MN 7 · 布经
70如是我闻：一时，世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。在那里，世尊告诸比丘：“诸比丘。”诸比丘应答：“尊者。”世尊如是说：
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
2“诸比丘，譬如一块脏污、沾染了污垢的布。染匠无论将它浸入何种染料——蓝色、黄色、红色或深红色——染出来的颜色都会难看，色泽不纯净。这是什么原因呢？诸比丘，因为那块布本身不净。同样地，诸比丘，当心染污时，恶趣便可预期。诸比丘，又譬如一块洁净、洁白的布。染匠无论将它浸入何种染料——蓝色、黄色、红色或深红色——染出来的颜色都会好看，色泽纯净。这是什么原因呢？诸比丘，因为那块布本身洁净。同样地，诸比丘，当心不染污时，善趣便可预期。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, vatthaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ malaggahitaṃ; tamenaṃ rajako yasmiṃ yasmiṃ raṅgajāte upasaṃhareyya – yadi nīlakāya yadi pītakāya yadi lohitakāya yadi mañjiṭṭhakāya durattavaṇṇamevassa aparisuddhavaṇṇamevassa. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aparisuddhattā, bhikkhave, vatthassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, citte saṃkiliṭṭhe, duggati pāṭikaṅkhā. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, vatthaṃ parisuddhaṃ pariyodātaṃ; tamenaṃ rajako yasmiṃ yasmiṃ raṅgajāte upasaṃhareyya – yadi nīlakāya yadi pītakāya yadi lohitakāya yadi mañjiṭṭhakāya – surattavaṇṇamevassa parisuddhavaṇṇamevassa. Taṃ kissa hetu? Parisuddhattā, bhikkhave, vatthassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, citte asaṃkiliṭṭhe, sugati pāṭikaṅkhā.
71“那么，诸比丘，什么是心的随烦恼呢？贪婪与邪贪，是心的随烦恼；嗔恚，是心的随烦恼；忿，是心的随烦恼；恨，是心的随烦恼；覆，是心的随烦恼；恼，是心的随烦恼；嫉，是心的随烦恼；悭，是心的随烦恼；诳，是心的随烦恼；谄，是心的随烦恼；顽固，是心的随烦恼；好斗，是心的随烦恼；慢，是心的随烦恼；过慢，是心的随烦恼；憍，是心的随烦恼；放逸，是心的随烦恼。”
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, cittassa upakkilesā? Abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso, byāpādo cittassa upakkileso, kodho cittassa upakkileso, upanāho cittassa upakkileso, makkho cittassa upakkileso, paḷāso cittassa upakkileso, issā cittassa upakkileso, macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkileso, māyā cittassa upakkileso, sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa upakkileso, thambho cittassa upakkileso, sārambho cittassa upakkileso, māno cittassa upakkileso, atimāno cittassa upakkileso, mado cittassa upakkileso, pamādo cittassa upakkileso.
72“诸比丘，那位比丘如此了知“贪婪与邪贪是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——贪婪与邪贪；如此了知“嗔恚是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——嗔恚；如此了知“忿是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——忿；如此了知“恨是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——恨；如此了知“覆是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——覆；如此了知“恼是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——恼；如此了知“嫉是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——嫉；如此了知“悭是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——悭；如此了知“诳是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——诳；如此了知“谄是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——谄；如此了知“顽固是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——顽固；如此了知“好斗是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——好斗；如此了知“慢是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——慢；如此了知“过慢是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——过慢；如此了知“憍是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——憍；如此了知“放逸是心的随烦恼”后，便断除这心的随烦恼——放逸。”
‘‘Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā abhijjhāvisamalobhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘byāpādo cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā byāpādaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati ; ‘kodho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā kodhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘upanāho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā upanāhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘makkho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā makkhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘paḷāso cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā paḷāsaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘issā cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā issaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘māyā cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā māyaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘thambho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā thambhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘sārambho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā sārambhaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘māno cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā mānaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘atimāno cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā atimānaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘mado cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā madaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati; ‘pamādo cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā pamādaṃ cittassa upakkilesaṃ pajahati.
73“诸比丘，比丘既了知“贪婪与邪贪是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——贪婪与邪贪；既了知“嗔恚是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——嗔恚；既了知“忿是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——忿；既了知“恨是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——恨；既了知“覆是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——覆；既了知“恼是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——恼；既了知“嫉是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——嫉；既了知“悭是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——悭；既了知“诳是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——诳；既了知“谄是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——谄；既了知“顽固是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——顽固；既了知“好斗是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——好斗；既了知“慢是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——慢；既了知“过慢是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——过慢；既了知“憍是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——憍；既了知“放逸是心的随烦恼”，便断除了那心的随烦恼——放逸。”
‘‘Yato kho , bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā abhijjhāvisamalobho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti, ‘byāpādo cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā byāpādo cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘kodho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā kodho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘upanāho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā upanāho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘makkho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā makkho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘paḷāso cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā paḷāso cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘issā cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā issā cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā macchariyaṃ cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘māyā cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā māyā cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā sāṭheyyaṃ cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘thambho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā thambho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘sārambho cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā sārambho cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘māno cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā māno cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘atimāno cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā atimāno cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘mado cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā mado cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti; ‘pamādo cittassa upakkileso’ti – iti viditvā pamādo cittassa upakkileso pahīno hoti.
74他便对佛陀生起坚定不移的净信：‘这位世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行足、善至、世间解、无上士调御丈夫、天人师、佛陀、世尊。’对法生起坚定不移的净信：‘世尊所善说的法，是现见的、不受时限的、来见来证的、导向内心的、由智者各自亲证的。’对僧团生起坚定不移的净信：‘世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者、正直行道者、如理行道者、正当行道者，也就是四双八辈之士。这便是世尊的声闻僧团，应受供养、应受款待、应受布施、应受合掌礼敬，是世间无上的福田。’
‘‘So buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti; dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti; saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni, aṭṭha purisapuggalā. Esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo , anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti.
75复次，当那些特定程度的随烦恼已舍断、已吐弃、已释除、已断除、已彻底舍离之后，他内心思惟：‘我对佛已具足不可动摇的净信。’他便获得义之领悟，获得法之领悟，获得与法相应的喜悦。当他喜悦时，喜便生起；心有喜者，身得轻安；身轻安者，感受乐；心乐者，心得定。‘我对法……（中略）……我对僧已具足不可动摇的净信。’他便获得义之领悟，获得法之领悟，获得与法相应的喜悦；当他喜悦时，喜便生起；心有喜者，身得轻安；身轻安者，感受乐；心乐者，心得定。‘那些特定程度的随烦恼确已为我所舍、所弃、所释、所断、所彻底舍离。’他便获得义之领悟，获得法之领悟，获得与法相应的喜悦；当他喜悦时，喜便生起；心有喜者，身得轻安；身轻安者，感受乐；心乐者，心得定。
‘‘Yathodhi kho panassa cattaṃ hoti vantaṃ muttaṃ pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ, so ‘buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatomhī’ti labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati; ‘dhamme…pe… saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgatomhī’ti labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ; pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. ‘Yathodhi kho pana me cattaṃ vantaṃ muttaṃ pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭha’nti labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ; pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati.
76诸比丘，如此具足戒、具足法、具足慧的比丘，即使食用拣净黑粒、配有多种汤菜的上等香米饭团，这对他也不会成为障碍。诸比丘，犹如一件肮脏垢衣，依靠清水便能变得清净洁白；又如金矿依靠熔炉口便能变得清净洁白。同样地，诸比丘，如此具足戒、具足法、具足慧的比丘，即使食用拣净黑粒、配有多种汤菜的上等香米饭团，这对他也不会成为障碍。
‘‘Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃsīlo evaṃdhammo evaṃpañño sālīnaṃ cepi piṇḍapātaṃ bhuñjati vicitakāḷakaṃ anekasūpaṃ anekabyañjanaṃ, nevassa taṃ hoti antarāyāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, vatthaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ malaggahitaṃ acchodakaṃ āgamma parisuddhaṃ hoti pariyodātaṃ , ukkāmukhaṃ vā panāgamma jātarūpaṃ parisuddhaṃ hoti pariyodātaṃ, evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃsīlo evaṃdhammo evaṃpañño sālīnaṃ cepi piṇḍapātaṃ bhuñjati vicitakāḷakaṃ anekasūpaṃ anekabyañjanaṃ , nevassa taṃ hoti antarāyāya.
77他以与慈俱行的心遍满一个方向而安住，同样地遍满第二个方向，同样地遍满第三个方向，同样地遍满第四个方向。如此，向上、向下、横向，遍及一切处，视一切如己，他以与慈俱行的心——广大、伟大、无量、无怨恨、无瞋害——遍满整个世间而安住。他以与悲俱行的心……（中略）……与喜俱行的心……（中略）……与舍俱行的心遍满一个方向而安住，同样地遍满第二个方向，同样地遍满第三个方向，同样地遍满第四个方向。如此，向上、向下、横向，遍及一切处，视一切如己，他以与舍俱行的心——广大、伟大、无量、无怨恨、无瞋害——遍满整个世间而安住。
‘‘So mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ . Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati; karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati.
78他了知：‘有这个，有更劣于此的，有更胜于此的，有超越这想蕴所及范围的出离。’当他如此知、如此见时，心便从欲漏中解脱，从有漏中解脱，从无明漏中解脱。解脱时，生起‘这是解脱’的智。他了知：‘生已尽，梵行已立，应作已作，不受后有。’比丘们，这便称为‘以内在沐浴而沐浴的比丘’。
‘‘So ‘atthi idaṃ, atthi hīnaṃ, atthi paṇītaṃ, atthi imassa saññāgatassa uttariṃ nissaraṇa’nti pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti . Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu sināto antarena sinānenā’’’ti.
79那时，孙陀利迦婆罗堕阇婆罗门正坐在离世尊不远处。他对世尊这样说：“乔达摩尊者会去巴胡咖河中沐浴吗？”“婆罗门，去巴胡咖河有何用？巴胡咖河能做什么呢？”“乔达摩尊者，众人认为巴胡咖河是清净的，乔达摩尊者，众人认为巴胡咖河是有福德的，众人也都在巴胡咖河中洗除所作恶业。”于是，世尊以偈颂对孙陀利迦婆罗堕阇婆罗门说：
Tena kho pana samayena sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavato avidūre nisinno hoti. Atha kho sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘gacchati pana bhavaṃ gotamo bāhukaṃ nadiṃ sināyitu’’nti? ‘‘Kiṃ, brāhmaṇa, bāhukāya nadiyā? Kiṃ bāhukā nadī karissatī’’ti? ‘‘Lokkhasammatā hi, bho gotama, bāhukā nadī bahujanassa, puññasammatā hi, bho gotama, bāhukā nadī bahujanassa, bāhukāya pana nadiyā bahujano pāpakammaṃ kataṃ pavāhetī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā sundarikabhāradvājaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
12“巴胡咖河与阿帝咖咖河，伽耶河和孙陀利迦河也是如此，”
‘‘Bāhukaṃ adhikakkañca, gayaṃ sundarikaṃ mapi ;
13萨罗萨底河、迫雅甲渡口，还有巴胡马帝河，
Sarassatiṃ payāgañca, atho bāhumatiṃ nadiṃ;
14愚人即便时常跳入其中，造黑业者仍不得清净。
Niccampi bālo pakkhando , kaṇhakammo na sujjhati.
15孙陀利迦河能做什么？波罗耶伽渡口能做什么？巴胡咖河又能做什么？
‘‘Kiṃ sundarikā karissati, kiṃ payāgā kiṃ bāhukā nadī;
16对于一个心怀怨恨、造下恶业的人，这些河水丝毫不能令他清净。
Veriṃ katakibbisaṃ naraṃ, na hi naṃ sodhaye pāpakamminaṃ.
17对于清净者，日日皆是春祭，日日皆是布萨日；
‘‘Suddhassa ve sadā phaggu, suddhassuposatho sadā;
18对于清净者、善行具足者，日日皆得圆满梵行。
Suddhassa sucikammassa, sadā sampajjate vataṃ;
19就在此沐浴，婆罗门，让自己成为一切众生的安稳之处。
Idheva sināhi brāhmaṇa, sabbabhūtesu karohi khemataṃ.
20如果你不说妄语，不伤害生命，
‘‘Sace musā na bhaṇasi, sace pāṇaṃ na hiṃsasi;
21不取未给之物，具足信心，不吝啬；
Sace adinnaṃ nādiyasi, saddahāno amaccharī;
22你去伽耶能做什么呢？对你来说，那口水井也就是伽耶啊。
Kiṃ kāhasi gayaṃ gantvā, udapānopi te gayā’’ti.
80如是说已，孙陀利迦婆罗堕阇婆罗门对世尊说：“真是殊胜啊，乔达摩尊者！真是殊胜啊，乔达摩尊者！乔达摩尊者，就好像有人把倒下的扶起来，把隐藏的揭开，为迷路的人指明道路，或在黑暗中举起油灯，让有眼的人得以看见种种形色。正是如此，乔达摩尊者以种种方便开示了法。我愿皈依乔达摩尊者、法和僧团。愿我得以在乔达摩尊者座下出家，愿我得以受具足戒。”于是，孙陀利迦婆罗堕阇婆罗门在世尊座下出家，受具足戒。受戒不久，具寿婆罗堕阇便独居一隅，远离、精勤、热忱、不放逸而住，不久即于现法，以自证智证得并安住于那善男子们从在家而出家、趣向非家的无上梵行究竟。他了知：“生已尽，梵行已立，应作已作，不受后有。”具寿婆罗堕阇成为阿罗汉之一。
Evaṃ vutte, sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāhaṃ bhoto gotamassa santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampada’’nti. Alattha kho sundarikabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno kho panāyasmā bhāradvājo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭhevadhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro kho panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosīti.
24衣经·第七终。
Vatthasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ.