MN 6 · 希望经
64如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,世尊对比丘们说:“诸比丘。”那些比丘回答说:“尊师。”世尊这样说道:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
2“诸比丘,你们应当安住于圆满的戒、圆满的巴帝摩卡律仪,以巴帝摩卡的防护约束自己而住,具足正当的行为与行处,即使在极微细的过失上也见到怖畏,认真地学习并受持诸学处。”——先前所这样说的,正是基于此处而说的。
‘‘Sampannasīlā, bhikkhave, viharatha sampannapātimokkhā; pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvutā viharatha ācāragocarasampannā aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvino; samādāya sikkhatha sikkhāpadesū’’ti – iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vutta’’nti.
65“诸比丘,如果有比丘这样希望:‘愿我在梵行的同修们当中,是可亲可爱的、受人敬重和尊崇的。’他就应该成为一个在戒行上完全实践的人,内心专注于心止,不轻忽禅那,具足于观,修习空闲之处。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca assaṃ manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’ti , sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
4“诸比丘,如果有比丘这样希望:‘愿我能得到衣服、饮食、住所、病者所需的医药和资具。’他就应该成为一个在戒行上完全实践的人,内心专注于心止,不轻忽禅那,具足于观,修习空闲之处。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘lābhī assaṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārāna’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
5“诸比丘,如果有比丘这样希望:‘愿我享用的这些衣服、饮食、住所、病者所需的医药资具,能为布施者带来大果报、大利益。’他就应该成为一个在戒行上完全实践的人,内心专注于心止,不轻忽禅那,具足于观,修习空闲之处。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘yesāhaṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsana gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ paribhuñjāmi tesaṃ te kārā mahapphalā assu mahānisaṃsā’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
6“诸比丘,如果有比丘这样希望:‘愿那些忆念我的已故血亲眷属,以净信之心忆念我时,能为他们带来大果报、大利益。’他就应该成为一个在戒行上完全实践的人,内心专注于心止,不轻忽禅那,具足于观,修习空闲之处。”
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘ye maṃ ñātī sālohitā petā kālaṅkatā pasannacittā anussaranti tesaṃ taṃ mahapphalaṃ assa mahānisaṃsa’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
66诸比丘,如果一位比丘这样希望:‘愿我能够调伏不满与挑剔,不被不满所击垮,当不满生起时,我能一次次克服它并安住下来。’那么,他就应该让戒行圆满无缺……(中略)……精勤于空闲处的修习。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘aratiratisaho assaṃ, na ca maṃ arati saheyya, uppannaṃ aratiṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
8诸比丘,如果一位比丘这样希望:‘愿我能够调伏恐惧与惊怖,不被恐惧与惊怖所击垮,当恐惧与惊怖生起时,我能一次次克服它们并安住下来。’那么,他就应该让戒行圆满无缺……(中略)……精勤于空闲处的修习。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘bhayabheravasaho assaṃ, na ca maṃ bhayabheravaṃ saheyya, uppannaṃ bhayabheravaṃ abhibhuyya abhibhuyya vihareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
9诸比丘,如果一位比丘这样希望:‘愿我能够随心所欲地、毫不困难地、毫不费力地获得那四种提升心力的禅那,也就是在当下带来舒适安住的境地。’那么,他就应该让戒行圆满无缺……(中略)……精勤于空闲处的修习。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī assaṃ akicchalābhī akasiralābhī’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
10诸比丘,如果一位比丘这样希望:‘愿我能够以身触证并安住于那些寂静的、超越色界的无色解脱境界。’那么,他就应该让戒行圆满无缺……(中略)……精勤于空闲处的修习。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā, te kāyena phusitvā vihareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
67诸比丘,如果一位比丘这样希望:‘愿我通过彻底断除三种束缚,证得入流果,不再堕入恶道,决定趣向正觉。’那么,他就应该让戒行圆满无缺……(中略)……精勤于空闲处的修习。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno assaṃ avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
12诸比丘,如果一位比丘这样希望:‘愿我通过彻底断除三种束缚,以及减弱贪欲、嗔恚和愚痴,证得一来果,只回到这个世间一次,便彻底终结苦。’那么,他就应该让戒行圆满无缺……(中略)……精勤于空闲处的修习。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī assaṃ sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ kareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
13“比丘们,如果一位比丘有这样的希望:‘愿我通过断除五下分结,成为化生者,在那里般涅槃,不再从那世间回来。’他就应该全面地修习戒行,内心专注于心止,不忽视禅那,具足观慧,常修习空闲处。”
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko assaṃ tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
68“比丘们,如果一位比丘有这样的希望:‘愿我证得各种神通:从一个变成许多个,从许多个变成一个;显现和隐藏;穿墙、穿壁、穿山,通行无阻,如同在虚空中一样;在地上沉入和浮出,如同在水中一样;在水上行走而不沉没,如同在地上一样;在虚空中盘腿而行,如同有翅膀的鸟儿一样;用我的手触摸和抚弄日月,它们有如此大的威力、如此大的力量;甚至以身体掌控远至梵天界。’他就应该全面地修习戒行,内心专注于心止,不忽视禅那,具足观慧,常修习空闲处。”
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhaveyyaṃ – ekopi hutvā bahudhā assaṃ, bahudhāpi hutvā eko assaṃ; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ; tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gaccheyyaṃ, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ kareyyaṃ, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gaccheyyaṃ, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kameyyaṃ, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmaseyyaṃ parimajjeyyaṃ; yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
15“比丘们,如果一位比丘有这样的希望:‘愿我以清净、超越凡人的天耳界,能听到两种声音:天界的声音和人界的声音,无论远近。’他就应该全面地修习戒行,内心专注于心止,不忽视禅那,具足观慧,常修习空闲处。”
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇeyyaṃ – dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike cā’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
16“比丘们,如果一位比丘有这样的希望:‘愿我能以自己的心把握其他众生、其他人的心而了知:有贪的心,我知其为有贪的心;无贪的心,我知其为无贪的心;有瞋的心,我知其为有瞋的心;无瞋的心,我知其为无瞋的心;有痴的心,我知其为有痴的心;无痴的心,我知其为无痴的心;收缩的心,我知其为收缩的心;散乱的心,我知其为散乱的心;广大的心,我知其为广大的心;不广大的心,我知其为不广大的心;有上的心,我知其为有上的心;无上的心,我知其为无上的心;得定的心,我知其为得定的心;未得定的心,我知其为未得定的心;解脱的心,我知其为解脱的心;未解脱的心,我知其为未解脱的心。’他就应该全面地修习戒行,内心专注于心止,不忽视禅那,具足观慧,常修习空闲处。”
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajāneyyaṃ – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ vītarāgaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ; sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ sadosaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ vītadosaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ; samohaṃ vā cittaṃ samohaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ vītamohaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ; saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ saṃkhittaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ vikkhittaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ; mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ mahaggataṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ amahaggataṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ; sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ sauttaraṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ anuttaraṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ; samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ samāhitaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ asamāhitaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ; vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ cittanti pajāneyyaṃ, avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajāneyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
17“比丘们,如果一位比丘有这样的希望:‘愿我能忆念种种过去世的生命,即:一生、两生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、百生、千生、十万生、许多个坏劫、许多个成劫、许多个坏成劫。在那里,我有这样的名字、这样的族姓、这样的容貌、这样的食物、这样感受苦乐、这样的寿命。从那里死后,我在别处投生。在那里,我也有这样的名字、这样的族姓、这样的容貌、这样的食物、这样感受苦乐、这样的寿命。从那里死后,我投生到这里。’像这样,他能忆念起种种过去世的生命,连同特征和细节。”他就应该全面地修习戒行,内心专注于心止,不忽视禅那,具足观慧,常修习空闲处。”
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussareyyaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jāti satasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapannoti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī…pe… brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
18“比丘们,如果一位比丘有这样的希望:‘愿我以清净、超越凡人的天眼,看见众生死亡和投生,低劣的和高尚的,美丽的和丑陋的,去了善趣和恶趣的,我了知众生各自随着他们的业力而流转:这些尊者们,确实有身恶行、语恶行、意恶行,诽谤圣者,持有邪见,造作邪见之业,他们在身体坏灭、死亡之后,投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。而这些尊者们,有身善行、语善行、意善行,不诽谤圣者,持有正见,造作正见之业,他们在身体坏灭、死亡之后,投生到善趣、天界。’像这样,以清净、超越凡人的天眼,我能看见众生死亡和投生,低劣的和高尚的,美丽的和丑陋的,去了善趣和恶趣的,了知众生各自随着他们的业力而流转。’他就应该全面地修习戒行,内心专注于心止,不忽视禅那,具足观慧,常修习空闲处。”
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passeyyaṃ cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajāneyyaṃ – ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā; ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannāti, iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passeyyaṃ cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajāneyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
69诸比丘,如果一位比丘这样期望:‘我愿通过灭尽一切烦恼,就在这现世以自己最上的智慧,亲自证得、实现并安住于无烦恼的心解脱与慧解脱。’那么,他就应当圆满地修习戒行,内心专注于止,不忽视禅那,具备观慧,常常修习空闲之处。
‘‘Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu – ‘āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭhevadhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyya’nti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ.
20“诸比丘,你们要住于戒行圆满、巴帝摩卡防护圆满;要安住在巴帝摩卡律仪的防护中,行处、境界圆满,对于微细的过失也看见其危险;要受持并修学诸学处。
‘‘Sampannasīlā, bhikkhave, viharatha sampannapātimokkhā; pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvutā viharatha ācāragocarasampannā aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvino; samādāya sikkhatha sikkhāpadesu.
21这便是世尊所说。那些比丘对世尊的言说心满意足,欣然领受。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
22希望经完 第六
Ākaṅkheyyasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ.