射;同样地,当赞叹舍利弗尊者时,须斯摩天子的天众们心满意足,欢喜踊跃,喜悦充满,展现出种种绚丽的光辉。
‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma saradasamaye viddhe vigatavalāhake deve ādicco nabhaṃ abbhussakkamāno sabbaṃ ākāsagataṃ tamagataṃ abhivihacca bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca; evamevaṃ susimassa devaputtassa devaputtaparisā āyasmato sāriputtassa vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attamanā pamuditā pītisomanassajātā uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti.
377那时,须斯摩天子在世尊面前,就舍利弗尊者之事诵出此偈:
Atha kho susimo devaputto āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
378众人称他为智者,舍利弗,无有嗔怒;
‘‘Paṇḍitoti samaññāto, sāriputto akodhano;
379少欲、柔和、善调伏,这位牟尼在导师的称赞中闪耀。
Appiccho sorato danto, satthuvaṇṇābhato isī’’ti.
380那时,世尊以一首关于尊者舍利弗的偈颂,回答须斯摩天子:
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ ārabbha susimaṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –
381“他以智者著称,舍利弗,无有嗔怒;
‘‘Paṇḍitoti samaññāto, sāriputto akodhano;
382少欲、温和、已得调伏,这位善调御者静待其时。”
Appiccho sorato danto, kālaṃ kaṅkhati sudanto’’ ti.
383种种外道弟子经
10. Nānātitthiyasāvakasuttaṃ
111如是我闻:一时,世尊住王舍城竹林栗鼠饲养处。那时,长杖天子于深夜时分,容色殊胜,光明照亮整片竹林,来到世尊前。到后,礼敬世尊,立于一旁。立于一旁的长杖天子以偈颂问世尊:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho dīghalaṭṭhi devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ veḷuvanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho dīghalaṭṭhi devaputto bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
385于此,砍杀伤残、殴打劫掠,迦叶
‘‘Idha chinditamārite, hatajānīsu kassapo;
386不见任何恶行,也不见自己的功德;
Na pāpaṃ samanupassati, puññaṃ vā pana attano;
387他所宣说的确实可信,作为导师,他应受尊敬。”
Sa ve vissāsamācikkhi, satthā arahati mānana’’nti.
388那时,沙哈利天子在世尊面前,就末伽梨·瞿舍罗而说此偈:
Atha kho sahali devaputto makkhaliṃ gosālaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
389以苦行与厌离,善自防护;
‘‘Tapojigucchāya susaṃvutatto,
390舍离与人纷争的言语;
Vācaṃ pahāya kalahaṃ janena;
391远离妄语,是真实语者;
Samosavajjā virato saccavādī,
392如此之人,定不会造作恶业。
Na hi nūna tādisaṃ karoti pāpa’’nti.
393那时,尼科天子就着尼乾陀·若提子之事,在世尊面前宣说了此偈:
Atha kho nīko devaputto nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
394这位比丘厌离恶行、明智警觉,以四重防护善自约束,
‘‘Jegucchī nipako bhikkhu, cātuyāmasusaṃvuto;
395讲述他的所见所闻,他又怎会是行恶之人呢?
Diṭṭhaṃ sutañca ācikkhaṃ, na hi nūna kibbisī siyā’’ti.
396那时,阿果达果天子在世尊面前,就诸多外道师说了此偈颂:
Atha kho ākoṭako devaputto nānātitthiye ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
397波浮陀迦旃延、尼乾陀,以及这位持竹杖的苦行者与富兰那——他们是众中之师、成就的沙门,想必离真正的善士不远吧!
‘‘Pakudhako kātiyāno nigaṇṭho,
398还有这些末伽梨、富兰那之辈,
Ye cāpime makkhalipūraṇāse;
399身居大众之师,已达沙门性者,
Gaṇassa satthāro sāmaññappattā,
400他们确实离善士不远。
Na hi nūna te sappurisehi dūre’’ti.
401那时,韦伽跋利天子以偈颂回答阿拘吒迦天子:
Atha kho vegabbhari devaputto ākoṭakaṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –
402“卑劣的豺狼,就算结伴同行,”
‘‘Sahācaritena chavo sigālo ,
403也永远不及狮子;
Na kotthuko sīhasamo kadāci;
404裸形者、妄语者、众人的导师,
Naggo musāvādī gaṇassa satthā,
405行迹可疑,不足与善士相比。
Saṅkassarācāro na sataṃ sarikkho’’ti.
406那时,邪恶的魔罗附在贝嘎巴利天子身上,于世尊面前诵出此偈:
Atha kho māro pāpimā begabbhariṃ devaputtaṃ anvāvisitvā bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
407“那些致力于苦行与厌离、守护独处的人,”
‘‘Tapojigucchāya āyuttā, pālayaṃ pavivekiyaṃ;
408“那些执著于色、沉醉于天界快乐的人,”
Rūpe ca ye niviṭṭhāse, devalokābhinandino;
409“他们确实正确地教导来世之事。”
Te ve sammānusāsanti, paralokāya mātiyā’’ti.
410那时,世尊了知:“这是邪恶的魔罗”,便以偈颂回应邪恶的魔罗:
Atha kho bhagavā, ‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’ iti viditvā, māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –
4111. 第一品
1. Paṭhamavaggo
412凡在此世或他世,无论何种色相,
‘‘Ye keci rūpā idha vā huraṃ vā,
413以及虚空中那些光彩照人的,
Ye cantalikkhasmiṃ pabhāsavaṇṇā;
414这一切都是你——魔王所赞叹的,
Sabbeva te te namucippasatthā,
415犹如为杀害鱼群而投下的诱饵。」
Āmisaṃva macchānaṃ vadhāya khittā’’ti.
416那时,摩那婆伽弥亚天子在世尊面前,就世尊而说了这些偈颂:
Atha kho māṇavagāmiyo devaputto bhagavantaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
417王舍城诸山之中,毗富罗山被称为最胜;
‘‘Vipulo rājagahīyānaṃ, giriseṭṭho pavuccati;
418于雪山中,塞多山最为殊胜;于空行者中,太阳最为殊胜。
Seto himavataṃ seṭṭho, ādicco aghagāminaṃ.
419于诸水中,大海最为殊胜;于星宿中,月亮最为殊胜。
‘‘Samuddo udadhinaṃ seṭṭho, nakkhattānañca candimā ;
420在包含诸天的一切世间中,佛陀被尊为至上。
Sadevakassa lokassa, buddho aggo pavuccatī’’ti.
421其摄颂曰:
Tassuddānaṃ –
422诸外道品第三
Nānātitthiyavaggo tatiyo.
423其摄颂:
Tassuddānaṃ –
424希瓦、安稳、塞利、嘎提、江度、罗希多。
Sivo khemo ca serī ca, ghaṭī jantu ca rohito;
425南多、欢喜广与苏思摩,及种种外道经,合为十部。
Nando nandivisālo ca, susimo nānātitthiyena te dasāti.
426天子相应圆满。
Devaputtasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.