6. 住所篇集
6. 住所篇集
6. Senāsanakkhandhakaṃ
11. 第一诵品
1. Paṭhamabhāṇavāro
2允许住所
Vihārānujānanaṃ
294那时，佛世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀园。那时，世尊还没有为比丘们制定住所的规定。那些比丘们就住在各处——林子里、树脚下、山上、峡谷中、山窟中、坟场中、密林中、露天地、草堆上。他们一大早从这些地方走出来——从林中、树脚、山间、峡谷、山窟、坟场、密林、露天、草堆，以令人悦意的进、悦意的退，以悦意的瞻视、悦意的环视，以悦意的屈伸，垂目而行，威仪具足。那时，王舍城长者一大早就去了园林。王舍城长者看见那些比丘们一大早从这些地方走出来——从林中、树脚、山间、峡谷、山窟、坟场、密林、露天、草堆，以令人悦意的进、悦意的退，悦意的瞻视、悦意的环视，悦意的屈伸，垂目而行，威仪具足。看见之后，他的心净信生起。于是，王舍城长者走近那些比丘，走近后对那些比丘这样说：‘大德们，如果我建造住所，你们愿意住在我的住所里吗？’‘居士，世尊还没有允许住所。’‘既然这样，大德们，请你们请示世尊后告诉我。’‘好的，居士。’那些比丘们答应了王舍城长者后，就去见世尊，顶礼世尊后坐在一边。坐在一边后，那些比丘对世尊说：‘大德，王舍城长者想建造住所。大德，我们应该如何做？’于是，世尊以此因缘、以此事由作了法谈后，对比丘们说：‘比丘们，我允许五种住处：住所、平顶屋、楼屋、楼房、山洞。’
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṃ senāsanaṃ apaññattaṃ hoti. Te ca bhikkhū tahaṃ tahaṃ viharanti – araññe, rukkhamūle, pabbate, kandarāyaṃ, giriguhāyaṃ, susāne, vanapatthe, ajjhokāse, palālapuñje. Te kālasseva tato tato upanikkhamanti – araññā rukkhamūlā pabbatā kandarā giriguhā susānā vanapatthā ajjhokāsā palālapuñjā, pāsādikena abhikkantena paṭikkantena, ālokitena vilokitena, samiñjitena pasāritena, okkhittacakkhū, iriyāpathasampannā. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahako seṭṭhī kālasseva uyyānaṃ agamāsi. Addasā kho rājagahako seṭṭhī te bhikkhū kālasseva tato tato upanikkhamante – araññā rukkhamūlā pabbatā kandarā giriguhā susānā vanapatthā ajjhokāsā palālapuñjā, pāsādikena abhikkantena paṭikkantena, ālokitena vilokitena, samiñjitena pasāritena, okkhittacakkhū, iriyāpathasampanne. Disvānassa cittaṃ pasīdi. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘sacāhaṃ, bhante, vihāre kārāpeyyaṃ, vaseyyātha me vihāresū’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, gahapati, bhagavatā vihārā anuññātā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, bhagavantaṃ paṭipucchitvā mama āroceyyāthā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ gahapatī’’ti kho te bhikkhū rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘rājagahako, bhante, seṭṭhī vihāre kārāpetukāmo. Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, amhehi paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca leṇāni – vihāraṃ, aḍḍhayogaṃ, pāsādaṃ, hammiyaṃ, guha’’nti.
2于是，那些比丘来到王舍城长者那里，对王舍城长者说：‘居士，世尊已经允许住所了，现在您可以考虑适时动工了。’于是，王舍城长者在一天之内就把六十座住所建起来了。王舍城长者把那六十座住所全部建成后，来见世尊，顶礼世尊后坐在一边。坐在一边的王舍城长者对世尊说：‘大德，请世尊和比丘僧团明天接受我的饭食。’世尊以沉默应允。王舍城长者知道世尊应允后，从座起身，向世尊顶礼，右绕后离去。
Atha kho te bhikkhū yena rājagahako seṭṭhī tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘anuññātā kho, gahapati, bhagavatā vihārā; yassadāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī ekāheneva saṭṭhivihāre patiṭṭhāpesi. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī te saṭṭhivihāre pariyosāpetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
3那一夜过后，王舍城长者让人准备了美味的硬食和软食，并差人向世尊通报时间：‘大德，时间到了，饭食已经备好。’于是，世尊在午前时分穿好下衣，拿起钵与衣，来到王舍城长者的住处，到了以后在铺设好的座位上与比丘僧团一起坐下。那时，王舍城长者亲手用美味的硬食和软食供养以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，令他们饱足满意，等到世尊用过饭食、放下钵、手不再拿钵时，他坐在一边。坐在一边的王舍城长者对世尊说：‘大德，这六十座住所是我这个希求福德、希求天界的人建造的。大德，我应当如何对待这些住所呢？’‘那么，居士，你应当把这六十座住所献给来自四方的、已来或未来的僧团。’‘是的，大德。’王舍城长者答应世尊后，便把这六十座住所献给了来自四方的、已来或未来的僧团。
Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ, ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ete me, bhante, saṭṭhivihārā puññatthikena saggatthikena kārāpitā. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, tesu vihāresu paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, gahapati, te saṭṭhivihāre āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavato paṭissutvā te saṭṭhivihāre āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpesi.
295那时，世尊用这些偈颂为王舍城长者随喜：
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –
7‘它能抵御寒暑，由此也能抵挡猛兽；
‘‘Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ paṭihanti , tato vāḷamigāni ca;
8还有蛇，还有蚊虫，以及冷季的雨水。
Sarīsape ca makase, sisire cāpi vuṭṭhiyo.
9由此，那生起的可怕热风与烈日也被它挡住；
‘‘Tato vātātapo ghore, sañjāto paṭihaññati;
10这是为了庇护、为了安乐，也为了禅修与观照。’
Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, jhāyituñca vipassituṃ.
11对僧团布施住所，被佛陀称赞为最上。
‘‘Vihāradānaṃ saṅghassa, aggaṃ buddhena vaṇṇitaṃ;
12因此，确实，智者，看见自己利益的人，
Tasmā hi paṇḍito, poso sampassaṃ atthamattano.
13应建造令人愉悦的住所，在这里安住多闻者；
‘‘Vihāre kāraye ramme, vāsayettha bahussute;
14向那些正直者供予食物、饮料、衣服和卧具。
Tesaṃ annañca pānañca, vatthasenāsanāni ca;
15对他们，以清净的信心，
Dadeyya ujubhūtesu, vippasannena cetasā.
16他们为那人教导法，那能去除一切苦的法；
‘‘Te tassa dhammaṃ desenti, sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṃ;
17他在此证知了那法后，便无漏而般涅槃。
Yaṃ so dhammaṃ idhaññāya, parinibbāti anāsavo’’ti.
5那时，世尊用这些偈颂向王舍城长者随喜后，从座起身离开了。
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
296那些人们听说了——‘听说世尊已经允许住处了’，就恭恭敬敬地建造精舍。这些精舍没有门扇，蛇、蝎子、蜈蚣都爬了进去。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许安装门扇。’他们在墙上挖了洞，用蔓草或绳子绑上门扇，却被老鼠和白蚁啃咬。门扇因为绑绳被咬断而掉落。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许安装门框、门臼和门楣。’门扇扣不拢。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许安装门闩孔和门闩绳。’门扇关不严。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许安装门闩杆、门柄头、门钉和门扣。’
Assosuṃ kho manussā – ‘‘bhagavatā kira vihārā anuññātā’’ti sakkaccaṃ vihāre kārāpenti. Te vihārā akavāṭakā honti; ahīpi vicchikāpi satapadiyopi pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭa’’nti. Bhittichiddaṃ karitvā valliyāpi rajjuyāpi kavāṭaṃ bandhanti. Undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjanti. Khayitabandhanāni kavāṭāni patanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsaka’’nti . Kavāṭā na phusīyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āviñchanacchiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Kavāṭā na thakiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭika’’nti.
7就在那个时候，比丘们没法打开门扇。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许安装锁孔。有三种锁：金属锁、木锁和牛角锁。’他们用这些锁开门进去之后，精舍就没办法看守了。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许安装锁装置和钥匙。’
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū na sakkonti kavāṭaṃ apāpurituṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāḷacchiddaṃ. Tīṇi tāḷāni – lohatāḷaṃ, kaṭṭhatāḷaṃ, visāṇatāḷa’’nti. Yehi te ugghāṭetvā pavisanti , vihārā aguttā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yantakaṃ sūcika’’nti.
8就在那个时候，精舍都是草顶的，冷天很冷，热天很热。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许把草捆扎起来，然后里外涂上泥。’
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā tiṇacchadanā honti; sītakāle sītā, uṇhakāle uṇhā. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātu’’nti.
9就在那个时候，精舍没有窗户，光线昏暗，气味难闻。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许三种窗户：栏杆窗、网窗和棂窗。’在窗格的缝隙中，乌鸦和蝙蝠飞了进来。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许安装窗板。’在窗板的缝隙中，乌鸦和蝙蝠还是飞了进来。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许安装窗扇和窗垫。’
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā avātapānakā honti acakkhussā duggandhā. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tīṇi vātapānāni – vedikāvātapānaṃ, jālavātapānaṃ, salākavātapāna’’nti. Vātapānantarikāya kāḷakāpi vagguliyopi pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vātapānacakkalika’’nti. Cakkalikantarikāyapi kāḷakāpi vagguliyopi pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vātapānakavāṭakaṃ vātapānabhisika’’nti.
10就在那个时候，比丘们直接睡在地上，身体和袈裟都沾满了尘土。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许铺草垫。’草垫被老鼠和白蚁啃咬。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许砌土台床。’睡在土台床上，身体硌得难受。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许用木板床。’
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū chamāyaṃ sayanti. Gattānipi cīvarānipi paṃsukitāni honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tiṇasanthāraka’’nti. Tiṇasanthārako undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, miḍḍhi’’nti . Miḍḍhiyā gattāni dukkhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bidalamañcaka’’nti.
24允许床椅等
Mañcapīṭhādianujānanaṃ
297就在那个时候，僧团得到了一张来自墓地的阿摩勒木板床。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许使用阿摩勒木板床。’后来又得到了一张阿摩勒木凳。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许使用阿摩勒木凳。’
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko masārako mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, masārakaṃ mañca’’nti. Masārakaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, masārakaṃ pīṭha’’nti.
12就在那个时候，僧团得到了一张来自墓地的绑扎板床。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许使用绑扎板床。’后来又得到了一张绑扎板凳。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许使用绑扎板凳。’
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko bundikābaddho mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bundikābaddhaṃ mañca’’nti. Bundikābaddhaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bundikābaddhaṃ pīṭha’’nti.
13就在那个时候，僧团得到了一张来自墓地的弯腿板床。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许使用弯腿板床。’后来又得到了一张弯腿板凳。他们把这回事禀告了世尊。‘诸比丘，我允许使用弯腿板凳。’
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko kuḷīrapādako mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave , kuḷīrapādakaṃ mañca’’nti. Kuḷīrapādakaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave , kuḷīrapādakaṃ pīṭha’’nti.
14那时，僧团得到了一张靠近坟场才用的、贴地的床。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用贴地的床。”又出现了一张贴地的凳子。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用贴地的凳子。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko āhaccapādako mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ orācesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āhaccapādakaṃ mañca’’nti. Āhaccapādakaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āhaccapādakaṃ pīṭha’’nti.
15那时，僧团得到了一张靠背椅。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用靠背椅。”又出现了一张高靠背椅。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，也允许用高靠背椅。”出现了一张七支椅。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用七支椅。”又出现了一张高七支椅。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，也允许用高七支椅。”出现了一张吉祥凳。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用吉祥凳。”出现了一张小板凳。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用小板凳。”出现了一张羊脚凳。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用羊脚凳。”出现了一张余甘子圈凳。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用余甘子圈凳。”出现了一块木板。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用木板。”出现了一把草刷座。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用草刷座。”出现了一张草秸凳。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用草秸凳。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa āsandiko uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āsandika’’nti. Uccako āsandiko uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccakampi āsandika’’nti. Sattaṅgo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sattaṅga’’nti. Uccako sattaṅgo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccakampi sattaṅga’’nti. Bhaddapīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhaddapīṭha’’nti. Pīṭhikā uppannā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pīṭhika’’nti. Eḷakapādakaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, eḷakapādakaṃ pīṭha’’nti. Āmalakavaṭṭikaṃ pīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āmalakavaṭṭikaṃ pīṭha’’nti. Phalakaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phalaka’’nti. Kocchaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koccha’’nti. Palālapīṭhaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, palālapīṭha’’nti.
16那时，六群比丘睡在高床上。人们巡行寺院时看到了，就批评、指责、非议说：“就像在家的享乐者一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不许睡高床。如果谁睡了，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ucce mañce sayanti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ucce mañce sayitabbaṃ. Yo sayeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
17那时，有一位比丘睡在低床上，被蛇咬了。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用床脚。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu nīce mañce sayanto ahinā daṭṭho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mañcapaṭipādaka’’nti.
18那时，六群比丘用很高的床脚，连床脚一起整个摇晃。人们巡行寺院时看到了，就批评、指责、非议说：“就像在家的享乐者一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不许用高床脚。如果谁用了，犯恶作。诸比丘，允许床脚最高到八指。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ucce mañcapaṭipādake dhārenti, saha mañcapaṭipādakehi pavedhenti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccā mañcapaṭipādakā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgulaparamaṃ mañcapaṭipādaka’’nti.
19那时，僧团得到了一些线绳。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用线绳缠绕床。”床框消耗了很多线绳。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许在床框上凿孔后，用棋盘格的方式缠绕。”出现了一些布块。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许做床垫。”出现了一些棉絮。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许拆散后做成枕头。有三种棉絮：树棉、藤棉、布棉。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa suttaṃ uppannaṃ hoti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, suttaṃ mañcaṃ veṭhetu’’nti . Aṅgāni bahusuttaṃ pariyādiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṅge vijjhitvā aṭṭhapadakaṃ veṭhetu’’nti. Coḷakaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cimilikaṃ kātu’’nti. Tūlikā uppannā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vijaṭetvā bibbohanaṃ kātuṃ. Tīṇi tūlāni – rukkhatūlaṃ, latātūlaṃ, poṭakitūla’’nti.
20那时，六群比丘用半身那么大的枕头。人们巡行寺院时看到了，就批评、指责、非议说：“就像在家的享乐者一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不许用半身大的枕头。如果谁用了，犯恶作。诸比丘，允许做头那么大的枕头。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū addhakāyikāni bibbohanāni dhārenti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, aḍḍhakāyikāni bibbohanāni dhāretabbāni. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sīsappamāṇaṃ bibbohanaṃ kātu’’nti.
21那时，在王舍城有一个山上节庆。人们为大臣们准备了各种垫褥：羊毛垫、布垫、树皮纤维垫、草垫、树叶垫。节庆结束后，他们把外皮剥下带走了。比丘们在庆典场看到大量被丢弃的羊毛、布块、树皮纤维、草和树叶。看见之后，他们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许用五种垫褥：羊毛垫、布垫、树皮纤维垫、草垫、树叶垫。”
Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe giraggasamajjo hoti. Manussā mahāmattānaṃ atthāya bhisiyo paṭiyādenti – uṇṇabhisiṃ, coḷabhisiṃ, vākabhisiṃ, tiṇabhisiṃ, paṇṇabhisiṃ. Te vītivatte samajje chaviṃ uppāṭetvā haranti. Addasāsuṃ kho bhikkhū samajjaṭṭhāne bahuṃ uṇṇampi coḷakampi vākampi tiṇampi paṇṇampi chaṭṭitaṃ. Disvāna bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca bhisiyo – uṇṇabhisiṃ, coḷabhisiṃ, vākabhisiṃ, tiṇabhisiṃ, paṇṇabhisi’’nti.
22那时，僧团得到了一块用作卧具配件的布料。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许把这布料覆盖在床垫上。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhārikaṃ dussaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhisiṃ onandhitu’’nti .
23那时，诸比丘把床垫铺在椅子上，把椅垫铺在床上。垫子因此损坏。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用有固定衬垫的床和有固定衬垫的椅子。” 他们不先查看就铺上垫子，结果从下方掉下来……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许先查看，铺好之后，再覆盖床垫。” 有人把垫子的表皮撕掉后拿走……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许缝上镶边。” 还是有人拿走……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许缝上缘饰。” 还是有人拿走……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许缝上手持的缘饰。” 还是有人拿走……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许做一个把手。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcabhisiṃ pīṭhe santharanti, pīṭhabhisiṃ mañce santharanti. Bhisiyo paribhijjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, onaddhamañcaṃ onaddhapīṭha’’nti. Ullokaṃ akaritvā santharanti, heṭṭhato nipatanti …pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ullokaṃ karitvā santharitvā bhisiṃ onandhitu’’nti. Chaviṃ uppāṭetvā haranti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phositu’’nti. Harantiyeva…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattikamma’’nti. Harantiyeva…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, hatthabhattikamma’’nti. Harantiyeva…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, hatthabhatti’’nti.
38允许白色等
Setavaṇṇādianujānanaṃ
298那时，外道们的住处有白色的涂饰，地面做了黑色处理，墙壁做了红土色的粉刷。很多人前去参观他们的住处。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许在住处进行白色涂饰、黑色涂饰和红土色粉刷。”
Tena kho pana samayena titthiyānaṃ seyyāyo setavaṇṇā honti, kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi, gerukaparikammakatā bhitti. Bahū manussā seyyāpekkhakā gacchanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāre setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikamma’’nti .
25那时，在粗糙的墙壁上，白涂料挂不住。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许先敷上一层谷壳泥，用手抹平后，再涂上白涂料。” 白涂料还是粘不牢……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许先敷上一层细黏土，用手抹平后，再涂上白涂料。” 白涂料还是粘不牢……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用掺了糖浆的面粉糊来做底。”
Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhittiyā setavaṇṇo na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā setavaṇṇaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Setavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṇhamattikaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā setavaṇṇaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Setavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ikkāsaṃ piṭṭhamadda’’nti.
26那时，在粗糙的墙壁上，红土涂料挂不住。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许先敷上一层谷壳泥，用手抹平后，再涂上红土涂料。” 红土涂料还是粘不牢……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许先敷上一层米糠黏土，用手抹平后，再涂上红土涂料。” 红土涂料还是粘不牢……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许加入芥子粉和少许油。” 结果变得过多……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用布块把它擦掉。”
Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhittiyā gerukā na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā gerukaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Gerukā anibandhanīyā hoti …pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kuṇḍakamattikaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā gerukaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Gerukā anibandhanīyā hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sāsapakuṭṭaṃ sitthatelaka’’nti. Accussannaṃ hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, coḷakena paccuddharitu’’nti.
27那时，在粗糙的地面上，黑涂料挂不住。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许先敷上一层谷壳泥，用手抹平后，再涂上黑涂料。” 黑涂料还是粘不牢……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许先敷上一层疙瘩黏土，用手抹平后，再涂上黑涂料。” 黑涂料还是粘不牢……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用掺了糖浆的诃子汁来做底。”
Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhūmiyā kāḷavaṇṇo na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā kāḷavaṇṇaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Kāḷavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gaṇḍumattikaṃ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā kāḷavaṇṇaṃ nipātetu’’nti. Kāḷavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ikkāsaṃ kasāva’’nti.
43拒绝灵感心
Paṭibhānacittapaṭikkhepaṃ
299那时，六群比丘让人在住处绘制各种图画——女人像、男人像。人们四处巡视住处时看见了，便讥讽、批评、指责说：“就跟那些在家享受欲乐的人一样。” 比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不可以让人绘制各种图画——女人像、男人像。如果让人绘制，犯恶作。诸比丘，我允许绘制花鬘图案、藤蔓图案、鳄鱼齿图案和五条纹饰。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vihāre paṭibhānacittaṃ kārāpenti – itthirūpakaṃ purisarūpakaṃ. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, paṭibhānacittaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ – itthirūpakaṃ purisarūpakaṃ. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭika’’nti.
45允许砖堆等
Iṭṭhakācayādianujānanaṃ
300那时，有些住处的地基太低，被水淹没。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许把地基加高。” 加高的台基坍塌了……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用三种方式来垒筑高台——用砖垒筑、用石头垒筑、用木头垒筑。” 往上登的时候感到困难……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许做三种阶梯——砖阶梯、石阶梯、木阶梯。” 往上登的时候会摔下来……世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许安装扶手横杆。”
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā nīcavatthukā honti, udakena otthariyyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti.
30那时，住所没有遮挡，空空荡荡。比丘们不好意思躺下。他们就把这件事禀报给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用遮蔽物。”他们掀起遮蔽物往外看……“诸比丘，我允许做半墙。”半墙上面还能看到外面……“诸比丘，我允许三种房间——轿式房、筒式房、顶阁房。”
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā āḷakamandā honti . Bhikkhū hiriyanti nipajjituṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tirokaraṇi’’nti. Tirokaraṇiṃ ukkhipitvā olokenti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave , aḍḍhakuṭṭaka’’nti. Aḍḍhakuṭṭakā uparito olokenti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo gabbhe – sivikāgabbhaṃ, nāḷikāgabbhaṃ, hammiyagabbha’’nti.
31那时，比丘们在小住所的正中间建房间，结果没了走动的空间。他们就把这件事禀报给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许小住所房间靠一边建，大住所房间建在正中间。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū khuddake vihāre majjhe gabbhaṃ karonti. Upacāro na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, khuddake vihāre ekamantaṃ gabbhaṃ kātuṃ, mahallake majjhe’’ti.
32那时，住所的墙基坏了。他们就把这件事禀报给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用基座垫脚。”住所的墙漏水了……“诸比丘，我允许用挡水席和外面涂抹灰泥。”
Tena kho pana samayena vihārassa kuṭṭapādo jīrati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, kulaṅkapādaka’’nti . Vihārassa kuṭṭo ovassati…pe…‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parittāṇakiṭikaṃ uddasudha’’nti .
33那时，一位比丘在草盖的住所里，有条蛇掉到他背上。他吓坏了，惊叫出声。比丘们跑过去，问那位比丘说：“贤友，你为什么惊叫？”那位比丘就把这事告诉了比丘们。比丘们把这件事禀报给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许张挂天盖。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno tiṇacchadanā ahi khandhe patati. So bhīto vissaramakāsi. Bhikkhū upadhāvitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, āvuso, vissaramakāsī’’ti? Atha kho so bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vitāna’’nti.
34那时，比丘们把袋子挂在床脚、凳脚上，结果被老鼠和白蚁咬了。他们就把这件事禀报给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许在墙上钉木钉和挂钩。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcapādepi pīṭhapādepi thavikāyo laggenti. Undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhittikhilaṃ nāgadantaka’’nti.
35那时，比丘们把衣服放在床上、凳子上，衣服就磨破了。他们就把这件事禀报给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许在住所里设晾衣竿和晾衣绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcepi pīṭhepi cīvaraṃ nikkhipanti. Cīvaraṃ paribhijjiti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāre cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti .
36那时，住所没有门廊，没有依靠的感觉。他们就把这件事禀报给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许建门廊、前庭、中庭和后室。”门廊建好后敞着，比丘们不好意思躺下……“诸比丘，我允许用可以拉动的席子和可以掀开的席子。”
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā anāḷindakā honti appaṭissaraṇā. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āḷindaṃ paghanaṃ pakuṭṭaṃ osāraka’’nti. Āḷindā pākaṭā honti. Bhikkhū hiriyanti nipajjituṃ…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṃsaraṇakiṭikaṃ ugghāṭanakiṭika’’nti.
54允许侍奉堂
Upaṭṭhānasālāanujānanaṃ
301那时，比丘们在露天的地方排大小便，被冷和热折腾得难受。他们就把这件事禀报给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许建食堂。”食堂地势太低，被水淹了……“诸比丘，我允许垫高地基。”砌起来的边缘塌了……“诸比丘，我允许用三种材料砌边——砖砌、石砌、木砌。”往上走的时候很吃力……“诸比丘，我允许做三种梯阶——砖阶、石阶、木阶。”往上走的时候滑倒……“诸比丘，我允许装扶手栏杆。”食堂顶上往下掉草屑灰尘……“诸比丘，我允许先装顶棚再涂灰抹平——可以做成白色、黑色、赭土磨光、花鬘彩绘、藤蔓纹饰、鱼牙图案、五重布饰、晾衣竿、晾衣绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ajjhokāse bhattavissaggaṃ karontā sītenapi uṇhenapi kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, upaṭṭhānasāla’’nti. Upaṭṭhānasālā nīcavatthukā hoti , udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Upaṭṭhānasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti.
38那时，比丘们在露天的地上铺开袈裟。袈裟沾满了尘土。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：诸比丘，我允许在露天设置晾衣竿和晾衣绳。饮用水变热了……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许建造饮水堂和饮水棚。饮水堂的地基太低，被水淹了……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许把地基加高。基墙倒塌了……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许用三种材料砌筑基墙：砖砌基墙、石砌基墙、木砌基墙。登上去的时候很费劲……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许做三种台阶：砖台阶、石台阶、木台阶。登上去的时候会摔下来……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许安装扶手栏杆。饮水堂里碎草屑往下掉……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许编扎好之后，内外抹平，做白色、黑色、赭石色的粉刷，做花蔓装饰、藤蔓装饰、鳄鱼齿饰、五条纹饰，以及设置晾衣竿和晾衣绳。找不到饮水容器……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许用饮水螺和饮水碗。
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ajjhokāse chamāya cīvaraṃ pattharanti. Cīvaraṃ paṃsukitaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ajjhokāse cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti. Pānīyaṃ otappati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pānīyasālaṃ pānīyamaṇḍapa’’nti. Pānīyasālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Pānīyasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti. Pānīyabhājanaṃ na saṃvijjati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pānīyasaṅkhaṃ pānīyasarāvaka’’nti.
57允许围墙等
Pākārādianujānanaṃ
302那时，住所没有围墙。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：诸比丘，我允许用三种围墙围起来：砖围墙、石围墙、木围墙。没有大门……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许建造大门。大门的地基太低，被水淹了……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许把地基加高。大门没有门扇……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许使用门扇、门闩板、门臼、门槛、门闩、闩头、插销、锁扣、钥匙孔、拉绳孔和拉绳。大门那里碎草屑往下掉……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许编扎好之后，内外抹平，做白色、黑色、赭石色的粉刷，做花蔓装饰、藤蔓装饰、鳄鱼齿饰、五条纹饰。
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā aparikkhittā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo pākāre – iṭṭhakāpākāraṃ, silāpākāraṃ, dārupākāra’’nti. Koṭṭhako na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koṭṭhaka’’nti. Koṭṭhako nīcavatthuko hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Koṭṭhakassa kavāṭaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsakaṃ aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ tāḷacchiddaṃ āviñchanacchiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Koṭṭhake tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭika’’nti.
40那时，庭院里泥泞不堪。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：诸比丘，我允许铺上碎石。碎石不够铺……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许铺设石板。水积在那里……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许修建排水道。
Tena kho pana samayena pariveṇaṃ cikkhallaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, marumbaṃ upakiritu’’nti. Na pariyāpuṇanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave , padarasilaṃ nikkhipitu’’nti. Udakaṃ santiṭṭhati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamana’’nti.
41那时，比丘们在庭院里这里那里各自搭灶生火。庭院变得很脏。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：诸比丘，我允许在一边单独建造火堂。火堂的地基太低，被水淹了……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许把地基加高。基墙倒塌了……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许用三种材料砌筑基墙：砖砌基墙、石砌基墙、木砌基墙。登上去的时候很费劲……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许做三种台阶：砖台阶、石台阶、木台阶。登上去的时候会摔下来……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许安装扶手栏杆。火堂没有门扇……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许使用门扇、门闩板、门臼、门槛、门闩、闩头、插销、锁扣、钥匙孔、拉绳孔和拉绳。火堂里碎草屑往下掉……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许编扎好之后，内外抹平，做白色、黑色、赭石色的粉刷，做花蔓装饰、藤蔓装饰、鳄鱼齿饰、五条纹饰，以及设置晾衣竿和晾衣绳。
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū pariveṇe tahaṃ tahaṃ aggiṭṭhānaṃ karonti. Pariveṇaṃ uklāpaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekamantaṃ aggisālaṃ kātu’’nti . Aggisālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Aggisālāya kavāṭaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsakaṃ aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ tāḷacchiddaṃ āviñchanacchiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Aggisālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti.
61允许园围
Ārāmaparikkhepaanujānanaṃ
303那时，寺院没有围墙。山羊和牛群到里面来破坏。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：诸比丘，我允许用三种围栏围起来：竹篱笆、荆棘篱笆、壕沟。没有大门，山羊和牛群还是照样到里面来破坏……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许建造大门、固定的门框、双扇门、门楼和横栓。大门那里碎草屑往下掉……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许编扎好之后，内外抹平，做白色、黑色、赭石色的粉刷，做花蔓装饰、藤蔓装饰、鳄鱼齿饰、五条纹饰。寺院里泥泞不堪……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许铺上碎石。碎石不够铺……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许铺设石板。水积在那里……世尊说：诸比丘，我允许修建排水道。
Tena kho pana samayena ārāmo aparikkhitto hoti. Ajakāpi pasukāpi uparope viheṭhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo vāṭe – veḷuvāṭaṃ, kaṇḍakavāṭaṃ , parikha’’nti. Koṭṭhako na hoti. Tatheva ajakāpi pasukāpi uparope viheṭhenti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koṭṭhakaṃ apesiṃ yamakakavāṭaṃ toraṇaṃ paligha’’nti. Koṭṭhake tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi , bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭika’’nti. Ārāmo cikkhallo hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, marumbaṃ upakiritu’’nti. Na pariyāpuṇanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, padarasilaṃ nikkhipitu’’nti. Udakaṃ santiṭṭhati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamana’’nti.
43那时，摩揭陀国斯尼耶·宾比萨罗王想为僧团建造一座用灰泥粉刷涂饰的殿楼。于是比丘们心想：世尊到底允许了哪些屋顶材料，哪些没有允许呢？他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：诸比丘，我允许五种屋顶材料：砖瓦顶、石板顶、灰泥顶、茅草顶、树叶顶。
Tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro saṅghassa atthāya sudhāmattikālepanaṃ pāsādaṃ kāretukāmo hoti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā chadanaṃ anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññāta’’nti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca chadanāni – iṭṭhakāchadanaṃ, silāchadanaṃ, sudhāchadanaṃ, tiṇacchadanaṃ, paṇṇacchadana’’nti.
64第一诵品完
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
652. 第二诵品
2. Dutiyabhāṇavāro
66给孤独事
Anāthapiṇḍikavatthu
304那时，给孤独居士是那位王舍城长者的妹夫。后来，给孤独居士因事来到王舍城。那时，那位王舍城长者已经邀请了以佛陀为首的僧团第二天去应供。于是，王舍城长者吩咐他的奴隶和佣人们说：喂，你们天一亮就早点起来，熬粥、做饭、准备汤菜、准备各种软食。给孤独居士心想：以前这位朋友，我来了，他都会放下所有的事情，只和我亲切交谈。可今天他却显得心不在焉，光顾着吩咐他的奴隶和佣人们：喂，你们天一亮就早点起来，熬粥、做饭、准备汤菜、准备各种软食。难道这位朋友家里要办喜事嫁娶，还是要举行大祭祀，或者是摩揭陀国斯尼耶·宾比萨罗王连同军队被邀请明天来应供呢？
Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa bhaginipatiko hoti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahaṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahakena seṭṭhinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito hoti. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa etadahosi – ‘‘pubbe khvāyaṃ gahapati mayi āgate sabbakiccāni nikkhipitvā mamaññeva saddhiṃ paṭisammodati. Sodānāyaṃ vikkhittarūpo dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi – ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā’ti. Kiṃ nu kho imassa gahapatissa āvāho vā bhavissati, vivāho vā bhavissati, mahāyañño vā paccupaṭṭhito , rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṃ balakāyenā’’ti?
45那时，王舍城长者在吩咐完奴隶和佣人们之后，就去到给孤独居士那里。到了之后，和给孤独居士亲切地问候了一番，然后坐在一边。给孤独居士对坐在一边的王舍城长者说：朋友啊，以前我来了，你都会放下所有的事情，只和我亲切交谈。可今天你却显得心不在焉，光顾着吩咐你的奴隶和佣人们，说：喂，你们天一亮就早点起来，熬粥、做饭、准备汤菜、准备各种软食。难道是你家里要办喜事嫁娶，还是要举行大祭祀，或者是摩揭陀国斯尼耶·宾比萨罗王连同军队被邀请明天来应供呢？长者回答说：朋友，不是我家要办喜事嫁娶，也不是摩揭陀国斯尼耶·宾比萨罗王连同军队被邀请明天来应供。我确实是在准备一场大祭祀，我已经邀请了以佛陀为首的僧团明天来应供。给孤独居士惊讶地问：你刚才说佛陀吗，朋友？长者说：我说的就是佛陀，朋友。给孤独居士又问：你刚才说佛陀吗，朋友？长者说：我说的就是佛陀，朋友。给孤独居士第三次问：你刚才说佛陀吗，朋友？长者说：我说的就是佛陀，朋友。给孤独居士感叹地说：朋友，这世上就连佛陀佛陀这样的声音，都很难听到啊。朋友，现在这个时间，能够去拜见那位世尊、阿拉汉、全自觉者吗？长者说：朋友，现在这个时间不适合去拜见那位世尊、阿拉汉、全自觉者。你明天再找个合适的时间去拜见那位世尊、阿拉汉、全自觉者吧。于是，给孤独居士怀着明天要去拜见那位世尊、阿拉汉、全自觉者的念头，以忆念佛陀的心念躺下睡了。那天夜里，他以为天亮了，竟然三次从床上起来。
Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpetvā yena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā saddhiṃ paṭisammoditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati etadavoca – ‘‘pubbe kho tvaṃ, gahapati, mayi āgate sabbakiccāni nikkhipitvā mamaññeva saddhiṃ paṭisammodasi. Sodāni tvaṃ vikkhittarūpo dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi – ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā’ti. Kiṃ nu kho te, gahapati, āvāho vā bhavissati, vivāho vā bhavissati, mahāyañño vā paccupaṭṭhito, rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṃ balakāyenā’’ti? ‘‘Na me, gahapati, āvāho vā bhavissati, nāpi vivāho vā bhavissati, nāpi rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṃ balakāyena; api ca me mahāyañño paccupaṭṭhito; svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito’’ti. ‘‘Buddhoti tvaṃ, gahapati, vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Buddho tyāhaṃ, gahapati, vadāmī’’ti. ‘‘Buddhoti tvaṃ, gahapati, vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Buddho tyāhaṃ, gahapati, vadāmī’’ti. ‘‘Buddhoti tvaṃ, gahapati, vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Buddho tyāhaṃ, gahapati, vadāmī’’ti. ‘‘Ghosopi kho eso, gahapati, dullabho lokasmiṃ yadidaṃ – buddho buddhoti. Sakkā nu kho, gahapati, imaṃ kālaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti? ‘‘Akālo kho, gahapati, imaṃ kālaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ. Svedāni tvaṃ kālena taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati – svedānāhaṃ kālena taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissāmi arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhanti – buddhagatāya satiyā nipajjitvā rattiyā sudaṃ tikkhattuṃ vuṭṭhāsi pabhātaṃ maññamāno.
305那时，给孤独长者前往尸婆迦门。非人们为他打开了门。就在给孤独长者走出城门的那一刻，光明消失了，黑暗降临，恐惧、战栗、汗毛竖起从他心中生起；他当时就想折返回去。这时，尸婆迦夜叉隐去身形，发出声音说道：
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena sivakadvāraṃ tenupasaṅkami. Amanussā dvāraṃ vivariṃsu. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nagaramhā nikkhantassa āloko antaradhāyi, andhakāro pāturahosi, bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso udapādi; tatova puna nivattitukāmo ahosi. Atha kho sivako yakkho antarahito saddamanussāvesi –
70“一百头象，一百匹马，一百辆骡车，
‘‘Sataṃ hatthī sataṃ assā, sataṃ assatarīrathā;
71十万名佩戴着摩尼珠和耳环的少女，
Sataṃ kaññāsahassāni, āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalā;
72也比不上一次迈步前行的十六分之一的价值。
Ekassa padavītihārassa, kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasiṃ .
73“前进吧，居士，前进吧，居士；
‘‘Abhikkama gahapati abhikkama gahapati;
74向前走对你更好，而不是退回去。”
Abhikkantaṃ te seyyo no paṭikkanta’’nti.
47那时，给孤独长者的黑暗消失了，光明降临。先前生起的恐惧、战栗、汗毛竖立，也就此平息了。第二次……第三次……给孤独长者的光明又消失了，黑暗降临，恐惧、战栗、汗毛竖起从他心中生起，他当时就想折返回去。第三次，尸婆迦夜叉隐去身形，发出声音说道：
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa andhakāro antaradhāyi, āloko pāturahosi. Yaṃ ahosi bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso so paṭippassambhi. Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho…pe… anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa āloko antaradhāyi, andhakāro pāturahosi, bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso udapādi, tatova puna nivattitukāmo ahosi. Tatiyampi kho sivako yakkho antarahito saddamanussāvesi –
76“一百头象，一百匹马，一百辆骡车，
‘‘Sataṃ hatthī sataṃ assā, sataṃ assatarīrathā;
77十万盛装戴宝珠耳环的少女，
Sataṃ kaññāsahassāni, āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalā;
78也比不上他一步征程的十六分之一。
Ekassa padavītihārassa, kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasiṃ.
79“来吧，居士，来吧，居士，
‘‘Abhikkama gahapati abhikkama gahapati,
80往前走对你好，别往后退。”
Abhikkantaṃ te seyyo no paṭikkanta’’nti.
48第三次，给孤独居士眼前的黑暗消失了，光明出现了。先前生起的恐惧、战栗、汗毛竖立，这时都平息了下来。于是，给孤独居士前往寒林。那时，正值后夜破晓时分，世尊起身后，正在空地上经行。世尊远远地看见给孤独居士走来。看见之后，他便从经行处下来，在铺好的座位上坐下。坐下后，世尊对给孤独居士说：“来吧，须达多。”给孤独居士心想：“世尊竟然叫我的名字！”他满心欢喜、兴高采烈地来到世尊那里，到了之后，用头礼拜世尊的双足，然后对世尊说：“尊者啊，世尊昨晚睡得安稳吗？”
Tatiyampi kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa andhakāro antaradhāyi , āloko pāturahosi, yaṃ ahosi bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso, so paṭippassambhi. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena sītavanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya ajjhokāse caṅkamati. Addasā kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna caṅkamā orohitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ehi sudattā’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati – nāmena maṃ bhagavā ālapatīti – haṭṭho udaggo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kacci, bhante, bhagavā sukhaṃ sayitthā’’ti?
82「般涅槃的婆罗门，常安乐而眠；
‘‘Sabbadā ve sukhaṃ seti, brāhmaṇo parinibbuto;
83他不染着于诸欲，清凉、无依。
Yo na limpati kāmesu, sītibhūto nirūpadhi.
84断除一切执着，调伏心中的恐惧；
‘‘Sabbā āsattiyo chetvā, vineyya hadaye daraṃ;
85“彻底寂灭的婆罗门，确实永远睡得安稳；
他于种种欲乐不再沾染，已得清凉，没有依着。
斩断了一切执着，调伏了内心的恐惧；
内心寂静的人，安稳地休息，心意已达平静。
Upasanto sukhaṃ seti, santiṃ pappuyya cetasā’’ti .
49那时，世尊便为给孤独长者次第开示说法——也就是：布施的论说、持戒的论说、生天的论说；以及欲乐的过患、卑劣与杂染，出离的功德。当世尊知道给孤独长者的心柔软、调柔、没有障碍、喜悦、充满信心时，便为他说了诸佛所赞叹的法要——苦、集、灭、道。就像一块干净的布，没有了污点，能完全吸收染料一样，给孤独长者就在那个座位上，生起了离尘离垢的法眼：“凡是集起之法，皆是灭尽之法。”那时，给孤独长者已经亲见法、体证法、了知法、深入法，超越了疑惑，断除了犹豫，获得了无畏，在导师的教法中不再依赖于他人。他对世尊这样说：“太殊胜了，尊者，太殊胜了，尊者！就像将倒下的扶起来，将遮蔽的揭开，为迷路者指明道路，在黑暗中举着油灯——让有眼睛的人能看见东西一样，世尊用种种方式阐明了法。我从今天起，直到生命结束，都归依世尊、归依法、归依比丘僧团。愿世尊接受我为在家弟子，从今天起终生皈依。也请世尊明天和比丘僧团一起，接受我的饮食供养。”世尊以沉默的方式接受了。
Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ, kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā bhagavā aññāsi anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ kallacittaṃ muducittaṃ vinīvaraṇacittaṃ udaggacittaṃ pasannacittaṃ, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā taṃ pakāsesi – dukkhaṃ, samudayaṃ, nirodhaṃ, maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṃkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bhante, abhikkantaṃ bhante! Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti – evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ. Adhivāsetu ca me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.
50那时，给孤独长者知道世尊已经接受，便从座位起身，向世尊行礼，右绕之后离开了。王舍城长者听说了这件事：“听说给孤独长者明天要请以佛陀为首的僧团应供。”
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Assosi kho rājagahako seṭṭhī – ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito’’ti.
306那时，王舍城长者对给孤独长者这样说：“居士啊，听说你明天要请以佛陀为首的僧团应供。你是个外地来的人，我给你提供资具，好让你能供养以佛陀为首的僧团食物吧。”给孤独长者说：“不用了，居士，我自己有资具，可以供养以佛陀为首的僧团食物。”
Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṃ yena tvaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ kareyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, gahapati atthi me veyyāyikaṃ yenāhaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ karissāmī’’ti.
52王舍城的市民也听说了这件事：“听说给孤独长者明天要请以佛陀为首的僧团应供。”那时，王舍城的市民对给孤独长者这样说：“居士啊，听说你明天要请以佛陀为首的僧团应供。你是个外地来的人，我给你提供资具，好让你能供养以佛陀为首的僧团食物吧。”给孤独长者说：“不用了，诸位尊者，我自己有资具，可以供养以佛陀为首的僧团食物。”
Assosi kho rājagahako negamo – ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito’’ti. Atha kho rājagahako negamo anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṃ yena tvaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ kareyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ ayya; atthi me veyyāyikaṃ yenāhaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ karissāmī’’ti.
53摩揭陀国频婆娑罗王也听说了这件事：“听说给孤独长者明天要请以佛陀为首的僧团应供。”那时，摩揭陀国频婆娑罗王对给孤独长者这样说：“居士啊，听说你明天要请以佛陀为首的僧团应供。你是个外地来的人，我给你提供资具，好让你能供养以佛陀为首的僧团食物吧。”给孤独长者说：“不用了，大王，我自己有资具，可以供养以佛陀为首的僧团食物。”
Assosi kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro – ‘‘anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito’’ti. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṃ yena tvaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ kareyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ deva; atthi me veyyāyikaṃ yenāhaṃ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṃ karissāmī’’ti.
54那一夜过后，给孤独长者在王舍城长者的住处，让人准备了美味的硬食和软食，然后派人向世尊报告时间：“时间到了，尊者，食物已经准备好了。”那时，世尊在上午时分，穿好下衣，拿着钵和衣，前往王舍城长者的住处。到了之后，在备好的座位上，与比丘僧团一起坐下。那时，给孤独长者亲手用美味的硬食和软食，使以佛陀为首的比丘僧团吃饱、满足。世尊吃完后，放下钵，给孤独长者便坐在一旁。坐在一旁的给孤独长者对世尊这样说：“请世尊和比丘僧团一起，在舍卫城接受我雨安居的供养。”世尊说：“居士啊，如来是喜欢空寂的住所的。”给孤独长者说：“我明白，世尊！我明白，善逝！”那时，世尊以法义开示、劝导、激励、令给孤独长者欢喜之后，从座位起身离开了。
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ, ekamantaṃ nisīdi . Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. ‘‘Suññāgāre kho, gahapati, tathāgatā abhiramantī’’ti. ‘‘Aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ sugatā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
307而在那个时期，给孤独长者有很多朋友、很多伙伴，说话很有分量。那时，给孤独长者在王舍城办完了该办的事，便朝着舍卫城方向出发了。给孤独长者在途中吩咐人们说：“诸位尊者，请建造园舍，建立住所，准备布施。佛陀已经出现在世间，那位世尊已经接受了我的邀请，会从这条路来。”那时，那些人受到给孤独长者的嘱咐，便建造了园舍，建立了住所，准备了布施的物品。
Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bahumitto hoti bahusahāyo ādeyyavāco. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahe taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā yena sāvatthi tena pakkāmi. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati antarāmagge manusse āṇāpesi – ‘‘ārāme , ayyā, karotha, vihāre patiṭṭhāpetha, dānāni paṭṭhapetha. Buddho loke uppanno. So ca mayā bhagavā nimantito iminā maggena āgacchissatī’’ti. Atha kho te manussā anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā uyyojitā ārāme akaṃsu, vihāre patiṭṭhāpesuṃ, dānāni paṭṭhapesuṃ.
56那时，给孤独居士回到舍卫城后，遍访整个舍卫城周边，一边看一边想：“世尊应该住在哪里才好呢？那个地方要离村落既不太远，也不太近；来回往返要方便；任何有需要的人都可以前去拜访；白天人不太多，不杂乱；夜晚安静，不嘈杂，声音少；远离人群，能满足独处禅修的需要才行。”
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati sāvatthiṃ gantvā samantā sāvatthiṃ anuvilokesi – ‘‘kattha nu kho bhagavā vihareyya? Yaṃ assa gāmato neva atidūre na accāsanne, gamanāgamanasampannaṃ, atthikānaṃ atthikānaṃ manussānaṃ abhikkamanīyaṃ, divā appākiṇṇaṃ, rattiṃ appasaddaṃ, appanigghosaṃ, vijanavātaṃ, manussarāhasseyyakaṃ, paṭisallānasāruppa’’nti.
57给孤独居士看见了祇陀王子的园林。那个地方离村落既不太远，也不太近；来回往返方便；任何有需要的人都可以前去拜访；白天人不太多，不杂乱；夜晚安静，不嘈杂，声音少；远离人群，能满足独处禅修的需要。看到后，他就前往祇陀王子那里。到了之后，对祇陀王子说：“年轻的主人，请把您的园林给我，我要用来建造僧园。”“居士，这园林不卖，就算你用金币铺满它也不行。”“年轻的主人，这园林我已经买下了。”“不，居士，你还没有买下这园林。”两人就“买下了、没买下”争执起来，便去请教那些负责裁决的官员们。那些官员们这样说：“年轻的主人，既然你出了价，这园林就算被买下了。”于是，给孤独居士用车子运来金币，让人将祇陀园林用金币铺满。第一次运来的金币，因为一个小角落靠近门楼的地方，没能铺满。于是，给孤独居士就吩咐手下的人：“伙计们，去吧，再拿金币来；我们要把那个角落也铺满。”
Addasā kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati jetassa kumārassa uyyānaṃ – gāmato neva atidūre na accāsanne, gamanāgamanasampannaṃ, atthikānaṃ atthikānaṃ manussānaṃ abhikkamanīyaṃ, divā appākiṇṇaṃ, rattiṃ appasaddaṃ, appanigghosaṃ, vijanavātaṃ, manussarāhasseyyakaṃ, paṭisallānasāruppaṃ. Disvāna yena jeto kumāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā jetaṃ kumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dehi me, ayyaputta, uyyānaṃ ārāmaṃ kātu’’nti . ‘‘Adeyyo, gahapati, ārāmo api koṭisantharenā’’ti. ‘‘Gahito, ayyaputta, ārāmo’’ti. ‘‘Na, gahapati, gahito ārāmo’’ti. Gahito na gahitoti vohārike mahāmatte pucchiṃsu. Mahāmattā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yato tayā , ayyaputta, aggho kato, gahito ārāmo’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati sakaṭehi hiraññaṃ nibbāhāpetvā jetavanaṃ koṭisantharaṃ santharāpesi. Sakiṃ nīhaṭaṃ hiraññaṃ thokassa okāsassa koṭṭhakasāmantā nappahoti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati manusse āṇāpesi – ‘‘gacchatha, bhaṇe, hiraññaṃ āharatha; imaṃ okāsaṃ santharissāmā’’ti.
58那时，祇陀王子心里这样想：“看来这绝不是一件小事，这位居士竟然舍得花这么多金币。”他便对给孤独居士说：“居士，可以了。别再铺那个角落了。把那个角落留给我吧，这将成为我的供养。”那时，给孤独居士心想：“这位祇陀王子是一位有名望、有地位的人；能让这样有名望的人对佛法戒律生起净信，确实是很有意义的大事。”于是，就把那个角落给了祇陀王子。随后，祇陀王子就在那个角落建造了一座门楼。
Atha kho jetassa kumārassa etadahosi – ‘‘na kho idaṃ orakaṃ bhavissati, yathāyaṃ gahapati tāva bahuṃ hiraññaṃ pariccajatī’’ti. Anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘alaṃ, gahapati; mā taṃ okāsaṃ santharāpesi. Dehi me etaṃ okāsaṃ. Mametaṃ dānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati – ayaṃ kho jeto kumāro abhiññāto ñātamanusso; mahatthiko kho pana evarūpānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasādoti – taṃ okāsaṃ jetassa kumārassa pādāsi . Atha kho jeto kumāro tasmiṃ okāse koṭṭhakaṃ māpesi.
59那时，给孤独居士在祇陀园里建造了精舍，建造了各个独立院落，建造了门楼，建造了集会大厅，建造了伙房，建造了储藏许可物品的小屋，建造了厕所，建造了经行处，建造了经行处的廊堂，建造了水井，建造了水井旁的堂屋，建造了浴室，建造了浴室的廊堂，建造了池塘，建造了凉亭。
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati jetavane vihāre kārāpesi, pariveṇāni kārāpesi, koṭṭhake kārāpesi, upaṭṭhānasālāyo kārāpesi, aggisālāyo kārāpesi, kappiyakuṭiyo kārāpesi, vaccakuṭiyo kārāpesi, caṅkame kārāpesi, caṅkamanasālāyo kārāpesi, udapāne kārāpesi, udapānasālāyo kārāpesi, jantāghare kārāpesi, jantāgharasālāyo kārāpesi, pokkharaṇiyo kārāpesi, maṇḍape kārāpesi.
97新建施与
Navakammadānaṃ
308那时，世尊在王舍城随意住了一段时间后，便朝着毖舍离的方向出发游行。一路次第游行，最后抵达了毖舍离。就在那里，世尊住在大林里的重阁讲堂。而那个时候，人们都非常恭敬用心地在做建筑新造作。那些负责监督新造作的比丘们，他们也都会恭敬用心地用衣服、饮食、住处、医药资具来照顾工人们。那时，有一位穷困的织布工心里想：“这绝不是一件小事，看这些人这么恭敬用心地做新造作；我也应该参与做点新造作才好吧。”于是，那位穷织布工就自己动手和泥、制砖，砌起了一面墙。因为他技艺不好，砌得歪歪斜斜，墙就倒塌了。第二次，他又……乃至……第三次，那位穷织布工又自己动手和泥、制砖，砌起了一面墙。还是因为他技艺不好，砌得歪歪斜斜，墙又倒塌了。于是，那位穷织布工就埋怨、发牢骚、到处抱怨说：“那些给释迦子沙门供养衣服、饮食、住处、医药资具的人，这些比丘们就去教诫、指导他们，还负责监督他们的新造作。而我呢，是个穷人。没有任何人来教诫我、指导我，也没有人来监督我的新造作。”一些比丘听到了那位穷织布工这样埋怨、发牢骚、抱怨。于是，那些比丘就把这件事禀告了世尊。那时，世尊就以这件事为因缘，以这件事作为契机，做了一番佛法的开示，然后对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，我允许你们委派新造作。诸比丘，负责新造作的比丘应该尽心努力，这样想着：‘怎样才能让这精舍尽快完工呢？’他还要修补破损和开裂的地方。那么，诸比丘，应该这样委派：首先，要请求一位比丘；请求到之后，由一位有经验、有能力的比丘向僧团作宣告：
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena vesālī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena vesālī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena manussā sakkaccaṃ navakammaṃ karonti. Yepi bhikkhū navakammaṃ adhiṭṭhenti tepi sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena . Atha kho aññatarassa daliddassa tunnavāyassa etadahosi – ‘‘na kho idaṃ orakaṃ bhavissati, yathayime manussā sakkaccaṃ navakammaṃ karonti; yaṃnūnāhampi navakammaṃ kareyya’’nti. Atha kho so daliddo tunnavāyo sāmaṃ cikkhallaṃ madditvā iṭṭhakāyo cinitvā kuṭṭaṃ uṭṭhāpesi. Tena akusalakena citā vaṅkā bhitti paripati. Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho so daliddo tunnavāyo sāmaṃ cikkhallaṃ madditvā iṭṭhakāyo cinitvā kuṭṭaṃ uṭṭhāpesi. Tena akusalakena citā vaṅkā bhitti paripati. Atha kho so daliddo tunnavāyo ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘ye imesaṃ samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ denti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, te ime ovadanti anusāsanti, tesañca navakammaṃ adhiṭṭhenti. Ahaṃ panamhi daliddo. Na maṃ koci ovadati vā anusāsati vā navakammaṃ vā adhiṭṭhetī’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tassa daliddassa tunnavāyassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, navakammaṃ dātuṃ. Navakammiko, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ussukkaṃ āpajjissati – ‘kinti nu kho vihāro khippaṃ pariyosānaṃ gaccheyyā’ti; khaṇḍaṃ phullaṃ paṭisaṅkharissati. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
309“尊者，请僧团听我说。如果僧团同意的话，僧团应将某甲居士的精舍的新造作事务，委派给某甲比丘。这是宣告。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa gahapatino vihāraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno navakammaṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
62“尊者，请僧团听我说。僧团把某甲居士的精舍的新造作事务，委派给某甲比丘。哪位大德同意将某甲居士的精舍的新造作事务委派给某甲比丘，请保持沉默；哪位不同意，请说。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmassa gahapatino vihāraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno navakammaṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa gahapatino vihāraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno navakammassa dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
63“某甲居士的精舍的新造作事务，已由僧团委派给了某甲比丘。僧团同意，所以才沉默。我是这样理解这件事的。”
‘‘Dinno saṅghena itthannāmassa gahapatino vihāro itthannāmassa bhikkhuno navakammaṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
102允许上座等
Aggāsanādianujānanaṃ
310那时，世尊在韦沙离城随心所欲地住了一段时间后，便朝着沙瓦提城方向游化而去。在那个时候，六群比丘的弟子们，抢在以上首佛为首的僧团前面，把住处给占了，把床座也给占了，还说：‘这间要给我们戒师，这间要给我们教授师，这间要给我们自己。’
Atha kho bhagavā vesāliyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi . Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antevāsikā bhikkhū buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggaṇhanti, seyyāyo pariggaṇhanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatī’’ti.
65那时，沙利子尊者走在上首佛为首的僧团最后面，当住处都被占完、床座都被占完后，他找不到床位，就坐在了某棵树下。那时，世尊在凌晨时分起身后，咳了一声。沙利子尊者也咳了一声。世尊问：‘谁在那里？’尊者回答：‘世尊，是我，沙利子。’世尊又问：‘沙利子，你怎么坐在这里？’于是，沙利子尊者就把这件事告诉了世尊。那时，世尊以这件事为因缘、以这件事为由，召集了比丘僧团，问诸比丘：‘诸比丘，据说六群比丘的弟子们抢在以上首佛为首的僧团前面，把住处占了，把床座也占了，还说这间要给他们戒师，这间要给他们教授师，这间要给他们自己——这是真的吗？’诸比丘答：‘世尊，是真的。’佛陀世尊呵责了他们……说：‘诸比丘，这些愚蠢的人怎么能抢在以上首佛为首的僧团前面，把住处占了，把床座也占了，还说这间要给他们戒师，这间要给他们教授师，这间要给他们自己呢！诸比丘，这不能让未生信者生信……’呵责之后……为诸比丘开示法义后，问道：‘诸比丘，什么样的人有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食呢？’
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā vihāresu pariggahitesu, seyyāsu pariggahitāsu, seyyaṃ alabhamāno aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya ukkāsi. Āyasmāpi sāriputto ukkāsi. ‘‘Ko etthā’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ, bhagavā, sāriputto’’ti. ‘‘Kissa tvaṃ, sāriputtaṃ, idha nisinno’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antevāsikā bhikkhū buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggaṇhanti, seyyāyo pariggaṇhanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggahessanti, seyyāyo pariggahessanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatīti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘ko, bhikkhave, arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti?
66有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，从刹帝利家族出家的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，从婆罗门家族出家的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，从居士家族出家的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，精通经教的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，持律的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，说法师，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，证得初禅的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，证得第二禅的人……证得第三禅的人……证得第四禅的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，入流者……一来者……不来者……阿拉汉，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，具足三明的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’有些比丘这样说：‘世尊，具足六神通的人，有资格受用最好的座位、最好的水和最好的饮食。’
Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, khattiyakulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, brāhmaṇakulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, gahapatikulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, suttantiko so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, vinayadharo so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, dhammakathiko so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, dutiyassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, tatiyassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, catutthassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, sotāpanno so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, sakadāgāmī…pe… yo, bhagavā, anāgāmī…pe… yo, bhagavā , arahā so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, tevijjo so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘yo, bhagavā, chaḷabhiñño so arahati aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍa’’nti.
311那时，世尊对诸比丘说：‘诸比丘，很久以前，在喜马拉雅山的一个地方，有一棵大榕树。有三个朋友依靠它生活：一只鹧鸪、一只猴子和一头象。他们之间互不恭敬、互不尊重、彼此不合地生活着。那时，诸比丘，这三个朋友心里想道：哎，要是我们能知道我们当中谁的生年最久，我们就恭敬他、尊重他、尊敬他、供养他，并且听从他的教导就好了。’
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, himavantapadese mahānigrodho ahosi. Taṃ tayo sahāyā upanissāya vihariṃsu – tittiro ca, makkaṭo ca, hatthināgo ca. Te aññamaññaṃ agāravā appatissā asabhāgavuttikā viharanti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, tesaṃ sahāyānaṃ etadahosi – ‘aho nūna mayaṃ jāneyyāma yaṃ amhākaṃ jātiyā mahantataraṃ taṃ mayaṃ sakkareyyāma garuṃ kareyyāma māneyyāma pūjeyyāma, tassa ca mayaṃ ovāde tiṭṭheyyāmā’ti.
68‘那时，诸比丘，鹧鸪和猴子问那头象：朋友，你记得的最久远的事是什么？那头象说：朋友，当我还是一头幼象时，我把这棵榕树夹在两腿之间跨过去，树顶的嫩芽刚好蹭到我的肚子。朋友，这就是我记得的最久远的事。’
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, tittiro ca makkaṭo ca hatthināgaṃ pucchiṃsu – ‘tvaṃ, samma, kiṃ porāṇaṃ sarasī’ti? ‘Yadāhaṃ, sammā, poto homi, imaṃ nigrodhaṃ antarā satthīnaṃ karitvā atikkamāmi, aggaṅkurakaṃ me udaraṃ chupati. Imāhaṃ, sammā, porāṇaṃ sarāmī’ti.
69‘那时，诸比丘，鹧鸪和象问那只猴子：朋友，你记得的最久远的事是什么？那只猴子说：朋友，当我还是一只小猴子时，我坐在地上，就能够吃到这棵榕树顶端的嫩芽。朋友，这就是我记得的最久远的事。’
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, tittiro ca hatthināgo ca makkaṭaṃ pucchiṃsu – ‘tvaṃ, samma, kiṃ porāṇaṃ sarasī’ti? ‘Yadāhaṃ, sammā, chāpo homi, chamāyaṃ nisīditvā imassa nigrodhassa aggaṅkurakaṃ khādāmi. Imāhaṃ, sammā, porāṇaṃ sarāmī’ti.
70‘那时，诸比丘，猴子和象问那只鹧鸪：朋友，你记得的最久远的事是什么？那只鹧鸪说：朋友，在那个地方，过去有一棵大榕树。我吃了它的果实后，在这个地方拉了粪便，这棵榕树就是从那里长出来的。这样看来，朋友，我的生年最久。’
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, makkaṭo ca hatthināgo ca tittiraṃ pucchiṃsu – ‘tvaṃ, samma, kiṃ porāṇaṃ sarasī’ti? ‘Amukasmiṃ, sammā, okāse mahānigrodho ahosi. Tato ahaṃ phalaṃ bhakkhitvā imasmiṃ okāse vaccaṃ akāsiṃ; tassāyaṃ nigrodho jāto. Tadāhaṃ, sammā, jātiyā mahantataro’ti .
71‘那时，诸比丘，猴子和象对那只鹧鸪这样说：朋友，你的生年比我们更久。我们要恭敬你、尊重你、尊敬你、供养你，并且听从你的教导。那时，诸比丘，鹧鸪引导猴子和象受持了五戒，自己也受持五戒而行。他们就这样互相恭敬、互相尊重、彼此和合地生活着，在身体破裂、死后，投生到了善趣、天界。诸比丘，这就是所谓的以鹧鸪为导的清净行。’”
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, makkaṭo ca hatthināgo ca tittiraṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘tvaṃ, samma, amhākaṃ jātiyā mahantataro. Taṃ mayaṃ sakkarissāma garuṃ karissāma mānessāma pūjessāma, tuyhañca mayaṃ ovāde patiṭṭhissāmā’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, tittiro makkaṭañca hatthināgañca pañcasu sīlesu samādapesi, attanā ca pañcasu sīlesu samādāya vattati. Te aññamaññaṃ sagāravā sappatissā sabhāgavuttikā viharitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjiṃsu. Evaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, tittiriyaṃ nāma brahmacariyaṃ ahosi.
111那些尊重长老的人，是通达正法的人；
‘‘Ye vuḍḍhamapacāyanti, narā dhammassa kovidā;
112他们在现世受到称赞，在未来也会获得善趣。
Diṭṭhe dhamme ca pāsaṃsā, samparāye ca suggatī’’ti.
72诸比丘啊，那些畜生道的众生都能这样互相尊重、顺从、和睦相处。而你们这些在如此善说的法与律中出家的人，却互相不尊重、不顺从、不和睦相处，这怎么能说得过去呢？诸比丘啊，这既不能令未生信者生信……也不能令已生信者增长……（世尊）呵责之后，做了法谈，然后对诸比丘说：诸比丘，我允许你们依年龄大小来行礼问讯、起立迎接、合掌致敬、恭敬承事、坐上等座位、先用上等水、先受上等食物。但是，诸比丘，属于僧团的物品不可因
‘‘Te hi nāma, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā aññamaññaṃ sagāravā sappatissā sabhāgavuttikā viharissanti. Idha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sobhetha yaṃ tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ agāravā appatissā asabhāgavuttikā vihareyyātha? Netaṃ, bhikkhave , appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yathāvuḍḍhaṃ abhivādanaṃ, paccuṭṭhānaṃ, añjalikammaṃ, sāmīcikammaṃ, aggāsanaṃ, aggodakaṃ, aggapiṇḍaṃ. Na ca, bhikkhave, saṅghikaṃ yathāvuḍḍhaṃ paṭibāhitabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
114不应礼敬等人
Avandiyādipuggalā
312诸比丘啊，有这十种不应受礼敬的人：后受具足戒者不应受先受具足戒者礼敬；未受具足戒者不应受礼敬；说非法的新住异界年长者不应受礼敬；女人不应受礼敬；般荼迦（黄门）不应受礼敬；正在别住者不应受礼敬；应退回本处重受戒者不应受礼敬；应行摩那埵者不应受礼敬；正在行摩那埵者不应受礼敬；应出罪者不应受礼敬。诸比丘啊，这就是十种不应受礼敬的人。
‘‘Dasayime , bhikkhave, avandiyā – pure upasampannena pacchā upasampanno avandiyo, anupasampanno avandiyo, nānāsaṃvāsako vuḍḍhataro adhammavādī avandiyo, mātugāmo avandiyo, paṇḍako avandiyo, pārivāsiko avandiyo, mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho avandiyo, mānattāraho avandiyo, mānattacāriko avandiyo, abbhānāraho avandiyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa avandiyā.
74诸比丘啊，有这三种应受礼敬的人：先受具足戒者应受后受具足戒者礼敬；说正法的新住异界年长者应受礼敬；诸比丘，在包含天、魔、梵的世间，在包含沙门、婆罗门、人天的一切众生中，如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者应受礼敬。诸比丘啊，这就是三种应受礼敬的人。
‘‘Tayome, bhikkhave, vandiyā – pacchā upasampannena pure upasampanno vandiyo, nānāsaṃvāsako vuḍḍhataro dhammavādī vandiyo, sadevake bhikkhave loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vandiyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo vandiyā’’ti.
117拒绝座位拒绝
Āsanappaṭibāhanapaṭikkhepaṃ
313那时，人们为了僧团而准备了凉亭，准备了敷具，准备了空地。六群比丘的随学弟子比丘们心想：世尊只允许僧团的物品按年龄大小分配使用，没允许指定供养的物品也这样。于是他们就抢在以佛陀为首的僧团前面，把凉亭、敷具、空地都占了，说：这个是给我们戒师的，这个是给我们教授师的，这个是给我们的。那时，萨利子尊者走在以佛陀为首的僧团后面，因为凉亭、敷具、空地都被占了，他找不到位置，就坐在了一棵树下。那时，世尊在深夜天
Tena kho pana samayena manussā saṅghaṃ uddissa maṇḍape paṭiyādenti, santhare paṭiyādenti, okāse paṭiyādenti. Chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antevāsikā bhikkhū – ‘saṅghikaññeva bhagavatā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ anuññātaṃ , no uddissakata’nti buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā maṇḍapepi pariggaṇhanti, santharepi pariggaṇhanti, okāsepi pariggaṇhanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatīti. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā maṇḍapesu pariggahitesu, santharesu pariggahitesu, okāsesu pariggahitesu, okāsaṃ alabhamāno aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya ukkāsi. Āyasmāpi sāriputto ukkāsi. ‘‘Ko etthā’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ, bhagavā, sāriputto’’ti. ‘‘Kissa tvaṃ, sāriputta, idha nisinno’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antevāsikā bhikkhū – ‘saṅghikaññeva bhagavatā yathāvuḍḍhaṃ anuññātaṃ, no uddissakata’nti buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā maṇḍape pariggaṇhanti, santhare pariggaṇhanti, okāse pariggaṇhanti – idaṃ amhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ bhavissati, idaṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, uddissakatampi yathāvuḍḍhaṃ paṭibāhetabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
119允许居士作
Gihivikataanujānanaṃ
314那时，人们在施食处的室内铺设了高座大床，比如：高脚椅、长榻、绒毛褥、彩绣毯、长毛毡、羊毛毯、棉垫、彩纹被、双面毛被、单面毛被、丝织毯、羊毛毯、带脚垫的靠椅、象氈、马氈、车氈、整张兽皮铺盖、迦达利鹿皮最上敷具、带有上盖的床、两端有红色枕头的床。比丘们心生疑虑，不敢坐下。他们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：诸比丘，除了高脚椅、长榻、棉垫这三种之外，我允许你们坐上在家人处理过的其他座具，但不允许躺下。
Tena kho pana samayena manussā bhattagge antaraghare uccāsayanamahāsayanāni paññapenti, seyyathidaṃ – āsandiṃ, pallaṅkaṃ, gonakaṃ, cittakaṃ, paṭikaṃ, paṭalikaṃ, tūlikaṃ, vikatikaṃ, uddalomiṃ, ekantalomiṃ, kaṭṭissaṃ, koseyyaṃ , kuttakaṃ, hatthattharaṃ, assattharaṃ, rathattharaṃ, ajinapaveṇiṃ, kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ, sauttaracchadaṃ, ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nābhinisīdanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā tīṇi – āsandiṃ, pallaṅkaṃ, tūlikaṃ – gihivikataṃ abhinisīdituṃ, natveva abhinipajjitu’’nti.
77尔时，人们在食堂、在室内铺设填充棉花的床和椅。诸比丘疑虑而不坐。他们将此事告诉世尊。「诸比丘，我允许坐在居士所作的(座位上)，但不可躺卧。」
Tena kho pana samayena manussā bhattagge antaraghare tūlonaddhaṃ mañcampi pīṭhampi paññapenti . Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nābhinisīdanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gihivikataṃ abhinisīdituṃ, natveva abhinipajjitu’’nti.
122祇园住所随喜
Jetavanavihārānumodanā
315那时，世尊次第游行，来到了沙瓦提城。那时，世尊就住在沙瓦提城的揭德林给孤独园。这时，给孤独居士来到世尊那里，到了之后，礼敬世尊，坐在一边。坐在一边的给孤独居士对世尊这样说：“尊者，愿世尊明天和比丘僧团一起，接受我的饭食。”世尊默然接受了。给孤独居士知道世尊接受后，从座位起身，礼敬世尊，右绕之后离开了。那一夜过后，给孤独居士让人准备了丰盛的主食和副食，然后派人去告诉世尊：“时候到了，尊者，饭食已经备好。”那时，世尊在午前时分，穿好下衣，拿着钵和衣，前往给孤独居士的住处，到了之后，在铺设好的座位上，和比丘僧团一起坐下。这时，给孤独居士亲手以丰盛的主食和副食，供奉并劝请以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，直到他们吃饱。看到世尊吃完，手离开钵后，他便坐在一边。坐在一边的给孤独居士对世尊这样说：“尊者，我该如何处理这座揭德林呢？”“那么，居士，你就把揭德林，供养给来自四方、现在和未来的僧团吧。”“是的，尊者。”给孤独居士回答世尊后，就把揭德林供养给了来自四方、现在和未来的僧团。
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ, ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathāhaṃ, bhante, jetavane paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, gahapati, jetavanaṃ āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhapehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato paṭissutvā jetavanaṃ āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpesi.
79那时，世尊用这些偈颂随喜赞叹给孤独居士：
Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –
125“它阻挡寒冷與酷熱，也阻挡种种猛兽，
‘‘Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ paṭihanti, tato vāḷamigāni ca;
126还有蛇虫、蚊蚋，以及冷季里的种种降雨。
Sarīsape ca makase, sisire cāpi vuṭṭhiyo.
127“那因此生起的酷热狂风，也被阻挡在外；
‘‘Tato vātātapo ghoro, sañjāto paṭihaññati;
128为了庇护，也为了安乐，为了禅修和洞察观照。
Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, jhāyituñca vipassituṃ.
129“为僧团布施住所，佛陀赞叹这是最上的布施；
‘‘Vihāradānaṃ saṅghassa, aggaṃ buddhena vaṇṇitaṃ;
130所以，一个有智慧的人，看到自己的利益。”
Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṃ atthamattano.
131应当建造令人愉悦的精舍，并在那里安住多闻的比丘；
‘‘Vihāre kāraye ramme, vāsayettha bahussute;
132以虔诚的心，将食物、饮料、衣物和卧具，
Tesaṃ annañca pānañca, vatthasenāsanāni ca;
133布施给那些正直的人。
Dadeyya ujubhūtesu, vippasannena cetasā.
134他们会为他开示佛法，这法能消除一切苦；
‘‘Te tassa dhammaṃ desenti, sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṃ;
135他于此了知这个法后，便会无漏般涅槃。
Yaṃ so dhammaṃ idhaññāya, parinibbāti anāsavo’’ti.
80那时，世尊用这些偈颂随喜了给孤独居士后，从座位起身离开了。
Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
137座位拒绝等
Āsanappaṭibāhanādi
316那时，某位外道弟子的大臣布施了僧食。释迦族优波难陀尊者后到，让正吃到一半的邻座比丘站起来，食堂里顿时喧闹起来。那位大臣便讥嫌、批评、指责道：‘沙门释子怎么能在后到后，让正吃饭的比丘站起来呢！闹得食堂一片喧哗。难道不能在别处坐下，随意吃饱吗？’诸比丘听见了那位大臣的讥嫌、批评、指责。那些少欲的比丘也讥嫌、批评、指责道：‘释迦族优波难陀尊者怎么能在后到后，让正吃饭的比丘站起来呢！闹得食堂一片喧哗。’于是，那些比丘将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊问道：‘优波难陀，你确实在后到后，让正吃饭的比丘站起来，闹得食堂一片喧哗吗？’‘是的，世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责……‘愚人！你怎么能在后到后，让正吃饭的比丘站起来呢！食堂一片喧哗。愚人，这不能使未信者生信……’呵责后，说法后，对比丘们说：‘诸比丘，不应让正吃饭的比丘站起来。若让人站起，犯恶作。如果让人站起，而对方已经停止进食，则应说：“去取水来。”如果能这样做到，就好；如果做不到，那就妥善地咽下饭粒，把座位让给年长的比丘。诸位比丘，我不以任何理由说可以阻挡年长比丘的座位。若阻挡，犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa ājīvakasāvakassa mahāmattassa saṅghabhattaṃ hoti. Āyasmā upanando sakyaputto pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpesi. Bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosi. Atha kho so mahāmatto ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosi. Nanu nāma labbhā aññatrāpi nisinnena yāvadatthaṃ bhuñjitu’’nti? Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tassa mahāmattassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma āyasmā upanando sakyaputto pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpessati! Bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, upananda, pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpesi, bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṃ ānantarikaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpessasi? Bhattaggaṃ kolāhalaṃ ahosi. Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, vippakatabhojano bhikkhu vuṭṭhāpetabbo. Yo vuṭṭhāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sace vuṭṭhāpeti, pavārito ca hoti, ‘gaccha udakaṃ āharā’ti vattabbo. Evañcetaṃ labhetha, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce labhetha, sādhukaṃ sitthāni gilitvā vuḍḍhatarassa bhikkhuno āsanaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kenaci pariyāyena vuḍḍhatarassa bhikkhuno āsanaṃ paṭibāhitabbanti vadāmi. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti’’.
82那时，六群比丘让生病的比丘们站起来。病比丘们说：‘贤友们，我们站不起来，我们病了。’六群比丘说：‘我们要扶你们站起来。’于是他们抓住病比丘，扶着站起来后，在站着的时候就把手松开了。病比丘们晕倒跌下。他们将此事禀告了世尊。世尊说：‘诸比丘，不应让生病的比丘站起来。若让人站起，犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū gilāne bhikkhū vuṭṭhāpenti. Gilānā evaṃ vadenti – ‘‘na mayaṃ, āvuso, sakkoma vuṭṭhātuṃ, gilānāmhā’’ti. ‘‘Mayaṃ āyasmante vuṭṭhāpessāmā’’ti pariggahetvā vuṭṭhāpetvā ṭhitake muñcanti. Gilānā mucchitā papatanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, gilāno vuṭṭhāpetabbo. Yo vuṭṭhāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
83那时，六群比丘心想：“我们病了，不应该被赶起来。”于是他们就霸占着最好的卧铺。比丘们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许给病人安排合适的床铺。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ‘gilānā mayamhā avuṭṭhāpanīyā’ti varaseyyāyo palibuddhenti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa patirūpaṃ seyyaṃ dātu’’nti.
84那时，六群比丘用各种借口占着卧坐处不让。比丘们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应该用借口霸占卧坐处。如果谁霸占，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū lesakappena senāsanaṃ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, lesakappena senāsanaṃ paṭibāhitabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
85那时，十七群比丘正在修缮某边境处的一座大寺院，心想：“我们要在这里入雨安居。”六群比丘看见十七群比丘在修寺院。看见后，他们这样说：“贤友们，这些十七群比丘在修寺院。来，我们把他们赶走！”有一些人说：“贤友们，等一等，等他们修完了，修好之后我们再赶他们走。”后来，六群比丘就对十七群比丘说：“贤友们，起来吧，这寺院轮到我们了。”十七群比丘说：“贤友们，难道不应该提前告知一声吗？那样我们也好去修别的。”六群比丘说：“贤友们，这寺院是僧团的，不是吗？”“是的，贤友，是僧团的。”“起来吧，贤友们，这寺院轮到我们了。”十七群比丘说：“贤友，这寺院很大，你们也可以住，我们也可以住啊。”六群比丘生气、不高兴，抓住他们的脖子就把他们往外拖。那些被拖出来的比丘哭了起来。其他比丘问他们：“贤友们，你们为什么哭啊？”他们回答说：“贤友们，那些六群比丘生气、不高兴，把我们从僧团的寺院里拖了出来。”那些少欲知足的比丘们……就指责、批评、呵斥道：“六群比丘怎么能生气、不高兴就把比丘们从僧团的寺院里拖出来呢！”于是，那些比丘将这件事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，听说你们真的生气、不高兴，就把比丘们从僧团的寺院里拖出来了吗？”“是真的，世尊。”世尊呵责了他们，说法后，对比丘们说：“诸比丘，一个比丘不应该在生气、不高兴时把别的比丘从僧团的寺院里赶出去。如果赶出去，应该按照相应的法规处理。诸比丘，我允许分配卧坐处。”
Tena kho pana samayena sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū aññataraṃ paccantimaṃ mahāvihāraṃ paṭisaṅkharonti – ‘idha mayaṃ vassaṃ vasissāmā’ti. Addasaṃsu kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū vihāraṃ paṭisaṅkharonte. Disvāna evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘ime, āvuso, sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū vihāraṃ paṭisaṅkharonti. Handa ne vuṭṭhāpessāmā’’ti. Ekacce evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘āgamethāvuso, yāva paṭisaṅkharonti, paṭisaṅkhate vuṭṭhāpessāmā’’ti. Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṃ vihāro pāpuṇātī’’ti. ‘‘Nanu, āvuso, paṭikacceva ācikkhitabbaṃ? Mayañcaññaṃ paṭisaṅkhareyyāmā’’ti. ‘‘Nanu, āvuso, saṅghiko vihāro’’ti? ‘‘Āmāvuso, saṅghiko vihāro’’ti. ‘‘Uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṃ vihāro pāpuṇātī’’ti. ‘‘Mahallako, āvuso, vihāro; tumhepi vasatha, mayampi vasissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṃ vihāro pāpuṇātī’’ti kupitā anattamanā gīvāyaṃ gahetvā nikkaḍḍhanti. Te nikkaḍḍhiyamānā rodanti. Bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘kissa tumhe, āvuso, rodathā’’ti? ‘‘Ime, āvuso, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā amhe saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhantī’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā bhikkhū saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, tumhe bhikkhave, kupitā anattamanā saṅghikā vihārā bhikkhū nikkaḍḍhathā’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, kupitena anattamanena bhikkhu saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhitabbo. Yo nikkaḍḍheyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, senāsanaṃ gāhetu’’nti.
143住所分配者结集
Senāsanaggāhāpakasammuti
317那时，比丘们心里想：“应该由谁来分配卧坐处呢？”他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许僧团委任一位具备五种素质的比丘做分配卧坐处者：他不会因为贪爱而行事，不会因为嗔恨而行事，不会因为愚痴而行事，不会因为恐惧而行事，并且知道哪些已经分配了，哪些还没有分配。诸比丘，应该这样委任：”
Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘kena nu kho senāsanaṃ gāhetabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ …pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ senāsanaggāhāpakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, gahitāgahitañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo –
87“首先，应该请求那位比丘同意。请求之后，由一位有能力、有资历的比丘向僧团宣告：”
‘‘Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
88“尊者们，请僧团听我说。如果僧团觉得时机合适，僧团可以委任某某比丘为分配卧坐处者。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ senāsanaggāhāpakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
89“尊者们，请僧团听我说。僧团委任某某比丘为分配卧坐处者。哪位尊者同意委任某某比丘做分配卧坐处者，请保持沉默；哪位不同意，请说。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ senāsanaggāhāpakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno senāsanaggāhāpakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
90“某某比丘已被僧团委任为分配卧坐处者。僧团同意，因此他保持沉默，这件事就这样确定下来。”
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu senāsanaggāhāpako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti .
318那时，负责分配住所的比丘们心里想：“应该怎么分配住所呢？”他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许你们先数比丘人数，数完比丘后，再数床位数量，数完床位后，按照床位数来分配。”按照床位数分配时，有些床位被顶替出去了……（世尊说：）“诸比丘，我允许按照精舍的数量来分配。”按照精舍数量分配时，有些精舍被顶替出去了……（世尊说：）“诸比丘，我允许按照院落的数量来分配。”按照院落数量分配时，有些院落又被顶替出去了……（世尊说：）“诸比丘，我允许也给予分得的部分。当分得的部分已经接受后，如果有其他比丘到来，如果他不乐意，就不应该给他。”
Atha kho senāsanaggāhāpakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho senāsanaṃ gāhetabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ bhikkhū gaṇetuṃ , bhikkhū gaṇetvā seyyā gaṇetuṃ, seyyā gaṇetvā seyyaggena gāhetu’’nti. Seyyaggena gāhentā seyyā ussārayiṃsu…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāraggena gāhetu’’nti. Vihāraggena gāhentā vihārā ussārayiṃsu…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pariveṇaggena gāhetu’’nti. Pariveṇaggena gāhentā pariveṇā ussārayiṃsu…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anubhāgampi dātuṃ. Gahite anubhāge añño bhikkhu āgacchati, na akāmā dātabbo’’ti.
92那时，比丘们把住所分给站在界外的人。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应该把住所分给站在界外的人。如果谁这样分，就犯恶作罪。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū nissīme ṭhitassa senāsanaṃ gāhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, nissīme ṭhitassa senāsanaṃ gāhetabbaṃ. Yo gāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
93那时，比丘们分到住所后，就整天把它占着。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，分到住所后不应该整天占据。如果谁占据，就犯恶作罪。诸比丘，我允许在雨安居的三个月期间占据，但在非安居期间则不应占据。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū senāsanaṃ gahetvā sabbakālaṃ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, senāsanaṃ gahetvā sabbakālaṃ paṭibāhetabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vassānaṃ temāsaṃ paṭibāhituṃ, utukālaṃ pana na paṭibāhitu’’nti.
94那时，比丘们心里想：“究竟有几种分配住所的方式呢？”他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，有三种分配住所的方式：提前分配、后续分配、以及中间突击分配。在阿沙荼月月盈过半的次日之后，应该进行提前分配；在阿沙荼月满月之日，应该进行后续分配；在自恣日次日之后，为了来年的安居，应该进行中间突击分配。诸比丘，这就是三种分配住所的方式。”
Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kati nu kho senāsanaggāhā’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Tayo me, bhikkhave, senāsanaggāhā – purimako, pacchimako, antarāmuttako. Aparajjugatāya āsāḷhiyā purimako gāhetabbo. Māsagatāya āsāḷhiyā pacchimako gāhetabbo. Aparajjugatāya pavāraṇāya āyatiṃ vassāvāsatthāya antarāmuttako gāhetabbo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo senāsanaggāhā’’ti.
153第二诵品完
Dutiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
1543. 第三诵品
3. Tatiyabhāṇavāro
319那时，具寿优波难陀·释迦子在舍卫城分到了一处住所，之后又去了另一个村庄寺院。在那里，他又分到了一处住所。于是，那些比丘们心想：“这位优波难陀·释迦子尊者，是个争吵制造者、纠纷制造者、争论制造者、口舌制造者，在僧团里惹事生非。如果他在这里安居，我们每个人都不得安宁。来，我们去问问他。”于是，那些比丘对具寿优波难陀·释迦子说：“优波难陀贤友，你不是已经在舍卫城分到住所了吗？”他回答：“是的，贤友。”“那么，优波难陀贤友，你怎么能一个人占两处呢？”他回答：“贤友，我在这里放掉，再到那边去拿。”那些少欲知足的比丘们……感到不满、批评、指责，说：“具寿优波难陀·释迦子怎么能一个人占两处住所呢！”他们把这件事禀告世尊……世尊问：“优波难陀，你真的是一个人占两处吗？”他回答：“是真的，世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责他……说：“你这愚人，怎么能一个人占两处呢？你这愚人，你在那边拿了，在这里就放弃了；你在这里拿了，在那边就放弃了。你这愚人，这样你在两边都被排除在外了。这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……”呵责之后……做了法话开示后，世尊告诉比丘们：“诸比丘，一个人不应该占两处住所。如果谁这样占，就犯恶作罪。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā upanando sakyaputto sāvatthiyaṃ senāsanaṃ gahetvā aññataraṃ gāmakāvāsaṃ agamāsi. Tatthapi senāsanaṃ aggahesi. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ, āvuso, āyasmā upanando sakyaputto bhaṇḍanakārako kalahakārako vivādakārako bhassakārako saṅghe adhikaraṇakārako. Sacāyaṃ idha vassaṃ vasissati, sabbeva mayaṃ na phāsu bhavissāma. Handa naṃ pucchāmā’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ upanandaṃ sakyaputtaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘nanu tayā, āvuso upananda, sāvatthiyaṃ senāsanaṃ gahita’’nti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso upananda, eko dve paṭibāhasī’’ti? ‘‘Idhadānāhaṃ āvuso, muñcāmi; tattha gaṇhāmī’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma āyasmā upanando sakyaputto eko dve paṭibāhessatī’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, upananda, eko dve paṭibāhasī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, eko dve paṭibāhissasi? Tattha tayā, moghapurisa, gahitaṃ idha muttaṃ, idha tayā gahitaṃ tatra muttaṃ. Evaṃ kho tvaṃ, moghapurisa, ubhayattha paribāhiro. Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, ekena dve paṭibāhetabbā. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
320那时，世尊以种种方式为比丘们讲解律藏的意义，赞叹律藏，赞叹学习律藏，并且一再地赞叹具寿优婆离尊者。比丘们心想：“世尊以种种方式讲解律藏的意义，赞叹律藏，赞叹学习律藏，又一再地赞叹具寿优婆离尊者。贤友们，我们就到具寿优婆离尊者那里去学习律藏吧。”那时，很多比丘，有长老、新学比丘和中座比丘，都到具寿优婆离尊者那里去学习律藏。具寿优婆离尊者出于对长老比丘们的恭敬，站着教授。而长老比丘们出于对法的恭敬，也站着听他教授。弄得那些长老比丘们很疲惫，具寿优婆离尊者也很疲惫。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许新学比丘在教授时，可以坐在同样高度的座位上，或者出于对法的恭敬坐在更高的座位上；我允许长老比丘在请人教授时，可以坐在同样高度的座位上，或者出于对法的恭敬坐在更低的座位上。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ anekapariyāyena vinayakathaṃ katheti, vinayassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, vinayapariyattiyā vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ādissa ādissa āyasmato upālissa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘bhagavā kho anekapariyāyena vinayakathaṃ katheti, vinayassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, vinayapariyattiyā vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ādissa ādissa āyasmato upālissa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, āyasmato upālissa santike vinayaṃ pariyāpuṇāmā’’ti. Tedha bahū bhikkhū therā ca navā ca majjhimā ca āyasmato upālissa santike vinayaṃ pariyāpuṇanti. Āyasmā upāli ṭhitakova uddisati therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ gāravena. Therāpi bhikkhū ṭhitakāva uddisāpenti dhammagāravena. Tattha therā ceva bhikkhū kilamanti, āyasmā ca upāli kilamati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, navakena bhikkhunā uddisantena samake vā āsane nisīdituṃ, uccatare vā dhammagāravena; therena bhikkhunā uddisāpentena samake vā āsane nisīdituṃ, nīcatare vā dhammagāravenā’’ti.
97那时，很多比丘在具寿优婆离尊者那里站着等听他讲授，弄得很疲惫。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许同座资格的人一起坐下。”接着，比丘们心里想：“怎么样才算是有同座资格呢？”他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许相差不超过三戒腊的人一起坐下。”
Tena kho pana samayena bahū bhikkhū āyasmato upālissa santike ṭhitakā uddesaṃ paṭimānentā kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, samānāsanikehi saha nisīditu’’nti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kittāvatā nu kho samānāsaniko hotī’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tivassantarena saha nisīditu’’nti.
98那时，有好几位有同座资格的比丘一起坐在床上，把床坐坏了；一起坐在椅子上，把椅子坐坏了。他们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许床只坐三人，椅子只坐三人。” 但三人一起坐在床上，还是把床坐坏了；一起坐在椅子上，还是把椅子坐坏了……（世尊说：）“诸比丘，我允许床只坐两人，椅子只坐两人。”
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū samānāsanikā mañce nisīditvā mañcaṃ bhindiṃsu, pīṭhe nisīditvā pīṭhaṃ bhindiṃsu. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tivaggassa mañcaṃ, tivaggassa pīṭha’’nti. Tivaggopi mañce nisīditvā mañcaṃ bhindi, pīṭhe nisīditvā pīṭhaṃ bhindi…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, duvaggassa mañcaṃ, duvaggassa pīṭha’’nti.
99那时，比丘们对于和不是同座法的人一起坐在长凳上感到不安。他们把这件事报告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许除了黄门、女人、两性人之外，和不是同座法的人一起坐在长凳上。”那时，比丘们心里想：“到底多长才算是长凳的最后部分呢？”他们把这件事报告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许能容纳三人的那部分作为长凳的最后部分。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū asamānāsanikehi saha dīghāsane nisīdituṃ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā paṇḍakaṃ, mātugāmaṃ, ubhatobyañjanakaṃ, asamānāsanikehi saha dīghāsane nisīditu’’nti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kittakaṃ pacchimaṃ nu kho dīghāsanaṃ hotī’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ tiṇṇaṃ pahoti, ettakaṃ pacchimaṃ dīghāsana’’nti.
100那时，维沙卡·弥伽罗母想为僧团建造一座带有柱顶雕刻装饰的殿堂。那时，比丘们心里想：“对于殿堂的使用，世尊到底开许了什么，没有开许什么？”他们把这件事报告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用一切的殿堂。”
Tena kho pana samayena visākhā migāramātā saṅghassa atthāya sāḷindaṃ pāsādaṃ kārāpetukāmā hoti hatthinakhakaṃ. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā pāsādaparibhogo anuññāto kiṃ ananuññāto’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ pāsādaparibhoga’’nti.
101那时，果萨罗国的巴谢那地王的祖母去世了。因为她去世，僧团得到了很多不如法的物品，也就是：高脚椅子、长脚卧榻、长毛大毯、彩绣毯、白羊毛毯、绣花毯、内装棉絮的垫子、表面有虎豹等图案的毯子、双面有毛的毯子、单面有毛的毯子、金线织成的毯子、丝绸毯、适合十六位舞女站着跳舞的大地毯、象毯、马毯、车毯、羚羊皮缝制的席子、迦达利鹿王皮的殊胜坐具、有顶盖的卧床、两端红色的大枕头。他们把这件事报告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许把高脚椅子的脚砍断后使用；把长脚卧榻的脚或兽形雕刻破坏后使用；把内装棉絮的垫子拆开，做成枕头；剩下的物品，做成地垫使用。”
Tena kho pana samayena rañño pasenadissa kosalassa ayyikā kālaṅkatā hoti. Tassa kālaṅkiriyāya saṅghassa bahuṃ akappiyabhaṇḍaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, seyyathidaṃ – āsandi, pallaṅko, gonako , cittako, paṭikā, paṭalikā, tūlikā, vikatikā, uddalomī, ekantalomī, kaṭṭissaṃ, koseyyaṃ, kuttakaṃ, hatthattharaṃ, assattharaṃ, rathattharaṃ, ajinappaveṇi, kadalimigappavarapaccattharaṇaṃ, sauttaracchadaṃ, ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āsandiyā pāde chinditvā paribhuñjituṃ, pallaṅkassa vāḷe bhinditvā paribhuñjituṃ, tūlikaṃ vijaṭetvā bibbohanaṃ kātuṃ, avasesaṃ bhūmattharaṇaṃ kātu’’nti.
162不应舍事
Avissajjiyavatthu
321那时，在离沙瓦提城不远的一个村庄寺院里，住寺的比丘们因为要给来去云游的比丘们铺设坐卧处而感到被骚扰。那时，那些比丘们心里想：“朋友们，我们现在因为要给来去云游的比丘们铺设坐卧处而感到被骚扰。朋友们，来吧，我们把所有属于僧团的坐卧处都送给一个人。我们就当作是他私人的东西来使用吧。”他们就把所有属于僧团的坐卧处都送给了一个人。那些云游的比丘们对这些比丘说：“朋友们，请为我们铺设坐卧处吧。”“朋友们，没有属于僧团的坐卧处了，全都被我们送给一个人了。”“朋友们，你们怎么会把属于僧团的坐卧处给分发出去呢？”“是的，朋友们。”那些少欲知足的比丘们……讥嫌、批评、指责他们说：“比丘们怎么能把属于僧团的坐卧处分发出去呢！”于是，那些比丘把这件事报告了世尊……世尊说：“诸比丘，听说比丘们真的把属于僧团的坐卧处分发出去，这是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了他们……说：“诸比丘，那些愚人怎么能把属于僧团的坐卧处分发出去呢？诸比丘，这不能让没有信心的人产生信心……呵责完之后……作了开示后，对诸比丘们说：
Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyā avidūre aññatarasmiṃ gāmakāvāse āvāsikā bhikkhū upaddutā honti āgantukagamikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapentā. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘etarahi kho mayaṃ, āvuso, upaddutā āgantukagamikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapentā. Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, sabbaṃ saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ ekassa dema. Tassa santakaṃ paribhuñjissāmā’’ti. Te sabbaṃ saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ ekassa adaṃsu. Āgantukā bhikkhū te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘amhākaṃ, āvuso, senāsanaṃ paññāpethā’’ti. ‘‘Natthāvuso, saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ; sabbaṃ amhehi ekassa dinna’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tumhe, āvuso, saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ vissajjethā’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhū saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ vissajjessantī’’ti ! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ vissajjentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ vissajjessanti? Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
103“诸比丘，有这五种不可分发之物，无论是僧团、小组还是个人，都不应该分发它们。即使被分发了，也等于没有被分发。如果谁分发了，犯土喇吒耶罪。哪五种呢？第一：园林、园林地。这是第一种不可分发之物，无论是僧团、小组还是个人，都不应该分发它。即使被分发了，也等于没有被分发。如果谁分发了，犯土喇吒耶罪。
‘‘Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, avissajjiyāni, na vissajjetabbāni , saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitānipi avissajjitāni honti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Katamāni pañca? Ārāmo, ārāmavatthu – idaṃ paṭhamaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
104“第二：住所、住所地。这是第二种不可分发之物，无论是僧团、小组还是个人，都不应该分发它。即使被分发了，也等于没有被分发。如果谁分发了，犯土喇吒耶罪。
‘‘Vihāro, vihāravatthu – idaṃ dutiyaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggallena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
105“第三：床、椅子、床垫、枕头。这是第三种不可分发之物，无论是僧团、小组还是个人，都不应该分发它们。即使被分发了，也等于没有被分发。如果谁分发了，犯土喇吒耶罪。
‘‘Mañco, pīṭhaṃ, bhisi, bibbohanaṃ – idaṃ tatiyaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
106“第四：铜锅、铜盆、铜壶、铜水缸、斧头、砍刀、小斧、锄头、凿子。这是第四种不可分发之物，无论是僧团、小组还是个人，都不应该分发它们。即使被分发了，也等于没有被分发。如果谁分发了，犯土喇吒耶罪。”
‘‘Lohakumbhī , lohabhāṇakaṃ, lohavārako, lohakaṭāhaṃ, vāsi, parasu , kuṭhārī , kudālo, nikhādanaṃ – idaṃ catutthaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
107“藤条、竹子、文阇草、波巴草、茅草、黏土、木器、陶器——这是第五种不可分发的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人分发。即使被分发了，也等于没分发。如果谁分发了，犯偷兰遮罪。诸比丘，这些就是五种不可分发的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人分发。即使被分发了，也等于没分发。如果谁分发了，犯偷兰遮罪。”
‘‘Valli, veḷu, muñjaṃ, pabbajaṃ , tiṇaṃ, mattikā, dārubhaṇḍaṃ, mattikābhaṇḍaṃ – idaṃ pañcamaṃ avissajjiyaṃ, na vissajjetabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṃ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca avissajjiyāni, na vissajjetabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitānipi avissajjitāni honti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
169不应交换事
Avebhaṅgiyavatthu
322那时，世尊在舍卫城随心所欲地住了一段时间后，便与大约五百位比丘的大僧团，以及舍利弗和目犍连一起，向基塔山方向游化。马胜和满宿比丘听说：“世尊好像正与大约五百位比丘的大僧团，以及舍利弗和目犍连一起，要到基塔山来了。”他们就说：“朋友们，来吧，我们把所有僧团的卧坐处都分了吧。舍利弗和目犍连是恶欲者，被恶欲所支配；我们不会为他们铺设卧坐处。”于是，他们把僧团所有的卧坐处都分了。那时，世尊依次游化，来到了基塔山。世尊便招呼了多位比丘：“去吧，比丘们，你们去靠近马胜和满宿比丘，这样对他们说：‘朋友们，世尊正与大约五百位比丘的大僧团，以及舍利弗和目犍连一起来呢。朋友们，请为世尊铺设卧坐处，也为比丘僧团，以及舍利弗和目犍连铺设卧坐处。’”“是的，尊者。”那些比丘回应世尊后，就前往马胜和满宿比丘那里。到了以后，对马胜和满宿比丘这样说：“朋友们，世尊正与大约五百位比丘的大僧团，以及舍利弗和目犍连一起来呢。朋友们，请为世尊铺设卧坐处，也为比丘僧团，以及舍利弗和目犍连铺设卧坐处。”“朋友们，没有僧团的卧坐处了。全部都被我们分掉了。欢迎世尊，朋友们。世尊想住哪间精舍，就去住哪间精舍吧。舍利弗和目犍连是恶欲者，被恶欲所支配。我们不会为他们铺设卧坐处。”“朋友，你们真的把僧团的卧坐处都分了吗？”“是的，朋友。”那些少欲知足的比丘们……纷纷指责、批评、非难说：“马胜和满宿比丘怎么能把僧团的卧坐处分掉呢！”然后，那些比丘把这件事报告了世尊……世尊说：“比丘们，这是真的吗？……”“是真的，世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说：“比丘们，这些糊涂人怎么能把僧团的卧坐处分掉呢？比丘们，这不能让未信者生信……呵责之后……说法之后，世尊招呼比丘们说：
Atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena kīṭāgiri tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca. Assosuṃ kho assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū – ‘‘bhagavā kira kīṭāgiriṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca’’. ‘‘Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, sabbaṃ saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājema. Pāpicchā sāriputtamoggallānā, pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā; na mayaṃ tesaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapessāmā’’ti, te sabbaṃ saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena kīṭāgiri tadavasari. Atha kho bhagavā sambahule bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘gacchatha tumhe, bhikkhave; assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadetha – ‘bhagavā, āvuso, āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca. Bhagavato ca, āvuso, senāsanaṃ paññapetha, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca, sāriputtamoggallānānañcā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā yena assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘bhagavā, āvuso, āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca . Bhagavato ca, āvuso, senāsanaṃ paññapetha, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca, sāriputtamoggallānānañcā’’ti. ‘‘Natthāvuso, saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ. Sabbaṃ amhehi bhājitaṃ. Svāgataṃ, āvuso, bhagavato. Yasmiṃ vihāre bhagavā icchissati tasmiṃ vihāre vasissati. Pāpicchā sāriputtamoggallānā, pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā. Na mayaṃ tesaṃ senāsanaṃ paññapessāmā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tumhe, āvuso, saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājitthā’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājessantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā saṅghikaṃ senāsanaṃ bhājessanti? Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
109“诸比丘，有这五种不可分的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人去分。即使被分了，也等于没分。如果谁去分了，犯偷兰遮罪。哪五种呢？园林、园林地——这是第一种不可分的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人去分。即使被分了，也等于没分。如果谁去分了，犯偷兰遮罪。
‘‘Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, avebhaṅgiyāni , na vibhajitabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattānipi avibhattāni honti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Katamāni pañca? Ārāmo, ārāmavatthu – idaṃ paṭhamaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
110精舍、精舍地——这是第二种不可分的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人去分。即使被分了，也等于没分。如果谁去分了，犯偷兰遮罪。
‘‘Vihāro, vihāravatthu – idaṃ dutiyaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
111床、凳子、床垫、枕头——这是第三种不可分的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人去分。即使被分了，也等于没分。如果谁去分了，犯偷兰遮罪。
‘‘Mañco, pīṭhaṃ, bhisi, bibbohanaṃ – idaṃ tatiyaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
112铜水壶、铜水罐、铜水缸、铜水槽、斧头、镰刀、砍刀、锄头、凿子——这是第四种不可分的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人去分。即使被分了，也等于没分。如果谁去分了，犯偷兰遮罪。
‘‘Lohakumbhī, lohabhāṇakaṃ, lohavārako, lohakaṭāhaṃ, vāsī, parasu, kuṭhārī, kudālo, nikhādanaṃ – idaṃ catutthaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
113藤条、竹子、文阇草、波巴草、茅草、黏土、木器、陶器——这是第五种不可分的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人去分。即使被分了，也等于没分。如果谁去分了，犯偷兰遮罪。诸比丘，这些就是五种不可分的，不应该由僧团、僧组或个人去分。即使被分了，也等于没分。如果谁去分了，犯偷兰遮罪。”
‘‘Vallī, veḷu, muñjaṃ, pabbajaṃ, tiṇaṃ, mattikā, dārubhaṇḍaṃ, mattikābhaṇḍaṃ – idaṃ pañcamaṃ avebhaṅgiyaṃ, na vibhajitabbaṃ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṃ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca avebhaṅgiyāni, na vibhajitabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattānipi avibhattāni honti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
176新建施与论
Navakammadānakathā
323那时，世尊在基塔山随心所欲地住了一段时间后，便向阿拉维方向游化。他依次一路游化，来到了阿拉维。在那里，世尊就住在阿拉维的阿伽拉瓦塔庙。而那时，阿拉维的比丘们指派这样的新造屋舍工作：他们因为只是放个钵就指派为新造工作；因为只是涂个墙灰就指派为新造工作；因为只是装个门扇就指派为新造工作；因为只是做个门闩就指派为新造工作；因为只是开个窗户就指派为新造工作；因为只是刷白色就指派为新造工作；因为只是刷黑色就指派为新造工作；因为只是用红土粉刷就指派为新造工作；因为只是铺个屋顶就指派为新造工作；因为只是捆绑一下就指派为新造工作；因为只是放个物品架就指派为新造工作；因为只是修补破损处就指派为新造工作；因为只是做个围墙地面就指派为新造工作；他们指派为期二十年的新造工作；指派为期三十年的新造工作；指派终身的新造工作；甚至指派那种已经完工、只需熏顶的精舍作为新造工作。那些少欲知足的比丘们……纷纷指责、批评、非难说：“阿拉维的比丘怎么能指派这样的新造屋舍工作呢——因为只是放个钵就指派为新造工作；因为只是涂个墙灰……装个门扇……做个门闩……开个窗户……刷白色……刷黑色……用红土粉刷……铺个屋顶……捆绑一下……放个物品架……修补破损处……做个围墙地面……指派为期二十年的……为期三十年的……终身的……甚至指派那种已经完工、只需熏顶的精舍作为新造工作呢！”他们把这件事报告了世尊……世尊说：“比丘们，这是真的吗？……”“是真的，世尊。”……呵责之后……说法之后，世尊招呼比丘们说：“诸比丘，不应该因为只是放个钵就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是涂个墙灰就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是装个门扇就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是做个门闩就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是开个窗户就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是刷白色就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是刷黑色就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是用红土粉刷就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是铺个屋顶就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是捆绑一下就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是放个物品架就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是修补破损处就指派新造工作；不应该因为只是做个围墙地面就指派新造工作；不应该指派为期二十年的新造工作；不应该指派为期三十年的新造工作；不应该指派终身的新造工作；不应该指派那种已经完工、只需熏顶的精舍作为新造工作。如果谁指派了，犯恶作罪。诸比丘，我允许，对于尚未建成或尚未完工的，可以指派新造工作；对于小型精舍，衡量工作量后，可以指派为期五到六年的新造工作；对于半圆顶式建筑，衡量工作量后，可以指派为期七到八年的新造工作；对于大型精舍或殿堂，衡量工作量后，可以指派为期十到十二年的新造工作。”
Atha kho bhagavā kīṭāgirismiṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena āḷavī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena āḷavī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā āḷaviyaṃ viharati aggāḷave cetiye. Tena kho pana samayena āḷavakā bhikkhū evarūpāni navakammāni denti – piṇḍanikkhepanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; kuṭṭalepanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; dvāraṭṭhapanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; ālokasandhikaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; setavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; gerukaparikammakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; chādanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; bandhanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; bhaṇḍikāṭṭhapanamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṃ denti; vīsativassikampi navakammaṃ denti; tiṃsavassikampi navakammaṃ denti; yāvajīvikampi navakammaṃ denti; dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṃ vihāraṃ navakammaṃ denti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma āḷavakā bhikkhū evarūpāni navakammāni dassanti – piṇḍanikkhepanamattenapi navakammaṃ dassanti; kuṭṭalepanamattenapi… dvāraṭṭhapanamattenapi … aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattenapi… ālokasandhikaraṇamattenapi… setavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi… kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi… gerukaparikammakaraṇamattenapi… chādenamattenapi… bandhanamattenapi… bhaṇḍikāḷapanamattenapi… khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattenapi… paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattenapi… visativassikampi… tiṃsavassikampi… yāvajīvikampi… dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṃ vihāraṃ navakammaṃ dassantī’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, piṇḍanikkhepanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ; na kuṭṭalepanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na dvāraṭṭhapanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na ālokasandhikaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na setavaṇṇakaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na gerukaparikammakaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na chādenamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na bandhanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na bhaṇḍikāḷapanamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattena navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na visativassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na tiṃsavassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na yāvajīvikaṃ navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Na dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṃ vihāraṃ navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, akataṃ vā vippakataṃ vā navakammaṃ dātuṃ, khuddake vihāre kammaṃ oloketvā chappañcavassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātuṃ, aḍḍhayoge kammaṃ oloketvā sattaṭṭhavassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātuṃ, mahallake vihāre pāsāde vā kammaṃ oloketvā dasadvādasavassikaṃ navakammaṃ dātu’’nti.
115那时，诸比丘把所有住所的修缮工作都分配出去了。他们将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应把所有的住所都分配去作修缮工作。若有人分配，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū sabbe vihāre navakammaṃ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, sabbe vihāre navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
116那时，诸比丘把两处住所分给同一个人。他们将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应把两处分给同一个人。若有人分给，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ekassa dve denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ekassa dve dātabbā. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
117那时，诸比丘接受了修缮工作后，却让其他人住进去。他们将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，接受了修缮工作后，不应让其他人住进去。若有人让住，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ gahetvā aññaṃ vāsenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṃ gahetvā añño vāsetabbo. Yo vāseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
118那时，诸比丘接受了修缮工作后，却把僧团的住所阻挡起来不给用。他们将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，接受了修缮工作后，不应把僧团的住所阻挡起来。若有人阻挡，犯恶作。诸比丘，我允许接受一处最好的住所。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ gahetvā saṅghikaṃ paṭibāhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṃ gahetvā saṅghikaṃ paṭibāhitabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekaṃ varaseyyaṃ gahetu’’nti.
119那时，诸比丘把修缮工作分给站在界外的人。他们将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应把修缮工作分给站在界外的人。若有人分给，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū nissīme ṭhitassa navakammaṃ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, nissīme ṭhitassa navakammaṃ dātabbaṃ. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
120那时，诸比丘接受了修缮工作后，把所有时间都阻挡起来。他们将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，接受了修缮工作后，不应把所有时间都阻挡起来。若有人阻挡，犯恶作。诸比丘，我允许在雨季的三个月期间阻挡，但在非雨季期间则不应阻挡。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ gahetvā sabbakālaṃ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṃ gahetvā sabbakālaṃ paṭibāhitabbaṃ. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vassānaṃ temāsaṃ paṭibāhituṃ, utukālaṃ pana na paṭibāhitu’’nti.
121那时，诸比丘接受了修缮工作后，有离开的，有还俗的，也有死的；有些沙马内拉声称自己是比丘；有些舍弃了学处的人声称自己是比丘；有些犯了极罪的人也声称自己是比丘；有些疯了的人声称自己是比丘；有些精神错乱的人声称自己是比丘；有些被痛苦折磨的人声称自己是比丘；有些因不见罪而被举罪的人声称自己是比丘；有些因不忏悔罪而被举罪的人声称自己是比丘；有些因不舍弃邪见而被举罪的人声称自己是比丘；有些黄门声称自己是比丘；有些贼住者声称自己是比丘；有些投靠外道的人声称自己是比丘；
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ gahetvā pakkamantipi, vibbhamantipi, kālampi karonti; sāmaṇerāpi paṭijānanti; sikkhaṃ paccakkhātakāpi paṭijānanti; antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannakāpi paṭijānanti; ummattakāpi paṭijānanti; khittacittāpi paṭijānanti; vedanāṭṭāpi paṭijānanti; āpattiyā adassane ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; paṇḍakāpi paṭijānanti; theyyasaṃvāsakāpi paṭijānanti; titthiyapakkantakāpi
122有些畜生道众生声称自己是比丘；有些杀母者声称自己是比丘；有些杀父者声称自己是比丘；有些杀阿拉汉者声称自己是比丘；有些污辱比丘尼者声称自己是比丘；有些破僧者声称自己是比丘；有些出佛身血者声称自己是比丘；有些双性人声称自己是比丘。他们将这件事禀告了世尊。”
Paṭijānanti; tiracchānagatāpi paṭijānanti; mātughātakāpi paṭijānanti; pitughātakāpi paṭijānanti ; arahantaghātakāpi paṭijānanti; bhikkhunidūsakāpi paṭijānanti; saṅghabhedakāpi paṭijānanti; lohituppādakāpi paṭijānanti; ubhatobyañjanakāpi paṭijānanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ.
123比丘们，在此，有比丘接受了建造工作后离开了——为了不让僧团受损，应当交给其他人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pakkamati – mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṃ.
124比丘们，在此，有比丘接受了建造工作后还俗了……乃至……去世了；声明自己是沙马内拉；声明自己舍戒了；声明自己犯了极重罪；声明自己是精神错乱者；声明自己是心狂乱者；声明自己是受剧痛折磨者；声明自己是因不见罪而被举者；声明自己是因不忏悔罪而被举者；声明自己是因不舍弃恶见而被举者；声明自己是般达卡；声明自己是贼住者；声明自己是投向外道者；声明自己是畜生；声明自己是杀母者；声明自己是杀父者；声明自己是杀阿拉汉者；声明自己是污辱比丘尼者；声明自己是破僧团者；声明自己是出佛身血者；声明自己是两性人——为了不让僧团受损，应当交给其他人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā vibbhamati…pe… kālaṅkaroti, sāmaṇero paṭijānāti, sikkhaṃ paccakkhātako paṭijānāti, antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannako paṭijānāti, ummattako paṭijānāti, khittacitto paṭijānāti, vedanāṭṭo paṭijānāti, āpattiyā adassane ukkhittako paṭijānāti, āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittako paṭijānāti, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittako paṭijānāti, paṇḍako paṭijānāti, theyyasaṃvāsako paṭijānāti, titthiyapakkantako paṭijānāti, tiracchānagato paṭijānāti, mātughātako paṭijānāti, pitughātako paṭijānāti, arahantaghātako paṭijānāti, bhikkhunīdūsako paṭijānāti, saṅghabhedako paṭijānāti, lohituppādako paṭijānāti, ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti – mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṃ.
125比丘们，在此，有比丘接受了建造工作，在尚未完成时离开了——为了不让僧团受损，应当交给其他人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā vippakate pakkamati – mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṃ.
126比丘们，在此，有比丘接受了建造工作，在尚未完成时还俗了……乃至……声明自己是两性人——为了不让僧团受损，应当交给其他人。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā vippakate vibbhamati…pe… ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti – mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṃ.
127比丘们，在此，有比丘接受了建造工作，建成后离开了——那个住所就归他所有。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pariyosite pakkamati – tassevetaṃ.
128比丘们，在此，有比丘接受了建造工作，建成后还俗了……乃至……去世了；声明自己是沙马内拉；声明自己舍戒了；声明自己犯了极重罪——僧团是所有者。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pariyosite vibbhamati…pe… kālaṅkaroti, sāmaṇero paṭijānāti, sikkhaṃ paccakkhātako paṭijānāti, antimavatthuṃ ajjhāpannako paṭijānāti – saṅgho sāmī.
129比丘们，在此，有比丘接受了建造工作，建成后声明自己是精神错乱者；声明自己是心狂乱者；声明自己是受剧痛折磨者；声明自己是因不见罪而被举者；声明自己是因不忏悔罪而被举者；声明自己是因不舍弃恶见而被举者——那个住所就归他所有。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pariyosite ummattako paṭijānāti, khittacitto paṭijānāti, vedanāṭṭo paṭijānāti, āpattiyā adassane ukkhittako paṭijānāti, āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittako paṭijānāti, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittako paṭijānāti – tassevetaṃ.
130比丘们，在此，有比丘接受了建造工作，建成后声明自己是般达卡；声明自己是贼住者；声明自己是投向外道者；声明自己是畜生；声明自己是杀母者；声明自己是杀父者；声明自己是杀阿拉汉者；声明自己是污辱比丘尼者；声明自己是破僧团者；声明自己是出佛身血者；声明自己是两性人——僧团是所有者。
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṃ gahetvā pariyosite paṇḍako paṭijānāti, theyyasaṃvāsako paṭijānāti, titthiyapakkantako paṭijānāti, tiracchānagato paṭijānāti, mātughātako paṭijānāti, pitughātako paṭijānāti, arahantaghātako paṭijānāti, bhikkhunīdūsako paṭijānāti, saṅghabhedako paṭijānāti, lohituppādako paṭijānāti, ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti – saṅgho sāmī’’ti.
194拒绝他处受用等
Aññatraparibhogapaṭikkhepādi
324那时，一些比丘把某位善信供养给住处专用的坐卧具，用到别的地方去了。那位善信就抱怨、批评、指责说：“尊者們怎么能把供这里专用的东西拿到别处去用呢！” 比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，供何处专用的物品，不应拿到别处去用。如果拿去用，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū aññatarassa upāsakassa vihāraparibhogaṃ senāsanaṃ aññatra paribhuñjanti. Atha kho so upāsako ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhadantā aññatra paribhogaṃ aññatra paribhuñjissantī’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, aññatra paribhogo aññatra paribhuñjitabbo. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
132那时，比丘们想把布萨堂的坐具临时拿到集会处去用，但又心有顾虑不敢拿，只好坐在地上，结果身体和衣服都沾满了尘土。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许临时取用。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū uposathaggampi sannisajjampi harituṃ kukkuccāyantā chamāya nisīdanti. Gattānipi cīvarānipi paṃsukitāni honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāvakālikaṃ haritu’’nti.
133那时，僧团有一座大住所漏雨了。比丘们心有顾虑，不敢把坐卧具搬离那里。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，为了保护这些物品，我允许搬走。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa mahāvihāro undriyati. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā senāsanaṃ nātiharanti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, guttatthāya haritu’’nti.
134那时，僧团得到了一条作为坐卧具资具的贵重毛毯。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许为了增益僧团物资而把它交换出去。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhāriko mahaggho kambalo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phātikammatthāya parivattetu’’nti.
135那时，僧团得到了一块作为坐卧具资具的贵重布料。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许为了增益僧团物资而把它交换出去。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhārikaṃ mahagghaṃ dussaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phātikammatthāya parivattetu’’nti.
136那时，僧团得到了一张熊皮。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用它来做擦脚布。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa acchacammaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṃ kātu’’nti.
137那时，僧团得到了一块圆环形皮垫。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用它来做擦脚布。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa cakkalikaṃ uppannaṃ hoti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṃ kātu’’nti.
138那时，僧团得到了一块粗布片。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用它来做擦脚布。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa coḷakaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṃ kātu’’nti.
139那时，诸比丘用没洗过的脚踩踏卧坐处。卧坐处被弄脏了。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应该用没洗过的脚踩踏卧坐处。若这样踩踏者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū adhotehi pādehi senāsanaṃ akkamanti. Senāsanaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, adhotehi pādehi senāsanaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
140那时，诸比丘用湿脚踩踏卧坐处。卧坐处被弄脏了。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应该用湿脚踩踏卧坐处。若这样踩踏者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū allehi pādehi senāsanaṃ akkamanti. Senāsanaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, allehi pādehi senāsanaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
141那时，诸比丘穿着鞋踩踏卧坐处。卧坐处被弄脏了。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应该穿着鞋踩踏卧坐处。若这样踩踏者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū saupāhanā senāsanaṃ akkamanti. Senāsanaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, saupāhanena senāsanaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
142那时，诸比丘在已经过处理的干净地面上吐痰。颜色被弄坏了。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应该在已经过处理的干净地面上吐痰。若这样吐痰者，犯恶作。诸比丘，我允许用痰盂。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū parikammakatāya bhūmiyā niṭṭhubhanti. Vaṇṇo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na , bhikkhave, parikammakatāya bhūmiyā niṭṭhubhitabbaṃ. Yo niṭṭhubheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kheḷamallaka’’nti.
143那时，床脚和凳脚把经过处理的干净地面刮出了痕迹。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用布条包裹起来。”
Tena kho pana samayena mañcapādāpi pīṭhapādāpi parikammakataṃ bhūmiṃ vilikhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, coḷakena paliveṭhetu’’nti.
144那时，诸比丘倚靠在经过处理的干净墙壁上。颜色被弄坏了。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应该倚靠经过处理的干净墙壁。若这样倚靠者，犯恶作。诸比丘，我允许用靠板。”后来，那靠板下端刮坏地面，上端刮坏墙壁。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许在下端和上端都用布条包裹起来。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū parikammakataṃ bhittiṃ apassenti. Vaṇṇo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, parikammakatā bhitti apassetabbā. Yo apasseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apassenaphalaka’’nti. Apassenaphalakaṃ heṭṭhato bhūmiṃ vilikhati, uparito bhittiñca. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, heṭṭhato ca uparito ca coḷakena paliveṭhetu’’nti.
145那时，诸比丘对于洗完脚后直接躺下，心有顾忌。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许铺上东西后再躺下。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dhotapādakā nipajjituṃ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paccattharitvā nipajjitu’’nti.
210允许僧食等
Saṅghabhattādianujānanaṃ
325那时，世尊在阿罗毗城随意居住了一段时间之后，便朝着王舍城的方向出发游行。一路次第游行，来到了王舍城。那时，世尊就住在王舍城的竹林迦兰陀园。那个时候，王舍城发生了饥荒。人们没有办法操办供僧团的饭食；他们希望能操办指定供食、邀请供食、筹签供食、半月供食、布萨日供食以及布萨次日供食。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许僧团供食、指定供食、邀请供食、筹签供食、半月供食、布萨日供食和布萨次日供食。”
Atha kho bhagavā āḷaviyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahaṃ dubbhikkhaṃ hoti. Manussā na sakkonti saṅghabhattaṃ kātuṃ; icchanti uddesabhattaṃ nimantanaṃ salākabhattaṃ pakkhikaṃ uposathikaṃ pāṭipadikaṃ kātuṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṅghabhattaṃ uddesabhattaṃ nimantanaṃ salākabhattaṃ pakkhikaṃ uposathikaṃ pāṭipadika’’nti.
212食物指定者结集
Bhattuddesakasammuti
326那时，六群比丘把自己好的食物拿走，却把差的食物分给其他比丘。比丘们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许僧团任命一位具备五种条件的比丘作食物分配者：他不会因贪欲而行事，不会因嗔怒而行事，不会因愚痴而行事，不会因恐惧而行事，并且清楚知道哪些已经分配、哪些还未分配。诸比丘，应当这样任命：先要请求那位比丘同意，请求之后，由一位聪明、有能力的比丘向僧团宣告：”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū attano varabhattāni gahetvā lāmakāni bhattāni bhikkhūnaṃ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ bhattuddesakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, uddiṭṭhānuddiṭṭhañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
148“尊者，请僧团听我说。如果僧团觉得时机合适，僧团应当任命某某比丘作食物分配者。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhattuddesakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
149“尊者，请僧团听我说。僧团任命某某比丘作食物分配者。哪位尊者同意对某某比丘作食物分配者的任命，请保持沉默；哪位不同意，请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhattuddesakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno bhattuddesakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
150“某某比丘已被僧团任命为食物分配者，僧团同意，因此保持沉默，我这样记持这件事。”
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu bhattuddesako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
151那时，那些食物分配者比丘心里想：“到底该怎么分配食物呢？”他们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用签筹或者小木片，做好标记、摇匀之后，来分配食物。”
Atha kho bhattuddesakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho bhattaṃ uddisitabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, salākāya vā paṭṭikāya vā upanibandhitvā opuñjitvā bhattaṃ uddisitu’’nti.
218住所指定者等结集
Senāsanapaññāpakādisammuti
327那时，僧团没有住所安排者……没有库房管理者……没有衣接收者……没有衣分配者……没有粥分配者……没有水果分配者……没有干粮分配者。没人分配，干粮就坏掉了。比丘们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许僧团任命一位具备五种条件的比丘作干粮分配者：他不会因贪欲而行事，不会因嗔怒而行事，不会因愚痴而行事，不会因恐惧而行事，并且清楚知道哪些已经分配、哪些还未分配。诸比丘，应当这样任命：先要请求那位比丘同意，请求之后，由一位聪明、有能力的比丘向僧团宣告：”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanapaññāpako na hoti…pe… bhaṇḍāgāriko na hoti…pe… cīvarappaṭiggāhako na hoti…pe… cīvarabhājako na hoti…pe… yāgubhājako na hoti…pe… phalabhājako na hoti…pe… khajjakabhājako na hoti. Khajjakaṃ abhājiyamānaṃ nassati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ khajjakabhājakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya , bhājitābhājitañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
153“尊者，请僧团听我说。如果僧团觉得时机合适，僧团应当任命某某比丘作干粮分配者。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ khajjakabhājakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
154“尊者，请僧团听我说。僧团任命某某比丘作干粮分配者。哪位尊者同意对某某比丘作干粮分配者的任命，请保持沉默；哪位不同意，请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ khajjakabhājakaṃ sammannati . Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno khajjakabhājakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
155“已由僧团认可某甲比丘为食物分配者。僧团满意，因此默然，我这样持守。”
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu khajjakabhājako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
223少量舍与者结集
Appamattakavissajjakasammuti
328那时，僧团的库房里出现了一些零星的资具。诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许任命一位具足五法的比丘作为零星物品分发者——他不随贪欲而行、不随嗔恚而行、不随愚痴而行、不随恐惧而行，并且能知道哪些已经分发、哪些还没有分发。诸比丘，应当这样来任命：先要请求一位比丘，请求之后，由一位贤能、有能力的比丘向僧团宣告——”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa bhaṇḍāgāre appamattako parikkhāro uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ appamattakavissajjakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, vissajjitāvissajjitañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
157“尊者们，请僧团听我说。如果僧团认为时机合适，僧团应认可某甲比丘为零星物品分发者。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ appamattakavissajjakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
158“尊者们，请僧团听我说。僧团认可某甲比丘为零星物品分发者。哪位大德同意这位某甲比丘被认可为零星物品分发者，请保持默然；哪位不同意，请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ appamattakavissajjakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno appamattakavissajjakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
159“已由僧团认可某甲比丘为零星物品分发者。僧团满意，因此默然，我这样持守。”
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu appamattakavissajjako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī , evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
160那位零星物品分发者比丘应分发：一根针、一把小刀、一双鞋、一条腰带、一条副带、一个滤水囊、一把拂尘、半拂尘、一张圆垫、半圆垫、一幅网幔、一条边饰。如果僧团有酥油、油、蜂蜜或糖浆，可以布施一次饮用；如果还有需要，可以再行布施。”
Tena appamattakavissajjakena bhikkhunā ekā sūci dātabbā, satthakaṃ dātabbaṃ, upāhanā dātabbā, kāyabandhanaṃ dātabbaṃ, aṃsabandhako dātabbo, parissāvanaṃ dātabbaṃ, dhammakaraṇo dātabbo, kusi dātabbā, aḍḍhakusi dātabbā, maṇḍalaṃ dātabbaṃ, aḍḍhamaṇḍalaṃ dātabbaṃ, anuvāto dātabbo, paribhaṇḍaṃ dātabbaṃ. Sace hoti saṅghassa sappi vā telaṃ vā madhu vā phāṇitaṃ vā, sakiṃ paṭisāyituṃ dātabbaṃ. Sace punapi attho hoti, punapi dātabbaṃ.
229衣执取者等结集
Sāṭiyaggāhāpakādisammuti
329那时，僧团没有掌管衣物的人……没有掌管钵的人……没有差遣园民的人……没有差遣沙弥的人。沙弥们没人差遣，就不做事。诸比丘把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许任命一位具足五法的比丘作为差遣沙弥者——他不随贪欲而行、不随嗔恚而行、不随愚痴而行、不随恐惧而行，并且能知道哪些人已差遣、哪些人未差遣。诸比丘，应当这样来任命：先要请求一位比丘，请求之后，由一位贤能、有能力的比丘向僧团宣告——”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sāṭiyaggāhāpako na hoti…pe… pattaggāhāpako na hoti…pe… ārāmikapesako na hoti…pe… sāmaṇerapesako na hoti. Sāmaṇerā apesiyamānā kammaṃ na karonti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ sāmaṇerapesakaṃ sammannituṃ – yo na chandāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṃ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṃ gaccheyya, pesitāpesitañca jāneyya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
162“尊者们，请僧团听我说。如果僧团认为时机合适，僧团应认可某甲比丘为差遣沙弥者。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ sāmaṇerapesakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.
163“尊者，请僧团听我说。僧团认可这位名为某某的比丘为沙弥差遣者。哪位尊者同意对这位名为某某的比丘作沙弥差遣者的认可，请默然；哪位不同意，请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ sāmaṇerapesakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sāmaṇerapesakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
164“这位名为某某的比丘已被僧团认可为沙弥差遣者。僧团同意，因此默然，这件事我这样记持。”
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu sāmaṇerapesako. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
234第三诵品完
Tatiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
235住所篇集 第六
Senāsanakkhandhako chaṭṭho.
236其偈颂
Tassuddānaṃ –
237住所，在佛陀最胜者那时，尚未被开许；
Vihāraṃ buddhaseṭṭhena, apaññattaṃ tadā ahu;
238那些胜利者的弟子们，从各处、各地方走出来，以此为住处。
Tahaṃ tahaṃ nikkhamanti, vāsā te jinasāvakā.
239一位长者居士看见了，对比丘们这样说：
Seṭṭhī gahapati disvā, bhikkhūnaṃ idamabravi;
240“我是否可以建造，让你们居住？”他们向导师请示。
Kārāpeyyaṃ vaseyyātha, paṭipucchiṃsu nāyakaṃ.
241世尊开许了精舍、半檐屋、楼房、阁楼、石窟，
Vihāraṃ aḍḍhayogañca, pāsādaṃ hammiyaṃ guhaṃ;
242还有茅草屋。那位长者便建造了精舍。
Pañcaleṇaṃ anuññāsi, vihāre seṭṭhi kārayi.
243人们建造住所时，没有门扇，也不封闭；
Jano vihāraṃ kāreti, akavāṭaṃ asaṃvutaṃ;
244后来，我允许了门扇、门闩，还有门臼和门楣。
Kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ, udukkhalañca uttari.
245拉绳孔和拉绳，绳环和猴头状的门环；
Āviñchanacchiddaṃ rajjuṃ, vaṭṭiñca kapisīsakaṃ;
246门销和锁孔，以及铜、木、角做的钥匙。
Sūcighaṭitāḷacchiddaṃ , lohakaṭṭhavisāṇakaṃ.
247木锁和插销，涂泥和涂灰的屋顶；
Yantakaṃ sūcikañceva, chadanaṃ ullittāvalittaṃ;
248墙围、窗网、窗棂，以及铺在地上的席子。
Vedijālasalākañca, cakkali santharena ca.
249从垃圾堆捡来的藤床，和从坟场捡来的床架；
Miḍḍhi bidalamañcañca, sosānikamasārako;
250弯脚床，以及可拆卸的高床座。
Bundikuḷirapādañca, āhaccāsandi uccake.
251那是七枝的、贤善的凳子，以及有小支柱垫脚的凳子；
Sattaṅgo ca bhaddapīṭhaṃ, pīṭhakeḷakapādakaṃ;
252那是酸枣木板、梳刷、还有草蒲团。
Āmalāphalakā kocchā, palālapīṭhameva ca.
253这些是高垫脚的床，以及八指高的床脚；
Uccāhipaṭipādakā, aṭṭhaṅguli ca pādakā;
254那是线绳、八条编织绳、布片、棉花垫子，还有半身大小的垫子。
Suttaṃ aṭṭhapadaṃ coḷaṃ, tūlikaṃ aḍḍhakāyikaṃ.
255那是长枕、睡垫，还有作为卧坐具的布；
Giraggo bhisiyo cāpi, dussaṃ senāsanampi ca;
256包覆好的坐具往下塌陷了，他们就把它拆开来拿走。
Onaddhaṃ heṭṭhā patati, uppāṭetvā haranti ca.
257如来允许了分配食物，以及亲手分配食物；
Bhattiñca hatthabhattiñca, anuññāsi tathāgato;
258对外道们住过的住所，也允许用谷壳和细软的黏泥来涂新。
Titthiyā vihāre cāpi, thusaṃ saṇhañca mattikā.
259芦苇、掌状器、罐子，芥子、蜡和油；
Ikkāsaṃ pāṇikaṃ kuṇḍaṃ, sāsapaṃ sitthatelakaṃ;
260多余时取出，粗糙的黏土块。
Ussanne paccuddharituṃ, pharusaṃ gaṇḍumattikaṃ.
261芦苇与应对之法，低床、堆叠与登高；
Ikkāsaṃ paṭibhānañca, nīcā cayo ca āruhaṃ;
262雨水槽掉下来，半墙的事又有三项。
Paripatanti āḷakā, aḍḍhakuṭṭaṃ tayo puna.
263小床腿和墙脚，渗漏、箭杆、荒地；
Khuddake kuṭṭapādo ca, ovassati saraṃ khilaṃ;
264衣竿与绳索，走廊和席子。
Cīvaravaṃsaṃ rajjuñca, āḷindaṃ kiṭikena ca.
265支撑、草粉，在下面的道路上引导；
Ālambanaṃ tiṇacuṇṇaṃ, heṭṭhāmagge nayaṃ kare;
266在露天覆盖，堂下与容器。
Ajjhokāse otappati, sālaṃ heṭṭhā ca bhājanaṃ.
267住所、门堂、院落和火堂。
Vihāro koṭṭhako ceva, pariveṇaggisālakaṃ;
268在园林和库房，也同样依此处理。
Ārāme ca puna koṭṭhe, heṭṭhaññeva nayaṃ kare.
269净信的给孤独长者，来到寒林。
Sudhaṃ anāthapiṇḍi ca, saddho sītavanaṃ agā;
270已见法的他，邀请导师与僧团。
Diṭṭhadhammo nimantesi, saha saṅghena nāyakaṃ.
271在道路中央发出命令，让众人建造精舍。
Āṇāpesantarāmagge, ārāmaṃ kārayī gaṇo;
272在毗舍离，新建筑被提前占取。
Vesāliyaṃ navakammaṃ, purato ca pariggahi.
273在食堂，谁适合承担职责？以及鹧鸪和不应礼敬者。
Ko arahati bhattagge, tittirañca avandiyā;
274被占取的内部房屋，棉花落于舍卫城。
Pariggahitantaragharā, tūlo sāvatthi osari.
275他建造了园子，食堂里却起了喧闹；
Patiṭṭhāpesi ārāmaṃ, bhattagge ca kolāhalaṃ;
276病者们得到了高级的卧床，这里一共讲了十七桩事。
Gilānā varaseyyā ca, lesā sattarasā tahiṃ.
277因为什么、是怎样，按照住所来分配呢；
Kena nu kho kathaṃ nu kho, vihāraggena bhājayi;
278精舍院落及其附属部分，不愿给的，就不应分给。
Pariveṇaṃ anubhāgañca, akāmā bhāgaṃ no dade.
279界外的、所有时段的，在坐卧处有三种取得方式；
Nissīmaṃ sabbakālañca, gāhā senāsane tayo;
280优波难陀对此赞赏不已，站着的与平等的座位。
Upanando ca vaṇṇesi, ṭhitakā samakāsanā.
281平等座位者们造成了分裂，三人一组与二人一组；
Samānāsanikā bhindiṃsu, tivaggā ca duvaggikaṃ;
282不平等座位者们，则长时间享用带走廊的住处。
Asamānāsanikā dīghaṃ, sāḷindaṃ paribhuñjituṃ.
283老妇人不远处，以及在基塔山的分配之事；
Ayyikā ca avidūre, bhājitañca kīṭāgire;
284在阿拉毗，有饭团墙，还有门、门闩和门垫；
Āḷavī piṇḍakakuṭṭehi, dvāraaggaḷavaṭṭikā.
285光亮、白色与黑色，以及赭石色覆盖物的捆扎；
Ālokasetakāḷañca , geruchādanabandhanā;
286完整的与碎块的（部分），以及二十、三十这些时限；
Bhaṇḍikhaṇḍaparibhaṇḍaṃ, vīsa tiṃsā ca kālikā.
287完成后、未完成、离去，还有小的、五年六年（戒腊）的；
Osite akataṃ vippaṃ, khudde chappañcavassikaṃ;
288对于半结合式住所，七年、八年；对于大住所，十年、十二年；
Aḍḍhayoge ca sattaṭṭha, mahalle dasa dvādasa.
289整个住所给一个人，另外的僧团住所让（比丘们）居住；
Sabbaṃ vihāraṃ ekassa, aññaṃ vāsenti saṅghikaṃ;
290无界在所有时候，以及离去与还俗。
Nissīmaṃ sabbakālañca, pakkami vibbhamanti ca.
291有期限者、沙弥，以及已舍弃学处的人；
Kālañca sāmaṇerañca, sikkhāpaccakkhaantimaṃ;
292发狂者、心神丧失者，受痛苦者，见罪者；
Ummattakhittacittā ca, vedanāpattidassanā.
293未履行别住者、邪见者，黄门、贼住者、外道；
Appaṭikammadiṭṭhiyā, paṇḍakā theyyatitthiyā;
294畜生、母亲、父亲，阿拉汉以及污辱者；
Tiracchānamātupitu, arahantā ca dūsakā.
295分裂僧团者、出佛身血者，以及双性人——
Bhedakā lohituppādā, ubhato cāpi byañjanakā;
296不可将羯磨授予这些人，那会给僧团带来损害，应授予其他人。
Mā saṅghassa parihāyi, kammaṃ aññassa dātave.
297如果在羯磨进行中授予了他人，一旦已作，他即应离去。
Vippakate ca aññassa, kate tasseva pakkame;
298还俗，死亡，成为沙弥——这样羯磨也告失效。
Vibbhamati kālaṅkato, sāmaṇero ca jāyati.
299如果已经舍了学处，又是犯下最重之罪的，
Paccakkhāto ca sikkhāya, antimajjhāpannako yadi;
300这僧团便是其所有者；疯狂、精神散乱、受苦者。
Saṅghova sāmiko hoti, ummattakhittavedanā.
301对于不见罪、不忏悔的业，此人的见解便是如此；
Adassanāppaṭikamme, diṭṭhi tasseva hoti taṃ;
302黄门、贼女、畜生、弑母者、弑父者。
Paṇḍako theyyatitthī ca, tiracchānamātupettikaṃ.
303杀阿拉汉者、污比丘尼者、以及破僧、出佛身血；
Ghātako dūsako cāpi, bhedalohitabyañjanā;
304如果他承认了，这僧团就是所有者。
Paṭijānāti yadi so, saṅghova hoti sāmiko.
305除了因后悔而拿走的东西，还有撕毁毯子；
Harantaññatra kukkuccaṃ, undriyati ca kambalaṃ;
306布料、皮轮、小块布，以及踩踏之物。
Dussañca cammacakkalī, coḷakaṃ akkamanti ca.
307湿鞋、唾吐，划线与不看；
Allā upāhanāniṭṭhu, likhanti apassenti ca;
308靠背、划线，以及洗涤过的垫褥；
Apassenaṃ likhateva, dhotapaccattharena ca.
309在王舍城，不能任命不称职的食事分配者；
Rājagahe na sakkonti, lāmakaṃ bhattuddesakaṃ;
310如何任命设座者，库司的任命。
Kathaṃ nu kho paññāpakaṃ, bhaṇḍāgārikasammuti.
311接受物分配者，以及粥与水果分配者；
Paṭiggāhabhājako cāpi, yāgu ca phalabhājako;
312硬食分配者，以及小物分发者；
Khajjakabhājako ceva, appamattakavissajje.
313外衣保管者，以及钵的保管者；
Sāṭiyaggāhāpako ceva, tatheva pattaggāhako;
314园林沙玛内拉，使者的同意。
Ārāmikasāmaṇera, pesakassa ca sammuti.
315那征服一切、洞知世间、心怀慈悲的导师，
Sabbābhibhū lokavidū, hitacitto vināyako;
316是为了庇护、为了安乐，也为让比丘们修习禅那与观照。
Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, jhāyituñca vipassitunti.
317住所篇集完
Senāsanakkhandhakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.