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5. 小事篇集

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5. 小事篇集
5. Khuddakavatthukkhandhakaṃ
1小事
Khuddakavatthūni
243那时候,佛陀世尊住在王舍城的竹林迦兰陀迦园。当时,六群比丘在洗澡时靠着树摩擦身体,摩擦大腿、手臂、胸口和背部。众人非议、指责、讥嫌说:“这些释迦子沙门怎么能在洗澡时靠着树摩擦身体,摩擦大腿、手臂、胸口和背部呢?简直就像摔跤手、拳师这类粗野的俗人一样!”那些比丘听到了众人的非议、指责和讥嫌。于是,那些比丘将这件事禀告了世尊。于是,世尊以这个因缘、这件事为由召集了比丘僧团,问比丘们:“诸位比丘,据说六群比丘在洗澡时靠着树摩擦身体,摩擦大腿、手臂、胸口和背部,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸位比丘,那些愚痴人的行为不适合、不随顺、不适当、非沙门所为、不应行、不应作。诸位比丘,那些愚痴人怎么能在洗澡时靠着树摩擦身体,摩擦大腿、手臂、胸口和背部呢?诸位比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……(中略)……呵责之后……(中略)……作了如法的开示后,对比丘们说:‘诸位比丘,比丘洗澡时不得靠着树摩擦身体。若有人摩擦,犯恶作。’
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nahāyamānā rukkhe kāyaṃ ugghaṃsenti, ūrumpi bāhumpi urampi piṭṭhimpi. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā nahāyamānā rukkhe kāyaṃ ugghaṃsessanti, ūrumpi bāhumpi urampi piṭṭhimpi, seyyathāpi mallamuṭṭhikā gāmamoddavā’’ti ! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nahāyamānā rukkhe kāyaṃ ugghaṃsenti, ūrumpi bāhumpi urampi piṭṭhimpī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā – ‘‘ananucchavikaṃ, bhikkhave , tesaṃ moghapurisānaṃ ananulomikaṃ appatirūpaṃ assāmaṇakaṃ akappiyaṃ akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā nahāyamānā rukkhe kāyaṃ ugghaṃsessanti, ūrumpi bāhumpi urampi piṭṭhimpi? Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, nahāyamānena bhikkhunā rukkhe kāyo ugghaṃsetabbo. Yo ugghaṃseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
2当时,六群比丘在洗澡时靠着柱子摩擦身体,摩擦大腿、手臂、胸口和背部。众人非议、指责、讥嫌说:“这些释迦子沙门怎么能在洗澡时靠着柱子摩擦身体,摩擦大腿、手臂、胸口和背部呢?简直就像摔跤手、拳师这类粗野的俗人一样!”那些比丘听到了众人的非议、指责和讥嫌。于是,那些比丘将这件事禀告了世尊……(中略)……“是真的,世尊。”……(中略)……呵责之后……(中略)……作了如法的开示后,对比丘们说:“诸位比丘,比丘洗澡时不得靠着柱子摩擦身体。若有人摩擦,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nahāyamānā thambhe kāyaṃ ugghaṃsenti, ūrumpi bāhumpi urampi piṭṭhimpi. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā nahāyamānā thambhe kāyaṃ ugghaṃsessanti, ūrumpi bāhumpi urampi piṭṭhimpi, seyyathāpi mallamuṭṭhikā gāmamoddavā’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, nahāyamānena bhikkhunā thambhe kāyo ugghaṃsetabbo. Yo ugghaṃseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
3当时,六群比丘在洗澡时靠着墙摩擦身体,摩擦大腿、手臂、胸口和背部。众人非议、指责、讥嫌说:“这些释迦子沙门怎么能在洗澡时靠着墙摩擦身体,摩擦大腿、手臂、胸口和背部呢?简直就像摔跤手、拳师这类粗野的俗人一样!”……(中略)……“诸位比丘,比丘洗澡时不得靠着墙摩擦身体。若有人摩擦,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nahāyamānā kuṭṭe kāyaṃ ugghaṃsenti, ūrumpi bāhumpi urampi piṭṭhimpi. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā nahāyamānā kuṭṭe kāyaṃ ugghaṃsessanti, ūrumpi bāhumpi urampi piṭṭhimpi, seyyathāpi mallamuṭṭhikā gāmamoddavā’’ti…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, nahāyamānena bhikkhunā kuṭṭe kāyo ugghaṃsetabbo. Yo ugghaṃseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
4当时,六群比丘坐在木板上洗澡。众人非议、指责、讥嫌……(中略)……简直就像在欲乐中的俗人一样!那些比丘听到了众人的非议、指责和讥嫌。于是,那些比丘将这件事禀告了世尊……(中略)……“是真的,世尊。”……(中略)……呵责之后……(中略)……作了如法的开示后,对比丘们说:“诸位比丘,不得坐在木板上洗澡。若有人坐洗,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū aṭṭāne nahāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti…pe… seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti ! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, aṭṭāne nahāyitabbaṃ. Yo nahāyeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
5当时,六群比丘用一种像音乐表演动作的手势搓洗身体来洗澡。众人非议、指责、讥嫌……(中略)……简直就像在欲乐中的俗人一样!那些比丘听到了众人的非议、指责和讥嫌。于是,那些比丘将这件事禀告了世尊……(中略)……“诸位比丘,不得用像音乐表演动作的手势洗澡。若有人那样洗,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū gandhabbahatthakena nahāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti…pe… seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, gandhabbahatthakena nahāyitabbaṃ. Yo nahāyeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
6当时,六群比丘用一种好像含有红矿粉的线绳搓擦身体来洗澡。众人非议、指责、讥嫌……(中略)……简直就像在欲乐中的俗人一样!他们将这件事禀告了世尊。“诸位比丘,不得用好像含有红矿粉的线绳搓擦身体洗澡。若有人那样洗,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kuruvindakasuttiyā nahāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti…pe… seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, kuruvindakasuttiyā nahāyitabbaṃ. Yo nahāyeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
7当时,六群比丘采取一种力量对抗、互相按压的方式来让人做洗浴护理。众人非议、指责、讥嫌……(中略)……简直就像在欲乐中的俗人一样!他们将这件事禀告了世尊。“诸位比丘,不得用力量对抗、互相按压的方式让人做洗浴护理。若有人让人那样做,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū viggayha parikammaṃ kārāpenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti…pe… seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, viggayha parikammaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
8当时,六群比丘用一只小钵倒水洗澡。众人非议、指责、讥嫌……(中略)……简直就像在欲乐中的俗人一样!他们将这件事禀告了世尊。“诸位比丘,不得用小钵洗澡。若有人那样洗,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū mallakena nahāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti…pe… seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, mallakena nahāyitabbaṃ. Yo nahāyeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
244那时,有一位比丘得了痔疮。他不用浴刷就不舒服。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许为病人使用未加工的浴刷。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno kacchurogābādho hoti. Na tassa vinā mallakena phāsu hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa akatamallaka’’nti.
10那时,有一位年迈体弱的比丘,洗澡时自己没法擦洗身体。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用沐浴凳。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu jarādubbalo nahāyamāno na sakkoti attano kāyaṃ ugghaṃsetuṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ukkāsika’’nti.
11那时,比丘们对使用浮石做身体按摩感到疑惑。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用普通的浮石。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū piṭṭhiparikammaṃ kātuṃ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, puthupāṇika’’nti.
245那时,六群比丘佩戴树皮编的带子……佩戴腰带……佩戴项链……佩戴腰绳……佩戴耳饰……佩戴臂钏……佩戴手镯……佩戴戒指。众人讥嫌、批评、抱怨说:“跟在家的五欲享乐者一模一样!”比丘们听到了众人的讥嫌、批评、抱怨。于是,那些比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。“诸比丘,六群比丘真的佩戴树皮编的带子……佩戴腰带,佩戴项链,佩戴腰绳,佩戴耳饰,佩戴臂钏,佩戴手镯,佩戴戒指吗?”“是真的,世尊。”……呵责之后……作了如法的说法后,世尊对比丘们说:“诸比丘,不许佩戴树皮编的带子……不许佩戴腰带……不许佩戴项链……不许佩戴腰绳……不许佩戴耳饰……不许佩戴臂钏……不许佩戴手镯……不许佩戴戒指。若佩戴者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vallikaṃ dhārenti…pe… pāmaṅgaṃ dhārenti…pe… kaṇṭhasuttakaṃ dhārenti…pe… kaṭisuttakaṃ dhārenti…pe… ovaṭṭikaṃ dhārenti…pe… kāyuraṃ dhārenti…pe… hatthābharaṇaṃ dhārenti…pe… aṅgulimuddikaṃ dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti…pe… seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vallikaṃ dhārenti…pe… pāmaṅgaṃ dhārenti, kaṇṭhasuttakaṃ dhārenti, kaṭisuttakaṃ dhārenti, ovaṭṭikaṃ dhārenti, kāyuraṃ dhārenti, hatthābharaṇaṃ dhārenti, aṅgulimuddikaṃ dhārentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, vallikā dhāretabbā…pe… na pāmaṅgo dhāretabbo… na kaṇṭhasuttakaṃ dhāretabbaṃ… na kaṭisuttakaṃ dhāretabbaṃ… na ovaṭṭikaṃ dhāretabbaṃ… na kāyuraṃ dhāretabbaṃ… na hatthābharaṇaṃ dhāretabbaṃ… na aṅgulimuddikā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
246那时,六群比丘蓄长发。众人讥嫌、批评、抱怨说:“跟在家的五欲享乐者一模一样!”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许蓄长发。若蓄者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许留两个月长或两指宽的发长。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dīghe kese dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, dīghā kesā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dumāsikaṃ vā duvaṅgulaṃ vā’’ti.
14那时,六群比丘用梳子梳头发……用发刷刷头发,用手当梳子梳头发,用加香油梳头发,用水掺油梳头发。众人讥嫌、批评、抱怨说:“跟在家的五欲享乐者一模一样!”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许用梳子梳头发……不许用加香油梳头发……不许用水掺油梳头发。若梳者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kocchena kese osaṇṭhenti …pe… phaṇakena kese osaṇṭhenti, hatthaphaṇakena kese osaṇṭhenti, sitthatelakena kese osaṇṭhenti, udakatelakena kese osaṇṭhenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, kocchena kesā osaṇṭhetabbā…pe… na sitthatelakena kesā osaṇṭhetabbā… na udakatelakena kesā osaṇṭhetabbā. Yo osaṇṭheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
247那时,六群比丘在镜子里或水盆里看自己的脸相。众人讥嫌、批评、抱怨说:“跟在家的五欲享乐者一模一样!”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许在镜子或水盆中看脸相。若看者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ādāsepi udakapattepi mukhanimittaṃ olokenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ādāse vā udakapatte vā mukhanimittaṃ oloketabbaṃ. Yo olokeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
16那时,有一位比丘脸上长了疮。他问比丘们说:“贤友,我的疮是什么样的?”比丘们这样回答:“贤友,你的疮是这样的。”他不相信。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,因为生病的原因,我允许在镜子或水盆中看脸相。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno mukhe vaṇo hoti. So bhikkhū pucchi – ‘‘kīdiso me, āvuso, vaṇo’’ti? Bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘ediso te, āvuso vaṇo’’ti. So na saddahati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ābādhappaccayā ādāse vā udakapatte vā mukhanimittaṃ oloketu’’nti.
17那时,六群比丘在脸上涂抹东西……在脸上搓揉,在脸上扑粉,用红赭石在脸上画条纹,涂肢体颜料,涂脸妆,既涂肢体颜料又涂脸妆。众人讥嫌、责备、非议:“简直就像那些在家人、享受欲乐的人一样!”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许在脸上涂抹东西……不许在脸上搓揉,不许在脸上扑粉,不许用红赭石在脸上画条纹,不许涂肢体颜料,不许涂脸妆,不许既涂肢体颜料又涂脸妆。若有人做了,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū mukhaṃ ālimpanti…pe… mukhaṃ ummaddenti, mukhaṃ cuṇṇenti, manosilikāya mukhaṃ lañchenti, aṅgarāgaṃ karonti, mukharāgaṃ karonti, aṅgarāgamukharāgaṃ karonti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, mukhaṃ ālimpitabbaṃ…pe… na mukhaṃ ummadditabbaṃ, na mukhaṃ cuṇṇetabbaṃ, na manosilikāya mukhaṃ lañchetabbaṃ, na aṅgarāgo kātabbo, na mukharāgo kātabbo , na aṅgarāgamukharāgo kātabbo. Yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
18那时,有一位比丘患眼病。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许因病因缘在脸上涂抹东西。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno cakkhurogābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ābādhappaccayā mukhaṃ ālimpitu’’nti.
248那时,王舍城有一个山顶节庆聚会。六群比丘为了看这山顶节庆聚会而去。众人讥嫌、责备、非议:“沙门释迦子怎么也能为了看跳舞、唱歌、奏乐而跑去,简直就像那些在家人、享受欲乐的人一样!”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许为了看跳舞,或为了看唱歌,或为了看奏乐而去。若有人去,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe giraggasamajjo hoti. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū giraggasamajjaṃ dassanāya agamaṃsu. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā naccampi gītampi vāditampi dassanāya gacchissanti, seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, naccaṃ vā gītaṃ vā vāditaṃ vā dassanāya gantabbaṃ. Yo gaccheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
249那时,六群比丘用拖得长长的歌声来诵法。众人讥嫌、责备、非议:“就和我们唱歌一样,这些沙门释迦子也用拖得长长的歌声来诵法!”那些少欲的……比丘们听见了那些正在讥嫌、责备、非议的众人所说的话,也讥嫌、责备、非议道:“六群比丘怎么能用拖得长长的歌声来诵法呢!”于是,那些比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊问:“诸比丘,传闻是真的吗……”他们回答:“是真的,世尊。”……世尊作了法说后,对比丘们开示道:“诸比丘,用拖得长长的歌声来诵法的人,有这五种过患:自己对那声音生起染着,他护对那声音也生起染着,在家居士们也讥嫌,对那些追求声音技巧的人来说,定会遭到破坏,后护的人会效法而行。诸比丘,这就是用拖得长长的歌声来诵法的五种过患。诸比丘,不许用拖得长长的歌声来诵法。若有人诵,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū āyatakena gītassarena dhammaṃ gāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘yatheva mayaṃ gāyāma, evamevime samaṇā sakyaputtiyā āyatakena gītassarena dhammaṃ gāyantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū āyatakena gītassarena dhammaṃ gāyissantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘pañcime, bhikkhave, ādīnavā āyatakena gītassarena dhammaṃ gāyantassa. Attanāpi tasmiṃ sare sārajjati, parepi tasmiṃ sare sārajjanti, gahapatikāpi ujjhāyanti, sarakuttimpi nikāmayamānassa samādhissa bhaṅgo hoti, pacchimā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjati – ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ādīnavā āyatakena gītassarena dhammaṃ gāyantassa. Na, bhikkhave, āyatakena gītassarena dhammo gāyitabbo. Yo gāyeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
21那时,比丘们对用吟诵调诵法心存顾虑。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许用吟诵调诵法。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū sarabhaññe kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sarabhañña’’nti.
22那时,六群比丘穿着外面有毛的毯子。众人讥嫌、责备、非议:“简直就像那些在家人、享受欲乐的人一样!”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许穿外面有毛的毯子。若有人穿,犯恶作。”
‘‘Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bāhiralomiṃ uṇṇiṃ dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, bāhiyalomi uṇṇi dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
250那时,摩揭陀国王色尼耶频婆娑罗的王苑里芒果树果子成熟了。摩揭陀国王色尼耶频婆娑罗传令说:“让圣尊们随意享用芒果吧。”六群比丘不等芒果成熟就捣下来享用了。而摩揭陀国王色尼耶频婆娑罗正好需要芒果。于是,摩揭陀国王色尼耶频婆娑罗命令仆人们说:“汉子们,去,到王苑里去,把芒果拿来。”那些仆人回答:“是的,陛下。”他们答应了摩揭陀国王色尼耶频婆娑罗后,到王苑里,对守园人说:“喂,汉子,国王陛下需要芒果,把芒果拿来吧。”守园人说:“圣尊们,芒果没有了。比丘们不等芒果成熟就捣下来享用了。”于是,那些仆人把这件事禀告了摩揭陀国王色尼耶频婆娑罗。国王说:“圣尊们把芒果享用得很好嘛,汉子们,不过世尊是赞叹节量的。”众人却讥嫌、责备、非议:“沙门释迦子怎么不知道节量,就把国王的芒果给享用了!”比丘们听见了那些正在讥嫌、责备、非议的众人所说的话。于是,那些比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许享用芒果。若有人享用,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa ārāme ambā phalino honti. Raññā māgadhena seniyena bimbisārena anuññātaṃ hoti – ‘‘yathāsukhaṃ ayyā ambaṃ paribhuñjantū’’ti. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū taruṇaññeva ambaṃ pātāpetvā paribhuñjiṃsu. Rañño ca māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa ambena attho hoti. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro manusse āṇāpesi – ‘‘gacchatha, bhaṇe, ārāmaṃ gantvā ambaṃ āharathā’’ti . ‘‘Evaṃ devā’’ti kho te manussā rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa paṭissutvā ārāmaṃ gantvā ārāmapālaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘devassa, bhaṇe, ambena attho, ambaṃ dethā’’ti. ‘‘Natthāyyā ambaṃ. Taruṇaññeva ambaṃ pātāpetvā bhikkhū paribhuñjiṃsū’’ti. Atha kho te manussā rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Suparibhuttaṃ, bhaṇe, ayyehi ambaṃ, api ca bhagavatā mattā vaṇṇitā’’ti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā na mattaṃ jānitvā rañño ambaṃ paribhuñjissantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ambaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
24那时,有一户人家设僧团食。汤里放了碎芒果肉。比丘们心存顾虑,不接受。世尊说:“诸比丘,接受吧,享用吧。诸比丘,我允许碎芒果肉。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa pūgassa saṅghabhattaṃ hoti. Sūpe ambapesikāyo pakkhittā honti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nappaṭiggaṇhanti. ‘‘Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjatha. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ambapesika’’nti.
25那时,有一个团体在举办供僧的集会。他们不会把芒果切成果片,在食堂里就直接给整个的芒果。比丘们因为顾虑而不接受。世尊说:“比丘们,接受吧,享用吧。比丘们,我允许以五种沙门的方式享用水果:用火处理过的、用刀处理过的、用指甲处理过的、没有种子的,以及已经发芽的种子是第五种。比丘们,我允许以这五种沙门的方式享用水果。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa pūgassa saṅghabhattaṃ hoti. Te na pariyāpuṇiṃsu ambapesikaṃ kātuṃ, bhattagge sakaleheva ambehi denti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nappaṭiggaṇhanti. ‘‘Paṭiggaṇhatha , bhikkhave, paribhuñjatha. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahi samaṇakappehi phalaṃ paribhuñjituṃ – aggiparicitaṃ , satthaparicitaṃ, nakhaparicitaṃ, abījaṃ, nibbattabījaññeva pañcamaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imehi pañcahi samaṇakappehi phalaṃ paribhuñjitu’’nti.
251那时,有一位比丘被蛇咬而死了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,那位比丘一定没有用慈心遍满这四种蛇王族。比丘们,如果那位比丘能用慈心遍满这四种蛇王族,他就不会被蛇咬死。哪四种蛇王族?毗楼博叉蛇王族、伊拉波塔蛇王族、沙巴子蛇王族、黑乔达摩蛇王族。比丘们,那位比丘一定没有用慈心遍满这四种蛇王族。比丘们,如果那位比丘能用慈心遍满这四种蛇王族,他就不会被蛇咬死。比丘们,我允许为了自我保护、自我守护、自我结界,用慈心遍满这四种蛇王族。比丘们,应当这样作:”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkato hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na hi nūna so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phari. Sace hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phareyya, na hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkareyya. Katamāni cattāri ahirājakulāni? Virūpakkhaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, erāpathaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, chabyāputtaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, kaṇhāgotamaṃ ahirājakulaṃ . Na hi nūna so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phari. Sace hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phareyya, na hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkareyya. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena pharituṃ, attaguttiyā attarakkhāya attaparittaṃ kātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, kātabbaṃ –
28“毗楼博叉族,我对他们修慈,伊拉波塔族,我对他们修慈;
‘‘Virūpakkhehi me mettaṃ, mettaṃ erāpathehi me;
29沙巴子族,我对他们修慈,黑乔达摩族,我也对他们修慈。
Chabyāputtehi me mettaṃ, mettaṃ kaṇhāgotamakehi ca.
30无足众生,我对他们修慈,两足众生,我对他们修慈;
‘‘Apādakehi me mettaṃ, mettaṃ dvipādakehi me;
31四足众生,我对他们修慈,多足众生,我对他们修慈。
Catuppadehi me mettaṃ, mettaṃ bahuppadehi me.
32愿无足的不伤害我,愿两足的不伤害我;
‘‘Mā maṃ apādako hiṃsi, mā maṃ hiṃsi dvipādako;
33愿四足的不伤害我,愿多足的不伤害我。”
Mā maṃ catuppado hiṃsi, mā maṃ hiṃsi bahuppado.
34一切众生、一切有情、一切生命,
‘‘Sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā, sabbe bhūtā ca kevalā;
35愿他们皆见吉祥,勿遇任何不幸。
Sabbe bhadrāni passantu, mā kiñci pāpamāgamā.
36佛无量,法无量,
‘‘Appamāṇo buddho, appamāṇo dhammo,
37僧无量,爬行众生则有量。
Appamāṇo saṅgho, pamāṇavantāni sarīsapāni .
38蛇、蝎、蜈蚣、蜘蛛、蜥蜴、老鼠,
‘‘Ahi vicchikā satapadī, uṇṇanābhi sarabū mūsikā;
39我作了保护,作了护卫,愿这些生灵退避。
Katā me rakkhā kataṃ me parittaṃ, paṭikkamantu bhūtāni.
40我今礼敬世尊,礼敬七位正自觉者。
‘‘Sohaṃ namo bhagavato, namo sattannaṃ sammāsambuddhāna’’nti.
27那时,有一位比丘因对梵行生活感到不乐,割断了自己的生殖器官。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,那愚人在应当断除之处不断,却去断除别的东西。比丘们,不应自己割断生殖器官,若割断者,犯偷兰遮罪。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu anabhiratiyā pīḷito attano aṅgajātaṃ chindi. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Aññamhi so, bhikkhave, moghapuriso chetabbamhi, aññaṃ chindi. Na, bhikkhave, attano aṅgajātaṃ chetabbaṃ. Yo chindeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
252那时,王舍城一位富豪得到了一块昂贵檀木的檀木节。这时,王舍城的富豪心想:'我何不用这块檀木节让人雕一个钵。雕刻剩下的边角料归我享用,钵就拿去布施。'于是,王舍城的富豪让人用那块檀木节雕了一个钵,用网兜兜住,挂在竹竿顶端,再把竹竿一根接一根地绑起来,然后这样宣布:'无论哪位沙门或婆罗门,若真是阿拉汉且有神通,就自行取下这已布施的钵吧。'这时,富兰那迦叶来到王舍城富豪那里,到了之后对王舍城富豪这样说:'居士,我正是阿拉汉且有神通,把钵给我吧。''尊者,如果大德真是阿拉汉且有神通,就请自行取下这已布施的钵吧。'接着,末伽梨瞿舍利……阿耆多翅舍钦婆罗……波拘陀迦旃延……散若耶毗罗梨子……尼乾陀若提子来到王舍城富豪那里,到了之后对王舍城富豪这样说:'居士,我正是阿拉汉且有神通,把钵给我吧。''尊者,如果大德真是阿拉汉且有神通,就请自行取下这已布施的钵吧。'
Tena kho pana samayena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa mahagghassa candanassa candanagaṇṭhi uppannā hoti. Atha kho rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ imāya candanagaṇṭhiyā pattaṃ lekhāpeyyaṃ. Lekhañca me paribhogaṃ bhavissati, pattañca dānaṃ dassāmī’’ti. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhi tāya candanagaṇṭhiyā pattaṃ lekhāpetvā sikkāya uḍḍitvā veḷagge ālaggetvā veḷuparamparāya bandhitvā evamāha – ‘‘yo samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā arahā ceva iddhimā ca dinnaṃyeva pattaṃ oharatū’’ti. Atha kho pūraṇo kassapo yena rājagahako seṭṭhi tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahañhi, gahapati, arahā ceva iddhimā ca, dehi me patta’’nti. ‘‘Sace, bhante, āyasmā arahā ceva iddhimā ca dinnaṃyeva pattaṃ oharatū’’ti. Atha kho makkhali gosālo… ajito kesakambalo… pakudho kaccāyano… sañcayo belaṭṭhaputto … nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto yena rājagahako seṭṭhi tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā rājagahakaṃ seṭṭhiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahañhi, gahapati, arahā ceva iddhimā ca, dehi me patta’’nti. ‘‘Sace, bhante, āyasmā arahā ceva iddhimā ca, dinnaṃyeva pattaṃ oharatū’’ti.
29那时,大目犍连尊者和宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者在午前时分,穿好下衣,拿了衣钵,进入王舍城乞食。这时,宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者对大目犍连尊者这样说:'大目犍连大德是阿拉汉且有神通。朋友目犍连,去把那个钵取下来吧。这个钵是属于你的。''婆罗堕阇大德才是阿拉汉且有神通。朋友婆罗堕阇,去把那个钵取下来吧。这个钵是属于你的。'于是,宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者腾空而起,取了那个钵,在王舍城上空绕行三圈。
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ca mahāmoggallāno āyasmā ca piṇḍolabhāradvājo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pavisiṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā piṇḍolabhāradvājo āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyasmā kho mahāmoggallāno arahā ceva iddhimā ca. Gacchāvuso, moggallāna, etaṃ pattaṃ ohara. Tuyheso patto’’ti. ‘‘Āyasmā kho bhāradvājo arahā ceva iddhimā ca. Gacchāvuso, bhāradvāja, etaṃ pattaṃ ohara. Tuyheso patto’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā piṇḍolabhāradvājo vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā taṃ pattaṃ gahetvā tikkhattuṃ rājagahaṃ anupariyāyi.
30那时,王舍城的富豪带着儿子和妻子站在自己家中,双手合十礼敬,心想:'愿婆罗堕阇尊者就在这里,在我家降落吧。'于是,宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者降落在王舍城富豪的家中。王舍城的富豪便从宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者手中接过钵,装满了昂贵的嚼食,递给了宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者。宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者接过那个钵,往寺院走去。众人听闻:'听说宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者取下了王舍城富豪的钵。'那些人便高声大嚷,紧紧尾随在宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者身后。
Tena kho pana samayena rājagahako seṭṭhi saputtadāro sake nivesane ṭhito hoti pañjaliko namassamāno – idheva, bhante, ayyo bhāradvājo amhākaṃ nivesane patiṭṭhātūti. Atha kho āyasmā piṇḍolabhāradvājo rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesane patiṭṭhāsi. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhi āyasmato piṇḍolabhāradvājassa hatthato pattaṃ gahetvā mahagghassa khādanīyassa pūretvā āyasmato piṇḍolabhāradvājassa adāsi. Atha kho āyasmā piṇḍolabhāradvājo taṃ pattaṃ gahetvā ārāmaṃ agamāsi. Assosuṃ kho manussā – ayyena kira piṇḍolabhāradvājena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa patto ohāritoti. Te ca manussā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā āyasmantaṃ piṇḍolabhāradvājaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhiṃsu.
31世尊听到了那阵高声大嚷。听到后,便问阿难尊者:'阿难,那究竟为什么有这么大的高声大嚷?''尊者,宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者取下了王舍城富豪的钵。尊者,众人听说:'听说宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者取下了王舍城富豪的钵。'尊者,那些人便高声大嚷,紧紧尾随宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者。尊者,世尊,这就是那阵高声大嚷。'于是,世尊以这件事情为因缘、为议题,召集了比丘僧团,问宾头卢婆罗堕阇尊者:'婆罗堕阇,听说你真的取下了王舍城富豪的钵?''是真的,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责说:'婆罗堕阇,这不适合、不随顺、不适当、非沙门所为、不应行、不应作。婆罗堕阇,你怎能为一个不值钱的木头钵,向在家人显现过人法、神通变化呢!婆罗堕阇,这就好比一个女人为了一个不值钱的、只值一摩沙迦钱的玩意儿,就把私处露给人看一样。婆罗堕阇,你正是这样,为了一个不值钱的木头钵,向在家人显现了过人法、神通变化。婆罗堕阇,这不能让那些未生信的人产生信心……'呵责之后……作了如法的开示后,对比丘们说:'诸比丘,不应向在家人显现过人法、神通变化。如果谁显现了,犯恶作。诸比丘,把这个木钵砸掉,砸成碎片,磨成粉末,拿给比丘们当涂眼粉用。还有,诸比丘,不应再持用木钵。如果谁持用了,犯恶作。'
Assesi kho bhagavā uccāsaddaṃ mahāsaddaṃ; sutvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho so, ānanda, uccāsaddo mahāsaddo’’ti? ‘‘Āyasmatā, bhante, piṇḍolabhāradvājena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa patto ohārito. Assosuṃ kho, bhante, manussā – ayyena kira piṇḍolabhāradvājena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa patto ohāritoti. Te ca, bhante, manussā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā āyasmantaṃ piṇḍolabhāradvājaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā. So eso, bhante, bhagavā uccāsaddo mahāsaddo’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā āyasmantaṃ piṇḍolabhāradvājaṃ paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tayā, bhāradvāja, rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa patto ohārito’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā – ‘‘ananucchavikaṃ, bhāradvāja, ananulomikaṃ appatirūpaṃ assāmaṇakaṃ akappiyaṃ akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, bhāradvāja, chavassa dārupattassa kāraṇā gihīnaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassessasi! Seyyathāpi, bhāradvāja, mātugāmo chavassa māsakarūpassa kāraṇā kopinaṃ dasseti, evameva kho tayā, bhāradvāja, chavassa dārupattassa kāraṇā gihīnaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassitaṃ. Netaṃ, bhāradvāja, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, gihīnaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassetabbaṃ. Yo dasseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bhindathetaṃ, bhikkhave, dārupattaṃ sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ katvā , bhikkhūnaṃ añjanupapisanaṃ detha. Na ca, bhikkhave, dārupatto dhāretabbo. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
32那时,六群比丘持用各种材质的钵,有金做的、银做的。众人讥嫌、非难、指责说:'就跟那些享受欲乐的在家俗人一样。'比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。'诸比丘,不应持用金钵……不应持用银钵……不应持用宝石钵……不应持用琉璃钵……不应持用水晶钵……不应持用铜合金钵……不应持用玻璃钵……不应持用锡钵……不应持用铅钵……不应持用红铜钵。如果谁持用了,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许两种钵:铁钵和陶钵。'
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvace patte dhārenti sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, sovaṇṇamayo patto dhāretabbo…pe… na rūpiyamayo patto dhāretabbo… na maṇimayo patto dhāretabbo… na veḷuriyamayo patto dhāretabbo… na phalikamayo patto dhāretabbo… na kaṃsamayo patto dhāretabbo… na kācamayo patto dhāretabbo… na tipumayo patto dhāretabbo… na sīsamayo patto dhāretabbo… na tambalohamayo patto dhāretabbo. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dve patte – ayopattaṃ, mattikāpatta’’nti.
253那时,钵底出现磨损。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。'诸比丘,我允许用钵垫圈。'
Tena kho pana samayena pattamūlaṃ ghaṃsiyati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pattamaṇḍala’’nti.
34那时,六群比丘持用各种材质的钵垫圈,有金做的、银做的。众人讥嫌、非难、指责说:'就跟那些享受欲乐的在家俗人一样。'比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。'诸比丘,不应持用各种材质的钵垫圈。如果谁持用了,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许两种钵垫圈:锡的和铅的。'如果垫圈太厚,就扣不上去。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。'诸比丘,我允许刮削它。'如果出现皱褶。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。'诸比丘,我允许截出鳄鱼齿状的缺口。'
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacāni pattamaṇḍalāni dhārenti sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacāni pattamaṇḍalāni dhāretabbāni. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dve pattamaṇḍalāni – tipumayaṃ, sīsamaya’’nti. Bahalāni maṇḍalāni na acchupiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, likhitu’’nti. Valī honti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, makaradantakaṃ chinditu’’nti.
35那时,六群比丘持用花哨的钵垫圈,上面布满了人物形象、像是壁画的图案。他们还一边走街串巷,一边把这些垫圈显摆给人看。众人讥嫌、非难、指责说:'就跟那些享受欲乐的在家俗人一样。'比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。'诸比丘,不应持用花哨、布满人物形象、像壁画图案的钵垫圈。如果谁持用了,犯恶作。'诸比丘,我允许用朴素的垫圈。'
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū citrāni pattamaṇḍalāni dhārenti rūpakākiṇṇāni bhittikammakatāni. Tāni rathikāyapi dassentā āhiṇḍanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, citrāni pattamaṇḍalāni dhāretabbāni rūpakākiṇṇāni bhittikammakatāni. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pakatimaṇḍala’’nti.
254那时,比丘们存放带水的钵。钵就这样损坏了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应存放带水的钵。若有人存放,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许把钵晒干后再存放。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū sodakaṃ pattaṃ paṭisāmenti. Patto dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, sodako patto paṭisāmetabbo. Yo paṭisāmeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, otāpetvā pattaṃ paṭisāmetu’’nti.
37那时,比丘们把带水的钵拿去晒。结果钵变得很臭。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应晒带水的钵。若有人晒,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许先把水弄干,再晒,然后存放钵。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū sodakaṃ pattaṃ otāpenti. Patto duggandho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, sodako patto otāpetabbo. Yo otāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vodakaṃ katvā otāpetvā pattaṃ paṭisāmetu’’nti.
38那时,比丘们把钵放在还热着的时候就收起来了。钵的色泽受损。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应在钵还热着时就收起来。若有人这样做,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许在热处稍微晒一会儿,等凉了再存放钵。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū uṇhe pattaṃ nidahanti. Pattassa vaṇṇo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Yo nidaheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, muhuttaṃ uṇhe otāpetvā pattaṃ paṭisāmetu’’nti.
39那时,许多钵被放在露天处,没有支架支撑。一阵旋风卷过,把钵吹落摔碎了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用钵架。”
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā pattā ajjhokāse anādhārā nikkhittā honti. Vātamaṇḍalikāya āvaṭṭetvā pattā bhijjiṃsu . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pattādhāraka’’nti.
40那时,比丘们把钵放在边沿上。钵滚落下来摔碎了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应把钵放在边沿上。若有人这样做,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū miḍḍhante pattaṃ nikkhipanti. Paripatitvā patto bhijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, miḍḍhante patto nikkhipitabbo. Yo nikkhipeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
41那时,比丘们把钵放在地面的边缘地带。钵滚落下来摔碎了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应把钵放在地面的边缘地带。若有人这样做,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū paribhaṇḍante pattaṃ nikkhipanti. Paripatitvā patto bhijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, paribhaṇḍante patto nikkhipitabbo. Yo nikkhipeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
42那时,比丘们把钵倒扣在地上。钵口边缘被磨损了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许铺草垫。”结果草垫被白蚁咬了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许铺布片。”结果布片也被白蚁咬了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用钵台。”结果钵从钵台上滚落摔碎了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用钵篮。”结果钵在钵篮里被磨损了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用钵袋。”但钵袋没有挂肩的带子。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许配上挂肩的带子和系绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū chamāya pattaṃ nikkujjanti. Oṭṭho ghaṃsiyati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tiṇasanthāraka’’nti. Tiṇasanthārako upacikāhi khajjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, coḷaka’’nti. Coḷakaṃ upacikāhi khajjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pattamāḷaka’’nti. Pattamāḷako paripatitvā patto bhijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pattakuṇḍolika’’nti. Pattakuṇḍolikāya patto ghaṃsiyati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pattathavika’’nti . Aṃsabaddhako na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṃsabaddhakaṃ bandhanasuttaka’’nti.
43那时,比丘们把钵挂在墙钉上,也挂在象牙钩上。钵掉下来摔碎了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应把钵挂起来。若有人挂,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū bhittikhilepi nāgadantakepi pattaṃ laggenti. Paripatitvā patto bhijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, patto laggetabbo. Yo laggeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
44那时,比丘们把钵放在床上,因为失念,坐下时不小心压上去,把钵压破了。他们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不可以把钵放在床上。如果放,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañce pattaṃ nikkhipanti, satisammosā nisīdantā ottharitvā pattaṃ bhindenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, mañce patto nikkhipitabbo. Yo nikkhipeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
45那时,比丘们把钵放在椅子上,因为失念,坐下时不小心压上去,把钵压破了。他们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不可以把钵放在椅子上。如果放,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū pīṭhe pattaṃ nikkhipanti, satisammosā nisīdantā ottharitvā pattaṃ bhindenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, pīṭhe patto nikkhipitabbo. Yo nikkhipeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
46那时,比丘们把钵放在大腿上,因为失念,起身时钵滑落掉在地上摔破了。他们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不可以把钵放在大腿上。如果放,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū aṅke pattaṃ nikkhipanti, satisammosā uṭṭhahanti. Paripatitvā patto bhijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, aṅke patto nikkhipitabbo. Yo nikkhipeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
47那时,比丘们把钵放在伞上。一阵旋风把伞吹翻,钵摔落下来摔破了。他们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不可以把钵放在伞上。如果放,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū chatte pattaṃ nikkhipanti. Vātamaṇḍalikāya chattaṃ ukkhipiyati paripatitvā patto bhijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, chatte patto nikkhipitabbo. Yo nikkhipeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
255那时,比丘们一手拿着钵,另一手去推门扇;门扇一转,钵便打破了。他们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不可以拿着钵去推门扇。如果推,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū pattahatthā kavāṭaṃ paṇāmenti. Kavāṭo āvaṭṭitvā patto bhijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, pattahatthena kavāṭaṃ paṇāmetabbaṃ . Yo paṇāmeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
49那时,比丘们用葫芦瓢去乞食。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“就跟那些外道一样!”他们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不可以用葫芦瓢乞食。如果这样做,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū tumbakaṭāhe piṇḍāya caranti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi titthiyāti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, tumbakaṭāhe piṇḍāya caritabbaṃ. Yo careyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
50那时,比丘们用陶罐去乞食。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“就跟那些外道一样!”他们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不可以用陶罐乞食。如果这样做,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ghaṭikaṭāhe piṇḍāya caranti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi titthiyāti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ghaṭikaṭāhe piṇḍāya caritabbaṃ. Yo careyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
51那时,有一位比丘是全部用粪扫衣的。他用死人的头盖骨当钵。一位妇女看见后,吓得大叫起来:“哎呀,这真是一个鬼!”众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些沙门释子怎么能用死人的头盖骨当钵,就跟那些饿鬼一样!”他们将这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不可以用死人的头盖骨当钵。如果用,犯恶作。还有,诸比丘,不可以成为全部用粪扫衣的人。如果这样做,也犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu sabbapaṃsukūliko hoti. So chavasīsassa pattaṃ dhāreti. Aññatarā itthī passitvā bhītā vissaramakāsi – ‘‘abhuṃ me pisāco vatāya’’nti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā chavasīsassa pattaṃ dhāressanti, seyyathāpi pisācillikā’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, chavasīsassa patto dhāretabbo. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, sabbapaṃsukūlikena bhavitabbaṃ. Yo bhaveyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
52那时候,比丘们用鉢倒掉嚼过吐掉的渣、骨头和残汤剩水。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“他们释迦子沙门在什么东西里吃饭,就往什么东西里倒垃圾。”比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许用鉢倒掉嚼过的渣、骨头或残汤剩水。若倒掉者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许有垃圾桶。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū calakānipi aṭṭhikānipi ucchiṭṭhodakampi pattena nīharanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘yasmiṃ yevime samaṇā sakyaputtiyā bhuñjanti sova nesaṃ paṭiggaho’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na bhikkhave, calakāni vā aṭṭhikāni vā ucchiṭṭhodakaṃ vā pattena nīharitabbaṃ. Yo nīhareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṭiggaha’’nti.
256那时候,比丘们用手撕开布再缝袈裟,袈裟歪歪扭扭的。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许有裁刀和垫布。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū hatthena vipphāḷetvā cīvaraṃ sibbenti. Cīvaraṃ vilomikaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, satthakaṃ namataka’’nti.
54那时候,僧团得到了一把带柄的刀。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许用带柄的刀。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa daṇḍasatthakaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, daṇḍasatthaka’’nti .
55那时候,六群比丘用高档次的刀柄——金的、银的。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“跟在家人一样享受五欲。”比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许携带高档次的刀柄。若携带者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许用骨头做的、象牙做的、角做的、芦苇做的、竹子做的、木头做的、树脂做的、果核做的、铜做的、贝壳螺钿做的刀柄。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvace satthakadaṇḍe dhārenti sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā satthakadaṇḍā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ dantamayaṃ visāṇamayaṃ naḷamayaṃ veḷumayaṃ kaṭṭhamayaṃ jatumayaṃ phalamayaṃ lohamayaṃ saṅkhanābhimaya’’nti.
56那时候,比丘们用鸡羽毛和竹篾片缝袈裟,袈裟缝得很难看。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许用针。”针变得锈迹斑斑。……“诸比丘,我允许有针筒。”针筒里也锈迹斑斑。……“诸比丘,我允许用谷糠填满。”谷糠里也锈迹斑斑。……“诸比丘,我允许用米粉填满。”米粉里也锈迹斑斑。……“诸比丘,我允许用香粉。”香粉里也锈迹斑斑。……“诸比丘,我允许用蜂蜡涂抹。”香粉块碎裂了。“诸比丘,我允许有装香粉的小袋子。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū kukkuṭapattenapi veḷupesikāyapi cīvaraṃ sibbenti. Cīvaraṃ dussibbitaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sūci’’nti. Sūciyo kaṇṇakitāyo honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave , sūcināḷika’’nti. Sūcināḷikāyapi kaṇṇakitāyo honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kiṇṇena pūretu’’nti. Kiṇṇepi kaṇṇakitāyo honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sattuyā pūretu’’nti. Sattuyāpi kaṇṇakitāyo honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saritaka’’nti. Saritakepi kaṇṇakitāyo honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, madhusitthakena sāretu’’nti. Saritakaṃ paribhijjati. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saritakasipāṭika’’nti.
57那时候,比丘们到处钉上桩子,系上绳子来缝袈裟,袈裟边角不齐。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许有缝架、缝架绳,把布到处绑好再来缝袈裟。”他们在不平坦的地方铺缝架,缝架坏了。……“诸比丘,不许在不平坦的地方铺缝架。若铺者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū tattha tattha khilaṃ nikkhaṇitvā sambandhitvā cīvaraṃ sibbenti. Cīvaraṃ vikaṇṇaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kathinaṃ kathinarajjuṃ tattha tattha obandhitvā cīvaraṃ sibbetu’’nti. Visame kathinaṃ pattharanti. Kathinaṃ paribhijjati…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, visame kathinaṃ pattharitabbaṃ. Yo patthareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
58他们在地上铺缝架,缝架沾满了灰土。……“诸比丘,我允许铺一层草垫。”缝架的边缘磨损了。……“诸比丘,我允许上边条、绑护边。”缝架不够长了。……“诸比丘,我允许有杆缝架、拼接板、销钉、绑扎绳、绑扎线,绑好后来缝袈裟。”线缝之间的间隙不均匀。……“诸比丘,我允许用线箍。”线弯曲了。……“诸比丘,我允许用环线器。”
Chamāya kathinaṃ pattharanti. Kathinaṃ paṃsukitaṃ hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tiṇasanthāraka’’nti. Kathinassa anto jīrati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anuvātaṃ paribhaṇḍaṃ āropetu’’nti. Kathinaṃ nappahoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, daṇḍakathinaṃ bidalakaṃ salākaṃ vinandhanarajjuṃ vinandhanasuttaṃ vinandhitvā cīvaraṃ sibbetu’’nti. Suttantarikāyo visamā honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi , bhikkhave, kaḷimbhaka’’nti. Suttā vaṅkā honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, moghasuttaka’’nti.
59那时候,比丘们用没洗的脚踩缝架,缝架变脏了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许用没洗的脚踩缝架。若踩者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū adhotehi pādehi kathinaṃ akkamanti. Kathinaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, adhotehi pādehi kathinaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
60那时,比丘们用湿脚踩迦絺那衣,把迦絺那衣弄脏了。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,不应该用湿脚踩迦絺那衣。如果踩了,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū allehi pādehi kathinaṃ akkamanti. Kathinaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na , bhikkhave, allehi pādehi kathinaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
61那时,比丘们穿着鞋踩迦絺那衣,把迦絺那衣弄脏了。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,不应该穿着鞋踩迦絺那衣。如果踩了,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū saupāhanā kathinaṃ akkamanti. Kathinaṃ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, saupāhanena kathinaṃ akkamitabbaṃ. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
62那时,比丘们在缝衣时用手指接针,手指弄得又痛又累。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许用顶针。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū cīvaraṃ sibbantā aṅguliyā paṭiggaṇhanti. Aṅguliyo dukkhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṭiggaha’’nti.
257那时,六群比丘用各式各样的顶针——有金做的、银做的。众人讥嫌、批评、非议说:“简直跟在家人享受五欲一样。”他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,不应用各式各样的顶针。如果用了,犯恶作。比丘们,我允许用骨做的、牙做的、角做的、芦苇做的、竹做的、木做的、树脂做的、果核做的、铜做的、螺贝做的。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvace paṭiggahe dhārenti sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā paṭiggahā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ…pe… saṅkhanābhimaya’’nti.
64那时,针、小刀和顶针常常丢失。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许用针线盒。”针线盒里的东西杂乱。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许用顶针袋。”没有肩带。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许用肩带和绑绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena sūciyopi satthakāpi paṭiggahāpi nassanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āvesanavitthaka’’nti. Āvesanavitthake samākulā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṭiggahathavika’’nti. Aṃsabaddhako na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṃsabaddhakaṃ bandhanasuttaka’’nti.
65那时,比丘们在露天缝衣,被寒冷和炎热折磨。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许建衣堂、衣棚。”衣堂地基低,被水淹没。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许把地基加高。”土台坍塌……“比丘们,我允许砌三种台:砖台、石台、木台。”登上去时费力……“比丘们,我允许设三种阶梯:砖阶、石阶、木阶。”登上去时摔下来……“比丘们,我允许设扶手栏杆。”衣堂有草屑尘土掉落……“比丘们,我允许先捆扎里面再涂抹,做成白色、黑色、红土色,做花饰、藤蔓饰、鳄鱼齿饰、五条纹饰,以及安置衣竿和衣绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū abbhokāse cīvaraṃ sibbantā sītenapi uṇhenapi kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kathinasālaṃ kathinamaṇḍapa’’nti. Kathinasālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Kathinasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajjuka’’nti.
66那时,比丘们缝好衣后,就把迦絺那衣留在那里离开了,结果被老鼠和白蚂蚁咬坏了。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许收起迦絺那衣。”迦絺那衣散开破裂……“比丘们,我允许用衣架脚收起迦絺那衣。”迦絺那衣松开……“比丘们,我允许用绑绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū cīvaraṃ sibbetvā tattheva kathinaṃ ujjhitvā pakkamanti, undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kathinaṃ saṅgharitu’’nti. Kathinaṃ paribhijjati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, goghaṃsikāya kathinaṃ saṅgharitu’’nti. Kathinaṃ viniveṭhiyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bandhanarajju’’nti .
67那时,比丘们把迦絺那衣挂在墙上或柱子上然后就离开了。衣掉下来摔破了。他们把这个情况报告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许挂在墙钉上或象钩上。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū kuṭṭepi thambhepi kathinaṃ ussāpetvā pakkamanti. Paripatitvā kathinaṃ bhijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhittikhile vā nāgadante vā laggetu’’nti.
258随后,世尊在王舍城随心所欲地住了一段时间之后,便朝着韦沙离的方向出发游行去了。而就在那时候,比丘们用钵带着针、小刀和药品一块儿走。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许使用药袋。”没有挂肩带……(中略)世尊说:“比丘们,我允许挂肩带和系绑的绳子。”
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena vesālī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū sūcikampi satthakampi bhesajjampi pattena ādāya gacchanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhesajjatthavika’’nti. Aṃsabaddhako na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṃsabaddhakaṃ bandhanasuttaka’’nti.
69就在那时候,有一位比丘用腰带绑着拖鞋,进村子里去托钵乞食。有一位优婆塞在礼敬那位比丘时,头碰到了拖鞋。那位比丘觉得很尴尬。于是,那位比丘回到寺院后,就把这件事告诉了比丘们。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许使用拖鞋袋。”没有挂肩带……(中略)世尊说:“比丘们,我允许挂肩带和系绑的绳子。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu upāhanāyo kāyabandhanena bandhitvā gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Aññataro upāsako taṃ bhikkhuṃ abhivādento upāhanāyo sīsena ghaṭṭeti. So bhikkhu maṅku ahosi. Atha kho so bhikkhu ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, upāhanatthavika’’nti. Aṃsabaddhako na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṃsabaddhakaṃ bandhanasuttaka’’nti.
70就在那时候,在旅途半道上,水(的条件)是不如法的,又没有滤水器。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许使用滤水器。”一块布不够用……(中略)世尊说:“比丘们,我允许使用勺子形的滤水器。”一块布不够用……(中略)世尊说:“比丘们,我允许使用水容器。”
Tena kho pana samayena antarāmagge udakaṃ akappiyaṃ hoti. Parissāvanaṃ na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, parissāvana’’nti. Coḷakaṃ nappahoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kaṭacchuparissāvana’’nti. Coḷakaṃ nappahoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhammakaraṇa’’nti .
259就在那时候,有两位比丘在拘萨罗国境内,走在远行的道路上。其中一位比丘做出了不如法的行为。另一位比丘就对他说:“贤友,别这么做。这不被允许。”那位(犯行的)比丘就对(劝阻他的)比丘心怀怨恨。后来,那位(劝阻人的)比丘被口渴折磨,就对那位心怀怨恨的比丘说:“贤友,把你的滤水器给我,我想喝点水。”那位心怀怨恨的比丘不给。那位(劝阻人的)比丘被口渴折磨,就去世了。之后,那位(心怀怨恨的)比丘回到寺院,把这件事告诉了比丘们。比丘们问:“贤友,别人跟你要滤水器,你怎么真的没给呢?”他回答说:“是的,贤友们。”那些少欲知足的比丘们……(中略)对此感到不满,批评指责道:“身为一个比丘,别人跟你要滤水器,怎么竟然可以不给呢!”接着,那些比丘们就把这件事禀告了世尊。于是,世尊因为这个缘由、因为这件事情,召集了比丘僧团,审问那位比丘:“比丘,听说别人跟你要滤水器,你真的没给吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责他说:“愚蠢的人,这不合宜、不顺从、不恰当、不是沙门所为、不被允许、不应该做。愚蠢的人,别人跟你要滤水器,你怎么能不给呢。愚蠢的人,这并不能令未生信者生信……(中略)。”呵责完后,……(中略)世尊做了法义的开示后,对比丘们说:“比丘们,走在远行道路上的比丘,当别人跟他要滤水器时,不可不给。如果不给,就违犯恶作。还有,比丘们,不可在没有滤水器的情况下远行。如果远行,就违犯恶作。如果没有滤水器,也没有水容器,那么即使只是大衣的一角也应该决意:‘我要用这个过滤后喝。’”随后,世尊次第游行,最终抵达了韦沙离,并在那里住下。据说,世尊当时就住在韦沙离大林的重阁讲堂里。就在那时候,比丘们在做修缮工作,滤水器不好使。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许使用有柄的滤水器。”有柄的滤水器也不好使。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许使用铺开的滤布。”
Tena kho pana samayena dve bhikkhū kosalesu janapade addhānamaggappaṭipannā honti. Eko bhikkhu anācāraṃ ācarati. Dutiyo bhikkhu taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā, āvuso, evarūpaṃ akāsi. Netaṃ kappatī’’ti. So tasmiṃ upanandhi. Atha kho so bhikkhu pipāsāya pīḷito upanaddhaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dehi me, āvuso, parissāvanaṃ, pānīyaṃ pivissāmī’’ti. Upanaddho bhikkhu na adāsi. So bhikkhu pipāsāya pīḷito kālamakāsi. Atha kho so bhikkhu ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, parissāvanaṃ yāciyamāno na adāsī’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhu parissāvanaṃ yāciyamāno na dassatī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, bhikkhu, parissāvanaṃ yāciyamāno na adāsī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā – ‘‘ananucchavikaṃ, moghapurisa, ananulomikaṃ appatirūpaṃ assāmaṇakaṃ akappiyaṃ akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, parissāvanaṃ yāciyamāno na dassasi. Netaṃ, moghapurisa , appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na bhikkhave, addhānamaggappaṭipannena bhikkhunā parissāvanaṃ yāciyamānena na dātabbaṃ. Yo na dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, aparissāvanakena addhāno paṭipajjitabbo. Yo paṭipajjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sace na hoti parissāvanaṃ vā dhammakaraṇo vā, saṅghāṭikaṇṇopi adhiṭṭhātabbo – iminā parissāvetvā pivissāmī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena vesālī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṃ karonti. Parissāvanaṃ na sammati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, daṇḍaparissāvana’’nti. Daṇḍaparissāvanaṃ na sammati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ottharaka’’nti.
72就在那时候,比丘们被蚊子严重骚扰。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许使用蚊帐。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū makasehi ubbāḷhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, makasakuṭika’’nti.
260就在那时候,在韦沙离,有安排好了的上好食物的供餐次序。比丘们吃了那些上好食物之后,身体变得沉重、有很多病痛。那时,天眼耆婆为了处理一些事情来到了韦沙离。天眼耆婆看到比丘们身体沉重、病痛很多。看见之后,他就去世尊那里,到了世尊那里,礼敬世尊,然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的天眼耆婆对世尊说:“尊者,现在比丘们身体沉重,病痛很多。萨度!尊者,愿世尊允许比丘们使用经行处和暖房。这样一来,比丘们就会少有病痛了。”于是,世尊用佛法开示来教导、激励、鼓舞、令天眼耆婆欢喜。天眼耆婆被世尊用佛法开示教导、激励、鼓舞、欢喜之后,从座起身,礼敬世尊,右绕之后离开了。于是,世尊因为这个缘由、因为这件事情,做了法义的开示后,对比丘们说:“比丘们,我允许经行处和暖房。”
Tena kho pana samayena vesāliyaṃ paṇītānaṃ bhattānaṃ bhattapaṭipāṭi aṭṭhitā hoti. Bhikkhū paṇītāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā abhisannakāyā honti bahvābādhā . Atha kho jīvako komārabhacco vesāliṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Addasā kho jīvako komārabhacco bhikkhū abhisannakāye bahvābādhe. Disvāna yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jīvako komārabhacco bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etarahi, bhante, bhikkhū abhisannakāyā bahvābādhā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ caṅkamañca jantāgharañca anujānātu. Evaṃ bhikkhū appābādhā bhavissantī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā jīvakaṃ komārabhaccaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho jīvako komārabhacco bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caṅkamañca jantāgharañcā’’ti.
74就在那时候,比丘们在不平坦的经行处上经行,脚很痛。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许把它弄平整。”经行处的地基太低,会被水淹……(中略)世尊说:“比丘们,我允许把地基垫高。”垫起来的土堆会崩塌……(中略)世尊说:“比丘们,我允许砌筑三种墙基:砖砌的墙基、石头砌的墙基、木头做的墙基。”登上去的时候很费力……(中略)世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做三种阶梯:砖阶梯、石阶梯、木阶梯。”登上去的时候会跌倒……(中略)世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做扶手栏杆。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū visame caṅkame caṅkamanti. Pādā dukkhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, samaṃ kātu’’nti. Caṅkamo nīcavatthuko hoti. Udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti.
75就在那时候,比丘们在经行处上经行时会掉下来。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许设置经行处的栏杆。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū caṅkame caṅkamantā paripatanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caṅkamanavedika’’nti.
76那时,比丘们在露天地经行,被冷、热所困扰。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许建经行堂。”经行堂里草屑掉落……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许在涂抹后,内外用灰泥粉刷——做白色、黑色、赭色的修饰,做花蔓纹、藤蔓纹、鳄鱼齿纹、五条纹,并做衣竿和衣绳。”浴室地坪低洼,被水淹……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许把地坪加高。”地基崩塌……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许砌三种地基——砖地基、石地基、木地基。”上下时疲苦……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做三种台阶——砖台阶、石台阶、木台阶。”上下时跌倒……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许装扶手。”浴室没有门……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做门、门框、门臼、门槛、门闩、门锁头、插销、门扣、锁孔、拉绳孔和拉绳。”浴室的门框朽坏……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做圆盘。”浴室没有排烟管……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做排烟管。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ajjhokāse caṅkamantā sītenapi uṇhenapi kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caṅkamanasāla’’nti. Caṅkamanasālāyaṃ tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti. Jantāgharaṃ nīcavatthukaṃ hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti . Jantāgharassa kavāṭaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsakaṃ aggaḷavaṭṭikaṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ tāḷacchiddaṃ āviñchanachiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti . Jantāgharassa kuṭṭapādo jīrati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, maṇḍalikaṃ kātu’’nti. Jantāgharassa dhūmanettaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhūmanetta’’nti.
77那时,比丘们在小型浴室的正中间设置火炉,没有活动空间。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许在小浴室里把火炉设在一旁,在大浴室里设在中央。”浴室里火苗烧到脸……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做面泥。”用手沾湿泥……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做泥槽。”泥有臭味……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许调配香料。”浴室里火烤身体……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许运水过来。”用碗、用钵运水……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做水槽和水勺。”浴室的草盖顶不能保温……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许在涂抹后,内外用灰泥粉刷。”浴室地面泥泞……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许铺三种地面——砖铺地、石铺地、木铺地。”地面仍然泥泞……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许冲洗。”水积在那里……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做排水道。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū khuddake jantāghare majjhe aggiṭṭhānaṃ karonti. Upacāro na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, khuddake jantāghare ekamantaṃ aggiṭṭhānaṃ kātuṃ, mahallake majjhe’’ti. Jantāghare aggi mukhaṃ ḍahati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mukhamattika’’nti. Hatthe mattikaṃ tementi…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mattikādoṇika’’nti. Mattikā duggandhā hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vāsetu’’nti. Jantāghare aggi kāyaṃ ḍahati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaṃ atiharitu’’nti. Pātiyāpi pattenapi udakaṃ atiharanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaṭṭhānaṃ, udakasarāvaka’’nti. Jantāgharaṃ tiṇacchadanaṃ na sedeti …pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātu’’nti. Jantāgharaṃ cikkhallaṃ hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, santharituṃ tayo santhare – iṭṭhakāsantharaṃ, silāsantharaṃ , dārusanthara’’nti. Cikkhallaṃyeva hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhovitu’’nti. Udakaṃ santiṭṭhati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamana’’nti.
78那时,比丘们坐在浴室的地上挠痒身体。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许设浴室凳。”那时,浴室没有围墙……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许围三种墙——砖墙、石墙、木墙。”没有门楼……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做门楼。”门楼地坪低洼,被水淹……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许加高地坪。”地基崩塌……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许砌三种地基——砖地基、石地基、木地基。”上下时疲苦……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做三种台阶——砖台阶、石台阶、木台阶。”上下时跌倒……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许装扶手。”门楼没有门……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做门、门框、门臼、门槛、门闩、门锁头、插销、门扣、锁孔、拉绳孔和拉绳。”门楼里草屑掉落……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许在涂抹后,内外用灰泥粉刷——做白色、黑色、赭色的修饰,做花蔓纹、藤蔓纹、鳄鱼齿纹、五条纹。”庭院泥泞……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许撒沙砾。”不够铺满……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许铺石板。”水积在那里……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做排水道。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū jantāghare chamāya nisīdanti, gattāni kaṇḍūvanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, jantāgharapīṭha’’nti. Tena kho pana samayena jantāgharaṃ aparikkhittaṃ hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo pākāre – iṭṭhakāpākāraṃ, silāpākāraṃ, dārupākāra’’nti. Koṭṭhako na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koṭṭhaka’’nti. Koṭṭhako nīcavatthuko hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Koṭṭhakassa kavāṭaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsakaṃ aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ tāḷacchiddaṃ āviñchanachiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Koṭṭhake tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikanti. Pariveṇaṃ cikkhallaṃ hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, marumbaṃ upakiritu’’nti. Na pariyāpuṇanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, padarasilaṃ nikkhipitu’’nti. Udakaṃ santiṭṭhati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamana’’nti.
261那时,比丘们裸体向裸体行礼……裸体让裸体行礼,裸体为裸体做服侍,裸体让裸体做服侍,裸体给裸体东西,裸体接受,裸体嚼食,裸体吃饭,裸体品尝,裸体喝水。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,裸体不该向裸体行礼……裸体不该行礼……裸体不该让裸体行礼……裸体不该让行礼……裸体不该为裸体做服侍……裸体不该让裸体做服侍……裸体不该给裸体东西……裸体不该接受……裸体不该嚼食……裸体不该吃饭……裸体不该品尝……裸体不该喝水。若谁喝,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū naggā naggaṃ abhivādenti…pe… naggā naggaṃ abhivādāpenti, naggā naggassa parikammaṃ karonti, naggā naggassa parikammaṃ kārāpenti, naggā naggassa denti, naggā paṭiggaṇhanti, naggā khādanti, naggā bhuñjanti, naggā sāyanti, naggā pivanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, naggena naggo abhivādetabbo…pe… na naggena abhivādetabbaṃ… na naggena naggo abhivādāpetabbo… na naggena abhivādāpetabbaṃ… na naggena naggassa parikammaṃ kātabbaṃ… na naggena naggassa parikammaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ… na naggena naggassa dātabbaṃ… na naggena paṭiggahetabbaṃ… na naggena khāditabbaṃ… na naggena bhuñjitabbaṃ… na naggena sāyitabbaṃ… na naggena pātabbaṃ. Yo piveyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
80那时,比丘们把衣放在浴室的地上,衣沾了灰尘。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许做衣竿和衣绳。”下雨时衣被淋湿……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许建浴室大棚。”浴室大棚地坪低洼,被水淹……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许加高地坪。”地基崩塌……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许砌……上下时疲苦……上下时跌倒……世尊说:‘比丘们,我允许装扶手。’”浴室大棚里草屑掉落……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许在涂抹后,内外用灰泥粉刷……做衣竿和衣绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū jantāghare chamāya cīvaraṃ nikkhipanti. Cīvaraṃ paṃsukitaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti. Deve vassante cīvaraṃ ovassati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave , jantāgharasāla’’nti. Jantāgharasālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ…pe… ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Jantāgharasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ…pe… cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti.
81那时,比丘们对于在浴室里和水中为别人做服侍感到犯疑。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许用三种遮盖物——浴室遮盖物、水遮盖物、布遮盖物。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū jantāgharepi udakepi parikammaṃ kātuṃ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tisso paṭicchādiyo – jantāgharapaṭicchādiṃ, udakapaṭicchādiṃ, vatthapaṭicchādi’’nti.
82那时,浴室里没有水。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许挖井。”井壁塌坏……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许砌三种地基——砖地基、石地基、木地基。”井口地坪低洼,被水淹……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许加高地坪。”地基崩塌……上下时疲苦……上下时跌倒……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许装扶手。”
Tena kho pana samayena jantāghare udakaṃ na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, udapāna’’nti. Udapānassa kūlaṃ lujjati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Udapāno nīcavatthuko hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti.
262那时,比丘们用藤蔓和腰带汲水。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许用汲水绳。”手痛……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许用秤杆、辘轳、轮盘。”很多容器破损……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许用三种容器——铜容器、木容器、皮袋片。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū vallikāyapi kāyabandhanenapi udakaṃ vāhenti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakavāhanarajju’’nti. Hatthā dukkhā honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tulaṃ karakaṭakaṃ cakkavaṭṭaka’’nti. Bhājanā bahū bhijjanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo vārake – lohavārakaṃ, dāruvārakaṃ, cammakkhaṇḍa’’nti.
84那时,比丘们在露天处排水,因寒冷或炎热而受苦。他们禀告世尊这件事。世尊说:‘诸比丘,我允许建水屋。’水屋里掉下草屑……‘诸比丘,我允许涂抹墙壁并做装饰:白色、黑色、赭色涂料、花蔓纹、藤蔓纹、鱼齿纹、五条纹饰,以及衣竿和衣绳。’水井没有盖,被草屑和灰尘弄脏……‘诸比丘,我允许加盖。’没有盛水容器……‘诸比丘,我允许使用水槽和水锅。’
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ajjhokāse udakaṃ vāhentā sītenapi uṇhenapi kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udapānasāla’’nti. Udapānasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti. Udapāno apāruto hoti, tiṇacuṇṇehipi paṃsukehipi okiriyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apidhāna’’nti. Udakabhājanaṃ na saṃvijjati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakadoṇiṃ udakakaṭāha’’nti.
85那时,比丘们在寺院各处洗澡,寺院变得泥泞不堪。他们禀告世尊这件事。世尊说:‘诸比丘,我允许建浴池。’浴池是露天的,比丘们羞于洗澡……‘诸比丘,我允许用三种围墙围起来:砖墙、石墙、木墙。’浴池仍然泥泞……‘诸比丘,我允许铺设三种地面:砖地、石地、木地。’水积聚不流……‘诸比丘,我允许设排水道。’
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ārāme tahaṃ tahaṃ nahāyanti. Ārāmo cikkhallo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, candanika’’nti. Candanikā pākaṭā hoti. Bhikkhū hiriyanti nahāyituṃ…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo pākāre – iṭṭhakāpākāraṃ, silāpākāraṃ, dārupākāra’’nti. Candanikā cikkhallā hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, santharituṃ tayo santhare – iṭṭhakāsantharaṃ, silāsantharaṃ, dārusanthara’’nti. Udakaṃ santiṭṭhati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamana’’nti.
86那时,比丘们的身体发冷。他们禀告世尊这件事……‘诸比丘,我允许使用擦身布,哪怕用小块布片擦干也行。’
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ gattāni sītigatāni honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakapuñchaniṃ coḷakenapi paccuddharitu’’nti.
263那时,有位优婆塞想为僧团修建一个池塘。他们禀告世尊这件事……‘诸比丘,我允许建池塘。’池塘堤岸崩塌……‘诸比丘,我允许用三种材料筑堤:砖堤、石堤、木堤。’上下池塘不方便……‘诸比丘,我允许设三种台阶:砖阶、石阶、木阶。’攀爬的人跌倒……‘诸比丘,我允许装扶手栏杆。’池塘里的水变陈旧……‘诸比丘,我允许开通引水渠和排水道。’
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro upāsako saṅghassa atthāya pokkharaṇiṃ kāretukāmo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pokkharaṇi’’nti. Pokkharaṇiyā kūlaṃ lujjati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Pokkharaṇiyā udakaṃ purāṇaṃ hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakamātikaṃ udakaniddhamana’’nti.
88那时,有位比丘想为僧团建一间朴素的暖房。他们禀告世尊这件事……‘诸比丘,我允许建朴素的暖房。’
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu saṅghassa atthāya nillekhaṃ jantāgharaṃ kattukāmo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, nillekhaṃ jantāghara’’nti.
89那时,六群比丘离开坐具超过四个月。他们禀告世尊这件事……‘诸比丘,不应离开坐具超过四个月。若离开者,犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū cātumāsaṃ nisīdanena vippavasanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, cātumāsaṃ nisīdanena vippavasitabbaṃ. Yo vippavaseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
264那时,六群比丘睡在撒满鲜花的床铺上。众人游访寺院看见后,讥嫌、批评、非议说:‘就像在家人贪享欲乐一样。’他们禀告世尊这件事。世尊说:‘诸比丘,不应睡在撒满鲜花的床铺上。若睡者,犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū pupphābhikiṇṇesu sayanesu sayanti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, pupphābhikiṇṇesu sayanesu sayitabbaṃ. Yo sayeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti .
91那时,人们带着香和花来到寺院。比丘们心有顾虑,不敢接受。他们禀告世尊这件事。世尊说:‘诸比丘,我允许接受香,用来在门扇上按五个指印;接受花后,放在寺院的一边。’
Tena kho pana samayena manussā gandhampi mālampi ādāya ārāmaṃ āgacchanti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gandhaṃ gahetvā kavāṭe pañcaṅgulikaṃ dātuṃ, pupphaṃ gahetvā vihāre ekamantaṃ nikkhipitu’’nti.
92那时,僧团得到了一块布料。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用布料。”接着比丘们心里想:“这块布料应当受持呢,还是应当分配呢?”……“诸比丘,布料既不应受持,也不应分配。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa namatakaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, namataka’’nti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘namatakaṃ adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ nu kho udāhu vikappetabba’’nti…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, namatakaṃ adhiṭṭhātabbaṃ, na vikappetabba’’nti.
93那时,六群比丘在浇汁的饭上进食。众人讥嫌、责备、非难道:“就像那些在家享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告世尊……“诸比丘,不应在浇汁的饭上进食。若进食者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū āsittakūpadhāne bhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, āsittakūpadhāne bhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo bhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti .
94那时,有一位比丘生病了。他进食时,手无法拿稳钵。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用钵支架。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu gilāno hoti. So bhuñjamāno na sakkoti hatthena pattaṃ sandhāretuṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, maḷorika’’nti.
95那时,六群比丘同在一个食器里进食……同在一个杯子里喝水,同在一张床上躺卧,同盖一张敷具,同披一件覆身衣,同用一张兼作敷具的覆身衣。众人讥嫌、责备、非难道:“就像那些在家享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应同在一个食器里进食……不应同在一个杯子里喝水……不应同在一张床上躺卧……不应同盖一张敷具……不应同披一件覆身衣……不应同用一张兼作敷具的覆身衣。若躺卧者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ekabhājanepi bhuñjanti…pe… ekathālakepi pivanti, ekamañcepi tuvaṭṭenti, ekattharaṇāpi tuvaṭṭenti, ekapāvuraṇāpi tuvaṭṭenti, ekattharaṇapāvuraṇāpi tuvaṭṭenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ekabhājane bhuñjitabbaṃ…pe… na ekathālake pātabbaṃ… na ekamañce tuvaṭṭitabbaṃ… na ekattharaṇā tuvaṭṭitabbaṃ… na ekapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭitabbaṃ… na ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭitabbaṃ. Yo tuvaṭṭeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
265那时,梨车维人瓦德哈是眉地亚菩米迦比丘们的朋友。这时,梨车维人瓦德哈来到眉地亚菩米迦比丘们所在的地方,到了之后,对眉地亚菩米迦比丘们说:“尊者們,我礼敬你們。”这么说的时候,眉地亚菩米迦比丘们没有理睬他。第二次,梨车维人瓦德哈对眉地亚菩米迦比丘们说:“尊者們,我礼敬你們。”第二次,眉地亚菩米迦比丘们还是没有理睬他。第三次,梨车维人瓦德哈对眉地亚菩米迦比丘们说:“尊者們,我礼敬你們。”第三次,眉地亚菩米迦比丘们仍然没有理睬他。“我对尊者們有什么得罪的地方?为什么尊者們不理我?”“贤友瓦德哈啊,事情是这样的,你在达波·摩拉子刁难我们的时候,袖手旁观。”“尊者們,那我能做什么呢?”“贤友瓦德哈,如果你愿意,今天就让世尊把具寿达波·摩拉子赶走吧。”“尊者們,我又能做什么?我能做到什么呢?”“来吧,贤友瓦德哈,到世尊那裡去,见了世尊后,这样对他说:‘大德,这不合意,不相称。大德,那个本来是安稳、无灾无难的方向,现在却充满了恐惧、灾难和祸患;本来无风的地方,现在起了风;那水就像是着了火一样;尊者达波·摩拉子玷污了我的妻子。’”“好的,尊者們。”梨车维人瓦德哈答应了眉地亚菩米迦比丘们的請求,便去世尊那裡,向世尊礼敬后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁后,梨车维人瓦德哈对世尊说:“大德,这不合意,不相称。大德,那个本来是安稳、无灾无难的方向,现在却充满了恐惧、灾难和祸患;本来无风的地方,现在起了风;那水就像是着了火一样;尊者达波·摩拉子玷污了我的妻子。”
Tena kho pana samayena vaḍḍho licchavī mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sahāyo hoti. Atha kho vaḍḍho licchavī yena mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā mettiyabhūmajake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘vandāmi ayyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū nālapiṃsu. Dutiyampi kho vaḍḍho licchavī mettiyabhūmajake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘vandāmi ayyā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū nālapiṃsu. Tatiyampi kho vaḍḍho licchavī mettiyabhūmajake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘vandāmi ayyā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū nālapiṃsu. ‘‘Kyāhaṃ ayyānaṃ aparajjhāmi, kissa maṃ ayyā nālapantī’’ti? ‘‘Tathā hi pana tvaṃ, āvuso vaḍḍha, amhe dabbena mallaputtena viheṭhiyamāne ajjhupekkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Kyāhaṃ ayyā karomī’’ti? ‘‘Sace kho tvaṃ, āvuso vaḍḍha, iccheyyāsi, ajjeva bhagavā āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ nāsāpeyyā’’ti. ‘‘Kyāhaṃ ayyā karomi, kiṃ mayā sakkā kātu’’nti? ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, āvuso vaḍḍha, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkama, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘idaṃ, bhante, nacchannaṃ nappatirūpaṃ. Yāyaṃ, bhante, disā abhayā anītikā anupaddavā sāyaṃ disā sabhayā saītikā saupaddavā; yato nivātaṃ tato savātaṃ ; udakaṃ maññe ādittaṃ; ayyena me dabbena mallaputtena pajāpati dūsitā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ ayyā’’ti kho vaḍḍho licchavī mettiyabhūmajakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho vaḍḍho licchavī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, nacchannaṃ nappatirūpaṃ. Yāyaṃ, bhante, disā abhayā anītikā anupaddavā sāyaṃ disā sabhayā saītikā saupaddavā; yato nivātaṃ tato savātaṃ; udakaṃ maññe ādittaṃ; ayyena me dabbena mallaputtena pajāpati dūsitā’’ti.
97这时,世尊以此因缘、以此事端召集了比丘僧团,向具寿达波·摩拉子询问道:“达波,你还记得自己做过像瓦德哈所说的那种事吗?”“正如世尊您所知的那样,大德。”第二次,世尊又……第三次,世尊对具寿达波·摩拉子说:“达波,你还记得自己做过像瓦德哈所说的那种事吗?”“正如世尊您所知的那样,大德。”“达波,这些清白之人不这样含糊其辭。如果做了,就说‘做了’;如果没做,就说‘没做’。”“大德,自从我出生以来,即使在梦中也未曾行过淫欲之法,更何况是清醒的时候呢。”这时,世尊告诉比丘们:“既然如此,诸比丘,僧团应当对在家信徒梨车维人瓦德哈实施覆钵,使他不得与僧团共受用。”
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ paṭipucchi – ‘‘sarasi tvaṃ, dabba, evarūpaṃ kattā yathāyaṃ vaḍḍho āhā’’ti? ‘‘Yathā maṃ, bhante, bhagavā jānātī’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā…pe… tatiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sarasi tvaṃ, dabba, evarūpaṃ kattā yathāyaṃ vaḍḍho āhā’’ti? ‘‘Yathā maṃ, bhante, bhagavā jānātī’’ti. ‘‘Na kho, dabba, dabbā evaṃ nibbeṭhenti. Sace tayā kataṃ, katanti vadehi; sace akataṃ, akatanti vadehī’’ti. ‘‘Yato ahaṃ, bhante, jāto nābhijānāmi supinantenapi methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevitā, pageva jāgaro’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho vaḍḍhassa licchavissa pattaṃ nikkujjatu, asambhogaṃ saṅghena karotu.
98“诸比丘,具备八种条件的在家信徒,应当被覆钵:他企图使比丘们无所得,他企图损害比丘们的利益,他企图使比丘们无处安住,他辱骂诽谤比丘们,他离间比丘们,他说佛陀的坏话,他说法的坏话,他说僧团的坏话。诸比丘,我允许对具备这八种条件的在家信徒进行覆钵。而且,诸比丘,应该这样進行覆钵:应由一位聪明、胜任的比丘向僧团宣告:”
‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa patto nikkujjitabbo – bhikkhūnaṃ alābhāya parisakkati, bhikkhūnaṃ anatthāya parisakkati, bhikkhūnaṃ avāsāya parisakkati, bhikkhū akkosati paribhāsati, bhikkhū bhikkhūhi bhedeti, buddhassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, dhammassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, saṅghassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa pattaṃ nikkujjituṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nikkujjitabbo. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
266“‘大德僧团,请听。在家信徒梨车维人瓦德哈,以无根的戒行缺失之罪,企图破坏具寿达波·摩拉子的名誉。如果僧团达到一致,僧团应当对在家信徒梨车维人瓦德哈进行覆钵,使他不得与僧团共受用。此为白。’
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Vaḍḍho licchavī āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃseti. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho vaḍḍhassa licchavissa pattaṃ nikkujjeyya, asambhogaṃ saṅghena kareyya. Esā ñatti.
100“尊者,请僧团听我说。离车人瓦德以毫无根据的戒行缺失,诽谤具寿达巴·摩罗子。僧团对离车人瓦德覆钵,使他不得与僧团共受用。若哪位尊者同意对离车人瓦德覆钵、使他不得与僧团共受用,请默然;若不同意,请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Vaḍḍho licchavī āyasmantaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃseti. Saṅgho vaḍḍhassa licchavissa pattaṃ nikkujjati, asambhogaṃ saṅghena karoti . Yassāyasmato khamati vaḍḍhassa licchavissa pattassa nikkujjanā, asambhogaṃ saṅghena karaṇaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
101“离车人瓦德的钵已被僧团覆下,他不得与僧团共受用。僧团同意,因此默然。据此,我这样持守。”
‘‘Nikkujjito saṅghena vaḍḍhassa licchavissa patto, asambhogo saṅghena. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
102那时,具寿阿难在午前时分,穿好下衣,拿着钵和袈裟,前往离车人瓦德的住处。到了之后,对离车人瓦德这样说:“瓦德贤友,僧团已经对你覆钵了,你不得与僧团共受用了。”当时,离车人瓦德心想:“听说僧团已经对我覆钵了,听说我不得与僧团共受用了。”就在那里昏倒在地。接着,离车人瓦德的朋友、同僚、亲戚、族人便对离车人瓦德这样说:“够了,瓦德贤友,不要忧愁,不要悲伤。我们会让世尊和比丘僧团满意的。”
Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena vaḍḍhassa licchavissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā vaḍḍhaṃ licchaviṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saṅghena te, āvuso vaḍḍha, patto nikkujjito. Asambhogosi saṅghenā’’ti. Atha kho vaḍḍho licchavī – saṅghena kira me patto nikkujjito, asambhogomhi kira saṅghenāti – tattheva mucchito papato. Atha kho vaḍḍhassa licchavissa mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā vaḍḍhaṃ licchaviṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘alaṃ, āvuso vaḍḍha, mā soci, mā paridevi. Mayaṃ bhagavantaṃ pasādessāma bhikkhusaṅghañcā’’ti.
103于是,离车人瓦德带着妻子儿女,与朋友、同僚、亲戚、族人一起,身穿湿衣,披着湿发,前往世尊那里。到了之后,以头面倒在世尊的脚上,对世尊这样说:“尊者,过失战胜了我——如愚者、如痴者、如不善者一般,我竟然以毫无根据的戒行缺失诽谤了圣者达巴·摩罗子。尊者,请求世尊为防护未来,接受我这如实的过失。”世尊说:“瓦德贤友,确实,你被过失战胜了——如愚者、如痴者、如不善者一般,因为你以毫无根据的戒行缺失诽谤了达巴·摩罗子。然而,瓦德贤友,因为你如实看到了过失,并如法对治,我们接受你这一点。瓦德贤友,在圣者的律法中,一个人如实看到了过失,如法对治,并在未来做到防护,这就是增长。”接着,世尊对比丘们说:“既然如此,比丘们,让僧团为离车人瓦德揭钵,使他能与僧团共受用。”
Atha kho vaḍḍho licchavī saputtadāro samittāmacco sañātisālohito allavattho allakeso yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘accayo maṃ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yohaṃ ayyaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsesiṃ. Tassa me, bhante, bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā’’ti. ‘‘Taggha tvaṃ, āvuso vaḍḍha, accayo accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ dabbaṃ mallaputtaṃ amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsesi. Yato ca kho tvaṃ, āvuso vaḍḍha, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarosi, taṃ te mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuḍḍhihesā, āvuso vaḍḍha, ariyassa vinaye yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti, āyatiṃ saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho vaḍḍhassa licchavissa pattaṃ ukkujjatu, sambhogaṃ saṅghena karotu.
104“比丘们,具备八种条件的优婆塞应当被揭钵:他不为比丘们的无利益而奔走,不为比丘们的损害而奔走,不为比丘们失去住处而奔走,不辱骂、不诽谤比丘们,不离间比丘与比丘,不说佛陀的坏话,不说法的坏话,不说僧团的坏话。比丘们,我允许为具备这八种条件的优婆塞揭钵。比丘们,应当这样揭钵:比丘们,那位离车人瓦德应前往僧团,将袈裟披在一肩,礼敬比丘们的脚,然后蹲坐下来,合掌,这样说道:‘尊者,僧团对我覆钵,我不得与僧团共受用。尊者,我现在如法而行,驯服自己,修习出离,请求僧团揭钵。’应当请求第二次,应当请求第三次。应由一位有能力、胜任的比丘告知僧团:
‘‘Aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa patto ukkujjitabbo – na bhikkhūnaṃ alābhāya parisakkati, na bhikkhūnaṃ anatthāya parisakkati, na bhikkhūnaṃ avāsāya parisakkati, na bhikkhū akkosati paribhāsati, na bhikkhū bhikkhūhi bhedeti, na buddhassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, na dhammassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, na saṅghassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, imehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa pattaṃ ukkujjituṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, ukkujjitabbo. Tena, bhikkhave, vaḍḍhena licchavinā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘saṅghena me, bhante, patto nikkujjito, asambhogomhi saṅghena. Sohaṃ, bhante, sammā vattāmi, lomaṃ pātemi, netthāraṃ vattāmi, saṅghaṃ pattukkujjanaṃ yācāmī’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbo. Tatiyampi yācitabbo. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
267“‘尊者,请僧团听我说。离车人瓦德曾被僧团覆钵,不得与僧团共受用。他现在如法而行,驯服自己,修习出离,请求僧团揭钵。如果僧团认为时机合适,愿僧团为离车人瓦德揭钵,使他能与僧团共受用。这是动议。’
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅghena vaḍḍhassa licchavissa patto nikkujjito, asambhogo saṅghena. So sammā vattati, lomaṃ pāteti, netthāraṃ vattati, saṅghaṃ pattukkujjanaṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho vaḍḍhassa licchavissa pattaṃ ukkujjeyya, sambhogaṃ saṅghena kareyya. Esā ñatti.
106“‘尊者,请僧团听我说。离车人瓦德曾被僧团覆钵,不得与僧团共受用。他现在如法而行,驯服自己,修习出离,请求僧团揭钵。僧团为离车人瓦德揭钵,使他能与僧团共受用。若哪位尊者同意为离车人瓦德揭钵、使他能与僧团共受用,请默然;若不同意,请说出来。’
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅghena vaḍḍhassa licchavissa patto nikkujjito, asambhogo saṅghena. So sammā vattati, lomaṃ pāteti, netthāraṃ vattati , saṅghaṃ pattukkujjanaṃ yācati. Saṅgho vaḍḍhassa licchavissa pattaṃ ukkujjati, sambhogaṃ saṅghena karoti. Yassāyasmato khamati vaḍḍhassa licchavissa pattassa ukkujjanā, sambhogaṃ saṅghena karaṇaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
107“‘离车人瓦德的钵已被僧团揭开,他可以与僧团共受用。僧团同意,因此默然。据此,我这样持守。’”
‘‘Ukkujjito saṅghena vaḍḍhassa licchavissa patto, sambhogo saṅghena. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
268那时,世尊在维萨里随缘住了一段时间后,就朝着跋耆地区出发游行。一路次第游行,来到了跋耆地方。就在那里,世尊住在跋耆境内的苏苏马拉山区的贝沙卡拉林苑的鹿野苑中。而那时,菩提王子有一座名为红莲的宫殿才刚建好不久,还没被任何沙门、婆罗门,或任何人住过。于是,菩提王子就吩咐桑吉卡子青年说:“喂,亲爱的桑吉卡子,你到世尊那里去一趟。到了之后,用我的话,以头顶礼世尊的双足,并请问世尊是否无病、无疾、身体轻快、气力充足、安适而住。这样说:‘尊者,菩提王子以头顶礼世尊的双足,请问世尊是否无病、无疾、身体轻快、气力充足、安适而住。’然后你再这样说:‘据说,尊者,世尊啊,请您接受菩提王子明日的饭食供养,连同比丘僧团一起。’”桑吉卡子青年回答菩提王子说:“好的,先生。”于是,桑吉卡子青年就前往世尊那里。到了之后,和世尊互相问候,谈了一些客气与令人欢喜的话,然后站在一边。站在一边后,桑吉卡子青年对世尊这样说:“菩提王子以头顶礼乔达摩先生的双足,请问您是否无病、无疾、身体轻快、气力充足、安适而住。并且这样说:‘据说,乔达摩先生啊,请您接受菩提王子明日的饭食供养,连同比丘僧团一起。’”世尊以沉默的方式接受了邀请。桑吉卡子青年知道了世尊接受后,便从座位起身,前往菩提王子那里。到了之后,对菩提王子这样说:“我们已用您的话,对那位乔达摩先生说了:‘菩提王子以头顶礼乔达摩先生的双足,请问您是否无病、无疾、身体轻快、气力充足、安适而住。并且这样说:据说,乔达摩先生啊,请您接受菩提王子明日的饭食供养,连同比丘僧团一起。’而沙门乔达摩已经接受了。”
Atha kho bhagavā vesāliyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bhaggā tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bhaggā tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Tena kho pana samayena bodhissa rājakumārassa kokanado nāma pāsādo acirakārito hoti, anajjhāvuttho samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro sañjikāputtaṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, samma sañcikāputta, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkama, upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vanda; appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ puccha – ‘bodhi, bhante, rājakumāro bhagavato pāde sirasā vandati, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchatī’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘adhivāsetu kira, bhante , bhagavā bodhissa rājakumārassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bho’’ti kho sañcikāputto māṇavo bodhissa rājakumārassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sañcikāputto māṇavo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bodhi kho rājakumāro bhoto gotamassa pāde sirasā vandati, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati. Evañca vadeti – ‘adhivāsetu kira bhavaṃ gotamo bodhissa rājakumārassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho sañcikāputto māṇavo bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bodhi rājakumāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bodhiṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘avocumha kho mayaṃ bhoto vacanena taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ – ‘bodhi kho rājakumāro bhoto gotamassa pāde sirasā vandati, appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati. Evañca vadeti – adhivāsetu kira bhavaṃ gotamo bodhissa rājakumārassa svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’ti. Adhivutthañca pana samaṇena gotamenā’’ti.
109于是,菩提王子在那夜晚过后,准备好了丰美的硬食和软食,并让人把红莲宫殿用白布铺起来,一直铺到最后一级台阶。然后吩咐桑吉卡子青年说:“喂,亲爱的桑吉卡子,你到世尊那里去一趟。到了之后,向世尊报时:‘时间到了,尊者,饭食已备。’”桑吉卡子青年回答菩提王子说:“好的,先生。”于是,桑吉卡子青年就前往世尊那里。到了之后,向世尊报时说:“时间到了,乔达摩先生,饭食已备。”
Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā, kokanadañca pāsādaṃ odātehi dussehi santharāpetvā yāva pacchimasopānakaḷevarā, sañcikāputtaṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, samma sañcikāputta, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkama, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocehi – ‘kālo, bhante niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ bho’’ti kho sañcikāputto māṇavo bodhissa rājakumārassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocesi – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti.
110那时,世尊在午前时分,穿好下衣,拿着钵和衣,前往菩提王子的住处。而当时,菩提王子正站在外门楼处等着世尊到来。菩提王子看见世尊从远处走来,看见后,就迎上前去,礼敬世尊,然后走在前面引路,前往红莲宫殿。那时,世尊靠着最后一级台阶停住了。这时,菩提王子对世尊这样说:“尊者,愿世尊踩踏这些布吧,愿善逝踩踏这些布吧,这将会带给我长久的利益与安乐。”这么说时,世尊沉默不语。第二次……乃至……第三次,菩提王子又对世尊这样说:“尊者,愿世尊踩踏这些布吧,愿善逝踩踏这些布吧,这将会带给我长久的利益与安乐。”于是,世尊用目光征询了尊者阿难的意见。然后,尊者阿难对菩提王子这样说:“王子,把布收起来吧。世尊不踩铺地布,如来是怜悯后世众生的。”
Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena bodhissa rājakumārassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena bodhi rājakumāro bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhito hoti, bhagavantaṃ āgamayamāno. Addasā kho bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna tato paccuggantvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā purekkhatvā yena kokanado pāsādo tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho bhagavā pacchimasopānakaḷevaraṃ nissāya aṭṭhāsi. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘akkamatu, bhante, bhagavā dussāni, akkamatu sugato dussāni, yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte bhagavā tuṇhī ahosi. Dutiyampi kho…pe… tatiyampi kho bodhi rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘akkamatu, bhante, bhagavā dussāni, akkamatu sugato dussāni, yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ apalokesi. Atha kho āyasmā ānando bodhiṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saṃharantu, rājakumāra, dussāni. Na bhagavā celapaṭikaṃ akkamissati pacchimaṃ janataṃ tathāgato anukampatī’’ti.
111于是,菩提王子让人把布收起来,然后在红莲宫殿的上层铺设好座位。那时,世尊登上红莲宫殿,在铺设好的座位上坐下,比丘僧团也陪同坐下。菩提王子亲手以丰美的硬食和软食,供养以佛陀为首的比丘僧团,令他们饱足、满意。世尊用餐完毕,手已离钵。这时,菩提王子坐在一边。对坐在一边的菩提王子,世尊用法语开示、劝勉、激励、令其欢喜后,便从座位起身离开了。之后,世尊就着这个因缘、这个事件,作了一场法语开示,然后对比丘们说:“诸比丘,不应踩踏铺地布。若踩踏者,犯恶作。”
Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro dussāni saṃharāpetvā uparikokanade pāsāde āsanaṃ paññapesi. Atha kho bhagavā kokanadaṃ pāsādaṃ abhiruhitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho bodhi rājakumāro buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ, ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho bodhiṃ rājakumāraṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, celapaṭikā akkamitabbā. Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
112而那时,有一位流产的妇女邀请了比丘们,铺设好布,然后这样说:“尊者,请踩踏这布吧。”比丘们因为有所顾虑,不敢踩。那妇女又说:“尊者,请踩踏这布吧,这是为了祈福的。”比丘们依然因为有所顾虑,没有踩。于是,那位妇女就讥嫌、批评、说闲话:“这些圣者们,怎么既然被请求为了祈福,却不肯踩踏铺地布呢!”当时,比丘们听到了那位妇女讥嫌、批评、说闲话的声音。于是,那些比丘就把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,在家人是注重吉祥的。诸比丘,我允许,当在家人为了祈福而请求时,可以踩踏铺地布。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā itthī apagatagabbhā bhikkhū nimantetvā dussaṃ paññapetvā etadavoca – ‘‘akkamatha, bhante , dussa’’nti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na akkamanti. ‘‘Akkamatha, bhante, dussaṃ maṅgalatthāyā’’ti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na akkamiṃsu. Atha kho sā itthī ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā maṅgalatthāya yāciyamānā celappaṭikaṃ na akkamissantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tassā itthiyā ujjhāyantiyā khiyyantiyā vipācentiyā. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Gihī, bhikkhave, maṅgalikā. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gihīnaṃ maṅgalatthāya yāciyamānena celappaṭikaṃ akkamitu’’nti.
113而那时,比丘们对踩踏洗脚布也心存顾虑。他们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许踩踏洗脚布。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dhotapādakaṃ akkamituṃ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhotapādakaṃ akkamitu’’nti.
128第二诵品完
Dutiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
269那时,世尊在跋耆地区随缘住了一段时间后,就朝着舍卫城出发游行。一路次第游行,来到了舍卫城。就在那里,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。这时,鹿母维沙卡拿着水壶、牙木擦和扫帚,前往世尊那里。到了之后,礼敬世尊,然后站在一边。站在一边后,鹿母维沙卡对世尊这样说:“尊者,愿世尊接受我这水壶、牙木擦和扫帚,这将会带给我长久的利益与安乐。”世尊接受了水壶和扫帚。但世尊没有接受牙木擦。然后,世尊对鹿母维沙卡用法语开示、劝勉、激励、令其欢喜。鹿母维沙卡被世尊以法语开示、劝勉、激励、令其欢喜后,便从座位起身,礼敬世尊,右绕后离去。
Atha kho bhagavā bhaggesu yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā ghaṭakañca katakañca sammajjaniñca ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho visākhā migāramātā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā ghaṭakañca katakañca sammajjaniñca, yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti. Paṭiggahesi bhagavā ghaṭakañca sammajjaniñca. Na bhagavā katakaṃ paṭiggahesi. Atha kho bhagavā visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
115之后,世尊就着这个因缘、这个事件,作了一场法语开示,然后对比丘们说:“诸比丘,我允许使用水壶和扫帚。但,诸比丘,不应使用牙木擦。若使用者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许三种擦脚物:沙粒、碎石、海泡石。”
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ghaṭakañca sammajjaniñca. Na, bhikkhave, katakaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tisso pādaghaṃsaniyo – sakkharaṃ, kathalaṃ, samuddapheṇaka’’nti.
116那时,维萨卡·弥迦罗母拿着扇子和棕榈扇,前往世尊那里。到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一边。坐在一边的维萨卡·弥迦罗母对世尊这样说:“尊者,请世尊收下这扇子和棕榈扇,愿这能长夜为我带来利益与安乐。”世尊收下了扇子和棕榈扇。
Atha kho visākhā migāramātā vidhūpanañca tālavaṇṭañca ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho visākhā migāramātā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā vidhūpanañca tālavaṇṭañca, yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti. Paṭiggahesi bhagavā vidhūpanañca tālavaṇṭañca.
117那时,世尊以法语教导、劝勉、激励、令维萨卡·弥迦罗母欢喜……她右绕之后离去。那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事件作法语开示后,对比丘们说:“诸比丘,我允许扇子和棕榈扇。”
Atha kho bhagavā visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi…pe… padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vidhūpanañca tālavaṇṭañcā’’ti.
118那时候,僧团得到了一把驱蚊扇。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许驱蚊扇。”后来又得到了一把拂尘扇。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不得持用拂尘扇。若持用者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许三种扇子:树皮纤维做的、香茅草做的、孔雀尾羽做的。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa makasabījanī uppannā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, makasabījani’’nti. Cāmaribījanī uppannā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, cāmaribījanī dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tisso bījaniyo – vākamayaṃ, usīramayaṃ, morapiñchamaya’’nti.
270那时候,僧团得到了一把伞。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许伞。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa chattaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, chatta’’nti.
120那时候,六群比丘拿着伞到处游走。那时,有位优婆塞和许多邪命外道的弟子一起去林园游玩。那些邪命外道弟子远远看见六群比丘拿着伞走过来,看见后,对那位优婆塞这样说:“喂,贤者,您们的那些尊者们拿着伞走过来,简直就像是税务大官一样。”那位优婆塞说:“贤者们,他们不是比丘,是游行僧。”那些外道弟子就吵嚷起来:“是比丘?不是比丘?”等到走近了,那位优婆塞认出他们之后,就讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些尊者们怎么可以拿着伞到处走呢!”那些比丘听到了那位优婆塞的讥嫌、批评和指责。于是,那些比丘将此事禀告世尊。世尊问:“诸比丘,据说……是真实的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”……世尊呵责之后……作法语开示后,对比丘们说:“诸比丘,不得持用伞。若持用者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū chattappaggahitā āhiṇḍanti. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro upāsako sambahulehi ājīvakasāvakehi saddhiṃ uyyānaṃ agamāsi. Addasāsuṃ kho te ājīvakasāvakā chabbaggiye bhikkhū dūratova chattappaggahite āgacchante. Disvāna taṃ upāsakaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ete kho, ayyā , tumhākaṃ bhadantā chattappaggahitā āgacchanti, seyyathāpi gaṇakamahāmattā’’ti. ‘‘Nāyyā ete bhikkhū, paribbājakā’’ti. ‘Bhikkhū na bhikkhū’ti abbhutaṃ akaṃsu. Atha kho so upāsako upagate sañjānitvā ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhadantā chattappaggahitā āhiṇḍissantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tassa upāsakassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, chattaṃ dhāretabbaṃ. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
121那时候,有位比丘生病了。那位比丘没有伞就不舒服。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许生病的比丘持用伞。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu gilāno hoti. Tassa bhikkhuno vinā chattaṃ na phāsu hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa chattaṃ dhāretu’’nti.
122那时候,比丘们心想:“世尊只允许生病的比丘用伞,不允许没生病的用。”于是在寺院内和寺院附近持用伞时感到不安。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许没生病的比丘也在寺院内和寺院附近持用伞。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū – gilānasseva bhagavatā chattaṃ anuññātaṃ no agilānassāti – ārāme ārāmūpacāre chattaṃ dhāretuṃ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, agilānenapi ārāme ārāmūpacāre chattaṃ dhāretu’’nti.
123那时候,有位比丘把钵从钵囊里拿出来,挂在一根杖上,在非时的时候经过某个村子的门口。人们看到了,就说:“先生们,那边有个小偷在跑,他的刀在闪闪发光呢!”于是追上去抓住他,等认出他是比丘后才放了他。后来,那位比丘回到寺院,将这件事告诉了比丘们。比丘们问:“贤友,你难道带着杖囊吗?”他说:“是的,贤友。”那些少欲知足的比丘们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“一个比丘怎么可以携带杖囊呢!”于是,那些比丘将此事禀告世尊……世尊问:“是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”……世尊呵责之后……作法语开示后,对比丘们说:“诸比丘,不得携带杖囊。若携带者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu sikkāya pattaṃ uṭṭitvā daṇḍe ālaggitvā vikāle aññatarena gāmadvārena atikkamati. Manussā – ‘esayyo coro gacchati, asissa vijjotalatī’ti anupatitvā gahetvā sañjānitvā muñciṃsu. Atha kho so bhikkhu ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, daṇḍasikkaṃ dhāresī’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhu daṇḍasikkaṃ dhāressasī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, daṇḍasikkā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
124当时,有一位比丘生了病,没有手杖就走动不了。比丘们将此事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许给生病的比丘授予手杖特许。而且,诸比丘,应当这样授予:那位生病的比丘来到僧团跟前,将上衣搭在一肩,顶礼年长比丘的双足,然后蹲坐下来,合起双掌,应当这样说:‘尊者,我生病了,没有手杖就走动不了。我,尊者,向僧团请求手杖特许。’应当第二次请求,也应当第三次请求。然后,应由一位有能力、能胜任的比丘通知僧团——
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu gilāno hoti, na sakkoti vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tena gilānena bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, gilāno; na sakkomi vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ. Sohaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ daṇḍasammutiṃ yācāmī’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
125“尊者,请僧团听我说明。这位名为某某的比丘生病了,没有手杖就走动不了。他向僧团请求手杖特许。如果僧团认为时机恰当,僧团应当授予名为某某的比丘手杖特许。这是动议。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno, na sakkoti vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ. So saṅghaṃ daṇḍasammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
126“尊者,请僧团听我说明。这位名为某某的比丘生病了,没有手杖就走动不了。他向僧团请求手杖特许。僧团授予名为某某的比丘手杖特许。哪位尊者同意授予名为某某的比丘手杖特许,请保持沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno, na sakkoti vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ. So saṅghaṃ daṇḍasammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasammutiṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasammutiyā dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
127“僧团已经授予名为某某的比丘手杖特许。僧团同意,因此保持沉默。我这样记住了这件事。”
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
271当时,有一位比丘生了病,没有网袋就拿不了钵。比丘们将此事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许给生病的比丘授予网袋特许。而且,诸比丘,应当这样授予:那位生病的比丘来到僧团跟前,将上衣搭在一肩,顶礼年长比丘的双足,然后蹲坐下来,合起双掌,应当这样说:‘尊者,我生病了,没有网袋就拿不了钵。我,尊者,向僧团请求网袋特许。’应当第二次请求,也应当第三次请求。然后,应由一位有能力、能胜任的比丘通知僧团——
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu gilāno hoti, na sakkoti vinā sikkāya pattaṃ pariharituṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa bhikkhuno sikkāsammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tena gilānena bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, gilāno; na sakkomi vinā sikkāya pattaṃ pariharituṃ. Sohaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ sikkāsammutiṃ yācāmī’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
129“尊者,请僧团听我说明。这位名为某某的比丘生病了,没有网袋就拿不了钵。他向僧团请求网袋特许。如果僧团认为时机恰当,僧团应当授予名为某某的比丘网袋特许。这是动议。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno, na sakkoti vinā sikkāya pattaṃ pariharituṃ. So saṅghaṃ sikkāsammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sikkāsammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
130“尊者,请僧团听我说明。这位名为某某的比丘生病了,没有网袋就拿不了钵。他向僧团请求网袋特许。僧团授予名为某某的比丘网袋特许。哪位尊者同意授予名为某某的比丘网袋特许,请保持沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno, na sakkoti vinā sikkāya pattaṃ pariharituṃ. So saṅghaṃ sikkāsammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sikkāsammutiṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sikkāsammutiyā dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
131“僧团已经授予名为某某的比丘网袋特许。僧团同意,因此保持沉默。我这样记住了这件事。”
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno sikkāsammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
272那时,有一位比丘生病了,没有拐杖就走不了路,没有网兜就拿不了钵。比丘们将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许将杖和网兜的许可给与病比丘。而且,比丘们,应当这样给与:那位病比丘来到僧团,偏袒上衣,向年长比丘们顶礼双足,然后蹲坐,合掌,这样说:‘大德,我病了,没有拐杖就走不了路,没有网兜就拿不了钵。大德,我向僧团请求杖与网兜的许可。’应当请求第二遍。应当请求第三遍。然后由一位有能力、称职的比丘来告知僧团:”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu gilāno hoti, na sakkoti vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ, na sakkoti vinā sikkāya pattaṃ pariharituṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasikkāsammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā . Tena gilānena bhikkhunā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘ahaṃ, bhante, gilāno; na sakkomi vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ; na sakkomi vinā sikkāya pattaṃ pariharituṃ. Sohaṃ, bhante, saṅghaṃ daṇḍasikkāsammutiṃ yācāmī’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
133“大德,请僧团听我说。这位叫做某某的比丘生病了,没有拐杖就走不了路,没有网兜就拿不了钵。他向僧团请求杖与网兜的许可。如果僧团觉得合适,请僧团将杖与网兜的许可给与这位某某比丘。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno, na sakkoti vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ, na sakkoti vinā sikkāya pattaṃ pariharituṃ. So saṅghaṃ daṇḍasikkāsammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasikkāsammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
134“大德,请僧团听我说。这位叫做某某的比丘生病了,没有拐杖就走不了路,没有网兜就拿不了钵。他向僧团请求杖与网兜的许可。僧团把杖与网兜的许可给与这位某某比丘。哪位尊者同意将杖与网兜的许可给与某某比丘,请沉默;哪位不同意,请说。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno na sakkoti vinā daṇḍena āhiṇḍituṃ, na sakkoti vinā sikkāya pattaṃ pariharituṃ. So saṅghaṃ daṇḍasikkāsammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasikkāsammutiṃ deti. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasikkāsammutiyā dānaṃ, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
135“僧团已将杖与网兜的许可给与了某某比丘。僧团同意,因此沉默。我这样记持此事。”
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno daṇḍasikkāsammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
273那时,有一位反刍的比丘。他反复反刍后吞咽食物。比丘们不满、讥嫌并指责说:“这位比丘在非时吃东西!”他们将这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,这位比丘刚投生于牛胎不久。比丘们,我允许反刍者的反刍行为。但是,比丘们,不能把东西从嘴巴中吐出来再吞下去。如果有人这样吞下去,应当按照罪法处置。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu romanthako hoti. So romanthitvā romanthitvā ajjhoharati. Bhikkhū ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘vikālāyaṃ bhikkhu bhojanaṃ bhuñjatī’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Eso, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aciraṃgoyoniyā cuto. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, romanthakassa romanthanaṃ. Na ca, bhikkhave, bahimukhadvāraṃ nīharitvā ajjhoharitabbaṃ. Yo ajjhohareyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
137那时,有一个群体为僧团准备了食物。在食堂里,许多饭粒洒了一地。众人不满、讥嫌并指责说:“这些释迦子沙门怎么这样,别人施舍米饭时,连恭敬地接受都做不到。每一粒饭都是经过多少道劳作才得来的啊!”比丘们听到了那些人不满、讥嫌、指责的话。于是比丘们将此事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许,凡是施舍时掉下来的食物,自己捡起来吃掉。比丘们,那些东西已经被施主们舍弃了。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa pūgassa saṅghabhattaṃ hoti. Bhattagge bahusitthāni pakiriyiṃsu . Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā odane diyyamāne na sakkaccaṃ paṭiggahessanti, ekamekaṃ sitthaṃ kammasatena niṭṭhāyatī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ diyyamānaṃ patati, taṃ sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjituṃ. Pariccattaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, dāyakehī’’ti.
274那时,有一位比丘留着长指甲去乞食。有一个女人看见他后,对他这样说:“来吧,大德,来行淫欲法。”他说:“够了,姊妹,这不行的。”她说:“大德,如果你不做的话,我现在就用我自己的指甲抓破自己的身体,然后发起嗔怒——‘这位比丘侵犯我’!”他说:“你看着办吧,姊妹。”于是,那个女人用她自己的指甲抓破了身体,然后发起嗔怒,说这位比丘侵犯我。人们跑过来,抓住了那位比丘。那些人看到那个女人的皮肤和血都在指甲上后,便说:“这是那个女人自己干的事,比丘是无辜的。”就放了那位比丘。然后那位比丘回到寺院,将此事告诉了比丘们。比丘们问:“贤友,你难道蓄着长指甲吗?”他回答:“是的,贤友。”那些少欲知足的比丘们对此不满、讥嫌、指责说:“这位比丘怎么可以蓄长指甲呢!”他们将此事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,不可以蓄长指甲。如果谁蓄了,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu dīghehi nakhehi piṇḍāya carati. Aññatarā itthī passitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ehi, bhante, methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevā’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, bhagini, netaṃ kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Sace kho tvaṃ, bhante, nappaṭisevissasi, idānāhaṃ attano nakhehi gattāni vilikhitvā kuppaṃ karissāmi – ayaṃ maṃ bhikkhu vippakarotī’’ti. ‘‘Pajānāhi tvaṃ, bhaginī’’ti. Atha kho sā itthī attano nakhehi gattāni vilikhitvā kuppaṃ akāsi – ayaṃ maṃ bhikkhu vippakarotīti. Manussā upadhāvitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ aggahesuṃ. Addasāsuṃ kho te manussā tassā itthiyā nakhe chavimpi lohitampi. Disvāna – imissāyeva itthiyā idaṃ kammaṃ, akārako bhikkhūti – taṃ bhikkhuṃ muñciṃsu. Atha kho so bhikkhu ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, dīghe nakhe dhāresī’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhu dīghe nakhe dhāressasī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, dīghā nakhā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
139那时,比丘们用指甲来剪指甲,用牙齿咬指甲,还往墙上磨。手指都很疼。他们将此事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“比丘们,我允许剪指甲。”他们又把指甲剪到流血。手指又疼……世尊说:“比丘们,我允许剪指甲,剪到肉为止。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū nakhenapi nakhaṃ chindanti, mukhenapi nakhaṃ chindanti, kuṭṭepi ghaṃsanti. Aṅguliyo dukkhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, nakhacchedana’’nti. Salohitaṃ nakhaṃ chindanti. Aṅguliyo dukkhā honti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, maṃsappamāṇena nakhaṃ chinditu’’nti.
140那时,六群比丘让人制作二十齿的梳子。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“就像在家享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不得让人制作二十齿梳子。若有人制作,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许只去除污垢。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vīsatimaṭṭhaṃ kārāpenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na , bhikkhave, vīsatimaṭṭhaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, malamattaṃ apakaḍḍhitu’’nti.
275那时,比丘们的头发长得很长。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊问:“诸比丘,比丘们有能力互相剃除头发吗?”比丘们回答:“有能力,世尊。”于是,世尊以此因缘、以此事件召集比丘僧团……对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,我允许使用剃刀、磨刀石、刀鞘、绑刀布以及一切剃刀用具。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ kesā dīghā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Ussahanti pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhū aññamaññaṃ kese oropetu’’nti? ‘‘Ussahanti bhagavā’’ti . Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā…pe… bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, khuraṃ khurasilaṃ khurasipāṭikaṃ namatakaṃ sabbaṃ khurabhaṇḍa’’nti.
142那时,六群比丘让人修剪胡须……让人蓄留胡须……让人修成牛毛状……让人修成四方形……让人修成绕嘴形……让人修成半月形……让人留下山羊胡……让人拔除隐私处的毛。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“就像在家享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不得让人修剪胡须……不得让人蓄留胡须……不得让人修成牛毛状……不得让人修成四方形……不得让人修成绕嘴形……不得让人修成半月形……不得让人留下山羊胡……不得让人拔除隐私处的毛。若有人让人拔除,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū massuṃ kappāpenti…pe… massuṃ vaḍḍhāpenti… golomikaṃ kārāpenti… caturassakaṃ kārāpenti… parimukhaṃ kārāpenti… aḍḍhadukaṃ kārāpenti… dāṭhikaṃ ṭhapenti… sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave , massu kappāpetabbaṃ…pe… na massu vaḍḍhāpetabbaṃ… na golomikaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ… na caturassakaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ… na parimukhaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ… na aḍḍhadukaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ… na dāṭhikā ṭhapetabbā… na sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpetabbaṃ. Yo saṃharāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
143那时,有一位比丘在隐私处长了一个疮,药物无法附着停留。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许因病而让人拔除隐私处的毛。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno sambādhe vaṇo hoti. Bhesajjaṃ na santiṭṭhati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ābādhappaccayā sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpetu’’nti.
144那时,六群比丘让人用剪刀剪头发。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“就像在家享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不得让人用剪刀剪头发。若有人让人剪,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kattarikāya kese chedāpenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, kattarikāya kesā chedāpetabbā. Yo chedāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
145那时,有一位比丘头上长疮,无法用剃刀剃除头发。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许因病而让人用剪刀剪头发。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno sīse vaṇo hoti, na sakkoti khurena kese oropetuṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ābādhappaccayā kattarikāya kese chedāpetu’’nti.
146那时,比丘们蓄留长长的鼻毛。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“就像妖鬼一样。”比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不得蓄留长鼻毛。若有人蓄留,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dīghāni nāsikālomāni dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi pisācillikāti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, dīghaṃ nāsikālomaṃ dhāretabbaṃ. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
147那时,比丘们用石子或用蜂蜡让人拔除鼻毛,鼻子因此疼痛。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用镊子。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū sakkharikāyapi madhusitthakenapi nāsikālomaṃ gāhāpenti. Nāsikā dukkhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṇḍāsa’’nti.
148那时,六群比丘让人拔白头发。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“就像在家人那些享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们把这事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应拔白头发。若拔者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū palitaṃ gāhāpenti . Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, palitaṃ gāhāpetabbaṃ. Yo gāhāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
276那时,有一位比丘的耳朵被耳垢堵住了。比丘们把这事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许使用耳垢清除器。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno kaṇṇagūthakehi kaṇṇā thakitā honti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kaṇṇamalaharaṇi’’nti.
150那时,六群比丘使用高级的耳垢清除器——金制的、银制的。众人讥嫌、批评、指责说:“就像在家人那些享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们把这事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应使用高级的耳垢清除器。若使用者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许骨制、牙制、角制、苇制、竹制、木制、胶制、果制、铜制、贝壳制的。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacā kaṇṇamalaharaṇiyo dhārenti sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā kaṇṇamalaharaṇiyo dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ dantamayaṃ visāṇamayaṃ naḷamayaṃ veḷumayaṃ kaṭṭhamayaṃ jatumayaṃ phalamayaṃ lohamayaṃ saṅkhanābhimaya’’nti.
277那时,六群比丘大量囤积铜器、青铜器。在寺院周围走动的人看见后,讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些沙门释迦子怎么大量囤积铜器、青铜器,就像铜器店老板一样!”比丘们把这事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应大量囤积铜器、青铜器。若囤积者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bahuṃ lohabhaṇḍaṃ kaṃsabhaṇḍaṃ sannicayaṃ karonti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā bahuṃ lohabhaṇḍaṃ kaṃsabhaṇḍaṃ sannicayaṃ karissanti , seyyathāpi kaṃsapattharikā’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, bahuṃ lohabhaṇḍaṃ kaṃsabhaṇḍaṃ sannicayo kātabbo. Yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
152那时,比丘们对眼药管、眼药棒、耳垢清除器,乃至包扎用具都心存疑虑。比丘们把这事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许眼药管、眼药棒、耳垢清除器、包扎用具。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū añjanimpi añjanisalākampi kaṇṇamalaharaṇimpi bandhanamattampi kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjaniṃ añjanisalākaṃ kaṇṇamalaharaṇiṃ bandhanamatta’’nti.
153那时,六群比丘把桑喀帝衣垫在下面坐。桑喀帝衣的布边都磨损了。比丘们把这事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应把桑喀帝衣垫在下面坐。若坐者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū saṅghāṭipallatthikāya nisīdanti. Saṅghāṭiyā pattā lujjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, saṅghāṭipallatthikāya nisīditabbaṃ. Yo nisīdeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
154那时,有一位比丘生病了。他不用绑带就不舒服。比丘们把这事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许绑带。”接着比丘们这样想:“绑带该怎么做呢?”比丘们把这事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许织机、梭子、纬线、经线,一切织布工具。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu gilāno hoti. Tassa vinā āyogena na phāsu hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āyoga’’nti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho āyogo kātabbo’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tantakaṃ vemaṃ kavaṭaṃ salākaṃ sabbaṃ tantabhaṇḍaka’’nti.
278那时,有一位比丘没有系腰带,就走入村庄乞食。在大街上,他的下衣滑落了下来。众人哄笑起来。那位比丘很尴尬。于是那位比丘回到寺院,把这事告诉了比丘们。比丘们禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应不系腰带进入村庄。若进入者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许腰带。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu akāyabandhano gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Tassa rathikāya antaravāsako pabhassittha. Manussā ukkuṭṭhimakaṃsu . So bhikkhu maṅku ahosi . Atha kho so bhikkhu ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, akāyabandhanena gāmo pavisitabbo. Yo paviseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kāyabandhana’’nti.
156那时,六群比丘穿戴各式各样的束腰带——圆球形、蛇头形、鼓形、琵琶形。众人讥嫌、批评、指责,说:“就跟那些在家人、享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应穿戴各式各样的束腰带——圆球形、蛇头形、鼓形、琵琶形。若穿戴者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许两种束腰带——扁带形、猪肠形。”束腰带的边穗磨损了……世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许鼓形、琵琶形。”束腰带的内层磨损了……世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许装饰品、编绳。”束腰带的末端磨损了……世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许穿环。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacāni kāyabandhanāni dhārenti – kalābukaṃ, deḍḍubhakaṃ, murajaṃ, maddavīṇaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacāni kāyabandhanāni dhāretabbāni – kalābukaṃ, deḍḍubhakaṃ, murajaṃ, maddavīṇaṃ. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dve kāyabandhanāni – paṭṭikaṃ, sūkarantaka’’nti. Kāyabandhanassa dasā jīranti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, murajaṃ maddavīṇa’’nti. Kāyabandhanassa anto jīrati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sobhaṇaṃ guṇaka’’nti. Kāyabandhanassa pavananto jīrati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vidha’’nti .
157那时,六群比丘穿戴各式各样的穿环——金的、银的。众人讥嫌、批评、指责,说:“就跟那些在家人、享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应穿戴各式各样的穿环。若穿戴者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许骨製的……螺贝质的、线做的。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvace vidhe dhārenti sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā vidhā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ…pe… saṅkhanābhimayaṃ suttamaya’’nti.
279那时,具寿阿难穿着轻便的上衣进入村庄托钵。一股旋风把上衣掀了起来。于是具寿阿难回到寺院,将这事告诉了比丘们。比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许纽扣和扣环。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ānando lahukā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Vātamaṇḍalikāya saṅghāṭiyo ukkhipiyiṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā ānando ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gaṇṭhikaṃ pāsaka’’nti.
159那时,六群比丘穿戴各式各样的纽扣——金的、银的。众人讥嫌、批评、指责,说:“就跟那些在家人、享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应穿戴各式各样的纽扣。若穿戴者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许骨製的、牙製的、角製的、苇製的、竹製的、木製的、树脂製的、果核製的、铜製的、螺贝质的、线做的。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacā gaṇṭhikāyo dhārenti sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā gaṇṭhikā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ dantamayaṃ visāṇamayaṃ naḷamayaṃ veḷumayaṃ kaṭṭhamayaṃ jatumayaṃ phalamayaṃ lohamayaṃ saṅkhanābhimayaṃ suttamaya’’nti.
160那时,比丘们把纽扣和扣环缝在衣角上,衣服破了。比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许纽扣垫片和扣环垫片。”比丘们把纽扣垫片和扣环垫片缝在衣边上,缝合处撑开了。比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许把纽扣垫片缝在衣边上;把扣环垫片嵌入七指宽或八指宽再缝上。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū gaṇṭhikampi pāsakampi cīvare appenti. Cīvaraṃ jīrati . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gaṇṭhikaphalakaṃ pāsakaphalaka’’nti. Gaṇṭhikaphalakampi pāsakaphalakampi ante appenti. Koṭṭo vivariyati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gaṇṭhikaphalakaṃ ante appetuṃ; pāsakaphalakaṃ sattaṅgulaṃ vā aṭṭhaṅgulaṃ vā ogāhetvā appetu’’nti.
280那时,六群比丘穿在家人的下裙式样——象鼻形、鱼尾形、四角形、棕榈扇形、百褶形。众人讥嫌、批评、指责,说:“就跟那些在家人、享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应穿在家人的下裙式样——象鼻形、鱼尾形、四角形、棕榈扇形、百褶形。若穿着者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū gihinivatthaṃ nivāsenti – hatthisoṇḍakaṃ, macchavāḷakaṃ, catukaṇṇakaṃ, tālavaṇṭakaṃ, satavalikaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, gihinivatthaṃ nivāsetabbaṃ – hatthisoṇḍakaṃ, macchavāḷakaṃ, catukaṇṇakaṃ, tālavaṇṭakaṃ, satavalikaṃ. Yo nivāseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
162那时,六群比丘披在家人的披衣式样。众人讥嫌、批评、指责,说:“就跟那些在家人、享受欲乐的人一样。”比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应披在家人的披衣式样。若披者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū gihipārutaṃ pārupanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, gihipārutaṃ pārupitabbaṃ. Yo pārupeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
163那时,六群比丘穿着卷起褶边的下裙。众人讥嫌、批评、指责,说:“就跟国王的光头侍从一样。”比丘们将这事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应穿着卷起褶边的下裙。若穿着者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū saṃvelliyaṃ nivāsenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi rañño muṇḍavaṭṭīti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, saṃvelliyaṃ nivāsetabbaṃ. Yo nivāseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
281那时,六群比丘用扁担两头挑着东西。众人讥嫌、批评、非难说:“就像国王的仪仗队一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应两头挑担。如果挑,犯恶作。我允许,诸比丘,用一头挑、中间挑、头顶着、肩扛、腰挂、悬挂的方式携带东西。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ubhatokājaṃ haranti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi rañño muṇḍavaṭṭīti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ubhatokājaṃ haritabbaṃ. Yo hareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekatokājaṃ antarākājaṃ sīsabhāraṃ khandhabhāraṃ kaṭibhāraṃ olambaka’’nti.
282那时,比丘们不使用齿木嚼洗,结果嘴巴发臭。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dantakaṭṭhaṃ na khādanti. Mukhaṃ duggandhaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ.
166“诸比丘,不嚼齿木有这五种过患:有损视力,口发臭,味觉不净,胆汁和痰覆盖食物,对食物无食欲。诸比丘,这些就是不嚼齿木的五种过患。
‘‘Pañcime , bhikkhave, ādīnavā dantakaṭṭhassa akhādane. Acakkhussaṃ, mukhaṃ duggandhaṃ hoti, rasaharaṇiyo na visujjhanti, pittaṃ semhaṃ bhattaṃ pariyonandhati, bhattamassa nacchādeti – ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ādīnavā dantakaṭṭhassa akhādane.
167“诸比丘,嚼齿木有这五种利益:有益视力,口不发臭,味觉清净,胆汁和痰不覆盖食物,对食物有食欲。诸比丘,这就是嚼齿木的五种利益。诸比丘,我允许嚼齿木。”
‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, ānisaṃsā dantakaṭṭhassa khādane. Cakkhussaṃ, mukhaṃ na duggandhaṃ hoti, rasaharaṇiyo visujjhanti, pittaṃ semhaṃ bhattaṃ na pariyonandhati, bhattamassa chādeti – ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca ānisaṃsā dantakaṭṭhassa khādane. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dantakaṭṭha’’nti.
168那时,六群比丘嚼很长的齿木,还用齿木打沙马内拉。比丘们向世尊禀告。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应嚼太长的齿木。如果嚼,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许齿木最长八指宽,并且不得用它打沙马内拉。如果打,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dīghāni dantakaṭṭhāni khādanti, teheva sāmaṇeraṃ ākoṭenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na , bhikkhave, dīghaṃ dantakaṭṭhaṃ khāditabbaṃ. Yo khādeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgulaparamaṃ dantakaṭṭhaṃ, na ca tena sāmaṇero ākoṭetabbo. Yo ākoṭeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
169那时,有一位比丘嚼了太粗的齿木,卡在喉咙里。比丘们向世尊禀告。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应嚼太粗的齿木。如果嚼,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许齿木最短为四指宽。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno atimaṭāhakaṃ dantakaṭṭhaṃ khādantassa kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, atimaṭāhakaṃ dantakaṭṭhaṃ khāditabbaṃ. Yo khādeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caturaṅgulapacchimaṃ dantakaṭṭha’’nti.
283那时,六群比丘点燃灯火。众人讥嫌、批评、非难说:“就像纵火犯一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不应点燃那种灯火。如果点,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dāyaṃ ālimpenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi davaḍāhakāti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, dāyo ālimpitabbo. Yo ālimpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
171那时,寺院周围杂草丛生,野火烧起来时,寺院也被烧着。比丘们心生疑虑,不敢放逆火,也不敢念护卫经。他们向世尊禀告。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许在野火烧来时放逆火,并念护卫经。”
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā tiṇagahanā honti, davaḍāhe ḍayhamāne vihārā ḍayhanti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyanti paṭaggiṃ dātuṃ, parittaṃ kātuṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, davaḍāhe ḍayhamāne paṭaggiṃ dātuṃ, parittaṃ kātu’’nti.
284那时,六群比丘爬上树,从这棵树跳到那棵树。众人指责、批评、到处抱怨说:“就像猴子一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许爬树。若爬者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū rukkhaṃ abhiruhanti, rukkhā rukkhaṃ saṅkamanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi makkaṭāti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, rukkho abhiruhitabbo. Yo abhiruheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
173那时,有位比丘在拘萨罗国境内,正前往沙瓦提城的路上,中途遇到了一头发狂的大象。那位比丘跑到树根旁,因为心有顾虑,不敢爬树。那头大象从另一条路走了。那位比丘到达沙瓦提城后,把这件事告诉了比丘们。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许在有必做事时、遇危难时,爬到有人高那么高的树上,随所需而做。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno kosalesu janapade sāvatthiṃ gacchantassa antarāmagge hatthī pariyuṭṭhāti. Atha kho so bhikkhu rukkhamūlaṃ upadhāvitvā kukkuccāyanto rukkhaṃ na abhiruhi. So hatthī aññena agamāsi. Atha kho so bhikkhu sāvatthiṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sati karaṇīye porisaṃ rukkhaṃ abhiruhituṃ āpadāsu yāvadattha’’nti.
285那时,有两兄弟比丘,名叫亚美卢和给古达,他们是婆罗门种姓出身,语音优美,言辞优雅。他们来到世尊那里,到了之后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁后,那些比丘对世尊这样说:“尊者,如今出家的比丘们,名字各不相同、姓氏各不相同、出身各不相同、家族各不相同。大家用各自的语言方式把佛陀的教法弄得不成样子。尊者,那我们就用韵律的方式来排布佛陀的教法吧。”佛陀世尊呵责他们……说:“你们这些愚痴人,怎么能这样说:‘尊者,我们就用韵律的方式来排布佛陀的教法吧。’愚痴人,这既不能让未生信者生信……呵责之后……做了如法说后,世尊对比丘们说:‘诸比丘,不许用韵律的方式排布佛陀的教法。若以此方式排布者,犯恶作。诸比丘,我允许用各自的语言方式来学习佛陀的教法。’”
Tena kho pana samayena yameḷakekuṭā nāma bhikkhū dve bhātikā honti brāhmaṇajātikā kalyāṇavācā kalyāṇavākkaraṇā. Te yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘etarahi, bhante, bhikkhū nānānāmā nānāgottā nānājaccā nānākulā pabbajitā. Te sakāya niruttiyā buddhavacanaṃ dūsenti. Handa mayaṃ, bhante, buddhavacanaṃ chandaso āropemā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, evaṃ vakkhatha – ‘handa mayaṃ, bhante, buddhavacanaṃ chandaso āropemā’ti. Netaṃ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, buddhavacanaṃ chandaso āropetabbaṃ. Yo āropeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sakāya niruttiyā buddhavacanaṃ pariyāpuṇitu’’nti.
286那时,六群比丘学习顺世论。众人指责、批评、到处抱怨说:“就像在家的享乐者一样。”比丘们听到了那些众人的指责、批评和到处抱怨。于是,那些比丘把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊问:“诸比丘,在顺世论中见到核心真义的人,能在这个法与律中获得增长、发展、广大吗?”“尊者,不能。”“那么,在这个法与律中见到核心真义的人,会去学习顺世论吗?”“尊者,不会。”“诸比丘,不许学习顺世论。若学的话,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū lokāyataṃ pariyāpuṇanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Api nu kho, bhikkhave, lokāyate sāradassāvī imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ viruḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Nohetaṃ bhante’’. ‘‘Imasmiṃ vā pana dhammavinaye sāradassāvī lokāyataṃ pariyāpuṇeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Nohetaṃ bhante’’. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, lokāyataṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ. Yo pariyāpuṇeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
176那时,六群比丘教导别人顺世论。众人指责、批评、到处抱怨说:“就像在家的享乐者一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许教导顺世论。若教的话,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū lokāyataṃ vācenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, lokāyataṃ vācetabbaṃ. Yo vāceyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
287那时,六群比丘学习畜生明。众人指责、批评、到处抱怨说:“就像在家的享乐者一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许学习畜生明。若学的话,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, tiracchānavijjā pariyāpuṇitabbā. Yo pariyāpuṇeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
178那时,六群比丘教导别人畜生明。众人指责、批评、到处抱怨说:“就像在家的享乐者一样。”比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,不许教导畜生明。若教的话,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū tiracchānavijjaṃ vācenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, tiracchānavijjā vācetabbā. Yo vāceyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
288那时,世尊被大众围绕着正在说法,打了个喷嚏。比丘们发出了很大的、很响的声音说:“愿世尊长命,尊者!愿善逝长命!”因为这个声音,说法中断了。于是,世尊对比丘们说:“诸比丘,当打喷嚏时,如果有人说‘长命’,这个人会因为这句话而长寿或者短命吗?”“尊者,不会。”“诸比丘,那么,当打喷嚏时,不可以说‘长命’。若说的话,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ desento khipi. Bhikkhū – ‘jīvatu, bhante, bhagavā; jīvatu sugato’ti – uccāsaddaṃ mahāsaddaṃ akaṃsu. Tena saddena dhammakathā antarā ahosi. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘api nu kho, bhikkhave, khipite ‘jīvā’ti vutto tappaccayā jīveyya vā mareyya vā’’ti? ‘‘Nohetaṃ bhante’’. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, khipite ‘jīvā’ti vattabbo. Yo vadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
180那时,人们对比丘们打喷嚏时说:“尊者,愿您长寿。”比丘们因为顾虑而不回应。人们讥嫌、批评、责备道:“怎么这些释迦子沙门,被人说‘尊者,愿您长寿’时,竟然不回应呢!”比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,在家人是讲究吉利的。诸比丘,我允许,当在家人说‘尊者,愿您长寿’时,回答说‘愿您长寿’。”
Tena kho pana samayena manussā bhikkhūnaṃ khipite ‘jīvatha bhante’ti vadanti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nālapanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā ‘jīvatha bhante’ti vuccamānā nālapissantī’’ti! Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Gihī, bhikkhave, maṅgalikā. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gihīnaṃ ‘jīvatha bhante’ti vuccamānena ‘ciraṃ jīvā’ti vattu’’nti.
289那时,世尊被大众人围绕,坐着说法。有位比丘吃了大蒜。他心想“可别妨碍到其他比丘”,就独自坐在一边。世尊看见那位比丘独自坐在一边,便问比丘们:“诸比丘,那位比丘为什么独自坐在一边?”比丘们回答:“尊者,那位比丘吃了大蒜。他怕妨碍到其他比丘,所以独自坐在一边。”世尊说:“诸比丘,难道吃了之后会导致错过这样的说法的东西,是可以吃的吗?”比丘们答:“尊者,那是不可以的。”世尊说:“诸比丘,不可吃大蒜。若吃者,犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ desento nisinno hoti. Aññatarena bhikkhunā lasuṇaṃ khāyitaṃ hoti. So – mā bhikkhū byābādhiṃsūti – ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Addasā kho bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ. Disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ekamantaṃ nisinno’’ti ? ‘‘Etena, bhante, bhikkhunā lasuṇaṃ khāyitaṃ. So – mā bhikkhū byābādhiṃsūti – ekamantaṃ nisinno’’ti. ‘‘Api nu kho, bhikkhave , taṃ khāditabbaṃ, yaṃ khāditvā evarūpāya dhammakathāya paribāhiyo assā’’ti? ‘‘Nohetaṃ bhante’’. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, lasuṇaṃ khāditabbaṃ. Yo khādeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
182那时,具寿舍利弗得了腹胀病。于是具寿大目犍连来到具寿舍利弗那里,对他说:“贤友舍利弗,你以前腹胀病时,用什么东西能得到缓解?”舍利弗回答:“贤友,是大蒜。”比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许因病而吃大蒜。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato sāriputtassa udaravātābādho hoti. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pubbe te, āvuso sāriputta, udaravātābādho kena phāsu hotī’’ti? ‘‘Lasuṇena me, āvuso’’ti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ābādhappaccayā lasuṇaṃ khāditu’’nti.
290那时,比丘们在寺院里随处小便。寺院被弄脏了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许在僻静处小便。”寺院变得臭气熏天……“诸比丘,我允许使用小便壶。”比丘们坐着小便时感到疼痛……“诸比丘,我允许使用小便踏台。”小便踏台是露天的,比丘们小便时感到羞耻……“诸比丘,我允许用三种围墙围起来:砖墙、石墙、木墙。”小便壶没有盖,散发臭气……“诸比丘,我允许配盖子。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ārāme tahaṃ tahaṃ passāvaṃ karonti. Ārāmo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekamantaṃ passāvaṃ kātu’’nti . Ārāmo duggandho hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, passāvakumbhi’’nti. Dukkhaṃ nisinnā passāvaṃ karonti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, passāvapāduka’’nti. Passāvapādukā pākaṭā honti. Bhikkhū hiriyanti passāvaṃ kātuṃ…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo pākāre – iṭṭhakāpākāraṃ, silāpākāraṃ, dārupākāra’’nti. Passāvakumbhī apārutā duggandhā hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apidhāna’’nti.
291那时,比丘们在寺院里随处大便。寺院被弄脏了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许在僻静处大便。”寺院变得臭气熏天……“诸比丘,我允许使用粪坑。”粪坑的边缘塌了……“诸比丘,我允许用三种材料堆砌:砖砌、石砌、木砌。”粪坑地势太低,被水淹没……“诸比丘,我允许做成高地势。”堆砌物崩塌……“诸比丘,我允许用三种材料筑造:砖筑、石筑、木筑。”比丘们爬上去时很费力……“诸比丘,我允许做三种阶梯:砖阶、石阶、木阶。”比丘们爬阶梯时摔倒……“诸比丘,我允许安装扶手。”比丘们蹲在边缘大便时摔下去……“诸比丘,我允许铺设后,在中间留个孔洞大便。”比丘们蹲着大便时感到疼痛……“诸比丘,我允许使用大便踏台。”有人在厕所外小便……“诸比丘,我允许使用小便槽。”没有厕筹木片……“诸比丘,我允许使用厕筹。”没有存放厕筹的容器……“诸比丘,我允许使用厕筹容器。”粪坑没有盖,散发臭气……“诸比丘,我允许配盖子。”在露天大便的比丘们,受冷受热,很辛苦……“诸比丘,我允许建造厕所。”厕所没有门……“诸比丘,我允许装门、门框、门臼、门楣、门闩、门扣、摩竭鱼头形把手、插销、挂钩、锁孔、穿绳孔、穿门绳。”厕所里墙皮和灰泥往下掉……“诸比丘,我允许涂上灰泥,内外抹平粉刷——可作白色、黑色、红土粉饰、花蔓纹饰、藤蔓纹饰、摩竭鱼齿纹饰、五条纹饰、衣竿、挂衣绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ārāme tahaṃ tahaṃ vaccaṃ karonti. Ārāmo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, ekamantaṃ vaccaṃ kātu’’nti. Ārāmo duggandho hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vaccakūpa’’nti. Vaccakūpassa kūlaṃ lujjati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Vaccakūpo nīcavatthuko hoti, udakena otthariyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṃ kātu’’nti. Cayo paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṃ tayo caye – iṭṭhakācayaṃ, silācayaṃ, dārucaya’’nti. Ārohantā vihaññanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne – iṭṭhakāsopānaṃ, silāsopānaṃ, dārusopāna’’nti. Ārohantā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāha’’nti. Ante nisinnā vaccaṃ karontā paripatanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, santharitvā majjhe chiddaṃ katvā vaccaṃ kātu’’nti . Dukkhaṃ nisinnā vaccaṃ karonti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vaccapāduka’’nti. Bahiddhā passāvaṃ karonti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, passāvadoṇika’’nti. Avalekhanakaṭṭhaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, avalekhanakaṭṭha’’nti. Avalekhanapiṭharo na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, avalekhanapiṭhara’’nti. Vaccakūpo apāruto duggandho hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apidhāna’’nti. Ajjhokāse vaccaṃ karontā sītenapi uṇhenapi kilamanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vaccakuṭi’’nti. Vaccakuṭiyā kavāṭaṃ na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsakaṃ aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ tāḷacchiddaṃ āviñchanacchiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Vaccakuṭiyā tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ cīvaravaṃsaṃ cīvararajju’’nti.
292那时,有位年迈体弱的比丘,大便后站起来时摔倒了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,我允许安装悬挂的扶手。”厕所没有围墙……“诸比丘,我允许用三种围墙围起来:砖墙、石墙、木墙。”没有厕所门廊……“诸比丘,我允许建门廊。”门廊没有门……“诸比丘,我允许装门、门框、门臼、门楣、门闩、门扣、摩竭鱼头形把手、插销、挂钩、锁孔、穿绳孔、穿门绳。”门廊里墙皮和灰泥往下掉……“诸比丘,我允许涂上灰泥,内外抹平粉刷——可作白色、黑色、红土粉饰、花蔓纹饰、藤蔓纹饰、摩竭鱼齿纹饰、五条纹饰。”院子泥泞……“诸比丘,我允许铺碎石。”碎石不够用……“诸比丘,我允许铺设石板。”水积聚……“诸比丘,我允许做排水沟。”没有净手水壶……“诸比丘,我允许使用净手水壶。”没有净手水碗……“诸比丘,我允许使用净手水碗。”坐着净手时不舒服……“诸比丘,我允许使用净手踏台。”净手踏台是露天的,比丘们净手时感到羞耻……“诸比丘,我允许用三种围墙围起来:砖墙、石墙、木墙。”净手水壶没有盖,被草屑和尘土掉进去弄脏……“诸比丘,我允许配盖子。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu jarādubbalo vaccaṃ katvā vuṭṭhahanto paripatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, olambaka’’nti. Vaccakuṭi aparikkhittā hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo pākāre – iṭṭhakāpākāraṃ, silāpākāraṃ, dārupākāra’’nti. Koṭṭhako na hoti…pe… (‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koṭṭhaka’’nti. Koṭṭhakassa kavāṭaṃ na hoti) …pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ udukkhalikaṃ uttarapāsakaṃ aggaḷavaṭṭiṃ kapisīsakaṃ sūcikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ tāḷacchiddaṃ āviñchanacchiddaṃ āviñchanarajju’’nti. Koṭṭhake tiṇacuṇṇaṃ paripatati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṃ kātuṃ – setavaṇṇaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ gerukaparikammaṃ mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ makaradantakaṃ pañcapaṭika’’nti. Pariveṇaṃ cikkhallaṃ hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, marumbaṃ pakiritu’’nti. Na pariyāpuṇanti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, padarasilaṃ nikkhipitu’’nti. Udakaṃ santiṭṭhati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamana’’nti. Ācamanakumbhī na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ācamanakumbhi’’nti. Ācamanasarāvako na hoti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ācamanasarāvaka’’nti. Dukkhaṃ nisinnā ācamenti…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ācamanapāduka’’nti. Ācamanapādukā pākaṭā honti, bhikkhū hiriyanti ācametuṃ…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṃ tayo pākāre – iṭṭhakāpākāraṃ, silāpākāraṃ, dārupākāra’’nti. Ācamanakumbhī apārutā hoti, tiṇacuṇṇehipi paṃsukehipi okiriyyati…pe… ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apidhāna’’nti.
293那时,六群比丘有如此种种非行:自己种花蔓,也让人种;自己浇灌,也让人浇灌;自己采摘,也让人采摘;自己编串,也让人编串;自己做单侧茎花串,也让人做;自己做双侧茎花串,也让人做;自己做花簇,也让人做;自己做扇状花饰,也让人做;自己做头花,也让人做;自己做耳饰,也让人做;自己做胸饰,也让人做。他们还将单侧茎花串、双侧茎花串、花簇、扇状花饰、头花、耳饰、胸饰,自己送给良家妇女、良家女儿、良家少女、良家媳妇、良家婢女,也让人送去。他们与良家妇女、良家女儿、良家少女、良家媳妇、良家婢女同盘而食,同杯而饮,同座而坐,同床而卧,同一条垫子而卧,同一条被子而卧,同一条垫被而卧,非时进食,饮用酒,佩戴花鬘、香料、涂香,自己跳舞,自己唱歌,自己奏乐,自己表演;让舞女跳舞,让舞女唱歌,让舞女奏乐,让舞女表演……乃至让表演女跳舞、唱歌、奏乐、表演;他们玩八条棋,玩十条棋,玩空中棋,玩绕道棋,玩石子棋,玩骰子,玩小木棍游戏,玩手势猜物,玩骰子赌具,玩叶笛,玩锄形玩具,玩翻筋斗,玩风车,玩树叶量器,玩小车,玩小弓,玩猜字,玩猜心思,模仿残缺相;他们学习骑象,学习骑马,学习驾车,学习射箭,学习刀术;他们在象前奔跑,在马前奔跑,在车前奔跑、往返奔跑;他们大声呼喝、拍手、摔跤、拳击;他们在竞技场中间铺开桑喀帝,对舞女这样说:‘姐妹,在这儿跳吧’;他们打赏钱;如此种种非行,他们都做了。比丘们把这件事禀告世尊……世尊说:‘诸比丘,不应作种种非行。若作者,应如法治罪。’”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū evarūpaṃ anācāraṃ ācaranti – mālāvacchaṃ ropentipi ropāpentipi, siñcantipi siñcāpentipi, ocinantipi ocināpentipi, ganthentipi ganthāpentipi, ekatovaṇṭikamālaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, ubhatovaṇṭikamālaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, mañjarikaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, vidhūtikaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, vaṭaṃsakaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, āveḷaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, uracchadaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi. Te kulitthīnaṃ kuladhītānaṃ kulakumārīnaṃ kulasuṇhānaṃ kuladāsīnaṃ ekatovaṇṭikamālaṃ harantipi harāpentipi, ubhatovaṇṭikamālaṃ harantipi harāpentipi, mañjarikaṃ harantipi harāpentipi, vidhūtikaṃ harantipi harāpentipi, vaṭaṃsakaṃ harantipi harāpentipi, āveḷaṃ harantipi harāpentipi, uracchadaṃ harantipi harāpentipi. Te kulitthīhi kuladhītāhi kulakumārīhi kulasuṇhāhi kuladāsīhi saddhiṃ ekabhājanepi bhuñjanti, ekathālakepi pivanti, ekāsanepi nisīdanti, ekamañcepi tuvaṭṭenti, ekattharaṇāpi tuvaṭṭenti, ekapāvuraṇāpi tuvaṭṭenti, ekattharaṇapāvuraṇāpi tuvaṭṭenti, vikālepi bhuñjanti, majjampi pivanti, mālāgandhavilepanampi dhārenti, naccantipi, gāyantipi, vādentipi, lāsentipi; naccantiyāpi naccanti, naccantiyāpi gāyanti, naccantiyāpi vādenti, naccantiyāpi lāsenti…pe… lāsentiyāpi naccanti, lāsentiyāpi gāyanti, lāsentiyāpi vādenti, lāsentiyāpi lāsenti; aṭṭhapadepi kīḷanti, dasapadepi kīḷanti, ākāsepi kīḷanti, parihārapathepi kīḷanti, santikāyapi kīḷanti, khalikāyapi kīḷanti, ghaṭikāyapi kīḷanti, salākahatthenapi kīḷanti, akkhenapi kīḷanti, paṅgacīrenapi kīḷanti, vaṅkakenapi kīḷanti, mokkhacikāyapi kīḷanti, ciṅgulakenapi kīḷanti, pattāḷhakenapi kīḷanti, rathakenapi kīḷanti, dhanukenapi kīḷanti , akkharikāyapi kīḷanti, manesikāyapi kīḷanti, yathāvajjenapi kīḷanti; hatthismimpi sikkhanti, assasmimpi sikkhanti, rathasmimpi sikkhanti, dhanusmimpi sikkhanti; tharusmimpi sikkhanti; hatthissapi purato dhāvanti, assassapi purato dhāvanti, rathassapi purato dhāvantipi ādhāvantipi; usseḷentipi, apphoṭentipi, nibbujjhantipi, muṭṭhīhipi yujjhanti; raṅgamajjhepi saṅghāṭiṃ pattharitvā naccakiṃ evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘idha, bhagini, naccassū’’ti; nalāṭikampi denti; vividhampi anācāraṃ ācaranti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, vividhaṃ anācāraṃ ācaritabbaṃ. Yo ācareyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
187那时,具寿优楼频螺迦叶出家后,僧团有了许多铁器、木器和陶器。比丘们心中想:‘世尊到底允许了什么铁器?不允许什么?允许了什么木器?不允许什么?允许了什么陶器?不允许什么?’比丘们把这件事禀告世尊。于是,世尊以此因缘、以此事由,作了如法说法后,对诸比丘说:‘诸比丘,我允许:除武器外,一切铁器;除高脚凳、长榻、木钵、木展外,一切木器;除陶制打磨器和陶匠制品外,一切陶器。’”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmante uruvelakassape pabbajite saṅghassa bahuṃ lohabhaṇḍaṃ dārubhaṇḍaṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā lohabhaṇḍaṃ anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññātaṃ; kiṃ dārubhaṇḍaṃ anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññātaṃ; kiṃ mattikābhaṇḍaṃ anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññāta’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā paharaṇiṃ sabbaṃ lohabhaṇḍaṃ, ṭhapetvā āsandiṃ pallaṅkaṃ dārupattaṃ dārupādukaṃ sabbaṃ dārubhaṇḍaṃ, ṭhapetvā katakañca kumbhakārikañca sabbaṃ mattikābhaṇḍa’’nti.
203小事篇集 第五
Khuddakavatthukkhandhako pañcamo.
204其偈颂
Tassuddānaṃ –
205在树上、柱子上、墙上,在不该搓的地方用香粉搓澡;
Rukkhe thambhe ca kuṭṭe ca, aṭṭāne gandhasuttiyā;
206像摔跤手一样使劲蹭痒,年老了还拿着杵棒乱挥。
Vigayha mallako kacchu, jarā ca puthupāṇikā.
207藤蔓饰物和手镯,还有项链都不应佩戴;
Vallikāpi ca pāmaṅgo, kaṇṭhasuttaṃ na dhāraye;
208腰带、臂环、手镯和戒指。
Kaṭi ovaṭṭi kāyuraṃ, hatthābharaṇamuddikā.
209长柄梳、贝壳镜、手镜,黏米饭和水、油这些东西;
Dīghe kocche phaṇe hatthe, sitthā udakatelake;
210照镜子和水面看自己,涂抹膏油、按摩和敷粉。
Ādāsudapattavaṇā, ālepommaddacuṇṇanā.
211他们在身上涂色,在脸上抹彩,两样都干;
Lañchenti aṅgarāgañca, mukharāgaṃ tadūbhayaṃ;
212点眼药和拖长声调诵经,放逸无度,声音外向张扬。
Cakkhurogaṃ giraggañca, āyataṃ sarabāhiraṃ.
213用芒果核、用羚羊角,还有檀香木的,
Ambapesisakalehi, ahicchindi ca candanaṃ;
214各种高高低低的钵座,金的、厚重的、有纹饰的。
Uccāvacā pattamūlā, suvaṇṇo bahalā valī.
215染衣的、有臭味的,在热天里被虫蛀了的;
Citrā dussati duggandho, uṇhe bhijjiṃsu miḍḍhiyā;
216钵的附件、草、布、花环,还有小枕头的。
Paribhaṇḍaṃ tiṇaṃ coḷaṃ, mālaṃ kuṇḍolikāya ca.
217钵袋和挂在肩上的带子,还有那系物的绳索;
Thavikā aṃsabaddhañca, tathā bandhanasuttakā;
218桩子、床和椅子,膝上、伞盖、礼拜。
Khile mañce ca pīṭhe ca, aṅke chatte paṇāmanā.
219葫芦罐、水瓮形状的、骷髅形状的,可以摇动的,钵的承接器;
Tumbaghaṭichavasīsaṃ, calakāni paṭiggaho;
220带裂纹的杖子、金的,钵的、薄片,还有小管子的。
Vipphālidaṇḍasovaṇṇaṃ, patte pesi ca nāḷikā.
221应丢弃发酵之粥与粥,蜂蜡与 应丢弃
Kiṇṇasattu saritañca, madhusitthaṃ sipāṭikaṃ;
222应丢弃不对称补丁,及地面布等
Vikaṇṇaṃ bandhivisamaṃ, chamājirapahoti ca.
223应丢弃无意义线,软鞋与 应丢弃
Kaḷimbhaṃ moghasuttañca, adhotallaṃ upāhanā;
224以手接受,桌布与 应丢弃
Aṅgule paṭiggahañca, vitthakaṃ thavikabaddhakā.
225露天低处,堆积亦会毁灭
Ajjhokāse nīcavatthu, cayo cāpi vihaññare;
226碎散 草末,涂抹与 应丢弃
Paripati tiṇacuṇṇaṃ, ullittaavalittakaṃ.
227白色与黑色,装饰与黄赭石
Setaṃ kāḷakavaṇṇañca, parikammañca gerukaṃ;
228花鬘工、蔓藤工,鱼齿板
Mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ, makaradantakapāṭikaṃ.
229导师允许了衣竿和绳子。
Cīvaravaṃsaṃ rajjuñca, anuññāsi vināyako;
230若舍弃后离去,卡提那衣便结束。
Ujjhitvā pakkamanti ca, kathinaṃ paribhijjati.
231在墙上缠绕后,带着钵离开。
Viniveṭhiyati kuṭṭepi, pattenādāya gacchare;
232袋子、绑线,以及绑好的鞋子。
Thavikā bandhasuttañca, bandhitvā ca upāhanā.
233鞋袋和肩挂用的绳子。
Upāhanatthavikañca, aṃsabaddhañca suttakaṃ;
234在路上使用的滤水布。
Udakākappiyaṃ magge, parissāvanacoḷakaṃ.
235世尊与两位比丘带着滤水器前往韦沙离。
Dhammakaraṇaṃ dve bhikkhū, vesāliṃ agamā muni;
236在那里,他允许了棍子、覆盖物和滤水器。
Daṇḍaṃ ottharakaṃ tattha, anuññāsi parissāvanaṃ.
237蚊子、美食,还有各种各样的疾病、生命;
Makasehi paṇītena, bahvābādhā ca jīvako;
238经行处、浴室,不平整的、低矮的基地。
Caṅkamanajantāgharaṃ , visame nīcavatthuko.
239三层台阶会受损,阶梯、栏杆、平台;
Tayo caye vihaññanti, sopānālambavedikaṃ;
240露天处用草末、涂抹的、敷贴的。
Ajjhokāse tiṇacuṇṇaṃ, ullittaavalittakaṃ.
241白色的、黑色的,还有涂抹用的、黄色的土;
Setakaṃ kāḷavaṇṇañca, parikammañca gerukaṃ;
242花环装饰、蔓草装饰、鱼齿纹装饰。
Mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ, makaradantakapāṭikaṃ.
243竹子、衣绳,还有建造高起的台基;
Vaṃsaṃ cīvararajjuñca, uccañca vatthukaṃ kare;
244台阶、扶手,还有门板、门闩的构造。
Cayo sopānabāhañca, kavāṭaṃ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṃ.
245臼和杵,灯芯和猴头饰;
Udukkhaluttarapāsakaṃ, vaṭṭiñca kapisīsakaṃ;
246针、罐与钥匙孔,还有钻子和绳索。
Sūcighaṭitāḷacchiddaṃ, āviñchanañca rajjukaṃ.
247圆环、烟管,以及中间的脸模;
Maṇḍalaṃ dhūmanettañca, majjhe ca mukhamattikā;
248臭槽燃烧,水器和小碗。
Doṇi duggandhā dahati, udakaṭṭhānaṃ sarāvakaṃ.
249不可加热泥泞,洗后要排放;
Na sedeti ca cikkhallaṃ, dhovi niddhamanaṃ kare;
250椅子、厕所工作,砂砾、石块排泄。
Pīṭhañca koṭṭhake kammaṃ, marumbā silā niddhamanaṃ.
251裸体于雨中地上,那里有三衣遮蔽;
Naggā chamāya vassante, paṭicchādī tayo tahiṃ;
252井低了会崩塌,蔓藤用作腰带束。
Udapānaṃ lujjati nīcaṃ, valliyā kāyabandhane.
253秤杆、嘎嘎作响的轮子——许多器皿会因此破损;
Tulaṃ kaṭakaṭaṃ cakkaṃ, bahū bhijjanti bhājanā;
254金属、木料、皮革碎片、棚屋、草席与盖子。
Lohadārucammakhaṇḍaṃ, sālātiṇāpidhāni ca.
255木槽、檀香围墙、泥浆连同排水沟;
Doṇicandani pākāraṃ, cikkhallaṃ niddhamanena ca;
256冷水池,以及旧的刮擦行为。
Sītigataṃ pokkharaṇiṃ, purāṇañca nillekhaṇaṃ.
257他们于四月间躺卧,且不应执持布垫;
Cātumāsaṃ sayanti ca, namatakañca nadhiṭṭhahe;
258撒水食、花鬘戏——若单独进食者当制止。
Āsittakaṃ maḷorikaṃ, bhuñjantekaṃ tuvaṭṭeyyuṃ.
259茂盛之树不应践踏,水壶、清洁用的扫帚;
Vaḍḍho bodhi na akkami, ghaṭaṃ katakasammajjani;
260碎石、瓦砾,还有泡沫制的擦脚具。
Sakkharaṃ kathalañceva, pheṇakaṃ pādaghaṃsanī.
261扇子、棕榈扇,以及驱蚊的拂尘;
Vidhūpanaṃ tālavaṇṭaṃ, makasañcāpi cāmarī;
262伞,除非在园林中,这三样依学处开许。
Chattaṃ vinā ca ārāme, tayo sikkāya sammuti.
263身毛变白、指甲长,剪指甲时手指痛楚;
Romasitthā nakhā dīghā, chindantaṅgulikā dukkhā;
264出血、量度标准,以及二十指的长发。
Salohitaṃ pamāṇañca, vīsati dīghakesatā.
265剃刀、磨石、剃刀鞘,擦刀布与剃刀匣;
Khuraṃ silaṃ sipāṭikaṃ, namatakaṃ khurabhaṇḍakaṃ;
266修剪胡须与蓄留胡须,做成圆形、四方等样式。
Massuṃ kappenti vaḍḍhenti, golomicaturassakaṃ.
267前额发式、中分式,与收拢的浓密胡须;
Parimukhaṃ aḍḍhadukañca, dāṭhisambādhasaṃhare;
268疾病、剪刀伤口,以及长的砂石摩擦物。
Ābādhā kattarivaṇo, dīghaṃ sakkharikāya ca.
269梳头发的用品、遮盖头巾、高跟鞋,以及金属的眼膏棒;
Palitaṃ thakitaṃ uccā, lohabhaṇḍañjanī saha;
270靠垫和腰带,耳环和束发簪;
Pallatthikañca āyogo, vaṭaṃ salākabandhanaṃ.
271小水壶、青蛙状的器物,鼓和柔和的琵琶;
Kalābukaṃ deḍḍubhakaṃ, murajaṃ maddavīṇakaṃ;
272彩带和猪尾样装饰,衣摆穗子编成鼓的辫子;
Paṭṭikā sūkarantañca, dasā murajaveṇikā;
273内衣的光彩饰物和串珠,连扇子也都破损了;
Anto sobhaṃ guṇakañca, pavanantopi jīrati.
274种种的结踝饰物,即使在木板末端,进入水中时也带着;
Gaṇṭhikā uccāvacañca, phalakantepi ogāhe;
275在家人的衣服、象鼻状的布饰、鱼形装饰、四角的饰物;
Gihivatthaṃ hatthisoṇḍaṃ, macchakaṃ catukaṇṇakaṃ.
276棕榈叶扇、百褶衣,在家人才披的那种披肩。
Tālavaṇṭaṃ satavali, gihipārutapārupaṃ;
277玩绳戏、玩两头担子游戏、在敲打的地方玩齿木。
Saṃvelli ubhatokājaṃ, dantakaṭṭhaṃ ākoṭane.
278把饰物挂在脖子上、计较遗产,还接受木象玩具。
Kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ dāyañca, paṭaggi rukkhahatthinā;
279他们学习并念诵世间论。
Yameḷe lokāyatakaṃ, pariyāpuṇiṃsu vācayuṃ.
280谈论畜生论、研习世俗学问、使用咒术、观相占兆、嚼食。
Tiracchānakathā vijjā, khipi maṅgalaṃ khādi ca;
281假装风病、穿脏衣服、弄得恶臭、穿令人痛苦的鞋。
Vātābādho dussati ca, duggandho dukkhapādukā.
282因为羞愧而穿着有臭味的衣服,并且到处这样做。
Hiriyanti pāruduggandho, tahaṃ tahaṃ karonti ca;
283把自己弄得恶臭、破坏水井、修筑高台和堆积土石。
Duggandho kūpaṃ lujjanti, uccavatthu cayena ca.
284使用梯子扶手、在末端装臂状物,以及穿让人受罪的鞋。
Sopānālambanabāhā ante, dukkhañca pādukā;
285外面的木槽和没有盖子的凳子。
Bahiddhā doṇi kaṭṭhañca, piṭharo ca apāruto.
286厕所、门,以及门闩。
Vaccakuṭiṃ kavāṭañca, piṭṭhasaṅghāṭameva ca;
287磨具、上方的绳索、布条,以及猴头刮具。
Udukkhaluttarapāso, vaṭṭiñca kapisīsakaṃ.
288针闩孔、锁孔,以及拉绳孔。
Sūcighaṭitāḷacchiddaṃ, āviñchanacchiddameva ca;
289涂抹过的绳子、白色绳子,以及黑色绳子。
Rajju ullittāvalittaṃ, setavaṇṇañca kāḷakaṃ.
290花环纹样、藤蔓纹样、摩竭鱼纹样,以及五条纹样。
Mālākammaṃ latākammaṃ, makaraṃ pañcapaṭikaṃ;
291晾衣竿、绳子,以及为老弱者设的围栏。
Cīvaravaṃsaṃ rajjuñca, jarādubbalapākāraṃ.
292小屋,以及碎石和石板。
Koṭṭhake cāpi tatheva, marumbaṃ padarasilā;
293可以保留吹火筒、锅和钵。
Santiṭṭhati niddhamanaṃ, kumbhiñcāpi sarāvakaṃ.
294他们以苦、羞耻来掩饰,又做出不合规矩的事;
Dukkhaṃ hiri apidhānaṃ, anācārañca ācaruṃ;
295世尊允许了金属器具,但武器除外。
Lohabhaṇḍaṃ anuññāsi, ṭhapayitvā paharaṇiṃ.
296除了高脚床、木钵和拖鞋;
Ṭhapayitvā sandipallaṅkaṃ, dārupattañca pādukaṃ;
297所有的木制物品,世尊都允许了。
Sabbaṃ dārumayaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ, anuññāsi mahāmuni.
298世尊把卡特卡和陶器除外;
Katakaṃ kumbhakārañca, ṭhapayitvā tathāgato;
299所有的泥土制品,世尊都允许了。
Sabbampi mattikābhaṇḍaṃ, anuññāsi anukampako.
300如果哪一件事的情况,与先前说的相同,
Yassa vatthussa niddeso, purimena yadi samaṃ;
301那在摄颂中亦是简略的,应从理路上了知它。
Tampi saṃkhittaṃ uddāne, nayato taṃ vijāniyā.
302如此,《小事篇集》律藏中有一千事项;
Evaṃ dasasatā vatthū, vinaye khuddakavatthuke;
303它既是为了正法的住持,也是为了摄受诸清净者。
Saddhammaṭṭhitiko ceva, pesalānañcanuggaho.
304善于学习、持守戒律的人,心怀利益、极为清净,
Susikkhito vinayadharo, hitacitto supesalo;
305是点亮明灯者、是智者,值得供养、多闻之人。
Padīpakaraṇo dhīro, pūjāraho bahussutoti.
306小事篇集完
Khuddakavatthukkhandhakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.