MN 149 · 大六处经
428如是我闻：有一次，世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那里，世尊对比丘们说：“比丘们。”那些比丘回答：“尊师。”世尊这样说：“比丘们，我将为你们开示大六处。你们仔细听，好好作意，我要说了。”“好的，尊师。”那些比丘回答世尊。世尊这样说：
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘mahāsaḷāyatanikaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
429“比丘们，不如实知、不如实见眼，不如实知、不如实见诸色，不如实知、不如实见眼识，不如实知、不如实见眼触，不如实知、不如实见以眼触为缘而生起的感受——乐、苦或不苦不乐，便对眼贪著，对诸色贪著，对眼识贪著，对眼触贪著，对以眼触为缘而生起的感受——乐、苦或不苦不乐——也贪著。
‘‘Cakkhuṃ, bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, rūpe ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, cakkhusamphassaṃ ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, yamidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, cakkhusmiṃ sārajjati, rūpesu sārajjati, cakkhuviññāṇe sārajjati, cakkhusamphasse sārajjati, yamidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi sārajjati.
3“对于这位染著者、结缚者、迷乱者、随观味而住者，未来的五取蕴趋于增长；他那带来再生、伴随喜贪、处处欢喜的渴爱也随之增长；他身体上的不安也增长，心理上的不安也增长；身体上的苦恼也增长，心理上的苦恼也增长；身体上的热恼也增长，心理上的热恼也增长。他感受到身苦与心苦。
‘‘Tassa sārattassa saṃyuttassa sammūḷhassa assādānupassino viharato āyatiṃ pañcupādānakkhandhā upacayaṃ gacchanti. Taṇhā cassa ponobbhavikā nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, sā cassa pavaḍḍhati. Tassa kāyikāpi darathā pavaḍḍhanti, cetasikāpi darathā pavaḍḍhanti; kāyikāpi santāpā pavaḍḍhanti , cetasikāpi santāpā pavaḍḍhanti; kāyikāpi pariḷāhā pavaḍḍhanti, cetasikāpi pariḷāhā pavaḍḍhanti. So kāyadukkhampi cetodukkhampi paṭisaṃvedeti.
4“比丘们，不如实知、不如实见耳……不如实知、不如实见鼻……不如实知、不如实见舌……不如实知、不如实见身……不如实知、不如实见意，不如实知、不如实见诸法，不如实知、不如实见意识，不如实知、不如实见意触，不如实知、不如实见以意触为缘而生起的感受——乐、苦或不苦不乐，便对意贪著，对诸法贪著，对意识贪著，对意触贪著，对以意触为缘而生起的感受——乐、苦或不苦不乐——也贪著。
‘‘Sotaṃ , bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ…pe… ghānaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ…pe… jivhaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ…pe… kāyaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ…pe… manaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, dhamme, bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, manoviññāṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ , manosamphassaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, yamidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi ajānaṃ apassaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, manasmiṃ sārajjati, dhammesu sārajjati, manoviññāṇe sārajjati, manosamphasse sārajjati, yamidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi sārajjati.
5“对于这位染著者、结缚者、迷乱者、随观味而住者，未来的五取蕴趋于增长；他那带来再生、伴随喜贪、处处欢喜的渴爱也随之增长；他身体上的不安也增长，心理上的不安也增长；身体上的苦恼也增长，心理上的苦恼也增长；身体上的热恼也增长，心理上的热恼也增长。他感受到身苦与心苦。
‘‘Tassa sārattassa saṃyuttassa sammūḷhassa assādānupassino viharato āyatiṃ pañcupādānakkhandhā upacayaṃ gacchanti. Taṇhā cassa ponobbhavikā nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, sā cassa pavaḍḍhati. Tassa kāyikāpi darathā pavaḍḍhanti, cetasikāpi darathā pavaḍḍhanti; kāyikāpi santāpā pavaḍḍhanti, cetasikāpi santāpā pavaḍḍhanti; kāyikāpi pariḷāhā pavaḍḍhanti, cetasikāpi pariḷāhā pavaḍḍhanti. So kāyadukkhampi cetodukkhampi paṭisaṃvedeti.
430“然而，比丘们，如实知、如实见眼，如实知、如实见诸色，如实知、如实见眼识，如实知、如实见眼触，如实知、如实见以眼触为缘而生起的感受——乐、苦或不苦不乐，便对眼不贪著，对诸色不贪著，对眼识不贪著，对眼触不贪著，对以眼触为缘而生起的感受——乐、苦或不苦不乐——也不贪著。
‘‘Cakkhuñca kho, bhikkhave, jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, rūpe jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, cakkhusamphassaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, yamidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, cakkhusmiṃ na sārajjati, rūpesu na sārajjati, cakkhuviññāṇe na sārajjati, cakkhusamphasse na sārajjati, yamidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi na sārajjati.
7对于那位不贪著、不系缚、不迷惑，随观过患而住的人，未来的五取蕴走向减损。他那引向再生、伴随欢喜与贪爱、处处欢喜的渴爱，也被他舍断。他身体上的那些不安被舍断，心理上的那些不安被舍断；身体上的那些苦恼被舍断，心理上的那些苦恼被舍断；身体上的那些热恼被舍断，心理上的那些热恼被舍断。他感受到身乐与心乐。
‘‘Tassa asārattassa asaṃyuttassa asammūḷhassa ādīnavānupassino viharato āyatiṃ pañcupādānakkhandhā apacayaṃ gacchanti. Taṇhā cassa ponobbhavikā nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, sā cassa pahīyati. Tassa kāyikāpi darathā pahīyanti, cetasikāpi darathā pahīyanti; kāyikāpi santāpā pahīyanti, cetasikāpi santāpā pahīyanti; kāyikāpi pariḷāhā pahīyanti , cetasikāpi pariḷāhā pahīyanti. So kāyasukhampi cetosukhampi paṭisaṃvedeti.
431那位如实知见者的见解，就是他的正见；那位如实知见者的思惟，就是他的正思惟；那位如实知见者的精进，就是他的正精进；那位如实知见者的念，就是他的正念；那位如实知见者的定，就是他的正定。而在此之前，他的身业、语业、活命就已经非常清净了。这样，这圣八支道在他那里达到修习圆满。
‘‘Yā tathābhūtassa diṭṭhi sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi; yo tathābhūtassa saṅkappo svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo; yo tathābhūtassa vāyāmo svāssa hoti sammāvāyāmo; yā tathābhūtassa sati sāssa hoti sammāsati; yo tathābhūtassa samādhi svāssa hoti sammāsamādhi. Pubbeva kho panassa kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ ājīvo suparisuddho hoti. Evamassāyaṃ ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati.
9当他这样修习这圣八支道时，四念处也达到修习圆满，四正勤也达到修习圆满，四神足也达到修习圆满，五根也达到修习圆满，五力也达到修习圆满，七觉支也达到修习圆满。
‘‘Tassa evaṃ imaṃ ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvayato cattāropi satipaṭṭhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, cattāropi sammappadhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, cattāropi iddhipādā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, pañcapi indriyāni bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, pañcapi balāni bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, sattapi bojjhaṅgā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
10对他来说，这两种法并行运作着——止与观。他以证智遍知那些应当以证智遍知的法；他以证智遍舍那些应当以证智遍舍的法；他以证智修习那些应当以证智修习的法；他以证智作证那些应当以证智作证的法。
‘‘Tassime dve dhammā yuganandhā vattanti – samatho ca vipassanā ca. So ye dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā te dhamme abhiññā parijānāti. Ye dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā te dhamme abhiññā pajahati. Ye dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā te dhamme abhiññā bhāveti. Ye dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā te dhamme abhiññā sacchikaroti.
11诸比丘，哪些法应当以证智遍知呢？应当说就是‘五取蕴’，即：色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。这些法应当以证智遍知。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā? ‘Pañcupādānakkhandhā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā.
12诸比丘，哪些法应当以证智遍舍呢？无明与有爱——这些法应当以证智遍舍。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā? Avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca – ime dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā.
13“那么，比丘们，哪些法应当以证智去修习呢？止与观——这些法应当以证智去修习。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā? Samatho ca vipassanā ca – ime dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā.
14“那么，比丘们，哪些法应当以证智去作证呢？明与解脱——这些法应当以证智去作证。
‘‘Katame , bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā? Vijjā ca vimutti ca – ime dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā.
432“比丘们，了知、如实照见耳……比丘们，了知、如实照见鼻……了知、如实照见舌……了知、如实照见身……比丘们，了知、如实照见意；了知、如实照见诸法；了知、如实照见意识；了知、如实照见意触；也了知、如实照见由这意触为缘而生起的感受，无论是乐、苦，还是不苦不乐——对于意不贪著，对于诸法不贪著，对于意识不贪著，对于意触不贪著，对于由这意触为缘而生起的感受，无论是乐、苦，还是不苦不乐，也不贪著。
‘‘Sotaṃ , bhikkhave, jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ…pe… ghānaṃ bhikkhave, jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ…pe… jivhaṃ, bhikkhave, jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ… kāyaṃ, bhikkhave, jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ… manaṃ, bhikkhave, jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, dhamme jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, manoviññāṇaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, manosamphassaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, yamidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi jānaṃ passaṃ yathābhūtaṃ, manasmiṃ na sārajjati, dhammesu na sārajjati, manoviññāṇe na sārajjati, manosamphasse na sārajjati, yamidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi na sārajjati.
16“对于这位不贪著、不系缚、不迷惑，随观过患而住的人来说，未来的五取蕴会走向减损。他那伴随再生、与欢喜和贪染俱行、处处喜欢的渴爱，会被他舍断。他身体上的焦躁不安被舍断，心理上的焦躁不安也被舍断；身体上的苦恼被舍断，心理上的苦恼也被舍断；身体上的炽热被舍断，心理上的炽热也被舍断。他体验到身乐与心乐。
‘‘Tassa asārattassa asaṃyuttassa asammūḷhassa ādīnavānupassino viharato āyatiṃ pañcupādānakkhandhā apacayaṃ gacchanti. Taṇhā cassa ponobbhavikā nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī , sā cassa pahīyati. Tassa kāyikāpi darathā pahīyanti, cetasikāpi darathā pahīyanti; kāyikāpi santāpā pahīyanti, cetasikāpi santāpā pahīyanti; kāyikāpi pariḷāhā pahīyanti, cetasikāpi pariḷāhā pahīyanti. So kāyasukhampi cetosukhampi paṭisaṃvedeti.
433“这样如实之人所拥有的见，就是他的正见；这样如实之人所拥有的思惟，就是他的正思惟；这样如实之人所拥有的努力，就是他的正精进；这样如实之人所拥有的念，就是他的正念；这样如实之人所拥有的定，就是他的正定。而在此之前，他的身业、语业和活命就已经彻底清净了。就这样，这圣八支道在他这里达到了修习的圆满。
‘‘Yā tathābhūtassa diṭṭhi sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi; yo tathābhūtassa saṅkappo svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo; yo tathābhūtassa vāyāmo svāssa hoti sammāvāyāmo; yā tathābhūtassa sati sāssa hoti sammāsati; yo tathābhūtassa samādhi svāssa hoti sammāsamādhi. Pubbeva kho panassa kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ ājīvo suparisuddho hoti. Evamassāyaṃ ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati.
18当他这样修习这圣八支道时，四念处也达到了修习的圆满，四正勤也达到了修习的圆满，四神足也达到了修习的圆满，五根也达到了修习的圆满，五力也达到了修习的圆满，七觉支也达到了修习的圆满。”
‘‘Tassa evaṃ imaṃ ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvayato cattāropi satipaṭṭhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, cattāropi sammappadhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, cattāropi iddhipādā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, pañcapi indriyāni bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, pañcapi balāni bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, sattapi bojjhaṅgā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti.
19“在他身上，这两样东西是并行运作的——止与观。他以证智去遍知那些应当以证智遍知的法。他以证智去遍舍那些应当以证智遍舍的法。他以证智去修习那些应当以证智修习的法。他以证智去作证那些应当以证智作证的法。”
‘‘Tassime dve dhammā yuganandhā vattanti – samatho ca vipassanā ca. So ye dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā te dhamme abhiññā parijānāti. Ye dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā te dhamme abhiññā pajahati. Ye dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā te dhamme abhiññā bhāveti. Ye dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā te dhamme abhiññā sacchikaroti.
20“诸比丘，哪些法应当以证智遍知呢？应当这样说：‘五取蕴’。也就是：色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。这些，就是应当以证智遍知的法。”
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā? ‘Pañcupādānakkhandhā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā.
21“诸比丘，哪些法应当以证智遍舍呢？无明与有爱。这些，就是应当以证智遍舍的法。”
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā? Avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca – ime dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā.
22“诸比丘，哪些法应当以证智修习呢？止与观。这些，就是应当以证智修习的法。”
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā? Samatho ca vipassanā ca – ime dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā.
23“诸比丘，哪些法应当以证智作证呢？明与解脱。这些，就是应当以证智作证的法。”
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā? Vijjā ca vimutti ca – ime dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā’’ti.
24世尊说了这些。那些比丘对世尊的开示感到满意，内心欢喜。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
25大六处经完，第七
Mahāsaḷāyatanikasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ.