12. 七百篇
12. 七百篇
12. Sattasatikakkhandhakaṃ
11. 第一诵品
1. Paṭhamabhāṇavāro
446那时,乔达摩世尊般涅槃已过百年,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们在毘舍离城倡导十种主张:允许角盐净、二指净、村落间净、住所净、认可净、习惯净、不搅拌净、饮用未发酵的棕榈酒、使用无边的座具、接受金银。
Tena kho pana samayena vassasataparinibbute bhagavati vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū vesāliyaṃ dasa vatthūni dīpenti – kappati siṅgiloṇakappo, kappati dvaṅgulakappo, kappati gāmantarakappo, kappati āvāsakappo, kappati anumatikappo, kappati āciṇṇakappo, kappati amathitakappo, kappati jaḷogiṃ pātuṃ, kappati adasakaṃ nisīdanaṃ, kappati jātarūparajatanti.
2那时,尊者耶舍·迦干陀伽之子正在瓦杰族地区游化,来到了毗舍离城。尊者耶舍·迦干陀伽之子就住在毘舍离大林的重阁讲堂里。当时,那些毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们,在布萨日那天,将铜钵盛满水,放置在比丘僧团的中央,然后对前来参加布萨的毘舍离近事男们这样说:“贤友们,请供养僧团吧!一个迦哈帕那也好,半个也好,四分之一也好,哪怕只是一枚摩沙伽钱也好。僧团会需要一些日用品的。”听了这话,尊者耶舍·迦干陀伽之子对这些毗舍离的近事男们说道:“贤友们,不要给僧团金钱!一个迦哈帕那也好,半个也好,四分之一也好,哪怕只是一枚摩沙伽钱也好。对于沙门释子来说,接受金银是不允许的。沙门释子不接受金银,沙门释子不持有金银。沙门释子已经舍弃了珠宝与黄金,远离了金银。”尽管尊者耶舍·迦干陀伽之子这样说了,那些毗舍离的近事男们还是供养了僧团金钱。
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto vajjīsu cārikaṃ caramāno yena vesālī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū tadahuposathe kaṃsapātiṃ udakena pūretvā majjhe bhikkhusaṅghassa ṭhapetvā āgatāgate vesālike upāsake evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘dethāvuso, saṅghassa kahāpaṇampi aḍḍhampi pādampi māsakarūpampi. Bhavissati saṅghassa parikkhārena karaṇīya’’nti. Evaṃ vutte āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto vesālike upāsake etadavoca – ‘‘māvuso, adattha saṅghassa kahāpaṇampi aḍḍhampi pādampi māsakarūpampi. Na kappati samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ jātarūparajataṃ; na sādiyanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; na paṭiggaṇhanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; nikkhittamaṇisuvaṇṇā samaṇā sakyaputtiyā apetajātarūparajatā’’ti. Evampi kho vesālikā upāsakā āyasmatā yasena kākaṇḍakaputtena vuccamānā adaṃsuyeva saṅghassa kahāpaṇampi aḍḍhampi pādampi māsakarūpampi.
3于是,那天夜晚过后,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们将那些钱财按比丘的人头数分成均等的份额,进行分配。然后,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们对尊者耶舍·迦干陀伽之子这样说:“贤友耶舍,这是给你的那份钱财。” “贤友们,我没有那份钱财,我不接受钱财。” 接着,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们商议道:“这位贤友耶舍·迦干陀伽之子,辱骂、诽谤那些有信仰、怀有净信的近事男,令他们生起不信;来吧,我们给他做个下意羯磨。” 于是,他们就对他做了下意羯磨。随后,尊者耶舍·迦干陀伽之子对毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们说:“贤友们,世尊曾制定:‘对于被行了下意羯磨的比丘,应派一位随行比丘陪同。’ 贤友们,请派一位随行比丘给我。”
Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū tassā rattiyā accayena taṃ hiraññaṃ bhikkhaggena paṭivīsaṃ ṭhapetvā bhājesuṃ. Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ yasaṃ kākaṇḍakaputtaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘eso te, āvuso yasa, hiraññassa paṭivīso’’ti. ‘‘Natthi, me āvuso, hiraññassa paṭivīso, nāhaṃ hiraññaṃ sādiyāmī’’ti. Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū – ‘‘ayaṃ āvuso yaso kākaṇḍakaputto upāsake saddhe pasanne akkosati, paribhāsati, appasādaṃ karoti; handassa mayaṃ paṭisāraṇīyakammaṃ karomā’’ti te. Tassa paṭisāraṇīyakammaṃ akaṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto vesālike vajjiputtake bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘bhagavatā, āvuso, paññattaṃ – ‘paṭisāraṇīyakammakatassa bhikkhuno anudūto dātabbo’ti. Detha me, āvuso, anudūtaṃ bhikkhu’’nti.
4于是,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们选定了一位比丘,派他作为尊者耶舍·迦干陀伽之子的随行比丘。然后,尊者耶舍·迦干陀伽之子便与那位随行比丘一同进入了毗舍离城,他对那些毗舍离的近事男们这样说:“听说我在辱骂、诽谤各位有信仰、怀有净信的近事男,令你们生起不信。但我所做的,是把非法说成非法,把法说成法;把非律说成非律,把律说成律。
Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ sammannitvā āyasmato yasassa kākaṇḍakaputtassa anudūtaṃ adaṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto anudūtena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ vesāliṃ pavisitvā vesālike upāsake etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kirāyasmante upāsake saddhe pasanne akkosāmi, paribhāsāmi, appasādaṃ karomi; yohaṃ adhammaṃ adhammoti vadāmi, dhammaṃ dhammoti vadāmi, avinayaṃ avinayoti vadāmi, vinayaṃ vinayoti vadāmi.
447“贤友们,曾经有一次,世尊住在沙瓦提城的揭德林给孤独园。在那里,贤友们,世尊对比丘们说:‘比丘们,有四种东西是日月层面的随烦恼,被这些随烦恼所染污的日月,不再发热,不再发光,不再照耀。是哪四种呢?比丘们,云是日月层面的随烦恼,被它染污的日月不再发热、发光、照耀。比丘们,雾是日月层面的随烦恼,被它染污的日月不再发热、发光、照耀。比丘们,烟尘是日月层面的随烦恼,被它染污的日月不再发热、发光、照耀。比丘们,阿修罗王拉胡是日月层面的随烦恼,被它染污的日月不再发热、发光、照耀。比丘们,就是这四种日月层面的随烦恼。同样地,比丘们,有四种东西是某些沙门婆罗门层面的随烦恼,被这些随烦恼所染污的某些沙门婆罗门,不再发热,不再发光,不再照耀。是哪四种呢?比丘们,有些沙门婆罗门饮用谷酒、饮用果酒,不远离饮酒。比丘们,这是第一种沙门婆罗门层面的随烦恼,被它染污的某些沙门婆罗门不再发热、发光、照耀。再者,比丘们,有些沙门婆罗门从事淫欲之法,不远离淫欲。比丘们,这是第二种沙门婆罗门层面的随烦恼,被它染污的某些沙门婆罗门不再发热、发光、照耀。再者,比丘们,有些沙门婆罗门接受金银,不远离收受金银。比丘们,这是第三种沙门婆罗门层面的随烦恼,被它染污的某些沙门婆罗门不再发热、发光、照耀。再者,比丘们,有些沙门婆罗门以邪命维持生计,不远离邪命。比丘们,这是第四种沙门婆罗门层面的随烦恼,被它染污的某些沙门婆罗门不再发热、发光、照耀。比丘们,就是这四种沙门婆罗门层面的随烦恼。’ 贤友们,这是世尊所说。善至这样说了之后,又作为导师进一步说了以下这番话:
‘‘Ekamidaṃ, āvuso, samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho, āvuso, bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘cattārome, bhikkhave, candimasūriyānaṃ upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Katame cattāro? Abbhaṃ, bhikkhave, candimasūriyānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti, na bhāsanti na virocanti. Mahikā, bhikkhave, candimasūriyānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti, dhūmarajo, bhikkhave, candimasūriyānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Rāhu, bhikkhave, asurindo candimasūriyānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro candimasūriyānaṃ upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā candimasūriyā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, cattārome samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Katame cattāro? Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā suraṃ pivanti, merayaṃ pivanti, surāmerayapānā appaṭiviratā – ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevanti, methunadhammā appaṭiviratā – ayaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyo samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā jātarūparajataṃ sādiyanti, jātarūparajatappaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā – ayaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyo samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti; micchājīvā appaṭiviratā – ayaṃ, bhikkhave, catuttho samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso, yena upakkilesena upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti, na bhāsanti, na virocanti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā na tapanti, na bhāsanti , na virocanti’. ‘‘Idamavocāvuso, bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
7“有些沙门和婆罗门,被贪欲与瞋恚所染污,
‘‘Rāgadosaparikliṭṭhā, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā;
8这些被无明所笼罩的人,对可爱的形象心生欢喜。
Avijjānivuṭā posā, piyarūpābhinandino.
9“他们饮用谷酒和果酒,从事淫欲之法,
‘‘Suraṃ pivanti merayaṃ, paṭisevanti methunaṃ;
10愚昧无知的人接受银子与金子。
Rajataṃ jātarūpañca, sādiyanti aviddasū.
11有些沙门和婆罗门以不正当的方式谋生;
‘‘Micchājīvena jīvanti, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā;
12这些是太阳的亲属、佛陀所开示的垢染。
Ete upakkilesā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā.
13被这些垢染所染污,有些沙门和婆罗门;
‘‘Yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhā, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā;
14他们不清净,有尘垢,追随死魔,不再发热,不再发光。
Na tapanti na bhāsanti, asuddhā sarajā magā.
15他们被黑暗覆盖,是贪爱的奴隶,被渴爱牵引;
‘‘Andhakārena onaddhā, taṇhādāsā sanettikā;
16他们增长恐怖的墓地,执取再生。
Vaḍḍhenti kaṭasiṃ ghoraṃ, ādiyanti punabbhavanti.
6我这样说话,其实是在对您这样有信、有净信的近事男进行斥责、辱骂、让人生不起净信吗?我这是把非法说成非法,把法说成法,把非律说成非律,把律说成律啊。
‘‘Evaṃvādī kirāhaṃ āyasmante upāsake saddhe pasanne akkosāmi, paribhāsāmi, appasādaṃ karomi; yohaṃ adhammaṃ adhammoti vadāmi, dhammaṃ dhammoti vadāmi, avinayaṃ avinayoti vadāmi, vinayaṃ vinayoti vadāmi.
448“朋友们,有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹园,就是松鼠觅食的地方。那时,在王宫内的王众集会中,大家聚在一起坐着,中间生起了这样一番议论:‘沙门释迦弟子接受金银是允许的,沙门释迦弟子会接受金银,沙门释迦弟子会领受金银。’当时,尊者,村长玛尼珠喇咖就坐在那个集会里。于是,尊者,村长玛尼珠喇咖对那个集会这样说:‘诸位贤士,请不要这样说。沙门释迦弟子接受金银是不允许的,沙门释迦弟子不接受金银,沙门释迦弟子不领受金银。沙门释迦弟子舍弃了宝石和黄金,远离了金银。’尊者,这位村长玛尼珠喇咖说服了那个集会。
‘‘Ekamidaṃ, āvuso, samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena rājantepure rājaparisāyaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarakathā udapādi – ‘kappati samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ jātarūparajataṃ; sādiyanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; paṭiggaṇhanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajata’nti. Tena kho panāvuso samayena, maṇicūḷako gāmaṇī tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti. Atha kho, āvuso, maṇicūḷako gāmaṇī taṃ parisaṃ etadavoca – ‘mā ayyā evaṃ avacuttha. Na kappati samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ jātarūparajataṃ; na sādiyanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; na paṭiggaṇhanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; nikkhittamaṇisuvaṇṇā samaṇā sakyaputtiyā apetajātarūparajatā’ti. Asakkhi kho, āvuso, maṇicūḷako gāmaṇī taṃ parisaṃ saññāpetuṃ.
8“于是,尊者,村长玛尼珠喇咖说服了那个集会之后,就去拜见世尊。他拜访了世尊,礼敬之后,坐在一旁。尊者,村长玛尼珠喇咖坐在一旁后,对世尊这样说:‘尊者,之前在王宫内的王众集会中,大家聚在一起坐着,生起了这样一番议论:沙门释迦弟子接受金银是允许的,沙门释迦弟子会接受金银,沙门释迦弟子会领受金银。当这样说的时候,尊者,我就对那个集会这样说:诸位贤士,请不要这样说。沙门释迦弟子接受金银是不允许的,沙门释迦弟子不接受金银,沙门释迦弟子不领受金银。沙门释迦弟子舍弃了宝石和黄金,远离了金银。尊者,我说服了那个集会。尊者,我这样解说,是不是正确地说了世尊您的话语,没有以不实之词毁谤世尊,解说了法与随顺法的道理,而且不会有任何一位如法的人找到可以指责我言论的过失呢?’‘确实如此,村长,你这样解说,就是正确地说了我的话语,没有以不实之词毁谤我,解说了法与随顺法的道理,而且没有任何一位如法的人能找到可以指责你言论的过失。村长,沙门释迦弟子接受金银确实是不允许的,沙门释迦弟子不接受金银,沙门释迦弟子不领受金银。沙门释迦弟子舍弃了宝石和黄金,远离了金银。村长,对于谁来说金银是可以的,那么对于他来说,五种欲乐功德也是可以的。对于谁来说五种欲乐功德是可以的,村长,你就完全可以断定:这绝不是沙门的法,绝不是释迦弟子的法。再者,村长,我这样说:需要草的人,应该去寻找草;需要木头的人,应该去寻找木头;需要车的人,应该去寻找车;需要劳力的人,应该去寻找劳力。但村长,我绝不说一个人可以因为任何理由而接受、寻求金银。’”
‘‘Atha kho, āvuso, maṇicūḷako gāmaṇī taṃ parisaṃ saññāpetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho, āvuso, maṇicūḷako gāmaṇī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘idha, bhante, rājantepure rājaparisāyaṃ sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarakathā udapādi – kappati samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ jātarūparajataṃ; sādiyanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; paṭiggaṇhanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajatanti. Evaṃ vutte ahaṃ bhante, taṃ parisaṃ etadavocaṃ – mā ayyā evaṃ avacuttha. Na kappati samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ jātarūparajataṃ; na sādiyanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ ; na paṭiggaṇhanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; nikkhittamaṇisuvaṇṇā samaṇā sakyaputtiyā apetajātarūparajatāti. Asakkhiṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, taṃ parisaṃ saññāpetuṃ. Kaccāhaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākaramāno vuttavādī ceva bhagavato homi, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhāmi, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākaromi, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchatī’ti? ‘Taggha tvaṃ, gāmaṇi, evaṃ byākaramāno vuttavādī ceva me hosi; na ca maṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhasi , dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākarosi, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchati. Na hi, gāmaṇi, kappati samaṇānaṃ sakyaputtiyānaṃ jātarūparajataṃ; na sādiyanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; na paṭiggaṇhanti samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jātarūparajataṃ; nikkhittamaṇisuvaṇṇā samaṇā sakyaputtiyā apetajātarūparajatā. Yassa kho, gāmaṇi, jātarūparajataṃ kappati, pañcapi tassa kāmaguṇā kappanti. Yassa pañca kāmaguṇā kappanti ekaṃsenetaṃ, gāmaṇi, dhāreyyāsi – assamaṇadhammo asakyaputtiyadhammoti. Api cāhaṃ, gāmaṇi, evaṃ vadāmi tiṇaṃ tiṇatthikena pariyesitabbaṃ; dāru dārutthikena pariyesitabbaṃ; sakaṭaṃ sakaṭatthikena pariyesitabbaṃ; puriso purisatthikena pariyesitabbo. Na tvevāhaṃ, gāmaṇi, kenaci pariyāyena jātarūparajataṃ sāditabbaṃ pariyesitabbanti vadāmī’ti.
9“持这种说法的我,竟然指责、呵斥、让这些虔诚、有信仰的贤善近事男们产生不信;只因为我把非法说成非法,把法说法,把非律说成非律,把律说律。”
‘‘Evaṃvādī kirāhaṃ āyasmante upāsake saddhe pasanne akkosāmi, paribhāsāmi, appasādaṃ karomi; yohaṃ adhammaṃ adhammoti vadāmi, dhammaṃ dhammoti vadāmi, avinayaṃ avinayoti vadāmi, vinayaṃ vinayoti vadāmi.
449“朋友们,有一次,世尊在王舍城,因为尊者释迦族出身的优波难陀的事,而禁止了金银,并且制定了学处。持这种说法的我,竟然指责、呵斥、让这些虔诚、有信仰的贤善近事男们产生不信;只因为我把非法说成非法,把法说法,把非律说成非律,把律说律。”
‘‘Ekamidaṃ, āvuso, samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe āyasmantaṃ upanandaṃ sakyaputtaṃ ārabbha jātarūparajataṃ paṭikkhipi, sikkhāpadañca paññapesi. Evaṃvādī kirāhaṃ āyasmante upāsake saddhe pasanne akkosāmi, paribhāsāmi, appasādaṃ karomi; yohaṃ adhammaṃ adhammoti vadāmi, dhammaṃ dhammoti vadāmi, avinayaṃ avinayoti vadāmi, vinayaṃ vinayoti vadāmī’’ti.
11听到这话,毗舍离的近事男们对尊者耶舍这样说道:“尊者,只有您耶舍尊者一位是真正的沙门释迦弟子,其他所有这些人都不是沙门,不是释迦弟子。尊者,请您耶舍尊者就住在毗舍离吧。我们会为耶舍尊者尽心操办衣服、饮食、坐具、医药等必需品。”于是,尊者耶舍说服了毗舍离的近事男们之后,和那位作信使的比丘一起回到了寺院。
Evaṃ vutte vesālikā upāsakā āyasmantaṃ yasaṃ kākaṇḍakaputtaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ekova bhante, ayyo yaso kākaṇḍakaputto samaṇo sakyaputtiyo. Sabbevime assamaṇā asakyaputtiyā. Vasatu, bhante, ayyo yaso kākaṇḍakaputto vesāliyaṃ. Mayaṃ ayyassa yasassa kākaṇḍakaputtassa ussukkaṃ karissāma cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārāna’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto vesālike upāsake saññāpetvā anudūtena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ ārāmaṃ agamāsi.
12接着,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们问那位作信使的比丘:“朋友,耶舍向毗舍离近事男们表示忏悔了吗?”那位比丘回答:“近事男们对我们做了一件不善的事,朋友们。他们把耶舍单独当作沙门释迦弟子,而把我们所有的人都当作了非沙门、非释迦弟子。”于是,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们说:“朋友们,这位耶舍未得到我们的认可,就向在家人宣扬。来,让我们对他做呵斥羯磨。”他们想要对他做呵斥羯磨,便集合起来。就在这时,尊者耶舍腾空而起,在拘睒弥落了下来。
Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū anudūtaṃ bhikkhuṃ pucchiṃsu – ‘‘khamāpitāvuso, yasena kākaṇḍakaputtena vesālikā upāsakā’’ti ? ‘‘Upāsakehi pāpikaṃ no, āvuso, kataṃ. Ekova yaso kākaṇḍakaputto samaṇo sakyaputtiyo kato. Sabbeva mayaṃ assamaṇā asakyaputtiyā katā’’ti. Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū – ‘‘ayaṃ, āvuso, yaso kākaṇḍakaputto amhehi asammato gihīnaṃ pakāsesi; handassa mayaṃ ukkhepanīyakammaṃ karomā’’ti. Te tassa ukkhepanīyakammaṃ kattukāmā sannipatiṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā kosambiyaṃ paccuṭṭhāsi.
450然后,尊者耶舍向居住在巴韦亚咖和阿梵提南方道地区的比丘们派去了信使,传达消息说:“各位尊者,请你们来,我们一起来处理这件事。我们要在非法广泛传播开来之前,在正法被压制之前;在非律广泛传播开来之前,在正律被压制之前;在说非法的人变得强大、说法的人变得弱小之前;在说非律的人变得强大、说律的人变得弱小之前。”
Atha kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto pāveyyakānañca avantidakkhiṇāpathakānañca bhikkhūnaṃ santike dūtaṃ pāhesi – ‘‘āgacchantu āyasmantā; imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ādiyissāma. Pure adhammo dippati, dhammo paṭibāhiyyati; avinayo dippati, vinayo paṭibāhiyyati; pure adhammavādino balavanto honti, dhammavādino dubbalā honti; avinayavādino balavanto honti, vinayavādino dubbalā hontī’’ti.
14那时,尊者桑布塔·沙那瓦西正住在阿呵甘嘎山上。于是,尊者耶舍就去阿呵甘嘎山,拜访尊者桑布塔·沙那瓦西。到了之后,他向尊者桑布塔·沙那瓦西礼敬,然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者耶舍对尊者桑布塔·沙那瓦西这样说:‘尊者,这些毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们,在毗舍离宣扬十件事:允许用角器盛盐的习惯;允许两指宽取食的习惯;允许在村落之间用餐的习惯;允许在各处寺院随喜的习惯;允许未经僧团授权而先做的习惯;允许遵循惯常做法的习惯;允许饮用未经搅拌的乳品的习惯;允许饮用未发酵或半发酵的棕榈酒;允许使用没有边缘的坐具;允许接受金银。来吧,尊者,我们一起来处理这件事。我们要在非法广泛传播开来之前,在正法被压制之前;在非律广泛传播开来之前,在正律被压制之前;在说非法的人变得强大、说法的人变得弱小之前;在说非律的人变得强大、说律的人变得弱小之前。’尊者桑布塔·沙那瓦西回应尊者耶舍说:‘可以,朋友。’于是,大约有六十位巴韦亚咖的比丘,他们全是住在森林里的、全是托钵乞食的、全穿粪扫衣的、全是三衣具足的,而且全都是阿拉汉,都聚集到了阿呵甘嘎山。还有大约八十八位阿梵提南方道的比丘,其中一部分是住在森林里的,一部分是托钵乞食的,一部分是穿粪扫衣的,一部分是三衣具足的,他们也全都是阿拉汉,也都聚集到了阿呵甘嘎山。长老比丘们在商议时,心中生起这样一个念头:‘这件事又棘手又重大。我们到底要拉拢谁做我们的盟友,才能让我们在处理这件事时变得更有力量呢?’
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sambhūto sāṇavāsī ahogaṅge pabbate paṭivasati. Atha kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto yena ahogaṅgo pabbato, yenāyasmā sambhūto sāṇavāsī tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sambhūtaṃ sāṇavāsiṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto āyasmantaṃ sambhūtaṃ sāṇavāsiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ime, bhante, vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū vesāliyaṃ dasa vatthūni dīpenti – kappati siṅgiloṇakappo, kappati dvaṅgulakappo, kappati gāmantarakappo, kappati āvāsakappo, kappati anumatikappo, kappati āciṇṇakappo, kappati amathitakappo, kappati jaḷogiṃ pātuṃ, kappati adasakaṃ nisīdanaṃ, kappati jātarūparajatanti. Handa mayaṃ, bhante, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ādiyissāma. Pure adhammo dippati, dhammo paṭibāhiyyati; avinayo dippati, vinayo paṭibāhiyyati; pure adhammavādino balavanto honti, dhammavādino dubbalā honti; avinayavādino balavanto honti, vinayavādino dubbalā hontī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā sambhūto sāṇavāsī āyasmato yasassa kākaṇḍakaputtassa paccassosi. Atha kho saṭṭhimattā pāveyyakā bhikkhū – sabbe āraññikā, sabbe piṇḍapātikā, sabbe paṃsukūlikā, sabbe tecīvarikā, sabbeva arahanto – ahogaṅge pabbate sannipatiṃsu. Aṭṭhāsītimattā avantidakkhiṇāpathakā bhikkhū – appekacce āraññikā, appekacce piṇḍapātikā, appekacce paṃsukūlikā, appekacce tecīvarikā, sabbeva arahanto – ahogaṅge pabbate sannipatiṃsu. Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mantayamānānaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘idaṃ kho adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷañca, vāḷañca; kaṃ nu kho mayaṃ pakkhaṃ labheyyāma, yena mayaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe balavantatarā assāmā’’ti.
451那时,尊者离婆多住在索勒亚。他多闻,传承圣典,持法、持律、持论母,聪明、能干、有智慧,有惭耻心,有追悔心,乐于学处。于是长老比丘们心中这样想:‘这位尊者离婆多住在索勒亚,他多闻,传承圣典,持法、持律、持论母,聪明、能干、有智慧,有惭耻心,有追悔心,乐于学处。如果我们能把尊者离婆多争取为伙伴,在这场争论中我们就会更有力量。’ 尊者离婆多用超人的、清净的天耳界听见了长老比丘们的商议。听了之后,他这样想:‘这场争论既严酷又棘手。我在这种争论中退缩是不合适的。但现在那些比丘就要来了,被他们围着,我就不得安宁。让我预先离开吧。’ 于是,尊者离婆多从索勒亚去了桑咖沙。
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā revato soreyye paṭivasati – bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo paṇḍito viyatto medhāvī lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo. Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā revato soreyye paṭivasati – bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo paṇḍito viyatto medhāvī lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo. Sace mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ revataṃ pakkhaṃ labhissāma, evaṃ mayaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe balavantatarā assāmā’’ti. Assosi kho āyasmā revato – dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya – therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mantayamānānaṃ. Sutvānassa etadahosi – ‘‘idaṃ kho adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷañca vāḷañca. Na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ yohaṃ evarūpe adhikaraṇe osakkeyyaṃ. Idāni ca pana te bhikkhū āgacchissanti. Sohaṃ tehi ākiṇṇo na phāsu gamissāmi. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ paṭikacceva gaccheyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā revato soreyyā saṅkassaṃ agamāsi.
16于是,长老比丘们到了索勒亚后问:‘尊者离婆多在哪里?’ 他们这样说:‘那位尊者离婆多去了桑咖沙。’ 然后,尊者离婆多从桑咖沙去了坎那库加。长老比丘们到了桑咖沙后问:‘尊者离婆多在哪里?’ 他们这样说:‘那位尊者离婆多去了坎那库加。’ 然后,尊者离婆多从坎那库加去了乌杜巴拉。长老比丘们到了坎那库加后问:‘尊者离婆多在哪里?’ 他们这样说:‘那位尊者离婆多去了乌杜巴拉。’ 然后,尊者离婆多从乌杜巴拉去了阿嘎腊普拉。长老比丘们到了乌杜巴拉后问:‘尊者离婆多在哪里?’ 他们这样说:‘那位尊者离婆多去了阿嘎腊普拉。’ 然后,尊者离婆多从阿嘎腊普拉去了萨哈提。长老比丘们到了阿嘎腊普拉后问:‘尊者离婆多在哪里?’ 他们这样说:‘那位尊者离婆多去了萨哈提。’ 于是,长老比丘们在萨哈提见到了尊者离婆多。
Atha kho therā bhikkhū soreyyaṃ gantvā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kahaṃ āyasmā revato’’ti? Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘esāyasmā revato saṅkassaṃ gato’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā revato saṅkassā kaṇṇakujjaṃ agamāsi. Atha kho therā bhikkhū saṅkassaṃ gantvā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kahaṃ āyasmā revato’’ti? Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘esāyasmā revato kaṇṇakujjaṃ gato’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā revato kaṇṇakujjā udumbaraṃ agamāsi. Atha kho therā bhikkhū kaṇṇakujjaṃ gantvā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kahaṃ āyasmā revato’’ti? Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘esāyasmā revato udumbaraṃ gato’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā revato udumbarā aggaḷapuraṃ agamāsi. Atha kho therā bhikkhū udumbaraṃ gantvā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kahaṃ āyasmā revato’’ti? Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘esāyasmā revato aggaḷapuraṃ gato’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā revato aggaḷapurā sahajātiṃ agamāsi. Atha kho therā bhikkhū aggaḷapuraṃ gantvā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kahaṃ āyasmā revato’’ti? Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘esāyasmā revato sahajātiṃ gato’’ti. Atha kho therā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ revataṃ sahajātiyaṃ sambhāvesuṃ.
452于是,尊者桑布塔·沙那瓦西对尊者耶舍·卡坎达卡普塔这样说:‘贤友,这位尊者离婆多博学多闻,传承圣典,持法、持律、持论母,聪明、能干、有智慧,有惭耻心,有追悔心,乐于学处。如果我们向尊者离婆多提问,他完全有能力用一个问题度过一整夜。现在,尊者离婆多要命一位弟子比丘作诵经。你在那位比丘诵经结束时,去到尊者离婆多那里,问这十件事。’ ‘是的,尊者。’ 尊者耶舍·卡坎达卡普塔回应尊者桑布塔·沙那瓦西。于是,尊者离婆多命了一位弟子比丘作诵经。接着,尊者耶舍·卡坎达卡普塔在那位比丘诵经结束时,来到尊者离婆多那里,到后向尊者离婆多礼敬,坐在一边。坐在一边的尊者耶舍·卡坎达卡普塔对尊者离婆多这样说:‘尊者,角盐净是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,什么是角盐净?’ ‘尊者,拿角器储存盐,在没盐的食物上用时才吃,是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,两指净是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,什么是两指净?’ ‘尊者,当太阳的影子过了两指宽,在非时用餐,是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,入村净是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,什么是入村净?’ ‘尊者,想着“我这就去别的村子”,已经吃过、已经谢绝的人,再吃没被施给的食物,是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,住所净是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,什么是住所净?’ ‘尊者,好几个住所共一个界,却在不同的日子举行布萨,是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,随喜净是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,什么是随喜净?’ ‘尊者,由一个偏离的僧团做羯磨,心想“等那些比丘来了我们再征得他们同意”,是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,习惯净是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,什么是习惯净?’ ‘尊者,我的戒师经常这样做,我的教授师经常这样做,照着这样做,是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,习惯净,有些情况允许,有些情况不允许。’ ‘尊者,不搅拌净是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,什么是不搅拌净?’ ‘尊者,那种牛奶已经脱离牛奶的状态,但还没达到凝乳的状态,已经吃过、已经谢绝的人,在没有被施给的情况下喝它,是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,喝棕榈酒是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,什么是棕榈酒?’ ‘尊者,那种酒是酿造的,但还没达到醉人的状态,喝它是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,没有边沿的坐具是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,金银是允许的吗?’ ‘贤友,不允许。’ ‘尊者,这些毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们,在毗舍离公开主张这十件事。来吧,尊者,我们就着手处理这场争论。在非法被广泛宣扬、正法被压制之前,在非律被广泛宣扬、律被压制之前,在那些说非法的人变得强大、说正法的人变得弱小之前,在那些说非律的人变得强大、说律的人变得弱小之前。’ ‘是的,贤友。’ 尊者离婆多回应尊者耶舍·卡坎达卡普塔。
Atha kho āyasmā sambhūto sāṇavāsī āyasmantaṃ yasaṃ kākaṇḍakaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, āvuso, āyasmā revato bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo paṇḍito viyatto medhāvī lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo. Sace mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ revataṃ pañhaṃ pucchissāma, paṭibalo āyasmā revato ekeneva pañhena sakalampi rattiṃ vītināmetuṃ. Idāni ca panāyasmā revato antevāsikaṃ sarabhāṇakaṃ bhikkhuṃ ajjhesissati. So tvaṃ tassa bhikkhuno sarabhaññapariyosāne āyasmantaṃ revataṃ upasaṅkamitvā imāni dasa vatthūni puccheyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto āyasmato sambhūtassa sāṇavāsissa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā revato antevāsikaṃ sarabhāṇakaṃ bhikkhuṃ ajjhesi. Atha kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto tassa bhikkhuno sarabhaññapariyosāne yenāyasmā revato tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ revataṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā yaso kākaṇḍakaputto āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kappati, bhante, siṅgiloṇakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, siṅgiloṇakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, siṅginā loṇaṃ pariharituṃ – yattha aloṇakaṃ bhavissati tattha paribhuñjissāmī’’ti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kappati, bhante, dvaṅgulakappo’’ti ? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, dvaṅgulakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, dvaṅgulāya chāyāya vītivattāya, vikāle bhojanaṃ bhuñjitu’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kappati, bhante, gāmantarakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, gāmantarakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante – idāni gāmantaraṃ gamissāmīti – bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjitu’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kappati, bhante, āvāsakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, āvāsakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, sambahulā āvāsā samānasīmā nānuposathaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso , kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kappati , bhante, anumatikappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, anumatikappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, vaggena saṅghena kammaṃ kātuṃ – āgate bhikkhū anumānessāmā’’ti ? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kappati, bhante, āciṇṇakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, āciṇṇakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, idaṃ me upajjhāyena ajjhāciṇṇaṃ, idaṃ me ācariyena ajjhāciṇṇaṃ, taṃ ajjhācaritu’’nti? ‘‘Āciṇṇakappo kho, āvuso, ekacco kappati, ekacco na kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kappati, bhante, amathitakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, amathitakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, yaṃ taṃ khīraṃ khīrabhāvaṃ vijahitaṃ, asampattaṃ dadhibhāvaṃ, taṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ pātu’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, jaḷogiṃ pātu’’nti? ‘‘Kā sā, āvuso, jaḷogī’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, yā sā surā āsutā, asampattā majjabhāvaṃ, sā pātu’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kappati, bhante, adasakaṃ nisīdana’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kappati, bhante, jātarūparajata’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Ime, bhante, vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū vesāliyaṃ imāni dasa vatthūni dīpenti. Handa mayaṃ, bhante, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ādiyissāma. Pure adhammo dippati, dhammo paṭibāhiyyati; avinayo dippati, vinayo paṭibāhiyyati; pure adhammavādino balavanto honti, dhammavādino dubbalā honti; avinayavādino balavanto honti, vinayavādino dubbalā hontī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā revato āyasmato yasassa kākaṇḍakaputtassa paccassosi.
29第一诵品完
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
302. 第二诵品
2. Dutiyabhāṇavāro
453毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们听说:‘据说耶舍·卡坎达卡普塔想要着手处理这场争论,正在寻找伙伴,而且听说他找到了伙伴。’ 于是,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们这样想:‘这场争论既严酷又棘手。我们能找到谁做伙伴,让我们在这场争论中变得更有力量呢?’
Assosuṃ kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū – ‘‘yaso kira kākaṇḍakaputto idaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ādiyitukāmo pakkhaṃ pariyesati, labhati ca kira pakkha’’nti. Atha kho vesālikānaṃ vajjiputtakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘idaṃ kho adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷañca vāḷañca. Kaṃ nu kho mayaṃ pakkhaṃ labheyyāma, yena mayaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe balavantatarā assāmā’’ti.
19然后,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们这样想:‘这位尊者离婆多博学多闻,传承圣典,持法、持律、持论母,聪明、能干、有智慧,有惭耻心,有追悔心,乐于学处。如果我们能把尊者离婆多争取为伙伴,在这场争论中我们就会更有力量。’
Atha kho vesālikānaṃ vajjiputtakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā revato bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo paṇḍito viyatto medhāvī lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo. Sace mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ revataṃ pakkhaṃ labheyyāma, evaṃ mayaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe balavantatarā assāmā’’ti.
20于是,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们准备了许多沙门资具:有钵,有衣,有坐具,有针筒,有腰带,有滤水囊,有水壶。接着,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们拿着这些沙门资具,乘船向萨哈提进发。下船后,他们在一棵树下用饭。那时,在尊者萨拉独处静坐时,心中生起这样的思惟:‘谁是正法的宣说者——是东方的比丘们,还是巴韦亚咖的比丘们?’ 接着,尊者萨拉在心中观察法与律后,这样想:‘东方的比丘们是非法宣说者,巴韦亚咖的比丘们是正法宣说者。’
Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū pahūtaṃ sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ paṭiyādesuṃ – pattampi, cīvarampi, nisīdanampi, sūcigharampi, kāyabandhanampi, parissāvanampi, dhammakaraṇampi. Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū taṃ sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ ādāya nāvāya sahajātiṃ ujjaviṃsu; nāvāya paccorohitvā aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle bhattavissaggaṃ karonti. Atha kho āyasmato sāḷhassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘ke nu kho dhammavādino – pācīnakā vā bhikkhū, pāveyyakā vā’’ti? Atha kho āyasmato sāḷhassa, dhammañca vinayañca cetasā paccavekkhantassa, etadahosi – ‘‘adhammavādino pācīnakā bhikkhū, dhammavādino pāveyyakā bhikkhū’’ti.
21那时,有一位净居天的天神,知道了尊者萨拉心中的想法,就像力士屈伸手臂那么快,从净居天消失,出现在尊者萨拉面前。那位天神对尊者萨拉这样说:‘善哉,萨拉尊者,东方的比丘们是非法宣说者,巴韦亚咖的比丘们是正法宣说者!所以,萨拉尊者,请您就依法而安住吧!’ 尊者萨拉说:‘天神啊,我从前和现在都依法安住,不过我还没公开表示我的见解,或许他们会在这件事上推举我。’
Atha kho aññatarā suddhāvāsakāyikā devatā āyasmato sāḷhassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ sammiñjeyya, evameva suddhāvāsesu devesu antarahitā – āyasmato sāḷhassa sammukhe pāturahosi. Atha kho sā devatā āyasmantaṃ sāḷhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu, bhante sāḷha, adhammavādī pācīnakā bhikkhū, dhammavādī pāveyyakā bhikkhū. Tena hi, bhante sāḷha, yathādhammo tathā tiṭṭhāhī’’ti. ‘‘Pubbepi cāhaṃ, devate, etarahi ca yathādhammo tathā ṭhito ; api cāhaṃ na tāva diṭṭhiṃ āvi karomi, appeva nāma maṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe sammanneyyā’’ti.
454于是,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们拿着那些沙门资具,来到尊者离婆多那里,到后对尊者离婆多说:‘恳请长老收下这些沙门资具:有钵,有衣,有坐具,有针筒,有腰带,有滤水囊,有水壶。’ 尊者离婆多说:‘够了,贤友们,我的钵和衣都齐备了。’ 他不愿意接受。
Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū taṃ sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ ādāya yenāyasmā revato tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu, bhante, thero sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ – pattampi, cīvarampi, nisīdanampi, sūcigharampi, kāyabandhanampi, parissāvanampi, dhammakaraṇampī’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, āvuso, paripuṇṇaṃ me pattacīvara’’nti na icchi paṭiggahetuṃ.
23那时,有一位名叫乌塔罗的比丘,二十岁,是离婆多尊者的侍者。这时,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们来到乌塔罗尊者那里,到了之后对乌塔罗尊者这样说:‘请乌塔罗尊者接受这些沙门必需品——包括钵、衣、坐具、针筒、腰带、滤水囊和雨衣吧。’‘够了,贤友们,我的钵和衣具已经齐全了。’他不愿接受。‘乌塔罗贤友,人们会向世尊供奉沙门必需品。如果世尊接受了,他们就会因此而欢喜。如果世尊不接受,他们就会拿去给阿难尊者,说:尊者,请您这位长老接受沙门必需品吧,这样就像世尊接受了一样。乌塔罗尊者,请您也接受这些沙门必需品吧,这样就像长老接受了一样。’于是,乌塔罗尊者被那些毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们逼迫着,拿走了一件衣。‘贤友们,你们有什么要说的就说吧。’‘请乌塔罗尊者这样对长老说,也请长老这样在僧团中说:诸佛世尊都出现在东方地区。东方比丘是说正法者,巴韦亚咖比丘是说非法者。’‘好的,贤友们。’乌塔罗尊者答应了毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们,然后来到离婆多尊者那里,到了之后对离婆多尊者这样说:‘尊者,请您这样在僧团中说:诸佛世尊都出现在东方地区。东方比丘是说正法者,巴韦亚咖比丘是说非法者。’‘比丘,你这是在把我往非法上推!’长老就把乌塔罗尊者赶走了。
Tena kho pana samayena uttaro nāma bhikkhu vīsativasso āyasmato revatassa upaṭṭhāko hoti. Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū yenāyasmā uttaro tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ uttaraṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu āyasmā uttaro sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ – pattampi, cīvarampi, nisīdanampi, sūcigharampi, kāyabandhanampi, parissāvanampi, dhammakaraṇampī’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, āvuso, paripuṇṇaṃ me pattacīvara’’nti na icchi paṭiggahetuṃ. ‘‘Manussā kho, āvuso uttara, bhagavato sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ upanāmenti. Sace bhagavā paṭiggaṇhāti, teneva te attamanā honti. No ce bhagavā paṭiggaṇhāti, āyasmato ānandassa upanāmenti – paṭiggaṇhātu, bhante, thero sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ. Yathā bhagavatā paṭiggahito, evameva so bhavissatīti. Paṭiggaṇhātu āyasmā uttaro sāmaṇakaṃ parikkhāraṃ. Yathā therena paṭiggahito, evameva so bhavissatī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā uttaro vesālikehi vajjiputtehi bhikkhūhi nippīḷiyamāno ekaṃ cīvaraṃ aggahesi. ‘‘Vadeyyātha, āvuso, yena attho’’ti. ‘‘Ettakaṃ āyasmā uttaro theraṃ vadetu; ettakañca, bhante, thero saṅghamajjhe vadetu – ‘puratthimesu janapadesu buddhā bhagavanto uppajjanti. Dhammavādī pācīnakā bhikkhū, adhammavādī pāveyyakā bhikkhū’’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā uttaro vesālikānaṃ vajjiputtakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭissutvā yenāyasmā revato tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ettakaṃ, bhante, thero saṅghamajjhe vadetu – ‘puratthimesu janapadesu buddhā bhagavanto uppajjanti . Dhammavādī pācīnakā bhikkhū, adhammavādī pāveyyakā bhikkhū’’’ti. ‘‘Adhamme maṃ tvaṃ, bhikkhu, niyojesī’’ti thero āyasmantaṃ uttaraṃ paṇāmesi.
24这时,毗舍离的跋耆族比丘们对乌塔罗尊者说:‘乌塔罗贤友,长老说什么了?’‘贤友们,我们做了件坏事。长老说:比丘,你这是在把我往非法上推,然后就把我赶走了。’‘乌塔罗贤友,你不是个有二十戒腊的年长比丘吗?’‘是的,贤友们,但即便如此,我们还是要遵循师长的依止。’
Atha kho vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ uttaraṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kiṃ, āvuso uttara, thero āhā’’ti? ‘‘Pāpikaṃ no, āvuso, kataṃ. ‘Adhamme maṃ tvaṃ, bhikkhu, niyojesī’’’ti thero maṃ paṇāmesīti. ‘‘Nanu tvaṃ, āvuso , vuḍḍho vīsativassosī’’ti? ‘‘Āmāvuso, api ca mayaṃ garunissayaṃ gaṇhāmā’’ti.
455这时,僧团为了裁决这件事而集会。离婆多尊者向僧团宣告说:
Atha kho saṅgho taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinicchinitukāmo sannipati. Atha kho āyasmā revato saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –
26‘请僧团听我说,贤友们。如果我们在这里平息这件事,那些发起这件事的比丘们以后还可能再闹事。如果僧团时机合适,就在这件事发生的地方,僧团就在那里平息这件事吧。’
‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Sace mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ idha vūpasamessāma, siyāpi mūlādāyakā bhikkhū punakammāya ukkoṭeyyuṃ. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, yatthevimaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ samuppannaṃ, saṅgho tatthevimaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyyā’’ti.
27于是,长老比丘们前往毗舍离,想要裁决这件事。
Atha kho therā bhikkhū vesāliṃ agamaṃsu – taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinicchinitukāmā.
28那时,有一位名叫萨巴咖弥的比丘,是整个大地上僧团最长老的比丘,戒腊有一百二十岁,是阿难尊者的同住弟子,住在毗舍离。这时,离婆多尊者对桑布塔·沙那瓦西尊者说:‘贤友,我要去萨巴咖弥长老住的那个寺院。你明天一早就去拜访萨巴咖弥尊者,问他这十件事。’
Tena kho pana samayena sabbakāmī nāma pathabyā saṅghatthero vīsavassasatiko upasampadāya, āyasmato ānandassa saddhivihāriko, vesāliyaṃ paṭivasati. Atha kho āyasmā revato āyasmantaṃ sambhūtaṃ sāṇavāsiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ, āvuso, yasmiṃ vihāre sabbakāmī thero viharati, taṃ vihāraṃ upagacchāmi. So tvaṃ kālasseva āyasmantaṃ sabbakāmiṃ upasaṅkamitvā imāni dasa vatthūni puccheyyāsī’’ti.
29‘好的,尊者。’桑布塔·沙那瓦西尊者答应了离婆多尊者。于是,离婆多尊者去了萨巴咖弥长老住的寺院。在房间里,有萨巴咖弥尊者的床位,房间门口是离婆多尊者的。离婆多尊者心想:这位长老年事已高,不会躺下睡觉了,于是自己也没有躺下。萨巴咖弥尊者也心想:这位来访的比丘很劳累,不会躺下睡觉了,于是自己也没有躺下。到了后半夜天快亮的时候,萨巴咖弥尊者起来了,对离婆多尊者说:‘贤友,你现在多数时间安住于哪种境界呢?’‘尊者,我现在多数时间安住于慈心定。’‘贤友,你现在多数时间安住的是小乘境界。这种慈心,就是小乘境界。’‘尊者,我过去在家的时侯就修习慈心,所以现在也多数安住于慈心定,不过我早已证得阿拉汉果了。’‘那么长老您,尊者,现在多数时间安住于哪种境界呢?’‘贤友,我现在多数时间安住于空定。’‘尊者,长老现在多数时间安住的是大人境界。这种空,就是大人境界。’‘贤友,我过去在家的时侯也修习空,所以现在也多数安住于空定,不过我早已证得阿拉汉果了。’就在这两位长老比丘的话语中断时,桑布塔·沙那瓦西尊者正好来到了。于是,桑布塔·沙那瓦西尊者来到萨巴咖弥尊者那里,到了之后向萨巴咖弥尊者行礼,然后坐在一边。坐在一边的桑布塔·沙那瓦西尊者对萨巴咖弥尊者这样说:‘尊者,那些毗舍离的跋耆族比丘在毗舍离宣说了十件事:角盐允许,两指允许,入村落允许,住所允许,随喜允许,习惯允许,不搅拌允许,饮非发酵酒允许,无边的坐具允许,接受金银允许。尊者,您在和尚的座下精通了许多法和律。依长老您对法和律的审视,您怎么看呢?到底是东方比丘说正法,还是巴韦亚咖比丘说正法?’‘贤友,你也在和尚的座下精通了许多法和律。依你对法和律的审视,贤友,你怎么看呢?到底是东方比丘说正法,还是巴韦亚咖比丘说正法?’‘尊者,依我对法和律的审视,我是这样认为的:东方比丘是说非法者,巴韦亚咖比丘是说正法者。但我还不打算公开这个见解,也许他们会在这次事件中推选我。’‘贤友,依我对法和律的审视,我也是这样认为的:东方比丘是说非法者,巴韦亚咖比丘是说正法者。但我也不打算公开这个见解,也许他们会在这件事中推选我。’
‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho āyasmā sambhūto sāṇavāsī āyasmato revatassa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā revato, yasmiṃ vihāre sabbakāmī thero viharati, taṃ vihāraṃ upagacchi. Gabbhe āyasmato sabbakāmissa senāsanaṃ paññattaṃ hoti, gabbhappamukhe āyasmato revatassa. Atha kho āyasmā revato – ayaṃ thero mahallako na nipajjatīti – na seyyaṃ kappesi. Āyasmā sabbakāmī – ayaṃ bhikkhu āgantuko kilanto na nipajjatīti – na seyyaṃ kappesi. Atha kho āyasmā sabbakāmī rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya āyasmantaṃ revataṃ etadavoca – ‘‘katamena tvaṃ bhūmi vihārena etarahi bahulaṃ viharasī’’ti? ‘‘Mettāvihārena kho ahaṃ , bhante, etarahi bahulaṃ viharāmī’’ti. ‘‘Kullakavihārena kira tvaṃ bhūmi etarahi bahulaṃ viharasi . Kullakavihāro eso bhūmi yadidaṃ mettā’’ti. ‘‘Pubbepi me, bhante, gihibhūtassa āciṇṇā mettā. Tenāhaṃ etarahipi mettāvihārena bahulaṃ viharāmi, api ca kho mayā cirappattaṃ arahatta’’nti. ‘‘Thero pana, bhante, katamena vihārena etarahi bahulaṃ viharatī’’ti? ‘‘Suññatāvihārena kho ahaṃ bhūmi etarahi bahulaṃ viharāmī’’ti. ‘‘Mahāpurisavihārena kira, bhante, thero etarahi bahulaṃ viharati. Mahāpurisavihāro eso, bhante, yadidaṃ suññatā’’ti. ‘‘Pubbepi me bhūmi gihibhūtassa āciṇṇā suññatā. Tenāhaṃ etarahipi suññatāvihārena bahulaṃ viharāmi, api ca mayā cirappattaṃ arahatta’’nti. Ayañcarahi therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antarākathā vippakatā, athāyasmā sambhūto sāṇavāsī tasmiṃ anuppatto hoti. Atha kho āyasmā sambhūto sāṇavāsī yenāyasmā sabbakāmī tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sabbakāmiṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sambhūto sāṇavāsī āyasmantaṃ sabbakāmiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ime, bhante, vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū vesāliyaṃ dasa vatthūni dīpenti – kappati siṅgiloṇakappo, kappati dvaṅgulakappo, kappati gāmantarakappo, kappati āvāsakappo, kappati anumatikappo, kappati āciṇṇakappo, kappati amathitakappo, kappati jaḷogiṃ , pātuṃ kappati adasakaṃ nisīdanaṃ, kappati jātarūparajatanti. Therena, bhante, upajjhāyassa mūle bahudhammo ca vinayo ca pariyatto. Therassa bhante, dhammañca vinayañca paccavekkhantassa kathaṃ hoti? Ke nu kho dhammavādino – pācīnakā vā bhikkhū, pāveyyakā vā’’ti? ‘‘Tayāpi kho, āvuso, upajjhāyassa mūle bahu dhammo ca vinayo ca pariyatto. Tuyhaṃ pana, āvuso, dhammañca vinayañca paccavekkhantassa kathaṃ hoti? Ke nu kho dhammavādino – pācīnakā vā bhikkhū, pāveyyakā vā’’ti? ‘‘Mayhaṃ kho, bhante, dhammañca vinayañca paccavekkhantassa evaṃ hoti – adhammavādī pācīnakā bhikkhū, dhammavādī pāveyyakā bhikkhūti; api cāhaṃ na tāva diṭṭhiṃ āvi karomi, appeva nāma maṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe sammanneyyā’’ti. ‘‘Mayhampi kho, āvuso, dhammañca vinayañca paccavekkhantassa evaṃ hoti – adhammavādī pācīnakā bhikkhū, dhammavādī pāveyyakā bhikkhūti; api cāhaṃ na tāva diṭṭhiṃ āvi karomi, appeva nāma maṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe sammanneyyā’’ti.
456这时,僧团为了裁决这件事而集会。在裁决这件事的过程中,生起了许多无意义的言论,没有一个人的发言要点能被清楚地理解。于是,离婆多尊者向僧团宣告说:
Atha kho saṅgho taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinicchinitukāmo sannipati. Tasmiṃ kho pana adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne anaggāni ceva bhassāni jāyanti, na cekassa bhāsitassa attho viññāyati. Atha kho āyasmā revato saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –
31“尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们正在裁决这个争议的过程中,许多不着边际的话不断生起,(在那种情况下)没有任何一个人的话能被领会其意思。如果僧团认为时机合适,请僧团通过‘裁决委员会’的方式来平息这个争议吧。”僧团挑选了四位来自东方的比丘,以及四位来自巴韦亚咖的比丘。来自东方的比丘是:萨巴咖弥尊者、萨喇尊者、库玖索毗德尊者、瓦萨巴嘎弥咖尊者;来自巴韦亚咖的比丘是:离婆多尊者、桑布塔·沙那瓦西尊者、耶舍·咖堪达咖葡达尊者和苏马纳尊者。于是,离婆多尊者向僧团宣告:
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne anaggāni ceva bhassāni jāyanti, na cekassa bhāsitassa attho viññāyati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ubbāhikāya vūpasameyyā’’ti. Saṅgho cattāro pācīnake bhikkhū, cattāro pāveyyake bhikkhū uccini. Pācīnakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – āyasmantañca sabbakāmiṃ, āyasmantañca sāḷhaṃ, āyasmantañca khujjasobhitaṃ, āyasmantañca vāsabhagāmikaṃ; pāveyyakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ – āyasmantañca revataṃ, āyasmantañca sambhūtaṃ sāṇavāsiṃ, āyasmantañca yasaṃ kākaṇḍakaputtaṃ, āyasmantañca sumananti. Atha kho āyasmā revato saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –
32“尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们正在裁决这个争议的过程中,许多不着边际的话不断生起,(在那种情况下)没有任何一个人的话能被领会其意思。如果僧团认为时机合适,僧团应当选任四位来自东方的比丘,和四位来自巴韦亚咖的比丘,组成一个裁决委员会,来平息这个争议。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne anaggāni ceva bhassāni jāyanti, na cekassa bhāsitassa attho viññāyati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho cattāro pācīnake bhikkhū, cattāro pāveyyake bhikkhū sammanneyya ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Esā ñatti.
33“尊者们,请僧团听我说。我们正在裁决这个争议的过程中,许多不着边际的话不断生起,(在那种情况下)没有任何一个人的话能被领会其意思。僧团选任四位来自东方的比丘,和四位来自巴韦亚咖的比丘,组成一个裁决委员会,来平息这个争议。哪位尊者同意这四位东方比丘和四位巴韦亚咖比丘的选任,以便组成裁决委员会来平息这个争议,请他默然;哪位不同意,请他说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Amhākaṃ imasmiṃ adhikaraṇe vinicchiyamāne anaggāni ceva bhassāni jāyanti, na cekassa bhāsitassa attho viññāyati. Saṅgho cattāro pācīnake bhikkhū, cattāro pāveyyake bhikkhū sammannati ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Yassāyasmato khamati catunnaṃ pācīnakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, catunnaṃ pāveyyakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sammuti, ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ , so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
34“僧团已经选任了四位东方比丘和四位巴韦亚咖比丘,组成裁决委员会来平息这个争议。僧团同意,因此默然。这件事我这样记录下来。”
‘‘Sammatā saṅghena cattāro pācīnakā bhikkhū, cattāro pāveyyakā bhikkhū, ubbāhikāya imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametuṃ. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
35而在那时,有一位名叫阿耆达的比丘,戒龄十年,是僧团的巴蒂摩卡诵持者。于是僧团也选任阿耆达尊者,作为长老比丘们的座位安排者。接着,长老比丘们心里想:“我们应该在哪里平息这个争议呢?”随后,长老比丘们又想:“这个瓦利咖园,是个宜人、安静、不嘈杂的地方。我们何不就在这瓦利咖园里平息这个争议呢?”
Tena kho pana samayena ajito nāma bhikkhu dasavasso saṅghassa pātimokkhuddesako hoti. Atha kho saṅgho āyasmantampi ajitaṃ sammannati – therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ āsanapaññāpakaṃ. Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kattha nu kho mayaṃ imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyyāmā’’ti? Atha kho therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho vālikārāmo ramaṇīyo appasaddo appanigghoso. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ vālikārāme imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyyāmā’’ti.
457于是,长老比丘们来到了瓦利咖园,想要裁决那个争议。接着,离婆多尊者向僧团宣告:
Atha kho therā bhikkhū vālikārāmaṃ agamaṃsu – taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinicchinitukāmā. Atha kho āyasmā revato saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –
37“尊者们,请僧团听我说。如果僧团认为时机合适,我希望能向萨巴咖弥尊者提问律藏的事情。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ āyasmantaṃ sabbakāmiṃ vinayaṃ puccheyya’’nti.
38萨巴咖弥尊者向僧团宣告:
Āyasmā sabbakāmī saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –
39“贤友们,请僧团听我说。如果僧团认为时机适当,我将回答离婆多尊者所问的律制问题。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ revatena vinayaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya’’nti.
40那时,离婆多尊者对萨巴咖弥尊者这样说:“尊者,角盐净是允许的吗?”“贤友,那角盐净是什么呢?”“尊者,允许用角器携带盐,在觉得食物无盐的地方拿来用,这是允许的吗?”“贤友,不允许。”“在哪里被禁止的?”“在沙瓦提城,《经分别》里。”“违犯什么?”“储存食物而食,犯巴吉帝亚。”
Atha kho āyasmā revato āyasmantaṃ sabbakāmiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kappati, bhante, siṅgiloṇakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, siṅgiloṇakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, siṅginā loṇaṃ pariharituṃ – yattha aloṇakaṃ bhavissati tattha paribhuñjissāmā’’ti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti? ‘‘Sāvatthiyaṃ, suttavibhaṅge’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Sannidhikārakabhojane pācittiya’’nti.
41“尊者们,请僧团听我说。这第一件事,已被僧团裁决。这桩事也是非法、非律、背离大师教法的。我以此放下第一枚筹。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
42“尊者,两指净是允许的吗?”“贤友,那两指净是什么呢?”“尊者,允许在日影过了两指长的时候,于非时进食,这是允许的吗?”“贤友,不允许。”“在哪里被禁止的?”“在王舍城,《经分别》里。”“违犯什么?”“非时食,犯巴吉帝亚。”
‘‘Kappati, bhante, dvaṅgulakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, dvaṅgulakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, dvaṅgulāya chāyāya vītivattāya vikāle bhojanaṃ bhuñjitu’’nti ? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti . ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti? ‘‘Rājagahe, suttavibhaṅge’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti? Vikālabhojane pācittiya’’nti.
43“尊者们,请僧团听我说。这第二件事,已被僧团裁决。这桩事也是非法、非律、背离大师教法的。我以此放下第二枚筹。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
44“尊者,村落间净是允许的吗?”“贤友,那村落间净是什么呢?”“尊者,允许这样想‘我将去别的村子’,然后在已经吃完了、也回拒了食物之后,再吃没有回拒过的食物,这是允许的吗?”“贤友,不允许。”“在哪里被禁止的?”“在沙瓦提城,《经分别》里。”“违犯什么?”“吃未曾回拒的食物,犯巴吉帝亚。”
‘‘Kappati, bhante, gāmantarakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, gāmantarakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante – idāni gāmantaraṃ gamissāmīti – bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjitu’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti . ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti? ‘‘Sāvatthiyaṃ, suttavibhaṅge’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Anatirittabhojane pācittiya’’nti.
45“尊者们,请僧团听我说。这第三件事,已被僧团裁决。这桩事也是非法、非律、背离大师教法的。我以此放下第三枚筹。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
46“尊者,住处净是允许的吗?”“贤友,那住处净是什么呢?”“尊者,允许多个住处划为同一界,而各自作布萨,这是允许的吗?”“贤友,不允许。”“在哪里被禁止的?”“在王舍城,《布萨犍度》里。”“违犯什么?”“违越律制,犯恶作。”
‘‘Kappati , bhante, āvāsakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, āvāsakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati bhante, sambahulā āvāsā samānasīmā nānuposathaṃ kātu’’nti. ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti . ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti? ‘‘Rājagahe, uposathasaṃyutte’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Vinayātisāre dukkaṭa’’nti.
47大德,请僧团听我说:这第四件事,僧团已经裁定了。这件事属于非法、非律、背离导师的教法。我投下这第四支筹。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ catutthaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ catutthaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
48‘大德,随喜净是允许的吗?’‘贤友,什么是随喜净呢?’‘大德,由一个团体不全的僧团先作羯磨,之后来的比丘们通过随喜来认可,这样是允许的吗?’‘贤友,这是不允许的。’‘在哪里被禁止呢?’‘在瞻波城的律藏事中。’‘违犯什么罪呢?’‘违犯律制,恶作。’
‘‘Kappati, bhante, anumatikappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, anumatikappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, vaggena saṅghena kammaṃ kātuṃ – āgate bhikkhū anumānessāmā’’ti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti . ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti? ‘‘Campeyyake, vinayavatthusmi’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Vinayātisāre dukkaṭa’’nti.
49大德,请僧团听我说:这第五件事,僧团已经裁定了。这件事属于非法、非律、背离导师的教法。我投下这第五支筹。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
50‘大德,习惯净是允许的吗?’‘贤友,什么是习惯净呢?’‘大德,有人说:这是我和尚所习惯做的,这是我老师所习惯做的,我就照着这样去做。这样是允许的吗?’‘贤友,习惯净,一部分是允许的,一部分是不允许的。’
‘‘Kappati, bhante, āciṇṇakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, āciṇṇakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante – idaṃ me upajjhāyena ajjhāciṇṇaṃ, idaṃ me ācariyena ajjhāciṇṇaṃ – taṃ ajjhācaritu’’nti? ‘‘Āciṇṇakappo kho, āvuso, ekacco kappati, ekacco na kappatī’’ti.
51大德,请僧团听我说:这第六件事,僧团已经裁定了。这件事属于非法、非律、背离导师的教法。我投下这第六支筹。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ . Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
52‘大德,未搅乳净是允许的吗?’‘贤友,什么是未搅乳净呢?’‘大德,那种已经失去奶的性质、但还没有变成酪的奶,已经吃饱并谢绝了食物的比丘,喝这种没有经过残食处理的奶,是允许的吗?’‘贤友,这是不允许的。’‘在哪里被禁止呢?’‘在舍卫城的经分别中。’‘违犯什么罪呢?’‘非残食而食,波逸提。’
‘‘Kappati , bhante, amathitakappo’’ti? ‘‘Ko so, āvuso, amathitakappo’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, yaṃ taṃ khīraṃ khīrabhāvaṃ vijahitaṃ, asampattaṃ dadhibhāvaṃ, taṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ pātu’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti . ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti? ‘‘Sāvatthiyaṃ, suttavibhaṅge’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Anatirittabhojane pācittiya’’nti.
53大德,请僧团听我说:这第七件事,僧团已经裁定了。这件事属于非法、非律、背离导师的教法。我投下这第七支筹。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ sattamaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ sattamaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
54‘大德,饮未成酒是允许的吗?’‘贤友,什么是未成酒呢?’‘大德,那种已经酿造、但还没有达到酒性的饮料,喝了是允许的吗?’‘贤友,这是不允许的。’‘在哪里被禁止呢?’‘在憍赏弥的经分别中。’‘违犯什么罪呢?’‘饮酒戒,波逸提。’
‘‘Kappati, bhante, jaḷogiṃ pātu’’nti? ‘‘Kā sā, āvuso, jaḷogī’’ti? ‘‘Kappati, bhante, yā sā surā āsutā asampattā majjabhāvaṃ, sā pātu’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti . ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti? ‘‘Kosambiyaṃ, suttavibhaṅge’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti. ‘‘Surāmerayapāne pācittiya’’nti.
55“尊者,请僧团听我说。这第八件事已经由僧团裁决了。这件事同样非法、非律、背离导师的教法。我为此第八件事投下一筹。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
56“‘尊者,不合尺寸的坐具是允许的吗?’‘贤友,不允许。’‘在何处被禁止?’‘在沙瓦提城,在《经分别》中。’‘犯什么罪?’‘需要剪裁坐具的巴吉帝亚罪。’”
‘‘Kappati, bhante, adasakaṃ nisīdana’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti . ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti? ‘‘Sāvatthiyaṃ, suttavibhaṅge’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Chedanake pācittiya’’nti.
57“尊者,请僧团听我说。这第九件事已经由僧团裁决了。这件事同样非法、非律、背离导师的教法。我为此第九件事投下一筹。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ navamaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ navamaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi’’.
58“‘尊者,金银是允许的吗?’‘贤友,不允许。’‘在何处被禁止?’‘在王舍城,在《经分别》中。’‘犯什么罪?’‘接受金银的巴吉帝亚罪。’”
‘‘Kappati, bhante, jātarūparajata’’nti? ‘‘Nāvuso, kappatī’’ti . ‘‘Kattha paṭikkhitta’’nti. ‘‘Rājagahe, suttavibhaṅge’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ āpajjatī’’ti? ‘‘Jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇe pācittiya’’nti.
59“尊者,请僧团听我说。这第十件事已经由僧团裁决了。这件事同样非法、非律、背离导师的教法。我为此第十件事投下一筹。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Idaṃ dasamaṃ vatthu saṅghena vinicchitaṃ. Itipidaṃ vatthu uddhammaṃ, ubbinayaṃ, apagatasatthusāsanaṃ. Idaṃ dasamaṃ salākaṃ nikkhipāmi.
60“尊者,请僧团听我说。这十件事已经由僧团裁决了。这十件事都是非法、非律、背离导师教法的。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Imāni dasa vatthūni saṅghena vinicchitāni. Itipimāni dasavatthūni uddhammāni, ubbinayāni, apagatasatthusāsanānī’’ti.
458“贤友,这项纷争已经被消除了,它宁静了、平息了、彻底平息了。不过,贤友,为了提醒那些比丘,你在僧团中也可以再问我这十件事。”于是,离婆多尊者在僧团中就这十件事询问了萨巴咖弥尊者。每被问一次,萨巴咖弥尊者都予以回答。而这次律的结集,有整整七百位比丘,不多不少,因此,这次律的结集被称为“七百结集”。
‘‘Nihatametaṃ, āvuso, adhikaraṇaṃ, santaṃ vūpasantaṃ suvūpasantaṃ. Api ca maṃ tvaṃ, āvuso, saṅghamajjhepi imāni dasa vatthūni puccheyyāsi – tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ saññattiyā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā revato āyasmantaṃ sabbakāmiṃ saṅghamajjhepi imāni dasa vatthūni pucchi. Puṭṭho puṭṭho āyasmā sabbakāmī vissajjesi. Imāya kho pana vinayasaṅgītiyā satta bhikkhusatāni anūnāni anadhikāni ahesuṃ, tasmāyaṃ vinayasaṅgīti ‘‘sattasatikā’’ti vuccatīti.
75第二诵品完
Dutiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
76七百篇第十二
Sattasatikakkhandhako dvādasamo.
77此篇中有二十五事
Imamhi khandhake vatthū pañcavīsati.
78其偈颂
Tassuddānaṃ –
79“完成了十件事之后,通过使者进行了羯磨。”
Dasa vatthūni pūretvā, kammaṃ dūtena pāvisi;
80再有四事与形色,憍赏弥与巴韦亚咖。
Cattāro puna rūpañca, kosambi ca pāveyyako.
81路途经索勒亚、桑咖沙,曲女城和优昙婆罗;
Maggo soreyyaṃ saṅkassaṃ, kaṇṇakujjaṃ udumbaraṃ;
82萨哈迦帝与玛杰西中,我们究竟听闻了什么?
Sahajāti ca majjhesi, assosi kaṃ nu kho mayaṃ.
83乘船往至优迦维,密引指导而相会;
Pattanāvāya ujjavi, rahosi upanāmayaṃ ;
84长老僧团赴毗舍离,慈心之众为仲裁者。
Garu saṅgho ca vesāliṃ, mettā saṅgho ubbāhikāti.
85七百篇完
Sattasatikakkhandhako niṭṭhito.
86小品完
Cūḷavaggo niṭṭhito.
87小品部完
Cūḷavaggapāḷi niṭṭhitā.