MN 127 · 阿那律经
229如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,五支工头对一个人说:“喂,你这个人,请去阿那律尊者那里。到了之后,用我的名义,以头礼拜阿那律尊者的双足,说:‘尊者,五支工头以头礼拜阿那律尊者的双足。’并且这样说:‘请阿那律尊者慈悲应允,明天带着四位同伴,到五支工头家应供。尊者,也请您慈悲,稍微早一点来。五支工头事务繁多,有很多事要做,尤其是国王的事。’”那人回答:“好的,尊者。”他听完五支工头的话后,就去见阿那律尊者。到了之后,向阿那律尊者行礼,然后坐在一边。坐定后,那人对阿那律尊者说:“尊者,五支工头以头礼拜阿那律尊者的双足,并且这样说:‘请阿那律尊者慈悲应允,明天带着四位同伴,到五支工头家应供。尊者,也请您慈悲,稍微早一点来。五支工头事务繁多,有很多事要做,尤其是国王的事。’”阿那律尊者以沉默的方式应允了。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, ambho purisa, yenāyasmā anuruddho tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena āyasmato anuruddhassa pāde sirasā vandāhi – ‘pañcakaṅgo, bhante, thapati āyasmato anuruddhassa pāde sirasā vandatī’ti; evañca vadehi – ‘adhivāsetu kira, bhante, āyasmā anuruddho pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa svātanāya attacatuttho bhattaṃ; yena ca kira, bhante, āyasmā anuruddho pagevataraṃ āgaccheyya; pañcakaṅgo, bhante, thapati bahukicco bahukaraṇīyo rājakaraṇīyenā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so puriso pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa paṭissutvā yenāyasmā anuruddho tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so puriso āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pañcakaṅgo, bhante, thapati āyasmato anuruddhassa pāde sirasā vandati, evañca vadeti – ‘adhivāsetu kira, bhante, āyasmā anuruddho pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa svātanāya attacatuttho bhattaṃ; yena ca kira, bhante, āyasmā anuruddho pagevataraṃ āgaccheyya; pañcakaṅgo, bhante, thapati bahukicco bahukaraṇīyo rājakaraṇīyenā’’’ti. Adhivāsesi kho āyasmā anuruddho tuṇhībhāvena.
230那夜过后,在清晨时分,阿那律尊者穿好下衣,手持衣钵,前往五支工头的住所。到了之后,在已铺好的座位上坐下。那时,五支工头亲手用精致的主食和副食供养阿那律尊者,让他吃饱喝足。然后,当阿那律尊者吃完饭,放下碗,手已离钵时,五支工头拿了一张矮凳,坐在一边。坐定后,五支工头对阿那律尊者说:
Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca –
3“尊者,有些长老比丘来我这里,这样教导我:‘居士,你要修习无量心解脱。’可另外一些长老却说:‘居士,你要修习广大心解脱。’尊者,这无量心解脱和广大心解脱,它们是意义不同、文句也不同,还是意义相同,只是文句有别呢?”“那么,居士,你自己在这个问题上是怎么想的呢?你尽管说出来,你不会有什么损失的。”“尊者,我是这样想的:这无量心解脱和广大心解脱,它们是意义相同,只是文句有别。”“居士,这无量心解脱和广大心解脱,它们确实是意义不同、文句也不同的。居士,关于它们为何意义不同、文句也不同,你应该通过这个方式来理解。”
‘‘Idha maṃ, bhante, therā bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘appamāṇaṃ, gahapati, cetovimuttiṃ bhāvehī’ti . Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu – ‘mahaggataṃ, gahapati, cetovimuttiṃ bhāvehī’ti. Yā cāyaṃ, bhante, appamāṇā cetovimutti yā ca mahaggatā cetovimutti – ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca, udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nāna’’nti? ‘‘Tena hi, gahapati, taṃ yevettha paṭibhātu. Apaṇṇakante ito bhavissatī’’ti. ‘‘Mayhaṃ kho, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘yā cāyaṃ appamāṇā cetovimutti yā ca mahaggatā cetovimutti ime dhammā ekatthā byañjanameva nāna’’’nti. ‘‘Yā cāyaṃ, gahapati, appamāṇā cetovimutti yā ca mahaggatā cetovimutti ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca . Tadamināpetaṃ, gahapati, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca’’.
4“居士,什么是无量心解脱呢?居士,在此,一位比丘以与慈俱行的心,遍满一个方向而住,同样地遍满第二个方向,同样地遍满第三个方向,同样地遍满第四个方向;如此,向上、向下、横向,于一切处、一切方位、整个世界,他以与慈俱行的心——广大的、宽广的、无量的、没有仇恨的、没有害意的——遍满而住。以与悲俱行的心……以与喜俱行的心……以与舍俱行的心,遍满一个方向而住,同样地遍满第二个方向,同样地遍满第三个方向,同样地遍满第四个方向;如此,向上、向下、横向,于一切处、一切方位、整个世界,他以与舍俱行的心——广大的、宽广的、无量的、没有仇恨的、没有害意的——遍满而住。居士,这就是所谓的无量心解脱。”
‘‘Katamā ca, gahapati, appamāṇā cetovimutti? Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā… muditāsahagatena cetasā… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapati, appamāṇā cetovimutti.
231“居士,什么是广大心解脱呢?居士,在此,一位比丘将‘以一株树根的范围’作为对象,确认为是‘广大的’,遍满而作意,安住于此。居士,这就是所谓的广大心解脱。居士,又或者,一位比丘将‘以两株或三株树根的范围’作为对象,确认为是‘广大的’,遍满而作意,安住于此。居士,这也就是所谓的广大心解脱。居士,又或者,一位比丘将‘以一个村落的范围’作为对象,确认为是‘广大的’,遍满而作意,安住于此。居士,这也就是所谓的广大心解脱。居士,又或者,一位比丘将‘以两个或三个村落的范围’作为对象,确认为是‘广大的’,遍满而作意,安住于此。居士,这也就是所谓的广大心解脱。居士,又或者,一位比丘将‘以一个王国的范围’作为对象,确认为是‘广大的’,遍满而作意,安住于此。居士,这也就是所谓的广大心解脱。居士,又或者,一位比丘将‘以两个或三个王国的范围’作为对象,确认为是‘广大的’,遍满而作意,安住于此。居士,这也就是所谓的广大心解脱。居士,又或者,一位比丘将‘以大海为边际的大地’作为对象,确认为是‘广大的’,遍满而作意,安住于此。居士,这也就是所谓的广大心解脱。居士,你应该通过这个方式来理解,为什么这些法是意义不同、文句也不同的。”
‘‘Katamā ca, gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti? Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana, gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā rukkhamūlāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati, gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana, gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ gāmakkhettaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati, gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana, gahapati , bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā gāmakkhettāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati, gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana, gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ mahārajjaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati, gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana, gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā mahārajjāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati, gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana, gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati, gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Iminā kho etaṃ, gahapati, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca.
232“居士,有四种‘存在’的投生方式。哪四种呢?居士,在此,有人将‘少光’作为对象,遍满而作意,安住于此。他在身体崩解、死后,就会投生到‘少光天’的天人群体中。居士,又有人将‘无量光’作为对象,遍满而作意,安住于此。他在身体崩解、死后,就会投生到‘无量光天’的天人群体中。居士,又有人将‘杂染光’作为对象,遍满而作意,安住于此。他在身体崩解、死后,就会投生到‘杂染光天’的天人群体中。居士,又有人将‘遍净光’作为对象,遍满而作意,安住于此。他在身体崩解、死后,就会投生到‘遍净光天’的天人群体中。居士,这就是四种‘存在’的投生方式。”
‘‘Catasso kho imā gahapati, bhavūpapattiyo. Katamā catasso? Idha, gahapati, ekacco ‘parittābhā’ti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā parittābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco ‘appamāṇābhā’ti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā appamāṇābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco ‘saṃkiliṭṭhābhā’ti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā saṃkiliṭṭhābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco ‘parisuddhābhā’ti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā parisuddhābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Imā kho, gahapati, catasso bhavūpapattiyo.
7居士,会有这样的情况:那些天人聚集到一处。当他们聚集到一处时,能看出他们之间有颜色的不同,但光却没有差别。居士,就好比有人把许多盏油灯搬进一间房子里。那些油灯搬进去之后,能看出它们之间有火焰的不同,但光却没有差别。同样的道理,居士,会有这样的情况:那些天人聚集到一处。当他们聚集到一处时,能看出他们之间有颜色的不同,但光却没有差别。
‘‘Hoti kho so, gahapati, samayo, yā tā devatā ekajjhaṃ sannipatanti, tāsaṃ ekajjhaṃ sannipatitānaṃ vaṇṇanānattañhi kho paññāyati no ca ābhānānattaṃ . Seyyathāpi, gahapati, puriso sambahulāni telappadīpāni ekaṃ gharaṃ paveseyya. Tesaṃ ekaṃ gharaṃ pavesitānaṃ accinānattañhi kho paññāyetha, no ca ābhānānattaṃ; evameva kho, gahapati, hoti kho so samayo, yā tā devatā ekajjhaṃ sannipatanti tāsaṃ ekajjhaṃ sannipatitānaṃ vaṇṇanānattañhi kho paññāyati, no ca ābhānānattaṃ.
8居士,会有这样的情况:那些天人从那里散开了。当他们从那里散开时,就能看出他们之间既有颜色的不同,也有光的不同了。居士,就好比有人把那些许多盏油灯从那间房子里搬出来。那些油灯搬出来之后,就能看出它们之间既有火焰的不同,也有光的不同了。同样的道理,居士,会有这样的情况:那些天人从那里散开了。当他们从那里散开时,就能看出他们之间既有颜色的不同,也有光的不同了。
‘‘Hoti kho so, gahapati, samayo, yā tā devatā tato vipakkamanti, tāsaṃ tato vipakkamantīnaṃ vaṇṇanānattañceva paññāyati ābhānānattañca. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, puriso tāni sambahulāni telappadīpāni tamhā gharā nīhareyya. Tesaṃ tato nīhatānaṃ accinānattañceva paññāyetha ābhānānattañca; evameva kho, gahapati, hoti kho so samayo, yā tā devatā tato vipakkamanti, tāsaṃ tato vipakkamantīnaṃ vaṇṇanānattañceva paññāyati ābhānānattañca.
9居士,那些天人并不会这样想:‘这是我们的,是恒常的、是坚固的、是永恒的。’然而,无论那些天人在何处执取,他们就在那里感到快乐。居士,就好比苍蝇被人用扁担或是篮子搬运时,并不会这样想:‘这是我们的,是恒常的、是坚固的、是永恒的。’然而,无论那些苍蝇在何处执取,它们就在那里感到快乐。同样的道理,居士,那些天人并不会这样想:‘这是我们的,是恒常的、是坚固的、是永恒的。’然而,无论那些天人在何处执取,他们就在那里感到快乐。
‘‘Na kho, gahapati, tāsaṃ devatānaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘idaṃ amhākaṃ niccanti vā dhuvanti vā sassata’nti vā, api ca yattha yattheva tā devatā abhinivisanti tattha tattheva tā devatā abhiramanti. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, makkhikānaṃ kājena vā piṭakena vā harīyamānānaṃ na evaṃ hoti – ‘idaṃ amhākaṃ niccanti vā dhuvanti vā sassata’nti vā, api ca yattha yattheva tā makkhikā abhinivisanti tattha tattheva tā makkhikā abhiramanti; evameva kho, gahapati, tāsaṃ devatānaṃ na evaṃ hoti – ‘idaṃ amhākaṃ niccanti vā dhuvanti vā sassata’nti vā, api ca yattha yattheva tā devatā abhinivisanti tattha tattheva tā devatā abhiramantī’’ti.
233听到这么说,迦旃延尊者便对阿那律尊者说:“好极了,阿那律大德!大德,阿那律尊者并没有说 ‘如是我闻’或者‘理当如此’,而是直接讲出‘那些天人是这样的,那些天人是那样的’。这样看来,大德,我心里就生起了这个念头:‘阿那律尊者肯定从前就和那些天人一起生活过、交谈过、讨论过’。” “迦旃延贤友,你这番话确实是直截了当、一针见血。不过,我还是会回答你:‘迦旃延贤友,我确实在长远的时日里,和那些天人一起生活过、交谈过、讨论过。’”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sabhiyo kaccāno āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu, bhante anuruddha! Na, bhante, āyasmā anuruddho evamāha – ‘evaṃ me suta’nti vā ‘evaṃ arahati bhavitu’nti vā; atha ca pana, bhante, āyasmā anuruddho ‘evampi tā devatā , itipi tā devatā’tveva bhāsati. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ hoti – ‘addhā āyasmatā anuruddhena tāhi devatāhi saddhiṃ sannivutthapubbañceva sallapitapubbañca sākacchā ca samāpajjitapubbā’’’ti. ‘‘Addhā kho ayaṃ, āvuso kaccāna, āsajja upanīya vācā bhāsitā, api ca te ahaṃ byākarissāmi – ‘dīgharattaṃ kho me, āvuso kaccāna, tāhi devatāhi saddhiṃ sannivutthapubbañceva sallapitapubbañca sākacchā ca samāpajjitapubbā’’’ti.
11“既然如此,迦旃延贤友,我就反过来问你。你就照着自己能接受的来回答吧。迦旃延贤友,你怎么看:有一位比丘,他对于一棵树根的范围,遍满之后,胜解为‘广大’而安住;还有另一位比丘,他对于两棵或三棵树根的范围,遍满之后,胜解为‘广大’而安住——在这两种心的修习之中,哪一种心的修习更广大呢?”“尊者,那位对于两棵或三棵树根的范围,遍满之后,胜解为‘广大’而安住的比丘——在这两种心的修习之中,他的心的修习更广大。”
‘‘Tena hāvuso kaccāna, taṃyevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso kaccāna , yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati, yocāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā rukkhamūlāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarā’’ti? ‘‘Yvāyaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā rukkhamūlāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarā’’ti.
12“迦旃延贤友,你怎么看:有一位比丘,他对于两棵或三棵树根的范围,遍满之后,胜解为‘广大’而安住;还有另一位比丘,他对于一个村落的田地的范围,遍满之后,胜解为‘广大’而安住——在这两种心的修习之中,哪一种心的修习更广大呢?”“尊者,那位对于一个村落的田地的范围,遍满之后,胜解为‘广大’而安住的比丘——在这两种心的修习之中,他的心的修习更广大。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā rukkhamūlāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati, yocāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ gāmakkhettaṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarā’’ti? ‘‘Yvāyaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ gāmakkhettaṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarā’’ti.
13“迦旃延贤友,你认为怎么样?有一个比丘,他仅就以一个村落的田地为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住。另外一个比丘,他以两个或三个村落的田地为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住。这两种心的修习,哪一种心的修习更广大呢?”“大德,那个以两个或三个村落的田地为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住的比丘——这两种心的修习中,这一种更广大。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ gāmakkhettaṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati, yocāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā gāmakkhettāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarā’’ti? ‘‘Yvāyaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā gāmakkhettāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarā’’ti.
14“迦旃延贤友,你认为怎么样?有一个比丘,他以两个或三个村落的田地为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住。另外一个比丘,他以一个大王国的疆域为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住。这两种心的修习,哪一种心的修习更广大呢?”“大德,那个以一个大王国的疆域为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住的比丘——这两种心的修习中,这一种更广大。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā gāmakkhettāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati, yocāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ mahārajjaṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarā’’ti? ‘‘Yvāyaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ mahārajjaṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarā’’ti.
15“迦旃延贤友,你认为怎么样?有一个比丘,他以一个大王国的疆域为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住。另外一个比丘,他以两个或三个大王国的疆域为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住。这两种心的修习,哪一种心的修习更广大呢?”“大德,那个以两个或三个大王国的疆域为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住的比丘——这两种心的修习中,这一种更广大。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ mahārajjaṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati, yocāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā mahārajjāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarā’’ti? ‘‘Yvāyaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā mahārajjāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarā’’ti.
16“迦旃延贤友,你认为怎么样?有一个比丘,他以两个或三个大王国的疆域为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住。另外一个比丘,他以大海为边际的大地为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住。这两种心的修习,哪一种心的修习更广大呢?”“大德,那个以大海为边际的大地为限,作意其为‘广大’,遍满并且胜解而住的比丘——这两种心的修习中,这一种更广大。”“迦旃延贤友,就是这个原因,就是这个条件,使得那些投生到同一个天众的天人中,有一些天人是有小光的,另外却有一些天人是有无量光的。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā mahārajjāni ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati, yocāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarā’’ti? ‘‘Yvāyaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu yāvatā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ ‘mahaggata’nti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati – ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarā’’ti? ‘‘Ayaṃ kho, āvuso kaccāna, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena tāsaṃ devatānaṃ ekaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapannānaṃ santettha ekaccā devatā parittābhā, santi panettha ekaccā devatā appamāṇābhā’’ti.
234“好极了,阿那律大德!在这里我还有更进一步的问题要请教。大德,那些天人,他们的一切光都是杂染的光吗?还是其中有一些天人是拥有清净光的呢?”“迦旃延贤友,就这一方面来说,其中有一些天人是拥有杂染光的,另外却有一些天人是拥有清净光的。”“阿那律大德,那么,是什么原因,什么条件,使得那些投生到同一个天众的天人中,有一些天人是有杂染光的,另外却有一些天人是有清净光的呢?”
‘‘Sādhu, bhante anuruddha! Atthi ca me ettha uttariṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ. Yāvatā , bhante, devatā ābhā sabbā tā saṃkiliṭṭhābhā udāhu santettha ekaccā devatā parisuddhābhā’’ti? ‘‘Tadaṅgena kho, āvuso kaccāna, santettha ekaccā devatā saṃkiliṭṭhābhā, santi panettha ekaccā devatā parisuddhābhā’’ti. ‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, anuruddha, hetu ko paccayo, yena tāsaṃ devatānaṃ ekaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapannānaṃ santettha ekaccā devatā saṃkiliṭṭhābhā, santi panettha ekaccā devatā parisuddhābhā’’ti?
18“迦旃延贤友,既然如此,我就给你说一个譬喻。在这里,一些有智慧的人可以通过譬喻来理解所说的意思。迦旃延贤友,就像一盏正在燃烧的油灯,油是不清净的,灯芯也是不清净的。因为这油的不清净和灯芯的不清净,它就像在黑暗中那样燃烧。同样地,迦旃延贤友,这里有一位比丘,他作意‘杂染光’而遍满并且胜解而住。他身体的粗重没有很好地得到轻安,昏沉和睡眠没有好好地去除,掉举和追悔也没有好好地调伏。因为他身体的粗重没有很好地得到轻安,昏沉和睡眠没有好好地去除,掉举和追悔也没有好好地调伏,所以他就像在黑暗中那样修习。他在身体破裂,死亡之后,就投生到拥有杂染光的天人同伴中。迦旃延贤友,又像一盏正在燃烧的油灯,油是清净的,灯芯也是清净的。因为这油的清净和灯芯的清净,它不会像在黑暗中那样燃烧。同样地,迦旃延贤友,这里有一位比丘,他作意‘清净光’而遍满并且胜解而住。他身体的粗重很好地得到了轻安,昏沉和睡眠也好好地去除,掉举和追悔也好好地调伏。因为他身体的粗重很好地得到了轻安,昏沉和睡眠也好好地去除,掉举和追悔也好好地调伏,所以他不会像在黑暗中那样修习。他在身体破裂,死亡之后,就投生到拥有清净光的天人同伴中。迦旃延贤友,就是这个原因,就是这个条件,使得那些投生到同一个天众的天人中,有一些天人是有杂染光的,另外却有一些天人是有清净光的。”
‘‘Tena , hāvuso kaccāna, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāyapidhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Seyyathāpi, āvuso kaccāna, telappadīpassa jhāyato telampi aparisuddhaṃ vaṭṭipi aparisuddhā. So telassapi aparisuddhattā vaṭṭiyāpi aparisuddhattā andhandhaṃ viya jhāyati; evameva kho, āvuso kaccāna, idhekacco bhikkhu ‘saṃkiliṭṭhābhā’ti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati, tassa kāyaduṭṭhullampi na suppaṭippassaddhaṃ hoti, thinamiddhampi na susamūhataṃ hoti , uddhaccakukkuccampi na suppaṭivinītaṃ hoti. So kāyaduṭṭhullassapi na suppaṭippassaddhattā thinamiddhassapi na susamūhatattā uddhaccakukkuccassapi na suppaṭivinītattā andhandhaṃ viya jhāyati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā saṃkiliṭṭhābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Seyyathāpi, āvuso kaccāna, telappadīpassa jhāyato telampi parisuddhaṃ vaṭṭipi parisuddhā. So telassapi parisuddhattā vaṭṭiyāpi parisuddhattā na andhandhaṃ viya jhāyati; evameva kho, āvuso kaccāna, idhekacco bhikkhu ‘parisuddhābhā’ti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Tassa kāyaduṭṭhullampi suppaṭippassaddhaṃ hoti, thinamiddhampi susamūhataṃ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccampi suppaṭivinītaṃ hoti. So kāyaduṭṭhullassapi suppaṭippassaddhattā thinamiddhassapi susamūhatattā uddhaccakukkuccassapi suppaṭivinītattā na andhandhaṃ viya jhāyati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā parisuddhābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso kaccāna, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena tāsaṃ devatānaṃ ekaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapannānaṃ santettha ekaccā devatā saṃkiliṭṭhābhā, santi panettha ekaccā devatā parisuddhābhā’’ti.
235听了这话,具寿沙比亚迦旃延便对具寿阿那律这样说:“太好了,阿那律尊者!这里我还有问题要进一步请教。尊者,那些有光的天人,是全都是少光天呢,还是其中有一部分是无量光天呢?”“迦旃延贤友,就那一类而言,其中有一部分是少光天,但也有一部分是无量光天。”“阿那律尊者,是什么原因、什么条件,使得那些投生到同一个天界的天人,有一部分是少光天,而另一部分是无量光天呢?”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sabhiyo kaccāno āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu, bhante anuruddha! Atthi ca me ettha uttariṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ. Yā tā, bhante, devatā ābhā sabbā tā parittābhā udāhu santettha ekaccā devatā appamāṇābhā’’ti? ‘‘Tadaṅgena kho, āvuso kaccāna, santettha ekaccā devatā parittābhā, santi panettha ekaccā devatā appamāṇābhā’’ti. ‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante anuruddha, hetu ko paccayo yena tāsaṃ devatānaṃ ekaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapannānaṃ santettha ekaccā devatā parittābhā, santi panettha ekaccā devatā appamāṇābhā’’ti?
20听了这话,迦旃延尊者对五支工头说:“居士,这是你的获益,居士,这是你善得的利益,你因此放下了那份困惑,而我们也有幸听闻了这番法的开示。”
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sabhiyo kaccāno pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṃ te, gahapati, yaṃ tvañceva taṃ kaṅkhādhammaṃ pahāsi , mayañcimaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ alatthamhā savanāyā’’ti.
21阿那律经完 第七
Anuruddhasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ.