MN 32 · 大牛角经
332如是我闻：一时，世尊住在果欣伽沙罗林，与众多闻名的上座弟子们在一起，其中有尊者舍利弗、尊者大目犍连、尊者大迦叶、尊者阿那律、尊者离婆多、尊者阿难，以及其他闻名的上座弟子。那时，尊者大目犍连于傍晚时分从独处禅坐中起身，来到尊者大迦叶处，对他说：“大迦叶贤友，我们去尊者舍利弗那里闻法吧。”“好的，贤友。”尊者大迦叶答。于是尊者大目犍连、尊者大迦叶与尊者阿那律一同前往尊者舍利弗处闻法。尊者阿难望见尊者大目犍连、尊者大迦叶和尊者阿那律正前往尊者舍利弗处闻法。见后，他便到尊者离婆多那里，对他说：“离婆多贤友，那几位善知识正去尊者舍利弗那里闻法。离婆多贤友，我们也去尊者舍利弗处闻法吧。”“好的，贤友。”尊者离婆多答。于是尊者离婆多与尊者阿难也一同前往尊者舍利弗处闻法。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā gosiṅgasālavanadāye viharati sambahulehi abhiññātehi abhiññātehi therehi sāvakehi saddhiṃ – āyasmatā ca sāriputtena āyasmatā ca mahāmoggallānena āyasmatā ca mahākassapena āyasmatā ca anuruddhena āyasmatā ca revatena āyasmatā ca ānandena, aññehi ca abhiññātehi abhiññātehi therehi sāvakehi saddhiṃ. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāmāvuso, kassapa, yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamissāma dhammassavanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā ca mahāmoggallāno āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca anuruddho yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṃsu dhammassavanāya. Addasā kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantañca mahāmoggallānaṃ āyasmantañca mahākassapaṃ āyasmantañca anuruddhaṃ yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamante dhammassavanāya. Disvāna yenāyasmā revato tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavoca – ‘‘upasaṅkamantā kho amū, āvuso revata, sappurisā yenāyasmā sāriputto tena dhammassavanāya. Āyāmāvuso revata, yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamissāma dhammassavanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā revato āyasmato ānandassa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā ca revato āyasmā ca ānando yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṃsu dhammassavanāya.
333尊者舍利弗远远望见尊者离婆多与尊者阿难走来，见后便对尊者阿难说：“请过来，尊者阿难！欢迎世尊的侍者、常随世尊近旁的尊者阿难！阿难贤友，果欣伽沙罗林真令人愉悦，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，恍若飘散着天界的香气。阿难贤友，怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？”“舍利弗贤友，此处有比丘多闻，能持守所闻，积聚所闻。那些初善、中善、后善，具足义理与文句，宣说全然圆满清净梵行的法，这样的法他多所闻受，能忆持，以语言熟习，以心意审察，以正见通达。他为四众弟子开示法，以圆满清晰的言辞，相续无间，为的是断除烦恼随眠。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘便能为此果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Addasā kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantañca revataṃ āyasmantañca ānandaṃ dūratova āgacchante. Disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etu kho āyasmā ānando! Svāgataṃ āyasmato ānandassa bhagavato upaṭṭhākassa bhagavato santikāvacarassa! Ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso ānanda, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso ānanda, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta , bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthā sabyañjanā; kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti, dhātā , vacasā paricitā, manasānupekkhitā, diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. So catassannaṃ parisānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti parimaṇḍalehi padabyañjanehi anuppabandhehi anusayasamugghātāya. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
334听了这番话，尊者舍利弗对尊者离婆多说：“离婆多贤友，尊者阿难已依自己的辩才作了回答。现在，我们请问离婆多尊者：‘离婆多贤友，果欣伽沙罗林真令人愉悦，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，恍若飘散着天界的香气。离婆多贤友，怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’”“舍利弗贤友，此处有比丘乐于独处、喜爱独处，致力于内心的止，不废禅那，具足观智，常处空屋。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘便能为此果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso revata, āyasmatā ānandena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ revataṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso revata, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso revata, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu paṭisallānārāmo hoti paṭisallānarato, ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno, vipassanāya samannāgato, brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
335听了这番话，尊者舍利弗对尊者阿那律说：“阿那律贤友，离婆多尊者已依自己的辩才作了回答。现在，我们请问阿那律尊者：‘阿那律贤友，果欣伽沙罗林真令人愉悦，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，恍若飘散着天界的香气。阿那律贤友，怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’”“舍利弗贤友，此处有比丘以清净、超越凡夫的天眼，观察千世界。舍利弗贤友，犹如一个有眼力的男子登上高楼，能清晰地看见千个轮圈；同样地，比丘以清净、超越凡夫的天眼，观察千世界。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘便能为此果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso anuruddha, āyasmatā revatena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso anuruddha, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso anuruddha, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketi. Seyyathāpi, āvuso sāriputta, cakkhumā puriso uparipāsādavaragato sahassaṃ nemimaṇḍalānaṃ volokeyya; evameva kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketi. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
336闻已，尊者舍利弗对尊者大迦叶说：“迦叶贤友，阿那律尊者已随其辩才而作答。现在，我们要请问大迦叶尊者：迦叶贤友，果欣伽沙罗林确是宜人，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，恍若飘散天界的芳香。怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？”“舍利弗贤友，此处，比丘自己住于林中，并赞叹住林；自己托钵乞食，并赞叹托钵乞食；自己着粪扫衣，并赞叹着粪扫衣；自己只持三衣，并赞叹只持三衣；自己少欲，并赞叹少欲；自己知足，并赞叹知足；自己远离独住，并赞叹远离独住；自己不混杂尘俗，并赞叹不混杂尘俗；自己精进努力，并赞叹精进；自己戒行具足，并赞叹戒具足；自己定力具足，并赞叹定具足；自己智慧具足，并赞叹慧具足；自己解脱具足，并赞叹解脱具足；自己解脱知见具足，并赞叹解脱知见具足。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘能为果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso kassapa, āyasmatā anuruddhena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso kassapa, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso kassapa, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu attanā ca āraññiko hoti āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca piṇḍapātiko hoti piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca paṃsukūliko hoti paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca tecīvariko hoti tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca appiccho hoti appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca santuṭṭho hoti santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca pavivitto hoti pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca asaṃsaṭṭho hoti asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca āraddhavīriyo hoti vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca sīlasampanno hoti sīlasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca samādhisampanno hoti samādhisampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca paññāsampanno hoti paññāsampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca vimuttisampanno hoti vimuttisampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta , bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
337闻已，尊者舍利弗对尊者大目犍连说：“目犍连贤友，大迦叶尊者已随其辩才而作答。现在，我们要请问大目犍连尊者：目犍连贤友，果欣伽沙罗林确是宜人，月色皎洁，沙罗树花盛开，恍若飘散天界的芳香。怎样的比丘能为这片果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？”“舍利弗贤友，此处，两位比丘共论阿毗达摩，互相问答，对彼此所问皆能明了作答而无滞碍，法谈流转相续。舍利弗贤友，这样的比丘能为果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso moggallāna, āyasmatā mahākassapena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso moggallāna, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso sāriputta, dve bhikkhū abhidhammakathaṃ kathenti, te aññamaññaṃ pañhaṃ pucchanti, aññamaññassa pañhaṃ puṭṭhā vissajjenti, no ca saṃsādenti , dhammī ca nesaṃ kathā pavattinī hoti. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
338这时，大目犍连尊者对舍利弗尊者这样说：“舍利弗贤友，我们每个人都已依各自的智慧作了回答。那么，现在我们想请问舍利弗尊者您：贤友舍利弗，果欣伽沙罗林令人赏心悦目，今夜月光皎洁，沙罗树繁花尽放，仿佛散发着天界的芳香。舍利弗贤友，怎样的比丘能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？”“目犍连贤友，在此，有一位比丘能令心自在，而不被心所驱使。他想在上午依何种住与等至而安住，上午便能依那种住与等至而安住；他想在正午依何种住与等至而安住，正午便能依那种住与等至而安住；他想在傍晚依何种住与等至而安住，傍晚便能依那种住与等至而安住。目犍连贤友，就好比一位国王或国王的大臣，拥有一个装满各色衣服的衣箱。他上午想穿哪套衣服，上午便能穿上那套衣服；正午想穿哪套衣服，正午便能穿上那套衣服；傍晚想穿哪套衣服，傍晚便能穿上那套衣服。同样地，目犍连贤友，这位比丘能令心自在，而不被心所驱使。他想在上午依何种住与等至而安住，上午便能依那种住与等至而安住；他想在正午依何种住与等至而安住，正午便能依那种住与等至而安住；他想在傍晚依何种住与等至而安住，傍晚便能依那种住与等至而安住。目犍连贤友，正是这样的比丘能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。”
Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso sāriputta, amhehi sabbeheva yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ pucchāma – ‘ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso moggallāna, bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso moggallāna, rañño vā rājamahāmattassa vā nānārattānaṃ dussānaṃ dussakaraṇḍako pūro assa. So yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya majjhanhikasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupeyya. Evameva kho, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharati. Evarūpena kho, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
339这时，舍利弗尊者对那几位尊者说：“贤友们，我们各依己智，都已作出了回答。贤友们，来，我们一同前往世尊之处。到了以后，把这件事情禀告世尊。世尊如何解说，我们便如何受持。”“是的，贤友。”那几位尊者回应舍利弗尊者。于是，那几位尊者便前往世尊那里。到了之后，他们礼敬世尊，然后退坐一面。坐在一旁的舍利弗尊者对世尊这样说：“尊者，我看见离婆多尊者和阿难尊者从远处走来。看见之后，我对阿难尊者这样说：‘阿难尊者，请过来！欢迎世尊的侍者、常随世尊身旁的阿难尊者的到来！阿难贤友，这果欣伽沙罗林令人悦意，今夜月光皎洁，沙罗树繁花盛开，仿佛散发着天界的芳香。阿难贤友，怎样的比丘能为这果欣伽沙罗林增添光辉呢？’尊者，当我这样问后，阿难尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有一位比丘博闻强记……乃至能拔除随眠烦恼。舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能为这果欣伽沙罗林增添光辉。’”“善哉，善哉，舍利弗！阿难确实如你所说，作出了正确的解说。舍利弗，阿难正是博闻强记、广学多闻。那些法，初善、中善、后善，义理与文句具足，宣说完全圆满、清净的梵行；这样的法，他多所听闻、受持，以言辞熟习，以心意审察，以正见通达。他能以圆满流畅、相续不断的词句，为四众弟子说法，以拔除他们的随眠烦恼。”
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto te āyasmante etadavoca – ‘‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso, amhehi sabbeheva yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Āyāmāvuso, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamissāma; upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ bhagavato ārocessāma. Yathā no bhagavā byākarissati tathā naṃ dhāressāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te āyasmanto āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Atha kho te āyasmanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, āyasmantañca revataṃ āyasmantañca ānandaṃ dūratova āgacchante. Disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘etu kho āyasmā ānando! Svāgataṃ āyasmato ānandassa bhagavato upaṭṭhākassa bhagavato santikāvacarassa! Ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso ānanda, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti; kathaṃrūpena, āvuso ānanda, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā ānando maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso, sāriputta, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo…pe… anusayasamugghātāya. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yathā taṃ ānandova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Ānando hi, sāriputta, bahussuto sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthā sabyañjanā; kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti, dhātā, vacasā paricitā, manasānupekkhitā, diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. So catassannaṃ parisānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti parimaṇḍalehi padabyañjanehi anuppabandhehi anusayasamugghātāyā’’ti.
340“尊者，听了阿难尊者这番话后，我便对离婆多尊者说：‘离婆多贤友，阿难尊者已依自己的智慧作了回答。在此，我想请问离婆多尊者您：离婆多贤友，果欣伽沙罗林令人愉悦，今夜月明，遍照无翳，沙罗树繁花尽放，仿佛天香弥漫。离婆多贤友，怎样的比丘能令这果欣伽沙罗林更添光辉呢？’尊者，当我这样问后，离婆多尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有一位比丘乐于独处、爱好独处，专注于内心的止修，不废弃禅那，具足观慧，常住空闲处。舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能令这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’”“善哉，善哉，舍利弗！离婆多确是按他相应的方式作了正确的解说。舍利弗，离婆多确实乐于独处、爱好独处，专注于内心的止修，不废弃禅那，具足观慧，是一位常住空闲处的人。”
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso revata āyasmatā ānandena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ revataṃ pucchāma – ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso revata, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā maññe gandhā sampavanti. Kathaṃrūpena, āvuso revata, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā revato maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso sāriputta bhikkhu paṭisallānārāmo hoti paṭisallānarato , ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto, anirākatajjhāno, vipassanāya samannāgato, brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yathā taṃ revatova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Revato hi, sāriputta, paṭisallānārāmo paṭisallānarato, ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno, vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārāna’’nti.
341“尊者，听了离婆多尊者这番话后，我又对阿那律尊者说：‘阿那律贤友，离婆多尊者已依自己的智慧作了回答……阿那律贤友，怎样的比丘能令这果欣伽沙罗林更添光辉呢？’尊者，当我这样问后，阿那律尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有一位比丘以清净、超越常人的天眼观察一千个世界。舍利弗贤友，就好比一位有眼力的人……舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能令这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’”“善哉，善哉，舍利弗！阿那律确是按他相应的方式作了正确的解说。舍利弗，阿那律确实以清净、超越常人的天眼观察一千个世界。”
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho āvuso anuruddha āyasmatā revatena…pe… kathaṃrūpena, āvuso anuruddha, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā anuruddho maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketi. Seyyathāpi, āvuso sāriputta, cakkhumā puriso…pe… evarūpena kho āvuso sāriputta bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta, yathā taṃ anuruddhova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Anuruddho hi, sāriputta, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sahassaṃ lokānaṃ voloketī’’ti.
342“尊者，当阿那律尊者这样说了之后，我又请问大迦叶尊者：‘迦叶贤友，阿那律尊者已依其智慧作了回答。那么，现在我们请问大迦叶尊者：迦叶贤友，怎样的比丘能令这果欣伽沙罗林焕发光辉呢？’尊者，我这样问后，大迦叶尊者回答我说：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有比丘自身是林居者，并赞叹林居行；自身是乞食者，并赞叹乞食行；自身是粪扫衣者，并赞叹粪扫衣行；自身是三衣者，并赞叹三衣行；自身是少欲者，并赞叹少欲；自身是知足者，并赞叹知足；自身是远离者，并赞叹远离；自身是离群者，并赞叹离群；自身是精进者，并赞叹精进；自身是戒具足者，并赞叹戒具足；自身是定具足者，并赞叹定具足；自身是慧具足者，并赞叹慧具足；自身是解脱具足者，并赞叹解脱具足；自身是解脱知见具足者，并赞叹解脱知见的具足。舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能令这果欣伽沙罗林焕发光辉。’”
“善哉，善哉，舍利弗！迦叶的回答恰如其分。舍利弗，迦叶确实是自身林居者，并赞叹林居行；自身乞食者，并赞叹乞食行；自身粪扫衣者，并赞叹粪扫衣行；自身三衣者，并赞叹三衣行；自身少欲者，并赞叹少欲；自身知足者，并赞叹知足；自身远离者，并赞叹远离；自身离群者，并赞叹离群；自身精进者，并赞叹精进；自身戒具足者，并赞叹戒具足；自身定具足者，并赞叹定具足；自身慧具足者，并赞叹慧具足；自身解脱具足者，并赞叹解脱具足；自身解脱知见具足者，并赞叹解脱知见的具足。”
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso kassapa āyasmatā anuruddhena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ pucchāma…pe… kathaṃ rūpena kho, āvuso kassapa, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte bhante, āyasmā mahākassapo maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu attanā ca āraññiko hoti āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca piṇḍapātiko hoti…pe… attanā ca paṃsukūliko hoti…pe… attanā ca tecīvariko hoti…pe… attanā ca appiccho hoti…pe… attanā ca santuṭṭho hoti…pe… attanā ca pavivitto hoti…pe… attanā ca asaṃsaṭṭho hoti…pe… attanā ca āraddhavīriyo hoti…pe… attanā ca sīlasampanno hoti…pe… attanā ca samādhisampanno hoti…pe… attanā ca paññāsampanno hoti… attanā ca vimuttisampanno hoti… attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti . ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yathā taṃ kassapova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Kassapo hi, sāriputta, attanā ca āraññiko āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca piṇḍapātiko piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca paṃsukūliko paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca tecīvariko tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca appiccho appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca santuṭṭho santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca pavivitto pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca asaṃsaṭṭho asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca āraddhavīriyo vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca sīlasampanno sīlasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca samādhisampanno samādhisampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca paññāsampanno paññāsampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca vimuttisampanno vimuttisampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī, attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadāya ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti.
343“尊者，大迦叶尊者如此说后，我又向大目犍连尊者说：‘目犍连贤友，大迦叶尊者已依各自的智慧作了回答。现在我们想请问大目犍连尊者您：目犍连贤友，怎样的比丘能使这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’尊者，我这样问后，大目犍连尊者这样回答我：‘舍利弗贤友，在此，有两位比丘共论阿毗达摩。他们互相提问，对彼此的提问能应答无滞，而且他们之间进行的是一场如法的论议。舍利弗贤友，正是这样的比丘能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’” “好，好，舍利弗！正如目犍连那样正确地解说。舍利弗，目犍连确实是善于说法的人。”
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso moggallāna, āyasmatā mahākassapena yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ pucchāma…pe… kathaṃrūpena, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā mahāmoggallāno maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso sāriputta, dve bhikkhū abhidhammakathaṃ kathenti. Te aññamaññaṃ pañhaṃ pucchanti, aññamaññassa pañhaṃ puṭṭhā vissajjenti, no ca saṃsādenti, dhammī ca nesaṃ kathā pavattinī hoti. Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta, yathā taṃ moggallānova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Moggallāno hi, sāriputta, dhammakathiko’’ti.
344闻此语已，大目犍连尊者对世尊这样说：“尊者，那时我便对舍利弗尊者这样说道：‘舍利弗贤友，我们各自都依自己的领悟作了回答。而今我们想请问舍利弗尊者您：舍利弗贤友，这果欣伽沙罗林令人心悦，夜色皎洁，沙罗树花满枝头，天界的香气仿佛正在飘荡。舍利弗贤友，怎样的比丘才能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉呢？’尊者，我这样说后，舍利弗尊者便对我这样说道：‘目犍连贤友，在此，一位比丘能令心自在，而不被心所驱使。他若想在上午时段安住于某种住与等至，上午便能安住于那种住与等至；他若想在中午时段安住于某种住与等至，中午便能安住于那种住与等至；他若想在傍晚时段安住于某种住与等至，傍晚便能安住于那种住与等至。目犍连贤友，犹如一位国王或国王的大臣，拥有一个装满各色衣物的衣箱。他上午想要穿哪一套衣物，上午便能穿上那一套；他中午想要穿哪一套衣物，中午便能穿上那一套；他傍晚想要穿哪一套衣物，傍晚便能穿上那一套。正是如此，目犍连贤友，那位比丘能令心自在，而不被心所驱使。他若想在上午时段安住于某种住与等至，上午便能安住于那种住与等至；他若想在中午时段安住于某种住与等至，中午便能安住于那种住与等至；他若想在傍晚时段安住于某种住与等至，傍晚便能安住于那种住与等至。目犍连贤友，这样的比丘，便能为这果欣伽沙罗林增辉。’”“说得好，说得好，目犍连！这正如舍利弗正确回答时那样。目犍连，舍利弗确实能令心自在，而不被心所驱使。他若想在上午时段安住于某种住与等至，上午便能安住于那种住与等至；他若想在中午时段安住于某种住与等至，中午便能安住于那种住与等至；他若想在傍晚时段安住于某种住与等至，傍晚便能安住于那种住与等至。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘byākataṃ kho, āvuso sāriputta, amhehi sabbeheva yathāsakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ. Tattha dāni mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ pucchāma – ramaṇīyaṃ, āvuso sāriputta, gosiṅgasālavanaṃ, dosinā ratti, sabbaphāliphullā sālā, dibbā, maññe, gandhā sampavanti. Kathaṃrūpena, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’ti? Evaṃ vutte, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘idhāvuso, moggallāna, bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso moggallāna, rañño vā rājamahāmattassa vā nānārattānaṃ dussānaṃ dussakaraṇḍako pūro assa. So yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ , taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya majjhanhikasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ pārupeyya; yaññadeva dussayugaṃ ākaṅkheyya sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupituṃ, taṃ tadeva dussayugaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ pārupeyya. Evameva kho, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhu cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti, no ca bhikkhu cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharati. Evarūpena kho, āvuso moggallāna, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, moggallāna! Yathā taṃ sāriputtova sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Sāriputto hi, moggallāna, cittaṃ vasaṃ vatteti no ca sāriputto cittassa vasena vattati. So yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā majjhanhikasamayaṃ viharati; yāya vihārasamāpattiyā ākaṅkhati sāyanhasamayaṃ viharituṃ, tāya vihārasamāpattiyā sāyanhasamayaṃ viharatī’’ti.
345听了这话，舍利弗尊者对世尊说：“尊者，谁说得最善妙呢？”“舍利弗，从各自的角度来说，你们都说得善妙。不过，你们也听听我的说法——怎样的比丘能为这果欣伽沙罗林增添光辉。舍利弗，这里，比丘食毕，从托钵处归来，结跏趺坐，挺直身体，令正念现前，然后下定决心：‘只要我的心尚未从诸漏中以无取著而得解脱，我就不松开此跏趺坐。’舍利弗，这样的比丘，就能为这果欣伽沙罗林增添光辉。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kassa nu kho, bhante, subhāsita’’nti? ‘‘Sabbesaṃ vo, sāriputta, subhāsitaṃ pariyāyena. Api ca mamapi suṇātha yathārūpena bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyya. Idha, sāriputta, bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā – ‘na tāvāhaṃ imaṃ pallaṅkaṃ bhindissāmi yāva me nānupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccissatī’ti. Evarūpena kho, sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti.
15世尊如此说。那些尊者满心欢喜，对世尊的教导随喜赞叹。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te āyasmanto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
16《大牛角经》第二终
Mahāgosiṅgasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.