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波罗夷篇

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1巴拉基咖篇
Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ
1「仅仅是称呼而已」:此处,依年少者而称「尊者」,依年长者而称「友」,如此有二种称呼;但在此处,对年长与年少者唯有一种称呼:「圣尼」。
Abhilāpamattamevāti ettha daharavasena ‘‘bhante’’ti ca vuḍḍhavasena ‘‘āvuso’’ti ca tattha duvidho abhilāpo, idha pana vuḍḍhadaharānaṃ ‘‘ayyā’’ti ekameva.
2「以身触中所说的方法」:此处,依彼多数情形而说由作为生起。然而,因为未说「若行身触」,而说「若接受」,故应知亦由不作为生起。如此处所说,在下文中,以「若与女人于三道行淫法者,犯巴拉基咖」等方法说由作为生起后,紧接着以「比丘的怨敌将女人带至比丘近前,以大便道坐于生殖器上,若彼接受插入」等方法,亦说由不作为生起,故于第一巴拉基咖,亦应知唯依彼多数情形而为由作为生起。因为在接受插入等处,不见由作为生起。
Kāyasaṃsagge vuttanayenāti ettha tabbahulanayena kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā vuttā. ‘‘Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ samāpajjeyyā’’ti avatvā pana ‘‘sādiyeyyā’’ti vuttattā akiriyatopi samuṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ. Yathā cettha, evaṃ heṭṭhā ‘‘manussitthiyā tayo magge methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevantassa āpatti pārājikassā’’tiādinā (pārā. 56) nayena kiriyasamuṭṭhānataṃ vatvā tadanantaraṃ ‘‘bhikkhupaccatthikā manussitthiṃ bhikkhussa santikaṃ ānetvā vaccamaggena aṅgajātaṃ abhinisīdenti, so ce pavesanaṃ sādiyatī’’tiādinā (pārā. 58) nayena akiriyasamuṭṭhānassapi vuttattā paṭhamapārājikāyapi tabbahulanayeneva kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā veditabbā. Na hi pavesanasādiyanādimhi kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā dissati.
3此处,生殖器的移动不应视为本质,因为于「若彼不接受插入,不接受已入,不接受停住,接受拔出,犯巴拉基咖」中,在不接受停住时,自然亦有完全的移动。而此处,因接受为缘的行淫移动,实不可见,故应唯依彼多数情形而取由作为生起。
Aṅgajātacalanañcettha na sārato daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘so ce pavesanaṃ na sādiyati, paviṭṭhaṃ na sādiyati, ṭhitaṃ na sādiyati, uddharaṇaṃ sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassā’’ti (pārā. 58) ettha ṭhitanasādiyane pakatiyāpi paripuṇṇacalanattā. Sādiyanapaccayā paṭisevanacalanañcettha na dissatevāti tabbahulanayeneva kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā gahetabbā.
4再者,于比丘尼的第一巴拉基咖,亦因以与彼接受相似的方式而说,故观察与彼相应的分别方法后,说为「由作为生起」。然而,正如于此等中依彼多数情形说为由作为生起,酒等亦唯以不善而应饮用。否则,若说「凡唯以不善而犯者,此为世间罪,其余为制定罪」,则世间罪与制定罪的决定相得以成立;但未如此说,而说「于彼有心方面,心唯是不善者,此为世间罪,其余为制定罪」,则世间罪之语可能无意义,因为在不知事物方面,亦唯以不善而应饮用。因为在那里,饮酒违犯无不善心生起,故于犍度注疏中说:「然而于饮酒,比丘即使不知,从种子开始饮酒者,犯巴吉帝亚。沙马内拉唯知而饮者犯戒破,不知则不犯。」未说:「于不知事物方面,即使有类似杀生等成就不善的心生起,沙马内拉亦不犯戒破。」执着之语,是因为沙马内拉的饮酒与杀生等有相同性质。知「这是酒、酿酒」的事物后,以应饮用等方式违犯者,不善的不可能存在。因此说「于彼有心方面」等。
Apica bhikkhuniyāpi paṭhamapārājike tassa sādiyanassa sarūpena vuttattā tadanurūpavasena vibhaṅganayamanoloketvā ‘‘kiriyasamuṭṭhāna’’micceva vuttaṃ. Yathā cetesu tabbahulanayena kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā vuttā, tathā surādīnaṃ akusaleneva pātabbatā. Itarathā ‘‘yaṃ akusaleneva āpajjati, ayaṃ lokavajjā, sesā paṇṇattivajjā’’ti vutte lokavajjapaṇṇattivajjānaṃ niyamalakkhaṇasiddhi hoti, tathā taṃ avatvā ‘‘yassā sacittakapakkhe cittaṃ akusalameva hoti, ayaṃ lokavajjā, sesā paṇṇattivajjā’’ti (kaṅkhā. aṭṭha. paṭhamapārājikavaṇṇanā) vutte lokavajjavacanaṃ niratthakaṃ siyā vatthuajānanapakkhepi akusaleneva pātabbattā. Yasmā tattha surāpānavītikkamassa akusalacittuppādo natthi, tasmā khandhakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘majjapāne pana bhikkhuno ajānitvāpi bījato paṭṭhāya majjaṃ pivantassa pācittiyaṃ. Sāmaṇero jānitvāva pivanto sīlabhedaṃ āpajjati, na ajānitvā’’ti (mahāva. aṭṭha. 108) vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ ‘‘vatthuajānanapakkhe pāṇātipātādīnaṃ siddhikaraakusalacittuppādasadise cittuppāde satipi sāmaṇero sīlabhedaṃ nāpajjatī’’ti. Abhinivesavacanaṃ pāṇātipātādīhi samānagatikattā sāmaṇerānaṃ surāpānassa. ‘‘Surāmerayime’’ti vatthuṃ jānitvā pātabbatādivasena vītikkamantassa akusalassa asambhavo natthi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘yassā sacittakapakkhe’’tiādi.
5于此复次——若以理论之言,因阿拉汉不犯,故于有心与无心方面有不善的决定吗?不然,因为依法性,有学亦不犯。为显示于无心方面无不善决定之义,应举例如睡眠者口中滴入的水滴般的酒滴等。因为依彼多数情形而取义时,前后注疏与经文一致。诸师长亦说于饮酒无不善决定。然而有一些人说:彼由作为生起者,唯是彼多数情形,而非第一巴拉基咖。如何呢?身触学处是第一巴拉基咖的生起。在此,当比丘与比丘尼有身触时,比丘尼即使不移动身肢,仅以心接受,亦犯;比丘则不然。比丘唯移动时犯。同样,于第一巴拉基咖,亦唯有移动时犯,非无移动时。「接受插入」:此处,接受插入名为行淫心的生起,或以道或入道者亦欲求。彼亦有身体的移动,绝对存在。即使如此,应审察而取,他们如是说而书写。
Kiñcettha – yuttivacanena arahantānaṃ appavisanato sacittakācittakapakkhesu akusalaniyamoti ce? Na, dhammatāvasena sekkhānampi appavisanato. Acittakapakkhe akusalaniyamābhāvadassanatthaṃ supantassa mukhe pakkhittajalabindumiva surābinduādayo udāharitabbā. Tabbahulanayena hi atthe gahite pubbenāparaṃ aṭṭhakathāya sameti saddhiṃ pāḷiyā cāti. Ācariyāpi surāpāne akusalaniyamābhāvameva vadanti. Ekacce pana kiriyasamuṭṭhānatā panassa tabbahulanayameva, na paṭhamapārājike. Kathaṃ? Kāyasaṃsaggasikkhāpadaṃ paṭhamapārājikasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Ettha bhikkhussa ca bhikkhuniyā ca kāyasaṃsaggabhāve sati bhikkhunī kāyaṅgaṃ acopayamānāpi citteneva adhivāseti, āpajjati, na evaṃ bhikkhu. Bhikkhu pana copayamānova āpajjati, evameva paṭhamapārājikepi copane sati eva āpajjati, nāsati. Pavesanaṃsādiyatīti ettha pavesanasādiyanaṃ nāma sevanacittuppādanaṃ, maggena vā maggappaṭipannampi icchanti. Tassāpi kāyacalanaṃ ekantaṃ atthi eva. Evaṃ santepi vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbanti vadantīti likhitaṃ
7巴拉基咖注释已完成。
Pārājikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.