MN 33 · 大牧牛者经
346如是我闻：有一次，世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时，世尊对比丘们说：“比丘们。”那些比丘回应世尊：“尊师。”世尊这样说道：
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
2“比丘们，一个牧牛者如果具备十一种要素，就没有能力照顾好牛群、使牛群繁盛。是哪些十一种呢？比丘们，这里，一个牧牛者不了知什么是色，不善巧于相，不挑除牛虻虫卵，不包扎伤口，不施放驱虫烟，不知道浅滩，不知道饮水，不知道道路，不善巧于牧场，还是个挤奶挤到一滴不剩的人。对于那些年长的、引导牛群的、带领牛群的公牛，他不给予特别的尊敬。比丘们，一个牧牛者如果具备这十一种要素，就没有能力照顾好牛群、使牛群繁盛。同样地，比丘们，一个比丘如果具备十一种法，就没有能力在法与律中成长、壮大、圆满。是哪些十一种呢？比丘们，这里，一个比丘不了知什么是色，不善巧于相，不挑除牛虻虫卵，不包扎伤口，不施放驱虫烟，不知道浅滩，不知道饮水，不知道道路，不善巧于牧场，还是个接受时不知适量的人。对于那些长老比丘——他们经验丰富，出家很久了，是僧团的引导者、僧团的带领者——他不给予特别的尊敬。
‘‘Ekādasahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako abhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ . Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha, bhikkhave, gopālako na rūpaññū hoti, na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, na titthaṃ jānāti, na pītaṃ jānāti, na vīthiṃ jānāti, na gocarakusalo hoti anavasesadohī ca hoti. Ye te usabhā gopitaro gopariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako abhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti, na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, na titthaṃ jānāti, na pītaṃ jānāti, na vīthiṃ jānāti, na gocarakusalo hoti, anavasesadohī ca hoti. Ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
347“比丘们，比丘如何不了知什么是色呢？比丘们，这里，比丘对于任何色、一切色，不如实地了知：‘这只是四大种，以及四大种所造色。’比丘们，比丘就是这样不了知什么是色。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘cattāri mahābhūtāni, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti.
4“比丘们，比丘如何不善巧于相呢？比丘们，这里，比丘不如实地了知：‘愚者是以业行为特征的，智者是以业行为特征的。’比丘们，比丘就是这样不善巧于相。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘kammalakkhaṇo bālo, kammalakkhaṇo paṇḍito’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti.
5“比丘们，比丘如何是不挑除牛虻虫卵的人呢？比丘们，这里，比丘容忍生起的贪欲寻思，不摒弃它，不驱除它，不终结它，不使其不存在；容忍生起的嗔恚寻思……容忍生起的恼害寻思……对于一再生起的各种不善、邪恶的心念，他都容忍，不摒弃它们，不驱除它们，不终结它们，不使其不存在。比丘们，比丘就是这样不挑除牛虻虫卵的人。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ adhivāseti, nappajahati na vinodeti na byantī karoti na anabhāvaṃ gameti. Uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ…pe… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme adhivāseti, nappajahati na vinodeti na byantī karoti na anabhāvaṃ gameti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti.
6“比丘们，比丘如何是不包扎伤口的人呢？比丘们，这里，比丘以眼看到色之后，执取整体的相，执取细部的相。由于他不防护眼根而住，贪欲、忧恼这些不善、邪恶的心念就会涌入。他不为了防护它而修行，不守护眼根，在眼根上不实行防护。以耳听到声之后……以鼻嗅到香之后……以舌尝到味之后……以身触到触觉之后……以意认知到法之后，执取整体的相，执取细部的相。由于他不防护意根而住，贪欲、忧恼这些不善、邪恶的心念就会涌入。他不为了防护它而修行，不守护意根，在意根上不实行防护。比丘们，比丘就是这样不包扎伤口的人。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjati, na rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye na saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā…pe… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā…pe… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjati, na rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye na saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti.
7比丘们，什么是比丘不能作烟呢？比丘们，在此，比丘对于他所听闻、所学习的法，不能详细地为他人解说。比丘们，这样，比丘就是不能作烟的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ na vitthārena paresaṃ desetā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti.
8比丘们，什么是比丘不知渡口呢？比丘们，在此，有那么一些比丘，他们多闻，传承法教，持守经法、戒律和论母。这位比丘不按时去拜访他们，也不请教：‘尊者，这个怎么理解？这有什么意义？’那些尊者不把未说明的法为他说明，不把不清楚的法为他解说清楚，也不能在他有疑惑的种种法上，为他消除疑惑。比丘们，这样，比丘就是不知渡口的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na titthaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā na paripucchati, na paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ? Imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva na vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca na uttānī karonti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhānīyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ na paṭivinodenti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na titthaṃ jānāti.
9比丘们，什么是比丘不知喜爱呢？比丘们，在此，当人们宣说如来所开示的法与律时，这位比丘不能生起对义理的欣悦，不能生起对法义的欣悦，不能生起与法相应的欢喜心。比丘们，这样，比丘就是不知喜爱的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na pītaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne na labhati atthavedaṃ, na labhati dhammavedaṃ, na labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na pītaṃ jānāti.
10比丘们，什么是比丘不知道路呢？比丘们，在此，比丘不如实了知八支圣道。比丘们，这样，比丘就是不知道路的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vīthiṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vīthiṃ jānāti.
11比丘们，什么是比丘不善于行处呢？比丘们，在此，比丘不如实了知四念住。比丘们，这样，比丘就是不善于行处的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na gocarakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāro satipaṭṭhāne yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave , bhikkhu na gocarakusalo hoti.
12比丘们，什么是比丘无余榨乳呢？比丘们，在此，有信心的在家居士们拿出衣服、饮食、住所、医药必需品来供养比丘，任他取用，但在接受这些供养时，这位比丘不懂得分寸。比丘们，这样，比丘就是无余榨乳的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anavasesadohī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi, tatra bhikkhu mattaṃ na jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anavasesadohī hoti.
13“比丘们，比丘又是怎样去特别礼敬那些长老比丘——那些经验丰富、出家很久、是僧团的父辈、僧团的领导者呢？比丘们，在这里，一位比丘会用善意的身体行为去对待那些长老比丘，无论是公开场合还是私下里都是这样；会用善意的语言行为去对待他们，无论是公开场合还是私下里都是这样；会用善意的意念行为去对待他们，无论是公开场合还是私下里都是这样。比丘们，这样的比丘就是特别礼敬了那些长老比丘。”
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā tesu mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca; mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca; mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
14比丘们，一位比丘如果具备了这十一种特质，他就没有能力在这法、律中获得增长、发展和广大。
‘‘Imehi kho bhikkhave ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ.
348比丘们，一位牧牛者如果具备了十一种要素，就有能力照顾牛群，使牛群繁盛。是哪十一种呢？比丘们，这里，一位牧牛者知道色，善于分辨特征，会清除虫卵，会包扎伤口，会放烟，知道浅滩，知道喝水，知道道路，善于择牧场，会留有余地地挤奶。他对那些公牛——那些牛群之父、牛群领导者，给予特别尊重来恭敬。比丘们，一位牧牛者就是具备了这十一种要素，才有能力照顾牛群，使牛群繁盛。比丘们，同样地，一位比丘如果具备了十一种法，就有能力在这法、律中获得增长、发展和广大。是哪十一种呢？比丘们，这里，一位比丘知道色，善于分辨特征，会清除虫卵，会包扎伤口，会放烟，知道浅滩，知道喝水，知道道路，善于择行处，会留有余地地接受，对那些长老比丘——那些经验丰富、出家很久、是僧团之父、僧团领导者的比丘们，给予特别尊重来恭敬。
‘‘Ekādasahi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako bhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha, bhikkhave , gopālako rūpaññū hoti, lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, titthaṃ jānāti, pītaṃ jānāti, vīthiṃ jānāti, gocarakusalo hoti, sāvasesadohī ca hoti. Ye te usabhā gopitaro gopariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako bhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti, lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, titthaṃ jānāti, pītaṃ jānāti, vīthiṃ jānāti, gocarakusalo hoti, sāvasesadohī ca hoti. Ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
349比丘们，比丘又是如何知道色的呢？比丘们，这里，一位比丘如实地了知：任何色，一切色，就是‘四大元素，以及四大元素所造的色’。比丘们，这样，一位比丘就是知道色的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘cattāri mahābhūtāni , catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti.
17比丘们，比丘又是如何善于分辨特征的呢？比丘们，这里，一位比丘如实地了知：愚者以业为特征，智者以业为特征。比丘们，这样，一位比丘就是善于分辨特征的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lakkhaṇakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kammalakkhaṇo bālo, kammalakkhaṇo paṇḍitoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lakkhaṇakusalo hoti.
18比丘们，比丘又是如何会清除虫卵的呢？比丘们，这里，一位比丘不容忍已生起的欲贪寻思，他舍弃它、驱除它、终结它，令它不再生起。已生起的瞋恚寻思……（中间省略）……已生起的伤害寻思……（中间省略）……对持续生起的种种不善恶法，他不容忍，他舍弃它们、驱除它们、终结它们，令它们不再生起。比丘们，这样，一位比丘就是会清除虫卵的。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāseti, pajahati vinodeti byantī karoti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ…pe… uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ…pe… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti, pajahati vinodeti byantī karoti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti.
19比丘们，比丘如何是覆盖伤口者呢？比丘们，在此，比丘以眼看到色之后，不执取整体相，不执取细节特征。因为，如果眼根处于不防护的状态而住，贪忧、不善的恶法就会流入。为了防护这些，他精进修行，守护眼根，在眼根上达成防护。以耳听到声音之后……以鼻嗅到气味之后……以舌尝到味道之后……以身触到触觉之后……以意认知到法之后，不执取整体相，不执取细节特征。因为，如果意根处于不防护的状态而住，贪忧、不善的恶法就会流入。为了防护这些，他精进修行，守护意根，在意根上达成防护。比丘们，比丘就是这样成为覆盖伤口者的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā…pe… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā…pe… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti.
20比丘们，比丘如何是制造烟者呢？比丘们，在此，比丘如所听闻、如所学的那样，详细地为他人说法。比丘们，比丘就是这样成为制造烟者的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhūmaṃ kattā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ desetā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhūmaṃ kattā hoti.
21比丘们，比丘如何是知道渡口者呢？比丘们，在此，比丘对那些多闻、传承圣教、持法、持律、持纲要的比丘们，时常去拜访并提问、请教：‘尊者，这是怎么回事？这有什么意义？’那些尊者们就为他开显未开显的，阐明未阐明的，并在各种能引起疑惑的法上，为他排除疑惑。比丘们，比丘就是这样成为知道渡口者的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu titthaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati, paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ? Imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānī karonti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhānīyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu titthaṃ jānāti.
22比丘们，比丘如何是知道饮水者呢？比丘们，在此，当如来所宣说的法、律被教导时，比丘获得了义理上的喜悦，获得了法上的喜悦，获得了与法相应的欢悦。比丘们，比丘就是这样成为知道饮水者的。
‘‘Kathañca bhikkhave, bhikkhu pītaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pītaṃ jānāti.
23比丘们，比丘如何是知道道路者呢？比丘们，在此，比丘如实地了知圣八支道。比丘们，比丘就是这样成为知道道路者的。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīthiṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīthiṃ jānāti.
24比丘们，比丘如何是善巧于牧场者呢？比丘们，在此，比丘如实地了知四念处。比丘们，比丘就是这样成为善巧于牧场者的。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gocarakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāro satipaṭṭhāne yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gocarakusalo hoti.
25“比丘们，比丘怎样是‘有余榨乳’呢？比丘们，在这里，有信心的在家居士们邀请一位比丘，要供养他衣服、食物、住处、还有生病时需要的药品和资具。这位比丘在接受这些供养时，懂得把握分寸，知道适可而止。比丘们，这样的比丘就是‘有余榨乳’。
‘‘Kathañca bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāvasesadohī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi. Tatra bhikkhu mattaṃ jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāvasesadohī hoti.
26比丘们，比丘又是如何对那些长老比丘——那些经验丰富、出家很久、是僧团之父、僧团领导者的比丘们，不以特别尊重来恭敬呢？比丘们，这里，一位比丘对那些长老比丘——那些经验丰富、出家很久、是僧团之父、僧团领导者的比丘们，无论是在人前还是独处，都不展现友善的身体行为；无论是在人前还是独处，都不展现友善的言语行为；无论是在人前还是独处，都不展现友善的心理行为。比丘们，这样，一位比丘对那些长老比丘——那些经验丰富、出家很久、是僧团之父、僧团领导者的比丘们，就没有以特别尊重来恭敬。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, tesu na mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca; na mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca; na mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
27“比丘们，一个比丘只要具备了这十一种法，他就有能力在这个法、律中获得成长、进步和圆满。”
‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjitu’’nti.
28这就是世尊所说的。那些比丘们听了，心里非常欢喜，对世尊的开示感到由衷地赞叹。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
29大牧牛者经完 第三
Mahāgopālakasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.