MN 58 · 无畏王子经
83如是我闻：有一次，世尊住在王舍城的竹林栗鼠庇护所。那时，无畏王子去拜访尼乾陀若提子。到了之后，向尼乾陀若提子行礼，然后坐在一边。无畏王子坐下后，尼乾陀若提子对他说：“来吧，王子，你去驳倒沙门乔达摩，这样你就能获得好名声：‘无畏王子驳倒了有这么大神通、这么大威力的沙门乔达摩。’”“可是，尊者，我要怎样才能驳倒有这么大神通、这么大威力的沙门乔达摩呢？”“来吧，王子，你到沙门乔达摩那里去，到了之后这样问他：‘世尊，如来会不会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话呢？’如果沙门乔达摩被这样问之后回答：‘王子，如来会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话。’那你就接着问他：‘世尊，那您和凡夫有什么区别呢？凡夫也会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话啊。’如果沙门乔达摩被这样问之后回答：‘王子，如来不会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话。’那你再接着问他：‘世尊，那您为什么记说提婆达多是堕落者、地狱者、劫住者、不可救药者呢？而且提婆达多对您这话感到生气、不满意啊。’王子，沙门乔达摩被这个两头堵的问题问住时，既吐不出来，也咽不下去。就像一个人喉咙里卡了一块铁钩，吞又吞不下，吐又吐不出；同样的，王子，沙门乔达摩被这个两头堵的问题问住时，也必定既吐不出来，也咽不下去。”无畏王子回答道：“是的，尊者。”然后他从座位起身，向尼乾陀若提子行礼，右绕之后，就去见世尊。到了之后，向世尊行礼，然后坐在一边。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho abhayaṃ rājakumāraṃ nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto etadavoca – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehi. Evaṃ te kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati – ‘abhayena rājakumārena samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādo āropito’’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ, bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti? ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti? Sace te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – ‘bhāseyya, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, puthujjanena nānākaraṇaṃ? Puthujjanopi hi taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti. Sace pana te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – ‘na, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, devadatto byākato – ‘‘āpāyiko devadatto, nerayiko devadatto, kappaṭṭho devadatto, atekiccho devadatto’’ti? Tāya ca pana te vācāya devadatto kupito ahosi anattamano’ti. Imaṃ kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilituṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ayosiṅghāṭakaṃ kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ, so neva sakkuṇeyya uggilituṃ na sakkuṇeyya ogilituṃ; evameva kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilitu’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho abhayo rājakumāro nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
84无畏王子坐下后，抬头看了看太阳，心想：“今天不是驳倒世尊的时候。明天我在自己家里，再向世尊挑战。”于是他对世尊说：“世尊，请您和另外三位明天接受我的饭食供养。”世尊默然应允。无畏王子知道世尊答应后，就从座位起身，向世尊行礼，右绕之后离开了。那天夜晚过后，世尊在午前时分穿好下衣，拿着钵和上衣，来到无畏王子的住处。到了之后，在铺设好的座位上坐下。无畏王子亲手用精美的硬食和软食供养世尊，让世尊吃饱。当世尊吃完，放下钵后，无畏王子取了一个低矮的座位，坐在一边。
Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho abhayassa rājakumārassa sūriyaṃ ulloketvā etadahosi – ‘‘akālo kho ajja bhagavato vādaṃ āropetuṃ . Sve dānāhaṃ sake nivesane bhagavato vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya attacatuttho bhatta’’nti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena abhayassa rājakumārassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
85坐在一边的无畏王子对世尊说：“世尊，如来会不会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话呢？”“王子，这不是一个可以一刀切回答的问题。”“世尊，尼乾陀们在这里不就输了吗。”“王子，你为什么这样说：‘世尊，尼乾陀们在这里不就输了吗’呢？”“世尊，事情是这样的：我去拜访尼乾陀若提子，到了之后，向尼乾陀若提子行礼，然后坐在一边。世尊，我坐下后，尼乾陀若提子对我说：‘来吧，王子，你去驳倒沙门乔达摩，这样你就能获得好名声：“无畏王子驳倒了有这么大神通、这么大威力的沙门乔达摩。”’世尊，听他这样说，我就问尼乾陀若提子：‘尊者，我要怎样才能驳倒有这么大神通、这么大威力的沙门乔达摩呢？’他说：‘来吧，王子，你到沙门乔达摩那里去，到了之后这样问他：“世尊，如来会不会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话呢？”如果沙门乔达摩被这样问之后回答：“王子，如来会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话。”那你就接着问他：“世尊，那您和凡夫有什么区别呢？凡夫也会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话啊。”如果沙门乔达摩被这样问之后回答：“王子，如来不会说那些别人不爱听、不中意的话。”那你再接着问他：“世尊，那您为什么记说提婆达多是堕落者、地狱者、劫住者、不可救药者呢？而且提婆达多对您这话感到生气、不满意啊。”王子，沙门乔达摩被这个两头堵的问题问住时，既吐不出来，也咽不下去。就像一个人喉咙里卡了一块铁钩，吞又吞不下，吐又吐不出；同样的，王子，沙门乔达摩被这个两头堵的问题问住时，也必定既吐不出来，也咽不下去。’”
Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’’ti? ‘‘Na khvettha, rājakumāra, ekaṃsenā’’ti. ‘‘Ettha, bhante, anassuṃ nigaṇṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, rājakumāra, evaṃ vadesi – ‘ettha , bhante, anassuṃ nigaṇṭhā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho maṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto etadavoca – ‘ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehi. Evaṃ te kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati – abhayena rājakumārena samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādo āropito’ti. Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ , bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’ti? ‘Ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ vadehi – bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti? Sace te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – bhāseyya, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, puthujjanena nānākaraṇaṃ? Puthujjanopi hi taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti. Sace pana te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – na, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, devadatto byākato – āpāyiko devadatto, nerayiko devadatto, kappaṭṭho devadatto, atekiccho devadattoti? Tāya ca pana te vācāya devadatto kupito ahosi anattamanoti. Imaṃ kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilituṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ayosiṅghāṭakaṃ kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ, so neva sakkuṇeyya uggilituṃ na sakkuṇeyya ogilituṃ; evameva kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilitu’’’nti.
86就在那时，有一个幼小、还只会躺着的婴儿正坐在无畏王子的膝盖上。世尊对无畏王子说：“王子，你认为怎样？如果这个婴儿因为你或乳母的疏忽，把木片或小石子放进嘴里，你会怎么做？”“世尊，我会把它取出来。世尊，如果我不能马上取出来，我就会用左手抱住他的头，用右手弯起手指，即使带血也要把它抠出来。为什么呢？因为我对这个婴儿有悲悯心。”“同样的道理，王子：如果如来知道某句话是不真实、不正确、没有利益的，而且别人不爱听、不中意，如来就不会说那句话。如果如来知道某句话是真实、正确、但没有利益的，而且别人不爱听、不中意，如来也不会说那句话。但如果如来知道某句话是真实、正确、有利益的，而别人不爱听、不中意，在那个情况下，如来却是知道恰当时机来解说那句话的。如果如来知道某句话是不真实、不正确、没有利益的，即使别人爱听、中意，如来也不会说那句话。如果如来知道某句话是真实、正确、但没有利益的，即使别人爱听、中意，如来也不会说那句话。但如果如来知道某句话是真实、正确、有利益的，而且别人爱听、中意，在那个情况下，如来也是知道恰当时机来解说那句话的。为什么呢？王子，因为如来对众生有悲悯心。”
Tena kho pana samayena daharo kumāro mando uttānaseyyako abhayassa rājakumārassa aṅke nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā abhayaṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, sacāyaṃ kumāro tuyhaṃ vā pamādamanvāya dhātiyā vā pamādamanvāya kaṭṭhaṃ vā kaṭhalaṃ vā mukhe āhareyya, kinti naṃ kareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Āhareyyassāhaṃ, bhante. Sace, bhante, na sakkuṇeyyaṃ ādikeneva āhattuṃ , vāmena hatthena sīsaṃ pariggahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena vaṅkaṅguliṃ karitvā salohitampi āhareyyaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthi me, bhante, kumāre anukampā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, yaṃ tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, na taṃ tathāgato vācaṃ bhāsati. Yampi tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, tampi tathāgato vācaṃ na bhāsati. Yañca kho tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, tatra kālaññū tathāgato hoti tassā vācāya veyyākaraṇāya. Yaṃ tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā, na taṃ tathāgato vācaṃ bhāsati. Yampi tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā tampi tathāgato vācaṃ na bhāsati. Yañca tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā, tatra kālaññū tathāgato hoti tassā vācāya veyyākaraṇāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthi, rājakumāra, tathāgatassa sattesu anukampā’’ti.
87“世尊，那些刹帝利智者、婆罗门智者、在家智者、沙门智者，他们准备好问题，然后来见如来提问：世尊在事先心中会预先思考‘有人会这样问我，我就要这样回答他们’吗？还是说，这是如来当下自然现前的呢？”
‘‘Yeme, bhante, khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, pubbeva nu kho, etaṃ, bhante , bhagavato cetaso parivitakkitaṃ hoti ‘ye maṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ pucchissanti tesāhaṃ evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissāmī’ti, udāhu ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhātī’’ti?
6“那么，王子，关于这一点，我反过来问你，你就按你认为合适的来回答。王子，你认为怎样，你是车子各部分与零件的专家吗？”
‘‘Tena hi, rājakumāra, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, kusalo tvaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti?
7“是的，尊者，我是个精通战车各部件的行家。”
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante, kusalo ahaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti.
8“王子，你觉得呢？假如有人来这样问他：‘战车的这个部件叫什么？’——他是会事先就在心里寻思：‘如果有人来这样问我，他这样问时，我就这样回答’，还是完全凭着这一问，答案自然就浮现出来呢？”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, ye taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kiṃ nāmidaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅga’nti? Pubbeva nu kho te etaṃ cetaso parivitakkitaṃ assa ‘ye maṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ pucchissanti tesāhaṃ evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissāmī’ti, udāhu ṭhānasovetaṃ paṭibhāseyyā’’ti?
9“尊者，因为我就是个公认的战车行家，精通战车的各部件。所有的战车部件我都了然于胸。完全是凭着这一问，答案自然就浮现出来。”
‘‘Ahañhi, bhante, rathiko saññāto kusalo rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ. Sabbāni me rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāni suviditāni. Ṭhānasovetaṃ maṃ paṭibhāseyyā’’ti .
10“正是如此，王子，那些刹帝利智者、婆罗门智者、居士智者、沙门智者，他们设计好问题后，来拜见如来并提问，对如来而言，也完全是凭着那一问，答案自然浮现。这是什么原因呢？因为，王子，如来对法界有着通透的洞察。正是由于对法界有通透的洞察，如来在面对问题时，答案才会这样自然浮现。”
‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, ye te khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhāti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sā hi, rājakumāra, tathāgatassa dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhātī’’ti.
11听了这话，无畏王子对世尊这么说：“太精彩了，尊者，太精彩了，尊者！……我从今日起，终生皈依。”
Evaṃ vutte, abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
12无畏王子经完 第八
Abhayarājakumārasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.