MN 32 · 大牛角经
332如是我闻：有一次，世尊住在果欣伽沙罗林，与许多著名的大长老弟子们在一起——有尊者舍利弗、尊者大目犍连、尊者大迦叶、尊者阿那律、尊者离婆多和尊者阿难，还有其他著名的大长老弟子们。那时，尊者大目犍连在傍晚从独处禅坐中起身，走到尊者大迦叶那里，对他说：“大迦叶贤友，我们到尊者舍利弗那里去听闻法吧。”“好的，贤友。”尊者大迦叶回应了尊者大目犍连。于是尊者大目犍连、尊者大迦叶和尊者阿那律一起前往尊者舍利弗那里去闻法。尊者阿难看见尊者大目犍连、尊者大迦叶和尊者阿那律正前往尊者舍利弗那里去闻法。看到后，他就走到尊者离婆多那里，对他说：“离婆多贤友，那几位善知识正前往尊者舍利弗那里去闻法。离婆多贤友，我们也到尊者舍利弗那里去闻法吧。”“好的，贤友。”尊者离婆多回应了尊者阿难。于是尊者离婆多和尊者阿难也前往尊者舍利弗那里去闻法。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā gosiṅgasālavanadāye viharati sambahulehi abhiññātehi abhiññātehi therehi sāvakehi saddhiṃ – āyasmatā ca sāriputtena āyasmatā ca mahāmoggallānena āyasmatā ca mahākassapena āyasmatā ca anuruddhena āyasmatā ca revatena āyasmatā ca ānandena, aññehi ca abhiññātehi abhiññātehi therehi sāvakehi saddhiṃ. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāmāvuso, kassapa, yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamissāma dhammassavanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā ca mahāmoggallāno āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca anuruddho yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṃsu dhammassavanāya. Addasā kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantañca mahāmoggallānaṃ āyasmantañca mahākassapaṃ āyasmantañca anuruddhaṃ yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamante dhammassavanāya. Disvāna yenāyasmā revato tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavoca – ‘‘upasaṅkamantā kho amū, āvuso revata, sappurisā yenāyasmā sāriputto tena dhammassavanāya. Āyāmāvuso revata, yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamissāma dhammassavanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā revato āyasmato ānandassa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā ca revato āyasmā ca ānando yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṃsu dhammassavanāya.
333尊者舍利弗远远看见尊者离婆多和尊者阿难走过来，看到后就对尊者阿难说：“请过来，尊者阿难！欢迎世尊的侍者、常随世尊身边的尊者阿难！阿难贤友，果欣伽沙罗林真令人愉悦，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，仿佛飘散着天界的香气。阿难贤友，怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？”“舍利弗贤友，这里，一位比丘多闻，能持守所闻，积聚所闻。那些初善、中善、后善，有义理有文句、宣说全然圆满清净梵行的法，这样的法他多所闻受，能忆持，以语言熟习，以心意审察，以见解透彻通达。他为四众弟子开示法，用圆满清晰的词句，连贯而无中断，为了断除烦恼随眠。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘就能为果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Addasā kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantañca revataṃ āyasmantañca ānandaṃ dūratova āgacchante. Disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etu kho āyasmā ānando! Svāgataṃ āyasmato ānandassa bhagavato upaṭṭhākassa bhagavato santikāvacarassa! Ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso ānanda, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso ānanda, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta , bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthā sabyañjanā; kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti, dhātā , vacasā paricitā, manasānupekkhitā, diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. So catassannaṃ parisānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti parimaṇḍalehi padabyañjanehi anuppabandhehi anusayasamugghātāya. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
334听了这番话，尊者舍利弗对尊者离婆多说：“离婆多贤友，尊者阿难已经依他自己的辩才作了回答。那么，我们现在请离婆多尊者说说：‘离婆多贤友，果欣伽沙罗林真令人愉悦，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，仿佛飘散着天界的香气。离婆多贤友，怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’”“舍利弗贤友，这里，一位比丘乐于独坐静处，喜爱独坐，致力于内心的止，不丧失禅那，具足观智，常修习空屋。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘能为果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso revata, āyasmatā ānandena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ revataṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso revata, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso revata, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu paṭisallānārāmo hoti paṭisallānarato, ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno, vipassanāya samannāgato, brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
335听了这番话，尊者舍利弗对尊者阿那律说：“阿那律贤友，离婆多尊者已经依他自己的辩才作了回答。那么，我们现在请阿那律尊者说说：‘阿那律贤友，果欣伽沙罗林真令人愉悦，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，仿佛飘散着天界的香气。阿那律贤友，怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’”“舍利弗贤友，这里，一位比丘以清净、超越凡夫的天眼，观察一千个世界。舍利弗贤友，犹如一个有眼力的男子登上高楼，能清楚地观察一千个轮圈；同样地，舍利弗贤友，一位比丘以清净、超越凡夫的天眼，观察一千个世界。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘能为果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso anuruddha, āyasmatā revatena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso anuruddha, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso anuruddha, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketi. Seyyathāpi, āvuso sāriputta, cakkhumā puriso uparipāsādavaragato sahassaṃ nemimaṇḍalānaṃ volokeyya; evameva kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketi. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
336听了这番话，尊者舍利弗对尊者大迦叶说：“迦叶贤友，阿那律尊者已经依他自己的辩才作了回答。那么，我们现在请大迦叶尊者说说：‘迦叶贤友，果欣伽沙罗林真令人愉悦，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，仿佛飘散着天界的香气。迦叶贤友，怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’”“舍利弗贤友，这里，一位比丘自己住在森林、并赞叹住森林；自己托钵乞食、并赞叹托钵乞食；自己穿粪扫衣、并赞叹穿粪扫衣；自己只持三衣、并赞叹只持三衣；自己少欲、并赞叹少欲；自己知足、并赞叹知足；自己远离独住、并赞叹远离独住；自己不混杂尘俗、并赞叹不混杂尘俗；自己精进努力、并赞叹精进努力；自己戒行具足、并赞叹戒行具足；自己定力具足、并赞叹定力具足；自己智慧具足、并赞叹智慧具足；自己解脱具足、并赞叹解脱具足；自己解脱知见具足、并赞叹解脱知见具足。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘能为果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso kassapa, āyasmatā anuruddhena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso kassapa, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso kassapa, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu attanā ca āraññiko hoti āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca piṇḍapātiko hoti piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca paṃsukūliko hoti paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca tecīvariko hoti tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca appiccho hoti appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca santuṭṭho hoti santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca pavivitto hoti pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca asaṃsaṭṭho hoti asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca āraddhavīriyo hoti vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca sīlasampanno hoti sīlasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca samādhisampanno hoti samādhisampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca paññāsampanno hoti paññāsampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca vimuttisampanno hoti vimuttisampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta , bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
337听了这番话，尊者舍利弗对尊者大目犍连说：“目犍连贤友，大迦叶尊者已经依他自己的辩才作了回答。那么，我们现在请大目犍连尊者说说：‘目犍连贤友，果欣伽沙罗林真令人愉悦，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，仿佛飘散着天界的香气。目犍连贤友，怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’”“舍利弗贤友，这里，两位比丘谈论阿毗达摩，他们互相提问，对于彼此提出的问题都能清楚解答而不会卡住，他们的法谈流转不断。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘能为果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso moggallāna, āyasmatā mahākassapena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso moggallāna, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, dve bhikkhū abhidhammakathaṃ kathenti, te aññamaññaṃ pañhaṃ pucchanti, aññamaññassa pañhaṃ puṭṭhā vissajjenti, no ca saṃsādenti , dhammī ca nesaṃ kathā pavattinī hoti. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
338这时，大目犍连尊者对舍利弗尊者这样说：“舍利弗贤友，我们每个人都已依各自的智慧作了回答。那么，现在我们想请问舍利弗尊者您：贤友舍利弗，果欣伽沙罗林令人愉悦，今夜月朗星稀，沙罗树繁花尽放，散发的仿佛是上天的芳香。舍利弗贤友，怎样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？” “目犍连贤友，在此，有一位比丘能令心自在，而不是被心所驱使。他想在上午以哪种住与等至安住，上午就能以那种住与等至安住；他想在正午以哪种住与等至安住，正午就能以那种住与等至安住；他想在傍晚以哪种住与等至安住，傍晚就能以那种住与等至安住。目犍连贤友，就好比一位国王或国王的大臣，有一个装满各色衣服的衣箱。他上午想穿哪套衣服，上午就穿上那套衣服；正午想穿哪套衣服，正午就穿上那套衣服；傍晚想穿哪套衣服，傍晚就穿上那套衣服。同样的，目犍连贤友，这位比丘能令心自在，而不是被心所驱使。他想在上午以哪种住与等至安住，上午就能以那种住与等至安住；他想在正午以哪种住与等至安住，正午就能以那种住与等至安住；他想在傍晚以哪种住与等至安住，傍晚就能以那种住与等至安住。目犍连贤友，正是这样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso sāriputta, amhehi sabbeheva yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso moggallāna, bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso moggallāna, rañño vā rājamahāmattassa vā nānārattānaṃ dussānaṃ dussakaraṇḍako pūro assa. So yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya majjhanhikasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupeyya. Evameva kho, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharati. Evarūpena kho, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
339这时，舍利弗尊者对那些尊者这样说：“贤友们，我们每个人都已依各自的智慧作了回答。贤友们，来，我们一起去世尊那里吧。到了之后，把这件事禀告世尊。世尊怎么解说，我们就怎么受持。”那些尊者回应舍利弗尊者说：“是的，贤友。”于是，那些尊者就去到世尊那里。到了之后，他们礼敬世尊，然后坐在一边。坐在一边的舍利弗尊者对世尊这样说：“尊者，我看见离婆多尊者和阿难尊者从远处走来。见到后，我对阿难尊者这样说：‘阿难尊者，请过来！欢迎世尊的侍者、常随世尊身边的阿难尊者的到来！阿难贤友，果欣伽沙罗林令人愉悦，今夜月朗星稀，沙罗树繁花尽放，散发的仿佛是上天的芳香。阿难贤友，怎样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’尊者，当我这样问后，阿难尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有一位比丘博闻强记……以致于拔除随眠烦恼。舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’” “好，好，舍利弗！正如阿难那样正确地解说着。舍利弗，阿难确实博闻强记，广学多闻。那些法，在开头、中间、结尾都是善美的，有义有文，宣说完全圆满、清净的梵行；这样的法，他多所听闻、受持、以语言熟悉、以心意审察、以正见通达。他能以圆满、连续不断的词句为四众弟子说法，以拔除他们的随眠烦恼。”
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto te āyasmante etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso, amhehi sabbeheva yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Āyāmāvuso, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamissāma; upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ bhagavato ārocessāma. Yathā no bhagavā byākarissati tathā naṃ dhāressāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te āyasmanto āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Atha kho te āyasmanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, āyasmantañca revataṃ āyasmantañca ānandaṃ dūratova āgacchante. Disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘etu kho āyasmā ānando! Svāgataṃ āyasmato ānandassa bhagavato upaṭṭhākassa bhagavato santikāvacarassa! Ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso ānanda, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso ānanda, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā ānando maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso, sāriputta, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo…pe… anusayasamugghātāya. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yathā taṃ ānandova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Ānando hi, sāriputta, bahussuto sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthā sabyañjanā; kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti, dhātā, vacasā paricitā, manasānupekkhitā, diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. So catassannaṃ parisānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti parimaṇḍalehi padabyañjanehi anuppabandhehi anusayasamugghātāyā’’ti.
340“尊者，当阿难尊者这样说了之后，我又对离婆多尊者这样说：‘离婆多贤友，阿难尊者已经依自己的智慧作了回答。那么，现在我们请问离婆多尊者您：离婆多贤友，果欣伽沙罗林令人愉悦，今夜月朗星稀，沙罗树繁花尽放，散发的仿佛是上天的芳香。离婆多贤友，怎样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’尊者，当我这样问后，离婆多尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有一位比丘乐于独处、爱好独处，专注于内心的止，不废弃禅那，具备内观，常修空闲处。舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’” “好，好，舍利弗！正如离婆多那样正确地解说着。舍利弗，离婆多确实乐于独处、爱好独处，专注于内心的止，不废弃禅那，具备内观，是常修空闲处的人。”
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso revata āyasmatā ānandena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ revataṃ pucchāma – ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso revata, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā maññe gandhā sampavanti. Kathaṃrūpena, āvuso revata, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā revato maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso sāriputta bhikkhu paṭisallānārāmo hoti paṭisallānarato , ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto, anirākatajjhāno, vipassanāya samannāgato, brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yathā taṃ revatova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Revato hi, sāriputta, paṭisallānārāmo paṭisallānarato, ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno, vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārāna’’nti.
341“尊者，当离婆多尊者这样说了之后，我又对阿那律尊者这样说：‘阿那律贤友，离婆多尊者已经依自己的智慧作了回答……阿那律贤友，怎样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’尊者，当我这样问后，阿那律尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有一位比丘以清净、超越常人的天眼，观察一千个世界。舍利弗贤友，就好比一位有眼力的人……舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’” “好，好，舍利弗！正如阿那律那样正确地解说着。舍利弗，阿那律确实以清净、超越常人的天眼，观察一千个世界。”
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho āvuso anuruddha āyasmatā revatena…pe… kathaṃrūpena, āvuso anuruddha, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā anuruddho maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketi. Seyyathāpi, āvuso sāriputta, cakkhumā puriso…pe… evarūpena kho āvuso sāriputta bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta, yathā taṃ anuruddhova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Anuruddho hi, sāriputta, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketī’’ti.
342“尊者，当阿那律尊者这样说了之后，我又对大迦叶尊者这样说：‘迦叶贤友，阿那律尊者已经依自己的智慧作了回答。那么，现在我们请问大迦叶尊者您……迦叶贤友，怎样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’尊者，当我这样问后，大迦叶尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有一位比丘，自身是林居者，并赞叹林居行；自身是乞食者……自身是粪扫衣者……自身是三衣者……自身是少欲者……自身是知足者……自身是远离者……自身是离群者……自身是精进者……自身是戒具足者……自身是定具足者……自身是慧具足者……自身是解脱具足者……自身是解脱知见具足者，并赞叹解脱知见的具足。舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’” “好，好，舍利弗！正如迦叶那样正确地解说着。舍利弗，迦叶确实是自身为林居者，并赞叹林居行；自身为乞食者，并赞叹乞食行；自身为粪扫衣者，并赞叹粪扫衣行；自身为三衣者，并赞叹三衣行；自身为少欲者，并赞叹少欲；自身为知足者，并赞叹知足；自身为远离者，并赞叹远离；自身为离群者，并赞叹离群；自身为精进者，并赞叹精进；自身为戒具足者，并赞叹戒具足；自身为定具足者，并赞叹定具足；自身为慧具足者，并赞叹慧具足；自身为解脱具足者，并赞叹解脱具足；自身为解脱知见具足者，并赞叹解脱知见的具足。”
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso kassapa āyasmatā anuruddhena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ pucchāma…pe… kathaṃ rūpena kho, āvuso kassapa, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte bhante, āyasmā mahākassapo maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu attanā ca āraññiko hoti āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca piṇḍapātiko hoti…pe… attanā ca paṃsukūliko hoti…pe… attanā ca tecīvariko hoti…pe… attanā ca appiccho hoti…pe… attanā ca santuṭṭho hoti…pe… attanā ca pavivitto hoti…pe… attanā ca asaṃsaṭṭho hoti…pe… attanā ca āraddhavīriyo hoti…pe… attanā ca sīlasampanno hoti…pe… attanā ca samādhisampanno hoti…pe… attanā ca paññāsampanno hoti… attanā ca vimuttisampanno hoti… attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti . ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yathā taṃ kassapova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Kassapo hi, sāriputta, attanā ca āraññiko āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca piṇḍapātiko piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca paṃsukūliko paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca tecīvariko tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca appiccho appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca santuṭṭho santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca pavivitto pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca asaṃsaṭṭho asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca āraddhavīriyo vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca sīlasampanno sīlasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca samādhisampanno samādhisampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca paññāsampanno paññāsampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca vimuttisampanno vimuttisampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti.
343“尊者，当大迦叶尊者这样说了之后，我又对大目犍连尊者这样说：‘目犍连贤友，大迦叶尊者已经依自己的智慧作了回答。那么，现在我们请问大目犍连尊者您……目犍连贤友，怎样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’尊者，当我这样问后，大目犍连尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有两位比丘在谈论阿毗达摩。他们互相提问，对于对方的提问能解答而不滞碍，并且他们之间进行的是一场如法的讨论。舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’” “好，好，舍利弗！正如目犍连那样正确地解说着。舍利弗，目犍连确实是善于说法的人。”
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso moggallāna, āyasmatā mahākassapena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ pucchāma…pe… kathaṃrūpena, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā mahāmoggallāno maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso sāriputta, dve bhikkhū abhidhammakathaṃ kathenti. Te aññamaññaṃ pañhaṃ pucchanti, aññamaññassa pañhaṃ puṭṭhā vissajjenti, no ca saṃsādenti, dhammī ca nesaṃ kathā pavattinī hoti. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta, yathā taṃ moggallānova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Moggallāno hi, sāriputta, dhammakathiko’’ti.
344听了这话之后，大目犍连尊者对世尊这样说：“尊者，那时我对舍利弗尊者这样说：‘舍利弗贤友，我们每个人都按各自的领悟作了回答。现在，我们想问舍利弗尊者您：舍利弗贤友，这果欣伽沙罗林令人愉悦，夜色皎洁，沙罗树花满枝头，天界的香气仿佛在飘荡。舍利弗贤友，怎样的比丘能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’尊者，听了这话，舍利弗尊者这样对我说：‘目犍连贤友，这里，比丘能令心自在，而不是被心所驱使。他在上午时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在上午时段安住于那种住与等至；他在中午时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在中午时段安住于那种住与等至；他在傍晚时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在傍晚时段安住于那种住与等至。目犍连贤友，就比如一位国王或国王的大臣，有一个装满了各种颜色衣服的衣箱。他上午想要穿哪一套衣服，上午就能穿上那一套；他中午想要穿哪一套衣服，中午就能穿上那一套；他傍晚想要穿哪一套衣服，傍晚就能穿上那一套。正是如此，目犍连贤友，比丘能令心自在，而不是被心所驱使。他在上午时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在上午时段安住于那种住与等至；他在中午时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在中午时段安住于那种住与等至；他在傍晚时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在傍晚时段安住于那种住与等至。目犍连贤友，这样的比丘，就能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’ ” “说得好，说得好，目犍连！这正如舍利弗正确回答时那样。目犍连，舍利弗确实能令心自在，而不是被心所驱使。他在上午时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在上午时段安住于那种住与等至；他在中午时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在中午时段安住于那种住与等至；他在傍晚时段想要安住于哪种住与等至，就能在傍晚时段安住于那种住与等至。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso sāriputta, amhehi sabbeheva yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ pucchāma – ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti. Kathaṃrūpena, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso, moggallāna, bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso moggallāna, rañño vā rājamahāmattassa vā nānārattānaṃ dussānaṃ dussakaraṇḍako pūro assa. So yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ , taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya majjhanhikasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupeyya. Evameva kho, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharati. Evarūpena kho, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, moggallāna! Yathā taṃ sāriputtova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Sāriputto hi, moggallāna, cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti no ca sāriputto cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharatī’’ti.
345听了这话之后，舍利弗尊者对世尊这样说：“尊者，谁的答话说得好呢？”“舍利弗，从各自的角度来说，你们每个人都说得很好。不过，你也听一下我的说法，怎样的比丘能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。舍利弗，这里，比丘在吃过饭后，从托钵处回来，盘腿而坐，挺直身体，让正念现前，然后下决心：‘只要我的心还没有从诸漏中无取著地解脱出来，我就不破此跏趺坐。’舍利弗，这样的比丘，就能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kassa nu kho, bhante, subhāsita’’nti? ‘‘Sabbesaṃ vo, sāriputta, subhāsitaṃ pariyāyena. Api ca mamapi suṇātha yathārūpena bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyya. Idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā – ‘na tāvāhaṃ imaṃ pallaṅkaṃ bhindissāmi yāva me nānupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccissatī’ti. Evarūpena kho, sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
15这是世尊所说的。那些尊者心中欢喜，对世尊的教导感到欣然满意。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te āyasmanto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
16大牛角经完 第二
Mahāgosiṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.