MN 81 · 嘎帝咖拉经
282如是我闻：有一次，世尊与一个大比丘僧团一起，在国憍萨罗境内游行。那时，世尊离开道路，在一个地方露出了微笑。那时，阿难尊者心里想：“世尊露出微笑，到底是什么原因、什么因缘呢？诸佛世尊是不会无缘无故露出微笑的。”于是，阿难尊者把袈裟搭在一肩，向世尊合掌致敬，对世尊这样说：“尊者，世尊露出微笑，是什么原因、什么因缘呢？诸佛世尊是不会无缘无故露出微笑的。”“阿难，在过去，这个地方有一个名叫韦嘎喇林嘎的村镇，它很富足、繁荣，人口众多，居民稠密。阿难，迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者就依傍着韦嘎喇林嘎村镇居住。就是在这里，阿难，过去迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寺院所在地。就是在这里，阿难，过去迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者坐着教导比丘僧团。”于是，阿难尊者将大衣折成四叠铺好，对世尊这样说：“既然这样，尊者，请世尊坐在这里。这样，这块地方就等于被两位阿拉汉、正自觉者使用过了。”世尊坐在了铺好的座位上。坐下后，世尊对阿难尊者说：
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ. Atha kho bhagavā maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ padese sitaṃ pātvākāsi. Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi – ‘‘ko nu kho hetu, ko paccayo bhagavato sitassa pātukammāya? Na akāraṇena tathāgatā sitaṃ pātukarontī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo bhagavato sitassa pātukammāya? Na akāraṇena tathāgatā sitaṃ pātukarontī’’ti. ‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, ānanda, imasmiṃ padese vegaḷiṅgaṃ nāma gāmanigamo ahosi iddho ceva phīto ca bahujano ākiṇṇamanusso. Vegaḷiṅgaṃ kho, ānanda, gāmanigamaṃ kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho upanissāya vihāsi. Idha sudaṃ, ānanda, kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ārāmo ahosi. Idha sudaṃ, ānanda, kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho nisinnako bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ovadatī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññapetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tena hi, bhante, bhagavā nisīdatu ettha. Ayaṃ bhūmipadeso dvīhi arahantehi sammāsambuddhehi paribhutto bhavissatī’’ti. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi –
2“阿难，在过去，这里曾有一个名叫韦嘎喇林嘎的村镇，它很富足、繁荣，人口众多，居民稠密。阿难，迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者就依傍着韦嘎喇林嘎村镇居住。就是在这里，阿难，过去迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寺院所在地。就是在这里，阿难，过去迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者坐着教导比丘僧团。”
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, ānanda, imasmiṃ padese vegaḷiṅgaṃ nāma gāmanigamo ahosi iddho ceva phīto ca bahujano ākiṇṇamanusso. Vegaḷiṅgaṃ kho, ānanda, gāmanigamaṃ kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho upanissāya vihāsi. Idha sudaṃ, ānanda, kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ārāmo ahosi. Idha sudaṃ, ānanda, kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho nisinnako bhikkhusaṅghaṃ ovadati.
283“阿难，在韦嘎喇林嘎村镇，有一位名叫嘎帝咖拉的陶师，他是迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的侍者，是首要的侍者。阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉有一位名叫乔帝巴喇的青年朋友，是他要好的朋友。那时，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉对青年乔帝巴喇说：‘来吧，亲爱的乔帝巴喇，我们去拜见迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者。我认为，得见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，是很好的事。’听了这话，阿难，青年乔帝巴喇对陶师嘎帝咖拉说：‘够了，亲爱的嘎帝咖拉。为什么要去见那个秃头沙门呢？’第二次，阿难……乃至……第三次，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉对青年乔帝巴喇这样说：‘来吧，亲爱的乔帝巴喇，我们去拜见迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者。我认为，得见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，是很好的事。’第三次，阿难，青年乔帝巴喇对陶师嘎帝咖拉仍然这样说：‘够了，亲爱的嘎帝咖拉。为什么要去见那个秃头沙门呢？’‘既然这样，亲爱的乔帝巴喇，我们拿着沐浴用的擦身粉，到河里去洗澡吧。’‘好的，朋友。’阿难，青年乔帝巴喇回应了陶师嘎帝咖拉。于是，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉和青年乔帝巴喇就拿着擦身粉，到河里洗澡去了。”
‘‘Vegaḷiṅge kho, ānanda, gāmanigame ghaṭikāro nāma kumbhakāro kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Ghaṭikārassa kho, ānanda, kumbhakārassa jotipālo nāma māṇavo sahāyo ahosi piyasahāyo. Atha kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro jotipālaṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi – ‘āyāma, samma jotipāla, kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāma. Sādhusammatañhi me tassa bhagavato dassanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’ti. Evaṃ vutte, ānanda, jotipālo māṇavo ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ etadavoca – ‘alaṃ, samma ghaṭikāra. Kiṃ pana tena muṇḍakena samaṇakena diṭṭhenā’ti? Dutiyampi kho, ānanda…pe… tatiyampi kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro jotipālaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca – ‘āyāma, samma jotipāla, kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāma. Sādhusammatañhi me tassa bhagavato dassanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’ti. Tatiyampi kho, ānanda, jotipālo māṇavo ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ etadavoca – ‘alaṃ, samma ghaṭikāra. Kiṃ pana tena muṇḍakena samaṇakena diṭṭhenā’ti? ‘Tena hi, samma jotipāla, sottisināniṃ ādāya nadiṃ gamissāma sināyitu’nti. ‘Evaṃ sammā’ti kho, ānanda, jotipālo māṇavo ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa paccassosi. Atha kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro ca kumbhakāro jotipālo ca māṇavo sottisināniṃ ādāya nadiṃ agamaṃsu sināyituṃ’.
284“那时，阿难，洗完澡上岸后，陶师嘎帝咖拉对青年乔帝巴喇这样说：‘亲爱的乔帝巴喇，迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寺院就在不远的地方。来吧，亲爱的乔帝巴喇，我们去拜见迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者。我认为，得见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，是很好的事。’听了这话，阿难，青年乔帝巴喇对陶师嘎帝咖拉说：‘够了，亲爱的嘎帝咖拉。为什么要去见那个秃头沙门呢？’第二次，阿难……乃至……第三次，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉对青年乔帝巴喇这样说：‘亲爱的乔帝巴喇，迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寺院就在不远的地方。来吧，亲爱的乔帝巴喇，我们去拜见迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者……’第三次，阿难，青年乔帝巴喇对陶师嘎帝咖拉仍然这样说：‘够了，亲爱的嘎帝咖拉。为什么要去见那个秃头沙门呢？’于是，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉抓住了青年乔帝巴喇的腰带，这样说：‘亲爱的乔帝巴喇，迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寺院就在不远的地方。来吧，亲爱的乔帝巴喇，我们去拜见迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者。我认为，得见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，是很好的事。’那时，阿难，青年乔帝巴喇把腰带解下来，回过来对陶师嘎帝咖拉说：‘够了，亲爱的嘎帝咖拉。为什么要去见那个秃头沙门呢？’接着，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉就抓住刚洗完头的青年乔帝巴喇的头发，这样说：‘亲爱的乔帝巴喇，迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寺院就在不远的地方。来吧，亲爱的乔帝巴喇，我们去拜见迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者。我认为，得见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，是很好的事。’那时，阿难，青年乔帝巴喇心里这样想：‘这真是稀有啊！这真是不可思议啊！这位陶师嘎帝咖拉，出身是这么低微，竟敢在我们刚洗完头的时候，认为可以抓我们的头发。这事肯定非同小可。’他便对陶师嘎帝咖拉说：‘亲爱的嘎帝咖拉，你非要坚持到这个地步吗？’‘亲爱的乔帝巴喇，我非要坚持到这个地步。因为，我确实认为，得见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，是很好的事。’‘既然这样，亲爱的嘎帝咖拉，放开我吧。我们这就去。’
‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro jotipālaṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi – ‘ayaṃ, samma jotipāla, kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa avidūre ārāmo. Āyāma, samma jotipāla, kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāma. Sādhusammatañhi me tassa bhagavato dassanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’ti. Evaṃ vutte, ānanda, jotipālo māṇavo ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ etadavoca – ‘alaṃ, samma ghaṭikāra. Kiṃ pana tena muṇḍakena samaṇakena diṭṭhenā’ti? Dutiyampi kho, ānanda…pe… tatiyampi kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro jotipālaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca – ‘ayaṃ, samma jotipāla, kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa avidūre ārāmo. Āyāma, samma jotipāla, kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāma. Sādhusammatañhi me tassa bhagavato dassanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’ti. Tatiyampi kho, ānanda, jotipālo māṇavo ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ etadavoca – ‘alaṃ, samma ghaṭikāra. Kiṃ pana tena muṇḍakena samaṇakena diṭṭhenā’ti? Atha kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro jotipālaṃ māṇavaṃ ovaṭṭikāyaṃ parāmasitvā etadavoca – ‘ayaṃ, samma jotipāla, kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa avidūre ārāmo. Āyāma, samma jotipāla, kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāma. Sādhusammatañhi me tassa bhagavato dassanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, jotipālo māṇavo ovaṭṭikaṃ vinivaṭṭetvā ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ etadavoca – ‘alaṃ, samma ghaṭikāra. Kiṃ pana tena muṇḍakena samaṇakena diṭṭhenā’ti? Atha kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro jotipālaṃ māṇavaṃ sīsaṃnhātaṃ kesesu parāmasitvā etadavoca – ‘ayaṃ, samma jotipāla, kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa avidūre ārāmo. Āyāma, samma jotipāla, kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāma . Sādhusammatañhi me tassa bhagavato dassanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, jotipālassa māṇavassa etadahosi – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho! Yatra hi nāmāyaṃ ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro ittarajacco samāno amhākaṃ sīsaṃnhātānaṃ kesesu parāmasitabbaṃ maññissati; na vatidaṃ kira orakaṃ maññe bhavissatī’ti; ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ etadavoca – ‘yāvatādohipi , samma ghaṭikārā’ti? ‘Yāvatādohipi, samma jotipāla. Tathā hi pana me sādhusammataṃ tassa bhagavato dassanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma ghaṭikāra, muñca; gamissāmā’ti.
285“于是，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉和青年乔帝巴喇就去见迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者。到了之后，陶师嘎帝咖拉向迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者顶礼，然后坐在一边。青年乔帝巴喇则与迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者互相问候致意，谈了些礼貌、亲切的话之后，也坐在一边。坐在一边后，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉对迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者这样说：‘尊者，这位是我的朋友，我要好的朋友——青年乔帝巴喇。请世尊为他说法。’于是，阿难，迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者用佛法开示，教导、激励、鼓舞了陶师嘎帝咖拉和青年乔帝巴喇，使他们欢喜。那时，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉和青年乔帝巴喇在得到迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者用佛法开示、教导、激励、鼓舞之后，对迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者所说的话感到欢喜、随喜，便从座位起身，向迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者顶礼，右绕之后离开了。”
‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro ca kumbhakāro jotipālo ca māṇavo yena kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Jotipālo pana māṇavo kassapena bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘ayaṃ me, bhante, jotipālo māṇavo sahāyo piyasahāyo. Imassa bhagavā dhammaṃ desetū’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho ghaṭikārañca kumbhakāraṃ jotipālañca māṇavaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro ca kumbhakāro jotipālo ca māṇavo kassapena bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu.
286“那时，阿难，青年乔帝巴喇对陶师嘎帝咖拉这样说：‘亲爱的嘎帝咖拉，你听闻了这样的法，难道还不从在家生活出家，过无家生活吗？’‘亲爱的乔帝巴喇，难道你不知道吗？我要奉养我那年老失明的父母啊。’‘既然这样，亲爱的嘎帝咖拉，那我就从在家生活出家，去过无家生活了。’于是，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉和青年乔帝巴喇又一起去见迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者。到了之后，向迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者顶礼，坐在一边。坐在一边后，阿难，陶师嘎帝咖拉对迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者这样说：‘尊者，这位是我的朋友，我要好的朋友——青年乔帝巴喇。请世尊度他出家。’阿难，青年乔帝巴喇便在迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者座下获得了出家，获得了具足戒。”
‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, jotipālo māṇavo ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ etadavoca – ‘imaṃ nu tvaṃ, samma ghaṭikāra, dhammaṃ suṇanto atha ca pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ na pabbajissasī’ti? ‘Nanu maṃ, samma jotipāla, jānāsi, andhe jiṇṇe mātāpitaro posemī’ti? ‘Tena hi, samma ghaṭikāra, ahaṃ agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissāmī’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro ca kumbhakāro jotipālo ca māṇavo yena kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu ; upasaṅkamitvā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho, ānanda, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘ayaṃ me, bhante, jotipālo māṇavo sahāyo piyasahāyo. Imaṃ bhagavā pabbājetū’ti. Alattha kho, ānanda, jotipālo māṇavo kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ.
287那时，阿难，迦叶世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，在乔帝巴喇学童受具足戒不久——还不过半个月，在韦嘎喇林嘎随心住了一段时间后，便启程向波罗奈方向游化。他一路次第游化，最后抵达了波罗奈，住在仙人落处的鹿野苑。阿难，迦尸王奇奇听说了：‘听说迦叶世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者到了波罗奈，住在仙人落处的鹿野苑。’于是，阿难，迦尸王奇奇命人备好各式上好的车乘，自己登上一辆最好的车，带着大批王室威仪，乘坐一辆又一辆上好的车乘出了波罗奈城，前去拜见迦叶世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。马车行到路的尽头，他便下车，步行来到迦叶世尊面前，向迦叶世尊礼敬后，坐在一边。阿难，迦尸王奇奇坐下后，迦叶世尊便以法语开示他、劝勉他、鼓舞他、令他欢喜。那时，阿难，奇奇国王得到了迦叶世尊的法语开示、劝勉、鼓舞与欢喜，便对世尊说：‘尊者，请世尊和比丘僧团明天接受我的饭食供养。’阿难，迦叶世尊以沉默表示接受。奇奇国王知道世尊接受了，便从座起身，向迦叶世尊礼敬，右绕之后离去。当夜过后，奇奇国王在自己的宫殿里备好了精美的硬食与软食，尤其是去了黑粒的精白米饭，配上种种汤和菜肴。他派人去向迦叶世尊禀报时间：‘尊者，时候到了，饭食已经备好。’
‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho acirūpasampanne jotipāle māṇave aḍḍhamāsupasampanne vegaḷiṅge yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bārāṇasī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bārāṇasī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ, ānanda, kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye . Assosi kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā – ‘kassapo kira bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bārāṇasiṃ anuppatto bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā bhadrāni bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi bārāṇasiyā niyyāsi mahaccarājānubhāvena kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ dassanāya. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho, ānanda, kikiṃ kāsirājānaṃ kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā kassapena bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’ti. Adhivāsesi kho, ānanda, kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā kassapassa bhagavato sammāsambuddhassa adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā tassā rattiyā accayena sake nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā paṇḍupuṭakassa sālino vigatakāḷakaṃ anekasūpaṃ anekabyañjanaṃ, kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’nti.
288于是，阿难，迦叶世尊在上午，穿好下衣，拿着钵与衣，来到迦尸王奇奇的宫殿。到了之后，与比丘僧团一起在铺设好的座位上坐下。阿难，奇奇国王亲手以精美的硬食、软食，亲手供奉以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，尽心供养，使大家都满足而饱足。阿难，当迦叶世尊吃完、放下钵，奇奇国王便拿了一张较低的座席，坐在一边。坐定后，他对迦叶世尊说：‘尊者，世尊，请接受我在波罗奈的雨安居，我会这样地供养僧团。’世尊回答：‘够了，大王，我已经定好了雨安居的住所。’第二次，阿难……第三次，奇奇国王又对迦叶世尊说：‘尊者，世尊，请接受我在波罗奈的雨安居，我会这样地供养僧团。’世尊仍然回答：‘够了，大王，我已经定好了雨安居的住所。’阿难，那时，奇奇国王心里生起了不满，起了忧愁：‘迦叶世尊不接受我在波罗奈的雨安居。’于是他问迦叶世尊：‘尊者，难道还有其他人比我对您更护持吗？’
‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena kikissa kāsirañño nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ; evarūpaṃ saṅghassa upaṭṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’ti. ‘Alaṃ, mahārāja. Adhivuttho me vassāvāso’ti. Dutiyampi kho, ānanda… tatiyampi kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ; evarūpaṃ saṅghassa upaṭṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’ti. ‘Alaṃ, mahārāja. Adhivuttho me vassāvāso’ti. Atha kho, ānanda, kikissa kāsirañño ‘na me kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho adhivāseti bārāṇasiyaṃ vassāvāsa’nti ahudeva aññathattaṃ , ahu domanassaṃ. Atha kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā kassapaṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘atthi nu kho, bhante, añño koci mayā upaṭṭhākataro’ti?
9世尊回答：‘大王，有一个叫韦嘎喇林嘎的村镇，那里住着一位名叫嘎帝咖拉的陶师。他是我的侍者，是最上等的侍者。大王，您因为我不接受您波罗奈的雨安居而心生不满、忧愁，但陶师嘎帝咖拉不会有这种情绪，也永远不会生起。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉已经归依佛、归依法、归依僧。陶师嘎帝咖拉远离杀生、远离不给予而取、远离欲邪行、远离妄语、远离酒类等导致放逸的麻醉品。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉对佛具足不坏净信，对法具足不坏净信，对僧具足不坏净信，并且具足圣者所喜的戒行。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉对苦无疑，对苦的集起无疑，对苦的息灭无疑，对导向苦灭的道无疑。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉日唯一食，修持梵行，持戒善良，德性纯厚。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉舍弃了摩尼宝与黄金，远离了金银。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉不持杵，不亲手掘地。凡是河岸崩塌的地方，或是被老鼠翻过的地方，他便用扁担挑来那些土，做成陶器，然后这样说：“谁想要的话，就放些碎米、碎绿豆或碎豌豆在这里，喜欢什么就拿走什么。”大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉奉养他年迈、失明的父母。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉已断尽五下分结，成为化生者，在那个世界般涅槃，不再从那个世界回来。’
‘‘‘Atthi, mahārāja, vegaḷiṅgaṃ nāma gāmanigamo. Tattha ghaṭikāro nāma kumbhakāro; so me upaṭṭhāko aggupaṭṭhāko. Tuyhaṃ kho pana, mahārāja, na me kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho adhivāseti bārāṇasiyaṃ vassāvāsanti attheva aññathattaṃ, atthi domanassaṃ. Tayidaṃ ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa natthi ca na ca bhavissati. Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato. Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro pāṇātipātā paṭivirato, adinnādānā paṭivirato, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato, musāvādā paṭivirato, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato. Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro dukkhe nikkaṅkho, dukkhasamudaye nikkaṅkho, dukkhanirodhe nikkaṅkho, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya nikkaṅkho. Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro ekabhattiko brahmacārī sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo. Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro nikkhittamaṇisuvaṇṇo apetajātarūparajato . Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro pannamusalo na sahatthā pathaviṃ khaṇati . Yaṃ hoti kūlapaluggaṃ vā mūsikukkaro vā taṃ kājena āharitvā bhājanaṃ karitvā evamāha – ‘‘ettha yo icchati taṇḍulapaṭibhastāni vā muggapaṭibhastāni vā kaḷāyapaṭibhastāni vā nikkhipitvā yaṃ icchati taṃ haratū’’ti. Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro andhe jiṇṇe mātāpitaro poseti. Ghaṭikāro kho, mahārāja, kumbhakāro pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā.
289‘大王，有一次，我住在那个叫韦嘎喇林嘎的村镇。那时我在上午穿好下衣，拿着钵与衣，来到陶师嘎帝咖拉的父母家。到了之后，我对嘎帝咖拉的父母说：“喂，那位圣者到哪儿去了？”他们回答说：“尊者，您的侍者出门了，请您自己到锅里取饭吃，自己从汁里取汤喝吧。”我于是便从锅里取了饭，从汁里取了汤，吃完后起身离开了。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉回来后，来到父母跟前，问道：“谁从锅里取了饭，从汁里取了汤，吃完后起身走了？”父母回答：“孩子，是迦叶世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者从锅里取了饭，从汁里取了汤，吃完后起身走了。”大王，那时陶师嘎帝咖拉心中这样想：“这真是我的得益，真是我的大德，迦叶世尊竟对我如此信赖。”大王，那时陶师嘎帝咖拉被悦意安乐所笼罩，持续了半个月；他的父母，持续了七天。’
‘‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ , mahārāja, samayaṃ vegaḷiṅge nāma gāmanigame viharāmi. Atha khvāhaṃ, mahārāja, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa mātāpitaro tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa mātāpitaro etadavocaṃ – ‘‘handa, ko nu kho ayaṃ bhaggavo gato’’ti? ‘‘Nikkhanto kho te, bhante, upaṭṭhāko antokumbhiyā odanaṃ gahetvā pariyogā sūpaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjā’’ti. Atha khvāhaṃ, mahārāja, kumbhiyā odanaṃ gahetvā pariyogā sūpaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ . Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro yena mātāpitaro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā mātāpitaro etadavoca – ‘‘ko kumbhiyā odanaṃ gahetvā pariyogā sūpaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkanto’’ti? ‘‘Kassapo, tāta, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kumbhiyā odanaṃ gahetvā pariyogā sūpaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkanto’’ti? Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa etadahosi – ‘‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho evaṃ abhivissattho’’ti. Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ aḍḍhamāsaṃ pītisukhaṃ na vijahati , sattāhaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ.
290‘还有一次，大王，我也住在那个叫韦嘎喇林嘎的村镇。我在上午穿好下衣，拿着钵与衣，来到陶师嘎帝咖拉的父母家。到了之后，我对嘎帝咖拉的父母说：“喂，那位圣者到哪儿去了？”他们回答说：“尊者，您的侍者出门了，请您自己到碗里取粥吃，自己从汁里取汤喝吧。”我于是便从碗里取了粥，从汁里取了汤，吃完后起身离开了。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉回来后，来到父母跟前，问道：“谁从碗里取了粥，从汁里取了汤，吃完后起身走了？”父母回答：“孩子，是迦叶世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者从碗里取了粥，从汁里取了汤，吃完后起身走了。”大王，那时陶师嘎帝咖拉心中这样想：“这真是我的得益，真是我的大德，迦叶世尊竟对我如此信赖。”大王，那时陶师嘎帝咖拉被悦意安乐所笼罩，持续了半个月；他的父母，持续了七天。’
‘‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, mahārāja, samayaṃ tattheva vegaḷiṅge nāma gāmanigame viharāmi. Atha khvāhaṃ, mahārāja, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa mātāpitaro tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa mātāpitaro etadavocaṃ – ‘‘handa, ko nu kho ayaṃ bhaggavo gato’’ti? ‘‘Nikkhanto kho te, bhante, upaṭṭhāko anto kaḷopiyā kummāsaṃ gahetvā pariyogā sūpaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjā’’ti. Atha khvāhaṃ, mahārāja, kaḷopiyā kummāsaṃ gahetvā pariyogā sūpaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṃ. Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro yena mātāpitaro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā mātāpitaro etadavoca – ‘‘ko kaḷopiyā kummāsaṃ gahetvā pariyogā sūpaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkanto’’ti? ‘‘Kassapo, tāta, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kaḷopiyā kummāsaṃ gahetvā pariyogā sūpaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkanto’’ti. Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa etadahosi – ‘‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho evaṃ abhivissattho’’ti. Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ aḍḍhamāsaṃ pītisukhaṃ na vijahati, sattāhaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ.
291‘还有一次，大王，我就在那个叫韦嘎喇林嘎的村镇住。那时我的茅舍漏雨。大王，我就招呼比丘们：“比丘们，你们去陶师嘎帝咖拉的住处看看，有没有草。”大王，那些比丘回答我说：“尊者，陶师嘎帝咖拉的住处没有草，不过他的工棚顶上有草。”我说：“比丘们，去把嘎帝咖拉陶师的工棚顶上的草取下来。”大王，那些比丘便把嘎帝咖拉陶师的工棚顶上的草取了下来。大王，那时嘎帝咖拉的父母问那些比丘：“是谁在取工棚顶上的草？”比丘们说：“姐妹，是迦叶世尊的茅舍漏雨。”他们说：“拿去吧，尊者们，拿去吧，善贤们。”大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉回来后，来到父母跟前，问道：“谁把工棚顶上的草取下来了？”父母回答：“孩子，是比丘们，听说迦叶世尊的茅舍漏雨了。”大王，那时陶师嘎帝咖拉心中这样想：“这真是我的得益，真是我的大德，迦叶世尊竟对我如此信赖。”大王，那时陶师嘎帝咖拉被悦意安乐所笼罩，持续了半个月；他的父母，持续了七天。而那座工棚，整整三个月就那么敞开着无顶朝天，天都没有下雨。大王，陶师嘎帝咖拉就是这样的人。’奇奇国王说：‘尊者，陶师嘎帝咖拉真是得益，真是大得，有世尊对他如此信赖。’
‘‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, mahārāja, samayaṃ tattheva vegaḷiṅge nāma gāmanigame viharāmi. Tena kho pana samayena kuṭi ovassati. Atha khvāhaṃ, mahārāja, bhikkhū āmantesiṃ – ‘‘gacchatha, bhikkhave, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa nivesane tiṇaṃ jānāthā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, mahārāja, te bhikkhū maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘natthi kho, bhante, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa nivesane tiṇaṃ, atthi ca khvāssa āvesane tiṇacchadana’’ nti. ‘‘Gacchatha, bhikkhave, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa āvesanaṃ uttiṇaṃ karothā’’ti. Atha kho te, mahārāja, bhikkhū ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa āvesanaṃ uttiṇamakaṃsu. Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa mātāpitaro te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ke āvesanaṃ uttiṇaṃ karontī’’ti? ‘‘Bhikkhū, bhagini, kassapassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa kuṭi ovassatī’’ti. ‘‘Haratha, bhante, haratha, bhadramukhā’’ti. Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro yena mātāpitaro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā mātāpitaro etadavoca – ‘‘ke āvesanaṃ uttiṇamakaṃsū’’ti? ‘‘Bhikkhū, tāta, kassapassa kira bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa kuṭi ovassatī’’ti. Atha kho, mahārāja, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa etadahosi – ‘‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho evaṃ abhivissattho’’ti. Atha kho, mahārāja ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ aḍḍhamāsaṃ pītisukhaṃ na vijahati, sattāhaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ. Atha kho, mahārāja, āvesanaṃ sabbantaṃ temāsaṃ ākāsacchadanaṃ aṭṭhāsi, na devotivassi . Evarūpo ca, mahārāja, ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro’ti. ‘Lābhā, bhante, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa, suladdhā, bhante, ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa yassa bhagavā evaṃ abhivissattho’’’ti.
292那时，阿难，迦尸国国王奇奇，给陶师嘎帝咖拉送去了大约五百车米，是那种叫潘度铺答的优质稻米，还有配菜的调味料。接着，阿难，国王派去的人找到陶师嘎帝咖拉，这样对他说：‘尊者，这些是迦尸国王奇奇送来的大约五百车潘度铺答米，还有配菜的调味料。尊者，请您收下吧。’嘎帝咖拉说：‘国王事务繁忙，要操心的事很多。我不需要这些！还是留给国王自己吧。’阿难，你可能会这样想：‘那时候的乔帝巴喇学童，一定是别人吧。’但阿难，你不该这样看。那时候的乔帝巴喇学童，就是我。
‘‘Atha kho, ānanda, kikī kāsirājā ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa pañcamattāni taṇḍulavāhasatāni pāhesi paṇḍupuṭakassa sālino tadupiyañca sūpeyyaṃ. Atha kho te, ānanda, rājapurisā ghaṭikāraṃ kumbhakāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘imāni kho, bhante, pañcamattāni taṇḍulavāhasatāni kikinā kāsirājena pahitāni paṇḍupuṭakassa sālino tadupiyañca sūpeyyaṃ. Tāni, bhante, paṭiggaṇhathā’ti . ‘Rājā kho bahukicco bahukaraṇīyo. Alaṃ me! Raññova hotū’ti. Siyā kho pana te, ānanda, evamassa – ‘añño nūna tena samayena jotipālo māṇavo ahosī’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, ānanda, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ahaṃ tena samayena jotipālo māṇavo ahosi’’nti.
14这是世尊所说。阿难尊者满心欢喜，对世尊的开示感到由衷赞叹。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā ānando bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
15嘎帝咖拉经完 第一
Ghaṭikārasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.