MN 16 · 心荒芜经
185如是我闻：一时，世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时，世尊对比丘们说：“诸比丘。”比丘们应答道：“尊者。”世尊如是说：
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
2“诸比丘，若有比丘已断除五种心荒芜、善断五种心系缚，他于此法与律中能获得增长、增广、广大，此事是可能的。”
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pañca cetokhilā pahīnā, pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā, so vatimasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissatīti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.
3“何等为未断除的五种心荒芜？诸比丘，于此，有比丘对导师怀疑、踌躇、不确信、不净信。诸比丘，对导师怀疑、踌躇、不确信、不净信的比丘，其心便不倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。此心既不倾于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，即是其第一种未断除的心荒芜。”
‘‘Katamāssa pañca cetokhilā appahīnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
4再者，诸比丘，若比丘对法怀疑、犹豫，不确信、不澄净……这就是他第二种未断除的心荒芜。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhamme kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ dutiyo cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
5再者，诸比丘，若比丘对僧怀疑、犹豫，不确信、不澄净……这就是他第三种未断除的心荒芜。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅghe kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ tatiyo cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
6“再者，诸比丘，若比丘对戒学怀疑、犹豫，不确信、不澄净。诸比丘，那位对戒学怀疑、犹豫，不确信、不澄净的比丘，他的心便不会倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。当一个人的心不倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，这就是他第四种未断除的心荒芜。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sikkhāya kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sikkhāya kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ catuttho cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
7再者，比丘们，有比丘对同梵行者不愤怒、不怀不满，心无抵触，不生敌意。比丘们，那位对同梵行者不愤怒、不怀不满，心无抵触，不生敌意的比丘，他的心便倾向于热忱、专注修行、持续不断、精勤努力。当心倾向于热忱、专注修行、持续不断、精勤努力时，他这第五种心的荒芜便这样被断除了。他的这五种心的荒芜，都已被断除。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu na kupito hoti na anattamano anāhatacitto akhilajāto. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu na kupito hoti na anattamano anāhatacitto akhilajāto, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo pahīno hoti. Imāssa pañca cetokhilā pahīnā honti.
186诸比丘，什么是他们尚未断除的五种心系缚？诸比丘，于此，有比丘于感官欲乐未离贪染、未离去欲、未离喜爱、未离渴求、未离热恼、未离渴爱。诸比丘，那位于感官欲乐未离贪染、未离去欲、未离喜爱、未离渴求、未离热恼、未离渴爱的比丘，他的心不趣向热诚、精勤、恒常与策励。当心不趣向热诚、精勤、恒常与策励，这便是他的第一种未断除的心系缚。
‘‘Katamāssa pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāme avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāme avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
9复次，诸比丘，比丘于自身未离贪染。如此，这便是他的第二种未断除的心系缚。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye avītarāgo hoti…pe… evamassāyaṃ dutiyo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
10诸比丘，复次，有比丘于色未离贪……这即是他未断除的第三种心系缚。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpe avītarāgo hoti…pe… evamassāyaṃ tatiyo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
11诸比丘，复次，有比丘饱食满腹，纵情耽溺于睡眠之乐、倚卧之乐、昏睡之乐。诸比丘，若比丘如此饱食满腹，耽溺于睡眠、倚卧、昏睡之乐，其心则不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，这即是他未断除的第四种心系缚。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ catuttho cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
12诸比丘，复次，有比丘为求生某天界而修梵行，心想：‘愿我以此戒、此誓愿、此苦行、此梵行，成为天神或某天众。’诸比丘，若比丘为求生某天界而修梵行，其心则不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。心不趣向，这即是他未断除的第五种心系缚。此五种心系缚，他尚未断除。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya . Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti. Imāssa pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā honti.
13诸比丘，若任何比丘未断除这五种心荒芜，未彻底斩断这五种心系缚，而能在此法、律中获得增长、进步、广大——这是不可能的事。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ime pañca cetokhilā appahīnā, ime pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā, so vatimasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissatīti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
187诸比丘，若任何比丘未断除这五种心荒芜，未彻底斩断这五种心系缚，他便不能在此法、律中获得增长、进步、广大——这是不可能的事。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pañca cetokhilā appahīnā, pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā, so vatimasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissatīti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
15他已断除哪五种心荒芜呢？诸比丘，在此，一位比丘对导师不怀疑、不犹豫，确信并净信。诸比丘，当比丘对导师不怀疑、不犹豫，确信并净信时，他的心便倾向于热诚、精勤、恒常、精进。当心倾向于热诚、精勤、恒常、精进时，他的这第一种心荒芜便已断除。
‘‘Katamāssa pañca cetokhilā pahīnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
16“再者，诸比丘，比丘于法不怀疑、无疑惑，深生信解，心得净信……如此，他便断除了第二种心荒芜。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhamme na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ dutiyo cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
17“再者，诸比丘，比丘于僧不怀疑、无疑惑，深生信解，心得净信……如此，他便断除了第三种心荒芜。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅghe na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ tatiyo cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
18“再者，诸比丘，比丘于学处不怀疑、无疑惑，深生信解，心得净信……如此，他便断除了第四种心荒芜。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sikkhāya na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ catuttho cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
19再者，诸比丘，比丘若对同梵行者心怀愤懑、不悦、敌意与荒芜，内心便成荒芜。诸比丘，当比丘对同梵行者心怀愤懑、不悦、敌意与荒芜，其心便不趣向热忱、勤修、恒常、精勤。心不趣向热忱、勤修、恒常、精勤时，这便是他第五种未断的心之荒芜。他的这五种心之荒芜还未被断除。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo appahīno hoti. Imāssa pañca cetokhilā appahīnā honti.
188他彻底断除了哪五种心的系缚呢？诸比丘，在此，有比丘对于感官欲望离了贪，离了意愿，离了喜爱，离了渴求，离了热恼，离了渴爱。诸比丘，那位对于感官欲望离了贪、离了意愿、离了喜爱、离了渴求、离了热恼、离了渴爱的比丘，他的心便倾向于热忱、勤修、恒常与精勤。当心倾向于热忱、勤修、恒常、精勤时，他的这第一种心的系缚便被彻底断除。
‘‘Katamāssa pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāme vītarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāme vītarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetasovinibandho susamucchinno hoti.
21再者，诸比丘，比丘于身体离贪……于色离贪……他不会为了填满肚腹而放纵饮食，饱食之后便耽溺于躺卧的安乐、倚靠的安乐与睡眠的安乐而住。诸比丘，当比丘不会为了填满肚腹而放纵饮食，饱食之后不耽溺于躺卧的安乐、倚靠的安乐与睡眠的安乐而住，其心便倾向于热忱、勤修、恒常、精勤。当心如此倾向于热忱、勤修、恒常、精勤时，他的这第四种心之系缚便被彻底断除了。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye vītarāgo hoti…pe… rūpe vītarāgo hoti…pe… na yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ catuttho cetasovinibandho susamucchinno hoti.
22再者，诸比丘，一位比丘不以投生某一类天界为目标而修习梵行，心中不作此念：‘我凭此戒、此誓愿、此苦行或此梵行，将成为天神或某一类天神。’诸比丘，那位不以投生某一类天界为目标而修习梵行、心中不作此念：‘我凭此戒、此誓愿、此苦行或此梵行，将成为天神或某一类天神’的比丘，他的心便倾向于热诚、精勤、相续不息、勇猛精进。对于心倾向于热诚、精勤、相续不息、勇猛精进者，他这第五种心的系缚便如此被彻底断除。他这五种心的系缚，都已彻底断除了。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetasovinibandho susamucchinno hoti. Imāssa pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā honti.
23诸比丘，任何一位比丘，若已断除这五种心的荒芜，彻底断除这五种心的系缚，那么，他于此法、律中增长、增进、广大，这是可能的。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ime pañca cetokhilā pahīnā, ime pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā, so vatimasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissatīti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.
189他修习具足欲定与精勤行的神足，修习具足精进定与精勤行的神足，修习具足心定与精勤行的神足，修习具足审察定与精勤行的神足，而热切本身正是第五支。诸比丘，那位像这样具足此含热切的十五支的比丘，就能够导向厌离，能够导向正觉，能够证得无上的安稳解脱。诸比丘，犹如一只母鸡孵着八个、十个或十二个蛋。那些蛋被母鸡妥善地孵着、妥善地温暖着、妥善地培育着。即使那只母鸡心中不会生起这样的愿望：‘啊，但愿我的这些小鸡，能用它们的脚爪尖或小嘴尖，啄破蛋壳，安稳地出来。’然而，那些小鸡仍然能够用它们的脚爪尖或小嘴尖，啄破蛋壳，安稳地出来。诸比丘，同样地，那位像这样具足含热切的十五支的比丘，就必定能够导向厌离，能够导向正觉，能够证得无上的安稳解脱。
‘‘So chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, ussoḷhīyeva pañcamī. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, evaṃ ussoḷhīpannarasaṅgasamannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo abhinibbidāya, bhabbo sambodhāya, bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kukkuṭiyā aṇḍāni aṭṭha vā dasa vā dvādasa vā. Tānassu kukkuṭiyā sammā adhisayitāni sammā pariseditāni sammā paribhāvitāni. Kiñcāpi tassā kukkuṭiyā na evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho vatime kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjeyyu’nti. Atha kho bhabbāva te kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjituṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, evaṃ ussoḷhipannarasaṅgasamannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo abhinibbidāya, bhabbo sambodhāya, bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti.
25世尊如是开示。诸比丘心满意足，对世尊的教说随喜赞叹。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
26第六·心荒芜经 终
Cetokhilasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ.