诤事分别
1诤事分别
Adhikaraṇabhedo
21. 举罪分别等
1. Ukkoṭanabhedādi
340有四种诤事。争论论诤事、非难诤事、犯罪诤事、义务诤事——这就是四种诤事。
Cattāri adhikaraṇāni. Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ – imāni cattāri adhikaraṇāni.
2对于这四种诤事,有多少种破坏?对于这四种诤事,有十种破坏。争论论诤事有两种破坏,非难诤事有四种破坏,犯罪诤事有三种破坏,义务诤事有一种破坏——对于这四种诤事,这就是十种破坏。
Imesaṃ catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ kati ukkoṭā? Imesaṃ catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ dasa ukkoṭā. Vivādādhikaraṇassa dve ukkoṭā, anuvādādhikaraṇassa cattāro ukkoṭā, āpattādhikaraṇassa tayo ukkoṭā, kiccādhikaraṇassa eko ukkoṭo – imesaṃ catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ ime dasa ukkoṭā.
3破坏争论论诤事的人,破坏了多少种止灭法?破坏非难诤事的人,破坏了多少种止灭法?破坏犯罪诤事的人,破坏了多少种止灭法?破坏义务诤事的人,破坏了多少种止灭法?
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?
4破坏争论论诤事的人,破坏了两种止灭法。破坏非难诤事的人,破坏了四种止灭法。破坏犯罪诤事的人,破坏了三种止灭法。破坏义务诤事的人,破坏了一种止灭法。
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭento dve samathe ukkoṭeti. Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭento cattāro samathe ukkoṭeti. Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭento tayo samathe ukkoṭeti. Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭento ekaṃ samathaṃ ukkoṭeti.
341有多少种破坏?以多少种方式产生破坏?具足多少支的人破坏诤事?有多少人在破坏诤事时犯下罪?
Kati ukkoṭā? Katihākārehi ukkoṭanaṃ pasavati? Katihaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti? Kati puggalā adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭentā āpattiṃ āpajjanti?
6有十二种破坏。以十种方式产生破坏。具足四支的人破坏诤事。有四类人在破坏诤事时犯下罪。
Dvādasa ukkoṭā. Dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṃ pasavati. Catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti. Cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭentā āpattiṃ āpajjanti?
7什么是十二种破坏?未做的羯磨、恶做的羯磨、应重做的羯磨,未消除的、恶消除的、应重消除的,未判决的、恶判决的、应重判决的,未止息的、恶止息的、应重止息的——这就是十二种破坏。
Katame dvādasa ukkoṭā? Akataṃ kammaṃ, dukkaṭaṃ kammaṃ, puna kātabbaṃ kammaṃ, anihataṃ, dunnihataṃ, puna nihanitabbaṃ, avinicchitaṃ, duvinicchitaṃ, puna vinicchitabbaṃ, avūpasantaṃ, duvūpasantaṃ, puna vūpasametabbanti – ime dvādasa ukkoṭā.
8以哪十种方式产生破坏?破坏在那里生起的诤事,破坏在那里已止息的诤事,破坏在途中的诤事,破坏在途中已止息的诤事,破坏去到那里的诤事,破坏去到那里已止息的诤事,破坏念律,破坏不痴调伏,破坏恶者治,破坏覆草——以这十种方式产生破坏。
Katamehi dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṃ pasavati? Tattha jātakaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, tattha jātakaṃ vūpasantaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, antarāmagge adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, antarāmagge vūpasantaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, tattha gataṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, tattha gataṃ vūpasantaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, sativinayaṃ ukkoṭeti, amūḷhavinayaṃ ukkoṭeti, tassapāpiyasikaṃ ukkoṭeti, tiṇavatthārakaṃ ukkoṭeti – imehi dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṃ pasavati.
9一个具足哪四种条件的人,会重新挑起诤事?依欲贪而行不正者,会重新挑起诤事;依嗔恚而行不正者,会重新挑起诤事;依愚痴而行不正者,会重新挑起诤事;依恐惧而行不正者,会重新挑起诤事——具足这四种条件的人,会重新挑起诤事。
Katamehi catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti? Chandāgatiṃ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, dosāgatiṃ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, mohāgatiṃ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti, bhayāgatiṃ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti – imehi catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭeti.
10哪四种人在重新挑起诤事时,会犯下罪行?当天受具足戒的人重新挑起,犯下‘重新挑起’的波逸提罪;客来的比丘重新挑起,犯下‘重新挑起’的波逸提罪;作羯磨的执行者重新挑起,犯下‘重新挑起’的波逸提罪;授与同意权的人重新挑起,犯下‘重新挑起’的波逸提罪——这四种人在重新挑起诤事时,会犯下罪行。
Katame cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭentā āpattiṃ āpajjanti? Tadahupasampanno ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ, āgantuko ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ, kārako ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ, chandadāyako ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṃ pācittiyaṃ – ime cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭentā āpattiṃ āpajjanti.
132. 诤事因缘等
2. Adhikaraṇanidānādi
342争论论诤事,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为类别,以什么为起源,以什么为资粮,以什么为生起?非难诤事,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为类别,以什么为起源,以什么为资粮,以什么为生起?犯罪诤事,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为类别,以什么为起源,以什么为资粮,以什么为生起?义务诤事,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为类别,以什么为起源,以什么为资粮,以什么为生起?
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ ? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ?
12争论论诤事,以争论为因,以争论为集,以争论为类别,以争论为起源,以争论为资粮,以争论为生起。非难诤事,以非难为因,以非难为集,以非难为类别,以非难为起源,以非难为资粮,以非难为生起。犯罪诤事,以犯罪为因,以犯罪为集,以犯罪为类别,以犯罪为起源,以犯罪为资粮,以犯罪为生起。义务诤事,以义务为因,以义务为集,以义务为类别,以义务为起源,以义务为资粮,以义务为生起。
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ vivādanidānaṃ vivādasamudayaṃ vivādajātikaṃ vivādapabhavaṃ vivādasambhāraṃ vivādasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ anuvādanidānaṃ anuvādasamudayaṃ anuvādajātikaṃ anuvādapabhavaṃ anuvādasambhāraṃ anuvādasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ āpattinidānaṃ āpattisamudayaṃ āpattijātikaṃ āpattipabhavaṃ āpattisambhāraṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānaṃ. Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ kiccayanidānaṃ kiccayasamudayaṃ kiccayajātikaṃ kiccayapabhavaṃ kiccayasambhāraṃ kiccayasamuṭṭhānaṃ.
13争论论诤事,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为类别,以什么为起源,以什么为资粮,以什么为生起?非难诤事……(中略)……犯罪诤事……(中略)……义务诤事,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为类别,以什么为起源,以什么为资粮,以什么为生起?
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ…pe… āpattādhikaraṇaṃ…pe… kiccādhikaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ?
14争论论诤事,以诸烦恼为因,以诸烦恼为集,以诸烦恼为类别,以诸烦恼为起源,以诸烦恼为资粮,以诸烦恼为生起。非难诤事……(中略)……犯罪诤事……(中略)……义务诤事,以诸烦恼为因,以诸烦恼为集,以诸烦恼为类别,以诸烦恼为起源,以诸烦恼为资粮,以诸烦恼为生起。
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ hetunidānaṃ, hetusamudayaṃ, hetujātikaṃ, hetupabhavaṃ, hetusambhāraṃ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṃ. Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ…pe… āpattādhikaraṇaṃ…pe… kiccādhikaraṇaṃ hetunidānaṃ, hetusamudayaṃ, hetujātikaṃ, hetupabhavaṃ, hetusambhāraṃ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṃ.
15争论论诤事,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为类别,以什么为起源,以什么为资粮,以什么为生起?非难诤事……(中略)……犯罪诤事……(中略)……义务诤事,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为类别,以什么为起源,以什么为资粮,以什么为生起?
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ …pe… āpattādhikaraṇaṃ…pe… kiccādhikaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ?
16争论论诤事,以诸缘为因,以诸缘为集,以诸缘为类别,以诸缘为起源,以诸缘为资粮,以诸缘为生起。非难诤事……(中略)……犯罪诤事……(中略)……义务诤事,以诸缘为因,以诸缘为集,以诸缘为类别,以诸缘为起源,以诸缘为资粮,以诸缘为生起。
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ paccayanidānaṃ, paccayasamudayaṃ, paccayajātikaṃ, paccayapabhavaṃ, paccayasambhāraṃ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ…pe… āpattādhikaraṇaṃ…pe… kiccādhikaraṇaṃ paccayanidānaṃ, paccayasamudayaṃ, paccayajātikaṃ, paccayapabhavaṃ, paccayasambhāraṃ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṃ.
203. 诤事根源等
3. Adhikaraṇamūlādi
343四种诤事有多少根源、多少起源?四种诤事有三十三个根源、三十三种起源。
Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ kati mūlāni, kati samuṭṭhānā? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ tettiṃsa mūlāni, tettiṃsa samuṭṭhānā.
18四种诤事的三十三个根源是哪些?争论论诤事有十二个根源,非难诤事有十四个根源,犯罪诤事有六个根源,义务诤事有一个根源——僧团。这三十三个根源,就是四种诤事的根源。
Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamāni tettiṃsa mūlāni? Vivādādhikaraṇassa dvādasa mūlāni, anuvādādhikaraṇassa cuddasa mūlāni, āpattādhikaraṇassa cha mūlāni, kiccādhikaraṇassa ekaṃ mūlaṃ, saṅgho – catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ imāni tettiṃsa mūlāni.
19四种诤事的三十三种起源是哪些?争论论诤事的起源是十八种可分类的事,非难诤事的起源是四种失坏,犯罪诤事的起源是七种罪聚,义务诤事的起源是四种僧团处理行为。这三十三种起源,就是四种诤事的起源。
Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katame tettiṃsa samuṭṭhānā? Vivādādhikaraṇassa aṭṭhārasabhedakaravatthūni samuṭṭhānā, anuvādādhikaraṇassa catasso vipattiyo samuṭṭhānā, āpattādhikaraṇassa sattāpattikkhandhā samuṭṭhānā, kiccādhikaraṇassa cattāri kammāni samuṭṭhānā – catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ ime tettiṃsa samuṭṭhānā.
244. 诤事缘罪
4. Adhikaraṇapaccayāpatti
344争论论诤事本身是罪还是非罪?争论论诤事不是罪。那么,是否会因为争论论诤事这个原因而犯戒呢?是的,会因为争论论诤事这个原因而犯戒。因为争论论诤事这个原因会犯多少种戒?因为争论论诤事这个原因会犯两种戒:辱骂已受具足戒的比丘,犯波逸提;辱骂未受具足戒的人,犯恶作。因为争论论诤事这个原因,就会犯这两种戒。
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ āpattānāpattīti? Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ na āpatti. Kiṃ pana vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjeyyāti? Āma, vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjeyya. Vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Upasampannaṃ omasati, āpatti pācittiyassa; anupasampannaṃ omasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa – vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā imā dve āpattiyo āpajjati.
21这些罪属于四种失坏中的几种失坏?属于四种诤事中的哪一种?被七种罪聚中的几种罪聚所包含?由六种犯罪起源中的几种起源而生起?由几种诤事、在几种处理地点、用几种止灭法而止灭?
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Katihi adhikaraṇehi katisu ṭhānesu katihi samathehi sammanti?
22这些罪只属于一种失坏——行失坏。属于四种诤事中的犯罪诤事。被七种罪聚中的两种罪聚所包含:有时被波逸提罪聚包含,有时被恶作罪聚包含。由六种犯罪起源中的三种起源而生起。由一种诤事——义务诤事,在三种处理地点——僧团中、众中、个人面前,用三种止灭法而止灭:有时用现前调伏和自言治,有时用现前调伏和覆草。
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ ekaṃ vipattiṃ bhajanti – ācāravipattiṃ. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ , āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ dvīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ tīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti. Ekena adhikaraṇena – kiccādhikaraṇena; tīsu ṭhānesu – saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike; tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.
345非难诤事本身是罪还是非罪?非难诤事不是罪。那么,是否会因为非难诤事这个原因而犯戒呢?是的,会因为非难诤事这个原因而犯戒。因为非难诤事这个原因会犯多少种戒?因为非难诤事这个原因会犯三种戒:以无根据的波罗夷法诽谤比丘,犯僧残;以无根据的僧残法诽谤比丘,犯波逸提;以无根据的行失坏诽谤比丘,犯恶作。因为非难诤事这个原因,就会犯这三种戒。
Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ āpattānāpattīti? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ na āpatti. Kiṃ pana anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjeyyāti? Āma, anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjeyya. Anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā, kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhikkhuṃ amūlakena pārājikena dhammena anuddhaṃseti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa; amūlakena saṅghādisesena anuddhaṃseti, āpatti pācittiyassa; amūlikāya ācāravipattiyā anuddhaṃseti, āpatti dukkaṭassa – anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā imā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati.
24这些罪属于四种失坏中的几种失坏?属于四种诤事中的哪一种?被七种罪聚中的几种罪聚所包含?由六种犯罪起源中的几种起源而生起?由几种诤事、在几种处理地点、用几种止灭法而止灭?
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Katihi adhikaraṇehi katisu ṭhānesu katihi samathehi sammanti?
25这些犯行,在四种失坏之中,归属于两种失坏:有时是戒失坏,有时是行失坏。在四种诤事之中,属于犯罪诤事。在七种犯聚之中,被三种犯聚所摄:有时是僧残犯聚,有时是波逸提犯聚,有时是恶作犯聚。在六种犯行生起方式之中,由三种生起方式而生起。其中那些重犯,那种犯行是以一种诤事——义务诤事来处理;在一个地方——僧团当中;以两种止灭法来止灭——即现前调伏与自言治。其中那些轻犯,那种犯行是以一种诤事——义务诤事来处理;在三个地方——僧团当中、团体当中、个人面前;以三种止灭法来止灭——有时是现前调伏与自言治,有时是现前调伏与覆草。
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ dve vipattiyo bhajanti – siyā sīlavipattiṃ, siyā ācāravipattiṃ. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ tīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā saṅghādisesāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ tīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti. Yā tā āpattiyo garukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena – kiccādhikaraṇena; ekamhi ṭhāne – saṅghamajjhe; dvīhi samathehi sammanti – sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca. Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena – kiccādhikaraṇena; tīsu ṭhānesu – saṅghamajjhe gaṇamajjhe puggalassa santike; tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca , siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.
346犯罪诤事是犯,还是非犯?犯罪诤事是犯。那么,会不会因为犯罪诤事这个缘而犯下犯行呢?是的,会因为犯罪诤事这个缘而犯下犯行。因为犯罪诤事这个缘,会犯下多少种犯行呢?因为犯罪诤事这个缘,会犯下四种犯行:如果比丘尼明知后覆藏波罗夷法,犯波罗夷;如果内心存疑而覆藏,犯粗罪;如果比丘覆藏僧残,犯波逸提;如果覆藏行失坏,犯恶作——因为犯罪诤事这个缘,会犯下这四种犯行。
Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ āpattānāpattīti? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ āpatti. Kiṃ pana āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjeyyāti? Āma, āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjeyya. Āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā catasso āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhikkhunī jānaṃ pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicchādeti, āpatti pārājikassa; vematikā paṭicchādeti, āpatti thullaccayassa; bhikkhu saṅghādisesaṃ paṭicchādeti, āpatti pācittiyassa; ācāravipattiṃ paṭicchādeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa – āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā imā catasso āpattiyo āpajjati.
27这些犯行,在四种失坏之中,归属于几种失坏?在四种诤事之中,属于哪种诤事?在七种犯聚之中,被几种犯聚所摄?在六种犯行生起方式之中,由几种生起方式而生起?以几种诤事、在几个地方、以几种止灭法来止灭?
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti ? Katihi adhikaraṇehi katisu ṭhānesu katihi samathehi sammanti?
28这些犯行,在四种失坏之中,归属于两种失坏:有时是戒失坏,有时是行失坏。在四种诤事之中,属于犯罪诤事。在七种犯聚之中,被四种犯聚所摄:有时是波罗夷犯聚,有时是粗罪犯聚,有时是波逸提犯聚,有时是恶作犯聚。在六种犯行生起方式之中,由一种生起方式而生起:从身、从语、从意而生起。至于那种无余犯,这种犯行不通过某种诤事来处理,不放在某个地方,不以某种止灭法来止灭。其中那些轻犯,那种犯行是以一种诤事——义务诤事来处理;在三个地方——僧团当中、团体当中、个人面前;以三种止灭法来止灭——有时是现前调伏与自言治,有时是现前调伏与覆草。
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ dve vipattiyo bhajanti – siyā sīlavipattiṃ siyā ācāravipattiṃ. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ – āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ catūhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti – kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti. Yā sā āpatti anavasesā sā āpatti na katamena adhikaraṇena, na katamamhi ṭhāne, na katamena samathena sammati. Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena – kiccādhikaraṇena; tīsu ṭhānesu – saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike; tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.
347义务诤事是犯,还是非犯?义务诤事不是犯。那么,会不会因为义务诤事这个缘而犯下犯行呢?是的,会因为义务诤事这个缘而犯下犯行。因为义务诤事这个缘,会犯下多少种犯行呢?因为义务诤事这个缘,会犯下五种犯行:追随被举罪者的比丘尼,在三次劝告下仍不放弃,在动议时是恶作;在两次宣告羯磨时是粗罪;在宣告羯磨结束时是波罗夷;追随分裂者的诸比丘,在三次劝告下仍不放弃,犯僧残;执持恶见者,在三次劝告下仍不放弃,犯波逸提——因为义务诤事这个缘,会犯下这五种犯行。
Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ āpattānāpattīti? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ na āpatti. Kiṃ pana kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjeyyāti? Āma, kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṃ āpajjeyya. Kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati. Ukkhittānuvattikā bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjati, ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ; dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā; kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti pārājikassa; bhedakānuvattakā bhikkhū yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa; pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa – kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā imā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati.
30这些犯行,在四种失坏之中,归属于几种失坏?在四种诤事之中,属于哪种诤事?在七种犯聚之中,被几种犯聚所摄?在六种犯行生起方式之中,由几种生起方式而生起?以几种诤事、在几个地方、以几种止灭法来止灭?
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Katihi adhikaraṇehi katisu ṭhānesu katihi samathehi sammanti?
31这些犯行,在四种失坏之中,归属于两种失坏:有时是戒失坏,有时是行失坏。在四种诤事之中,属于犯罪诤事。在七种犯聚之中,被五种犯聚所摄:有时是波罗夷犯聚,有时是僧残犯聚,有时是粗罪犯聚,有时是波逸提犯聚,有时是恶作犯聚。在六种犯行生起方式之中,由一种生起方式而生起:从身、从语、从意而生起。至于那种无余犯,这种犯行不通过某种诤事来处理,不放在某个地方,不以某种止灭法来止灭。其中那些重犯,那种犯行是以一种诤事——义务诤事来处理;在一个地方——僧团当中;以两种止灭法来止灭——即现前调伏与自言治。其中那些轻犯,那种犯行是以一种诤事——义务诤事来处理;在三个地方——僧团当中、团体当中、个人面前;以三种止灭法来止灭——有时是现前调伏与自言治,有时是现前调伏与覆草。
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ dve vipattiyo bhajanti – siyā sīlavipattiṃ siyā ācāravipattiṃ. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ – āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ pañcahi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā saṅghādisesāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti – kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti. Yā sā āpatti anavasesā sā āpatti na katamena adhikaraṇena, na katamamhi ṭhāne, na katamena samathena sammati. Yā sā āpatti garukā sā āpatti ekena adhikaraṇena – kiccādhikaraṇena; ekamhi ṭhāne – saṅghamajjhe; dvīhi samathehi sammati – sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca. Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena – kiccādhikaraṇena; tīsu ṭhānesu – saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike; tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.
375. 诤事意趣
5. Adhikaraṇādhippāyo
348争论论诤事可以存在,非难诤事可以存在,犯罪诤事可以存在,义务诤事可以存在。争论论诤事本身并不是非难诤事,不是犯罪诤事,也不是义务诤事;但是,因为争论论诤事这个缘,会出现非难诤事,会出现犯罪诤事,会出现义务诤事。这是怎么说的呢?在这里,诸比丘争论着——这是法,或这是非法;这是重犯,或这不是重犯。在那当中,那种口角、争吵、对立、争论、意见分歧、各说各话、带有敌意的言谈、纠缠不清的事,这就叫作争论论诤事。在争论论诤事中,僧团在争论着——这是争论论诤事。在争论的过程中,一方去指责对方——这就是非难诤事。在指责的过程中,他犯下了犯行——这就是犯罪诤事。因为那个犯行,僧团对他执行羯磨——这就是义务诤事。就这样,因为争论论诤事这个缘,会出现非难诤事,会出现犯罪诤事,会出现义务诤事。
Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ. Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ; api ca, vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Idha bhikkhū vivadanti – dhammoti vā adhammoti vā duṭṭhullāpattīti vā aduṭṭhullāpattīti vā. Yaṃ tattha bhaṇḍanaṃ kalaho viggaho vivādo nānāvādo aññathāvādo vipaccatāya vohāro medhakaṃ, idaṃ vuccati vivādādhikaraṇaṃ. Vivādādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṃ. Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ. Anuvadamāno āpattiṃ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṃ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ.
33非难诤事会成为犯罪诤事,会成为义务诤事,会成为争论论诤事。非难诤事不会成为犯罪诤事,不会成为义务诤事,不会成为争论论诤事;但总之,以非难诤事为缘,会产生犯罪诤事,会产生义务诤事,会产生争论论诤事。这是怎么回事呢?在这里,诸比丘以戒失坏、或行失坏、或见失坏、或活命失坏而指责某比丘。在那当中,凡有指责、非难、责难、数落、追究、发起、施压,这就称为非难诤事。在非难诤事上,僧团产生争论,这就是争论论诤事。在争论时进行指责,这就是非难诤事。在进行指责时犯下罪过,这就是犯罪诤事。由于那个罪,僧团进行羯磨(僧团羯磨),这就是义务诤事。就这样,以非难诤事为缘,会产生犯罪诤事,会产生义务诤事,会产生争论论诤事。
Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ. Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ; api ca, anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Idha bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ anuvadanti sīlavipattiyā vā ācāravipattiyā vā diṭṭhivipattiyā vā ājīvavipattiyā vā. Yo tattha anuvādo anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṃ, idaṃ vuccati anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ. Anuvādādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati, vivādādhikaraṇaṃ. Vivadamāno anuvadati, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ. Anuvadamāno āpattiṃ āpajjati, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṃ karoti, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ.
34犯罪诤事会成为义务诤事,会成为争论论诤事,会成为非难诤事。犯罪诤事不会成为义务诤事,不会成为争论论诤事,不会成为非难诤事;但总之,以犯罪诤事为缘,会产生义务诤事,会产生争论论诤事,会产生非难诤事。这是怎么回事呢?五类罪是犯罪诤事,七类罪是犯罪诤事,这就称为犯罪诤事。在犯罪诤事上,僧团产生争论,这就是争论论诤事。在争论时进行指责,这就是非难诤事。在进行指责时犯下罪过,这就是犯罪诤事。由于那个罪,僧团进行羯磨,这就是义务诤事。就这样,以犯罪诤事为缘,会产生义务诤事,会产生争论论诤事,会产生非难诤事。
Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ. Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ; api ca, āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Pañcapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, idaṃ vuccati āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Āpattādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṃ. Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ. Anuvadamāno āpattiṃ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṃ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ.
35义务诤事会成为争论论诤事,会成为非难诤事,会成为犯罪诤事。义务诤事不会成为争论论诤事,不会成为非难诤事,不会成为犯罪诤事;但总之,以义务诤事为缘,会产生争论论诤事,会产生非难诤事,会产生犯罪诤事。这是怎么回事呢?凡是僧团所需负责、所应作的义务——白事羯磨,告白羯磨,告白二事羯磨,告白四事羯磨——这就称为义务诤事。在义务诤事上,僧团产生争论,这就是争论论诤事。在争论时进行指责,这就是非难诤事。在进行指责时犯下罪过,这就是犯罪诤事。由于那个罪,僧团进行羯磨,这就是义务诤事。就这样,以义务诤事为缘,会产生争论论诤事,会产生非难诤事,会产生犯罪诤事。
Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ; api ca, kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Yathā kathaṃ viya? Yā saṅghassa kiccayatā karaṇīyatā apalokanakammaṃ ñattikammaṃ ñattidutiyakammaṃ ñatticatutthakammaṃ, idaṃ vuccati kiccādhikaraṇaṃ. Kiccādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṃ. Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ. Anuvadamāno āpattiṃ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṃ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ.
426. 问轮
6. Pucchāvāro
349哪里有念律,那里就有现前调伏吗?哪里有现前调伏,那里就有念律吗?哪里有不痴调伏,那里就有现前调伏吗?哪里有现前调伏,那里就有不痴调伏吗?哪里有自言治,那里就有现前调伏吗?哪里有现前调伏,那里就有自言治吗?哪里有多数决,那里就有现前调伏吗?哪里有现前调伏,那里就有多数决吗?哪里有恶人纠治,那里就有现前调伏吗?哪里有现前调伏,那里就有恶人纠治吗?哪里有覆草,那里就有现前调伏吗?哪里有现前调伏,那里就有覆草吗?
Yattha sativinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo? Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha sativinayo? Yattha amūḷhavinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo? Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha amūḷhavinayo? Yattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ tattha sammukhāvinayo? Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ? Yattha yebhuyyasikā tattha sammukhāvinayo? Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha yebhuyyasikā? Yattha tassapāpiyasikā tattha sammukhāvinayo? Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tassapāpiyasikā? Yattha tiṇavatthārako tattha sammukhāvinayo? Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tiṇavatthārako?
447. 答轮
7. Vissajjanāvāro
350每当以现前调伏和念律令诤事得以平息时——哪里有念律,那里就有现前调伏;哪里有现前调伏,那里就有念律。那时,那里没有不痴调伏,那里没有自言治,那里没有多数决,那里没有恶人纠治,那里没有覆草。每当以现前调伏和不痴调伏……(中略)……以现前调伏和自言治……(中略)……以现前调伏和多数决……(中略)……以现前调伏和恶人纠治……(中略)……以现前调伏和覆草令诤事得以平息时——哪里有覆草,那里就有现前调伏;哪里有现前调伏,那里就有覆草。那时,那里没有念律,那里没有不痴调伏,那里没有自言治,那里没有多数决,那里没有恶人纠治。
Yasmiṃ samaye sammukhāvinayena ca sativinayena ca adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati – yattha sativinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo, yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha sativinayo, na tattha amūḷhavinayo, na tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ, na tattha yebhuyyasikā, na tattha tassapāpiyasikā, na tattha tiṇavatthārako. Yasmiṃ samaye sammukhāvinayena ca amūḷhavinayena ca…pe… sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca…pe… sammukhāvinayena ca yebhuyyasikāya ca…pe… sammukhāvinayena ca tassapāpiyasikāya ca…pe… sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasammati – yattha tiṇavatthārako tattha sammukhāvinayo, yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tiṇavatthārako, na tattha sativinayo, na tattha amūḷhavinayo, na tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ, na tattha yebhuyyasikā, na tattha tassapāpiyasikā.
468. 相应轮
8. Saṃsaṭṭhavāro
351所谓现前调伏与念律——这些法是混合的,还是分离的呢?而且,是否能够将这些法一一拆解、分别开来指出其差别呢?所谓现前调伏与不痴调伏……(中略)……所谓现前调伏与自言治……所谓现前调伏与多数决……所谓现前调伏与恶人纠治……所谓现前调伏与覆草——这些法是混合的,还是分离的呢?而且,是否能够将这些法一一拆解、分别开来指出其差别呢?
Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā – ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā udāhu visaṃsaṭṭhā? Labbhā ca panimesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetuṃ? Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā…pe… sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti – ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā udāhu visaṃsaṭṭhā ? Labbhā ca panimesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetuṃ?
39所谓现前调伏与念律——这些法是混合的,不是分离的;而且,不能够将这些法一一拆解、分别开来指出其差别。所谓现前调伏与不痴调伏……(中略)……所谓现前调伏与自言治……所谓现前调伏与多数决……所谓现前调伏与恶人纠治……所谓现前调伏与覆草——这些法是混合的,不是分离的;而且,不能够将这些法一一拆解、分别开来指出其差别。
Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā – ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā, no visaṃsaṭṭhā; na ca labbhā imesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetuṃ. Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā…pe… sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā – ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā, no visaṃsaṭṭhā; na ca labbhā imesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetuṃ.
499. 七灭诤因缘
9. Sattasamathanidānaṃ
352现前调伏,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为生源,以什么为出处,以什么为具缘,以什么为生起?念律,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为生源,以什么为出处,以什么为具缘,以什么为生起?不痴调伏,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为生源,以什么为出处,以什么为具缘,以什么为生起?自言治,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为生源,以什么为出处,以什么为具缘,以什么为生起?多数决,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为生源,以什么为出处,以什么为具缘,以什么为生起?恶人纠治,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为生源,以什么为出处,以什么为具缘,以什么为生起?覆草,以什么为因,以什么为集,以什么为生源,以什么为出处,以什么为具缘,以什么为生起?
Sammukhāvinayo kiṃnidāno, kiṃsamudayo, kiṃjātiko, kiṃpabhavo, kiṃsambhāro kiṃsamuṭṭhāno? Sativinayo kiṃnidāno, kiṃsamudayo, kiṃjātiko, kiṃpabhavo, kiṃsambhāro, kiṃsamuṭṭhāno? Amūḷhavinayo kiṃnidāno, kiṃsamudayo, kiṃjātiko, kiṃpabhavo, kiṃsambhāro, kiṃsamuṭṭhāno? Paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ, kiṃsamudayaṃ, kiṃjātikaṃ, kiṃpabhavaṃ, kiṃsambhāraṃ, kiṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ? Yebhuyyasikā kiṃnidānā, kiṃsamudayā, kiṃjātikā, kiṃpabhavā, kiṃsambhārā, kiṃsamuṭṭhānā? Tassapāpiyasikā kiṃnidānā, kiṃsamudayā, kiṃjātikā, kiṃpabhavā, kiṃsambhārā, kiṃsamuṭṭhānā tiṇavatthārako kiṃnidāno, kiṃsamudayo, kiṃjātiko, kiṃpabhavo, kiṃsambhāro, kiṃsamuṭṭhāno?
41现前调伏以根源为根源,以根源为集起,以根源为生,以根源为源,以根源为集,以根源为生起。念律……不痴调伏……自言治以根源为根源,以根源为集起,以根源为生,以根源为源,以根源为集,以根源为生起。多数决……彼恶者治以根源为根源,以根源为集起,以根源为生,以根源为源,以根源为集,以根源为生起。覆草以根源为根源,以根源为集起,以根源为生,以根源为源,以根源为集,以根源为生起。
Sammukhāvinayo nidānanidāno, nidānasamudayo, nidānajātiko, nidānapabhavo, nidānasambhāro, nidānasamuṭṭhāno. Sativinayo…pe… amūḷhavinayo…pe… paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ nidānanidānaṃ, nidānasamudayaṃ, nidānajātikaṃ, nidānapabhavaṃ, nidānasambhāraṃ, nidānasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Yebhuyyasikā…pe… tassapāpiyasikā nidānanidānā, nidānasamudayā, nidānajātikā, nidānapabhavā, nidānasambhārā , nidānasamuṭṭhānā. Tiṇavatthārako nidānanidāno, nidānasamudayo, nidānajātiko, nidānapabhavo, nidānasambhāro, nidānasamuṭṭhāno.
42现前调伏以什么为根源,以什么为集起,以什么为生,以什么为源,以什么为集,以什么为生起?念律……不痴调伏……自言治……多数决……彼恶者治……覆草以什么为根源,以什么为集起,以什么为生,以什么为源,以什么为集,以什么为生起?
Sammukhāvinayo kiṃnidāno, kiṃsamudayo, kiṃjātiko, kiṃpabhavo, kiṃsambhāro, kiṃsamuṭṭhāno ? Sativinayo…pe… amūḷhavinayo…pe… paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ…pe… yebhuyyasikā…pe… tassapāpiyasikā…pe… tiṇavatthārako kiṃnidāno, kiṃsamudayo, kiṃjātiko, kiṃpabhavo, kiṃsambhāro, kiṃsamuṭṭhāno?
43现前调伏以因为根源,以因为集起,以因为生,以因为源,以因为集,以因为生起。念律……不痴调伏……自言治以因为根源,以因为集起,以因为生,以因为源,以因为集,以因为生起。多数决……彼恶者治以因为根源,以因为集起,以因为生,以因为源,以因为集,以因为生起。覆草以因为根源,以因为集起,以因为生,以因为源,以因为集,以因为生起。
Sammukhāvinayo hetunidāno, hetusamudayo, hetujātiko, hetupabhavo, hetusambhāro, hetusamuṭṭhāno . Sativinayo…pe… amūḷhavinayo…pe… paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ hetunidānaṃ, hetusamudayaṃ, hetujātikaṃ, hetupabhavaṃ, hetusambhāraṃ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṃ. Yebhuyyasikā…pe… tassapāpiyasikā hetunidānā, hetusamudayā, hetujātikā, hetupabhavā, hetusambhārā, hetusamuṭṭhānā. Tiṇavatthārako hetunidāno, hetusamudayo, hetujātiko, hetupabhavo, hetusambhāro, hetusamuṭṭhāno.
44现前调伏以什么为根源,以什么为集起,以什么为生,以什么为源,以什么为集,以什么为生起?念律……不痴调伏……自言治……多数决……彼恶者治……覆草以什么为根源,以什么为集起,以什么为生,以什么为源,以什么为集,以什么为生起?现前调伏以缘为根源,以缘为集起,以缘为生,以缘为源,以缘为集,以缘为生起。念律……不痴调伏……自言治以缘为根源,以缘为集起,以缘为生,以缘为源,以缘为集,以缘为生起。多数决……彼恶者治以缘为根源,以缘为集起,以缘为生,以缘为源,以缘为集,以缘为生起。覆草以缘为根源,以缘为集起,以缘为生,以缘为源,以缘为集,以缘为生起。
Sammukhāvinayo kiṃnidāno, kiṃsamudayo, kiṃjātiko, kiṃpabhavo, kiṃsambhāro, kiṃsamuṭṭhāno? Sativinayo…pe… amūḷhavinayo…pe… paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ…pe… yebhuyyasikā…pe… tassapāpiyasikā…pe… tiṇavatthārako kiṃnidāno, kiṃsamudayo, kiṃjātiko, kiṃpabhavo, kiṃsambhāro, kiṃsamuṭṭhāno? Sammukhāvinayo paccayanidāno, paccayasamudayo, paccayajātiko, paccayapabhavo, paccayasambhāro, paccayasamuṭṭhāno. Sativinayo…pe… amūḷhavinayo…pe… paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ paccayanidānaṃ, paccayasamudayaṃ, paccayajātikaṃ, paccayapabhavaṃ, paccayasambhāraṃ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṃ. Yebhuyyasikā…pe… tassapāpiyasikā paccayanidānā, paccayasamudayā, paccayajātikā, paccayapabhavā, paccayasambhārā, paccayasamuṭṭhānā. Tiṇavatthārako paccayanidāno, paccayasamudayo, paccayajātiko, paccayapabhavo, paccayasambhāro, paccayasamuṭṭhāno.
353七种止灭法有多少根源,有多少生起?七种止灭法有二十六个根源,三十六个生起。七种止灭法的哪二十六个根源?现前调伏有四个根源——僧现前、法现前、律现前、人现前;念律有四个根源;不痴调伏有四个根源;自言治有两个根源——那个坦白的和那个被坦白的;多数决有四个根源;彼恶者治有四个根源;覆草有四个根源——僧现前、法现前、律现前、人现前。这些就是七种止灭法的二十六个根源。
Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ kati mūlāni, kati samuṭṭhānā? Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ chabbīsa mūlāni, chattiṃsa samuṭṭhānā. Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katamāni chabbī mūlāni? Sammukhāvinayassa cattāri mūlāni. Saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā; sativinayassa cattāri mūlāni; amūḷhavinayassa cattāri mūlāni; paṭiññātakaraṇassa dve mūlāni – yo ca deseti yassa ca deseti; yebhuyyasikāya cattāri mūlāni; tassapāpiyasikāya cattāri mūlāni; tiṇavatthārakassa cattāri mūlāni – saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā – sattannaṃ samathānaṃ imāni chabbīsa mūlāni.
46七种止灭法的哪三十六个生起?念律羯磨的执行、操作、前往、许行、接受、不反对。不痴调伏羯磨的……自言治羯磨的……多数决羯磨的……彼恶者治羯磨的……覆草羯磨的执行、操作、前往、许行、接受、不反对。这些就是七种止灭法的三十六个生起。
Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katame chattiṃsa samuṭṭhānā? Sativinayassa kammassa kiriyā, karaṇaṃ, upagamanaṃ, ajjhupagamanaṃ, adhivāsanā, appaṭikkosanā. Amūḷhavinayassa kammassa…pe… paṭiññātakaraṇassa kammassa… yebhuyyasikāya kammassa… tassapāpiyasikāya kammassa… tiṇavatthārakassa kammassa kiriyā, karaṇaṃ, upagamanaṃ, ajjhupagamanaṃ, adhivāsanā, appaṭikkosanā – sattannaṃ samathānaṃ ime chattiṃsa samuṭṭhānā.
5710. 七灭诤不同义等
10. Sattasamathanānatthādi
354所谓现前调伏和所谓念律,这些法是义异文异,还是义一唯文异?所谓现前调伏和所谓不痴调伏……所谓现前调伏和所谓自言治……所谓现前调伏和所谓多数决……所谓现前调伏和所谓彼恶者治……所谓现前调伏和所谓覆草,这些法是义异文异,还是义一唯文异?所谓现前调伏和所谓念律,这些法既是义异,也是文异。所谓现前调伏和所谓不痴调伏……所谓现前调伏和所谓自言治……所谓现前调伏和所谓多数决……所谓现前调伏和所谓彼恶者治……所谓现前调伏和所谓覆草,这些法既是义异,也是文异。
Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā – ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānaṃ? Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā…pe… sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā – ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānaṃ? Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā – ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca. Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā…pe… sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā… sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā – ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānā byañjanā ca.
355争论是争论论诤事,还是争论非诤事,还是诤事非争论,还是既是争论又是诤事?有时争论是争论论诤事,有时争论非诤事,有时诤事非争论,有时既是争论又是诤事。
Vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, vivādo no adhikaraṇaṃ, adhikaraṇaṃ no vivādo, adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca? Siyā vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, siyā vivādo no adhikaraṇaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇaṃ no vivādo, siyā adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca.
49其中,什么是争论就是争论论诤事呢?这里,诸比丘争论说:“这是法”或“这不是法”……乃至“这是粗重罪”或“这不是粗重罪”。在这当中生起的纷争、口角、冲突、争论、意见分歧、对立主张、互较短长的言说、互相敌对——这,就是争论,也就是争论论诤事。
Tattha katamo vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṃ? Idha bhikkhū vivadanti dhammoti vā adhammoti vā…pe… duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā. Yaṃ tattha bhaṇḍanaṃ, kalaho, viggaho, vivādo, nānāvādo, aññathāvādo, vipaccatāya vohāro, medhakaṃ – ayaṃ vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṃ.
50其中,什么是争论却不是诤事呢?母亲与儿子争论,儿子与母亲争论;父亲与儿子争论,儿子与父亲争论;兄弟之间相互争论,兄弟与姊妹争论,姊妹与兄弟争论;朋友与朋友争论——这,是争论,却不是诤事。
Tattha katamo vivādo no adhikaraṇaṃ? Mātāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi mātarā vivadati, pitāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi pitarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhātarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhaginiyā vivadati, bhaginīpi bhātarā vivadati, sahāyopi sahāyena vivadati – ayaṃ vivādo no adhikaraṇaṃ.
51其中,什么是诤事却不是争论呢?非难诤事、犯罪诤事、义务诤事——这些,是诤事,却不是争论。
Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no vivādo? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no vivādo.
52其中,什么是既是诤事又是争论呢?争论论诤事,既是诤事,也是争论。
Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca? Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca.
356非难就是非难诤事吗?还是非难却不是诤事?是诤事却不是非难?既是诤事又是非难?非难,可能是非难即是非难诤事;可能是非难却不是诤事;可能是诤事却不是非难;可能是既是诤事也是非难。
Anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṃ, adhikaraṇaṃ no anuvādo, adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca? Siyā anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, siyā anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇaṃ no anuvādo, siyā adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca.
54其中,什么是非难即是非难诤事呢?这里,诸比丘因戒行的失坏、行为的失坏、见解的失坏、生活方式的失坏而指责另一位比丘。在那当中生起的指责、谴责、数落、呵斥、紧逼追究、激烈抨击、层层逼迫——这,就是非难,也就是非难诤事。
Tattha katamo anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ? Idha bhikkhū bhikkhuṃ anuvadanti sīlavipattiyā vā ācāravipattiyā vā diṭṭhivipattiyā vā ājīvavipattiyā vā. Yo tattha anuvādo, anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṃ – ayaṃ anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ.
55其中,什么是非难却不是诤事呢?母亲指责儿子,儿子指责母亲;父亲指责儿子,儿子指责父亲;兄弟指责兄弟,兄弟指责姊妹,姊妹指责兄弟;朋友指责朋友——这,是非难,却不是诤事。
Tattha katamo anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṃ? Mātāpi puttaṃ anuvadati, puttopi mātaraṃ anuvadati, pitāpi puttaṃ anuvadati, puttopi pitaraṃ anuvadati, bhātāpi bhātaraṃ anuvadati, bhātāpi bhaginiṃ anuvadati, bhaginīpi bhātaraṃ anuvadati, sahāyopi sahāyaṃ anuvadati – ayaṃ anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṃ.
56其中,什么是诤事却不是非难呢?犯罪诤事、义务诤事、争论论诤事——这些,是诤事,却不是非难。
Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no anuvādo? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ vivādādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no anuvādo.
57其中,什么是‘既是诤事又是非难’呢?非难诤事,就是诤事,同时也是非难。
Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca? Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca.
357有‘犯罪是罪诤事’,有‘是犯罪但不是诤事’,有‘是诤事但不是犯罪’,有‘既是诤事又是犯罪’的情况吗?确实有‘犯罪是罪诤事’的情况,确实有‘是犯罪但不是诤事’的情况,确实有‘是诤事但不是犯罪’的情况,确实有‘既是诤事又是犯罪’的情况。
Āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, āpatti no adhikaraṇaṃ, adhikaraṇaṃ no āpatti, adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca? Siyā āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, siyā āpatti no adhikaraṇaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇaṃ no āpatti, siyā adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca.
59其中,什么是‘犯罪是罪诤事’呢?五罪聚是罪诤事,七罪聚也是罪诤事。这就是‘犯罪是罪诤事’。
Tattha katamā āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ? Pañcapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ . Sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Ayaṃ āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ.
60其中,什么是‘是犯罪但不是诤事’呢?入流果的等至——这就是‘是犯罪但不是诤事’。
Tattha katamā āpatti no adhikaraṇaṃ? Sotāpatti samāpatti – ayaṃ āpatti no adhikaraṇaṃ.
61其中,什么是‘是诤事但不是犯罪’呢?义务诤事、争论论诤事、非难诤事——这就是‘是诤事但不是犯罪’。
Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no āpatti? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ vivādādhikaraṇaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no āpatti.
62其中,什么是‘既是诤事又是犯罪’呢?罪诤事,就是诤事,同时也是犯罪。
Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca? Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca.
358有‘义务是义务诤事’,有‘是义务但不是诤事’,有‘是诤事但不是义务’,有‘既是诤事又是义务’的情况吗?确实有‘义务是义务诤事’的情况,确实有‘是义务但不是诤事’的情况,确实有‘是诤事但不是义务’的情况,确实有‘既是诤事又是义务’的情况。
Kiccaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccaṃ no adhikaraṇaṃ, adhikaraṇaṃ no kiccaṃ, adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca? Siyā kiccaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ, siyā kiccaṃ no adhikaraṇaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇaṃ no kiccaṃ, siyā adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca.
64其中,什么是‘义务是义务诤事’呢?凡是僧团的事务性、应作之事——白羯磨、白一羯磨、白二羯磨、白四羯磨——这就是‘义务是义务诤事’。
Tattha katamaṃ kiccaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ? Yā saṅghassa kiccayatā karaṇīyatā apalokanakammaṃ ñattikammaṃ ñattidutiyakammaṃ ñatticatutthakammaṃ – idaṃ kiccaṃ kiccādhikaraṇaṃ.
65其中,什么是义务而非诤事?老师的义务、亲教师的义务、同亲教师者的义务、同老师者的义务——这是义务而非诤事。
Tattha katamaṃ kiccaṃ no adhikaraṇaṃ? Ācariyakiccaṃ upajjhāyakiccaṃ samānupajjhāyakiccaṃ samānācariyakiccaṃ – idaṃ kiccaṃ no adhikaraṇaṃ.
66其中,什么是诤事而非义务?争论论诤事、非难诤事、犯罪诤事——这是诤事而非义务。
Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no kiccaṃ? Vivādādhikaraṇaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ āpattādhikaraṇaṃ – idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ no kiccaṃ.
67其中,什么既是诤事又是义务?义务诤事,它既是诤事又是义务。
Tattha katamaṃ adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca? Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ adhikaraṇañceva kiccaṃ cāti.
79灭诤分别完
Adhikaraṇabhedo niṭṭhito.
80其偈颂
Tassuddānaṃ –
68诤事的破坏、因由、通过人来;
Adhikaraṇaṃ ukkoṭā, ākārā puggalena ca;
69由缘、因、条件,由根本与起源;
Nidānahetupaccayā, mūlaṃ samuṭṭhānena ca.
70那里会有何罪,它们与缘相关;
Āpatti hoti yattha ca, saṃsaṭṭhā nidānena ca ;
71因、条件、根本,由起源与表达;
Hetupaccayamūlāni, samuṭṭhānena byañjanā;
72争论即诤事——在导致分裂的诤事中,这就是它的样子。
Vivādo adhikaraṇanti, bhedādhikaraṇe idanti.