MN 16 · 心荒芜经
185如是我闻：有一次，世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。在那里，世尊对在场的比丘们说：“比丘们。”那些比丘回应世尊说：“尊者。”世尊这样说道——
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
2“各位比丘，如果哪位比丘五种心荒芜已经断除，五种心系缚已经彻底根除，那么他能在这法与律中获得成长、增进、广大——这是可能的事情。”
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pañca cetokhilā pahīnā, pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā, so vatimasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissatīti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.
3“他有哪些未断除的五种心荒芜呢？比丘们，这里，一位比丘对导师怀疑、踌躇、不确信、不澄净。比丘们，那位对导师怀疑、踌躇、不确信、不澄净的比丘，他的心就不会倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。当一个人的心不倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，这就是他第一种未断除的心荒芜。
‘‘Katamāssa pañca cetokhilā appahīnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
4“再者，比丘们，一位比丘对法怀疑、踌躇、不确信、不澄净……这就是他第二种未断除的心荒芜。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhamme kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ dutiyo cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
5“再者，比丘们，一位比丘对僧怀疑、踌躇、不确信、不澄净……这就是他第三种未断除的心荒芜。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅghe kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ tatiyo cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
6“再者，比丘们，一位比丘对戒学怀疑、踌躇、不确信、不澄净。比丘们，那位对戒学怀疑、踌躇、不确信、不澄净的比丘，他的心就不会倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。当一个人的心不倾向于热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，这就是他第四种未断除的心荒芜。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sikkhāya kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sikkhāya kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ catuttho cetokhilo appahīno hoti.
7再者，比丘们，一位比丘对同修梵行者不生气、不不满、心无抵触、不生敌意。比丘们，那位对同修梵行者不生气、不不满、心无抵触、不生敌意的比丘，他的心就倾向于热诚、致力于修行、持续不断、精勤努力。对于心倾向于热诚、致力于修行、持续不断、精勤努力的人，他的这第五种心的荒芜就这样被断除了。他的这五种心的荒芜都被断除了。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu na kupito hoti na anattamano anāhatacitto akhilajāto. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu na kupito hoti na anattamano anāhatacitto akhilajāto, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo pahīno hoti. Imāssa pañca cetokhilā pahīnā honti.
186比丘们，什么是他的五种未断除的心系缚呢？比丘们，这里，比丘对感官欲乐未离贪、未离欲、未离喜爱、未离渴求、未离热恼、未离渴爱。比丘们，那位对感官欲乐未离贪的比丘，他的心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。当心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，这就是他的第一种未断除的心系缚。
‘‘Katamāssa pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāme avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāme avītarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
9诸比丘们，再有，比丘对自己身体未离贪……（中略）这就是他的第二种未断除的心系缚。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye avītarāgo hoti…pe… evamassāyaṃ dutiyo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
10诸比丘们，再有，比丘对外在形色未离贪……（中略）这就是他的第三种未断除的心系缚。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpe avītarāgo hoti…pe… evamassāyaṃ tatiyo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
11诸比丘们，再有，比丘尽情吃饱后，沉溺于躺卧之乐、倚靠之乐、昏睡之乐而住。比丘们，那位尽情吃饱后，沉溺于躺卧之乐、倚靠之乐、昏睡之乐而住的比丘，他的心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。当心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，这就是他的第四种未断除的心系缚。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ catuttho cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti.
12诸比丘们，再有，比丘发愿投生某个天界，以此而修梵行，心想：‘我藉由此戒、或此誓愿、或此苦行、或此梵行，将成为天神或某个天人。’比丘们，那位发愿投生某个天界而修梵行的比丘，他的心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。当心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，这就是他的第五种未断除的心系缚。他的这五种心系缚还未被断除。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya . Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetasovinibandho asamucchinno hoti. Imāssa pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā honti.
13“各位比丘，如果哪位比丘这五种心荒芜没有断除，这五种心系缚没有彻底根除，他却能在这法与律中获得成长、增进、广大的话——这是不可能的事情。”
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ime pañca cetokhilā appahīnā, ime pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā, so vatimasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissatīti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
187“比丘们，如果有任何一个比丘，他的五种心荒芜没有断除，五种心系缚没有彻底斩断，那么他在这个法与律中能够达到增长、进步、广大——这是不可能的事。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pañca cetokhilā appahīnā, pañca cetasovinibandhā asamucchinnā, so vatimasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissatīti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
15“他断除了哪五种心荒芜呢？各位比丘，在此，一位比丘对导师不怀疑、不疑惑，确信并净信。各位比丘，当这位比丘对导师不怀疑、不疑惑，确信并净信时，他的心就倾向于热诚、精勤、恒常、精进。当他的心倾向于热诚、精勤、恒常、精进时，他的这第一种心荒芜就被断除了。”
‘‘Katamāssa pañca cetokhilā pahīnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satthari na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
16“再者，各位比丘，一位比丘对法不怀疑、不疑惑，确信并净信……如此，他的这第二种心荒芜就被断除了。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhamme na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ dutiyo cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
17“再者，各位比丘，一位比丘对僧不怀疑、不疑惑，确信并净信……如此，他的这第三种心荒芜就被断除了。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅghe na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ tatiyo cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
18“再者，各位比丘，一位比丘对戒学不怀疑、不疑惑，确信并净信……如此，他的这第四种心荒芜就被断除了。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sikkhāya na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati adhimuccati sampasīdati…pe… evamassāyaṃ catuttho cetokhilo pahīno hoti.
19诸比丘们，再有，比丘对同梵行者们生气、不悦、心怀敌意，心成荒芜。比丘们，那位对同梵行者们生气、不悦、心怀敌意、心成荒芜的比丘，他的心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤。当心不趣向热诚、勤修、恒常、精勤，这就是他的第五种未断的心荒芜。他的这五种心荒芜还未被断除。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khilajāto, tassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ na namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetokhilo appahīno hoti. Imāssa pañca cetokhilā appahīnā honti.
188他的哪五种心的系缚被彻底断除了呢？比丘们，在此，一位比丘对感官欲望离了贪，舍离了意愿，舍离了喜爱，舍离了渴求，舍离了热恼，舍离了渴爱。比丘们，那位对感官欲望离了贪，舍离了意愿，舍离了喜爱，舍离了渴求，舍离了热恼，舍离了渴爱的比丘，他的心就倾向于热诚、致力于修行、持续不断、精勤努力。对于心倾向于热诚、致力于修行、持续不断、精勤努力的人，他的这第一种心的系缚就这样被彻底断除了。
‘‘Katamāssa pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā honti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāme vītarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāme vītarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ paṭhamo cetasovinibandho susamucchinno hoti.
21再者，比丘们，一位比丘对身体离了贪……对色法离了贪……他不会为了填饱肚子吃到撑，然后耽溺于躺卧之乐、靠卧之乐、睡眠之乐而住。比丘们，那位不会为了填饱肚子吃到撑，然后耽溺于躺卧之乐、靠卧之乐、睡眠之乐而住的比丘，他的心就倾向于热诚、致力于修行、持续不断、精勤努力。对于心倾向于热诚、致力于修行、持续不断、精勤努力的人，他的这第四种心的系缚就这样被彻底断除了。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye vītarāgo hoti…pe… rūpe vītarāgo hoti…pe… na yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ catuttho cetasovinibandho susamucchinno hoti.
22再者，比丘们，一位比丘不会以投生某一类天界为目标而修习梵行，心里想着：‘我凭靠这戒行、这誓愿、这苦行或这梵行，将会成为天神或某一类天神。’比丘们，那位不会以投生某一类天界为目标而修习梵行，心里想着：‘我凭靠这戒行、这誓愿、这苦行或这梵行，将会成为天神或某一类天神’的比丘，他的心就倾向于热诚、致力于修行、持续不断、精勤努力。对于心倾向于热诚、致力于修行、持续不断、精勤努力的人，他的这第五种心的系缚就这样被彻底断除了。他的这五种心的系缚都被彻底断除了。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti. Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ carati – ‘imināhaṃ sīlena vā vatena vā tapena vā brahmacariyena vā devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā’ti, tassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya. Yassa cittaṃ namati ātappāya anuyogāya sātaccāya padhānāya, evamassāyaṃ pañcamo cetasovinibandho susamucchinno hoti. Imāssa pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā honti.
23比丘们，任何一位比丘，只要他断除了这五种心的荒芜，彻底断除了这五种心的系缚，那么，他在这法与律中将会达到增长、增进、广大——这是有可能的。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ime pañca cetokhilā pahīnā, ime pañca cetasovinibandhā susamucchinnā, so vatimasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjissatīti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.
189他修习具备欲求、定力与精勤力量的成就基础，他修习具备精进、定力与精勤力量的成就基础，他修习具备心、定力与精勤力量的成就基础，他修习具备审察、定力与精勤力量的成就基础，而热切本身就是第五种力量。比丘们，那位像这样具备了这包含热切在内的十五种力量的比丘，就能够导向厌离，能够导向正觉，能够证得无上的安稳解脱。比丘们，这就像一只母鸡孵着八个、十个或十二个蛋。那些蛋被母鸡正确地孵着、正确地温暖着、正确地培育着。即使那只母鸡心里不会生起这样的愿望：‘啊，但愿我的这些小鸡们，能用它们的脚爪尖或小嘴尖，弄破蛋壳，安全地破壳而出。’然而，那些小鸡仍然是能够用它们的脚爪尖或小嘴尖，弄破蛋壳，安全地破壳而出的。比丘们，同样地，那位像这样具备了包含热切在内的十五种力量的比丘，就必定能够导向厌离，能够导向正觉，能够证得无上的安稳解脱。
‘‘So chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, ussoḷhīyeva pañcamī. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, evaṃ ussoḷhīpannarasaṅgasamannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo abhinibbidāya, bhabbo sambodhāya, bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kukkuṭiyā aṇḍāni aṭṭha vā dasa vā dvādasa vā. Tānassu kukkuṭiyā sammā adhisayitāni sammā pariseditāni sammā paribhāvitāni. Kiñcāpi tassā kukkuṭiyā na evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho vatime kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjeyyu’nti. Atha kho bhabbāva te kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjituṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, evaṃ ussoḷhipannarasaṅgasamannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo abhinibbidāya, bhabbo sambodhāya, bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti.
25世尊说了以上这番话。那些比丘们心里很满意，对世尊的开示欢喜信受。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
26心荒芜经完 第六
Cetokhilasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ.