MN 134 · 罗摩塞咖亚一夜贤者经
286如是我闻：一时，世尊住舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时，尊者罗摩塞咖亚住在释迦国的迦毗罗卫城尼拘律园。深夜时分，栴檀那天子以其殊胜光辉遍照整座尼拘律园，来到尊者罗摩塞咖亚前，立于一面。立于一面后，栴檀那天子对尊者罗摩塞咖亚这样说：“比丘，你可受持了‘一夜贤者’的略说与广解？”“朋友，我未曾受持‘一夜贤者’的略说与广解。那么，朋友，你受持了吗？”“比丘，我也未曾受持‘一夜贤者’的略说与广解。不过，比丘，你受持了‘一夜贤者’的偈颂吗？”“朋友，我未曾受持‘一夜贤者’的偈颂。那么，朋友，你受持了吗？”“比丘，我受持了‘一夜贤者’的偈颂。”“朋友，你是如何受持‘一夜贤者’偈颂的呢？”“比丘，曾有一时，世尊住于三十三天，在波利质多罗树下、潘度甘巴拉石上。在那里，世尊为三十三天的天众宣说了‘一夜贤者’的略说与广解——”
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho candano devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ nigrodhārāmaṃ obhāsetvā yenāyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho candano devaputto āyasmantaṃ lomasakaṅgiyaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā’’ti? ‘‘Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’’ti? ‘‘Dhāremi kho ahaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’’ti? ‘‘Ekamidaṃ, bhikkhu, samayaṃ bhagavā devesu tāvatiṃsesu viharati pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ. Tatra bhagavā devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsi –
2不应追念过去，亦不期盼未来。
‘‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
3过去的已经舍离，未来的尚未到来。
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
4对于现前生起的每一法，于一切处如实观见。
‘‘Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
5不可征服，不可动摇，智者知此，当勤修习。
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
6今日便当精勤用功；谁知明日，死亡即至？
‘‘Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
7我们与拥有大军的死神，确无任何约定。
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
8如此安住、精勤，日夜无懈怠的人，
‘‘Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
9他便是寂静牟尼所称道的真正‘一夜贤者’。
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī’’ti.
10比丘，我正是这样持诵一夜贤者经偈的。比丘，你应学习一夜贤者经的略说与详解，掌握它，牢记它。比丘，一夜贤者经的略说与详解导向义利，是梵行的根本。栴檀那天子如是说，说完便在那里隐没。
‘‘Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ , bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādibrahmacariyako’’ti. Idamavoca candano devaputto. Idaṃ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi.
287那时，具寿罗摩塞咖亚是夜过后，整理好住处，取衣钵，朝着舍卫城的方向游行而去。他一路渐次游行，来到舍卫城祇树给孤独园，到了世尊前。向世尊行礼后，坐在一旁。坐定后，具寿罗摩塞咖亚对世尊这样说道：
Atha kho āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo tassā rattiyā accayena senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi jetavanaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
12尊者，有一次，我住在释迦国迦毗罗卫城的尼拘律园。那时，尊者，有一位天子，在深夜以殊胜的光明照亮整个尼拘律园，来到我面前，站在一旁。在一旁站定后，那位天子对我这样说：‘比丘，你持诵一夜贤者经的略说与详解吗？’听了这话，我便对那位天子说：‘朋友，我没有持诵一夜贤者经的略说与详解。那么朋友，你持诵一夜贤者经的略说与详解吗？’‘比丘，我也没有持诵一夜贤者经的略说与详解。可是，比丘，你持诵一夜贤者经的偈颂吗？’‘朋友，我没有持诵一夜贤者经的偈颂。那么朋友，你持诵一夜贤者经的偈颂吗？’‘比丘，我持诵一夜贤者经的偈颂。’‘那么，朋友，你是如何持诵一夜贤者经的偈颂的呢？’‘比丘，有一次，世尊住在三十三天波利质多罗树下的黄毯石上。在那里，世尊为三十三天的天神们开示了一夜贤者经的略说与详解——’
‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ sakkesu viharāmi kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho, bhante, aññataro devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ nigrodhārāmaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, bhante, so devaputto maṃ etadavoca – ‘dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā’ti? Evaṃ vutte ahaṃ, bhante, taṃ devaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā’ti? ‘Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’ti? ‘Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’ti? ‘Dhāremi kho ahaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’ti. ‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’ti? Ekamidaṃ, bhikkhu, samayaṃ bhagavā devesu tāvatiṃsesu viharati pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ . Tatra kho bhagavā devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsi –
13不追悔过去……
‘‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya…pe…
14寂静的牟尼，才称他为真正的“一夜贤者”。
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī’’ti.
15“比丘，我正是这样受持一夜贤者之偈的。比丘，你应当学取这一夜贤者的略说与广解；比丘，你应当通达这一夜贤者的略说与广解；比丘，你应当受持这一夜贤者的略说与广解。比丘，这一夜贤者的略说与广解，与义相应，是梵行的根本。”尊者，那位天子如此说后，便在那里消失了。善哉，尊者！愿世尊为我说这一夜贤者的略说与广解。
‘‘Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādibrahmacariyako’ti. Idamavoca, bhante, so devaputto; idaṃ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi. Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca desetū’’ti.
288“比丘，你认得那位天子吗？”“尊者，我不认得那位天子。”“比丘，那位天子名叫栴檀那。比丘，栴檀那天子将此法规为核心，用心思惟，全神贯注，倾耳听法。那么，比丘，谛听，善作意，我当演说。”“是的，尊者。”具寿罗摩塞咖亚答言。世尊这样说道：
‘‘Jānāsi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, taṃ devaputta’’nti? ‘‘Na kho ahaṃ, bhante, jānāmi taṃ devaputta’’nti. ‘‘Candano nāma so, bhikkhu, devaputto. Candano, bhikkhu, devaputto aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasikatvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇāti. Tena hi, bhikkhu, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
17不应追忆过去，亦不应期盼未来；
‘‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
18过去的已经舍离，未来的尚未到来。
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
19而对当下生起的法，于一切处如实观照；
‘‘Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
20那不动不摇、不可扰乱的，智者应当修习培育它。
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
21今日便应精进努力，谁知道死亡明天会不会来？
‘‘Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
22因为我们与那率领大军的死神，并无任何契约可订；
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā;
23如此安住精勤、日夜不懈怠者，
‘‘Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
24他确为‘善一夜贤者’，寂静牟尼如是宣说。
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate muni’’.
25比丘，如何是追逐过去？……比丘，这便是追逐过去。比丘，如何是不追逐过去？……比丘，这便是于过去不追逐。比丘，如何是期待未来？……比丘，这便是期待未来。比丘，如何是不期待未来？……比丘，这便是于未来不期待。比丘，如何是被现在诸法所牵动？……比丘，这便是被现在诸法所牵动。比丘，如何是不被现在诸法所牵动？……比丘，这便是于现在诸法不被牵动。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhu, atītaṃ anvāgameti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, atītaṃ anvāgameti. Kathañca , bhikkhu, atītaṃ nānvāgameti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, atītaṃ nānvāgameti. Kathañca, bhikkhu, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati. Kathañca, bhikkhu, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati. Kathañca, bhikkhu, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati. Kathañca, bhikkhu, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati.
26不应追逐过去，不应期盼未来；
‘‘Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;
27过去者已舍离，未来者未到来。
Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.
28凡是于现前诸法，处处以慧观者；
‘‘Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;
29那不可撼动、不可扰乱的，智者应当修习增长。
Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.
30今日即当精勤努力，谁又能确知明日死亡会不会来临？
‘‘Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;
31我们与拥有大军的死神，从无任何约定。
Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.
32如此精勤安住、日夜不懈怠者，
‘‘Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;
33“寂静的牟尼如是宣说：这就是善一夜。”
Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī’’ti.
34世尊如是说。尊者罗摩塞咖亚满心欢喜，对世尊的教言随喜赞叹。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā lomasakaṅgiyo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
35《罗摩塞咖亚一夜贤者经》第四 终
Lomasakaṅgiyabhaddekarattasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ catutthaṃ.