MN 58 · 无畏王子经
83如是我闻：一时，世尊住于王舍城竹林栗鼠庇护所。那时，无畏王子往诣尼乾陀若提子。抵达后，向尼乾陀若提子行礼，于一面坐。无畏王子于一面坐已，尼乾陀若提子对他说道：“来，王子，去驳斥沙门乔达摩的言论，如此你将成就善名：‘无畏王子驳倒了具大神通、大威力的沙门乔达摩。’”“然而，尊者，我如何能驳倒具大神通、大威力的沙门乔达摩呢？”“王子，你且去沙门乔达摩处，到了之后这样问他：‘尊者，如来是否会说出他人不爱听、不悦意的话语？’若沙门乔达摩被如此问而回答：‘王子，如来会说出他人不爱听、不悦意的话。’你便接着问：‘尊者，如此您与凡夫有何差别？凡夫亦会说出他人不爱听、不悦意的话语啊。’若沙门乔达摩被如此问而回答：‘王子，如来不会说出他人不爱听、不悦意的话。’你便再接着问：‘尊者，那为何您记说提婆达多为堕落者、地狱者、劫住者、不可救药者？提婆达多因您此言而心生忿怒与不悦啊。’王子，当沙门乔达摩被这进退两难的问题所困时，既无法吐出，也无法咽下。犹如有人喉中卡了铁钩，吞之不下，吐之不出；同样的，王子，当沙门乔达摩被这进退两难的问题所困时”
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho abhayaṃ rājakumāraṃ nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto etadavoca – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehi. Evaṃ te kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati – ‘abhayena rājakumārena samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādo āropito’’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ, bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti? ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti? Sace te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – ‘bhāseyya, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, puthujjanena nānākaraṇaṃ? Puthujjanopi hi taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti. Sace pana te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – ‘na, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, devadatto byākato – ‘‘āpāyiko devadatto, nerayiko devadatto, kappaṭṭho devadatto, atekiccho devadatto’’ti? Tāya ca pana te vācāya devadatto kupito ahosi anattamano’ti. Imaṃ kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilituṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ayosiṅghāṭakaṃ kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ, so neva sakkuṇeyya uggilituṃ na sakkuṇeyya ogilituṃ; evameva kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilitu’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho abhayo rājakumāro nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
84无畏王子坐下后，抬头看了看太阳，心想：“今日不是驳倒世尊的时机。明天，我当在自己家中向世尊问难。”于是他对世尊说：“世尊，请您明日与三位比丘一同，接受我的饭食供养。”世尊默然应允。无畏王子知道世尊应允后，便从座起身，向世尊行礼，右绕而去。次日清晨，世尊在午前穿好下衣，持钵与上衣，前往无畏王子的住处。到达后，在敷设好的座位上就座。无畏王子亲手以精美的硬食与软食供养世尊，使世尊满足。世尊用完餐，放下钵后，无畏王子便取一低座，坐在一旁。
Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho abhayassa rājakumārassa sūriyaṃ ulloketvā etadahosi – ‘‘akālo kho ajja bhagavato vādaṃ āropetuṃ . Sve dānāhaṃ sake nivesane bhagavato vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya attacatuttho bhatta’’nti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena abhayassa rājakumārassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
85无畏王子在一旁坐下后，对世尊这样说：“世尊，如来会说那些他人不爱听、不中意的话语吗？”“王子，此事不可一概而论。”“世尊，那众尼乾陀于此便输了。”“王子，你为何这样说：‘世尊，那众尼乾陀于此便输了’呢？”“世尊，是这样的：我曾往诣尼乾陀若提子处，到了之后，向尼乾陀若提子施礼，于一面坐。世尊，我坐下后，尼乾陀若提子便对我说：‘来吧，王子，你去驳倒沙门乔达摩，这样你便收获好名声：“无畏王子驳倒了拥有如此大神通、如此大威力的沙门乔达摩。”’世尊，听他这样说之后，我便问尼乾陀若提子：‘尊者，我要如何方能驳倒那拥有如此大神通、如此大威力的沙门乔达摩呢？’他说：‘来吧，王子，你到沙门乔达摩那里去，到了之后这样问他：“世尊，如来会说那些他人不爱听、不中意的话语吗？”如果沙门乔达摩被这样问后回答：“王子，如来说他人不爱听、不中意的话语。”那你就接着问他：“世尊，那么您与凡夫有何差别呢？凡夫也同样会说那些他人不爱听、不中意的话语啊。”如果沙门乔达摩被这样问后回答：“王子，如来不说他人不爱听、不中意的话语。”那你就接着问他：“世尊，那您为何记说提婆达多是堕落者、地狱者、住劫者、不可救药者呢？而提婆达多对您的这番话恼怒、不悦啊。”王子，当沙门乔达摩被这个两难之问困住时，他便吐不出也咽不下。犹如一个人喉咙里钩住一块铁钩，吞不下又吐不出；同样，王子，当沙门乔达摩被这个两难之问困住时。’
Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’’ti? ‘‘Na khvettha, rājakumāra, ekaṃsenā’’ti. ‘‘Ettha, bhante, anassuṃ nigaṇṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, rājakumāra, evaṃ vadesi – ‘ettha , bhante, anassuṃ nigaṇṭhā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho maṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto etadavoca – ‘ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehi. Evaṃ te kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati – abhayena rājakumārena samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādo āropito’ti. Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ , bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’ti? ‘Ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ vadehi – bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti? Sace te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – bhāseyya, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, puthujjanena nānākaraṇaṃ? Puthujjanopi hi taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti. Sace pana te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – na, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, devadatto byākato – āpāyiko devadatto, nerayiko devadatto, kappaṭṭho devadatto, atekiccho devadattoti? Tāya ca pana te vācāya devadatto kupito ahosi anattamanoti. Imaṃ kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilituṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ayosiṅghāṭakaṃ kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ, so neva sakkuṇeyya uggilituṃ na sakkuṇeyya ogilituṃ; evameva kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilitu’’’nti.
86那时，有一个幼小柔嫩、只能仰卧的婴儿正坐在无畏王子的膝上。世尊便对无畏王子说：“王子，你认为如何？倘若这个婴儿因为你或乳母的疏忽，把木片或小石子放进嘴里，你会怎么做？”“世尊，我会把它取出来。世尊，如果无法立刻取出，我就会用左手抱住他的头，用右手弯起手指，即使沾血也要把它抠出来。为什么呢？因为我对这个婴儿怀有悲悯心。”“同样地，王子：若如来知道某句话不真实、不正确、无有利益，且他人不爱听、不中意，如来便不会说那句话。若如来知道某句话真实、正确，但无有利益，且他人不爱听、不中意，如来也不会说那句话。然而，若如来知道某句话真实、正确、有利益，只是他人不爱听、不中意，在那种情况下，如来了知恰当时机，便会解说那句话。若如来知道某句话不真实、不正确、无有利益，即使他人爱听、中意，如来也不会说那句话。若如来知道某句话真实、正确，但无有利益，即使他人爱听、中意，如来也不会说那句话。但若如来知道某句话真实、正确、有利益，且他人爱听、中意，在那个情形下，如来了知恰当时机，便会解说那句话。”
Tena kho pana samayena daharo kumāro mando uttānaseyyako abhayassa rājakumārassa aṅke nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā abhayaṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, sacāyaṃ kumāro tuyhaṃ vā pamādamanvāya dhātiyā vā pamādamanvāya kaṭṭhaṃ vā kaṭhalaṃ vā mukhe āhareyya, kinti naṃ kareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Āhareyyassāhaṃ, bhante. Sace, bhante, na sakkuṇeyyaṃ ādikeneva āhattuṃ , vāmena hatthena sīsaṃ pariggahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena vaṅkaṅguliṃ karitvā salohitampi āhareyyaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthi me, bhante, kumāre anukampā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, yaṃ tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, na taṃ tathāgato vācaṃ bhāsati. Yampi tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, tampi tathāgato vācaṃ na bhāsati. Yañca kho tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, tatra kālaññū tathāgato hoti tassā vācāya veyyākaraṇāya. Yaṃ tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā, na taṃ tathāgato vācaṃ bhāsati. Yampi tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā tampi tathāgato vācaṃ na bhāsati. Yañca tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā, tatra kālaññū tathāgato hoti tassā vācāya veyyākaraṇāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthi, rājakumāra, tathāgatassa sattesu anukampā’’ti.
87“世尊，那些刹帝利智者、婆罗门智者、居士智者、沙门智者，预先准备好问题，来到如来面前发问。世尊事先是否在心中想定：‘若有人这样来问我，我就这样回答他们’呢？还是说，如来是当下自然现前的呢？”
‘‘Yeme, bhante, khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, pubbeva nu kho, etaṃ, bhante , bhagavato cetaso parivitakkitaṃ hoti ‘ye maṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ pucchissanti tesāhaṃ evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissāmī’ti, udāhu ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhātī’’ti?
6“既如此，王子，我且就此反问你，你随己意作答即可。王子，你意如何？你可通晓战车各部件的种种吗？”
‘‘Tena hi, rājakumāra, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, kusalo tvaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti?
7“是的，尊者，我确实通晓战车的各部组件。”
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante, kusalo ahaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti.
8“王子，你意如何？若有人来如此问你：‘战车的这个部件叫做什么？’你可会事先在心里这样想：‘若有人来这样问我，他这样问时，我便这样答’，还是临场脱口而出呢？”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, ye taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kiṃ nāmidaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅga’nti? Pubbeva nu kho te etaṃ cetaso parivitakkitaṃ assa ‘ye maṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ pucchissanti tesāhaṃ evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissāmī’ti, udāhu ṭhānasovetaṃ paṭibhāseyyā’’ti?
9“尊者，我是公认的战车能手，精通战车的各部构件。所有部件我都了然于胸。只需一问，答案便自然浮现。”
‘‘Ahañhi, bhante, rathiko saññāto kusalo rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ. Sabbāni me rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāni suviditāni. Ṭhānasovetaṃ maṃ paṭibhāseyyā’’ti .
10“正是如此，王子，那些刹帝利智者、婆罗门智者、居士智者和沙门智者，准备好问题后，来到如来面前请问，如来同样是当场，答案自然浮现。这是什么缘故呢？王子，因为如来对法界已全然通达。正是由于对法界全然通达，如来面对问题时，答案才会如此自然浮现。”
‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, ye te khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhāti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sā hi, rājakumāra, tathāgatassa dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhātī’’ti.
11听了这番话，无畏王子对世尊说道：“真是殊胜啊，尊者！真是殊胜啊，尊者！……从今日起，我终生皈依。”
Evaṃ vutte, abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
12《无畏王子经》第八终
Abhayarājakumārasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.