8. 行仪篇
18. 行仪篇
8. Vattakkhandhakaṃ
21. 客比丘行仪论
1. Āgantukavattakathā
356那时，佛世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时，客比丘们穿着鞋进入寺院，撑着伞进入寺院，包着头进入寺院，把衣搭在头上进入寺院，还用饮用水洗脚，不向年长的住处比丘礼敬，也不询问住处。有一位客比丘，推开一个没人住的寺院的插销，打开门，突然闯了进去。一条蛇从上面掉到他的肩上，他吓得大叫起来。比丘们跑过来，对那位比丘说：“贤友，你为什么大叫？”于是，那位比丘把事情告诉了比丘们。那些少欲的比丘们……对此不满、批评、指责道：“客比丘们怎么能穿着鞋进入寺院，撑着伞进入寺院，包着头进入寺院，把衣搭在头上进入寺院，还用饮用水洗脚，不向年长的住处比丘礼敬，也不询问住处呢！”于是，那些比丘把这件事禀告了世尊……“比丘们，听说客比丘们穿着鞋进入寺院，撑着伞进入寺院，包着头进入寺院，把衣搭在头上进入寺院，用饮用水洗脚，不向年长的住处比丘礼敬，也不询问住处，这是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”佛世尊呵责道……“比丘们，客比丘们怎么能穿着鞋进入寺院，撑着伞进入寺院，包着头进入寺院，把衣搭在头上进入寺院，用饮用水洗脚，不向年长的住处比丘礼敬，也不询问住处呢？比丘们，这不能让未生信者生信……呵责后……作了法谈后，对比丘们说：
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āgantukā bhikkhū saupāhanāpi ārāmaṃ pavisanti, chattapaggahitāpi ārāmaṃ pavisanti, oguṇṭhitāpi ārāmaṃ pavisanti, sīsepi cīvaraṃ karitvā ārāmaṃ pavisanti, pānīyenapi pāde dhovanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āvāsike bhikkhū na abhivādenti, napi senāsanaṃ pucchanti. Aññataropi āgantuko bhikkhu anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vihāraṃ ghaṭikaṃ ugghāṭetvā kavāṭaṃ paṇāmetvā sahasā pāvisi. Tassa uparipiṭṭhito ahi khandhe papati. So bhīto vissaramakāsi. Bhikkhū upadhāvitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, āvuso, vissaramakāsī’’ti? Atha kho so bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma āgantukā bhikkhū saupāhanāpi ārāmaṃ pavisissanti, chattapaggahitāpi ārāmaṃ pavisissanti, oguṇṭhitāpi ārāmaṃ pavisissanti, sīsepi cīvaraṃ karitvā ārāmaṃ pavisissanti, pānīyenapi pāde dhovissanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āvāsike bhikkhū na abhivādessanti, napi senāsanaṃ pucchissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, ‘‘āgantukā bhikkhū saupāhanāpi ārāmaṃ pavisanti, chattapaggahitāpi ārāmaṃ pavisanti, oguṇṭhitāpi ārāmaṃ pavisanti, sīsepi cīvaraṃ karitvā ārāmaṃ pavisanti, pānīyenipi pāde dhovanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āvāsike bhikkhū na abhivādenti, napi senāsanaṃ pucchantīti. Saccaṃ bhagavāti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma bhikkhave āgantukā bhikkhū saupāhanāpi ārāmaṃ pavisissanti, chattapaggahitāpi ārāmaṃ pavisissanti, oguṇṭhitāpi ārāmaṃ pavisissanti, sīsepi cīvaraṃ karitvā ārāmaṃ pavisissanti, pānīyenapi pāde dhovissanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āvāsike bhikkhū na abhivādessanti, napi senāsanaṃ pucchissanti, netaṃ bhikkhave appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
357“那么，比丘们，我来制定客比丘的义务，你们应当依此正确地履行。比丘们，客比丘心想‘我现在要进入寺院了’时，就应脱下鞋，放低拍去灰尘后拿好，放下伞，露出头，把搭在头上的衣放到肩上，不慌不忙、善巧地进入寺院。进入寺院时，应留心观察：‘住处比丘们在哪里活动？’住处比丘们在哪里活动——无论是在集会堂、凉亭还是树下——都应到那里，将钵放在一边，将衣放在一边，取适合的座位坐下，然后应询问饮用水，应询问使用水：‘哪一种是饮用水，哪一种是用作他用的水？’如果需要饮用水，就拿饮用水来喝。如果需要使用水，就拿来使用水洗脚。洗脚时，应一只手倒水，另一只手洗脚。不能用倒水的那只手洗脚。问过擦鞋的布后，应擦拭鞋子。擦鞋时，应先用干的布擦，再用湿的布擦。擦鞋布洗干净后，应挂放在一边。
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, āgantukānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā āgantukehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Āgantukena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā ‘idāni ārāmaṃ pavisissāmī’ti upāhanā omuñcitvā nīcaṃ katvā papphoṭetvā gahetvā chattaṃ apanāmetvā sīsaṃ vivaritvā sīse cīvaraṃ khandhe katvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena ārāmo pavisitabbo. Ārāmaṃ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṃ – ‘kattha āvāsikā bhikkhū paṭikkamantī’ti? Yattha āvāsikā bhikkhū paṭikkamanti – upaṭṭhānasālāya vā maṇḍape vā rukkhamūle vā – tattha gantvā ekamantaṃ patto nikkhipitabbo; ekamantaṃ cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; patirūpaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā nisīditabbaṃ; pānīyaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, paribhojanīyaṃ pucchitabbaṃ – ‘katamaṃ pānīyaṃ, katamaṃ paribhojanīya’nti? Sace pānīyena attho hoti, pānīyaṃ gahetvā pātabbaṃ. Sace paribhojanīyena attho hoti, paribhojanīyaṃ gahetvā pādā dhovitabbā. Pāde dhovantena ekena hatthena udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ, ekena hatthena pādā dhovitabbā. Teneva udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ na teneva hatthena pādā dhovitabbā. Upāhanapuñchanacoḷakaṃ pucchitvā upāhanā puñchitabbā. Upāhanā puñchantena paṭhamaṃ sukkhena coḷakena puñchitabbā, pacchā allena. Upāhanāpuñchanacoḷakaṃ dhovitvā ekamantaṃ vissajjetabbaṃ.
3“如果住处比丘年长，就应向他礼敬。如果那位比丘较年轻，就应让他向自己礼敬。应询问住处：‘分配给我的住处是哪一个？’应询问是有人住的还是无人住的，应询问可去托钵的区域，应询问不可去托钵的区域，应询问被认可为有学处的在家人家庭，应询问大便处，应询问小便处，应询问饮用水，应询问使用水，应询问手杖，应询问僧团的规约：‘什么时间可以进入，什么时间应离开？’如果寺院是无人住的，敲门后稍等片刻，打开插销，推开门，站在外面往里看。
‘‘Sace āvāsiko bhikkhu vuḍḍho hoti, abhivādetabbo. Sace navako hoti, abhivādāpetabbo. Senāsanaṃ pucchitabbaṃ – ‘katamaṃ me senāsanaṃ pāpuṇātī’ti? Ajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā pucchitabbaṃ, gocaro pucchitabbo, agocaro pucchitabbo, sekkhasammatāni kulāni pucchitabbāni , vaccaṭṭhānaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, passāvaṭṭhānaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, pānīyaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, paribhojanīyaṃ pucchitabbaṃ, kattaradaṇḍo pucchitabbo, saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṃ pucchitabbaṃ – ‘kaṃ kālaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, kaṃ kālaṃ nikkhamitabba’nti? Sace vihāro anajjhāvuṭṭho hoti, kavāṭaṃ ākoṭetvā muhuttaṃ āgametvā ghaṭikaṃ ugghāṭetvā kavāṭaṃ paṇāmetvā bahi ṭhitena nilloketabbo.
4“如果寺院不干净，或者床被叠放在另一张床上，凳子被叠放在另一张凳子上，坐卧用具被堆叠在上面，如果自己能胜任，就应该打扫。打扫寺院时，应先把铺地的东西拿出来放在一边，把床的垫脚拿出来放在一边，把床褥和枕头拿出来放在一边，把坐垫和敷具拿出来放在一边，床应小心翼翼地放低，不碰撞、不刮擦门槛地搬出，放在一边；凳子应小心翼翼地放低，不碰撞、不刮擦门槛地搬出，放在一边；痰盂应拿出来放在一边；靠板应拿出来放在一边。如果寺院里有蜘蛛网，应先把屋顶上的清除掉，再擦拭窗户框和角落。如果有用赭石涂抹过的墙脏了，应把布沾湿拧干后擦拭。如果有用黑色涂过的地脏了，应把布沾湿拧干后擦拭。如果地面没有处理过，应洒水后清扫，以免寺院扬尘。垃圾应收集起来，丢到一边。
‘‘Sace vihāro uklāpo hoti, mañce vā mañco āropito hoti, pīṭhe vā pīṭhaṃ āropitaṃ hoti, senāsanaṃ upari puñjīkataṃ hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṃ sodhentena paṭhamaṃ bhūmattharaṇaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbā; bhisibibbohanaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; mañco nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo; pīṭhaṃ nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo; apassenaphalakaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace vihāre santānakaṃ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāretabbaṃ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā sammajjitabbā – mā vihāro rajena uhaññīti . Saṅkāraṃ vicinitvā ekamantaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ.
5“铺地的东西晒过后应扫净、拍打、拿回来，在原来的地方铺设。床的垫脚晒过后应擦拭、拿回来，在原来的位置放好。床晒过后应清理干净、拍打，小心翼翼地放低，不碰撞、不刮擦门槛地搬回来，在原来的地方铺设好。凳子晒过后应清理干净、拍打，小心翼翼地放低，不碰撞、不刮擦门槛地搬回来，在原来的地方铺设好。床褥和枕头晒过后应清理干净、拍打、拿回来，按各自的部分铺设好。坐垫和敷具晒过后应清理干净、拍打、拿回来，按各自的部分铺设好。痰盂晒过后应擦拭、拿回来，按各自的部分放好。靠板晒过后应擦拭、拿回来，按各自的部分放好。应存放钵和衣。存放钵时，应一只手拿钵，另一只手摸一下床下或凳下，再将钵放好。钵不应直接放在没有铺垫的地上。存放衣时，应一只手拿衣，另一只手摸一下晾衣竿或晾衣绳，将衣的远端搭在上面，近端折叠好，再放好。
‘‘Bhūmattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne paññapetabbaṃ. Mañcapaṭipādakā otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā. Mañco otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, atiharitvā yathāṭhāne paññapetabbo. Pīṭhaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, atiharitvā yathāṭhāne paññapetabbaṃ. Bhisibibbohanaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathābhāgaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathābhāgaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Kheḷamallako otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathābhāgaṃ ṭhapetabbo. Apassenaphalakaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathābhāgaṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ.
6“如果东方刮起了带尘的风，应关上东边的窗户。如果西方刮起了带尘的风，应关上西边的窗户。如果北方刮起了带尘的风，应关上北边的窗户。如果南方刮起了带尘的风，应关上南边的窗户。如果是在冷季，白天应打开窗户，晚上应关上。如果是在热季，白天应关上窗户，晚上应打开。
‘‘Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, pacchimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace uttarā sarajā vātā vāyanti, uttarā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā . Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṃ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṃ vivaritabbā.
7“如果中庭不干净，应清扫中庭。如果走廊不干净，应清扫走廊。如果集会堂不干净，应清扫集会堂。如果火堂不干净，应清扫火堂。如果厕所不干净，应清扫厕所。如果没有饮用水，应准备好饮用水。如果没有使用水，应准备好使用水。如果洗钵瓶里没有水，应往洗钵瓶里倒水。比丘们，这就是客比丘的义务，你们应当依此正确地履行。”
‘‘Sace pariveṇaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace upaṭṭhānasālā uklāpā hoti, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā. Sace aggisālā uklāpā hoti, aggisālā sammajjitabbā. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṃ na hoti, pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace paribhojanīyaṃ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, āgantukānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ yathā āgantukehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabba’’nti.
102. 住处比丘行仪论
2. Āvāsikavattakathā
358当时，住处比丘们看到客比丘后，既不准备座位，也不预备洗脚水、脚凳和擦脚石，也不起身迎接、接过钵和衣，也不询问是否需要饮用水，甚至不向年长的客比丘礼敬，也不安排住处。那些少欲的比丘们……对此不满、批评、指责道：“住处比丘们看到客比丘后，怎么能既不准备座位，也不预备洗脚水、脚凳和擦脚石，也不起身迎接、接过钵和衣，也不询问是否需要饮用水，甚至不向年长的客比丘礼敬，也不安排住处呢！”于是，那些比丘把这件事禀告了世尊……“比丘们，听说……这是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”……呵责后……作了法谈后，对比丘们说——
Tena kho pana samayena āvāsikā bhikkhū āgantuke bhikkhū disvā neva āsanaṃ paññapenti, na pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipanti, na paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggaṇhanti, na pānīyena pucchanti , na vuḍḍhatarepi āgantuke bhikkhū abhivādenti, na senāsanaṃ paññapenti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma āvāsikā bhikkhū āgantuke bhikkhū disvā neva āsanaṃ paññapessanti, na pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipissanti, na paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahissanti, na pānīyena pucchissanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āgantuke bhikkhū na abhivādessanti, na senāsanaṃ paññapessantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kiraṃ, bhikkhave…pe… saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
359“那么，比丘们，我要为常住比丘们制定行仪，说明常住比丘们应该如何正确地行持。比丘们，常住比丘见到年长的客比丘时，应当铺设座位，应当备好洗脚水、脚凳和擦脚石，应当上前迎接并接过他的钵和衣，应当用饮用水问候他。如果能够做到，应当替他擦拭鞋子。擦鞋时，应当先用干布擦，然后再用湿布擦。擦鞋布洗过之后，应当放在一边晾着。”
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, āvāsikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Āvāsikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā āgantukaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuḍḍhataraṃ disvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ , paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, pānīyena pucchitabbo . Sace ussahati, upāhanā puñchitabbā. Upāhanā puñchantena paṭhamaṃ sukkhena coḷakena puñchitabbā, pacchā allena. Upāhanāpuñchanacoḷakaṃ dhovitvā ekamantaṃ vissajjetabbaṃ.
10“如果客比丘是年长的，应当向他礼敬。应当为他指示住处，告诉他：‘这个住处归你用。’应当告诉他这是有人住过的，还是没人住过的。应当告诉他行乞的范围。应当告诉他不可行乞的范围。应当告诉他被认定为有学者的家庭。应当告诉他大便处。应当告诉他小便处。应当告诉他饮用水。应当告诉他日常用水。应当告诉他手杖。应当告诉他僧团的规约：‘这个时段可以进入，这个时段应当离开。’”
‘‘Āgantuko bhikkhu vuḍḍhataro abhivādetabbo. Senāsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ – ‘etaṃ te senāsanaṃ pāpuṇātī’ti. Ajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā ācikkhitabbaṃ. Gocaro ācikkhitabbo. Agocaro ācikkhitabbo. Sekkhasammatāni kulāni ācikkhitabbāni. Vaccaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Passāvaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Pānīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Paribhojanīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Kattaradaṇḍo ācikkhitabbo. Saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ – ‘imaṃ kālaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, imaṃ kālaṃ nikkhamitabba’nti .
11“如果客比丘是年少的，常住比丘即使坐着也应该指示他：‘把钵放在这里，把衣放在这里，坐这个座位。’应当告诉他饮用水。应当告诉他日常用水。应当告诉他擦鞋布。如果客比丘是年少的，应当让他向自己礼敬。应当为他指示住处，告诉他：‘这个住处归你用。’应当告诉他这是有人住过的，还是没人住过的。应当告诉他行乞的范围。应当告诉他不可行乞的范围。应当告诉他被认定为有学者的家庭。应当告诉他大便处。应当告诉他小便处。应当告诉他饮用水。应当告诉他日常用水。应当告诉他手杖。应当告诉他僧团的规约：‘这个时段可以进入，这个时段应当离开。’比丘们，以上就是常住比丘们的行仪，常住比丘们应当如此正确地行持。”
‘‘Sace navako hoti, nisinnakeneva ācikkhitabbaṃ – ‘atra pattaṃ nikkhipāhi, atra cīvaraṃ nikkhipāhi, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’ti. Pānīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Paribhojanīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Upāhanāpuñchanacoḷakaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Āgantuko bhikkhu navako abhivādāpetabbo. Senāsanaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ – ‘etaṃ te senāsanaṃ pāpuṇātī’ti. Ajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ vā ācikkhitabbaṃ. Gocaro ācikkhitabbo. Agocaro ācikkhitabbo. Sekkhasammatāni kulāni ācikkhitabbāni. Vaccaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Passāvaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Pānīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Paribhojanīyaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ. Kattaradaṇḍo ācikkhitabbo. Saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ – ‘imaṃ kālaṃ pavisitabbaṃ, imaṃ kālaṃ nikkhamitabba’nti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave , āvāsikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ yathā āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabba’’nti.
153. 行路比丘行仪论
3. Gamikavattakathā
360就在那个时候，行路的比丘们不把木制器具和陶制器具收拾好，不关门关窗，不告知住处就离开了。结果木制器具和陶制器具丟失了，住处也无人看护。那些少欲的比丘们……就埋怨、批评、指责说：“行路的比丘们怎么能不把木制器具和陶制器具收拾好，不关门关窗，不告知住处就离开了呢？结果木制器具和陶制器具都丟失了，住处也无人看护。”于是，那些比丘们就把这件事禀告了世尊……“比丘们，听说这是真的吗？……”“这是真的，世尊。”……世尊呵责之后……做了开示，然后对比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena gamikā bhikkhū dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ appaṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ vivaritvā senāsanaṃ anāpucchā pakkamanti. Dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ nassati. Senāsanaṃ aguttaṃ hoti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma gamikā bhikkhū dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ appaṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ vivaritvā senāsanaṃ anāpucchā pakkamissanti! Dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ nassati. Senāsanaṃ aguttaṃ hotī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
361“那么，比丘们，我要为行路的比丘们制定行仪，说明行路的比丘们应该如何正确地行持。比丘们，行路的比丘应当把木制器具和陶制器具收拾好，关好门窗，告知住处之后再离开。如果没有比丘，应当向沙马内拉告知。如果没有沙马内拉，应当向园民告知。如果没有园民，应当向近事男告知。如果比丘、沙马内拉、园民、近事男都没有，那么应该在四块石头上架好床，把床叠在床上面，把椅子叠在椅子上面，把卧具在上方堆成垛，把木制器具和陶制器具收拾好，关好门窗之后再离开。如果住处漏雨，如果能做到，应当盖上屋顶，或者应当设法促成：‘怎样才能让这住处盖上屋顶呢？’如果这样办成了，那当然很好。如果办不到，那么在不下雨的地方，在四块石头上架好床，把床叠在床上面，把椅子叠在椅子上面，把卧具在上方堆成垛，把木制器具和陶制器具收拾好，关好门窗之后再离开。如果整个住处都漏雨，如果能做到，应当把卧具搬运到村子里去，或者应当设法促成：‘怎样才能把这些卧具搬运到村子里去呢？’如果这样办成了，那当然很好。如果办不到，那么在露天处，在四块石头上架好床，把床叠在床上面，把椅子叠在椅子上面，把卧具在上方堆成垛，把木制器具和陶制器具收拾好，用草或者树叶覆盖好之后再离开，心想：‘或许至少那些部件还能保存下来。’比丘们，以上就是行路比丘们的行仪，行路的比丘们应当如此正确地行持。”
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, gamikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā gamikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Gamikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ thaketvā senāsanaṃ āpucchā pakkamitabbaṃ . Sace bhikkhu na hoti, sāmaṇero āpucchitabbo. Sace sāmaṇero na hoti, ārāmiko āpucchitabbo. Sace ārāmiko na hoti, upāsako āpucchitabbo. Sace na hoti bhikkhu vā sāmaṇero vā ārāmiko vā upāsako vā, catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṃ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṃ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṃ āropetvā senāsanaṃ upari puñjaṃ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace vihāro ovassati, sace ussahati, chādetabbo, ussukaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – ‘kinti nu kho vihāro chādiyethā’ti. Evañcetaṃ labhetha, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce labhetha, yo deso anovassako hoti, tattha catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṃ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṃ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṃ āropetvā senāsanaṃ upari puñjaṃ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace sabbo vihāro ovassati, sace ussahati, senāsanaṃ gāmaṃ atiharitabbaṃ, ussukaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – ‘kinti nu kho senāsanaṃ gāmaṃ atihariyethā’ti. Evañcetaṃ labhetha, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce labhetha, ajjhokāse catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṃ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṃ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṃ āropetvā senāsanaṃ upari puñjaṃ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā tiṇena vā paṇṇena vā paṭicchādetvā pakkamitabbaṃ – appeva nāma aṅgānipi seseyyunti. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, gamikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ yathā gamikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabba’’nti.
184. 随喜行仪论
4. Anumodanavattakathā
362就在那个时候，比丘们在食堂用完餐后不做随喜回向。在家人们埋怨、批评、指责说：“沙门释迦子们怎么能在食堂用完餐后不做随喜回向呢！”比丘们听到了那些在家人的埋怨、批评和指责。于是，那些比丘们就把这件事禀告了世尊。于是，世尊以这个因缘、以这个事情做了开示，然后对比丘们说：“比丘们，我允许在食堂用餐后做随喜回向。”接着，那些比丘们心里想：“应该由谁在食堂做随喜回向呢？”他们把这件事禀告了世尊。于是，世尊以这个因缘、以这个事情做了开示，然后对比丘们说：“比丘们，我允许由长老比丘在食堂做随喜回向。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū bhattagge na anumodanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā bhattagge na anumodissantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattagge anumoditu’’nti. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kena nu kho bhattagge anumoditabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, therena bhikkhunā bhattagge anumoditu’’nti.
15就在那个时候，有一个团体举办了供僧的饮食。舍利弗尊者是僧团长老。比丘们心想：‘世尊已经开许由长老比丘在食堂做随喜回向。’于是，他们把舍利弗尊者一个人留在那里，自己都走了。于是，舍利弗尊者跟那些人打完招呼、说过话之后，最后一个人独自走了。世尊远远地看见舍利弗尊者一个人走过来。看见之后，世尊对舍利弗尊者说：“舍利弗，饮食还丰足吗？”“世尊，饮食是丰足的，可是比丘们把我一个人丢下就走了。”于是，世尊以这个因缘、以这个事情做了开示，然后对比丘们说：“比丘们，我允许在食堂由四位或五位老少适当的比丘留下来等候。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa pūgassa saṅghabhattaṃ hoti . Āyasmā sāriputto saṅghatthero hoti. Bhikkhū – ‘bhagavatā anuññātaṃ therena bhikkhunā bhattagge anumoditu’nti – āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ ekakaṃ ohāya pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto te manusse paṭisammoditvā pacchā ekako agamāsi. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ dūratova ekakaṃ āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci, sāriputta, bhattaṃ iddhaṃ ahosī’’ti? ‘‘Iddhaṃ kho, bhante, bhattaṃ ahosi; apica maṃ bhikkhū ekakaṃ ohāya pakkantā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattagge catūhi pañcahi therānutherehi bhikkhūhi āgametu’’nti.
16就在那个时候，有一位长老在食堂里忍着大便等候。他实在憋不住大便，晕倒在地。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“比丘们，如果有急需，我允许向挨着坐的比丘打个招呼之后再离开。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro thero bhattagge vaccito āgamesi. So vaccaṃ sandhāretuṃ asakkonto mucchito papati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sati karaṇīye ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ āpucchitvā gantu’’nti.
225. 食堂行仪论
5. Bhattaggavattakathā
363那时，六群比丘衣服穿得乱七八糟，袈裟披得歪歪扭扭，威仪不整地前往食堂；他们还越过长老比丘们，抢在长老们前面走；在长老比丘们中间挤着坐下；还阻拦新比丘们，不给他们座位；在俗家人家里把僧伽梨衣铺开来坐。那些少欲的比丘们……批评、指责、抱怨说：“六群比丘怎么能衣服穿得乱七八糟，袈裟披得歪歪扭扭，威仪不整地去食堂呢？怎么能越过长老比丘们，抢在长老们前面走呢？怎么能在长老比丘们中间挤着坐下呢？怎么能阻拦新比丘们不给他们座位呢？怎么能在俗家人家里把僧伽梨衣铺开来坐呢！”于是，那些比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊……世尊说：“比丘们，听说六群比丘真的衣服穿得乱七八糟，袈裟披得歪歪扭扭，威仪不整地去食堂；越过长老比丘们，抢在长老们前面走；在长老比丘们中间挤着坐下；阻拦新比丘们不给他们座位；在俗家人家里把僧伽梨衣铺开来坐，这是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”……世尊呵责了他们……讲了法义之后，对比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā bhattaggaṃ gacchanti, vokkammapi therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ purato purato gacchanti, therepi bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīdanti , navepi bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhanti, saṅghāṭimpi ottharitvā antaraghare nisīdanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā bhattaggaṃ gacchissanti, vokkammapi therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ purato purato gacchissanti, therepi bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīdissanti, navepi bhikkhū āsanenapi paṭibāhissanti, saṅghāṭimpi ottharitvā antaraghare nisīdissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā bhattaggaṃ gacchanti, vokkammapi therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ purato purato gacchanti, therepi bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīdanti, navepi bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhanti, saṅghāṭimpi ottharitvā antaraghare nisīdantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
364“那么，比丘们，我来为比丘们制定食堂行仪，比丘们在食堂里应当这样如法地做。如果在寺院里已经报过时了，比丘就要把下裙穿得周正，遮住三个圆环的部位，系好腰带，裹好僧伽梨衣，系好纽结，洗好钵拿着，妥当地、不急不忙地进入村子。
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ bhattaggavattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi bhattagge sammā vattitabbaṃ. Sace ārāme kālo ārocito hoti, timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo.
19“不应该越过长老比丘们，抢在长老们前面走。在俗家人家里走的时候，应当好好地遮蔽身体。在俗家人家里走的时候，应当好好地收摄诸根。在俗家人家里走的时候，应当低垂眼目。在俗家人家里走的时候，不应该把衣服掀起来。在俗家人家里走的时候，不应该嘻嘻哈哈地笑。在俗家人家里走的时候，应该轻声。在俗家人家里走的时候，不应该摇晃身体。在俗家人家里走的时候，不应该甩动手臂。在俗家人家里走的时候，不应该摇晃脑袋。在俗家人家里走的时候，不应该叉着腰。在俗家人家里走的时候，不应该包着头。在俗家人家里走的时候，不应该踮着脚走。
‘‘Na vokkamma therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ purato purato gantabbaṃ. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Susaṃvutena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na kāyappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ . Na bāhuppacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ.
20“在俗家人家里坐的时候，应当好好地遮蔽身体。在俗家人家里坐的时候，应当好好地收摄诸根。在俗家人家里坐的时候，应当低垂眼目。在俗家人家里坐的时候，不应该把衣服掀起来。在俗家人家里坐的时候，不应该嘻嘻哈哈地笑。在俗家人家里坐的时候，应该轻声。在俗家人家里坐的时候，不应该摇晃身体。在俗家人家里坐的时候，不应该甩动手臂。在俗家人家里坐的时候，不应该摇晃脑袋。在俗家人家里坐的时候，不应该叉着腰。在俗家人家里坐的时候，不应该包着头。在俗家人家里坐的时候，不应该抱着膝盖坐。不应该在长老比丘们中间挤着坐。不应该阻拦新比丘们，不给他们座位。不应该在俗家人家里把僧伽梨衣铺开来坐。
‘‘Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Susaṃvutena antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ na ujjagghikāya antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ, appasaddena antaraghare nisīditabba. Na kāyappacālakaṃ antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Na bāhuppacālakaṃ antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Na pallatthikāya antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Na saṅghāṭiṃ ottharitvā antaraghare nisīditabbaṃ.
21“别人给水的时候，应当用双手接住钵，把水接过来。要把钵放低，妥当地、不碰撞地洗钵。如果有接水的人，应当把钵放低，把水倒进接水的容器里——不要把水溅到接水的人身上，不要把水溅到旁边的比丘们身上，不要把水溅到僧伽梨衣上。如果没有接水的人，应当把钵放低，把水倒在地上——不要把水溅到旁边的比丘们身上，不要把水溅到僧伽梨衣上。
‘‘Udake diyyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā udakaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena patto dhovitabbo. Sace udakappaṭiggāhako hoti, nīcaṃ katvā udakappaṭiggahe udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ – mā udakappaṭiggāhako udakena osiñci , mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṃsu , mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcīti. Sace udakappaṭiggāhako na hoti, nīcaṃ katvā chamāya udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ – mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṃsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcīti.
22“别人给饭的时候，应当用双手接住钵，把饭接过来，要给菜留出位置。如果有酥油、油或者上等副食，长老应该这样说：‘平均地分给大家。’应当以恭敬的态度接受钵食。接受钵食的时候应当把心放在钵上。接受钵食的时候菜和饭的比例要均匀。接受钵食的时候分量要和钵的边缘齐平。
‘‘Odane diyyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā odano paṭiggahetabbo, sūpassa okāso kātabbo. Sace hoti sappi vā telaṃ vā uttaribhaṅgaṃ vā, therena vattabbo – ‘sabbesaṃ samakaṃ sampādehī’ti. Sakkaccaṃ piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo. Pattasaññinā piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo. Samasūpako piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo. Samatittiko piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo.
23“在所有比丘的饭都分到之前，长老不应该先吃。应当以恭敬的态度吃钵食。吃钵食的时候应当把心放在钵上。应当次第而食。菜和饭的比例要均匀。不应该从顶部往下捣压着吃钵食。不应该出于还想多要的动机，用饭把菜或者副菜盖住。没有生病的时候，不应该为了自己要求菜或者饭来吃。不应该怀着挑剔的心去看别人的钵。不应该做太大的饭团。饭团应当做得圆。在饭团还没送到嘴边的时候，不应该把嘴张开。在吃饭的时候，不应该把整只手塞进嘴里。不应该嘴里有饭团的时候说话。不应该把饭团抛起来吃。不应该把饭团咬断来吃。不应该塞得腮帮子鼓起来吃。不应该甩着手吃。不应该把饭粒弄得四处散落。不应该把舌头伸出来吃。不应该吧唧吧唧地嚼着吃。不应该咕噜咕噜地喝着吃。不应该舔手。不应该舔钵。不应该舔嘴唇。
‘‘Na tāva therena bhuñjitabbaṃ yāva na sabbesaṃ odano sampatto hoti. Sakkaccaṃ piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo. Pattasaññinā piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo. Sapadānaṃ piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo. Samasūpako piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo . Na thūpakato omadditvā piṇḍipāto bhuñjitabbo. Na sūpaṃ vā byañjanaṃ vā odanena paṭicchādetabbaṃ bhiyyokamyataṃ upādāya. Na sūpaṃ vā odanaṃ vā agilānena attano atthāya viññāpetvā bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na ujjhānasaññinā paresaṃ patto oloketabbo. Nātimahanto kabaḷo kātabbo. Parimaṇḍalo ālopo kātabbo. Na anāhaṭe kabaḷe mukhadvāraṃ vivaritabbaṃ. Na bhuñjamānena sabbo hattho mukhe pakkhipitabbo. Na sakabaḷena mukhena byāharitabbaṃ. Na piṇḍukkhepakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na kabaḷāvacchedakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na avagaṇḍakārakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na hatthaniddhunakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na sitthāvakārakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na jivhānicchārakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na capucapukārakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na surusurukārakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na hatthanillehakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na pattanillehakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ. Na oṭṭhanillehakaṃ bhuñjitabbaṃ.
24“不应该用沾有食物的手接饮水壶。在所有比丘都吃完之前，长老不应该先接水。别人给水的时候，应当用双手接住钵，把水接过来。要把钵放低，妥当地、不碰撞地洗钵。如果有接水的人，应当把钵放低，把水倒进接水的容器里——不要把水溅到接水的人身上，不要把水溅到旁边的比丘们身上，不要把水溅到僧伽梨衣上。如果没有接水的人，应当把钵放低，把水倒在地上——不要把水溅到旁边的比丘们身上，不要把水溅到僧伽梨衣上。不应该把带有饭粒的洗钵水倒在俗家人家里。”
‘‘Na sāmisena hatthena pānīyathālako paṭiggahetabbo. Na tāva therena udakaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ yāva na sabbeva bhuttāvino honti. Udake diyyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā udakaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena patto dhovitabbo. Sace udakappaṭiggāhako hoti, nīcaṃ katvā udakappaṭiggahe udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ – mā udakappaṭiggāhako udakena osiñci, mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṃsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcīti. Sace udakappaṭiggāhako na hoti, nīcaṃ katvā chamāya udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ – mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṃsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcīti. Na sasitthakaṃ pattadhovanaṃ antaraghare chaḍḍetabbaṃ.
25返回时，新比丘们应当先返回。之后，长老们应当以妥善遮蔽的方式在村落间行走，以善加防护的方式在村落间行走，以低垂眼目的方式在村落间行走。不应该高抬身体在村落间行走，不应该嬉笑在村落间行走，不应该大声在村落间行走，不应该摇晃身体在村落间行走，不应该摆动手臂在村落间行走，不应该晃动头部在村落间行走，不应该叉腰在村落间行走，不应该裹头在村落间行走，不应该蹲着在村落间行走。比丘们，这就是比丘们的食堂义务，比丘们应依照它正确地奉行。
‘‘Nivattantena navakehi bhikkhūhi paṭhamataraṃ nivattitabbaṃ. Pacchā therehi suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Susaṃvutena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na kāyappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na bāhuppacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ . Na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ bhattaggavattaṃ yathā bhikkhūhi bhattagge sammā vattitabba’’nti.
32第一诵品完
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
336. 乞食比丘行仪论
6. Piṇḍacārikavattakathā
365那时，托钵的比丘们穿着下衣不正、披衣不整、不具足威仪地去乞食。他们不留心就进入人家，不留心就出来，过分匆忙地进去，过分匆忙地出来，站得太远，站得太近，站得太久，也回转得太快。有一位托钵比丘，不留心就走进一户人家。他以为那是房门，却走进了一间内室。那间内室里有一个女人赤裸仰卧着。那位比丘看见了那个赤裸仰卧的女人，看到后心想：‘这不是房门，这是内室！’便从那个内室退了出来。那个女人的丈夫看见了那个赤裸仰卧的女人，看到后心想：‘这个比丘玷污了我的妻子！’于是抓住那位比丘殴打。这时，那个女人因这声音而醒来，对那个男人说：‘夫君，你为什么殴打这位比丘？’‘你被这个比丘玷污了！’‘夫君，我没有被这个比丘玷污，这位比丘什么都没做。’于是她使那位比丘获得释放。之后，那位比丘回到寺院，把这件事告诉了比丘们。那些少欲知足的比丘们……不满、批评、指责道：‘怎么可以这样！托钵的比丘们竟然穿着下衣不正、披衣不整、不具足威仪地去乞食，不留心就进入人家，不留心就出来，过分匆忙地进去，过分匆忙地出来，站得太远，站得太近，站得太久，也回转得太快！’于是，那些比丘把这件事报告了世尊。……‘比丘们，这是真的吗？’……‘是真的，世尊。’……呵责之后……作了法谈后，世尊对比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena piṇḍacārikā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā piṇḍāya caranti, asallakkhetvāpi nivesanaṃ pavisanti, asallakkhetvāpi nikkhamanti, atisahasāpi pavisanti, atisahasāpi nikkhamanti, atidūrepi tiṭṭhanti, accāsannepi tiṭṭhanti, aticirampi tiṭṭhanti, atilahumpi nivattanti. Aññataropi piṇḍacāriko bhikkhu asallakkhetvā nivesanaṃ pāvisi. So ca dvāraṃ maññamāno aññataraṃ ovarakaṃ pāvisi. Tasmimpi ovarake itthī naggā uttānā nipannā hoti. Addasā kho so bhikkhu taṃ itthiṃ naggaṃ uttānaṃ nipannaṃ. Disvāna – ‘‘nayidaṃ dvāraṃ, ovarakaṃ ida’’nti tamhā ovarakā nikkhami. Addasā kho tassā itthiyā sāmiko taṃ itthiṃ naggaṃ uttānaṃ nipannaṃ. Disvāna – ‘‘iminā me bhikkhunā pajāpatī dūsitā’’ti taṃ bhikkhuṃ gahetvā ākoṭesi. Atha kho sā itthī tena saddena paṭibujjhitvā taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayya, imaṃ bhikkhuṃ ākoṭesī’’ti? ‘‘Imināsi tvaṃ bhikkhunā dūsitā’’ti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ, ayya, iminā bhikkhunā dūsitā; akārako so bhikkhū’’ti taṃ bhikkhuṃ muñcāpesi. Atha kho so bhikkhu ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma piṇḍacārikā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā piṇḍāya carissanti, asallakkhetvāpi nivesanaṃ pavisissanti, asallakkhetvāpi nikkhamissanti, atisahasāpi pavisissanti, atisahasāpi nikkhamissanti, atidūrepi tiṭṭhissanti, accāsannepi tiṭṭhissanti, aticirampi tiṭṭhissanti, atilahumpi nivattissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
366‘那么，比丘们，我将为托钵的比丘们制定行仪，使托钵比丘们依之正确地奉行。比丘们，托钵比丘应当这样想：“现在我要进入村庄了。”然后，将下衣穿着齐整，遮盖好三个圆圈处，系好腰带，将腰带折成双股，披好僧伽梨衣，系好纽结，把钵洗干净拿好，安详、不匆忙地进入村庄。’
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, piṇḍacārikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ paññāpessāmi yathā piṇḍacārikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Piṇḍacārikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā – ‘idāni gāmaṃ pavisissāmī’ti timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo.
28‘应当以妥善遮蔽的方式在村落间行走，以善加防护的方式在村落间行走，以低垂眼目的方式在村落间行走。不应该高抬身体在村落间行走，不应该嬉笑在村落间行走，不应该大声在村落间行走，不应该摇晃身体在村落间行走，不应该摆动手臂在村落间行走，不应该晃动头部在村落间行走，不应该叉腰在村落间行走，不应该裹头在村落间行走，不应该蹲着在村落间行走。’
‘‘Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṃ . Susaṃvutena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na kāyappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na bāhuppacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ.
29‘进入人家时，应当留心：“我将从这里进去，将从这里出来。”不应该过分匆忙地进去，不应该过分匆忙地出来。不应该站得太远，不应该站得太近。不应该站得太久，不应该回转得太快。站立时应当留意：“这家人是想给食物，还是不想给？”如果对方放下工作，或从座位起身，或拿起汤匙，或拿起器皿，或停在那里，这就表示想给，应当站住。当食物被给予时，用左手将僧伽梨衣提起，用右手把钵递过去，再用双手接住钵，接受食物。不应该盯着施食者的脸看。应当留意：“她想给菜肴，还是不想给？”如果她拿起汤匙，或拿起器皿，或停在那里，这就表示想给，应当站住。食物接受完毕后，用僧伽梨衣盖好钵，安详、不匆忙地返回。’
‘‘Nivesanaṃ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṃ – ‘iminā pavisissāmi, iminā nikkhamissāmī’ti. Nātisahasā pavisitabbaṃ. Nātisahasā nikkhamitabbaṃ. Nātidūre ṭhātabbaṃ. Nāccāsanne ṭhātabbaṃ. Nāticiraṃ ṭhātabbaṃ. Nātilahuṃ nivattitabbaṃ. Ṭhitakena sallakkhetabbaṃ – ‘bhikkhaṃ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’ti. Sace kammaṃ vā nikkhipati, āsanā vā vuṭṭhāti, kaṭacchuṃ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṃ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā – dātukāmassāti ṭhātabbaṃ. Bhikkhāya diyyamānāya vāmena hatthena saṅghāṭiṃ uccāretvā dakkhiṇena hatthena pattaṃ paṇāmetvā ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā bhikkhā paṭiggahetabbā. Na ca bhikkhādāyikāya mukhaṃ ulloketabbaṃ . Sallakkhetabbaṃ – ‘sūpaṃ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’ti. Sace kaṭacchuṃ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṃ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā – dātukāmassāti ṭhātabbaṃ. Bhikkhāya dinnāya saṅghāṭiyā pattaṃ paṭicchādetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena nivattitabbaṃ.
30‘应当以妥善遮蔽的方式在村落间行走，以善加防护的方式在村落间行走，以低垂眼目的方式在村落间行走。不应该高抬身体在村落间行走，不应该嬉笑在村落间行走，不应该大声在村落间行走，不应该摇晃身体在村落间行走，不应该摆动手臂在村落间行走，不应该晃动头部在村落间行走，不应该叉腰在村落间行走，不应该裹头在村落间行走，不应该蹲着在村落间行走。最先从村庄托钵回来的人，应当铺设座位，准备好洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚板，把用来倒残渣的盆洗干净放好，准备好饮用水和用水。最后从村庄托钵回来的人，如果有吃剩的食物，他想吃就可以吃；如果不想吃，应当倒在无草的地方，或倒入没有小生物的水里。那人应当收起座位，收好洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚板，把用来倒残渣的盆洗干净收好，收好饮用水和用水，把食堂打扫干净。如果有人看到饮用水罐、用水罐或厕所水罐是空的、没水了，就应当将它装满。如果他一个人办不到，可以用手势招呼第二个人，齐心合力把它装满，但不可因此事而引发争吵。比丘们，这就是托钵比丘们的行仪，托钵比丘们应依之正确地奉行。’
‘‘Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Susaṃvutena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na kāyappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na bāhuppacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na sīsappacālakaṃ antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Yo paṭhamaṃ gāmato piṇḍāya paṭikkamati, tena āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, avakkārapāti dhovitvā upaṭṭhāpetabbā, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Yo pacchā gāmato piṇḍāya paṭikkamati, sace hoti bhuttāvaseso, sace ākaṅkhati, bhuñjitabbaṃ . No ce ākaṅkhati, appaharite vā chaḍḍetabbaṃ, appāṇake vā udake opilāpetabbaṃ. Tena āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ, avakkārapāti dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbā, pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ , bhattaggaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Yo passati pānīyaghaṭaṃ vā paribhojanīyaghaṭaṃ vā vaccaghaṭaṃ vā rittaṃ tucchaṃ tena upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sacassa hoti avisayhaṃ, hatthavikārena dutiyaṃ āmantetvā hatthavilaṅghakena upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ, na ca tappaccayā vācā bhinditabbā. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, piṇḍacārikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ yathā piṇḍacārikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabba’’nti.
397. 阿兰若比丘行仪论
7. Āraññikavattakathā
367那时，众多比丘住在阿兰若。他们既不准备饮用水，也不准备用水，不准备火，不准备取火木，也不知道星宿，不知道方位。盗贼们去到那里，对比丘们说：‘圣尊，有饮用水吗？’‘朋友，没有。’‘圣尊，有用水吗？’‘朋友，没有。’‘圣尊，有火吗？’‘朋友，没有。’‘圣尊，有取火木吗？’‘朋友，没有。’‘圣尊，今天是什么星宿相合？’‘朋友，我们不知道。’‘圣尊，这是哪个方向？’‘朋友，我们不知道。’于是，那些盗贼心想：‘这些人既没有饮用水，也没有用水，没有火，没有取火木，不知道星宿，也不认识方位，他们是盗贼，不是比丘！’于是殴打他们后离去。之后，那些比丘把这件事告诉了比丘们。比丘们报告了世尊。于是，世尊依此因缘、此事作了一场法谈后，对比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū araññe viharanti. Te neva pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpenti, na paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpenti , na aggiṃ upaṭṭhāpenti, na araṇisahitaṃ upaṭṭhāpenti, na nakkhattapadāni jānanti, na disābhāgaṃ jānanti. Corā tattha gantvā te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘atthi, bhante, pānīya’’nti? ‘‘Natthāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Atthi, bhante, paribhojanīya’’nti? ‘‘Natthāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Atthi, bhante, aggī’’ti? ‘‘Natthāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Atthi, bhante, araṇisahita’’nti? ‘‘Natthāvuso’’ti. ( ) ‘‘Kenajja, bhante, yutta’’nti? ‘‘Na kho mayaṃ, āvuso, jānāmā’’ti. ‘‘Katamāyaṃ, bhante, disā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho mayaṃ, āvuso, jānāmā’’ti. Atha kho te corā – ‘nevimesaṃ pānīyaṃ atthi, na paribhojanīyaṃ atthi, na aggi atthi, na araṇisahitaṃ atthi, na nakkhattapadāni jānanti, na disābhāgaṃ jānanti; corā ime, nayime bhikkhū’ti – ākoṭetvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
368‘那么，比丘们，我将为阿兰若住的比丘们制定行仪，使阿兰若住的比丘们依之正确地奉行。比丘们，阿兰若住的比丘应当在清早起床，把钵放进钵袋，挂在肩上，把衣搭在肩上，穿上鞋，收好木制用具和陶制用具，关好门窗，从住处下来——默念：“现在我要进入村庄了。”然后，脱下鞋，放低，拍去灰尘，放进钵袋，挂在肩上。将下衣穿着齐整，遮盖好三个圆圈处，系好腰带，将腰带折成双股，披好僧伽梨衣，系好纽结，把钵洗干净拿好，安详、不匆忙地进入村庄。应当以妥善遮蔽的方式在村落间行走……不应当叉腰在村落间行走，不应当裹头在村落间行走，不应当蹲着在村落间行走。’
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, āraññikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā āraññikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Āraññikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā kālasseva uṭṭhāya pattaṃ thavikāya pakkhipitvā aṃse ālaggetvā cīvaraṃ khandhe karitvā upāhanā ārohitvā dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṃ thaketvā senāsanā otaritabbaṃ – idāni gāmaṃ pavisissāmīti. Upāhanā omuñcitvā nīcaṃ katvā papphoṭetvā thavikāya pakkhipitvā aṃse ālaggetvā timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṃ…pe… na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ.
33进入住处时，应当留意：‘我将从这里进去，将从这里出来。’不应过于匆忙地进去，不应过于匆忙地出来。不应站得太远，不应站得太近，不应站得太久，不应太快转身。站着的时候应当留意：‘施主是想给食物，还是不想给？’如果施主停下工作、从座位起身、摸勺子、摸容器，或者把东西放在那里——这说明他想给食物，这时应当站着等待。当食物被给予时，应当用左手提起僧伽梨衣，用右手把钵递出去，用双手接住钵来接受食物。接受食物时，不应盯着施食者的脸看。应当留意：‘是想给菜，还是不想给？’如果施主摸勺子、摸容器，或者把东西放在那里——这说明他想给菜，这时应当站着等待。食物给完之后，用僧伽梨衣盖好钵，好好地、不急不忙地转身离开。
‘‘Nivesanaṃ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṃ – ‘iminā pavisissāmi, iminā nikkhamissāmī’ti. Nātisahasā pavisitabbaṃ. Nātisahasā nikkhamitabbaṃ. Nātidūre ṭhātabbaṃ. Nāccāsanne ṭhātabbaṃ. Nāticiraṃ ṭhātabbaṃ. Nātilahuṃ nivattitabbaṃ. Ṭhitakena sallakkhetabbaṃ – ‘bhikkhaṃ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’ti. Sace kammaṃ vā nikkhipati, āsanā vā vuṭṭhāti, kaṭacchuṃ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṃ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā – dātukāmassāti ṭhātabbaṃ. Bhikkhāya diyyamānāya vāmena hatthena saṅghāṭiṃ uccāretvā dakkhiṇena hatthena pattaṃ paṇāmetvā ubhohi hatthehi pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā bhikkhā paṭiggahetabbā. Na ca bhikkhādāyikāya mukhaṃ ulloketabbaṃ. Sallakkhetabbaṃ – ‘sūpaṃ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’ti. Sace kaṭacchu vā parāmasati, bhājanaṃ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā – dātukāmassāti ṭhātabbaṃ. Bhikkhāya dinnāya saṅghāṭiyā pattaṃ paṭicchādetvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena nivattitabbaṃ.
34在村落之间行走时，应当好好地遮蔽身体……（中略）……不应蹲着在村落之间行走。出村之后，应当把钵放进钵套里，挂在肩上，把衣叠好顶在头上，穿上鞋子再走。
‘‘Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṃ…pe… na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṃ. Gāmato nikkhamitvā pattaṃ thavikāya pakkhipitvā aṃse ālaggetvā cīvaraṃ saṅgharitvā sīse karitvā upāhanā ārohitvā gantabbaṃ.
35比丘们，住在阿兰若的比丘应当准备好饮用水，应当准备好用水，应当准备好火，应当准备好钻火具，应当准备好棍杖，应当学习星宿——全部的或一部分，应当善于辨别方向。比丘们，这就是阿兰若比丘的义务，阿兰若比丘应当好好地履行这些义务。
‘‘Āraññikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ, paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ, aggi upaṭṭhāpetabbo, araṇisahitaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ, kattaradaṇḍo upaṭṭhāpetabbo, nakkhattapadāni uggahetabbāni – sakalāni vā ekadesāni vā, disākusalena bhavitabbaṃ. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, āraññikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattaṃ yathā āraññikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabba’’nti.
458. 住所行仪论
8. Senāsanavattakathā
369那时，有众多比丘在露天处做衣的工作。六群比丘在上风处的院子里拍打坐卧具，灰尘洒了比丘们一身。那些少欲知足的比丘们……（中略）……纷纷讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘六群比丘怎么能在上风处的院子里拍打坐卧具呢！灰尘都洒到比丘们身上了。’于是，那些比丘把这件事报告了世尊……（中略）……‘比丘们，听说六群比丘真的在上风处的院子里拍打坐卧具，灰尘洒了比丘们一身，这是真的吗？’‘是真的，世尊。’……（中略）……世尊呵责之后……（中略）……说法之后，对比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū ajjhokāse cīvarakammaṃ karonti. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṃ papphoṭesuṃ. Bhikkhū rajena okiriṃsu. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṃ papphoṭessanti! Bhikkhū rajena okiriṃsū’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṃ papphoṭenti, bhikkhū rajena okiriṃsū’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
370‘那么，比丘们，我要为比丘们制定关于坐卧具的义务，比丘们应当按照这个义务好好地奉行。在自己所住的精舍里，如果那个精舍脏了，愿做的话，应当清洁。清洁精舍时，首先应当把钵和衣搬出去，放在一边；应当把坐垫和敷布搬出去，放在一边；应当把床垫和枕头搬出去，放在一边；应当把床放低，好好地、不碰刮、不撞击门框地搬出去，放在一边；应当把椅子放低，好好地、不碰刮、不撞击门框地搬出去，放在一边；应当把床脚搬出去，放在一边；应当把痰盂搬出去，放在一边；应当把靠板搬出去，放在一边；应当记住地上铺设物的原样，搬出去放在一边。如果精舍里有蜘蛛网，应当先把天花板上的清理掉，门窗的边角处应当擦拭。如果用黄赭色涂过的墙壁变脏了，应当把布打湿拧干后擦拭。如果用黑色涂过的地面变脏了，应当把布打湿拧干后擦拭。如果地面没有涂过色，应当洒水后扫净，这样灰尘就不会扬起弄脏精舍。应当把垃圾捡出来，扔到一边去。'
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ senāsanavattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi senāsane sammā vattitabbaṃ. Yasmiṃ vihāre viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṃ sodhentena paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; bhisibibbohanaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; mañco nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo; pīṭhaṃ nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbā; kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo; apassenaphalakaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; bhummattharaṇaṃ yathāpaññattaṃ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace vihāre santānakaṃ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāretabbaṃ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā pariphositvā sammajjitabbā – mā vihāro rajena uhaññīti. Saṅkāraṃ vicinitvā ekamantaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ.
38‘不应在靠近比丘的地方拍打坐卧具。不应在靠近精舍的地方拍打坐卧具。不应在靠近饮用水的地方拍打坐卧具。不应在靠近用水的地方拍打坐卧具。不应在上风处的院子里拍打坐卧具。应当在下风处拍打坐卧具。'
‘‘Na bhikkhusāmantā senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ. Na vihārasāmantā senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ. Na pānīyasāmantā senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ. Na paribhojanīyasāmantā senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ. Na paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ. Adhovāte senāsanaṃ papphoṭetabbaṃ.
39‘地上铺设物应当放在一边晒、清洁、拍打之后，搬进去按原样铺设。床脚应当放在一边晒、擦拭之后，搬进去放在原来的位置上。床应当放在一边晒、清洁、拍打之后，放低，好好地、不碰刮、不撞击门框地搬进去，按原样铺好。椅子应当放在一边晒、清洁、拍打之后，放低，好好地、不碰刮、不撞击门框地搬进去，按原样铺好。床垫和枕头应当放在一边晒、清洁、拍打之后，搬进去按原样铺好。坐垫和敷布应当放在一边晒、清洁、拍打之后，搬进去按原样铺好。痰盂应当放在一边晒、擦拭之后，搬进去放在原来的位置上。靠板应当放在一边晒、擦拭之后，搬进去放在原来的位置上。钵和衣应当收好。放钵时，应当一只手拿着钵，另一只手摸一下床底或椅底，再把钵放好。钵不应放在没有垫东西的地面上。放衣时，应当一只手拿着衣，另一只手把晾衣竿或晾衣绳擦干净，把衣的外缘折在里面、内缘折在外面，再放好。'
‘‘Bhummattharaṇaṃ ekamantaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Mañcapaṭipādakā ekamantaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā. Mañco ekamantaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbo. Pīṭhaṃ ekamantaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Bhisibibbohanaṃ ekamantaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ ekamantaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Kheḷamallako ekamantaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbo. Apassenaphalakaṃ ekamantaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṃ. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajju vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ.
40‘如果东边刮起带灰尘的风，应当把东边的窗关上。如果西边刮起带灰尘的风，应当把西边的窗关上。如果北边刮起带灰尘的风，应当把北边的窗关上。如果南边刮起带灰尘的风，应当把南边的窗关上。如果是冷天，白天应当把窗打开，晚上应当把窗关上。如果是热天，白天应当把窗关上，晚上应当把窗打开。'
‘‘Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, pacchimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace uttarā sarajā vātā vāyanti uttarā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṃ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṃ vivaritabbā.
41如果住处脏了，就要打扫住处。如果门廊脏了，就要打扫门廊。如果集会厅脏了，就要打扫集会厅。如果火堂脏了，就要打扫火堂。如果厕所脏了，就要打扫厕所。如果没有饮用水，就要备好饮用水。如果没有盥洗用水，就要备好盥洗用水。如果净水瓶里没有水，就要往净水瓶里倒水。
‘‘Sace pariveṇaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace upaṭṭhānasālā uklāpā hoti, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā. Sace aggisālā uklāpā hoti, aggisālā sammajjitabbā. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṃ na hoti, pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace paribhojanīyaṃ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ.
42如果和一位长老比丘同住一间住处，没有向长老请示就不能给他讲课，不能向他提问，不能诵经，不能说法，不能点灯，不能熄灯，不能开窗户，不能关窗户。如果和长老比丘在同一条经行道上经行，走到长老转向的地方就应该跟着转向，而且不能用僧伽梨衣的衣角碰到长老。比丘们，这就是比丘们在住处应当如法遵行的住处行仪。
‘‘Sace vuḍḍhena saddhiṃ ekavihāre viharati, na vuḍḍhaṃ anāpucchā uddeso dātabbo, na paripucchā dātabbā, na sajjhāyo kātabbo, na dhammo bhāsitabbo, na padīpo kātabbo, na padīpo vijjhāpetabbo, na vātapānā vivaritabbā, na vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace vuḍḍhena saddhiṃ ekacaṅkame caṅkamati, yena vuḍḍho tena parivattitabbaṃ, na ca vuḍḍho saṅghāṭikaṇṇena ghaṭṭetabbo. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ senāsanavattaṃ yathā bhikkhūhi senāsane sammā vattitabba’’nti.
539. 火堂行仪论
9. Jantāgharavattakathā
371就在那个时候，六群比丘在暖房里，被长老比丘们劝阻，他们出于不敬，反而加了很多柴火，点上火，关上门，坐在门口挡着。比丘们被热气闷得受不了，找不到门，纷纷晕倒在地。那些少欲知足的比丘们就埋怨、批评、指责说：“六群比丘怎么能在暖房里被长老比丘们劝阻，还出于不敬，加了很多柴火，点上火，关上门，坐在门口挡着呢！害得比丘们被热气闷得受不了，找不到门，纷纷晕倒。”于是这些比丘就把这件事报告给了世尊。世尊问：“比丘们，听说六群比丘在暖房里被长老比丘们劝阻，出于不敬，加了很多柴火，点上火，关上门，坐在门口挡着，害得比丘们被热气闷得受不了，找不到门，纷纷晕倒，这是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”世尊呵责之后，做了开示，然后对比丘们说：“比丘们，在暖房里，被长老比丘劝阻时，不得出于不敬而加很多柴火再点火。如果这样做了，犯恶作。比丘们，不得关上门坐在门口。如果这样坐了，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jantāghare therehi bhikkhūhi nivāriyamānā anādariyaṃ paṭicca pahūtaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ āropetvā aggiṃ datvā dvāraṃ thaketvā dvāre nisīdanti. Bhikkhū uṇhābhitattā dvāraṃ alabhamānā mucchitā papatanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jantāghare therehi bhikkhūhi nivāriyamānā anādariyaṃ paṭicca pahūtaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ āropetvā aggiṃ datvā dvāraṃ thaketvā dvāre nisīdissanti! Bhikkhū uṇhābhitattā dvāraṃ alabhamānā mucchitā papatantī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jantāghare therehi bhikkhūhi nivāriyamānā anādariyaṃ paṭicca pahūtaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ āropetvā aggiṃ datvā dvāraṃ thaketvā dvāre nisīdanti; bhikkhū uṇhābhitattā dvāraṃ alabhamānā mucchitā papatantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na , bhikkhave, jantāghare therena bhikkhunā nivāriyamānena anādariyaṃ paṭicca pahūtaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ āropetvā aggi dātabbo. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na, bhikkhave, dvāraṃ thaketvā dvāre nisīditabbaṃ. Yo nisīdeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
372“既然如此，比丘们，我就来制定比丘们的暖房行仪，比丘们在暖房里应当这样如法遵行。第一个进入暖房的人，如果灰太多了，要把灰清理掉。如果暖房脏了，就要打扫暖房。如果走廊脏了，就要打扫走廊。如果住处脏了，就要打扫住处。如果门廊脏了，就要打扫门廊。如果暖房大厅脏了，就要打扫暖房大厅。”
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ jantāgharavattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi jantāghare sammā vattitabbaṃ. Yo paṭhamaṃ jantāgharaṃ gacchati, sace chārikā ussannā hoti, chārikā chaḍḍetabbā. Sace jantāgharaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, jantāgharaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Sace paribhaṇḍaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, paribhaṇḍaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Sace pariveṇaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo . Sace jantāgharasālā uklāpā hoti, jantāgharasālā sammajjitabbā.
45“香粉要准备好，泥巴要浸湿，要往水槽里倒水。进入暖房时，要用泥巴涂好脸，把身前身后遮盖好，再进入暖房。不得挤到长老比丘中间坐下。不得用座位排挤新比丘。如果有能力，应该在暖房里为长老比丘们做些服务。从暖房出来时，要拿好暖房的凳子，把身前身后遮盖好，再走出暖房。如果有能力，在水里也应该为长老比丘们做些服务。不得在长老比丘们的前面洗澡，也不得在他们的上游洗澡。洗完澡上来时，要给下去的人让路。最后一个离开暖房的人，如果暖房被弄湿弄脏了，就要冲洗干净。把泥槽洗干净，把暖房的凳子收好，把火熄灭，关好门，然后再离开。比丘们，这就是比丘们应当在暖房里如法遵行的暖房行仪。”
‘‘Cuṇṇaṃ sannetabbaṃ, mattikā temetabbā, udakadoṇikāya udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ. Jantāgharaṃ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṃ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Sace ussahati, jantāghare therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṃ. Sace ussahati, udakepi therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Na therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ puratopi nahāyitabbaṃ, na uparitopi nahāyitabbaṃ. Nahātena uttarantena otarantānaṃ maggo dātabbo. Yo pacchā jantāgharā nikkhamati, sace jantāgharaṃ cikkhallaṃ hoti, dhovitabbaṃ. Mattikādoṇikaṃ dhovitvā jantāgharapīṭhaṃ paṭisāmetvā aggiṃ vijjhāpetvā dvāraṃ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṃ. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ jantāgharavattaṃ yathā bhikkhūhi jantāghare sammā vattitabba’’nti.
5710. 厕所行仪论
10. Vaccakuṭivattakathā
373就在那个时候，有位婆罗门种姓的比丘，大便完之后不愿意用水洗净，他说：“谁要去碰这种又贱又恶臭的东西呢？”结果他的大便道里长了虫。后来这位比丘把这事告诉了其他比丘们。比丘们问他：“贤友，你真的是大便完了不洗吗？”他回答说：“是的，贤友们。”那些少欲知足的比丘们就埋怨、批评、指责说：“一位比丘怎么可以大便完了不洗呢！”于是这些比丘就把这件事报告了世尊。世尊问：“比丘，听说你大便完了不洗，是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”世尊呵责之后，做了开示，然后对比丘们说：“比丘们，有水的时候，大便完了不得不用水洗净。如果不洗，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu brāhmaṇajātiko vaccaṃ katvā na icchati ācametuṃ – ko imaṃ vasalaṃ duggandhaṃ āmasissatīti . Tassa vaccamagge kimi saṇṭhāti. Atha kho so bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, vaccaṃ katvā na ācamesī’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhu vaccaṃ katvā na ācamessatī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, bhikkhu, vaccaṃ katvā na ācamesī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, vaccaṃ katvā sati udake nācametabbaṃ. Yo nācameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
47就在那个时候，比丘们在厕所里是按照法腊尊卑的顺序去大便的。新比丘们早早就到了，在那里憋着等。他们一直忍着大便，忍到昏了过去。他们把这事情报告了世尊。世尊问：“比丘们，这是真的吗？”比丘们回答：“是真的，世尊。”世尊说：“比丘们，在厕所里不得按照法腊尊卑的顺序大便。如果这样做了，犯恶作。比丘们，我允许按照到达的先后顺序大便。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū vaccakuṭiyā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ vaccaṃ karonti. Navakā bhikkhū paṭhamataraṃ āgantvā vaccitā āgamenti. Te vaccaṃ sandhārentā mucchitā papatanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira bhikkhave…pe… saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, vaccakuṭiyā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ vacco kātabbo. Yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āgatapaṭipāṭiyā vaccaṃ kātu’’nti.
48就在那个时候，六群比丘极其慌张地冲进厕所，甚至是撩起下衣冲进去，他们在大便时发出呻吟声，一边嚼着齿木一边大便，大便拉在便槽外面，小便撒在便槽外面，甚至还往小便槽里吐唾沫，用粗糙的木片刮擦，还把刮擦用的小木片丢进粪坑里，出来时也极其慌张地冲出来，甚至是撩起下衣冲出来，清洗时弄得水声滴滴答答响，还在洗手碗里留下剩水。那些少欲知足的比丘们就埋怨、批评、指责说：“六群比丘怎么能这样呢？极其慌张地冲进厕所，撩起下衣进去，大便时呻吟，一边嚼齿木一边大便，大便拉在便槽外，小便撒在便槽外，往小便槽里吐唾沫，用粗糙的木片刮擦，把刮擦木片丢进粪坑，极其慌张地冲出来，撩起下衣冲出来，清洗时弄得滴滴答答响，还在洗手碗里留剩水！”于是这些比丘就把这件事报告了世尊。世尊问：“比丘们，这是真的吗？”他们回答：“是真的，世尊。”世尊呵责之后，做了开示，然后对比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atisahasāpi vaccakuṭiṃ pavisanti, ubbhajitvāpi pavisanti, nitthunantāpi vaccaṃ karonti , dantakaṭṭhaṃ khādantāpi vaccaṃ karonti, bahiddhāpi vaccadoṇikāya vaccaṃ karonti, bahiddhāpi passāvadoṇikāya passāvaṃ karonti, passāvadoṇikāyapi kheḷaṃ karonti, pharusenapi kaṭṭhena avalekhanti, avalekhanakaṭṭhampi vaccakūpamhi pātenti, atisahasāpi nikkhamanti, ubbhajitvāpi nikkhamanti, capucapukārakampi ācamenti, ācamanasarāvakepi udakaṃ sesenti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atisahasāpi vaccakuṭiṃ pavisissanti, ubbhajitvāpi pavisissanti, nitthunantāpi vaccaṃ karissanti, dantakaṭṭhaṃ khādantāpi vaccaṃ karissanti, bahiddhāpi vaccadoṇikāya vaccaṃ karissanti, bahiddhāpi passāvadoṇikāya passāvaṃ karissanti, passāvadoṇikāyapi kheḷaṃ karissanti, pharusenapi kaṭṭhena avalekhissanti, avalekhanakaṭṭhampi vaccakūpamhi pātessanti, atisahasāpi nikkhamissanti, ubbhajitvāpi nikkhamissanti, capucapukārakampi ācamessanti, ācamanasarāvakepi udakaṃ sesessantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
374那么，比丘们，我来制定比丘们的厕所义务了。去厕所的人，要站在厕所门外先咳嗽一声，里面坐着的人也要咳嗽一声回应。把衣挂在衣竿或衣绳上之后，要安详、不急不躁地进入厕所。不能太过匆忙地进入，也不能一直憋着气进入。要站在脚踏板上再解开衣服。大便时不能发出呻吟声，不能嚼着齿木大便，不能拉到粪槽外头去，不能尿到尿槽外头去，也不能往尿槽里吐口水。不能用粗糙的木片刮，刮完的木片也不能扔进粪坑里。要站在脚踏板上清理干净。不能太过匆忙地出来，也不能一直憋着气出来。要站在冲洗用的脚踏板上再整理好衣服。擦洗时不能发出噗噗的乱响声，擦洗用的水瓢里不能剩下水。要站在冲洗用的脚踏板上清理好自己。
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ vaccakuṭivattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi vaccakuṭiyā sammā vattitabbaṃ. Yo vaccakuṭiṃ gacchati tena bahi ṭhitena ukkāsitabbaṃ. Anto nisinnenapi ukkāsitabbaṃ. Cīvaravaṃse vā cīvararajjuyā vā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā sādhukaṃ ataramānena vaccakuṭī pavisitabbā. Nātisahasā pavisitabbā. Na ubbhajitvā pavisitabbā. Vaccapādukāya ṭhitena ubbhajitabbaṃ. Na nitthunantena vacco kātabbo. Na dantakaṭṭhaṃ khādantena vacco kātabbo. Na bahiddhā vaccadoṇikāya vacco kātabbo. Na bahiddhā passāvadoṇikāya passāvo kātabbo. Na passāvadoṇikāya kheḷo kātabbo. Na pharusena kaṭṭhena avalekhitabbaṃ. Na avalekhanakaṭṭhaṃ vaccakūpamhi pātetabbaṃ. Vaccapādukāya ṭhitena paṭicchādetabbaṃ. Nātisahasā nikkhamitabbaṃ. Na ubbhajitvā nikkhamitabbaṃ. Ācamanapādukāya ṭhitena ubbhajitabbaṃ. Na capucapukārakaṃ ācametabbaṃ. Na ācamanasarāvake udakaṃ sesetabbaṃ. Ācamanapādukāya ṭhitena paṭicchādetabbaṃ.
50如果厕所被粪便弄脏了，就应该清洗干净。如果放刮片的容器满了，就应该把用过的刮片倒掉。如果厕所的地面脏了，就应该清扫厕所。如果周围的地面脏了，就应该清扫周围的地面。如果庭院脏了，就应该清扫庭院。如果门楼脏了，就应该清扫门楼。如果洗手水罐里没水了，就应该往洗手水罐里添上水。比丘们，这就是比丘们的厕所义务，比丘们应该在厕所里如此正确地履行。
‘‘Sace vaccakuṭi uhatā hoti, dhovitabbā. Sace avalekhanapidharo pūro hoti, avalekhanakaṭṭhaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace paribhaṇḍaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, paribhaṇḍaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Sace pariveṇaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ . Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ . Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṃ vaccakuṭivattaṃ yathā bhikkhūhi vaccakuṭiyā sammā vattitabba’’nti.
6311. 戒师行仪论
11. Upajjhāyavattakathā
375就在那个时候，弟子们没有正确地侍奉他们的戒师。那些少欲知足的比丘们……都纷纷责难、批评、指责说：“这些弟子怎么能不正确地侍奉他们的戒师呢！”于是，那些比丘就把这件事告诉了世尊……世尊问他们：“比丘们，弟子们不正确地侍奉戒师，这是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责他们……说：“比丘们，这些弟子怎么能不正确地侍奉戒师呢！比丘们，这不能让未生信者生信……让已生信者增长信心……呵责之后……他做了开示，然后对比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena saddhivihārikā upajjhāyesu na sammā vattanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma saddhivihārikā upajjhāyesu na sammā vattissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikā upajjhāyesu na sammā vattantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikā upajjhāyesu na sammā vattissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
376“那么，比丘们，我来制定弟子们对戒师应尽的义务，弟子们应当如此正确地侍奉戒师。比丘们，弟子对戒师应当正确地履行义务。正确的履行方式是这样的：
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikānaṃ upajjhāyesu vattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā saddhivihārikehi upajjhāyesu sammā vattitabbaṃ. Saddhivihārikena, bhikkhave, upajjhāyamhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ sammāvattanā –
53应当早早起床，脱掉拖鞋，把上衣搭在一侧肩上，然后给戒师递上齿木和洗脸水，为他铺设好座位。如果早上煮了粥，应该把碗洗净，把粥端给戒师。等戒师喝完了粥，要递上水，接过碗来，放低一些，好好地、不碰撞地洗干净，然后收起来。戒师站起来之后，要把座位收好。如果那个地方脏了，就应该把那块地方打扫干净。
‘‘Kālasseva uṭṭhāya upāhanā omuñcitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dantakaṭṭhaṃ dātabbaṃ, mukhodakaṃ dātabbaṃ, āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṃ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā. Yāguṃ pītassa udakaṃ datvā bhājanaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Upajjhāyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti , so deso sammajjitabbo.
54如果戒师想进村庄，就应该给他递上下裙，接过他换下的下裙，给他递上腰带，把僧伽梨衣叠出层次来递给他，把钵洗干净并带上水一起递给他。如果戒师希望有随行的沙马内拉，那么弟子就应该遮好三个圆相，整齐地穿好下裙，系好腰带，把僧伽梨衣叠出层次来披上，系好扣纽，洗干净钵，拿着钵，作为戒师的随行沙马内拉。走路时不能离他太远，也不能靠得太近。要负责接过钵里装的食物。不能在戒师说话的时候，随意插话打断。如果戒师说的话快要构成犯戒了，就应该阻止他。
‘‘Sace upajjhāyo gāmaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, kāyabandhanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, dhovitvā patto sodako dātabbo. Sace upajjhāyo pacchāsamaṇaṃ ākaṅkhati, timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā upajjhāyassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṃ. Nātidūre gantabbaṃ, nāccāsanne gantabbaṃ , pattapariyāpannaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Na upajjhāyassa bhaṇamānassa antarantarā kathā opātetabbā. Upajjhāyo āpattisāmantā bhaṇamāno nivāretabbo.
55回来的时候，弟子要提前一步回到住处，铺好座位，准备好洗脚水、踏脚凳和擦脚布，然后出来迎接戒师，接过他的钵和衣，递上替换的下裙，接过他换下的下裙。如果他的衣服被汗浸湿了，应该在太阳底下稍微晒一会儿，但不能把衣服直接放在太阳下暴晒，应该把衣服叠好。叠衣服的时候，要把边留出四指宽再叠，心里想着：“别让中间留下折痕。”腰带应该叠起来放在衣服的折边里。
‘‘Nivattantena paṭhamataraṃ āgantvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sace cīvaraṃ sinnaṃ hoti, muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbaṃ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṃ nidahitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharantena caturaṅgulaṃ kaṇṇaṃ ussāretvā cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ – mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Obhoge kāyabandhanaṃ kātabbaṃ.
56如果有食物，并且戒师想用餐时，应该先递上水，然后把食物奉上给戒师。应该问问戒师要不要喝饮用水。等他吃完后，要递上水，接过钵来，放低一些，好好地、不碰撞地洗干净，把水沥干，然后在太阳底下稍微晒一会儿，但不能把钵直接放在太阳下暴晒。应该把钵和衣都放好。放钵的时候，应该一只手拿着钵，另一只手摸一摸床下或者凳下有没有东西，再把钵放好。绝对不能把钵直接放在没有铺垫的地上。放衣的时候，应该一只手拿着衣，另一只手把衣竿或衣绳擦一擦，然后把衣的边靠外、褶皱靠内放好。戒师站起来之后，要把座位收好，把洗脚水、踏脚凳和擦脚布也都收拾好。如果那个地方脏了，就应该把那块地方打扫干净。
‘‘Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, upajjhāyo ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṃ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo. Upajjhāyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Bhuttāvissa udakaṃ datvā pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā vodakaṃ katvā muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbo. Na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Upajjhāyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.
57如果戒师想洗澡，弟子应该准备好洗澡水。如果想要冷水，就应该准备冷水。如果想要热水，就应该准备热水。
‘‘Sace upajjhāyo nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ.
58如果戒师想进入蒸汽房，弟子应该揉好沐浴粉，浸湿泥浆，拿着蒸汽房的凳子跟在戒师后面，把凳子递给他，接过他的僧伽梨衣放在一边，把沐浴粉递给他，把泥浆递给他。如果弟子有能力，就可以进入蒸汽房。进入蒸汽房时，要先用泥浆涂脸，遮住身体的前后部分，然后再进去。不应该挤坐在长老比丘们中间。不应该用座位挡开新比丘们。在蒸汽房里，要为戒师服务。从蒸汽房出来时，要拿着蒸汽房的凳子，遮住身体的前后部分，然后再出来。
‘‘Sace upajjhāyo jantāgharaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṃ sannetabbaṃ, mattikā temetabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya upajjhāyassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṃ datvā cīvaraṃ paṭiggahetvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, cuṇṇaṃ dātabbaṃ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati, jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Jantāgharaṃ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṃ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Jantāghare upajjhāyassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṃ.
59即使在水中，也要为戒师服务。洗完澡后，弟子应该先上岸，把自己身上的水擦干，穿好下裙，然后擦去戒师身上的水，把下裙递给他，把僧伽梨衣递给他，拿着蒸汽房的凳子先回到住处，铺好座位，准备好洗脚水、踏脚凳和擦脚布。要问戒师要不要饮用水。如果戒师想让他诵经，他就应当诵；如果戒师想考问他，他就应当接受考问。
‘‘Udakepi upajjhāyassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṃ uttaritvā attano gattaṃ vodakaṃ katvā nivāsetvā upajjhāyassa gattato udakaṃ pamajjitabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya paṭhamataraṃ āgantvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ. Upajjhāyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Sace uddisāpetukāmo hoti, uddisitabbo. Sace paripucchitukāmo hoti, paripucchitabbo.
60如果戒师居住的住处不干净，如果弟子有能力，就应该打扫干净。打扫住处时，首先要将钵和僧伽梨衣搬出来，放在一边；把坐垫搬出来，放在一边；把床垫和枕头搬出来，放在一边；把床放低后，小心翼翼地搬出来，不要刮蹭、不要撞击门框，放在一边；把椅子放低后，小心翼翼地搬出来，不要刮蹭、不要撞击门框，放在一边；把床脚搬出来，放在一边；把痰盂搬出来，放在一边；把靠板搬出来，放在一边；记住地上敷具怎么铺的，把它搬出来，放在一边。如果住处有蜘蛛网，应该先清扫顶棚，再擦拭窗框和墙角。如果涂了赭石色的墙壁脏了，就把布浸湿拧干，然后擦拭干净。如果涂了黑色的地面脏了，就把布浸湿拧干，然后擦拭干净。如果地面没涂过，就洒上水，用扫帚扫——免得灰尘扬起弄脏住处。把垃圾收集起来，搬到一边倒掉。
‘‘Yasmiṃ vihāre upajjhāyo viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṃ sodhentena paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; bhisibibbohanaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; mañco nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena , asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo; pīṭhaṃ nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbā; kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo; apassenaphalakaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; bhūmattharaṇaṃ yathāpaññattaṃ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace vihāre santānakaṃ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāretabbaṃ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā pariphositvā sammajjitabbā – mā vihāro rajena uhaññīti. Saṅkāraṃ vicinitvā ekamantaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ.
61把地上的敷具晒干、清洁、拍打后，搬回来按原样铺好。把床脚晒干、擦拭后，搬回来放回原处。把床晒干、清洁、拍打后，放低，小心翼翼地搬回来，不要刮蹭、不要撞击门框，按原样铺好。把椅子晒干、清洁、拍打后，放低，小心翼翼地搬回来，不要刮蹭、不要撞击门框，按原样放好。把床垫和枕头晒干、清洁、拍打后，搬回来按原样铺好。把坐垫晒干、清洁、拍打后，搬回来按原样铺好。把痰盂晒干、擦拭后，搬回来放回原处。把靠板晒干、擦拭后，搬回来放回原处。接下来存放钵和僧伽梨衣。存放钵时，要一只手拿钵，另一只手摸一下床下或椅子下，再把钵放下；不要把钵直接放在没有垫东西的地面上。存放僧伽梨衣时，要一只手拿僧伽梨衣，另一只手顺着晾衣竿或衣绳摸一下，检查光滑，然后将衣折边朝外、叠缝朝里，把僧伽梨衣放好。
‘‘Bhūmattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Mañcapaṭipādakā otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā. Mañco otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbo. Pīṭhaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Bhisibibbohanaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Kheḷamallako otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbo. Apassenaphalakaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṃ. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ.
62如果从东边刮来了夹带灰尘的风，就应该关上东边的窗户。如果从西边刮来了夹带灰尘的风，就应该关上西边的窗户。如果从北边刮来了夹带灰尘的风，就应该关上北边的窗户。如果从南边刮来了夹带灰尘的风，就应该关上南边的窗户。如果是冷天，白天应该打开窗户，晚上关上。如果是热天，白天应该关上窗户，晚上打开。
‘‘Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, pacchimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace uttarā sarajā vātā vāyanti, uttarā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṃ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṃ vivaritabbā.
63如果经行处不干净，就应清扫经行处。如果仓库不干净，就应清扫仓库。如果集会堂不干净，就应清扫集会堂。如果火房不干净，就应清扫火房。如果厕所不干净，就应清扫厕所。如果没有饮用水，就应备好饮用水。如果没有日用净水，就应备好日用净水。如果洗手的壶里没有水，就应将水倒入洗手壶中。
‘‘Sace pariveṇaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace upaṭṭhānasālā uklāpā hoti, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā. Sace aggisālā uklāpā hoti, aggisālā sammajjitabbā. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṃ na hoti, pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace paribhojanīyaṃ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ.
64如果戒师生起了不满，共住弟子应该劝解他，使别人劝解他，或者为他说法。如果戒师生起了疑惑，共住弟子应该帮他消除，使别人帮他消除，或者为他说法。如果戒师生起了邪见，共住弟子应该帮他分辨远离，使别人帮他分辨远离，或者为他说法。如果戒师违犯了重要戒条，应当受别住，共住弟子就应该努力想办法，想着'怎样才能让僧团给戒师别住呢？'如果戒师应当被退回重受别住，共住弟子就应该努力想办法，想着'怎样才能让僧团把戒师退回重受呢？'如果戒师应当受马纳答，共住弟子就应该努力想办法，想着'怎样才能让僧团给戒师马纳答呢？'如果戒师应当被出罪，共住弟子就应该努力想办法，想着'怎样才能让僧团为戒师出罪呢？'如果僧团想对戒师进行呵责、依止、驱出、悔过、举罪等处罚，共住弟子就应该努力想办法，想着'怎样才能让僧团不对戒师做处罚，或者把处罚减轻呢？'但如果僧团已经对戒师做了呵责、依止、驱出、悔过、举罪等处罚，共住弟子就应该努力想办法，想着'怎样才能让戒师如法行事、顺从僧团、改过自新，让僧团撤销那个处罚呢？'
‘‘Sace upajjhāyassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, saddhivihārikena vūpakāsetabbo, vūpakāsāpetabbo, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace upajjhāyassa kukkuccaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, saddhivihārikena vinodetabbaṃ, vinodāpetabbaṃ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace upajjhāyassa diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti, saddhivihārikena vivecetabbaṃ, vivecāpetabbaṃ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace upajjhāyo garudhammaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti parivāsāraho, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyassa parivāsaṃ dadeyyāti. Sace upajjhāyo mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyaṃ mūlāya paṭikasseyyāti. Sace upajjhāyo mānattāraho hoti, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyassa mānattaṃ dadeyyāti. Sace upajjhāyo abbhānāraho hoti, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyaṃ abbheyyāti. Sace saṅgho upajjhāyassa kammaṃ kattukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyassa kammaṃ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyāti. Kataṃ vā panassa hoti saṅghena kammaṃ, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho upajjhāyo sammā vatteyya, lomaṃ pāteyya, netthāraṃ vatteyya, saṅgho taṃ kammaṃ paṭippassambheyyāti.
65如果戒师的衣需要洗,弟子应当洗,或者应当设法促成——'怎样才能让戒师的衣得以清洗呢？'如果戒师的衣需要做,弟子应当做,或者应当设法促成——'怎样才能让戒师的衣得以做成呢？'如果戒师的染料需要研磨,弟子应当研磨,或者应当设法促成——'怎样才能让戒师的染料得以研磨呢？'如果戒师的衣需要染色,弟子应当染色,或者应当设法促成——'怎样才能让戒师的衣得以染色呢？'染色的时候,应当善巧地反复翻转着染,不可在没有断开线的地方就离开。
‘‘Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ dhovitabbaṃ hoti , saddhivihārikena dhovitabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ dhoviyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ kātabbaṃ hoti, saddhivihārikena kātabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ kariyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa rajanā pacitabbā hoti, saddhivihārikena pacitabbā, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa rajanaṃ paciyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ rajitabbaṃ hoti, saddhivihārikena rajitabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ rajiyethāti. Cīvaraṃ rajantena sādhukaṃ samparivattakaṃ samparivattakaṃ rajitabbaṃ, na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṃ.
66不先告知戒师,不可把自己的钵给某某人,不可从某某人那里接受钵;不可把自己的衣给某某人,不可从某某人那里接受衣;不可把自己的资具给某某人,不可从某某人那里接受资具;不可给某某人剪头发,不可让某某人给自己剪头发;不可为某某人做护理工作,不可让某某人为自己做护理工作;不可为某某人做服务事务,不可让某某人为自己做服务事务;不可做某某人的随行沙门,不可让某某人做自己的随行沙门;不可为某某人带出乞食,不可让某某人为自己带出乞食;不先告知戒师,不可进入村落;不可去墓地;不可离开去其他地方。如果戒师生病了,弟子应当尽形寿照顾,应当等待他康复。比丘们,这就是弟子们对戒师应尽的义务,弟子们应当这样善妙地履行对戒师的义务。
‘‘Na upajjhāyaṃ anāpucchā ekaccassa patto dātabbo, na ekaccassa patto paṭiggahetabbo; na ekaccassa cīvaraṃ dātabbaṃ, na ekaccassa cīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ; na ekaccassa parikkhāro dātabbo, na ekaccassa parikkhāro paṭiggahetabbo; na ekaccassa kesā chedetabbā , na ekaccena kesā chedāpetabbā; na ekaccassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ, na ekaccena parikammaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ; na ekaccassa veyyāvacco kātabbo, na ekaccena veyyāvacco kārāpetabbo; na ekaccassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṃ, na ekacco pacchāsamaṇo ādātabbo; na ekaccassa piṇḍapāto nīharitabbo, na ekaccena piṇḍapāto nīharāpetabbo; na upajjhāyaṃ anāpucchā gāmo pavisitabbo; na susānaṃ gantabbaṃ; na disā pakkamitabbā. Sace upajjhāyo gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṃ upaṭṭhātabbo , vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṃ. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikānaṃ upajjhāyesu vattaṃ yathā saddhivihārikehi upajjhāyesu sammā vattitabba’’nti.
8012. 弟子行仪论
12. Saddhivihārikavattakathā
377那时,戒师们对弟子不妥善地履行义务。那些少欲知足的比丘们……他们不满、批评、指责:'戒师们怎么可以对弟子不妥善地履行义务呢!'于是,那些比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊……'比丘们,听说戒师们对弟子不妥善地履行义务,这是真的吗?''是真的,世尊。'……世尊呵责之后……说了法义的开示后,对比丘们说:
Tena kho pana samayena upajjhāyā saddhivihārikesu na sammā vattanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma upajjhāyā saddhivihārikesu na sammā vattissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, upajjhāyā saddhivihārikesu na sammā vattantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
378'那么,比丘们,我要为戒师们制定对弟子应尽的义务,戒师们应当这样善妙地履行对弟子的义务。比丘们,戒师应当善妙地履行对弟子的义务。这善妙履行的方式是——
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, upajjhāyānaṃ saddhivihārikesu vattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā upajjhāyehi saddhivihārikesu sammā vattitabbaṃ. Upajjhāyena, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikamhi sammā vattitabbaṃ . Tatrāyaṃ sammāvattanā –
69'比丘们,戒师应当通过教授、提问、教诫、教导来摄受弟子、利益弟子。如果戒师有钵,而弟子没有钵,戒师应当把自己的钵给弟子,或者应当设法促成——'怎样才能让弟子得到钵呢？'如果戒师有衣,而弟子没有衣,戒师应当把自己的衣给弟子,或者应当设法促成——'怎样才能让弟子得到衣呢？'如果戒师有资具,而弟子没有资具,戒师应当把自己的资具给弟子,或者应当设法促成——'怎样才能让弟子得到资具呢？'
‘‘Upajjhāyena, bhikkhave, saddhivihāriko saṅgahetabbo anuggahetabbo uddesena paripucchāya ovādena anusāsaniyā. Sace upajjhāyassa patto hoti, saddhivihārikassa patto na hoti, upajjhāyena saddhivihārikassa patto dātabbo, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa patto uppajjiyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṃ hoti, saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ na hoti, upajjhāyena saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ dātabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ uppajjiyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa parikkhāro hoti, saddhivihārikassa parikkhāro na hoti, upajjhāyena saddhivihārikassa parikkhāro dātabbo, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa parikkhāro uppajjiyethāti.
70'如果弟子生病了,戒师应当清早起来,给他齿木,给他洗脸水,为他铺设座位。如果有粥,应当把容器洗干净,把粥端给他。弟子喝完粥后,给他水,接过容器,放低后善巧地不摩擦地洗干净,然后收好。弟子起床后,应当收起座位。如果那个地方脏了,应当清扫那个地方。
‘‘Sace saddhivihāriko gilāno hoti, kālasseva uṭṭhāya dantakaṭṭhaṃ dātabbaṃ, mukhodakaṃ dātabbaṃ, āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṃ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā. Yāguṃ pītassa udakaṃ datvā bhājanaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Saddhivihārikamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.
71如果弟子想进入村落，应当给他下衣，为他接过内衣，给他腰带，把僧伽梨折叠整齐递给他，把钵洗干净带水给他。
‘‘Sace saddhivihāriko gāmaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ , kāyabandhanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā , dhovitvā patto sodako dātabbo.
72'预计他这个时候要返回了,应当为他铺设座位,准备好洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚布。应当出来迎接他,接过他的钵和衣,给他内衣,为他接过下衣。如果衣汗湿了,应当在太阳下稍微晒一下,但不可把衣久放在太阳下。应当把衣叠好。叠衣的时候,要把衣边留出四指宽再叠——不要让中间有折痕。腰带应当放在衣折处。
‘‘Ettāvatā nivattissatīti āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sace cīvaraṃ sinnaṃ hoti, muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbaṃ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṃ nidahitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharantena caturaṅgulaṃ kaṇṇaṃ ussāretvā cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ – mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Obhoge kāyabandhanaṃ kātabbaṃ.
73“如果有食物，而共住弟子也想吃，应先给他水，然后把食物端过去。共住弟子应当被询问是否需要饮用水。等他吃完后，给他水，接过钵，放低后妥善地、不刮擦地清洗干净，去除水渍，应放在热处稍微晾一会儿，但不应把钵放在很热的地方。衣和钵应当存放好。存放钵时，应一只手拿着钵，另一只手摸一下床下或凳下，然后再放下钵。不应把钵直接放在没有铺垫的地面上。存放衣时，应一只手拿着衣，另一只手顺着晾衣竿或晾衣绳捋一下，将衣的远端朝外、近端向里折叠好，再存放。共住弟子站起身后，座位应当收起来，洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚石应当收拾好。如果那个地方脏了，那个地方应当扫干净。”
‘‘Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, saddhivihāriko ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṃ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo. Saddhivihāriko pānīyena pucchitabbo. Bhuttāvissa udakaṃ datvā pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā vodakaṃ katvā muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbo, na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Saddhivihārikamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo .
74“如果共住弟子想洗澡，应当为他备好洗澡水。如果需要凉水，应当备好凉水。如果需要热水，应当备好热水。”
‘‘Sace saddhivihāriko nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ.
75“如果共住弟子想进入浴室，应将沐浴粉揉好，将沐浴泥浸湿，带上浴室的凳子，去到那里后把凳子给他，接过他的衣放在一边。应当给他沐浴粉，给他沐浴泥。如果他能行，便进入浴室。进入浴室时，应用沐浴泥涂脸，遮住身体前面和后面，然后进入浴室。不应挤到长老比丘们中间坐下，也不应阻碍新比丘们就坐。在浴室中，应当为共住弟子做服务。从浴室出来时，应带着浴室的凳子，遮住身体前面和后面，然后从浴室出来。”
‘‘Sace saddhivihāriko jantāgharaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṃ sannetabbaṃ, mattikā temetabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṃ datvā cīvaraṃ paṭiggahetvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, cuṇṇaṃ dātabbaṃ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Jantāgharaṃ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṃ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ, na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Jantāghare saddhivihārikassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṃ.
76“在水中也应为共住弟子做服务。洗完澡后，自己应先上来，把身上的水擦干，穿好下衣，然后为共住弟子擦去身上的水，递给他下衣，递给他僧伽梨衣，带着浴室的凳子先回来，铺设好座位，放好洗脚水、脚凳和擦脚石。应当询问共住弟子是否需要饮用水。”
‘‘Udakepi saddhivihārikassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṃ uttaritvā attano gattaṃ vodakaṃ katvā nivāsetvā saddhivihārikassa gattato udakaṃ pamajjitabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya paṭhamataraṃ āgantvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ. Saddhivihāriko pānīyena pucchitabbo.
77“共住弟子所居住的住处如果脏了，如果他有能力，应当清扫干净。清扫住处时，应先把衣和钵取出来，放在一边……如果洗手水罐里没有水了，应为洗手水罐添上水。”
‘‘Yasmiṃ vihāre saddhivihāriko viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṃ sodhentena paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ…pe… sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ.
78“如果共住弟子生起了不乐，戒师应劝解开导他，让人来劝解开导他，或者为他做一次法谈。如果共住弟子生起了疑虑，戒师应为他消除，让人来消除，或者为他做一次法谈。如果共住弟子执取了邪见，戒师应为他破斥，让人来破斥，或者为他做一次法谈。如果共住弟子犯了重法应当别住，戒师应当努力促成：'怎样才能让僧团给共住弟子别住呢？'如果共住弟子应被退回起始处，戒师应当努力促成：'怎样才能让僧团将共住弟子退回起始处呢？'如果共住弟子应奉行悦众意，戒师应当努力促成：'怎样才能让僧团给共住弟子悦众意呢？'如果共住弟子应被出罪，戒师应当努力促成：'怎样才能让僧团为共住弟子出罪呢？'如果僧团想对共住弟子做羯磨——无论是呵责羯磨、依止羯磨、驱出羯磨、和解羯磨或是举罪羯磨，戒师应当努力促成：'怎样才能让僧团不对共住弟子做羯磨，或者将它转变为轻的呢？'如果僧团已经对他做了羯磨——无论是呵责羯磨、依止羯磨、驱出羯磨、和解羯磨或是举罪羯磨，戒师应当努力促成：'怎样才能让共住弟子正确地履行、顺从地遵守、贯穿到底地实践，使僧团撤销那个羯磨呢？'”
‘‘Sace saddhivihārikassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, upajjhāyena vūpakāsetabbo, vūpakāsāpetabbo, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace saddhivihārikassa kukkuccaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, upajjhāyena vinodetabbaṃ, vinodāpetabbaṃ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace saddhivihārikassa diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti, upajjhāyena vivecetabbaṃ, vivecāpetabbaṃ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace saddhivihāriko garudhammaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti parivāsāraho, upajjhāyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikassa parivāsaṃ dadeyyāti. Sace saddhivihāriko mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti, upajjhāyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikaṃ mūlāya paṭikasseyyāti. Sace saddhivihāriko mānattāraho hoti, upajjhāyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikassa mānattaṃ dadeyyāti. Sace saddhivihāriko abbhānāraho hoti, upajjhāyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikaṃ abbheyyāti. Sace saṅgho saddhivihārikassa kammaṃ kattukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, upajjhāyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikassa kammaṃ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyāti. Kataṃ vā panassa hoti saṅghena kammaṃ, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā, ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, upajjhāyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihāriko sammā vatteyya lomaṃ pāteyya, netthāraṃ vatteyya, saṅgho taṃ kammaṃ paṭippassambheyyāti.
79“如果共住弟子的衣服需要洗，戒师应当告诉他：'应该这样洗'，或者努力促成：'怎样才能让人为共住弟子洗衣服呢？'如果共住弟子的衣服需要缝制，戒师应当告诉他：'应该这样做'，或者努力促成：'怎样才能让人为共住弟子做衣服呢？'如果染料的汁需要熬煮，戒师应当告诉他：'应该这样熬'，或者努力促成：'怎样才能让人为共住弟子熬染料呢？'如果共住弟子的衣服需要染色，戒师应当告诉他：'应该这样染'，或者努力促成：'怎样才能让人为共住弟子染衣服呢？'染色时，应当妥善地反复翻转、反复翻转地染，不应在没有干透的湿处就离开。如果共住弟子生病，戒师应当尽形寿照顾他，应当等待他康复。诸比丘，这就是戒师们对于共住弟子的义务，戒师们应当依此对共住弟子正确地履行义务。”
‘‘Sace saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ dhovitabbaṃ hoti, upajjhāyena ācikkhitabbaṃ – evaṃ dhoveyyāsīti, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ dhoviyethāti. Sace saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ kātabbaṃ hoti, upajjhāyena ācikkhitabbaṃ – evaṃ kareyyāsīti, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ kariyethāti. Sace saddhivihārikassa rajanaṃ pacitabbaṃ hoti, upajjhāyena ācikkhitabbaṃ – evaṃ paceyyāsīti, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa rajanaṃ paciyethāti. Sace saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ rajitabbaṃ hoti, upajjhāyena ācikkhitabbaṃ – evaṃ rajeyyāsīti, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṃ rajiyethāti. Cīvaraṃ rajantena sādhukaṃ samparivattakaṃ samparivattakaṃ rajitabbaṃ, na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace saddhivihāriko gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṃ upaṭṭhātabbo, vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṃ. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave , upajjhāyānaṃ saddhivihārikesu vattaṃ yathā upajjhāyehi saddhivihārikesu sammā vattitabba’’nti.
94第二诵品完
Dutiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
9513. 老师行仪论
13. Ācariyavattakathā
379就在那时，弟子们没有对老师正确地履行义务。那些少欲知足的比丘们……他们批评、非难、指责说：“弟子们怎么可以对老师不正确地履行义务呢！”于是，那些比丘将这件事禀告了世尊……世尊问：“诸比丘，听说弟子们真的没有对老师正确地履行义务吗？”他们回答：“是真的，世尊。”……世尊呵斥之后……做了法谈，然后对诸比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena antevāsikā ācariyesu na sammā vattanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma antevāsikā ācariyesu na sammā vattissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, antevāsikā ācariyesu na sammā vattantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
380“比丘们，因此我要为弟子们制定对戒师应尽的义务。弟子应当按照这些规则正确地对待戒师。比丘们，弟子应当这样正确地对待戒师：——
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, antevāsikānaṃ ācariyesu vattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā antevāsikehi ācariyesu sammā vattitabbaṃ. Antevāsikena, bhikkhave, ācariyamhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ sammāvattanā –
82“天刚亮时就起床，脱掉鞋子，把上衣搭在一侧肩上，然后递上齿木，递上洗脸水，铺好座位。如果有粥，就把碗洗干净，把粥端上去。等戒师喝完粥，递上水，接过碗来，放在低处，好好地、不碰刮地洗干净，然后收好。戒师起身时，要收起座位。如果那个地方脏了，就把那个地方打扫干净。
‘‘Kālasseva uṭṭhāya upāhanā omuñcitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dantakaṭṭhaṃ dātabbaṃ, mukhodakaṃ dātabbaṃ, āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṃ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā. Yāguṃ pītassa udakaṃ datvā bhājanaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Ācariyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.
83“如果戒师想要进村子，就要递上内衣，接过换下的内衣，递上腰带，把僧伽梨衣叠好后递上去，把钵洗干净、带好水递上去。如果戒师希望有后行沙门跟着，弟子就要以三圈的下裙遮盖齐整、穿戴整齐，系好腰带，把僧伽梨衣叠好披上，系好扣带，拿着洗干净的钵，做戒师的后行沙门。走路时不能离得太远，也不能靠得太近，要接取钵中(可能掉出）的东西。戒师说话的时候，不能插嘴打断。戒师说到快要犯戒的事情时，应该劝阻他。
‘‘Sace ācariyo gāmaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, kāyabandhanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, dhovitvā patto sodako dātabbo. Sace ācariyo pacchāsamaṇaṃ ākaṅkhati, timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṃ bandhitvā saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṃ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṃ gahetvā ācariyassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṃ. Nātidūre gantabbaṃ, nāccāsanne gantabbaṃ, pattapariyāpannaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Na ācariyassa bhaṇamānassa antarantarā kathā opātetabbā. Ācariyo āpattisāmantā bhaṇamāno nivāretabbo.
84“回来时，要比戒师先一步回来，铺好座位，准备好洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚板，然后迎上前去，接过衣钵，递上换穿的内衣，接过脱下的内衣。如果衣服被汗湿了，要在太阳下稍微晾一会儿，但不能把衣服放在热的地方晒坏。要叠好衣服。叠衣服时，要把衣边留出四指宽再叠，心里想着：不要从中间折出折痕。腰带要放在衣摺里。
‘‘Nivattantena paṭhamataraṃ āgantvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sace cīvaraṃ sinnaṃ hoti, muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbaṃ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṃ nidahitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharantena caturaṅgulaṃ kaṇṇaṃ ussāretvā cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ – mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Obhoge kāyabandhanaṃ kātabbaṃ.
85“如果有施食，戒师又想吃饭，就先递上水，然后把施食端上去。戒师吃过饭后，要递上水，接过钵来，放在低处，好好地、不碰刮地洗干净，倒掉水，在太阳下稍微晾一会儿，但不能把钵放在热的地方晒坏。要把衣钵收好。放钵的时候，要一只手拿着钵，另一只手摸一下床下或凳子下面，然后再放钵。不能把钵直接放在没有铺垫的地上。放衣服的时候，要一只手拿着衣服，另一只手捋一下衣竿或衣绳，然后把衣服从外侧向内侧折好放上去。戒师起身时，要收起座位，把洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚板收好。如果那个地方脏了，就把那个地方打扫干净。
‘‘Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, ācariyo ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṃ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo. Ācariyo pānīyena pucchitabbo . Bhuttāvissa udakaṃ datvā pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā vodakaṃ katvā muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbo, na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajitvā pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Ācariyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.
86“如果戒师想要洗澡，就要为他准备好洗澡的东西。如果他需要用冷水，就准备好冷水。如果他需要用热水，就准备好热水。
‘‘Sace ācariyo nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ.
87“如果戒师想要进入浴室，就要为他揉好沐浴粉，化开沐浴泥，拿着浴室凳子跟在戒师后面去，把浴室凳子递给他，接过衣服放在一边，递上沐浴粉，递上沐浴泥。如果自己能行，就进入浴室。进浴室时，要先用沐浴泥涂脸，遮住前面和后面，然后进入浴室。不能在挤到长老比丘中间去坐。也不能用座位挡住新比丘。在浴室里要为戒师做些服务。从浴室出来时，要拿着浴室凳子，遮住前面和后面，然后从浴室出来。
‘‘Sace ācariyo jantāgharaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṃ sannetabbaṃ, mattikā temetabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya ācariyassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṃ datvā cīvaraṃ paṭiggahetvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, cuṇṇaṃ dātabbaṃ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati, jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Jantāgharaṃ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṃ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Jantāghare ācariyassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṃ.
88“在水里也要为戒师做些服务。先洗好上来，把自己的身体擦干水，穿好内衣，然后为戒师擦干身上的水，递上内衣，递上僧伽梨衣，拿着浴室凳子先一步回来，铺好座位，准备好洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚板。之后要问问戒师需不需要喝水。如果他想让你诵经，就为他诵经。如果他想让你问答讨论，就和他问答讨论。”
‘‘Udakepi ācariyassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṃ uttaritvā attano gattaṃ vodakaṃ katvā nivāsetvā ācariyassa gattato udakaṃ pamajjitabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya paṭhamataraṃ āgantvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ. Ācariyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Sace uddisāpetukāmo hoti, uddisitabbo. Sace paripucchitukāmo hoti, paripucchitabbo.
89“如果戒师所住的住处脏了，如果弟子有那个能力，就应该去清扫。清扫住处时，先要把钵和衣搬出去，放在一边；把坐布搬出去，放在一边；把床垫和枕头搬出去，放在一边；床要放低，好好地、不碰擦、不撞击门扇地搬出去，放在一边；椅子也要放低，好好地、不碰擦、不撞击门扇地搬出去，放在一边；床脚搬出去，放在一边；痰盂搬出去，放在一边；靠板搬出去，放在一边；地面敷具要记住它是怎么铺的，再搬出去放在一边。如果住处有蜘蛛网，应该先把天花板上的清除，再擦拭窗缝和墙角。如果墙壁是用赭石粉刷过而积了尘垢，就把布浸湿、拧干后去擦。如果地板是涂过黑的而积了尘垢，就把布浸湿、拧干后去擦。如果地板没有处理过，就洒水撒水后去扫，免得住处被灰尘扬起。垃圾要捡干净，丢到一边去。”
‘‘Yasmiṃ vihāre ācariyo viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṃ sodhentena paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; bhisibibbohanaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; mañco nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo; pīṭhaṃ nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbā; kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbo; apassenaphalakaṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ; bhūmattharaṇaṃ yathāpaññattaṃ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Sace vihāre santānakaṃ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāretabbaṃ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṃ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā pariphositvā sammajjitabbā – mā vihāro rajena uhaññīti. Saṅkāraṃ vicinitvā ekamantaṃ chaḍḍetabbaṃ.
90“地面敷具要晒过、弄干净、拍打之后，搬回去按原来的样子铺好。床脚要晒过、擦过之后，搬回去放回原处。床要晒过、弄干净、拍打之后，放低，好好地、不碰擦、不撞击门扇地搬回去，按原来的样子铺好。椅子要晒过、弄干净、拍打之后，放低，好好地、不碰擦、不撞击门扇地搬回去，按原来的样子铺好。床垫和枕头要晒过、弄干净、拍打之后，搬回去按原来的样子铺好。坐布要晒过、弄干净、拍打之后，搬回去按原来的样子铺好。痰盂要晒过、擦过之后，搬回去放回原处。靠板要晒过、擦过之后，搬回去放回原处。然后要放钵和衣。放钵时，要一只手拿着钵，另一只手摸一摸床底或椅底，然后再把钵放好；钵不可以直接放在没有遮挡的地面上。放衣时，要一只手拿着衣，另一只手把晾衣竿或晾衣绳擦一擦，把衣的外缘朝那边、内叠朝这边，妥当地放好。”
‘‘Bhūmattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Mañcapaṭipādakā otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā. Mañco otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbo. Pīṭhaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṃ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Bhisibibbohanaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Kheḷamallako otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbo. Apassenaphalakaṃ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṃ. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṃ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṃ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṃ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṃsaṃ vā cīvararajjuṃ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ.
91“如果有带沙尘的风从东边吹来，东边的窗户就应该关好。如果有带沙尘的风从西边吹来，西边的窗户就应该关好。如果有带沙尘的风从北边吹来，北边的窗户就应该关好。如果有带沙尘的风从南边吹来，南边的窗户就应该关好。如果是冷天，白天要开窗，晚上要关窗。如果是热天，白天要关窗，晚上要开窗。”
‘‘Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, pacchimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace uttarā sarajā vātā vāyanti, uttarā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṃ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṃ vivaritabbā.
92“如果院子脏了，就应该打扫院子。如果门楼脏了，就应该打扫门楼。如果集会厅脏了，就应该打扫集会厅。如果火房脏了，就应该打扫火房。如果厕所脏了，就应该打扫厕所。如果没有饮用水，就应该准备饮用水。如果没有用水，就应该准备用水。如果洗手的罐里没水了，就应该往洗手罐里添水。”
‘‘Sace pariveṇaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti, pariveṇaṃ sammajjitabbaṃ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace upaṭṭhānasālā uklāpā hoti, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā. Sace aggisālā uklāpā hoti, aggisālā sammajjitabbā. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṃ na hoti, pānīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace paribhojanīyaṃ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṃ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ.
93“如果戒师生起了不欢喜，做弟子的应该去劝解，找人去劝解，或者为他开示法义。如果戒师生起了恶作懊悔，做弟子的应该去消除，找人去消除，或者为他开示法义。如果戒师生起了邪见，做弟子的应该去辨析纠正，找人去辨析纠正，或者为他开示法义。如果戒师违犯了重法，应当受别住，做弟子的应该积极奔走，想办法让僧团给戒师别住的处分。如果戒师应当退回原本处，做弟子的应该积极奔走，想办法让僧团把戒师退回原本处。如果戒师应当行摩那埵，做弟子的应该积极奔走，想办法让僧团给戒师行摩那埵的处分。如果戒师应当出罪，做弟子的应该积极奔走，想办法让僧团给戒师出罪。如果僧团想要对戒师做羯磨，不论是呵责羯磨、依止羯磨、驱出羯磨、谢罪羯磨还是灭摈羯磨，做弟子的都应该积极奔走，想办法让僧团不要对戒师做羯磨，或者让这处分变得轻些。如果僧团已经对戒师做了羯磨，无论是呵责羯磨等等，做弟子的都应该积极奔走，想办法让戒师能如法行事、真心顺从、得到忏悔，让僧团把那羯磨撤销掉。”
‘‘Sace ācariyassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, antevāsikena vūpakāsetabbā, vūpakāsāpetabbā, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace ācariyassa kukkuccaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, antevāsikena vinodetabbaṃ, vinodāpetabbaṃ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace ācariyassa diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti , antevāsikena vivecetabbaṃ, vivecāpetabbaṃ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace ācariyo garudhammaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti, parivāsāraho, antevāsikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyassa parivāsaṃ dadeyyāti. Sace ācariyo mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti, antevāsikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyaṃ mūlāya paṭikasseyyāti. Sace ācariyo mānattāraho hoti, antevāsikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyassa mānattaṃ dadeyyāti. Sace ācariyo abbhānāraho hoti, antevāsikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyaṃ abbheyyāti. Sace saṅgho ācariyassa kammaṃ kattukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, antevāsikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyassa kammaṃ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyāti. Kataṃ vā panassa hoti saṅghena kammaṃ, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, antevāsikena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho ācariyo sammā vatteyya, lomaṃ pāteyya, netthāraṃ vatteyya, saṅgho taṃ kammaṃ paṭippassambheyyāti.
94“如果戒师的衣服需要洗，做弟子的应该去洗，或者积极奔走，想办法让人把戒师的衣服洗了。如果戒师的衣服需要做，做弟子的应该去做，或者积极奔走，想办法让人把戒师的衣裳做了。如果戒师的染料需要煮，做弟子的应该去煮，或者积极奔走，想办法让人把戒师的染料煮好。如果戒师的衣服需要染，做弟子的应该去染，或者积极奔走，想办法让人把戒师的衣服染了。染衣服的时候，要好好地一遍又一遍翻转着染，不能在染汁还没有断流的时候就离开。”
‘‘Sace ācariyassa cīvaraṃ dhovitabbaṃ hoti, antevāsikena dhovitabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho ācariyassa cīvaraṃ dhoviyethāti. Sace ācariyassa cīvaraṃ kātabbaṃ hoti, antevāsikena kātabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho ācariyassa cīvaraṃ kariyethāti. Sace ācariyassa rajanaṃ pacitabbaṃ hoti, antevāsikena pacitabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho ācariyassa rajanaṃ paciyethāti. Sace ācariyassa cīvaraṃ rajitabbaṃ hoti, antevāsikena rajitabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho ācariyassa cīvaraṃ rajiyethāti. Cīvaraṃ rajantena sādhukaṃ samparivattakaṃ samparivattakaṃ rajitabbaṃ, na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṃ.
95“没有向戒师禀告，不可以把钵送给某个人，也不可以代戒师接受某个人给的钵；不可以把衣送给某个人，也不可以代戒师接受某个人给的衣；不可以把资具送给某个人，也不可以代戒师接受某个人给的资具；不可以为某个人剃发，也不可以叫某个人为自己剃发；不可以为某个人做身体按摩等护理，也不可以叫某个人为己做这些护理；不可以为某个人做服务，也不可以叫某个人为己服务；不可以做某个人的随从沙门，也不可以带某个人做随从沙门；不可以为某个人把食物带出去，也不可以叫某个人把食物带出去。没有向戒师禀告，不可以进村庄；不可以去坟场；不可以离开到别的地方去。如果戒师生病了，应该尽这一生去照顾他，要等到他康复为止。比丘们，这就是弟子对戒师应尽的行仪，弟子应当这样好好地对待戒师。”
‘‘Na ācariyaṃ anāpucchā ekaccassa patto dātabbo, na ekaccassa patto paṭiggahetabbo; na ekaccassa cīvaraṃ dātabbaṃ, na ekaccassa cīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ; na ekaccassa parikkhāro dātabbo, na ekaccassa parikkhāro paṭiggahetabbo; na ekaccassa kesā cheditabbā, na ekaccena kesā chedāpetabbā; na ekaccassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ, na ekaccena parikammaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ; na ekaccassa veyyāvacco kātabbo, na ekaccena veyyāvacco kārāpetabbo; na ekaccassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṃ, na ekacco pacchāsamaṇo ādātabbo; na ekaccassa piṇḍapāto nīharitabbo, na ekaccena piṇḍapāto nīharāpetabbo; na ācariyaṃ anāpucchā gāmo pavisitabbo; na susānaṃ gantabbaṃ; na disā pakkamitabbā. Sace ācariyo gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṃ upaṭṭhātabbo , vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṃ. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, antevāsikānaṃ ācariyesu vattaṃ yathā antevāsikehi ācariyesu sammā vattitabba’’nti.
11214. 学生行仪论
14. Antevāsikavattakathā
381就在那个时候，有些戒师对弟子并不好好地尽自己的本分。那些少欲的比丘们……他们不满、批评、到处说：“这些戒师怎么能对弟子不尽自己的本分呢！”于是，这些比丘就把这件事报告给了世尊。那时，世尊因为这件事、这个因缘，把比丘僧团召集起来，问比丘们：“比丘们，听说有些戒师对弟子不尽本分，这是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”……世尊呵责了他们……然后，世尊作了开示，对比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena ācariyā antevāsikesu na sammā vattanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ācariyā antevāsikesu na sammā vattissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, ācariyā antevāsikesu na sammā vattantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
382“诸比丘，既然如此，我将为戒师们制定对待弟子的义务，如戒师应当如法照顾弟子那样。诸比丘，戒师应当如法照顾弟子。这如法的照顾就是——
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, ācariyānaṃ antevāsikesu vattaṃ paññapessāmi yathā ācariyehi antevāsikesu sammā vattitabbaṃ. Ācariyena, bhikkhave, antevāsikamhi sammā vattitabbaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ sammāvattanā –
98“诸比丘，戒师应通过教授、提问、教诫、教导来摄受、帮助弟子。如果戒师有钵，而弟子没有钵，戒师应将钵给弟子，或者应当设法让弟子得到钵，心里想着：‘怎样才能让弟子得到钵呢？’如果戒师有衣，而弟子没有衣，戒师应将衣给弟子，或者应当设法让弟子得到衣，心里想着：‘怎样才能让弟子得到衣呢？’如果戒师有资具，而弟子没有资具，戒师应将资具给弟子，或者应当设法让弟子得到资具，心里想着：‘怎样才能让弟子得到资具呢？’
‘‘Ācariyena, bhikkhave, antevāsiko saṅgahetabbo anuggahetabbo uddesena paripucchāya ovādena anusāsaniyā. Sace ācariyassa patto hoti, antevāsikassa patto na hoti, ācariyena antevāsikassa patto dātabbo, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho antevāsikassa patto uppajjiyethāti. Sace ācariyassa cīvaraṃ hoti, antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ na hoti, ācariyena antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ dātabbaṃ, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ uppajjiyethāti. Sace ācariyassa parikkhāro hoti, antevāsikassa parikkhāro na hoti, ācariyena antevāsikassa parikkhāro dātabbo, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho antevāsikassa parikkhāro uppajjiyethāti.
99“如果弟子生病了，戒师应清早起来，给他递齿木，给他递洗脸水，为他铺设座位。如果有粥，应洗净碗后将粥端给他。弟子喝完粥后，给他递水，接过碗后放低，妥善地、不刮碰地洗干净后收好。弟子起身后，应收起座位。如果那片地方脏了，应打扫那片地方。
‘‘Sace antevāsiko gilāno hoti, kālasseva uṭṭhāya dantakaṭṭhaṃ dātabbaṃ, mukhodakaṃ dātabbaṃ, āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ. Sace yāgu hoti , bhājanaṃ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā. Yāguṃ pītassa udakaṃ datvā bhājanaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṃ . Antevāsikamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.
100“如果弟子想进入村落，戒师应递给他下裙，接过他的上衣，递给他腰带，将僧伽梨衣叠好交给他，将钵洗净后连水一起递给他。
‘‘Sace antevāsiko gāmaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, kāyabandhanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saguṇaṃ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, dhovitvā patto sodako dātabbo.
101“想着‘他大概会在这个时候回来’，戒师应铺设座位，准备好洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚石。应起身迎接，接过钵和衣，递给他上衣，接过下裙。如果衣服汗湿了，应在热处稍加晾晒，但不可将衣服放在热处久存。应将衣服叠好。叠衣服时，应留出四指宽的边后将衣服叠好，心里想着：‘别让中间起褶皱。’应将腰带放在叠好的衣服内。
‘‘Ettāvatā nivattissatīti āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ, paṭinivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ paṭiggahetabbaṃ. Sace cīvaraṃ sinnaṃ hoti, muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbaṃ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṃ nidahitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ. Cīvaraṃ saṅgharantena caturaṅgulaṃ kaṇṇaṃ ussāretvā cīvaraṃ saṅgharitabbaṃ – mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Obhoge kāyabandhanaṃ kātabbaṃ.
102“如果有施食，而弟子也想吃，戒师应给水后，将施食端给他。应问弟子要饮用水吗。弟子吃完后，给他递水，接过钵后放低，妥善地、不刮碰地洗干净，沥干水后，在热处稍加晾晒，但不可将钵放在热处久存。应存放钵和衣。存放钵时……（省略）……存放衣时……（省略）……应留外缘、做内叠地存放衣服。弟子起身后，应收起座位，将洗脚水、脚凳、擦脚石收好。如果那片地方脏了，应打扫那片地方。
‘‘Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, antevāsiko ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṃ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo. Antevāsiko pānīyena pucchitabbo. Bhuttāvissa udakaṃ datvā pattaṃ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṃ katvā sādhukaṃ appaṭighaṃsantena dhovitvā vodakaṃ katvā muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetabbo, na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Pattaṃ nikkhipantena…pe… cīvaraṃ nikkhipantena…pe… pārato antaṃ orato bhogaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ. Antevāsikamhi uṭṭhite āsanaṃ uddharitabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ paṭisāmetabbaṃ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.
103“如果弟子想去洗澡，戒师应为他准备好洗澡用水。如果需要冷水，应准备冷水。如果需要热水，应准备热水。
‘‘Sace antevāsiko nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṃ paṭiyādetabbaṃ.
104“如果弟子想进入温室，戒师应调好澡豆粉，泡好黏土，拿着温室凳过去，递上温室凳后，接过衣放在一边，给他澡豆粉，给他黏土。如果能帮忙，就进入温室。进入温室时，用黏土涂脸，将身前和身后遮盖好后进入温室。不应挤开长老比丘而坐。不应以座位排斥年少比丘。在温室中应为弟子做服务。从温室出来时，拿着温室凳，遮盖好身前和身后后从温室出来。”
‘‘Sace antevāsiko jantāgharaṃ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṃ sannetabbaṃ, mattikā temetabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṃ datvā cīvaraṃ paṭiggahetvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ, cuṇṇaṃ dātabbaṃ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Jantāgharaṃ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṃ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṃ pavisitabbaṃ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṃ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā . Jantāghare antevāsikassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṃ.
105在水边也要为弟子做服务。弟子沐浴时，戒师应自己先上岸，擦干自己的身体，穿好下衣后，为弟子擦去身上的水，递给他下衣，递给他僧伽梨衣。应自己先拿起浴堂的凳子回来，铺设座位，放置洗脚水、脚凳和擦脚布。然后应问弟子是否需要饮用水。
‘‘Udakepi antevāsikassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṃ uttaritvā attano gattaṃ vodakaṃ katvā nivāsetvā antevāsikassa gattato udakaṃ pamajjitabbaṃ, nivāsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṃ ādāya paṭhamataraṃ āgantvā āsanaṃ paññapetabbaṃ, pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakathalikaṃ upanikkhipitabbaṃ, antevāsiko pānīyena pucchitabbo.
106如果弟子所住的住处有污垢，如果弟子有能力，就应去清扫。清扫住处时，应先搬出钵和衣，安放在一边……如果水罐里没有饮用水，应为水罐添加饮用水。
‘‘Yasmiṃ vihāre antevāsiko viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṃ sodhentena paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ nīharitvā ekamantaṃ nikkhipitabbaṃ…pe… ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṃ āsiñcitabbaṃ.
107如果弟子生起了不满的情绪，戒师应设法安抚，或请人安抚，或为他开示佛法。如果弟子生起了疑悔，戒师应设法消除，或请人消除，或为他开示佛法。如果弟子生起了邪见，戒师应设法辨析开解，或请人辨析开解，或为他开示佛法。如果弟子违犯了重法，需要行别住，戒师应尽力促成此事，心想：'怎样才能让僧团给予弟子别住？'如果弟子应被遣返至起始处，戒师应尽力促成此事，心想：'怎样才能让僧团将弟子遣返至起始处？'如果弟子需要行摩那埵，戒师应尽力促成此事，心想：'怎样才能让僧团给予弟子摩那埵？'如果弟子应被出罪，戒师应尽力促成此事，心想：'怎样才能让僧团为弟子出罪？'如果僧团想要对弟子执行惩处羯磨，无论是呵责羯磨、依止羯磨、驱出羯磨、和解羯磨还是举罪羯磨，戒师都应尽力促成此事，心想：'怎样才能让僧团不对弟子执行惩处羯磨，或者减轻处理？'但如果僧团已经对弟子执行了惩处羯磨，无论是呵责羯磨、依止羯磨、驱出羯磨、和解羯磨还是举罪羯磨，戒师都应尽力促成此事，心想：'怎样才能让弟子正确地遵守规则，顺从地履行义务，达成解脱，从而使僧团解除对他的惩处羯磨？'
‘‘Sace antevāsikassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, ācariyena vūpakāsetabbo, vūpakāsāpetabbo, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace antevāsikassa kukkuccaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, ācariyena vinodetabbaṃ, vinodāpetabbaṃ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace antevāsikassa diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti, ācariyena vivecetabbaṃ, vivecāpetabbaṃ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace antevāsiko garudhammaṃ ajjhāpanno hoti, parivāsāraho, ācariyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikassa parivāsaṃ dadeyyāti. Sace antevāsiko mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti, ācariyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikaṃ mūlāya paṭikasseyyāti. Sace antevāsiko mānattāraho hoti, ācariyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikassa mānattaṃ dadeyyāti. Sace antevāsiko abbhānāraho hoti, ācariyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikaṃ abbheyyāti. Sace saṅgho antevāsikassa kammaṃ kattukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, ācariyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikassa kammaṃ na kareyya , lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyāti. Kataṃ vā panassa hoti, saṅghena kammaṃ, tajjanīyaṃ vā niyassaṃ vā pabbājanīyaṃ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṃ vā ukkhepanīyaṃ vā, ācariyena ussukkaṃ kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho antevāsiko sammā vatteyya, lomaṃ pāteyya, netthāraṃ vatteyya, saṅgho taṃ kammaṃ paṭippassambheyyāti.
108如果弟子需要洗衣，戒师应教他：'你应该这样洗'，或者亲自尽力帮忙，心想：'怎样才能把弟子的衣洗好？'如果弟子需要做衣，戒师应教他：'你应该这样做'，或者亲自尽力帮忙，心想：'怎样才能把弟子的衣做好？'如果弟子需要煮染料，戒师应教他：'你应该这样煮'，或者亲自尽力帮忙，心想：'怎样才能把弟子的染料煮好？'如果弟子需要染衣，戒师应教他：'你应该这样染'，或者亲自尽力帮忙，心想：'怎样才能把弟子的衣染好？'染衣时，应仔细地反复翻转衣料来染，并且不应在染料还没有完全被吸收时就离开。如果弟子生病了，戒师应尽形寿照顾他，并等待他康复。比丘们，这就是戒师们对弟子应尽的义务，戒师们应当如此正确地履行对弟子的义务。
‘‘Sace antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ dhovitabbaṃ hoti, ācariyena ācikkhitabbaṃ – evaṃ dhoveyyāsīti, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ dhoviyethāti. Sace antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ kātabbaṃ hoti, ācariyena ācikkhitabbaṃ – evaṃ kareyyāsīti, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ kariyethāti. Sace antevāsikassa rajanaṃ pacitabbaṃ hoti, ācariyena ācikkhitabbaṃ – evaṃ paceyyāsīti, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho antevāsikassa rajanaṃ paciyethāti. Sace antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ rajitabbaṃ hoti, ācariyena ācikkhitabbaṃ – evaṃ rajeyyāsīti, ussukkaṃ vā kātabbaṃ – kinti nu kho antevāsikassa cīvaraṃ rajiyethāti. Cīvaraṃ rajantena sādhukaṃ samparivattakaṃ samparivattakaṃ rajitabbaṃ. Na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṃ. Sace antevāsiko gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṃ upaṭṭhātabbo, vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṃ. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ācariyānaṃ antevāsikesu vattaṃ yathā ācariyehi antevāsikesu sammā vattitabba’’nti.
126行仪篇第八
Vattakkhandhako aṭṭhamo.
127此篇中有十九事，十四行仪
Imamhi khandhake vatthū ekūnavīsati, vattā cuddasa.
128其偈颂
Tassuddānaṃ –
109穿着鞋、撑着伞、包着头、喝着水，
Saupāhanā chattā ca, oguṇṭhi sīsaṃ pānīyaṃ;
110既不礼敬也不询问，惊扰了蛇，被安分的比丘们讥嫌。
Nābhivāde na pucchanti, ahi ujjhanti pesalā.
111于是卸下伞、担在肩上，收起拖鞋，
Omuñci chattaṃ khandhe ca, atarañca paṭikkamaṃ;
112存放好钵和衣，才合宜地问讯。
Pattacīvaraṃ nikkhipā, patirūpañca pucchitā.
113清洗后的鞋、干的或湿的，应妥善处理；
Āsiñceyya dhovitena, sukkhenallenupāhanā;
114年长的应询问新来者：居住之处与行乞范围。
Vuḍḍho navako puccheyya, ajjhāvuṭṭhañca gocarā.
115小便、大便、水、手、柴火、禁制标识之后；
Sekkhā vaccā pānī pari, kattaraṃ katikaṃ tato;
116时辰、刹那污秽时，应清除地上的敷具。
Kālaṃ muhuttaṃ uklāpo, bhūmattharaṇaṃ nīhare.
117踏脚布、床垫、枕头、床、椅子以及痰盂；
Paṭipādo bhisibibbo, mañcapīṭhañca mallakaṃ;
118靠枕、天花板角落、赭色、黑色，若未做。
Apassenullokakaṇṇā, gerukā kāḷa akatā.
119垃圾与地上的敷具、踏脚布、床、椅子；
Saṅkārañca bhūmattharaṇaṃ, paṭipādakaṃ mañcapīṭhaṃ;
120床垫与坐具、痰盂以及靠枕。
Bhisi nisīdanampi, mallakaṃ apassena ca.
121把钵和衣放在地上，由这边到那边随意占用住处
Pattacīvaraṃ bhūmi ca, pārantaṃ orato bhogaṃ;
122在东、西、北、南各处乱走
Puratthimā pacchimā ca, uttarā atha dakkhiṇā.
123无论冷热、昼夜，在精舍周围和门房中都不守规矩
Sītuṇhe ca divārattiṃ, pariveṇañca koṭṭhako;
124在火堂、大厅中，以及在厕所里，完全不履行应做的行仪
Upaṭṭhānaggi sālā ca, vattaṃ vaccakuṭīsu ca.
125饮用水、杂用水、水罐和漱口水也随意处置
Pānī paribhojaniyā, kumbhi ācamanesu ca;
126由佛世尊所制定，这些是客比丘们应当遵守的行仪
Anopamena paññattaṃ, vattaṃ āgantukehime .
127他们却不提供座位，不提供水，不起立迎接，也不提供饮用水
Nevāsanaṃ na udakaṃ, na paccu na ca pāniyaṃ;
128不顶礼，不铺设坐具，因此那些具足正行的比丘们感到不满
Nābhivāde napaññape, ujjhāyanti ca pesalā.
129长老的座位、水，起身迎接后，还有饮用水；
Vuḍḍhāsanañca udakaṃ, paccuggantvā ca pāniyaṃ;
130将鞋子放在一边后，顶礼并铺开坐席。
Upāhane ekamantaṃ, abhivāde ca paññape.
131住处已住过、乞食处学处的训练者、饮用和食物的安放位置；
Vutthaṃ gocarasekkho ca, ṭhānaṃ pāniyabhojanaṃ;
132这些事务的安排、约定好的事情、适当的时机，长老应向新比丘指示，当新比丘坐着的时候。
Kattaraṃ katikaṃ kālaṃ, navakassa nisinnake.
133应当礼敬、应当告知，如同下方，同样地引导新比丘；
Abhivādaye ācikkhe, yathā heṭṭhā tathā naye;
134这些是对住处比丘的义务，已经由商队向导般的佛陀明确开示。
Niddiṭṭhaṃ satthavāhena vattaṃ āvāsikehime.
135出行比丘如果处理了木制的门栓等物，打开门窗后离去而没有询问，
Gamikā dārumatti ca, vivaritvā na pucchiya;
136这些物品会丢失，无人看管的住处会毁坏，清净的比丘们会抱怨。
Nassanti ca aguttañca, ujjhāyanti ca pesalā.
137收拾好、覆盖好后，辞行后方可离去；
Paṭisāmetvā thaketvā, āpucchitvāva pakkame;
138若无比丘，可托付给沙玛内拉、园民或近事男。
Bhikkhu vā sāmaṇero vā, ārāmiko upāsako.
139应将床椅叠放在石头上，收拾好并覆盖；
Pāsāṇakesu ca puñjaṃ, paṭisāme thakeyya ca;
140若能尽力而为，同样要确保不被雨淋。
Sace ussahati ussukkaṃ, anovasse tatheva ca.
141若全村被雨淋，在露天也当同样处理；
Sabbo ovassati gāmaṃ, ajjhokāse tatheva ca;
142即便只剩些微物件，这也是行路比丘的义务。
Appevaṅgāni seseyyuṃ, vattaṃ gamikabhikkhunā.
143不应随喜长老带着四五人丢下他离开；
Nānumodanti therena, ohāya catupañcahi;
144他从厕所出来时昏倒在地，这正是随喜义务中所发生的事。
Vaccito mucchito āsi, vattānumodanesume.
145六群比丘穿下衣不齐整，披上衣也不齐整。
Chabbaggiyā dunnivatthā, athopi ca duppārutā;
146行为没有威仪，还挤进长老比丘们中间去冒犯。
Anākappā ca vokkamma, there anupakhajjane.
147新比丘们和穿着僧伽梨衣的人，受到持戒精严的比丘们抱怨。
Nave bhikkhū ca saṅghāṭi, ujjhāyanti ca pesalā;
148应当穿下衣时形成三道圆纹，系好腰带。
Timaṇḍalaṃ nivāsetvā, kāyasaguṇagaṇṭhikā.
149穿戴遮覆得体，善加防护，眼目低垂。
Na vokkamma paṭicchannaṃ, susaṃvutokkhittacakkhu;
150不高举手臂，不大声哄笑，并避免三种晃动。
Ukkhittojjagghikāsaddo, tayo ceva pacālanā.
151不叉腰、不裹头、不蹲着走，穿戴遮覆整齐，善加防护。
Khambhoguṇṭhiukkuṭikā, paṭicchannaṃ susaṃvuto;
152眼目低垂，不抬高，不大笑，少出声音，避免三种晃动。
Okkhittukkhittaujjagghi, appasaddo tayo calā.
153不应以腿架腿，不应以手支腿而坐，不应插坐于长老间坐卧，不应驱逐他坐；
Khambhoguṇṭhipallatthi ca, anupakhajja nāsane;
154于水中铺覆，低处而行洒扫。
Ottharitvāna udake, nīcaṃ katvāna siñciyā.
155在边缘收回袈裟，接纳食物时；
Paṭi sāmantā saṅghāṭi, odane ca paṭiggahe;
156汤汁与残食，应平等遍布一切食上。
Sūpaṃ uttaribhaṅgena, sabbesaṃ samatitthi ca.
157应恭敬地知觉钵器，次第而行，汤汁亦次第摄取；
Sakkaccaṃ pattasaññī ca, sapadānañca sūpakaṃ;
158不应如塔坟般隆起覆盖，带着求取与审查的心念。
Na thūpato paṭicchāde, viññattujjhānasaññinā.
159大口如大圆门，整只手不应全塞入口中言语；
Mahantamaṇḍaladvāraṃ, sabbahattho na byāhare;
160抛掷、截断、成块状，抖落与遗留散粒之行为皆不应当。
Ukkhepo chedanāgaṇḍa, dhunaṃ sitthāvakārakaṃ.
161舌头搅动食物弄出声，吧唧吧唧作响还啧嘴；
Jivhānicchārakañceva, capucapu surusuru;
162用手抓饭、舔手乃至舔钵，接受食物时还沾着饭粒。
Hatthapattoṭṭhanillehaṃ, sāmisena paṭiggahe.
163只要还没让所有人洗完手，都得压低水瓢小心倒水；
Yāva na sabbe udake, nīcaṃ katvāna siñciyaṃ;
164在他人身旁处理袈裟时，要放低靠近地面来抖开。
Paṭi sāmantā saṅghāṭi, nīcaṃ katvā chamāya ca.
165带着饭粒转身离开时，应掩口咀嚼不鼓腮；
Sasitthakaṃ nivattante, suppaṭicchannamukkuṭi;
166这是法王所制定的，这些食堂里的行为规范。
Dhammarājena paññattaṃ, idaṃ bhattaggavattanaṃ.
167衣着不整，威仪全无，不仔细检查就冒冒失失；
Dunnivatthā anākappā, asallekkhetvā ca sahasā;
168站得过远、过近、太久或太快，托钵乞食时也一样不如法。
Dūre acca ciraṃ lahuṃ, tatheva piṇḍacāriko.
169应遮盖而行，低垂目光，摄护眼根；
Paṭicchannova gaccheyya, suṃsavutokkhittacakkhu;
170不高声嬉笑，此三事应警觉远离。
Ukkhittojjagghikāsaddo, tayo ceva pacālanā.
171不叉腰、不裹头、不蹲踞而行，审慎观察后，不仓促突然；
Khambhoguṇṭhiukkuṭikā, sallakkhetvā ca sahasā;
172不太远、不太近、不太久、不太快，就座时，汤匙亦然。
Dūre acca ciraṃ lahuṃ, āsanakaṃ kaṭacchukā.
173放置钵器，或作提示后，才移动或归位；
Bhājanaṃ vā ṭhapeti ca, uccāretvā paṇāmetvā;
174接受供养时不环顾张望，对于菜肴也是如此。
Paṭiggahe na ulloke, sūpesupi tatheva taṃ.
175比丘应以僧伽梨衣覆盖身体，应遮盖整齐而出行；
Bhikkhu saṅghāṭiyā chāde, paṭicchanneva gacchiyaṃ;
176摄护诸根，低垂目光，并远离高声嬉笑；
Saṃvutokkhittacakkhu ca, ukkhittojjagghikāya ca;
177不应高声喧哗，不应有三种摇摆，不应拄杖，不应覆头，不应蹲踞而坐。
Appasaddo tayo cālā, khambhoguṇṭhikaukkuṭi.
178应礼敬首座，善用饮用水与洗用水。
Paṭhamāsanavakkāra , pāniyaṃ paribhojanī;
179应待众人之后而食，应覆盖钵食，然后取出食用。
Pacchākaṅkhati bhuñjeyya, opilāpeyya uddhare.
180应收藏器具，应打扫净处，将空钵安置妥当。
Paṭisāmeyya sammajje, rittaṃ tucchaṃ upaṭṭhape;
181不应做各种手势，这是乞食比丘的义务。
Hatthavikāre bhindeyya, vattidaṃ piṇḍacārike.
182不应谈论饮水、火、星宿、方位以及盗贼之类。
Pānī pari aggiraṇi, nakkhattadisacorā ca;
183不应说“一切都无”而击打钵，然后应妥善收好衣钵。
Sabbaṃ natthīti koṭṭetvā, pattaṃse cīvaraṃ tato.
184然后将衣挂在肩上，令衣成三层圆形，周正圆满。
Idāni aṃse laggetvā, timaṇḍalaṃ parimaṇḍalaṃ;
185正如乞食的行仪，也适用于住在野外者。
Yathā piṇḍacārivattaṃ, naye āraññakesupi.
186当知钵与衣，置于头顶上；
Pattaṃse cīvaraṃ sīse, ārohitvā ca pāniyaṃ;
187饮用水、日用净水、火种，以及钻火棍和引火杖。
Paribhojaniyaṃ aggi, araṇī cāpi kattaraṃ.
188应当善巧了知星宿，连同方位地域，乃至方向也当通达；
Nakkhattaṃ sappadesaṃ vā, disāpi kusalo bhave;
189这是无上调御者所制定的，住在野外者应遵守的行仪。
Sattuttamena paññattaṃ, vattaṃ āraññakesume.
190他们在露天丢弃秽物，精勤比丘们对此抱怨不满。
Ajjhokāse okiriṃsu, ujjhāyanti ca pesalā;
191如果住处污秽脏乱，先安置好钵与衣。
Sace vihāro uklāpo, paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ.
192褥垫、枕头、床榻，以及椅座和痰盂；
Bhisibibbohanaṃ mañcaṃ, pīṭhañca kheḷamallakaṃ;
193靠背垫、低垂眼、黄赭色与黑色的未完工物品。
Apassenullokakaṇṇā, gerukā kāḷa akatā.
194比丘住所附近的垃圾，以及住处用水；
Saṅkāraṃ bhikkhusāmantā, senāvihārapāniyaṃ;
195日用品附近，还有有遮蔽的院子。
Paribhojanasāmantā, paṭivāte ca aṅgaṇe.
196在背风处铺设卧具、带脚凳的床、
Adhovāte attharaṇaṃ, paṭipādakamañco ca;
197椅子、床垫、坐垫、痰盂、靠枕，
Pīṭhaṃ bhisi nisīdanaṃ, mallakaṃ apassena ca.
198衣钵和地面，从近处到远处享用；
Pattacīvaraṃ bhūmi ca, pārantaṃ orato bhogaṃ;
199东方、西方、北方与南方，
Puratthimā ca pacchimā, uttarā atha dakkhiṇā.
200冷热之时与昼夜、走廊和小屋。
Sītuṇhe ca divā rattiṃ, pariveṇañca koṭṭhako;
201集会堂、厕所与饮用水。
Upaṭṭhānaggisālā ca, vaccakuṭī ca pāniyaṃ.
202净手壶、恭敬长老，以及问诵与复习。
Ācamanakumbhi vuḍḍhe ca, uddesapucchanā sajjhā;
203法如灯火，应当点燃，既不要掀开也不要隐藏。
Dhammo padīpaṃ vijjhāpe, na vivare napi thake.
204当长老转身时，哪怕是用耳朵也不应碰触。
Yena vuḍḍho parivatti, kaṇṇenapi na ghaṭṭaye;
205大雄为住处制定了那些行仪。
Paññapesi mahāvīro, vattaṃ senāsanesu taṃ.
206受到阻挠时，他们冲撞门，良善者（也这样）抱怨。
Nivāriyamānā dvāraṃ, mucchitujjhanti pesalā;
207应丢弃灰烬，擦地布也一样要处理。
Chārikaṃ chaḍḍaye jantā, paribhaṇḍaṃ tatheva ca.
208周廊、门楼、会堂，以及石灰泥槽。
Pariveṇaṃ koṭṭhako sālā, cuṇṇamattikadoṇikā;
209不可在长老比丘面前抢先。
Mukhaṃ purato na there, na nave ussahati sace.
210不可在前面高处、泥泞处或小凳上(清理)。
Purato uparimaggo, cikkhallaṃ matti pīṭhakaṃ;
211应当告知并盖好(便器)后，在浴室中履行义务。
Vijjhāpetvā thaketvā ca, vattaṃ jantāgharesume.
212不可唐突地强行越过按法腊排列的长老，也不可(打乱)顺序。
Nācameti yathāvuḍḍhaṃ, paṭipāṭi ca sahasā;
213不可将痰、粪、尿丢弃于水中或(用来擦拭的)木片上。
Ubbhaji nitthuno kaṭṭhaṃ, vaccaṃ passāva kheḷakaṃ.
214不可唐突地用力拍击或发出粗重的声音，不可在其他(比丘)还没结束时就起身(弄出动静)。
Pharusā kūpa sahasā, ubbhaji capu sesena;
215在内外皆不可粗重地咳嗽，也不可匆忙地拉拽(冲洗用的)绳索。
Bahi anto ca ukkāse, rajju ataramānañca.
216在其他(比丘)还蹲着时就突然起身，或是匆忙地丢弃(擦拭的)木片和粪便。
Sahasā ubbhaji ṭhite, nitthune kaṭṭha vaccañca;
217小便、唾液和粗劣之物，还有粪坑和便鞋。
Passāva kheḷa pharusā, kūpañca vaccapāduke.
218不应匆忙起身，不应让木屐发出啪嗒声响；
Nātisahasā ubbhaji, pādukāya capucapu;
219不倚靠、不覆盖，也不用粗干草和湿泥块。
Na sesaye paṭicchāde, uhatapidharena ca.
220厕所的清洁区域、庭院和厕所小屋；
Vaccakuṭī paribhaṇḍaṃ, pariveṇañca koṭṭhako;
221清洗用的水，这些是有关厕所的义务。
Ācamane ca udakaṃ, vattaṃ vaccakuṭīsume.
222便鞋、齿木、漱口水和座位；
Upāhanā dantakaṭṭhaṃ, mukhodakañca āsanaṃ;
223粥、饮用水，清洗后，还有上高处的拍打、去村庄等。
Yāgu udakaṃ dhovitvā, uddhāruklāpa gāma ca.
224下裙、腰带、叠衣和洗钵水；
Nivāsanā kāyabandhā, saguṇaṃ pattasodakaṃ;
225应在后面缠三圈，并在前面圆整地系好绑带。
Pacchā timaṇḍalo ceva, parimaṇḍala bandhanaṃ.
226洗净后，要在不太远处接住。
Saguṇaṃ dhovitvā pacchā, nātidūre paṭiggahe;
227当有人正在说法时，若有人抢先去坐座位，这是犯戒。
Bhaṇamānassa āpatti, paṭhamāgantvāna āsanaṃ.
228应备好水、凳子和脚垫，起身迎接并提供坐处。
Udakaṃ pīṭhakathali, paccuggantvā nivāsanaṃ;
229在太阳下晒时应放置好衣物；在低处进食时应弯下身子。
Otāpe nidahi bhaṅgo, obhoge bhuñjitu name.
230饮用水和洗用水不应放在低处，哪怕片刻也不应存放。
Pānīyaṃ udakaṃ nīcaṃ, muhuttaṃ na ca nidahe;
231不应把钵和衣放在地上，也不应在远处或近处随意放置。
Pattacīvaraṃ bhūmi ca, pārantaṃ orato bhogaṃ.
232应掏出污物，应整理清洁，为了洗澡要清除垃圾。
Uddhare paṭisāme ca, uklāpo ca nahāyituṃ;
233冷、热、温室、粉、黏土，从凳子取来。
Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ jantāgharaṃ, cuṇṇaṃ mattika piṭṭhito.
234凳子、衣、粉、黏土，他托起面部。
Pīṭhañca cīvaraṃ cuṇṇaṃ, mattikussahati mukhaṃ;
235前方有长老与新学，作完准备后应离去。
Purato there nave ca, parikammañca nikkhame.
236于前方水中沐浴后，穿着好，向戒师而行。
Purato udake nhāte, nivāsetvā upajjhāyaṃ;
237下裙、僧伽梨衣，小凳与座位。
Nivāsanañca saṅghāṭi, pīṭhakaṃ āsanena ca.
238脚、凳、垫、饮水，以及处所的询问。
Pādo pīṭhaṃ kathaliñca, pānīyuddesapucchanā;
239应先清扫杂物，再处理钵与衣。
Uklāpaṃ susodheyya, paṭhamaṃ pattacīvaraṃ.
240坐具、覆布、床垫、枕头。
Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṃ, bhisi bibbohanāni ca;
241床、椅子、脚凳、痰盂和靠枕。
Mañco pīṭhaṃ paṭipādaṃ, mallakaṃ apassena ca.
242地面的延伸、光亮，赭石与黑色未造的部分；
Bhūma santāna āloka, gerukā kāḷa akatā;
243地面铺设物、脚凳，床、椅子、枕头。
Bhūmattharapaṭipādā, mañco pīṭhaṃ bibbohanaṃ.
244坐垫、痰盂、靠枕，钵与衣。
Nisīdattharaṇaṃ kheḷa, apasse pattacīvaraṃ;
245东方、西方，然后北方、南方。
Puratthimā pacchimā ca, uttarā atha dakkhiṇā.
246冷、暖以及昼、夜，还有天井与库房；
Sītuṇhañca divā rattiṃ, pariveṇañca koṭṭhako;
247火堂、净房、饮用水与食物。
Upaṭṭhānaggisālā ca, vaccapāniyabhojanī.
248漱洗、不乐住、焦虑、邪见及重；
Ācamaṃ anabhirati, kukkuccaṃ diṭṭhi ca garu;
249（应知）根本别住、出罪、呵责羯磨、依止羯磨。
Mūlamānattaabbhānaṃ, tajjanīyaṃ niyassakaṃ.
250如果作了驱出羯磨、令忆念羯磨、灭摈羯磨；
Pabbāja paṭisāraṇī, ukkhepañca kataṃ yadi;
251应当洗净尘垢，并在尘垢处翻动（衣物）。
Dhove kātabbaṃ rajañca, raje samparivattakaṃ.
252关于钵与衣，以及资具的割截；
Pattañca cīvarañcāpi, parikkhārañca chedanaṃ;
253准备工作与承事，然后才入村乞食。
Parikammaṃ veyyāvaccaṃ, pacchā piṇḍaṃ pavisanaṃ.
254不应前往坟场和某些方向，应终生奉侍（戒师）。
Na susānaṃ disā ceva, yāvajīvaṃ upaṭṭhahe;
255这是共住弟子对于戒师们的行仪。
Saddhivihārikenetaṃ, vattupajjhāyakesume.
256教诫、教导、指示、问询，以及关于钵和衣的事项。
Ovādasāsanuddesā, pucchā pattañca cīvaraṃ;
257关于资具和病人的行仪，以及不做随行沙门的行仪。
Parikkhāro gilāno ca, na pacchāsamaṇo bhave.
258对于戒师们有哪些应尽的义务，对于老师们也是如此；
Upajjhāyesu ye vattā, evaṃ ācariyesupi;
259对于共住弟子有哪些应尽的义务，对于依止弟子也是如此。
Saddhivihārike vattā, tatheva antevāsike.
260对于客比丘们有哪些应尽的义务，还有对于住处比丘们也是如此；
Āgantukesu ye vattā, puna āvāsikesu ca;
261行路比丘的义务、随喜的义务，食堂中的义务、乞食比丘的义务。
Gamikānumodanikā, bhattagge piṇḍacārike.
262对于住阿兰若者们如何行仪，以及对于座卧处如何行仪；
Āraññakesu yaṃ vattaṃ, yañca senāsanesupi;
263浴室和厕所的行仪，戒师对共住弟子的行仪；
Jantāghare vaccakuṭī, upajjhā saddhivihārike.
264对于老师们如何行仪，对于依止弟子也是如此；
Ācariyesu yaṃ vattaṃ, tatheva antevāsike;
265十九种事，十四篇犍度中的行仪。
Ekūnavīsati vatthū, vattā cuddasa khandhake.
266不圆满行仪的人，就不能圆满戒；
Vattaṃ aparipūrento, na sīlaṃ paripūrati;
267戒不清净、智慧薄弱的人，无法获得心一境性；
Asuddhasīlo duppañño, cittekaggaṃ na vindati.
268内心散乱、无法专一的人，看不见正法；
Vikkhittacittonekaggo, sammā dhammaṃ na passati;
269看不见正法的人，就不能从苦中解脱。
Apassamāno saddhammaṃ, dukkhā na parimuccati.
270若圆满这行仪，戒也就得以圆满；
Yaṃ vattaṃ paripūrento, sīlampi paripūrati;
271戒清净、具足智慧的人，能获得心一境性；
Visuddhasīlo sappañño, cittekaggampi vindati.
272内心不散乱、专一的人，能洞见正法；
Avikkhittacitto ekaggo, sammā dhammaṃ vipassati;
273看见正法的人，从苦中解脱。
Sampassamāno saddhammaṃ, dukkhā so parimuccati.
274因此，明辨的胜者之子，应当圆满行仪；
Tasmā hi vattaṃ pūreyya, jinaputto vicakkhaṇo;
275圆满最胜佛陀的教诫，由此他将证得涅槃。
Ovādaṃ buddhaseṭṭhassa, tato nibbānamehitīti.
296行仪篇完
Vattakkhandhakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.