DN 12 · 露遮经
112. 洛希遮经
12. Lohiccasuttaṃ
2洛希遮婆罗门事
Lohiccabrāhmaṇavatthu
501如是我闻:有一次,世尊与大约五百名比丘组成的大比丘僧团一起,在拘萨罗国游方行脚,来到了萨拉瓦帝咖。那时,露遮婆罗门正住在萨拉瓦帝咖。这是一处人口稠密,水草丰美,谷物充裕之地,也是高沙喇王波斯匿赐予他的王家封地、梵天赠礼。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi yena sālavatikā tadavasari. Tena kho pana samayena lohicco brāhmaṇo sālavatikaṃ ajjhāvasati sattussadaṃ satiṇakaṭṭhodakaṃ sadhaññaṃ rājabhoggaṃ raññā pasenadinā kosalena dinnaṃ rājadāyaṃ, brahmadeyyaṃ.
502那时,露遮婆罗门心中生起了这样一种邪恶的见解:'如果一位沙门或婆罗门证得了善法,在证得善法之后,他不应该告知他人。因为,一个人能为别人做什么呢?这就好比一个人砍断了旧的束缚,却又去制造一个新的束缚。我说,这是一种与贪欲相应的邪恶之事。因为,一个人能为别人做什么呢?'
Tena kho pana samayena lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti – ‘‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya, kiñhi paro parassa karissati. Seyyathāpi nāma purāṇaṃ bandhanaṃ chinditvā aññaṃ navaṃ bandhanaṃ kareyya, evaṃsampadamidaṃ pāpakaṃ lobhadhammaṃ vadāmi, kiñhi paro parassa karissatī’’ti.
503露遮婆罗门听说:'那位从释迦族出家的沙门乔达摩,是释迦族的后裔。他正与大约五百名比丘组成的大比丘僧团一起,在拘萨罗国游方行脚,已经到达了萨拉瓦帝咖。关于那位乔达摩大师,流传着这样的好名声:'那位世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行足、善至者、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛陀、世尊。他亲自证知、现证并宣说这个世界——包括天神、魔罗、梵天,以及沙门、婆罗门、天神和人类在内的世间。他教导的法,初善、中善、后善,内容与措辞俱佳。他弘扬的梵行是全然圆满、纯净的。能见到这样的阿拉汉,实在是一件好事。'
Assosi kho lohicco brāhmaṇo – ‘‘samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sālavatikaṃ anuppatto. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti.
504于是,露遮婆罗门对理发师洛西咖说:'来吧,亲爱的洛西咖,你去见沙门乔达摩。到了之后,用我的名义问候沙门乔达摩,问他是否无病、无恙、轻快、有力、安乐,就说:'乔达摩大师,露遮婆罗门问候您是否无病、无恙、轻快、有力、安乐。' 然后你这样说:'请乔达摩大师同意,明天和比丘僧团一起,到露遮婆罗门家接受供养。''
Atha kho lohicco brāhmaṇo rosikaṃ nhāpitaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, samma rosike, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama ; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ puccha – lohicco, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchatī’’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘‘adhivāsetu kira bhavaṃ gotamo lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti.
505'好的,先生。' 理发师洛西咖答应了露遮婆罗门后,就去到世尊那里。到了之后,向世尊行礼,然后坐在一边。坐在一边的理发师洛西咖对世尊说:'尊者,露遮婆罗门问候世尊,愿您无病、无恙、轻快、有力、安乐。他还这样说:'尊者,请世尊同意,明天和比丘僧团一起,到露遮婆罗门家接受供养。'' 世尊以沉默表示了同意。
‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho rosikā nhāpito lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rosikā nhāpito bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘lohicco, bhante, brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati; evañca vadeti – adhivāsetu kira, bhante, bhagavā lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
506当时,理发师洛西咖明白了世尊已接受邀请,便从座位上起身,向世尊行礼,右绕礼拜之后,回到了露遮婆罗门那里。他回去后,对露遮婆罗门说:'我们已用先生的名义,向那位世尊转达了您的话:'尊者,露遮婆罗门问候世尊,愿您无病、无恙、轻快、有力、安乐。他还这样说:尊者,请世尊同意,明天和比丘僧团一起,到露遮婆罗门家接受供养。' 而那位世尊已经接受了。''
Atha kho rosikā nhāpito bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena lohicco brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā lohiccaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘avocumhā kho mayaṃ bhoto vacanena taṃ bhagavantaṃ – ‘lohicco, bhante, brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati; evañca vadeti – adhivāsetu kira, bhante, bhagavā lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’ti. Adhivutthañca pana tena bhagavatā’’ti.
507那时,露遮婆罗门在那夜过后,在自己家中准备了上等的嚼食和啖食后,叫来理发师洛西咖:“喂,洛西咖朋友,你到沙门乔达摩那里去一趟。到了之后,向沙门乔达摩通报时间:‘乔达摩尊者,时间到了,饭食已备。’”“好的,先生。”理发师洛西咖答应了露遮婆罗门后,就去到世尊那里。到了之后,向世尊行礼,站在一边。站在一边的理发师洛西咖向世尊通报时间:“尊者,时间到了,饭食已备。”
Atha kho lohicco brāhmaṇo tassā rattiyā accayena sake nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā rosikaṃ nhāpitaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, samma rosike, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇassa gotamassa kālaṃ ārocehi – kālo bho, gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho rosikā nhāpito lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi . Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho rosikā nhāpito bhagavato kālaṃ ārocesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti.
508那时,世尊在上午穿好下衣,拿着钵和衣,与比丘僧团一起前往萨拉瓦帝咖。而那时,理发师洛西咖紧紧跟在世尊后面。这时,理发师洛西咖对世尊这样说:“尊者,露遮婆罗门生起了这样一种恶见:‘世间若有沙门或婆罗门证得了善法,在证得善法后,不应该告诉别人;一个人又能为别人做什么呢?就像一个人砍断了旧的绳索,又去制造一条新的绳索;我要说,这种所谓的成就正是一种邪恶的贪欲之法;一个人又能为别人做什么呢?’萨度!尊者,愿世尊能令露遮婆罗门远离这种恶见。”“可能会有的,洛西咖,可能会有的,洛西咖。”
Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena sālavatikā tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena rosikā nhāpito bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandho hoti. Atha kho rosikā nhāpito bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘lohiccassa, bhante, brāhmaṇassa evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ – ‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya – kiñhi paro parassa karissati. Seyyathāpi nāma purāṇaṃ bandhanaṃ chinditvā aññaṃ navaṃ bandhanaṃ kareyya, evaṃ sampadamidaṃ pāpakaṃ lobhadhammaṃ vadāmi – kiñhi paro parassa karissatī’ti. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā lohiccaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecetū’’ti. ‘‘Appeva nāma siyā rosike, appeva nāma siyā rosike’’ti.
11那时,世尊来到露遮婆罗门的住处。到了之后,在已铺设的座位上坐下。那时,露遮婆罗门亲手以殊胜的嚼食和啖食款待、供奉以佛陀为首的比丘僧团,使他们满足。
Atha kho bhagavā yena lohiccassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi . Atha kho lohicco brāhmaṇo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi.
12洛希遮婆罗门随问
Lohiccabrāhmaṇānuyogo
509那时,露遮婆罗门见世尊吃完,手已离钵,便自己拿了一张较低的凳子,坐在一边。世尊对坐在一边的露遮婆罗门这样说:“露遮,听说你生起了这样的一种恶见,是真的吗?‘世间若有沙门或婆罗门证得了善法,在证得善法后,不应该告诉别人;一个人又能为别人做什么呢?就像一个人砍断了旧的绳索,又去制造一条新的绳索;我要说,这种所谓的成就正是一种邪恶的贪欲之法;一个人又能为别人做什么呢?’”“是的,乔达摩尊者。”“露遮,你怎么看呢?你不是正居住在萨拉瓦帝咖吗?”“是的,乔达摩尊者。”“露遮,如果有人这么说:‘露遮婆罗门居住在萨拉瓦帝咖。萨拉瓦帝咖的一切产出与所得,露遮婆罗门都应该独自享用,不该分给任何人。’说这种话的人,对依靠你生活的人来说,是不是在制造障碍?”
Atha kho lohicco brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho lohiccaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira te, lohicca, evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ – ‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya – kiñhi paro parassa karissati. Seyyathāpi nāma purāṇaṃ bandhanaṃ chinditvā aññaṃ navaṃ bandhanaṃ kareyya, evaṃ sampadamidaṃ pāpakaṃ lobhadhammaṃ vadāmi, kiñhi paro parassa karissatī’’’ ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi lohicca nanu tvaṃ sālavatikaṃ ajjhāvasasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Yo nu kho, lohicca, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘lohicco brāhmaṇo sālavatikaṃ ajjhāvasati. Yā sālavatikāya samudayasañjāti lohiccova taṃ brāhmaṇo ekako paribhuñjeyya, na aññesaṃ dadeyyā’ti. Evaṃ vādī so ye taṃ upajīvanti, tesaṃ antarāyakaro vā hoti, no vā’’ti?
14“是在制造障碍,乔达摩尊者。”“这个在制造障碍的人,对于那些人,是心怀慈悯的人,还是不怀慈悯的人呢?”“是不怀慈悯的人,乔达摩尊者。”“对一个不怀慈悯的人来说,他内心现起的是慈爱,还是敌意呢?”“是敌意,乔达摩尊者。”“当内心现起敌意时,他持有的是邪见,还是正见呢?”“是邪见,乔达摩尊者。”“露遮,我告诉你说,对于持有邪见的人,他的趣向只有两种之一:地狱或是畜生道。”
‘‘Antarāyakaro, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Antarāyakaro samāno hitānukampī vā tesaṃ hoti ahitānukampī vā’’ti? ‘‘Ahitānukampī, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Ahitānukampissa mettaṃ vā tesu cittaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sapattakaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Sapattakaṃ, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Sapattake citte paccupaṭṭhite micchādiṭṭhi vā hoti sammādiṭṭhi vā’’ti? ‘‘Micchādiṭṭhi, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Micchādiṭṭhissa kho ahaṃ, lohicca, dvinnaṃ gatīnaṃ aññataraṃ gatiṃ vadāmi – nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā’’.
510“露遮,你怎么看呢?难道不是波斯匿·拘萨罗王在统辖着迦尸-拘萨罗吗?”“是的,乔达摩尊者。”“露遮,如果有人这么说:‘波斯匿·拘萨罗王统辖着迦尸-拘萨罗。迦尸-拘萨罗的一切产出与所得,波斯匿·拘萨罗王都应该独自享用,不该分给任何人。’说这种话的人,对于那些依靠波斯匿王生活的人,包括你们以及其他人来说,是不是在制造障碍?”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, lohicca, nanu rājā pasenadi kosalo kāsikosalaṃ ajjhāvasatī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Yo nu kho, lohicca, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘rājā pasenadi kosalo kāsikosalaṃ ajjhāvasati; yā kāsikosale samudayasañjāti, rājāva taṃ pasenadi kosalo ekako paribhuñjeyya, na aññesaṃ dadeyyā’ti. Evaṃ vādī so ye rājānaṃ pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ upajīvanti tumhe ceva aññe ca, tesaṃ antarāyakaro vā hoti, no vā’’ti?
16“是制造障碍的人,乔达摩先生。” “一个制造障碍的人,对那些人是心怀慈悯,还是心怀不善呢?” “心怀不善,乔达摩先生。” “心怀不善的人,心中现起的是慈心,还是敌意?” “是敌意,乔达摩先生。” “当敌意在心中现起时,那是邪见,还是正见?” “是邪见,乔达摩先生。” “露遮,凡是持邪见的人,我说他只有两种去处中的一种——要么是地狱,要么是畜生道。”
‘‘Antarāyakaro, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Antarāyakaro samāno hitānukampī vā tesaṃ hoti ahitānukampī vā’’ti? ‘‘Ahitānukampī, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Ahitānukampissa mettaṃ vā tesu cittaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti sapattakaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Sapattakaṃ, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Sapattake citte paccupaṭṭhite micchādiṭṭhi vā hoti sammādiṭṭhi vā’’ti? ‘‘Micchādiṭṭhi, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Micchādiṭṭhissa kho ahaṃ, lohicca, dvinnaṃ gatīnaṃ aññataraṃ gatiṃ vadāmi – nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā’’.
511“既然如此,露遮,如果有人这样说:‘露遮婆罗门住在萨拉瓦帝咖,萨拉瓦帝咖所出产的一切,只有露遮婆罗门一个人享用,不应该分给其他人。’说这种话的人,对于那些依靠这些出产生活的人来说,就是制造障碍的人。既然是制造障碍的人,他就是心怀不善的;心怀不善的人,心中现起的是敌意;当敌意在心中现起时,那就是邪见。同样的道理,露遮,如果有人这样说:‘假设这里有一位沙门或婆罗门证得了善法,证得善法之后,就不应该告诉别人。因为一个人能为另一个人做什么呢?这就好比砍断了一根旧的束缚,又去制造一根新的束缚……又能做什么呢?’说这种话的人,对于那些善男子依靠如来所宣说的法与律,证得如此殊胜的成就——或是亲证入流果,或是亲证一来果,或是亲证不来果,或是亲证阿拉汉果,以及那些正在天界成熟、将要投生到天界的生命——他就是制造障碍的人。既然是制造障碍的人,他就是心怀不善的;心怀不善的人,心中现起的是敌意;当敌意在心中现起时,那就是邪见。露遮,凡是持邪见的人,我说他只有两种去处中的一种——要么是地狱,要么是畜生道。”
‘‘Iti kira, lohicca, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘lohicco brāhmaṇo sālavatikaṃ ajjhāvasati; yā sālavatikāya samudayasañjāti, lohiccova taṃ brāhmaṇo ekako paribhuñjeyya, na aññesaṃ dadeyyā’’ti. Evaṃvādī so ye taṃ upajīvanti, tesaṃ antarāyakaro hoti. Antarāyakaro samāno ahitānukampī hoti, ahitānukampissa sapattakaṃ cittaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti, sapattake citte paccupaṭṭhite micchādiṭṭhi hoti. Evameva kho, lohicca, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya, kiñhi paro parassa karissati. Seyyathāpi nāma purāṇaṃ bandhanaṃ chinditvā aññaṃ navaṃ bandhanaṃ kareyya…pe… karissatī’’ti. Evaṃvādī so ye te kulaputtā tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma evarūpaṃ uḷāraṃ visesaṃ adhigacchanti, sotāpattiphalampi sacchikaronti, sakadāgāmiphalampi sacchikaronti, anāgāmiphalampi sacchikaronti, arahattampi sacchikaronti, ye cime dibbā gabbhā paripācenti dibbānaṃ bhavānaṃ abhinibbattiyā, tesaṃ antarāyakaro hoti, antarāyakaro samāno ahitānukampī hoti , ahitānukampissa sapattakaṃ cittaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti, sapattake citte paccupaṭṭhite micchādiṭṭhi hoti. Micchādiṭṭhissa kho ahaṃ, lohicca, dvinnaṃ gatīnaṃ aññataraṃ gatiṃ vadāmi – nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā.
512“既然如此,露遮,如果有人这样说:‘高沙喇王波斯匿住在高沙喇国,高沙喇国所出产的一切,只有高沙喇王波斯匿一个人享用,不应该分给其他人——包括你们和其他人。’说这种话的人,对于那些依靠高沙喇王波斯匿生活的人来说,就是制造障碍的人。既然是制造障碍的人,他就是心怀不善的;心怀不善的人,心中现起的是敌意;当敌意在心中现起时,那就是邪见。同样的道理,露遮,如果有人这样说:‘假设这里有一位沙门或婆罗门证得了善法,证得善法之后,就不应该告诉别人,因为一个人能为另一个人做什么呢?这就好比……一个人能为另一个人做什么呢?’说这种话的人,对于那些善男子依靠如来所宣说的法与律,证得如此殊胜的成就——或是亲证入流果,或是亲证一来果,或是亲证不来果,或是亲证阿拉汉果,以及那些正在天界成熟、将要投生到天界的生命——他就是制造障碍的人。既然是制造障碍的人,他就是心怀不善的;心怀不善的人,心中现起的是敌意;当敌意在心中现起时,那就是邪见。露遮,凡是持邪见的人,我说他只有两种去处中的一种——要么是地狱,要么是畜生道。”
‘‘Iti kira, lohicca, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘rājā pasenadi kosalo kāsikosalaṃ ajjhāvasati; yā kāsikosale samudayasañjāti, rājāva taṃ pasenadi kosalo ekako paribhuñjeyya, na aññesaṃ dadeyyā’’ti. Evaṃvādī so ye rājānaṃ pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ upajīvanti tumhe ceva aññe ca, tesaṃ antarāyakaro hoti. Antarāyakaro samāno ahitānukampī hoti, ahitānukampissa sapattakaṃ cittaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti, sapattake citte paccupaṭṭhite micchādiṭṭhi hoti. Evameva kho, lohicca, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṃ dhammaṃ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya, kiñhi paro parassa karissati. Seyyathāpi nāma…pe… kiñhi paro parassa karissatī’’ti, evaṃ vādī so ye te kulaputtā tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma evarūpaṃ uḷāraṃ visesaṃ adhigacchanti, sotāpattiphalampi sacchikaronti, sakadāgāmiphalampi sacchikaronti, anāgāmiphalampi sacchikaronti, arahattampi sacchikaronti. Ye cime dibbā gabbhā paripācenti dibbānaṃ bhavānaṃ abhinibbattiyā, tesaṃ antarāyakaro hoti, antarāyakaro samāno ahitānukampī hoti, ahitānukampissa sapattakaṃ cittaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ hoti, sapattake citte paccupaṭṭhite micchādiṭṭhi hoti. Micchādiṭṭhissa kho ahaṃ, lohicca, dvinnaṃ gatīnaṃ aññataraṃ gatiṃ vadāmi – nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā.
19三应呵责者
Tayo codanārahā
513“露遮,在这个世间,确实有三种导师是应受呵责的。而如果有人去呵责这样的导师,这种呵责是真实的、如实的、如法的、没有过失的。是哪三种呢?露遮,在这里,有一种导师,他为了某个沙门的目标,从在家生活出家而成为无家者,但他并没有达到那个沙门的目标。他并没有证得那个沙门的目标,却向弟子们说法说:‘这是为了你们的利益,这是为了你们的幸福。’他的弟子们不愿意听,不侧耳聆听,不提起智慧之心,并且偏离导师的教导而行事。对于这样的导师,他应该这样被呵责:‘尊者啊,您为了那个目标从在家生活出家而成为无家者,那个沙门的目标您并未证得。您没有证得那个沙门目标,却向弟子们说法说:这是为了你们的利益,这是为了你们的幸福。而您的弟子们却不愿意听,不侧耳聆听,不提起智慧之心,还偏离导师的教导而行事。这就好比去追一个向后退缩的人,或是去拥抱一个别转脸的人。我说这是一种糟糕的、源于贪欲的情况——因为一个人能为另一个人做什么呢?’露遮,这就是世间第一种应受呵责的导师;而如果有人去呵责这样的导师,这种呵责是真实的、如实的、如法的、没有过失的。”
‘‘Tayo khome, lohicca, satthāro, ye loke codanārahā; yo ca panevarūpe satthāro codeti, sā codanā bhūtā tacchā dhammikā anavajjā . Katame tayo? Idha, lohicca, ekacco satthā yassatthāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, svāssa sāmaññattho ananuppatto hoti. So taṃ sāmaññatthaṃ ananupāpuṇitvā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘‘idaṃ vo hitāya idaṃ vo sukhāyā’’ti. Tassa sāvakā na sussūsanti, na sotaṃ odahanti, na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, vokkamma ca satthusāsanā vattanti. So evamassa codetabbo – ‘‘āyasmā kho yassatthāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, so te sāmaññattho ananuppatto, taṃ tvaṃ sāmaññatthaṃ ananupāpuṇitvā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ desesi – ‘idaṃ vo hitāya idaṃ vo sukhāyā’ti . Tassa te sāvakā na sussūsanti, na sotaṃ odahanti, na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, vokkamma ca satthusāsanā vattanti. Seyyathāpi nāma osakkantiyā vā ussakkeyya, parammukhiṃ vā āliṅgeyya, evaṃ sampadamidaṃ pāpakaṃ lobhadhammaṃ vadāmi – kiñhi paro parassa karissatī’’ti. Ayaṃ kho, lohicca, paṭhamo satthā, yo loke codanāraho; yo ca panevarūpaṃ satthāraṃ codeti, sā codanā bhūtā tacchā dhammikā anavajjā.
514“再者,露遮,还有一种导师,他为了某个沙门的目标,从在家生活出家而成为无家者,但他并没有达到那个沙门的目标。他并没有证得那个沙门的目标,却向弟子们说法说:‘这是为了你们的利益,这是为了你们的幸福。’他的弟子们愿意听,侧耳聆听,提起智慧之心,并且不偏离导师的教导而行事。对于这样的导师,他应该这样被呵责:‘尊者啊,您为了那个目标从在家生活出家而成为无家者,那个沙门的目标您并未证得。您没有证得那个沙门目标,却向弟子们说法说:这是为了你们的利益,这是为了你们的幸福。而您的弟子们愿意听,侧耳聆听,提起智慧之心,也不偏离导师的教导而行事。这就好比一个人荒废了自己的田地,却想着去给别人的田地除草。我说这是一种糟糕的、源于贪欲的情况——因为一个人能为另一个人做什么呢?’露遮,这就是世间第二种应受呵责的导师;而如果有人去呵责这样的导师,这种呵责是真实的、如实的、如法的、没有过失的。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, lohicca, idhekacco satthā yassatthāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, svāssa sāmaññattho ananuppatto hoti. So taṃ sāmaññatthaṃ ananupāpuṇitvā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘‘idaṃ vo hitāya, idaṃ vo sukhāyā’’ti. Tassa sāvakā sussūsanti, sotaṃ odahanti, aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, na ca vokkamma satthusāsanā vattanti. So evamassa codetabbo – ‘‘āyasmā kho yassatthāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, so te sāmaññattho ananuppatto. Taṃ tvaṃ sāmaññatthaṃ ananupāpuṇitvā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ desesi – ‘idaṃ vo hitāya idaṃ vo sukhāyā’ti. Tassa te sāvakā sussūsanti, sotaṃ odahanti , aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, na ca vokkamma satthusāsanā vattanti. Seyyathāpi nāma sakaṃ khettaṃ ohāya paraṃ khettaṃ niddāyitabbaṃ maññeyya , evaṃ sampadamidaṃ pāpakaṃ lobhadhammaṃ vadāmi – kiñhi paro parassa karissatī’’ti. Ayaṃ kho, lohicca, dutiyo satthā, yo, loke codanāraho; yo ca panevarūpaṃ satthāraṃ codeti, sā codanā bhūtā tacchā dhammikā anavajjā.
515“再者,露遮,还有一种导师,他为了某个沙门的目标,从在家生活出家而成为无家者,并且他达到了那个沙门的目标。他在证得那个沙门的目标之后,向弟子们说法说:‘这是为了你们的利益,这是为了你们的幸福。’他的弟子们却不愿意听,不侧耳聆听,不提起智慧之心,并且偏离导师的教导而行事。对于这样的导师,他应该这样被呵责:‘尊者啊,您为了那个目标从在家生活出家而成为无家者,那个沙门的目标您已经证得了。您证得了那个沙门目标之后,向弟子们说法说:这是为了你们的利益,这是为了你们的幸福。而您的弟子们却不愿意听,不侧耳聆听,不提起智慧之心,还偏离导师的教导而行事。这就好比砍断了一根旧的束缚,又去制造一根新的束缚。我说这是一种糟糕的、源于贪欲的情况——因为一个人能为另一个人做什么呢?’露遮,这就是世间第三种应受呵责的导师;而如果有人去呵责这样的导师,这种呵责是真实的、如实的、如法的、没有过失的。露遮,这些就是世间那三种应受呵责的导师;而如果有人去呵责这样的导师,这种呵责是真实的、如实的、如法的、没有过失的。”
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, lohicca, idhekacco satthā yassatthāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, svāssa sāmaññattho anuppatto hoti. So taṃ sāmaññatthaṃ anupāpuṇitvā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘‘idaṃ vo hitāya idaṃ vo sukhāyā’’ti. Tassa sāvakā na sussūsanti, na sotaṃ odahanti, na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti, vokkamma ca satthusāsanā vattanti. So evamassa codetabbo – ‘‘āyasmā kho yassatthāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, so te sāmaññattho anuppatto. Taṃ tvaṃ sāmaññatthaṃ anupāpuṇitvā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ desesi – ‘idaṃ vo hitāya idaṃ vo sukhāyā’ti. Tassa te sāvakā na sussūsanti, na sotaṃ odahanti, na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhapenti , vokkamma ca satthusāsanā vattanti. Seyyathāpi nāma purāṇaṃ bandhanaṃ chinditvā aññaṃ navaṃ bandhanaṃ kareyya, evaṃ sampadamidaṃ pāpakaṃ lobhadhammaṃ vadāmi, kiñhi paro parassa karissatī’’ti. Ayaṃ kho, lohicca, tatiyo satthā, yo loke codanāraho; yo ca panevarūpaṃ satthāraṃ codeti, sā codanā bhūtā tacchā dhammikā anavajjā. Ime kho, lohicca, tayo satthāro, ye loke codanārahā, yo ca panevarūpe satthāro codeti, sā codanā bhūtā tacchā dhammikā anavajjāti.
23不应呵责导师
Nacodanārahasatthu
516听了这话,露遮婆罗门对世尊说:“乔达摩大师,这世上到底有没有那种不应该被呵责的导师呢?”“露遮,确实有那种在世间不应该被呵责的导师。”“那么,乔达摩大师,哪种导师才是在世间不应该被呵责的呢?”
Evaṃ vutte, lohicco brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi pana, bho gotama, koci satthā, yo loke nacodanāraho’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, lohicca, satthā, yo loke nacodanāraho’’ti. ‘‘Katamo pana so, bho gotama, satthā, yo loke nacodanāraho’’ti?
25“露遮,在此,一位如来出现在世间,是应供、正自觉者……(依照190-212节的内容详细说明)。露遮,像这样,比丘戒行成就……达到并安住于初禅……露遮,当弟子在这样的导师座下证得如此殊胜的成就时,这位导师就是在世间不应被呵责的导师。而任何对这种导师的呵责,都是不实、不真、不如法、有过失的……达到并安住于第二禅……达到并安住于第三禅……达到并安住于第四禅。露遮,当弟子在这样的导师座下证得如此殊胜的成就时,这位导师就是在世间不应被呵责的导师,而任何对这种导师的呵责,都是不实、不真、不如法、有过失的……他引导心念转向智见……他如实了知:‘生死已尽,不再有未来的生命了。’露遮,当弟子在这样的导师座下证得如此殊胜的成就时,这位导师就是在世间不应被呵责的导师,而任何对这种导师的呵责,都是不实、不真、不如法、有过失的。”
‘‘Idha, lohicca, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ, sammāsambuddho…pe… (yathā 190-212 anucchedesu evaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ). Evaṃ kho, lohicca, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati… yasmiṃ kho, lohicca, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāraṃ visesaṃ adhigacchati, ayampi kho, lohicca, satthā, yo loke nacodanāraho . Yo ca panevarūpaṃ satthāraṃ codeti, sā codanā abhūtā atacchā adhammikā sāvajjā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Yasmiṃ kho, lohicca, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāraṃ visesaṃ adhigacchati, ayampi kho, lohicca, satthā, yo loke nacodanāraho, yo ca panevarūpaṃ satthāraṃ codeti, sā codanā abhūtā atacchā adhammikā sāvajjā… ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti…pe… yasmiṃ kho, lohicca, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāraṃ visesaṃ adhigacchati, ayampi kho, lohicca, satthā, yo loke nacodanāraho, yo ca panevarūpaṃ satthāraṃ codeti, sā codanā abhūtā atacchā adhammikā sāvajjā… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāti. Yasmiṃ kho, lohicca, satthari sāvako evarūpaṃ uḷāraṃ visesaṃ adhigacchati, ayampi kho, lohicca, satthā, yo loke nacodanāraho, yo ca panevarūpaṃ satthāraṃ codeti, sā codanā abhūtā atacchā adhammikā sāvajjā’’ti.
517听了这话,露遮婆罗门对世尊说:“乔达摩大师,这好比一个人把另一个快要掉进地狱深渊的人抓住头发拉起来,让他稳稳地站在平地上。同样地,我被您从即将掉进地狱深渊的险境中拉了起来,安立在平地上。太殊胜了,乔达摩大师!太殊胜了,乔达摩大师!乔达摩大师,就像有人把颠倒的东西正过来,把隐藏的东西揭示出来,给迷路的人指明道路,或者在黑暗中举起灯油,让有眼睛的人能够看到东西。同样地,乔达摩大师用种种方式阐明了法。从今以后,我愿归依乔达摩大师、归依法、也归依比丘僧团。请乔达摩大师把我记作一个归依的在家信众,从今天起直到生命结束。”
Evaṃ vutte, lohicco brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bho gotama, puriso purisaṃ narakapapātaṃ patantaṃ kesesu gahetvā uddharitvā thale patiṭṭhapeyya, evamevāhaṃ bhotā gotamena narakapapātaṃ papatanto uddharitvā thale patiṭṭhāpito. Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti. Evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito . Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
27楼希吒经完 第十二
Lohiccasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dvādasamaṃ.