6. 药篇
16. 药篇
6. Bhesajjakkhandhako
2160. 五种药论
160. Pañcabhesajjakathā
260那时，世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时，诸比丘为秋季疾病所侵扰，所饮之粥皆呕出，所食之饭亦呕出。由此，他们形体消瘦，容颜憔悴，面色萎黄，肤色暗沉，筋脉浮现，遍布全身。世尊见到那些比丘形体消瘦、容颜憔悴、面色萎黄、肤色暗沉、筋脉浮现遍布全身的样子，便问具寿阿难：“阿难，如今诸比丘为何如此形体消瘦、容颜憔悴、面色萎黄、肤色暗沉、筋脉浮现遍布全身呢？”“尊者，现今诸比丘为秋季疾病所侵扰，所饮之粥皆呕出，所食之饭亦呕出。由此，他们形体消瘦，容颜憔悴，面色萎黄，肤色暗沉，筋脉浮现，遍布全身。”那时，世尊独处静坐时，内心生起如是思惟：“现今诸比丘为秋季疾病所侵扰，所饮之粥皆呕出，所食之饭亦呕出。由此，他们形体消瘦，容颜憔悴，面色萎黄，肤色暗沉，筋脉浮现，遍布全身。我当允许诸比丘何种药呢？此药应既是药物，又是世间所认可之药，能充作食物，却不显为粗劣之食。”接着，世尊心中作如是念：“有此五种药，即：熟酥、生酥、油、蜂蜜、糖浆。此等既是药物，又为世间所认可之药，能充作食物，却不显为粗劣之食。我何不允许诸比丘此五种药，于适宜时受取，于适宜时服用？”之后，世尊于傍晚时分从静坐起身，以此因缘、以此事由，作过法语开示后，对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，我方才独处静坐时，内心生起如是思惟……（中略）……诸比丘，我允许此五种药，于适宜时受取，于适宜时服用。”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhānaṃ yāgupi pītā uggacchati, bhattampi bhuttaṃ uggacchati. Te tena kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā. Addasā kho bhagavā te bhikkhū kise lūkhe dubbaṇṇe uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajāte dhamanisanthatagatte, disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, ānanda, etarahi bhikkhū kisā, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā’’ti? ‘‘Etarahi, bhante, bhikkhūnaṃ sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhānaṃ yāgupi pītā uggacchati, bhattampi bhuttaṃ uggacchati. Te tena kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘etarahi kho bhikkhūnaṃ sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhānaṃ yāgupi pītā uggacchati, bhattampi bhuttaṃ uggacchati. Te tena kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bhesajjaṃ anujāneyyaṃ, yaṃ bhesajjañceva assa bhesajjasammatañca lokassa, āhāratthañca phareyya, na ca oḷāriko āhāro paññāyeyyā’’ti? Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘imāni kho pañca bhesajjāni, seyyathidaṃ – sappi, navanītaṃ, telaṃ, madhu, phāṇitaṃ; bhesajjāni ceva bhesajjasammatāni ca lokassa, āhāratthañca pharanti, na ca oḷāriko āhāro paññāyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ imāni pañca bhesajjāni anujāneyyaṃ, kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjitu’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘idha mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘etarahi kho bhikkhūnaṃ sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhānaṃ yāgupi pītā uggacchati, bhattampi bhuttaṃ uggacchati. Te tena kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bhesajjaṃ anujāneyyaṃ, yaṃ bhesajjañceva assa bhesajjasammatañca lokassa, āhāratthañca phareyya, na ca oḷāriko āhāro paññāyeyyā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi ‘imāni kho pañca bhesajjāni , seyyathidaṃ – sappi, navanītaṃ, telaṃ, madhu, phāṇitaṃ; bhesajjāni ceva bhesajjasammatāni ca lokassa, āhāratthañca pharanti, na ca oḷāriko āhāro paññāyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ imāni pañca bhesajjāni anujāneyyaṃ, kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjitu’nti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāni pañca bhesajjāni kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjitu’’nti.
261那时，诸比丘将那五种药于适时受取后，在适时服用。他们连原本粗糙的食物都难以下咽，更何况精心烹调的美味。他们既受秋季病的侵袭，又加上饮食不畅，在这双重影响下，变得更加消瘦、憔悴，面目枯槁，肤色暗黄，筋脉浮现遍布全身。世尊看见那些比丘体型消瘦、面容憔悴、肤色暗黄、筋脉浮现遍布全身，便问具寿阿难：“阿难，为什么现在诸比丘变得如此消瘦憔悴、面目枯槁、肤色暗黄、筋脉浮现遍布全身呢？”“尊者，如今诸比丘将那五种药于适时受取后，在适时服用。他们连原本粗糙的食物都难以下咽，更何况精心烹调的美味。他们既受秋季病的侵袭，又加上饮食不畅，在这双重影响下，变得更加消瘦、憔悴，面目枯槁，肤色暗黄，筋脉浮现遍布全身。”世尊以此因缘、此事由，作了一番法语开示后，对比丘们说：“诸比丘，我允许你们受取那五种药之后，无论适时或非时，皆可服用。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū tāni pañca bhesajjāni kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjanti. Tesaṃ yānipi tāni pākatikāni lūkhāni bhojanāni tānipi nacchādenti, pageva senesitāni . Te tena ceva sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhā, iminā ca bhattācchādakena , tadubhayena bhiyyosomattāya kisā honti, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā. Addasā kho bhagavā te bhikkhū bhiyyosomattāya kise lūkhe dubbaṇṇe uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajāte dhamanisanthatagatte, disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, ānanda, etarahi bhikkhū bhiyyosomattāya kisā, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā’’ti? ‘‘Etarahi, bhante, bhikkhū tāni ca pañca bhesajjāni kāle paṭiggahetvā kāle paribhuñjanti. Tesaṃ yānipi tāni pākatikāni lūkhāni bhojanāni tānipi nacchādenti, pageva senesikāni. Te tena ceva sāradikena ābādhena phuṭṭhā, iminā ca bhattācchādakena, tadubhayena bhiyyosomattāya kisā, lūkhā, dubbaṇṇā, uppaṇḍuppaṇḍukajātā, dhamanisanthatagattā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāni pañca bhesajjāni paṭiggahetvā kālepi vikālepi paribhuñjitu’’nti.
262那时，有些患病比丘需用油脂类的药。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说道：“诸比丘，我允许这些油脂作为药——熊油、鱼油、鳄鱼油、猪油、驴油——在适时受取、适时煎熬、适时混合后，作为油服用。诸比丘，若在非时受取、非时煎熬、非时混合而服用，犯三恶作。诸比丘，若在适时受取、非时煎熬、非时混合而服用，犯二恶作。诸比丘，若在适时受取、适时煎熬、非时混合而服用，犯一恶作。诸比丘，若在适时受取、适时煎熬、适时混合而服用，则不犯。”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vasehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vasāni bhesajjāni – acchavasaṃ, macchavasaṃ, susukāvasaṃ , sūkaravasaṃ, gadrabhavasaṃ – kāle paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ kāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ telaparibhogena paribhuñjituṃ. Vikāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ vikāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti tiṇṇaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ vikāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ vikāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Kāle ce, bhikkhave, paṭiggahitaṃ kāle nippakkaṃ kāle saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ ce paribhuñjeyya, anāpattīti.
6五种药论完
Pañcabhesajjakathā niṭṭhitā.
7161. 根等药论
161. Mūlādibhesajjakathā
263那时，有患病比丘需用根类药。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说道：“诸比丘，我允许这些根作为药——姜黄、生姜、菖蒲、菖蒲根、阿提毘沙、苦味龙胆、香茅、巴达穆达咖，以及其他任何存在的根类药材——它们既不属嚼食，也不属啖食，受取之后可终生保存；有需要时即可服用。若无需要而服用者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mūlehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, mūlāni bhesajjāni – haliddiṃ, siṅgiveraṃ, vacaṃ, vacatthaṃ , ativisaṃ, kaṭukarohiṇiṃ, usīraṃ, bhaddamuttakaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi mūlāni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti, tāni – paṭiggahetvā yāvajīvaṃ pariharituṃ; sati paccaye paribhuñjituṃ. Asati paccaye paribhuñjantassa āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
5那时，生病的比丘们需要根药粉。他们以此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许研钵与小研钵。”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mūlehi bhesajjehi piṭṭhehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, nisadaṃ nisadapotakanti.
6那时，生病的比丘们需要煎汁类药材。他们以此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许这些煎汁作为药：苦楝煎汁、库达佳煎汁、巴多拉煎汁、帕嘎瓦煎汁、纳达玛拉煎汁，以及其他任何既不用作嚼食、也不用作啖食的煎汁药材。受取后，可终生保存；有需要时服用。若无需要而服用者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kasāvehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kasāvāni bhesajjāni – nimbakasāvaṃ, kuṭajakasāvaṃ, paṭolakasāvaṃ, phaggavakasāvaṃ, nattamālakasāvaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi kasāvāni bhesajjāni neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti, tāni – paṭiggahetvā yāvajīvaṃ pariharituṃ; sati paccaye paribhuñjituṃ. Asati paccaye paribhuñjantassa āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
7那时，生病的比丘们需要叶类药。他们以此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许这些叶作为药：苦楝叶、库达佳叶、巴多拉叶、苏拉西叶、棉叶，以及其他任何既不用作嚼食、也不用作啖食的叶类药材……（中略）……”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṇṇehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave , paṇṇāni bhesajjāni – nimbapaṇṇaṃ, kuṭajapaṇṇaṃ, paṭolapaṇṇaṃ, sulasipaṇṇaṃ, kappāsapaṇṇaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi paṇṇāni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti…pe….
8那时，患病比丘们需要果药。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许以这些果为药——毕朗伽、荜茇、胡椒、诃子、毘鞞得迦、阿摩勒、郭塔果，以及其他任何可作药的果类。这些果不属嚼食，也不属啖食……（中略）……”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ phalehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phalāni bhesajjāni – bilaṅgaṃ, pippaliṃ, maricaṃ, harītakaṃ, vibhītakaṃ, āmalakaṃ, goṭṭhaphalaṃ , yāni vā panaññānipi atthi phalāni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti…pe….
9那时，患病比丘们需要树脂类药。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许以这些树脂为药——阿魏、阿魏胶、阿魏制剂、松节膏、松节叶、松节片、天然矿沥青，以及其他任何可作药的树脂。这些树脂不属嚼食，也不属啖食……（中略）……”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ jatūhi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, jatūni bhesajjāni – hiṅguṃ, hiṅgujatuṃ, hiṅgusipāṭikaṃ, takaṃ, takapattiṃ, takapaṇṇiṃ , sajjulasaṃ, yāni vā panaññānipi atthi jatūni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti…pe….
10那时，有患病的比丘们需要以盐入药。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许以此作为药物——海盐、黑盐、岩盐、自然析出的盐、红盐，以及任何其他可作为药用的盐类。这些盐，既不会在硬食中起硬食的作用，也不会在软食中起软食的作用。受取之后，终身皆可保存；有因缘时可取用。若无因缘而取用者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ loṇehi bhesajjehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, loṇāni bhesajjāni – sāmuddaṃ, kāḷaloṇaṃ, sindhavaṃ, ubbhidaṃ , bilaṃ , yāni vā panaññānipi atthi loṇāni bhesajjāni, neva khādanīye khādanīyatthaṃ pharanti, na bhojanīye bhojanīyatthaṃ pharanti, tāni – paṭiggahetvā yāvajīvaṃ pariharituṃ; sati paccaye paribhuñjituṃ. Asati paccaye paribhuñjantassa āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
264那时，具寿阿难的亲教师——具寿贝拉他西萨，罹患了严重的粗皮肤病。他的袈裟被脓液粘在身上。诸比丘反复用水浸湿袈裟，再将它拉开。世尊巡察房舍时，看见那些比丘正用水浸湿袈裟并拉开，便走近前去，对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，这位比丘患了什么病？”诸比丘回答：“尊者，这位具寿罹患了严重的粗皮肤病，袈裟被脓液粘在身上，所以我们用水浸湿后再拉开。”世尊说：“诸比丘，凡是患有瘙痒、疮、流脓、严重的粗皮肤病，或身体发出恶臭者，我允许使用粉状药物。无病的比丘，可以使用干粪、陶土与煮过的染料水。诸比丘，我还允许使用捣臼和杵。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa upajjhāyassa āyasmato belaṭṭhasīsassa thullakacchābādho hoti. Tassa lasikāya cīvarāni kāye lagganti, tāni bhikkhū udakena temetvā temetvā apakaḍḍhanti. Addasā kho bhagavā senāsanacārikaṃ āhiṇḍanto te bhikkhū tāni cīvarāni udakena temetvā temetvā apakaḍḍhante, disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ imassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ābādho’’ti? ‘‘Imassa, bhante, āyasmato thullakacchābādho, lasikāya cīvarāni kāye lagganti, tāni mayaṃ udakena temetvā temetvā apakaḍḍhāmā’’ti . Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yassa kaṇḍu vā, piḷakā vā, assāvo vā, thullakacchu vā ābādho, kāyo vā duggandho, cuṇṇāni bhesajjāni; agilānassa chakaṇaṃ mattikaṃ rajananippakkaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udukkhalaṃ musala’’nti.
12那时，病中的比丘们需要用筛过的粉末药物。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用粉筛。”后来需要更细的药粉，比丘们又禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用布筛。”
Tena kho pana samayena gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ cuṇṇehi bhesajjehi cālitehi attho hoti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cuṇṇacālininti. Saṇhehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dussacālininti.
13那时，有一位比丘患了非人病。他的亲教师与老师照顾他，却未能将他治好。这位比丘便自己前往屠猪场，吃了生肉，喝了生血，非人病随即平息。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，若患非人病，我允许食用生肉、饮生血。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno amanussikābādho hoti. Taṃ ācariyupajjhāyā upaṭṭhahantā nāsakkhiṃsu arogaṃ kātuṃ. So sūkarasūnaṃ gantvā āmakamaṃsaṃ khādi, āmakalohitaṃ pivi . Tassa so amanussikābādho paṭippassambhi. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, amanussikābādhe āmakamaṃsaṃ āmakalohitanti.
265那时，有一位比丘患了眼病。比丘们扶着他，带他出外大小便。世尊巡看房舍时，见到那些比丘正扶着那位比丘大小便。世尊便走上前去，问那些比丘道：“诸比丘，这位比丘得了什么病？”“尊者，这位具寿患了眼病，我们得扶着他出外大小便。”于是，世尊以此因缘、此事缘开示法义后，对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，我允许使用眼药——黑眼药、味眼药、经眼药、赭石，以及铜钵盖。”他们需要研调眼药的板子。比丘们便将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用檀香、伽罗香、黑色须芒草、塔利树叶、广山姜。”当时，比丘们把粉末状的眼药放在碗里、碟里，结果被碎草和灰尘沾污。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用专门装眼药的容器。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno cakkhurogābādho hoti. Taṃ bhikkhū pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmenti. Addasā kho bhagavā senāsanacārikaṃ āhiṇḍanto te bhikkhū taṃ bhikkhuṃ pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmente, disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ imassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ābādho’’ti? ‘‘Imassa, bhante, āyasmato cakkhurogābādho. Imaṃ mayaṃ pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmemā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjanaṃ – kāḷañjanaṃ, rasañjanaṃ, sotañjanaṃ, gerukaṃ, kapalla’’nti. Añjanūpapisanehi attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, candanaṃ, tagaraṃ, kāḷānusāriyaṃ, tālīsaṃ, bhaddamuttakanti. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū piṭṭhāni añjanāni carukesupi sarāvakesupi nikkhipanti; tiṇacuṇṇehipi paṃsukehipi okiriyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjaninti.
15那时，六群比丘使用了各式各样材料制成的眼药容器——金制的、银制的。人们批评、非难、讥嫌说：“简直就像在家的享乐者！”比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应使用种种材料制成的眼药容器，无论高贵还是低劣。若使用者，犯恶作。诸比丘，我允许用骨、象牙、角、芦苇、竹、木、树脂、果壳、金属、螺钿所制成的容器。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacā añjaniyo dhārenti – sovaṇṇamayaṃ, rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā añjanī dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ, dantamayaṃ, visāṇamayaṃ, naḷamayaṃ, veḷumayaṃ, kaṭṭhamayaṃ, jatumayaṃ, phalamayaṃ, lohamayaṃ, saṅkhanābhimayanti.
16那时，眼药容器没有盖子，被碎草和灰尘沾污了。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许配用盖子。”盖子掉下来，比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用线把盖子绑住，再系在容器上。”容器裂了，比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许用线将它缝起来。”
Tena kho pana samayena añjaniyo apārutā honti, tiṇacuṇṇehipi paṃsukehipi okiriyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apidhānanti. Apidhānaṃ nipatati . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, suttakena bandhitvā añjaniyā bandhitunti. Añjanī phalati . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, suttakena sibbetunti.
17那时，诸比丘用手指涂抹眼药，眼睛因此疼痛。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用眼药棒。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū aṅguliyā añjanti, akkhīni dukkhāni honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjanisalākanti.
18那时，六群比丘持有各式各样的眼药棒——金制的、银制的。人们讥嫌、批评、非议说：“就像在家人享受欲乐一样。”他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不可持有各式各样的眼药棒。若有人持有，犯恶作。诸比丘，我允许使用骨制的……乃至……砗磲制的眼药棒。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacā añjanisalākāyo dhārenti – sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti, ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā añjanisalākā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ…pe… saṅkhanābhimayanti.
19那时，眼药棒掉落在地上，变得粗糙。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许使用棒套。”
Tena kho pana samayena añjanisalākā bhūmiyaṃ patitā pharusā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, salākaṭhāniyanti .
20那时，比丘们用手拿着眼药盒和眼药棒。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许使用眼药袋。”可袋子没有肩带。他们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许使用肩带和系绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū añjanimpi añjanisalākampi hatthena pariharanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, añjanitthavikanti. Aṃsabaddhako na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṃsabaddhakaṃ bandhanasuttakanti.
266那时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉头部发热。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许头部涂油。”但仍未好转。他们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许作鼻疗法。”鼻液滴淌出来。他们再将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许使用鼻管。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa sīsābhitāpo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, muddhani telakanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, natthukammanti. Natthu galati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, natthukaraṇinti.
22那时，六群比丘持有种种高下不等的鼻管——有金的、有银的。众人讥嫌、批评、非议道：“简直像在家人受用欲乐一样。”他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不许持有种种高下不等的鼻管。若有人持用，犯恶作。诸比丘，允许使用骨制……乃至砗磲所制的鼻管。”他们滴入鼻液时不均匀。他们再将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许使用双管鼻管。”仍未解决。他们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许熏烟。”他们直接贴着灯芯吸烟，喉咙被灼痛。他们再将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许使用烟管。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacā natthukaraṇiyo dhārenti – sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti, ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacā natthukaraṇī dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ…pe… saṅkhanābhimayanti. Natthuṃ visamaṃ āsiñcanti . Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave , yamakanatthukaraṇinti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhūmaṃ pātunti. Taññeva vaṭṭiṃ ālimpetvā pivanti , kaṇṭho dahati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhūmanettanti.
23那时，六群比丘持有种种贵重烟管——有金的、有银的。人们讥嫌、批评、非议说：“和在家人受用欲乐没什么两样！”他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不得持有种种贵重烟管。若有人持用，犯恶作。我允许……”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāvacāni dhūmanettāni dhārenti – sovaṇṇamayaṃ rūpiyamayaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhoginoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāvacāni dhūmanettāni dhāretabbāni. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhimayaṃ…pe… saṅkhanābhimayanti.
24那时，烟管没有盖子，小虫爬了进去。他们禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许加一个盖子。”
Tena kho pana samayena dhūmanettāni apārutāni honti, pāṇakā pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apidhānanti.
25那时，比丘们用手拿着烟管。他们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许使用烟管袋。”烟管彼此刮擦受损。他们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许使用双格袋。”袋子没有肩带。他们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许肩带和系绳。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dhūmanettāni hatthena pariharanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dhūmanettathavikanti. Ekato ghaṃsiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yamakathavikanti. Aṃsabaddhako na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṃsabaddhakaṃ bandhanasuttakanti.
267那时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉患了风病。医生们说：“应熬制药油。”他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许熬制药油。”然而，熬制药油时需加入酒。他们又禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许在熬制的药油中加入酒。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa vātābādho hoti. Vejjā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘telaṃ pacitabba’’nti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, telapākanti. Tasmiṃ kho pana telapāke majjaṃ pakkhipitabbaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, telapāke majjaṃ pakkhipitunti.
27那时，六群比丘熬制了酒分过多的油，饮后便醉了。他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应饮用酒分过多的油。若有人饮用，应依律处理。诸比丘，我允许饮用那种在熬制的油中，酒的颜色、气味和味道都无从察觉的油。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atipakkhittamajjāni telāni pacanti, tāni pivitvā majjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, atipakkhittamajjaṃ telaṃ pātabbaṃ. Yo piveyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ telapāke majjassa na vaṇṇo na gandho na raso paññāyati, evarūpaṃ majjapakkhittaṃ telaṃ pātunti.
28那时，诸比丘熬好了大量酒分过多的油。于是诸比丘心想：“这酒分过多的油，该如何处理？”他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许将其决意为外敷用油。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ bahuṃ atipakkhittamajjaṃ telaṃ pakkaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho atipakkhittamajje tele paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, abbhañjanaṃ adhiṭṭhātunti.
29那时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉熬制了较多的油，却没有盛油的器皿。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许三种容器：金属容器、木容器、果容器。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa bahutaraṃ telaṃ pakkaṃ hoti, telabhājanaṃ na vijjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tīṇi tumbāni – lohatumbaṃ, kaṭṭhatumbaṃ, phalatumbanti.
30那时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉患了手足风湿症。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许发汗治疗。”但病情未见好转。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许药草蒸气浴。”病情仍未见好转。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许大发汗疗法。”病情仍未见好转。比丘们再将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许热药水疗法。”病情还是未见好转。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许蒸汽浴室。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa aṅgavāto hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sedakammanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sambhārasedanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mahāsedanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhaṅgodakanti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakakoṭṭhakanti.
31那时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉患了关节风症。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许放血。”但病情未见好转。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许放血后以角吸拔。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa pabbavāto hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, lohitaṃ mocetunti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, lohitaṃ mocetvā visāṇena gāhetunti .
32那时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉双脚皴裂。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许涂抹脚油。”仍不见好转，比丘们再次禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许调配足药膏。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato pilindavacchassa pādā phalitā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādabbhañjananti. Nakkhamaniyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pajjaṃ abhisaṅkharitunti.
33那时，有位比丘患了脓肿。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许施行手术。”需要收敛药水，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许使用收敛药水。”需要芝麻膏，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许使用芝麻膏。”需要敷布，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许使用敷布。”需要包扎布，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许使用包扎布。”伤口瘙痒，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许撒芥末粉。”伤口流脓，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许作烟熏。”伤口长出赘肉，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许用盐块腐蚀切除。”伤口不愈合，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许使用伤药油。”油向下流淌，比丘们禀告世尊。“诸比丘，我允许使用一切散敷的伤口敷料。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno gaṇḍābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, satthakammanti. Kasāvodakena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kasāvodakanti. Tilakakkena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tilakakkanti. Kabaḷikāya attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kabaḷikanti. Vaṇabandhanacoḷena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vaṇabandhanacoḷanti. Vaṇo kaṇḍuvati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sāsapakuṭṭena phositunti. Vaṇo kilijjittha. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, dhūmaṃ kātunti. Vaḍḍhamaṃsaṃ vuṭṭhāti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, loṇasakkharikāya chinditunti. Vaṇo na ruhati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vaṇatelanti. Telaṃ galati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, vikāsikaṃ sabbaṃ vaṇapaṭikammanti.
268那时，有位比丘被蛇所咬。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许给予四种大污秽物：粪、尿、灰、土。”诸比丘心想：“这些是未受持的，还是应当受持呢？”他们又禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，若有净人在旁，当令其受持；若无净人在旁，可自取使用。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cattāri mahāvikaṭāni dātuṃ – gūthaṃ, muttaṃ, chārikaṃ, mattikanti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘appaṭiggahitāni nu kho udāhu paṭiggahetabbānī’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sati kappiyakārake paṭiggahāpetuṃ, asati kappiyakārake sāmaṃ gahetvā paribhuñjitunti.
35那时，有位比丘饮下了毒药。诸比丘将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许给他灌饮粪汁。”当时，诸比丘心想：“此物是未受持的，还是应当受持？”他们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，正在排泄的人在接受时，便已受持；既已受持，就不需要再受持了。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena bhikkhunā visaṃ pītaṃ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi bhikkhave gūthaṃ pāyetunti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘appaṭiggahitaṃ nu kho udāhu paṭiggahetabbo’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ karonto paṭiggaṇhāti, sveva paṭiggaho kato, na puna paṭiggahetabboti.
269那时，有位比丘因服药而致病。诸比丘将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许给他饮犁泥水。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno gharadinnakābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sītāloḷiṃ pāyetunti.
37那时，有位比丘患了消化不良，腹部发硬。诸比丘将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许给他饮含食物成分的碱水。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu duṭṭhagahaṇiko hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āmisakhāraṃ pāyetunti.
38那时，有一位比丘罹患黄疸病。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许他饮用牛尿浸泡的诃子。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno paṇḍurogābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, muttaharītakaṃ pāyetunti.
39那时，有一位比丘身患皮肤病。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许涂用香膏。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno chavidosābādho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gandhālepaṃ kātunti.
40那时，有一位比丘体内壅滞不净。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许服用泻药。”那位比丘需要清粥，比丘们又禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许清粥。”需要绿豆汤，比丘们禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许绿豆汤。”需要油绿豆汤，比丘们禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许油绿豆汤。”需要肉汤，比丘们禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许肉汤。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu abhisannakāyo hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, virecanaṃ pātunti. Acchakañjiyā attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, acchakañjinti. Akaṭayūsena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, akaṭayūsanti. Kaṭākaṭena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kaṭākaṭanti. Paṭicchādanīyena attho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṭicchādanīyanti.
45根等药论完
Mūlādibhesajjakathā niṭṭhitā.
46162. 毕陵伽婆蹉事
162. Pilindavacchavatthu
270那时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉在王舍城命人平整山坡，欲建造一座洞窟。当时，摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗来至具寿毕陵伽婆蹉处。抵达后，顶礼具寿毕陵伽婆蹉，而后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗对具寿毕陵伽婆蹉说道：“尊者，长老命人在做什么？”“大王，我命人平整山坡，想要建造一座洞窟。”“尊者，尊者需要一位净人吗？”“大王，世尊尚未允许净人。”“那么，尊者，请您向世尊请问之后告知我。”具寿毕陵伽婆蹉回答摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗：“好的，大王。”随后，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉以法语开示教导、激励、鞭策，令摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗心生欢喜。摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗得具寿毕陵伽婆蹉以法语开示教导、激励、鞭策，心生欢喜后，从座而起，顶礼具寿毕陵伽婆蹉，右绕之后离去。
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā pilindavaccho rājagahe pabbhāraṃ sodhāpeti leṇaṃ kattukāmo. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro yenāyasmā pilindavaccho tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, thero kārāpetī’’ti? ‘‘Pabbhāraṃ, mahārāja, sodhāpemi, leṇaṃ kattukāmo’’ti. ‘‘Attho, bhante, ayyassa ārāmikenā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, mahārāja, bhagavatā ārāmiko anuññāto’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, bhagavantaṃ paṭipucchitvā mama āroceyyāthā’’ti. ‘Evaṃ, mahārājā’ti kho āyasmā pilindavaccho rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ seniyaṃ bimbisāraṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi, samādapesi, samuttejesi, sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmatā pilindavacchena dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito uṭṭhāyāsanā āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
42于是，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉遣人送信至世尊处，说道：“尊者，摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗意欲供养一位净人。尊者，我应当如何行事呢？”那时，世尊便依此因缘、此事，作了法义的开示之后，对比丘们说：“诸比丘，我允许有净人。”摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗第二次来到具寿毕陵伽婆蹉处，到了之后，向具寿毕陵伽婆蹉顶礼，然后在一旁坐下。坐在一旁的摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗对具寿毕陵伽婆蹉说：“尊者，世尊允许有净人了吗？”“是的，大王。”“那么，尊者，我供养一位净人予尊者。”于是，摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗应允给予具寿毕陵伽婆蹉一位净人，随后却忘记了，过了很久方才记起。他召来一位负责全面事务的大臣，问道：“我应允过给尊者一位净人，那位净人给了吗？”“大王，还没有给尊者净人。”他又问：“从那以来，已过了多久？”那位大臣计算了天数后，对摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗说：“大王，已经过了五百天。”国王便说：“既然如此，你就给尊者五百位净人吧。”那位大臣回答摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗说：“好的，大王。”于是便将五百位净人给了具寿毕陵伽婆蹉，这些净人聚集成一个单独的村庄。人们称它为“净人村”，也称它为“毕陵达村”。
Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho bhagavato santike dūtaṃ pāhesi – ‘‘rājā, bhante, māgadho seniyo bimbisāro ārāmikaṃ dātukāmo. Kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, mayā paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ārāmika’’nti. Dutiyampi kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro yenāyasmā pilindavaccho tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘anuññāto, bhante, bhagavatā ārāmiko’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, ayyassa ārāmikaṃ dammī’’ti. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmato pilindavacchassa ārāmikaṃ paṭissutvā, vissaritvā, cirena satiṃ paṭilabhitvā, aññataraṃ sabbatthakaṃ mahāmattaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘yo mayā, bhaṇe, ayyassa ārāmiko paṭissuto, dinno so ārāmiko’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, deva, ayyassa ārāmiko dinno’’ti. ‘‘Kīva ciraṃ nu kho, bhaṇe, ito hi taṃ hotī’’ti? Atha kho so mahāmatto rattiyo gaṇetvā rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ seniyaṃ bimbisāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pañca, deva, rattisatānī’’ti. Tena hi, bhaṇe, ayyassa pañca ārāmikasatāni dehīti. ‘‘Evaṃ, devā’’ti kho so mahāmatto rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa paṭissutvā āyasmato pilindavacchassa pañca ārāmikasatāni pādāsi, pāṭiyekko gāmo nivisi. ‘Ārāmikagāmakoti’pi naṃ āhaṃsu , ‘pilindagāmako’tipi naṃ āhaṃsu.
271那时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉在那个村子中受各家供养。当时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉于午前时分，着下衣，持钵与衣，进入毕陵达村托钵乞食。那时，那个村子正举办庆典，孩子们佩戴着饰物与花鬘，在那里嬉戏。具寿毕陵伽婆蹉在毕陵达村中挨家挨户次第乞食，来到一位净人的住处，到达后，坐在已为他铺设的座位上。此时，那位净人妻子的女儿，看见别的孩子都佩戴着饰物与花鬘，便哭着说：“给我花鬘，给我饰物。”于是，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉对那位净人的妻子说：“这女儿为什么哭呢？”“尊者，这女儿看见别的孩子都佩戴着饰物与花鬘，所以哭着说：‘给我花鬘，给我饰物。’我们这样贫穷的人家，哪里去得花鬘，哪里去得饰物呢？”于是，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉取来一个草环，对那位净人的妻子说：“来，把这个草环戴在你女儿的头上吧。”那位净人的妻子接过那个草环，戴在女儿的头上。草环立刻变成了一条金花鬘，极为美丽，悦目而令人喜爱，纵使国王内宫的金花鬘也不能与之相比。人们向摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗禀报说：“大王，某净人家里有一条金花鬘，极为美丽，悦目而令人喜爱，连大王内宫的金花鬘都不能与之相比。这穷人怎会有这样的东西？必定是偷来的无疑。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā pilindavaccho tasmiṃ gāmake kulūpako hoti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya pilindagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Tena kho pana samayena tasmiṃ gāmake ussavo hoti. Dārakā alaṅkatā mālākitā kīḷanti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho pilindagāmake sapadānaṃ piṇḍāya caramāno yena aññatarassa ārāmikassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Tena kho pana samayena tassā ārāmikiniyā dhītā aññe dārake alaṅkate mālākite passitvā rodati – ‘mālaṃ me detha, alaṅkāraṃ me dethā’ti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho taṃ ārāmikiniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissāyaṃ dārikā rodatī’’ti? ‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, dārikā aññe dārake alaṅkate mālākite passitvā rodati – ‘mālaṃ me detha, alaṅkāraṃ me dethā’ti. Kuto amhākaṃ duggatānaṃ mālā, kuto alaṅkāro’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho aññataraṃ tiṇaṇḍupakaṃ gahetvā taṃ ārāmikiniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘handimaṃ tiṇaṇḍupakaṃ tassā dārikāya sīse paṭimuñcā’’ti. Atha kho sā ārāmikinī taṃ tiṇaṇḍupakaṃ gahetvā tassā dārikāya sīse paṭimuñci. Sā ahosi suvaṇṇamālā abhirūpā, dassanīyā, pāsādikā; natthi tādisā raññopi antepure suvaṇṇamālā. Manussā rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa ārocesuṃ – ‘‘amukassa, deva, ārāmikassa ghare suvaṇṇamālā abhirūpā, dassanīyā, pāsādikā; natthi tādisā devassapi antepure suvaṇṇamālā; kuto tassa duggatassa? Nissaṃsayaṃ corikāya ābhatā’’ti.
44于是，摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗便下令将那净人一家都绑了起来。又有一回，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉在午前时分，穿好下衣，持钵与衣，进入毕陵达村次第乞食。他在毕陵达村中挨家挨户次第乞食，走到了那位净人的住处。到了之后，他向邻居们询问：“这净人一家去哪里了？”“尊者，就因为那条金花鬘，国王下令把他们一家都绑走了。”于是，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉便前往摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗的王宫，到了之后，在为他备好的座位上坐下。摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗来到具寿毕陵伽婆蹉跟前，顶礼之后，坐在一旁。具寿毕陵伽婆蹉对坐在一旁的摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗说道：“大王，你为何下令绑了那净人一家呢？”“尊者，那净人的家里有一条金花鬘，十分美丽、赏心悦目、令人欢喜；连我们后宫中的金花鬘都远不及它。他一介穷人，从何处得来这样的东西？毫无疑问，一定是偷来的。”这时，具寿毕陵伽婆蹉便以神通意解，令摩揭陀王斯尼耶·频毗萨罗的整座宫殿化作纯金，之后他对国王说：“那么，大王，你这里的满宫黄金，又是从何处而来呢？”国王心想：“尊者，我明白了，这必定是尊者您的神通威力。”于是，他便下令释放了那净人一家。
Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro taṃ ārāmikakulaṃ bandhāpesi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā pilindavaccho pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya pilindagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Pilindagāmake sapadānaṃ piṇḍāya caramāno yena tassa ārāmikassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paṭivissake pucchi – ‘‘kahaṃ imaṃ ārāmikakulaṃ gata’’nti? ‘‘Etissā, bhante, suvaṇṇamālāya kāraṇā raññā bandhāpita’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho yena rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro yenāyasmā pilindavaccho tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ pilindavacchaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ seniyaṃ bimbisāraṃ āyasmā pilindavaccho etadavoca – ‘‘kissa, mahārāja, ārāmikakulaṃ bandhāpita’’nti? ‘‘Tassa, bhante, ārāmikassa ghare suvaṇṇamālā abhirūpā, dassanīyā, pāsādikā; natthi tādisā amhākampi antepure suvaṇṇamālā; kuto tassa duggatassa? Nissaṃsayaṃ corikāya ābhatā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā pilindavaccho rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa pāsādaṃ suvaṇṇanti adhimucci; so ahosi sabbasovaṇṇamayo. ‘‘Idaṃ pana te, mahārāja, tāva bahuṃ suvaṇṇaṃ kuto’’ti? ‘Aññātaṃ, bhante, ayyasseveso iddhānubhāvo’ti taṃ ārāmikakulaṃ muñcāpesi.
45那时，有一位比丘患了脓肿病。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许施行外科手术。”需用收敛药水。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许使用收敛药水。”需用芝麻膏。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许使用芝麻膏。”需用敷布。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许使用敷布。”需用包扎伤口的布。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许使用包扎伤口的布。”伤口发痒。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许撒上芥末粉。”伤口流脓水。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许施行烟熏。”伤口长出多余的肉芽。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许用盐块腐蚀切除。”伤口不愈合。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许使用伤口油。”油往下流。比丘们又将此事禀告世尊。世尊这样说：“诸比丘，我允许使用一切散开覆盖的伤口护理物。”
Manussā ‘‘ayyena kira pilindavacchena sarājikāya parisāya uttarimanussadhammaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassita’’nti attamanā abhippasannā āyasmato pilindavacchassa pañca bhesajjāni abhihariṃsu, seyyathidaṃ – sappiṃ, navanītaṃ, telaṃ, madhuṃ , phāṇitaṃ. Pakatiyāpi ca āyasmā pilindavaccho lābhī hoti pañcannaṃ bhesajjānaṃ; laddhaṃ laddhaṃ parisāya vissajjeti. Parisā cassa hoti bāhullikā; laddhaṃ laddhaṃ kolambepi , ghaṭepi, pūretvā paṭisāmeti; parissāvanānipi, thavikāyopi, pūretvā vātapānesu laggeti. Tāni olīnavilīnāni tiṭṭhanti. Undūrehipi vihārā okiṇṇavikiṇṇā honti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘antokoṭṭhāgārikā ime samaṇā sakyaputtiyā , seyyathāpi rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā, te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhū evarūpāya bāhullāya cetessantī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū te anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū evarūpāya bāhullāya cetentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘yāni kho pana tāni gilānānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭisāyanīyāni bhesajjāni, seyyathidaṃ – sappi, navanītaṃ, telaṃ, madhu, phāṇitaṃ, tāni paṭiggahetvā sattāhaparamaṃ sannidhikārakaṃ paribhuñjitabbāni. Taṃ atikkāmayato yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
52毕陵伽婆蹉事完
Pilindavacchavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
53允许药诵品第一完
Bhesajjānuññātabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito paṭhamo.
54163. 允许糖等
163. Guḷādianujānanā
272世尊在舍卫城随宜住了一段时间后，便向王舍城方向游化而去。途中，具寿甘诃雷瓦达望见一处制糖作坊，走近时，看见他们把米粉和灰也掺进糖里。他见了便心生疑虑：“这糖掺入了食物，已不清净，不宜在非时食用。”于是，他及他的随众便都不食此糖。那些敬信其言的人，也都不食。众人将此事禀告世尊。世尊问：“诸比丘，他们为何要把米粉和灰掺进糖里？”“世尊，是为了让糖凝结。”世尊便说：“诸比丘，若为令糖凝结，而掺入米粉与灰，这依然叫作糖。诸比丘，我允许你们随意取食这种糖。”
Atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Addasā kho āyasmā kaṅkhārevato antarāmagge guḷakaraṇaṃ, okkamitvā guḷe piṭṭhampi chārikampi pakkhipante, disvāna ‘‘akappiyo guḷo sāmiso, na kappati guḷo vikāle paribhuñjitu’’nti kukkuccāyanto sapariso guḷaṃ na paribhuñjati. Yepissa sotabbaṃ maññanti, tepi guḷaṃ na paribhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Kimatthāya , bhikkhave, guḷe piṭṭhampi chārikampi pakkhipantīti? Thaddhatthāya bhagavāti. Sace, bhikkhave, thaddhatthāya guḷe piṭṭhampi chārikampi pakkhipanti, so ca guḷotveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yathāsukhaṃ guḷaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
47途中，具寿甘诃雷瓦达见粪便中有绿豆长出，见后便心生疑虑：“绿豆是不如法的，即便经烹煮后仍会生长。”他因心有疑虑，便与随从皆不食绿豆。那些认为他所说应当听从的人，也都不食绿豆。他们将此事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，纵使是煮过的绿豆，也仍会生长。诸比丘，我允许你们随意食用绿豆。”
Addasā kho āyasmā kaṅkhārevato antarāmagge vacce muggaṃ jātaṃ, passitvā ‘‘akappiyā muggā; pakkāpi muggā jāyantīti’’ kukkuccāyanto sapariso muggaṃ na paribhuñjati. Yepissa sotabbaṃ maññanti, tepi muggaṃ na paribhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Sace , bhikkhave, pakkāpi muggā jāyanti , anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yathāsukhaṃ muggaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
273那时，有一位比丘患腹痛病。他饮用了咸酸汁，腹痛之疾因而痊愈。他们将此事禀告了世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许患病者饮用咸酸汁；无病者，可将其与水调稀后作为饮料饮用。”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno udaravātābādho hoti. So loṇasovīrakaṃ apāyi. Tassa so udaravātābādho paṭippassambhi. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa loṇasovīrakaṃ; agilānassa udakasambhinnaṃ pānaparibhogena paribhuñjitunti.
58允许糖等完
Guḷādianujānanā niṭṭhitā.
59164. 雨中等禁止论
164. Antovuṭṭhādipaṭikkhepakathā
274那时，世尊次第游行，来到了王舍城，便住在王舍城的竹林松鼠园。就在那时，世尊患了胃风病。具寿阿难心想：“以前世尊的胃风病，用三料粥便能缓解。”于是，他自己去讨来芝麻、米和绿豆，存放在室内，又在室内亲手煮好，呈奉给世尊，说道：“世尊，请饮用三料粥。”如来们有时明知故问，有时明知而不问；他们是在恰当的时机发问，或在恰当的时机不问。如来们只问有意义的事，不问无意义的事；对于无意义的事，如来们已断除了桥梁。诸佛世尊以两种方式反问诸比丘：“我们是应当说法，还是应当为弟子们制定学处？”那时，世尊问具寿阿难：“阿难，这粥是从何处得来的？”于是，具寿阿难便将此事的缘由禀告了世尊。佛陀世尊呵责说：“阿难，此事不合宜，不随顺，不相称，非沙门所应为，不如法，不当行。阿难，你怎能从事这样的事呢？阿难，凡是存放在室内的，都不如法；凡是在室内煮的，都不如法；凡是自己亲手煮的，都不如法。阿难，这不能让未生信者生起信心……（中间省略）”世尊如此呵责之后，又作了一番开示，接着对诸比丘说道：“诸比丘，不应受用存放在室内、在室内煮、亲手煮的食物。如果受用，便犯恶作。诸比丘，如果食物是存放在室内的、在室内煮的、亲手煮的，而你们受用了它，便犯三个恶作。诸比丘，如果食物是存放在室内的、在室内煮的、由他人煮的，而你们受用了它，便犯两个恶作。诸比丘，如果食物是存放在室内的、在外面煮的、亲手煮的，而你们受用了它，便犯两个恶作。诸比丘，如果食物是存放在外面的、在室内煮的、亲手煮的，而你们受用了它，便犯两个恶作。诸比丘，如果食物是存放在室内的、在外面煮的、由他人煮的，而你们受用了它，便犯一个恶作。诸比丘，如果食物是存放在外面的、在室内煮的、由他人煮的，而你们受用了它，便犯一个恶作。诸比丘，如果食物是存放在外面的、在外面煮的、亲手煮的，而你们受用了它，便犯一个恶作。诸比丘，如果食物是存放在外面的、在外面煮的、由他人煮的，而你们受用了它，则无罪。”
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavato udaravātābādho hoti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando – ‘pubbepi bhagavato udaravātābādho tekaṭulayāguyā phāsu hotī’ti – sāmaṃ tilampi, taṇḍulampi, muggampi viññāpetvā, anto vāsetvā, anto sāmaṃ pacitvā bhagavato upanāmesi – ‘‘pivatu bhagavā tekaṭulayāgu’’nti. Jānantāpi tathāgatā pucchanti, jānantāpi na pucchanti; kālaṃ viditvā pucchanti, kālaṃ viditvā na pucchanti; atthasaṃhitaṃ tathāgatā pucchanti, no anatthasaṃhitaṃ. Anatthasaṃhite setughāto tathāgatānaṃ. Dvīhi ākārehi buddhā bhagavanto bhikkhū paṭipucchanti – dhammaṃ vā desessāma, sāvakānaṃ vā sikkhāpadaṃ paññapessāmāti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kutāyaṃ, ānanda , yāgū’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā – ‘ananucchavikaṃ, ānanda, ananulomikaṃ, appatirūpaṃ, assāmaṇakaṃ, akappiyaṃ, akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, ānanda, evarūpāya bāhullāya cetessasi. Yadapi, ānanda, anto vuṭṭhaṃ tadapi akappiyaṃ; yadapi anto pakkaṃ tadapi akappiyaṃ; yadapi sāmaṃ pakkaṃ, tadapi akappiyaṃ. Netaṃ, ānanda, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, anto vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anto ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti tiṇṇaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Anto ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, aññehi pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Anto ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, bahi pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Bahi ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dvinnaṃ dukkaṭānaṃ. Anto ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, bahi pakkaṃ, aññehi pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bahi ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, aññehi pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bahi ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, bahi pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bahi ce, bhikkhave, vuṭṭhaṃ, bahi pakkaṃ , aññehi pakkaṃ, tañce paribhuñjeyya, anāpattī’’’ti.
50那时，诸比丘因“世尊禁止自煮”，对重新加热心生疑虑。他们便将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许重新加热。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ‘‘bhagavatā sāmaṃpāko paṭikkhitto’’ti puna pāke kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, puna pākaṃ pacitunti.
51当时，王舍城闹饥荒。人们将盐、油、米和嚼食送到寺院。诸比丘把这些东西存放在外面，结果被虫子吃掉，也被盗贼偷走。他们便将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许存放于室内。”他们把食物放入室内，却仍在室外烹煮，有驯马师等在家人在旁围观。诸比丘因此心生不安，不愿受用，又将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许在室内烹煮。”在饥荒时，净人们往往把食物拿走，给诸比丘的却极少。诸比丘将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，允许自己烹煮。诸比丘，允许存放在室内、在室内烹煮、自己烹煮的食物。”
Tena kho pana samayena rājagahaṃ dubbhikkhaṃ hoti. Manussā loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi ārāmaṃ āharanti. Tāni bhikkhū bahi vāsenti; ukkapiṇḍakāpi khādanti, corāpi haranti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anto vāsetunti. Anto vāsetvā bahi pācenti. Damakā parivārenti. Bhikkhū avissaṭṭhā paribhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anto pacitunti. Dubbhikkhe kappiyakārakā bahutaraṃ haranti, appataraṃ bhikkhūnaṃ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sāmaṃ pacituṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anto vuṭṭhaṃ, anto pakkaṃ, sāmaṃ pakkanti.
63雨中等禁止论完
Antovuṭṭhādipaṭikkhepakathā niṭṭhitā.
64165. 已取的受取
165. Uggahitapaṭiggahaṇā
275那时，众多比丘在迦尸国度过雨安居后，正前往王舍城拜见世尊。沿途他们无论粗劣或精致的食物，都未能得到充分的饱足。路上有许多可嚼食的水果，却没有净人。那些疲惫的比丘到达王舍城竹林松鼠喂养处，来到世尊跟前，行礼后在一边坐下。那时，诸佛世尊的惯例是要与来住的比丘寒暄。世尊便对那些比丘说：“比丘们，身体可堪忍吗？生活还过得去吗？长途跋涉，不太疲惫吧？你们从何处来？”比丘们回答：“世尊，堪忍，还过得去。我们这些人在迦尸国度过雨安居后，前来王舍城拜见世尊。途中无论粗劣或精致的食物，都未能得到充分的饱足。当时有很多可嚼食的水果，却没有净人，所以我们走得十分疲惫。”于是，世尊以此因缘、以此事由说法后，对比丘们说：“诸比丘，若见到可嚼食的水果，又没有净人，允许自己拾取携带，见到净人后，放在地上请其受取作净，然后受用。诸比丘，允许受用这样取来的食物。”
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū kāsīsu vassaṃvuṭṭhā rājagahaṃ gacchantā bhagavantaṃ dassanāya antarāmagge na labhiṃsu lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ; bahuñca phalakhādanīyaṃ ahosi; kappiyakārako ca na ahosi. Atha kho te bhikkhū kilantarūpā yena rājagahaṃ veḷuvanaṃ kalandakanivāpo, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Āciṇṇaṃ kho panetaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ āgantukehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodituṃ. Atha kho bhagavā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘kacci , bhikkhave, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kaccittha appakilamathena addhānaṃ āgatā; kuto ca tumhe, bhikkhave, āgacchathā’’ti? ‘‘Khamanīyaṃ bhagavā, yāpanīyaṃ bhagavā. Idha mayaṃ, bhante, kāsīsu vassaṃvuṭṭhā rājagahaṃ āgacchantā bhagavantaṃ dassanāya antarāmagge na labhimhā lūkhassa vā paṇītassa vā bhojanassa yāvadatthaṃ pāripūriṃ; bahuñca phalakhādanīyaṃ ahosi; kappiyakārako ca na ahosi; tena mayaṃ kilantarūpā addhānaṃ āgatā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yattha phalakhādanīyaṃ passati, kappiyakārako ca na hoti, sāmaṃ gahetvā, haritvā, kappiyakārake passitvā, bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipitvā, paṭiggahāpetvā paribhuñjituṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uggahitaṃ paṭiggahitu’’nti.
276那时，有一位婆罗门，新收获了芝麻与蜂蜜。这位婆罗门心想：“不如我将这些新芝麻与新蜂蜜，供养给以佛陀为首的比丘僧团。”于是，他来到世尊跟前，互致问候，谈说令人欢喜、值得记念的话语之后，便站在一旁。站在一旁的婆罗门对世尊说道：“乔达摩尊者，请世尊与比丘僧团，明日接受我的饭食。”世尊默然应允。婆罗门见世尊同意，便离席而去。次日夜晚过后，那位婆罗门备办了精致的硬食与软食，然后派人去通知世尊：“乔达摩尊者，时间已到，饭食已备。”于是，世尊在上午，穿好下衣，持钵与衣，前往那位婆罗门的住处。抵达后，与比丘僧团一起，坐在敷设好的座位上。那时，婆罗门亲手以精致的硬食与软食，供奉并令以佛陀为首的比丘僧团饱足、称意。当世尊用过饭，手离钵时，那婆罗门在一边坐下。世尊为坐在一旁的婆罗门作以法义开示、教导、激励、令其欢喜后，起座离去。
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa navā ca tilā navañca madhu uppannā honti. Atha kho tassa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dadeyya’’nti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ paṭisammodi, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena . Atha kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā pakkāmi. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā, samādapetvā, samuttejetvā, sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
54世尊离去后不久，那位婆罗门心想：“我本为了以新芝麻与新蜂蜜供养以佛陀为首的比丘僧团而发出邀请，却忘了给予。不如我让人用罐和盆，把这些新芝麻与新蜂蜜送到寺院去。”于是，那婆罗门让人将新芝麻与新蜂蜜用罐盆送到寺院后，来到世尊跟前，站在一旁。站在一旁的婆罗门对世尊说：“乔达摩尊者，我本为了以新芝麻与新蜂蜜供养以佛陀为首的比丘僧团而发出邀请，却忘了给予。请乔达摩尊者收下我的这些新芝麻与新蜂蜜。”世尊说道：“那么，婆罗门，把它们分给比丘们吧。”那时，正值饥荒，即便对于少量食物，比丘们也会邀约共同受用或思量后谢绝，且整个僧团已处于谢食的状态。比丘们因此心怀疑虑，不敢接受。世尊说道：“比丘们，接受吧，受用吧。比丘们，我允许已食、已足的比丘，受用那种在饭前接受、非残食的食物。”},
{
Atha kho tassa brāhmaṇassa acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘yesaṃ kho mayā atthāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito, ‘nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ dassāmī’ti , te mayā pamuṭṭhā dātuṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ kolambehi ca ghaṭehi ca ārāmaṃ harāpeyya’’nti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ kolambehi ca ghaṭehi ca ārāmaṃ harāpetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yesaṃ kho mayā, bho gotama, atthāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito, ‘nave ca tile navañca madhuṃ dassāmī’ti, te mayā pamuṭṭhā dātuṃ. Paṭiggaṇhātu me bhavaṃ gotamo nave ca tile navañca madhu’’nti. Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhūnaṃ dehīti . Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dubbhikkhe appamattakepi pavārenti, paṭisaṅkhāpi paṭikkhipanti, sabbo ca saṅgho pavārito hoti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjatha. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tato nīhaṭaṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
68已取的受取完
Uggahitapaṭiggahaṇā niṭṭhitā.
69166. 允许已受取等
166. Paṭiggahitādianujānanā
277那时，具寿优波难陀释迦子的一户护持家庭派人送来为僧团准备的嚼食，并交代：“要先请优波难陀尊看过，再供养僧团。”那时具寿优波难陀释迦子却已入村乞食。那些人来到寺院，问诸比丘：“尊者们，优波难陀尊者在何处？”“贤友，那位具寿优波难陀释迦子入村乞食去了。”“尊者们，这些嚼食请先给优波难陀尊者过目，再供养僧团。”诸比丘将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“那么，诸比丘，你们就先收下存放，等优波难陀回来。”可是，具寿优波难陀释迦子在正午前走访了一些信家，直到白昼才回。那时正值饥馑，即使只是少量食物，诸比丘也常互相让食或思量后辞让，僧团大多已处于受食后不再受的状态。诸比丘因此生起疑虑，不敢接受。世尊告诉他们说：“诸比丘，接受吧，受用吧。诸比丘，允许已食已足的比丘，受用在午前接受的非残食。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato upanandassa sakyaputtassa upaṭṭhākakulaṃ saṅghassatthāya khādanīyaṃ pāhesi – ayyassa upanandassa dassetvā saṅghassa dātabbanti. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā upanando sakyaputto gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭho hoti . Atha kho te manussā ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhū pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kahaṃ, bhante, ayyo upanando’’ti? ‘‘Esāvuso, āyasmā upanando sakyaputto gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭho’’ti. ‘‘Idaṃ, bhante, khādanīyaṃ ayyassa upanandassa dassetvā saṅghassa dātabba’’nti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Tena hi, bhikkhave, paṭiggahetvā nikkhipatha yāva upanando āgacchatīti. Atha kho āyasmā upanando sakyaputto purebhattaṃ kulāni payirupāsitvā divā āgacchati. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dubbhikkhe appamattakepi pavārenti, paṭisaṅkhāpi paṭikkhipanti, sabbo ca saṅgho pavārito hoti, bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjatha. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
278那时，世尊在王舍城随心住了一段时间后，便向舍卫城出发游行。他一路次第游行，最终抵达了舍卫城，便住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园中。在那期间，具寿舍利弗患了身体发热的病。具寿大目犍连来到具寿舍利弗跟前，到了之后，对具寿舍利弗这样说道：“舍利弗贤友，你过去身体发热的病，是靠什么缓解的？”“贤友，是靠莲藕和莲根。”于是，具寿大目犍连犹如一位强壮的男子屈伸手臂一般，在祇树园中隐身，随即出现在曼达琪尼池的岸边。有一头龙象远远望见具寿大目犍连正朝这边走来，见后便对具寿大目犍连这样说道：“大目犍连尊者，请来这里。欢迎您，大目犍连尊者。尊者，您需要什么？让我供养您什么？”“贤友，我需要莲藕和莲根。”于是，那头龙象吩咐另一头龙象说：“那么，来，请供养尊者足够的莲藕和莲根。”那头龙象便潜入曼达琪尼池，用鼻子拔取莲藕和莲根，仔细清洗干净后捆好，然后来到具寿大目犍连跟前。那时，具寿大目犍连犹如一位强壮的男子屈伸手臂一般，在曼达琪尼池的岸边隐身，随即出现在祇树园中。那头龙象同样在曼达琪尼池的岸边隐身，随即出现在祇树园中。然后，那头龙象将莲藕和莲根供养具寿大目犍连之后，便在祇树园中隐身消失了。
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato sāriputtassa kāyaḍāhābādho hoti. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pubbe te, āvuso sāriputta, kāyaḍāhābādho kena phāsu hotī’’ti? ‘‘Bhisehi ca me, āvuso , muḷālikāhi cā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso sammiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva jetavane antarahito mandākiniyā pokkharaṇiyā tīre pāturahosi. Addasā kho aññataro nāgo āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etu kho, bhante, ayyo mahāmoggallāno. Svāgataṃ, bhante, ayyassa mahāmoggallānassa. Kena, bhante, ayyassa attho; kiṃ dammī’’ti? ‘‘Bhisehi ca me, āvuso, attho, muḷālikāhi cā’’ti. Atha kho so nāgo aññataraṃ nāgaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, ayyassa bhise ca muḷālikāyo ca yāvadatthaṃ dehī’’ti. Atha kho so nāgo mandākiniṃ pokkharaṇiṃ ogāhetvā, soṇḍāya bhisañca muḷālikañca abbāhitvā, suvikkhālitaṃ vikkhāletvā, bhaṇḍikaṃ bandhitvā yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva – mandākiniyā pokkharaṇiyā tīre antarahito jetavane pāturahosi. Sopi kho nāgo mandākiniyā pokkharaṇiyā tīre antarahito jetavane pāturahosi. Atha kho so nāgo āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa bhise ca muḷālikāyo ca paṭiggahāpetvā jetavane antarahito mandākiniyā pokkharaṇiyā tīre pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno āyasmato sāriputtassa bhise ca muḷālikāyo ca upanāmesi. Atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassa bhise ca muḷālikāyo ca bhuttassa kāyaḍāhābādho paṭippassambhi. Bahū bhisā ca muḷālikāyo ca avasiṭṭhā honti. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dubbhikkhe appamattakepi pavārenti, paṭisaṅkhāpi paṭikkhipanti, sabbo ca saṅgho pavārito hoti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjatha. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
57那时，舍卫城出现了很多可嚼食的果物，却没有做净者。诸比丘心生疑虑，不敢食用那些果物，便将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许食用无种子的果物、已发芽种子的果物，以及未作净的果物。”
Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṃ bahuṃ phalakhādanīyaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, kappiyakārako ca na hoti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā phalaṃ na paribhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, abījaṃ nibbattabījaṃ akatakappaṃ phalaṃ paribhuñjitunti.
73允许已受取等完
Paṭiggahitādi anujānanā niṭṭhitā.
74167. 刀手术禁止论
167. Satthakammapaṭikkhepakathā
279那时，世尊在舍卫城随其心意而住了一段时日，便向王舍城方向游化。他一路次第游化，抵达了王舍城，便安住在竹林迦兰陀园。当时，有一位比丘患了痔瘘病，一位名叫阿迦沙果答的医生正在为他进行手术治疗。那时，世尊巡视住处，走到那位比丘的寮房附近。阿迦沙果答医生远远望见世尊走来，便对他说：“来吧，乔达摩尊者，请看这位比丘的排便处，就像蜥蜴的嘴巴一样。” 世尊心想：“这个愚人竟在嘲弄我。”于是，世尊立即从那里转身离去。以此因缘、以此事由，世尊集合比丘僧众，问比丘们说：“诸比丘，听说在某个寮房里有一位生病的比丘，是否属实？”“属实，世尊。”“诸比丘，那位比丘得了什么病？”“尊者，那位具寿患了痔瘘病，阿迦沙果答医生正在为他动手术。”世尊呵斥道：“诸比丘，这愚人的所作所为不合宜、不相称、不庄重，非沙门所应为，也不符净法，绝不能做。诸比丘，这个愚人怎么可以让人在私密处动手术呢？诸比丘，私密处的皮肤细嫩，伤口难以愈合，手术也难以处理。诸比丘，
Atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno bhagandalābādho hoti. Ākāsagotto vejjo satthakammaṃ karoti. Atha kho bhagavā senāsanacārikaṃ āhiṇḍanto yena tassa bhikkhuno vihāro tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho ākāsagotto vejjo bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āgacchatu bhavaṃ gotamo, imassa bhikkhuno vaccamaggaṃ passatu, seyyathāpi godhāmukha’’nti . Atha kho bhagavā – ‘‘so maṃ khvāyaṃ moghapuriso uppaṇḍetī’’ti – tatova paṭinivattitvā, etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā, bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘atthi kira, bhikkhave, amukasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhu gilāno’’ti? ‘‘Atthi bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ābādho’’ti? ‘‘Tassa, bhante, āyasmato bhagandalābādho, ākāsagotto vejjo satthakammaṃ karotī’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā – ‘‘ananucchavikaṃ, bhikkhave, tassa moghapurisassa, ananulomikaṃ, appatirūpaṃ, assāmaṇakaṃ, akappiyaṃ, akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma so, bhikkhave, moghapuriso sambādhe satthakammaṃ kārāpessati. Sambādhe, bhikkhave, sukhumā chavi, duropayo vaṇo , dupparihāraṃ satthaṃ. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sambādhe satthakammaṃ kārāpetabbaṃ. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
59当时，六群比丘心想：“世尊禁止了手术。”便让人施行灌肠疗法。少欲的比丘们纷纷非难、指责、呵斥：“六群比丘怎么能让人施行灌肠疗法呢？”于是，比丘们将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，听说六群比丘让人施行灌肠疗法，是真的吗？”“是真的，世尊。”……世尊呵斥、说法后，对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，不得在私密处附近两指范围内进行手术或灌肠。若行此事，犯粗罪。”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū – bhagavatā satthakammaṃ paṭikkhittanti – vatthikammaṃ kārāpenti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā, te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vatthikammaṃ kārāpessantī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vatthikammaṃ kārāpentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sambādhassa sāmantā dvaṅgulā satthakammaṃ vā vatthikammaṃ vā kārāpetabbaṃ. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā’’ti.
77刀手术禁止论完
Satthakammapaṭikkhepakathā niṭṭhitā.
78168. 人肉禁止论
168. Manussamaṃsapaṭikkhepakathā
280那时，世尊在王舍城随宜住上一段时间后，便启程向波罗奈城方向游化。一路渐次游行，到达波罗奈城后，便住在那里的仙人堕处鹿野苑。其时，波罗奈城中有优婆塞苏毗亚与优婆夷苏毗亚，夫妇二人皆深信佛法，乐善好施，护持僧团。一日，苏毗亚优婆夷来到寺院，从一寮房至另一寮房，从一院落至另一院落，逐一询问诸比丘：“尊者，可有哪一位患病？需要我为他带些什么来呢？”那时，有一位比丘服了泻药。那位比丘便对苏毗亚优婆夷说：“贤妹，我服了泻药，需要一块敷料。”“好的，尊者，我会差人送来。”她回到家中，吩咐一位仆人：“去寻一块自落肉来。”“是，女主人。”那人奉苏毗亚优婆夷之命，遍寻波罗奈城，也不见有自落肉。于是那人回到苏毗亚优婆夷处，回禀道：“女主人，没有自落肉，今日是禁杀日。”苏毗亚优婆夷当下心想：“那位患病比丘若得不到敷料，病情恐将加剧，乃至危及性命。我既已应允，却未能差人送到，实在不合宜。”于是她取刀割下自己大腿上的肉，交给一位婢女说：“来，你料理好此肉，送到某寮房给那位患病比丘。若有人问起我，就说她身体不适。”随即用上衣裹住大腿。
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bārāṇasī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bārāṇasī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tena kho pana samayena bārāṇasiyaṃ suppiyo ca upāsako suppiyā ca upāsikā ubhatopasannā honti, dāyakā, kārakā, saṅghupaṭṭhākā. Atha kho suppiyā upāsikā ārāmaṃ gantvā vihārena vihāraṃ pariveṇena pariveṇaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhikkhū pucchati – ‘‘ko, bhante, gilāno, kassa kiṃ āhariyatū’’ti? Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena bhikkhunā virecanaṃ pītaṃ hoti. Atha kho so bhikkhu suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mayā kho, bhagini, virecanaṃ pītaṃ. Attho me paṭicchādanīyenā’’ti. ‘‘Suṭṭhu, ayya, āhariyissatī’’ti gharaṃ gantvā antevāsiṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘gaccha, bhaṇe, pavattamaṃsaṃ jānāhī’’ti. Evaṃ, ayyeti kho so puriso suppiyāya upāsikāya paṭissuṇitvā kevalakappaṃ bārāṇasiṃ āhiṇḍanto na addasa pavattamaṃsaṃ. Atha kho so puriso yena suppiyā upāsikā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘natthayye pavattamaṃsaṃ. Māghāto ajjā’’ti. Atha kho suppiyāya upāsikāya etadahosi – ‘‘tassa kho gilānassa bhikkhuno paṭicchādanīyaṃ alabhantassa ābādho vā abhivaḍḍhissati, kālaṅkiriyā vā bhavissati. Na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ yāhaṃ paṭissuṇitvā na harāpeyya’’nti. Potthanikaṃ gahetvā ūrumaṃsaṃ ukkantitvā dāsiyā adāsi – ‘‘handa, je, imaṃ maṃsaṃ sampādetvā amukasmiṃ vihāre bhikkhu gilāno, tassa dajjāhi. Yo ca maṃ pucchati, ‘gilānā’ti paṭivedehī’’ti. Uttarāsaṅgena ūruṃ veṭhetvā ovarakaṃ pavisitvā mañcake nipajji. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako gharaṃ gantvā dāsiṃ pucchi – ‘‘kahaṃ suppiyā’’ti? ‘‘Esāyya ovarake nipannā’’ti. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako yena suppiyā upāsikā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa nipannāsī’’ti? ‘‘Gilānāmhī’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ te ābādho’’ti? Atha kho suppiyā upāsikā suppiyassa upāsakassa etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako – acchariyaṃ vata bho! Abbhutaṃ vata bho! Yāva saddhāyaṃ suppiyā pasannā, yatra hi nāma attanopi maṃsāni pariccattāni! Kimpimāya aññaṃ kiñci adeyyaṃ bhavissatīti – haṭṭho udaggo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho suppiyo upāsako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena suppiyassa upāsakassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena . Atha kho suppiyo upāsako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho suppiyaṃ upāsakaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kahaṃ suppiyā’’ti? ‘‘Gilānā bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi āgacchatū’’ti. ‘‘Na bhagavā ussahatī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi pariggahetvāpi ānethā’’ti. Atha kho suppiyo upāsako suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ pariggahetvā ānesi. Tassā, saha dassanena bhagavato, tāva mahāvaṇo ruḷaho ahosi, succhavilomajāto. Atha kho suppiyo ca upāsako suppiyā ca upāsikā – ‘‘acchariyaṃ vata bho! Abbhutaṃ vata bho! Tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā, yatra hi nāma saha dassanena bhagavato tāva mahāvaṇo ruḷaho bhavissati, succhavilomajāto’’ti – haṭṭhā udaggā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā suppiyañca upāsakaṃ suppiyañca upāsikaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
80尔时世尊以此因缘、以此事件集合比丘僧团后告诸比丘
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū
61世尊问诸比丘：“诸比丘，是谁向苏毗亚优婆夷乞求了肉？”话音落下，那位比丘对世尊说：“尊者，是我向苏毗亚优婆夷乞求了肉。”“比丘，她送来了吗？”“送来了，世尊。”“比丘，你吃了没有？”“我吃了，世尊。”“比丘，你省察了没有？”“世尊，我没有省察。”世尊呵责他说：“……愚人！你怎么能不省察就吃肉呢？愚人！你吃的是人肉。愚人！这不是能令未信者生信的事……”如此呵责、说法之后，世尊对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，有人信心深厚、内心净信，他们甚至能布施自己的肉。诸比丘，不可食人肉。若食，犯粗罪。再者，诸比丘，不可未经省察便吃肉。若不经省察而食，犯恶作。”
Paṭipucchi – ‘‘ko, bhikkhave, suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ maṃsaṃ viññāpesī’’ti? Evaṃ vutte so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kho, bhante, suppiyaṃ upāsikaṃ maṃsaṃ viññāpesi’’nti. ‘‘Āhariyittha bhikkhū’’ti? ‘‘Āhariyittha bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Paribhuñji tvaṃ bhikkhū’’ti? ‘‘Paribhuñjāmahaṃ bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Paṭivekkhi tvaṃ bhikkhū’’ti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ bhagavā paṭivekkhi’’nti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, appaṭivekkhitvā maṃsaṃ paribhuñjissasi. Manussamaṃsaṃ kho tayā, moghapurisa, paribhuttaṃ. Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘santi, bhikkhave, manussā saddhā pasannā, tehi attanopi maṃsāni pariccattāni. Na, bhikkhave, manussamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, appaṭivekkhitvā maṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
82人肉禁止论完
Manussamaṃsapaṭikkhepakathā niṭṭhitā.
83169. 象肉等禁止论
169. Hatthimaṃsādipaṭikkhepakathā
281当时，国王的大象死了。值遇饥荒，人们食用象肉，也供养给正在托钵乞食的比丘们。比丘们便吃了象肉。众人非难、指责、呵斥说：“沙门释迦子怎能吃象肉？象乃国王之财产，国王若知道，定当不悦。”他们便将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不得食象肉。若食者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena rañño hatthī maranti . Manussā dubbhikkhe hatthimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti , bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ hatthimaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū hatthimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā hatthimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjissanti. Rājaṅgaṃ hatthī, sace rājā jāneyya, na nesaṃ attamano assā’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, hatthimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
63当时，国王的马死了。值遇饥荒，人们食用马肉，也供养给正在托钵乞食的比丘们。比丘们便吃了马肉。众人非难、指责、呵斥说：“沙门释迦子怎能吃马肉？马乃国王之财产，国王若知道，定当不悦。”他们便将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不得食马肉。若食者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena rañño assā maranti. Manussā dubbhikkhe assamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ assamaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū assamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā assamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjissanti. Rājaṅgaṃ assā, sace rājā jāneyya, na nesaṃ attamano assā’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, assamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
64当时，值遇饥荒，人们食用狗肉，也供养给正在托钵乞食的比丘们。比丘们便吃了狗肉。众人非难、指责、呵斥说：“沙门释迦子怎能吃狗肉？狗令人厌恶，污秽可憎。”他们便将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，不应食狗肉。若食者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena manussā dubbhikkhe sunakhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ sunakhamaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū sunakhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā sunakhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjissanti, jeguccho sunakho paṭikūlo’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, sunakhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
65那时，正值饥荒，人们食用蛇肉，并将蛇肉施与托钵乞食的比丘。比丘们便食用了。人们讥嫌、批评、指责道：“沙门释迦子怎能食用蛇肉？蛇是令人厌恶、让人反感的呀！”蛇王善见来到世尊处，向世尊礼敬后，立于一旁。立于一旁的蛇王善见对世尊这样说：“尊者，有些龙无有信心、并无净信，他们可能因极小之事骚扰比丘。尊者，愿圣者们不要食用蛇肉。”于是，世尊以法语开示、劝导……（中略）……蛇王善见右绕世尊后离去。那时，世尊藉此因缘、借此事缘作了一番法语后，对比丘们说：“诸比丘，不应食用蛇肉。若食用者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena manussā dubbhikkhe ahimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ ahimaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū ahimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā ahimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjissanti, jeguccho ahi paṭikūlo’’ti. Supassopi nāgarājā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho supasso nāgarājā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santi, bhante, nāgā assaddhā appasannā. Te appamattakehipi bhikkhū viheṭheyyuṃ. Sādhu, bhante, ayyā ahimaṃsaṃ na paribhuñjeyyu’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā supassaṃ nāgarājānaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi…pe… padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, ahimaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
66那时，猎人们杀死狮子，食用狮肉，并将狮肉施与托钵乞食的比丘。比丘们食用狮肉后，居住于林中。狮子们因嗅到狮肉气味，便前来攻击比丘。他们将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，不应食用狮肉。若食用者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena luddakā sīhaṃ hantvā sīhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ sīhamaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū sīhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitvā araññe viharanti. Sīhā sīhamaṃsagandhena bhikkhū paripātenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, sīhamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
67那时，猎人们杀死虎……豹……熊……鬣狗，食用鬣狗肉，并将鬣狗肉施与托钵乞食的比丘。比丘们食用鬣狗肉后，居住于林中。鬣狗们因嗅到鬣狗肉气味，便前来攻击比丘。他们将此事禀告世尊。“诸比丘，不应食用鬣狗肉。若食用者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena luddakā byagghaṃ hantvā…pe… dīpiṃ hantvā…pe… acchaṃ hantvā…pe… taracchaṃ hantvā taracchamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjanti, bhikkhūnaṃ piṇḍāya carantānaṃ taracchamaṃsaṃ denti. Bhikkhū taracchamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitvā araññe viharanti. Taracchā taracchamaṃsagandhena bhikkhū paripātenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, taracchamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
90象肉等拒绝论完
Hatthimaṃsādipaṭikkhepakathā niṭṭhitā.
91须卑诵品第二完
Suppiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito dutiyo.
92170. 允许粥蜜丸
170. Yāgumadhugoḷakānujānanā
282那时，世尊在波罗奈随其所愿住了些时日，便与一千二百五十位比丘组成的大比丘僧团一道，向安达卡宾达方向游行而去。那时，乡民们将大量的盐、油、米、嚼食装上车，紧跟在以佛陀为首的比丘僧团后面，心里想：“等轮到我们时，我们就设食供养。”此外，还有大约五百名残食者跟随在后。那时，世尊次第游行，来到了安达卡宾达。当时，有一位婆罗门还未轮到，他心里想：“我跟随以佛陀为首的比丘僧团已有两个月了，一直想着‘何时轮到我，我便设食供养’，可至今仍未轮到。我只是独自一人，家中俗务却耽搁了许多。我何不去检查一下供食之处，看看还缺少什么，就把它准备起来？”于是，那位婆罗门去检查供食处，发现有两样东西没有——粥和蜜丸。于是，那位婆罗门便到具寿阿难那里，到了之后对具寿阿难这样说：“阿难尊者，我在这里还没轮到，心里就想：‘我跟随以佛陀为首的比丘僧团已有两个月了，一直想着何时轮到我，我便设食供养，可至今仍未轮到。我只是独自一人，家中俗务却耽搁了许多。我何不去检查一下供食之处，看看还缺少什么，就把它准备起来？’阿难尊者，我去检查供食处，发现有两样没有——粥和蜜丸。阿难尊者，如果我去准备粥和蜜丸，乔达摩尊者能接受我的供养吗？”“那么，婆罗门，我去问问世尊。”于是，具寿阿难将此事禀告了世尊。“阿难，那就让他准备吧。”“那么，婆罗门，你去准备吧。”于是，那位婆罗门在当夜过后，准备了大量的粥和蜜丸，捧呈世尊：“愿乔达摩尊者接受这些粥和蜜丸。”“那么，婆罗门，分给诸比丘吧。”诸比丘心存疑虑，不肯接受。“接受吧，诸比丘，食用吧。”于是，那位婆罗门亲手以大量的粥与蜜丸，令以佛陀为首的比丘僧团饱足满意。见世尊洗净手、放下钵后，他便坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的那位婆罗门这样说：
Atha kho bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena andhakavindaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi, mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ, aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena jānapadā manussā bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropetvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā honti – yadā paṭipāṭiṃ labhissāma tadā bhattaṃ karissāmāti, pañcamattāni ca vighāsādasatāni. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena andhakavindaṃ tadavasari. Atha kho aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa paṭipāṭiṃ alabhantassa etadahosi – ‘‘atītāni kho me dve māsāni buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anubandhantassa ‘yadā paṭipāṭiṃ labhissāmi tadā bhattaṃ karissāmī’ti, na ca me paṭipāṭi labbhati, ahañcamhi ekattako , bahu ca me gharāvāsattho hāyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhattaggaṃ olokeyyaṃ; yaṃ bhattagge nāssa, taṃ paṭiyādeyya’’nti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo bhattaggaṃ olokento dve nāddasa – yāguñca madhugoḷakañca . Atha kho so brāhmaṇo yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha me, bho ānanda, paṭipāṭiṃ alabhantassa etadahosi ‘atītāni kho me dve māsāni buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anubandhantassa, yadā paṭipāṭiṃ labhissāmi tadā bhattaṃ karissāmīti. Na ca me paṭipāṭi labbhati , ahañcamhi ekattako, bahu ca me gharāvāsattho hāyati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhattaggaṃ olokeyyaṃ; yaṃ bhattagge nāssa, taṃ paṭiyādeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, bho ānanda, bhattaggaṃ olokento dve nāddasaṃ – yāguñca madhugoḷakañca. Sacāhaṃ, bho ānanda, paṭiyādeyyaṃ yāguñca madhugoḷakañca, paṭiggaṇheyya me bhavaṃ gotamo’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, bhagavantaṃ paṭipucchissāmī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Tena hānanda, paṭiyādetūti. Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, paṭiyādehīti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo tassā rattiyā accayena pahūtaṃ yāguñca madhugoḷakañca paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato upanāmesi – paṭiggaṇhātu me bhavaṃ gotamo yāguñca madhugoḷakañcāti. Tena hi, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhūnaṃ dehīti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjathāti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pahūtāya yāguyā ca madhugoḷakena ca sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ dhotahatthaṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
69“婆罗门，粥有这十种利益。是哪十种呢？施粥者，即是施予寿命，施予容貌，施予快乐，施予力量，施予辩才；饮粥则能消除饥饿，止息干渴，通顺体风，清净膀胱，消化残留未消的食物。婆罗门，这便是粥的十种利益。”
‘‘Dasayime, brāhmaṇa, ānisaṃsā yāguyā. Katame dasa? Yāguṃ dento āyuṃ deti, vaṇṇaṃ deti, sukhaṃ deti, balaṃ deti, paṭibhānaṃ deti, yāgu pītā khuddaṃ paṭihanati, pipāsaṃ vineti, vātaṃ anulometi, vatthiṃ sodheti, āmāvasesaṃ pāceti – ime kho, brāhmaṇa, dasānisaṃsā yāguyā’’ti .
70若有人，于适当之时，恭敬施粥与自制、依他人施而活者，
Yo saññatānaṃ paradattabhojinaṃ;
71若人适时，恭敬施予那些自制、依他人布施为食者以粥食，
Kālena sakkacca dadāti yāguṃ;
72此人便向他们施予了十种利益：
Dasassa ṭhānāni anuppavecchati;
73带来寿命、容貌、安乐、力量与辩才。
Āyuñca vaṇṇañca sukhaṃ balañca.
74辩才从此而生；
Paṭibhānamassa upajāyate tato;
75除遣饥渴与风病，
Khuddaṃ pipāsañca byapaneti vātaṃ;
76清净膀胱，消化所食。
Sodheti vatthiṃ pariṇāmeti bhuttaṃ;
77这是善逝所称赞之药。
Bhesajjametaṃ sugatena vaṇṇitaṃ.
78是故，应当布施粥食。
Tasmā hi yāguṃ alameva dātuṃ;
79常由希求安乐之人所行。
Niccaṃ manussena sukhatthikena;
80或希求天界安乐的人。
Dibbāni vā patthayatā sukhāni;
81或渴望人间吉祥安乐之人。
Manussasobhagyatamicchatā vāti.
82那时，世尊以这些偈颂随喜那位婆罗门后，便从座起身离去。随后，世尊以此因缘、以此事件说法，对诸比丘们说：‘诸比丘，我允许粥和蜜丸。’
Atha kho bhagavā taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yāguñca madhugoḷakañcā’’ti.
108允许粥蜜丸完
Yāgumadhugoḷakānujānanā niṭṭhitā.
109171. 青年净信大臣事
171. Taruṇapasannamahāmattavatthu
283人们听说：“世尊允许了粥和蜜丸。”他们便在清晨准备了粥和蜜丸。诸比丘清晨食用了粥和蜜丸后，在斋堂中未能尽兴受食。当时，有一位青年净信大臣，已邀请以佛陀为首的比丘僧团次日应供。那时，那位青年净信大臣心想：“我不如为一千二百五十位比丘准备一千二百五十碗肉，每位比丘各供一碗肉。”于是，那位青年净信大臣过了那夜，命人准备了精致的硬食和软食，以及一千二百五十碗肉，随后差人告知世尊：“尊者，时至，饮食已备。”那时，世尊于午前穿好下衣，持钵与衣，前往青年净信大臣的住处。抵达后，在已敷设的座位上就座，与比丘僧团一同坐下。当时，那位青年净信大臣在斋堂中为比丘们分食。比丘们说道：“朋友，请少给一些；朋友，请少给一些。”“尊者们，请不要因为这是一位青年净信大臣所供，便只取少许。我备办了众多硬食与软食，以及一千二百五十碗肉，拟为每位比丘各供一碗。尊者们，请尽情取用吧！”“朋友，我们并非因此才少取，只因清晨已用过粥与蜜丸，腹中饱足，故而少受。”那时，那位青年净信大臣讥嫌、非难、指责说：“这些尊者既已受我邀请，为何还去食用他人所施的粥呢？难道我无力让大家尽情受用吗？”他恼怒、不悦、心怀轻蔑，一边为比丘们盛满钵，一边走离，说道：“你们吃掉也罢，带走也罢！”那时，那位青年净信大臣亲手以精致的硬食与软食供奉并令以佛陀为首的比丘僧团饱足。见到世尊食毕、手离钵后，他便坐在一旁。世尊为坐在一旁的青年净信大臣说法、开示、劝导、激励，令得欢喜，之后从座起身离去。
Assosuṃ kho manussā bhagavatā kira yāgu anuññātā madhugoḷakañcāti. Te kālasseva, bhojjayāguṃ paṭiyādenti madhugoḷakañca. Bhikkhū kālasseva bhojjayāguyā dhātā madhugoḷakena ca bhattagge na cittarūpaṃ paribhuñjanti. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena taruṇapasannena mahāmattena svātanāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito hoti. Atha kho tassa taruṇapasannassa mahāmattassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ aḍḍhatelasannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ aḍḍhatelasāni maṃsapātisatāni paṭiyādeyyaṃ, ekamekassa bhikkhuno ekamekaṃ maṃsapātiṃ upanāmeyya’’nti. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā aḍḍhatelasāni ca maṃsapātisatāni, bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa taruṇapasannassa mahāmattassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto bhattagge bhikkhū parivisati. Bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘thokaṃ, āvuso, dehi; thokaṃ, āvuso, dehī’’ti. ‘‘Mā kho tumhe, bhante, – ‘ayaṃ taruṇapasanno mahāmatto’ti – thokaṃ thokaṃ paṭiggaṇhatha. Bahuṃ me khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyattaṃ, aḍḍhatelasāni ca maṃsapātisatāni. Ekamekassa bhikkhuno ekamekaṃ maṃsapātiṃ upanāmessāmīti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhante, yāvadattha’’nti. ‘‘Na kho mayaṃ, āvuso, etaṃkāraṇā thokaṃ thokaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma, api ca mayaṃ kālasseva bhojjayāguyā dhātā madhugoḷakena ca. Tena mayaṃ thokaṃ thokaṃ paṭiggaṇhāmā’’ti. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhadantā mayā nimantitā aññassa bhojjayāguṃ paribhuñjissanti, na cāhaṃ paṭibalo yāvadatthaṃ dātu’’nti kupito anattamano āsādanāpekkho bhikkhūnaṃ patte pūrento agamāsi – bhuñjatha vā haratha vāti. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho taṃ taruṇapasannaṃ mahāmattaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
84世尊离去后不久，那位青年净信大臣心生懊悔与追悔：“我真是无所得，真是未获善利；我真是逢遇不善，未曾遇善！我竟满怀怒气、不悦与轻蔑，边走边往比丘钵中盛满食物，说道：‘吃吧，或者带走！’我如此而行，所积集的，到底是广大功德，还是非功德呢？”于是，那位青年净信大臣前往世尊处。到达后，礼敬世尊，于一面坐。坐定后，那位青年净信大臣对世尊说：“尊者，您离去后不久，我生起懊悔与追悔：‘我真是无所得，真是未获善利；我真是逢遇不善，未曾遇善！我竟满怀怒气、不悦与轻蔑，边走边往比丘钵中盛满食物，说道：“吃吧，或者带走！”我如此而行，所积集的，到底是广大功德，还是非功德呢？’尊者，我如此而行，所积集的，是广大功德，还是非功德？”“朋友，自你邀请以佛陀为首的比丘僧团次日应供的那一刹那起，你便积集了广大功德。自每一位比丘接受你所施的每一粒饭食起，你便积集了广大功德。
Atha kho tassa taruṇapasannassa mahāmattassa acirapakkantassa bhagavato ahudeva kukkuccaṃ, ahu vippaṭisāro – ‘‘alābhā vata me, na vata me lābhā; dulladdhaṃ vata me, na vata me suladdhaṃ; yohaṃ kupito anattamano āsādanāpekkho bhikkhūnaṃ patte pūrento agamāsiṃ – ‘bhuñjatha vā haratha vā’ti. Kiṃ nu kho mayā bahuṃ pasutaṃ puññaṃ vā apuññaṃ vā’’ti? Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha mayhaṃ, bhante, acirapakkantassa bhagavato ahudeva kukkuccaṃ, ahu vippaṭisāro ‘alābhā vata me, na vata me lābhā; dulladdhaṃ vata me, na vata me suladdhaṃ; yohaṃ kupito anattamano āsādanāpekkho bhikkhūnaṃ patte pūrento agamāsiṃ – bhuñjatha vā haratha vāti. Kiṃ nu kho mayā bahuṃ pasutaṃ, puññaṃ vā apuññaṃ vā’ti. Kiṃ nu kho mayā, bhante, bahuṃ pasutaṃ, puññaṃ vā apuññaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Yadaggena tayā, āvuso, svātanāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito tadaggena te bahuṃ puññaṃ pasutaṃ. Yadaggena te ekamekena bhikkhunā ekamekaṃ sitthaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ tadaggena te bahuṃ puññaṃ pasutaṃ, saggā te āraddhā’’ti. Atha kho so taruṇapasanno mahāmatto – ‘‘lābhā kira me, suladdhaṃ kira me, bahuṃ kira mayā puññaṃ pasutaṃ, saggā kira me āraddhā’’ti – haṭṭho udaggo uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū aññatra nimantitā aññassa bhojjayāguṃ paribhuñjantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā aññatra nimantitā aññassa bhojjayāguṃ paribhuñjissanti. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, aññatra nimantitena aññassa bhojjayāgu paribhuñjitabbā. Yo paribhuñjeyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
112青年净信大臣事完
Taruṇapasannamahāmattavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
113172. 贝拉德迦旃延事
172. Belaṭṭhakaccānavatthu
284那时，世尊在暗陀迦频陀随宜安住之后，便与由一千二百五十位比丘组成的大比丘僧团一道，向王舍城方向游行而去。那时，贝拉德迦旃延正沿着从王舍城通往暗陀迦频陀的商道行路，率领大约五百辆车，每辆车都满载糖罐。世尊远远望见贝拉德迦旃延走来，见后便离开道路，在一棵树下坐下。于是，贝拉德迦旃延前往世尊所在之处，到了之后，向世尊敬礼，而后站在一旁。站在一旁后，贝拉德迦旃延对世尊这样说：'尊者，我想给每位比丘一罐糖。''那么，迦旃延，你且取一罐糖来吧。''是的，尊者。'贝拉德迦旃延应诺世尊，只取了一罐糖，去到世尊跟前。到了之后，对世尊说：'尊者，糖罐已取来。我该怎么做呢？''那么，迦旃延，你将这些糖分给比丘们吧。''是的，尊者。'贝拉德迦旃延应诺世尊，将糖分与诸比丘后，对世尊这样说：'尊者，糖已分给比丘们，但仍然剩下很多。我该怎么做呢？''那么，迦旃延，你就让比丘们随意取用这些糖吧。''是的，尊者。'贝拉德迦旃延应诺世尊，让比丘们随意取用之后，对世尊说：'尊者，已让诸比丘随意取用，但糖仍剩下很多。我该怎么做呢？''那么，迦旃延，你便用糖令比丘们受用饱足吧。''是的，尊者。'贝拉德迦旃延应诺世尊，便用糖令比丘们饱足。有的比丘将钵盛满，将滤水囊装满，也将袋子装满。当时，贝拉德迦旃延用糖令比丘们受用饱足之后，对世尊这样说：'尊者，已用糖令比丘们饱足，但仍然剩下很多。我该怎么做呢？''那么，迦旃延，你将糖分与食客们吧。''是的，尊者。'贝拉德迦旃延应诺世尊，将糖分与食客们后，对世尊说：'尊者，糖已分给食客们，但仍剩下很多。我该怎么做呢？''那么，迦旃延，你便让食客们随意取用糖吧。''是的，尊者。'贝拉德迦旃延应诺世尊，让食客们随意取用之后，对世尊说：'尊者，已让食客们随意取用，但糖仍剩下很多。我该怎么做呢？''那么，迦旃延，你便用糖令食客们饱足吧。''是的，尊者。'贝拉德迦旃延应诺世尊，便用糖令食客们饱足。有的食客将罐子、瓶子装满，又将篮子装满，乃至用围裙兜得满满的。当时，贝拉德迦旃延用糖令食客们饱足之后，对世尊这样说：'尊者，已用糖令食客们饱足，但仍然剩下很多。我该怎么做呢？''迦旃延，在此天神、魔罗、梵天所居的世界中，在此有沙门、婆罗门、天与人的众生中，除了如来或如来的弟子，我看不到有谁能适当地消化这些糖。因此，迦旃延，你将这些糖倒在无草木之处，或者倒入没有小虫的水中吧。''是的，尊者。'贝拉德迦旃延应诺世尊，便将那些糖倒入没有小虫的水中。那时，那些糖被投入水中之后，嘶嘶作响，滋滋冒泡，升起浓烟，散发滚滚浓烟。犹如被烧了整天的犁铧，投入水中时嘶嘶作响，滋滋冒泡，升起浓烟，散发滚滚浓烟；那些糖被投入水中后，也同样嘶嘶作响，滋滋冒泡，升起浓烟，散发滚滚浓烟。
Atha kho bhagavā andhakavinde yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena rājagahaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi, mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ, aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena belaṭṭho kaccāno rājagahā andhakavindaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno hoti, pañcamattehi sakaṭasatehi, sabbeheva guḷakumbhapūrehi. Addasā kho bhagavā belaṭṭhaṃ kaccānaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, bhante, ekamekassa bhikkhuno ekamekaṃ guḷakumbhaṃ dātu’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, ekaṃyeva guḷakumbhaṃ āharā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā ekaṃyeva guḷakumbhaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ābhato , bhante, guḷakumbho; kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, bhikkhūnaṃ guḷaṃ dehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā bhikkhūnaṃ guḷaṃ datvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dinno, bhante, bhikkhūnaṃ guḷo, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, bhikkhūnaṃ guḷaṃ yāvadatthaṃ dehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā bhikkhūnaṃ guḷaṃ yāvadatthaṃ datvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dinno, bhante, bhikkhūnaṃ guḷo yāvadattho, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, bhikkhū guḷehi santappehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā bhikkhū guḷehi santappesi. Ekacce bhikkhū pattepi pūresuṃ parissāvanānipi thavikāyopi pūresuṃ. Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhikkhū guḷehi santappetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santappitā, bhante, bhikkhū guḷehi, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ dehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ datvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dinno, bhante , vighāsādānaṃ guḷo, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ yāvadatthaṃ dehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ yāvadatthaṃ datvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘dinno, bhante, vighāsādānaṃ guḷo yāvadattho, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, vighāsāde guḷehi santappehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā vighāsāde guḷehi santappesi. Ekacce vighāsādā kolambepi ghaṭepi pūresuṃ, piṭakānipi ucchaṅgepi pūresuṃ. Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno vighāsāde guḷehi santappetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santappitā, bhante, vighāsādā guḷehi, bahu cāyaṃ guḷo avasiṭṭho. Kathāhaṃ, bhante, paṭipajjāmī’’ti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ taṃ, kaccāna, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya yassa so guḷo paribhutto sammā pariṇāmaṃ gaccheyya, aññatra tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā. Tena hi tvaṃ, kaccāna, taṃ guḷaṃ appaharite vā chaḍḍehi, appāṇake vā udake opilāpehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho belaṭṭho kaccāno bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā taṃ guḷaṃ appāṇake udake opilāpeti. Atha kho so guḷo udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati padhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati. Seyyathāpi nāma phālo divasaṃsantatto udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati padhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati, evameva so guḷo udake pakkhitto cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyati padhūpāyati sampadhūpāyati.
86那时，贝拉德迦旃延心有所感，身毛竖立，便前往世尊处。到了之后，礼敬世尊，坐在一旁。世尊为坐在一旁的贝拉德迦旃延次第开示，即：布施论、持戒论、生天论；解说欲乐的过患、卑劣与染污，以及出离的功德利益。当世尊了知贝拉德迦旃延的心已具足堪任、柔软、离盖、踊跃、净信，便为他开示诸佛所特有的教说……就这样，就在那座中，贝拉德迦旃延生起了离尘离垢的法眼：‘凡集起者，彼一切皆灭尽法。’那时，贝拉德迦旃延已见法、得法、知法、入法，度诸疑惑，离诸犹豫，得无所畏，于师教法不依于他，对世尊这样说：‘真是殊胜啊，尊者！真是殊胜啊，尊者！尊者，就像将颠倒的扶正……同样地，世尊以种种方便阐明了法。尊贵的世尊，我从今日起，皈依世尊、皈依法、皈依比丘僧团。愿世尊摄受我为优婆塞，自今日起尽形寿皈依。’
Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho belaṭṭhassa kaccānassa bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – ‘‘dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ, kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā bhagavā aññāsi belaṭṭhaṃ kaccānaṃ kallacittaṃ, muducittaṃ, vinīvaraṇacittaṃ, udaggacittaṃ, pasannacittaṃ, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi…pe… evameva belaṭṭhassa kaccānassa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti. Atha kho belaṭṭho kaccāno diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṃkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya…pe… evamevaṃ kho bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇagata’’nti.
87那时，世尊在沿途游行中，行至王舍城，便安住在竹林迦兰陀迦园。那时，王舍城糖产十分丰足。诸比丘心想：“世尊只允许病者食糖，未允许无病者。”因此心生疑虑，不敢食糖。他们把此事禀白世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我允许病者食糖，无病者饮糖水。”
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena rājagahaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe guḷo ussanno hoti. Bhikkhū – gilānasseva bhagavatā guḷo anuññāto, no agilānassāti – kukkuccāyantā guḷaṃ na bhuñjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa guḷaṃ, agilānassa guḷodakanti.
117贝拉德迦旃延事完
Belaṭṭhakaccānavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
118173. 巴吒厘村事
173. Pāṭaligāmavatthu
285那时，世尊在王舍城随心所欲地住了一段时间后，便与一千二百五十位比丘的大比丘僧团一起，向巴吒厘村方向游行。世尊在次第游行中，到达了巴吒厘村。巴吒厘村的优婆塞们听说：“据说世尊已到达巴吒厘村。”于是，巴吒厘村的优婆塞们前往世尊那里。到了之后，礼敬世尊，坐在一面。世尊对坐在一面的巴吒厘村优婆塞们，以法语开示、劝导、激励、令其欢喜。那时，巴吒厘村的优婆塞们被世尊以法语开示、劝导、激励、令欢喜后，对世尊这样说：“尊者，愿世尊慈愍我等，与比丘僧团一起使用公共休息处。”世尊默然应允。巴吒厘村的优婆塞们知道世尊应允后，从座起身，礼敬世尊，右绕之后，便前往公共休息处。到了之后，他们将公共休息处铺满所有铺垫，摆设座位，安好水壶，点亮油灯，然后回到世尊那里。到了之后，礼敬世尊，站在一面。站在一面的巴吒厘村优婆塞们对世尊这样说：“尊者，公共休息处已铺满所有铺垫，座位已摆设好，水壶已安置好，油灯已点亮。现在，请世尊决定时机。”
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena pāṭaligāmo tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi, mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ, aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena pāṭaligāmo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā – ‘‘bhagavā kira pāṭaligāmaṃ anuppatto’’ti. Atha kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho pāṭaligāmike upāsake bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi, samādapesi, samuttejesi, sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘adhivāsetu no, bhante, bhagavā āvasathāgāraṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena āvasathāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā sabbasanthariṃ āvasathāgāraṃ santharitvā, āsanāni paññapetvā, udakamaṇikaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā, telapadīpaṃ āropetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘sabbasantharisanthataṃ, bhante, āvasathāgāraṃ. Āsanāni paññattāni. Udakamaṇiko patiṭṭhāpito. Telapadīpo āropito. Yassadāni, bhante, bhagavā kālaṃ maññatī’’ti.
89那时，世尊著好下衣，持钵与衣，与比丘僧团一同前往公共休息处。到后洗足，进入休息处，背靠中柱，面向东方而坐。比丘僧团也洗足，进入休息处，靠着西墙面向东方而坐，以世尊为最前。巴吒厘村的优婆塞们也洗足，进入休息处，靠着东墙面向西方而坐，以世尊为最前。这时，世尊对巴吒厘村的优婆塞们说道：
Atha kho bhagavā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena āvasathāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā majjhimaṃ thambhaṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi. Bhikkhusaṅghopi kho pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā pacchimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi, bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Pāṭaligāmikāpi kho upāsakā pāde pakkhāletvā āvasathāgāraṃ pavisitvā puratthimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya pacchimābhimukhā nisīdiṃsu, bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Atha kho bhagavā pāṭaligāmike upāsake āmantesi –
90“居士们，戒行败坏、戒缺失者，有五种过患。哪五种呢？居士们，于此，戒行败坏、戒缺失者，因放逸而招致巨大的财产损失。这是戒行败坏、戒缺失者的第一种过患。再者，居士们，戒行败坏、戒缺失者，恶名远扬。这是第二种过患。再者，居士们，戒行败坏、戒缺失者，无论走近何种群体——无论是刹帝利众、婆罗门众、居士众，还是沙门众，他都心怀怯懦、局促不安地走近。这是第三种过患。再者，居士们，戒行败坏、戒缺失者，临终之时神志昏迷。这是第四种过患。再者，居士们，戒行败坏、戒缺失者，于身坏命终之后，将投生到堕落处、恶道、苦界，乃至地狱。这是第五种过患。居士们，这便是戒行败坏、戒缺失者的五种过患。”
, Gahapatayo, ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Katame pañca? Idha, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno pamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahatiṃ bhogajāniṃ nigacchati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlassa sīlavipannassa pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Ayaṃ dutiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ, yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ, yadi gahapatiparisaṃ, yadi samaṇaparisaṃ, avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto. Ayaṃ tatiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno sammūḷho kālaṃkaroti. Ayaṃ catuttho ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ pañcamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Ime kho, gahapatayo, pañca ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.
91“居士们，这是具足戒行、戒行圆满者所得的五种利益。哪五种呢？居士们，于此，具足戒行、戒行圆满的人，由于不放逸，能积聚广大的财富。这是具足戒行、戒行圆满者所得的第一种利益。再者，居士们，具足戒行、戒行圆满的人，善美的名声远播。这是第二种利益。再者，居士们，具足戒行、戒行圆满的人，无论走近何等群体——刹帝利众、婆罗门众、居士众，或是沙门众——他都泰然自若、心无怯惧地走近。这是第三种利益。再者，居士们，具足戒行、戒行圆满的人，于临终时神志清明。这是第四种利益。再者，居士们，具足戒行、戒行圆满的人，于身体破裂、命终之后，投生于善道、天界。这是第五种利益。居士们，这些即是具足戒行、戒行圆满者所得的五种利益。”
‘‘Pañcime, gahapatayo, ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Katame pañca? Idha, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno appamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigacchati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya . Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavato sīlasampannassa kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Ayaṃ dutiyo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ, yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ, yadi gahapatiparisaṃ, yadi samaṇaparisaṃ, visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto. Ayaṃ tatiyo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno asammūḷho kālaṃkaroti. Ayaṃ catuttho ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ pañcamo ānisaṃso sīlavato sīlasampadāya. Ime kho, gahapatayo, pañca ānisaṃsā sīlavato sīlasampadāyāti.
92那时，世尊用了大半夜的时间，以法语教示、劝导、激励巴吒厘村的优婆塞们，令他们心生欢喜，然后便让他们离去，说道：“居士们，夜已深了。现在请依你们方便的时刻动身吧。”“是的，尊者。”巴吒厘村的优婆塞们回应世尊后，从座而起，顶礼世尊，右绕之后便离去了。在那些优婆塞离开后不久，世尊走进了一间空屋。
Atha kho bhagavā pāṭaligāmike upāsake bahudeva rattiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uyyojesi – ‘‘abhikkantā kho, gahapatayo, ratti. Yassadāni tumhe kālaṃ maññathā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti, kho pāṭaligāmikā upāsakā bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantesu pāṭaligāmikesu upāsakesu suññāgāraṃ pāvisi.
124巴吒厘村事完
Pāṭaligāmavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
125174. 苏尼德瓦萨咖拉事
174. Sunidhavassakāravatthu
286那时，摩揭陀的大臣孙尼达与瓦沙卡尔正在巴吒厘村建造一座城邑，用以防御离车人。世尊于后夜将尽、天刚破晓时起身，以那清净、超越凡人的天眼通，看见众多天人在巴吒厘村各处划分地界。凡有大威力的天人划分地界之处，那些有大威力的国王与大臣们的心便倾向于在此处建造住所。凡有中等威力的天人划分地界之处，那些有中等威力的国王与大臣们的心便倾向于在此处建造住所。凡有微弱威力的天人划分地界之处，那些有微弱威力的国王与大臣们的心便倾向于在此处建造住所。那时，世尊问具寿阿难：‘阿难，在巴吒厘村建造城邑的是谁？’‘尊者，是摩揭陀的大臣孙尼达与瓦沙卡尔，他们正在巴吒厘村建造城邑，以防御离车人。’‘阿难，这就如同与三十三天的天人们商议过一般。阿难，摩揭陀的大臣孙尼达与瓦沙卡尔正是这样在巴吒厘村建造城邑，以防御离车人。阿难，我方才于后夜将尽、天刚破晓时起身，以那清净、超越凡人的天眼通，看见众多天人在巴吒厘村各处划分地界。凡有大威力的天人划分地界之处，那些有大威力的国王与大臣们的心便倾向于在此处建造住所；凡有中等威力的天人划分地界之处，那些有中等威力的国王与大臣们的心便倾向于在此处建造住所；凡有微弱威力的天人划分地界之处，那些有微弱威力的国王与大臣们的心便倾向于在此处建造住所。阿难，只要是圣者行化之地，只要是商路通达之处，此处将成为一座第一等的城邑，但那时它将名为华氏城，因货物集散而得名。阿难，华氏城将遭遇三种灾难——火难、水难，或内部纷争分裂。’
Tena kho pana samayena sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāya. Addasā kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sambahulā devatāyo pāṭaligāme vatthūni pariggaṇhantiyo. Yasmiṃ padese mahesakkhā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, mahesakkhānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese majjhimā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, majjhimānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese nīcā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, nīcānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ke nu kho te, ānanda, pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpentī’’ti? ‘‘Sunidhavassakārā , bhante, magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāyā’’ti. Seyyathāpi, ānanda, devehi tāvatiṃsehi saddhiṃ mantetvā, evameva kho, ānanda, sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā pāṭaligāme nagaraṃ māpenti vajjīnaṃ paṭibāhāya. Idhāhaṃ, ānanda, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya addasaṃ dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena sambahulā devatāyo pāṭaligāme vatthūni pariggaṇhantiyo. Yasmiṃ padese mahesakkhā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, mahesakkhānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese majjhimā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, majjhimānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yasmiṃ padese nīcā devatā vatthūni pariggaṇhanti, nīcānaṃ tattha rājūnaṃ rājamahāmattānaṃ cittāni namanti nivesanāni māpetuṃ. Yāvatā, ānanda, ariyaṃ āyatanaṃ, yāvatā vaṇippatho, idaṃ agganagaraṃ bhavissati pāṭaliputtaṃ puṭabhedanaṃ. Pāṭaliputtassa kho, ānanda, tayo antarāyā bhavissanti – aggito vā udakato vā abbhantarato vā mithubhedāti.
94那时，摩揭陀的大臣苏尼陀与婆沙迦罗来到世尊所在处，到来后与世尊互相问候致意，互叙了亲切有礼的寒暄语后，便站在一旁。站在一旁之后，摩揭陀的大臣苏尼陀与婆沙迦罗对世尊这样说：“请乔达摩尊师慈允，今日与比丘僧团一同接受我们的饭食供养。”世尊默然应允。摩揭陀的大臣苏尼陀与婆沙迦罗见世尊默许，便起身离去。然后，他们备办了精致的硬食与软食，再派人通报世尊：“乔达摩尊师，时辰已到，饭食已备。”那时，世尊于午前时分，着衣持钵，与比丘僧团一同前往摩揭陀大臣苏尼陀与婆沙迦罗的供食之处。到了那里，便与比丘僧团一同在预备好的座位上坐下。那时，摩揭陀的大臣苏尼陀与婆沙迦罗亲手以精致的硬食与软食，供养以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，令他们完全饱足满意。见世尊用斋已毕，垂手离钵，他们便在一旁坐下。摩揭陀的大臣苏尼陀与婆沙迦罗坐在一旁后，世尊以这些偈颂为其随喜赞叹——
Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘adhivāsetu no bhavaṃ gotamo ajjatanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesuṃ – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sunidhavassakārānaṃ magadhamahāmattānaṃ parivesanā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena . Atha kho sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho sunidhavassakāre magadhamahāmatte bhagavā imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –
95智者无论于何处安住，
‘‘Yasmiṃ padese kappeti, vāsaṃ paṇḍitajātiyo;
96便在那里供养具戒、自制、修梵行者。
Sīlavantettha bhojetvā, saññate brahmacārayo .
97他应将此供养，回向给住于那里的诸天神。
‘‘Yā tattha devatā āsuṃ, tāsaṃ dakkhiṇamādise;
98若得供养，他们便供养他；若得尊敬，他们便尊敬他。
Tā pūjitā pūjayanti, mānitā mānayanti naṃ.
99于是他们悲悯他，如同母亲悲悯自己的亲生儿子；
‘‘Tato naṃ anukampanti, mātā puttaṃva orasaṃ;
100为诸天所悲悯者，常得吉祥。
Devatānukampito poso, sadā bhadrāni passatī’’ti.
101那时，世尊以这些偈颂随喜须尼陀与佤沙卡尔两位摩揭陀大臣后，便从座起身离去。须尼陀与佤沙卡尔两位摩揭陀大臣则跟随在后，心中思忖：“今日沙门乔达摩从哪座门出城，那座门就取名为乔达摩门；他从哪个渡口渡过恒河，那个渡口就取名为乔达摩渡口。”于是，世尊从那个门出城，那座门便成了乔达摩门。随后，世尊前往恒河。当时，恒河水位齐岸，乌鸦可直接饮到水。众人中有的寻船，有的找筏，有的捆扎木筏，都想从此岸渡往彼岸。世尊看见那些人——有的寻船，有的找筏，有的捆扎木筏，欲从此岸渡往彼岸——看见之后，犹如一位强壮的男子将弯曲的手臂伸直，或将伸直的手臂弯曲，就在恒河此岸隐没，与比丘僧团一起出现在彼岸。那时，世尊了知此事的因缘，当下发出这样的感叹：
Atha kho bhagavā sunidhavassakāre magadhamahāmatte imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Tena kho pana samayena sunidhavassakārā magadhamahāmattā bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhā honti, ‘‘yenajja samaṇo gotamo dvārena nikkhamissati, taṃ gotamadvāraṃ nāma bhavissati ; yena titthena gaṅgaṃ nadiṃ uttarissati, taṃ gotamatitthaṃ nāma bhavissatī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā yena dvārena nikkhami, taṃ gotamadvāraṃ nāma ahosi. Atha kho bhagavā yena gaṅgā nadī tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena gaṅgā nadī pūrā hoti samatittikā kākapeyyā. Manussā aññe nāvaṃ pariyesanti , aññe uḷumpaṃ pariyesanti, aññe kullaṃ bandhanti orā pāraṃ gantukāmā. Addasā kho bhagavā te manusse aññe nāvaṃ pariyesante, aññe uḷumpaṃ pariyesante, aññe kullaṃ bandhante orā pāraṃ gantukāme, disvāna seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva kho gaṅgāya nadiyā orimatīre antarahito pārimatīre paccuṭṭhāsi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
102那些渡越海湖的人，
‘‘Ye taranti aṇṇavaṃ saraṃ;
103造起桥梁，舍弃了沼泽浅滩；
Setuṃ katvāna visajja pallalāni;
104凡夫还在编筏，
Kullañhi jano bandhati;
105智者已超越而度脱了。
Tiṇṇā medhāvino janā’’ti.
139苏尼德瓦萨咖拉事完
Sunidhavassakāravatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
140175. 国帝村谛论
175. Koṭigāme saccakathā
287那时，世尊朝拘提村的方向走去。到达后，便安住于拘提村中。在那里，世尊对比丘们说：“诸比丘，正是由于对四圣谛未曾证悟、未曾通达，我与你们才会在如此漫长的时间里流转、轮回。是哪四种呢？诸比丘，正是由于对苦圣谛未曾证悟、未曾通达，我与你们才会在如此漫长的时间里流转、轮回；由于对苦集圣谛未曾证悟、未曾通达……由于对苦灭圣谛未曾证悟、未曾通达……由于对通往苦灭之道圣谛未曾证悟、未曾通达，我与你们才会在如此漫长的时间里流转、轮回。而今，诸比丘，这苦圣谛已经证悟、已经通达；苦集圣谛已经证悟、已经通达；苦灭圣谛已经证悟、已经通达；通往苦灭之道圣谛已经证悟、已经通达。对再生的渴爱已被彻底断除，再生的导向因已完全耗尽，如今不再有再生了。”
Atha kho bhagavā yena koṭigāmo tenupasaṅkami. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā koṭigāme viharati. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘catunnaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasaccānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa, bhikkhave, ariyasaccassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, ucchinnā bhavataṇhā, khīṇā bhavanetti, natthidāni punabbhavo’’ti.
107未能如实彻见四圣谛，
Catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ, yathābhūtaṃ adassanā;
108便在这漫长的时光中流转于种种生趣之间。
Saṃsitaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, tāsu tāsveva jātisu.
109这些四圣谛今已如实洞见，再生的导因已被彻底拔除；
Tāni etāni diṭṭhāni, bhavanetti samūhatā;
110苦的根已断，如今不再有后有。
Ucchinnaṃ mūlaṃ dukkhassa, natthidāni punabbhavoti.
146国帝村谛论完
Koṭigāme saccakathā niṭṭhitā.
147176. 庵婆巴离事
176. Ambapālīvatthu
288妓女庵婆巴离听说：“世尊已抵达拘提村。”于是，她吩咐备好一辆又一辆华贵的车乘，登上一辆华贵的车，乘着这些华贵的车从毗舍离城出发，前去拜见世尊。她乘车行到车所能至之处，便下车步行，来到世尊所在之处。到后，顶礼世尊，坐于一面。世尊以法语教示、劝导、激励，令坐于一旁的庵婆巴离心生欢喜。那时，庵婆巴离蒙世尊以法语教示、劝导、激励，心生欢喜，便对世尊说：“尊者，愿世尊与比丘僧团明日接受我的供食。”世尊默然接受。庵婆巴离了知世尊已接受，便从座而起，顶礼世尊，右绕礼敬，而后离去。
Assosi kho ambapālī gaṇikā – bhagavā kira koṭigāmaṃ anuppattoti. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā bhadrāni bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṃ bhadraṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi vesāliyā niyyāsi bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā, yānā paccorohitvā, pattikāva yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho ambapāliṃ gaṇikaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
149庵婆巴离事完
Ambapālīvatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
150177. 离车族事
177. Licchavīvatthu
289毗舍离的离车族人听说：“世尊已抵达拘提村。”于是，这些离车族人吩咐备好一辆又一辆华贵的车乘，登上一辆又一辆华贵的车，乘着这些华贵的车，从毗舍离城出发，前去拜见世尊。离车族人当中，有的全身蓝色，现蓝色貌，着蓝色衣，佩蓝色饰物；有的全身黄色，现黄色貌，着黄色衣，佩黄色饰物；有的全身红色，现红色貌，着红色衣，佩红色饰物；有的全身白色，现白色貌，着白色衣，佩白色饰物。那时，妓女庵婆巴离的车乘，与那些年轻离车族人的车乘，车辕与车辕相碰，车轭与车轭相碰，车轮与车轮相碰，车轴与车轴相碰，彼此交错擦撞。于是，那些离车族人对庵婆巴离说：“庵婆巴离，你为何与我们的年轻离车族人车辕相碰、车轭相碰、车轮相碰、车轴相碰地擦撞呢？”她回答说：“诸位少爷，因为我已邀请以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，明日接受我的供养。”离车族人说：“庵婆巴离，请将这次的供养让与我们，我们给你十万钱。”她说：“诸位少爷，纵使你们将整个毗舍离城及其所有食物都给我，我也绝不会出让那一餐供养。”听了这话，那些离车族人弹指作响，感叹地这样说：“哎呀，我们竟被那芒果女胜过了，我们竟输给了那芒果女啊。”于是，那些离车族人来到世尊所在处。世尊远远望见他们正走来，便对比丘们说：“诸比丘，如果你们之中有谁未曾见过三十三天的诸天，便仔细观察此离车族的集会吧；好好端详此离车族的集会吧；将此离车族的集会有如三十三天的集会那样来观想吧。”那时，那些离车族人乘车行至车辆可通行之处的尽头，便下车步行，来到世尊面前，顶礼世尊后，坐于一面。世尊以法语教示、劝导、激励、令心生欢喜地开示了坐在一面的离车族人。那些离车族人蒙世尊以法语教示、劝导、激励、令心生欢喜后，对世尊说：“尊者，愿世尊与比丘僧团明日接受我们的供养。”世尊回答：“离车族人，我已接受妓女庵婆巴离明日的供养了。”听了这话，那些离车族人又弹指作响，感叹地这样说：“哎呀，我们竟被那芒果女胜过了，我们竟输给了那芒果女啊。”于是，那些离车族人心生欢喜，随喜世尊的开示，即从座起，顶礼世尊，右绕致敬，然后离去。
Assosuṃ kho vesālikā licchavī – bhagavā kira koṭigāmaṃ anuppattoti. Atha kho vesālikā licchavī bhadrāni bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṃ bhadraṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi vesāliyā niyyāsuṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Appekacce licchavī nīlā honti nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā, appekacce licchavī pītā honti pītavaṇṇā pītavatthā pītālaṅkārā, appekacce licchavī lohitā honti lohitavaṇṇā lohitavatthā lohitālaṅkārā, appekacce licchavī odātā honti odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā daharānaṃ daharānaṃ licchavīnaṃ īsāya īsaṃ yugena yugaṃ cakkena cakkaṃ akkhena akkhaṃ paṭivaṭṭesi . Atha kho te licchavī ambapāliṃ gaṇikaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa, je ambapāli, daharānaṃ daharānaṃ licchavīnaṃ īsāya īsaṃ yugena yugaṃ cakkena cakkaṃ akkhena akkhaṃ paṭivaṭṭesī’’ti? ‘‘Tathā hi pana mayā, ayyaputtā, svātanāya buddhappamukho bhikkhusaṅgho nimantito’’ti. ‘‘Dehi, je ambapāli, amhākaṃ etaṃ bhattaṃ satasahassenā’’ti. ‘‘Sacepi me, ayyaputtā, vesāliṃ sāhāraṃ dajjeyyātha, neva dajjāhaṃ taṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho te licchavī aṅguliṃ phoṭesuṃ – ‘‘jitamhā vata, bho, ambakāya, parājitamha vata, bho, ambakāyā’’ti. Atha kho te licchavī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho bhagavā te licchavī dūratova āgacchante, disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘yehi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūhi devā tāvatiṃsā adiṭṭhapubbā, oloketha, bhikkhave, licchavīparisaṃ; apaloketha, bhikkhave, licchavīparisaṃ; upasaṃharatha, bhikkhave, licchavīparisaṃ tāvatiṃsaparisa’’nti. Atha kho te licchavī yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikāva yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te licchavī bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho te licchavī, bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘adhivāsetu no, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. ‘‘Adhivuṭṭhomhi, licchavī, svātanāya ambapāliyā gaṇikāya bhatta’’nti. Atha kho te licchavī aṅguliṃ phoṭesuṃ – ‘‘jitamha vata, bho, ambakāya, parājitamha vata , bho, ambakāyā’’ti. Atha kho te licchavī bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu.
113当时，世尊在拘提村随心住了一段时间后，便前往那提卡，住在那提卡的砖瓦堂中。那时，妓女庵婆婆离在那夜过后，在自己的园林里备好了上等的嚼食与啖食，随后派人告知世尊：“尊师，时候已到，饮食已备。”于是，世尊在午前着下衣，持钵与上衣，前往庵婆婆离供食之处。到达后，便在已铺设的座位上，与比丘僧团一同就坐。那时，妓女庵婆婆离亲手以这些上等的嚼食与啖食供奉以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，令他们满意饱足。见到世尊食毕、手离钵盂，她便在一旁坐下。坐定后，妓女庵婆婆离对世尊这样说：“尊师，我将此芒果园布施给以佛陀为首的比丘僧团。”世尊接受了这座园林。随后，世尊以法开示、教导、鼓舞、激励，令庵婆婆离欢喜，便从座起身，前往大林，住于毗舍离城大林中的重阁讲堂。
Atha kho bhagavā koṭigāme yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena nātikā tenupasaṅkami. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā nātike viharati giñjakāvasathe. Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā tassā rattiyā accayena sake ārāme paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena ambapāliyā gaṇikāya parivesanā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena . Atha kho ambapālī gaṇikā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho ambapālī gaṇikā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘imāhaṃ, bhante, ambavanaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dammī’’ti. Paṭiggahesi bhagavā ārāmaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā ambapāliṃ gaṇikaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena mahāvanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ.
153离车族事完
Licchavīvatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
154离车诵品第三完
Licchavibhāṇavāro niṭṭhito tatiyo.
155178. 狮子将军事
178. Sīhasenāpativatthu
290那时，众多声名显赫的离车族人聚集在议事厅中，以种种方式称赞佛陀、称赞法、称赞僧伽。那时，尼乾子的弟子狮子将军也坐在那集会中。这时，狮子将军心中生起这样的念头：“毫无疑问，那位世尊必定是阿拉汉、正自觉者！因为这些声名显赫的离车族人聚集在议事厅中，以种种方式称赞佛陀、称赞法、称赞僧伽。我何不去拜访那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者呢？”于是，狮子将军前往拜访尼乾子·若提子。到了之后，对尼乾子·若提子这样说：“尊师，我想去拜访沙门乔达摩。”尼乾子说：“狮子，你是一个主张‘有作用’的人，为何要去拜访主张‘无作用’的沙门乔达摩呢？狮子，沙门乔达摩是‘无作用论者’，他教导‘无作用’的法，并以此来训导弟子。”那时，狮子将军原先生起的想要去见世尊的念头，就这样打消了。第二次，众多声名显赫的离车族人又聚集在议事厅中，以种种方式称赞佛陀、称赞法、称赞僧伽。狮子将军第二次心中生起这样的念头：“毫无疑问，那位世尊必定是阿拉汉、正自觉者！因为这些声名显赫的离车族人聚集在议事厅中，以种种方式称赞佛陀、称赞法、称赞僧伽。我何不去拜访那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者呢？”于是，狮子将军第二次前往拜访尼乾子·若提子。到了之后，对尼乾子·若提子这样说：“尊师，我想去拜访沙门乔达摩。”尼乾子说：“狮子，你是一个主张‘有作用’的人，为何要去拜访主张‘无作用’的沙门乔达摩呢？狮子，沙门乔达摩是‘无作用论者’，他教导‘无作用’的法，并以此来训导弟子。”狮子将军想要去见世尊的念头，第二次又打消了。第三次，众多声名显赫的离车族人又聚集在议事厅中，以种种方式称赞佛陀、称赞法、称赞僧伽。狮子将军第三次心中生起这样的念头：“毫无疑问，那位世尊必定是阿拉汉、正自觉者！因为这些声名显赫的离车族人聚集在议事厅中，以种种方式称赞佛陀、称赞法、称赞僧伽。这些尼乾子，我告知他们也好，不告知他们也好，他们能对我做什么呢？我何不干脆不告知那些尼乾子，直接去拜访那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者呢？”
Tena kho pana samayena abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Tena kho pana samayena sīho senāpati nigaṇṭhasāvako tassaṃ parisāyaṃ nisinno hoti. Atha kho sīhassa senāpatissa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhavissati, tathā hime abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī santhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. Atha kho sīho senāpati yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, bhante, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitu’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, sīha, kiriyavādo samāno akiriyavādaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi? Samaṇo hi, sīha, gotamo akiriyavādo akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti. Atha kho sīhassa senāpatissa yo ahosi gamikābhisaṅkhāro bhagavantaṃ dassanāya, so paṭippassambhi. Dutiyampi kho abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyānena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Dutiyampi kho sīhassa senāpatissa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhavissati, tathā hime abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. Dutiyampi kho sīho senāpati yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, bhante, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitu’’nti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, sīha, kiriyavādo samāno akiriyavādaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi? Samaṇo hi, sīha, gotamo akiriyavādo akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti , tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti. Dutiyampi kho sīhassa senāpatissa yo ahosi gamikābhisaṅkhāro bhagavantaṃ dassanāya, so paṭippassambhi. Tatiyampi kho abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Tatiyampi kho sīhassa senāpatissa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhavissati, tathā hime abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī sandhāgāre sannisinnā sannipatitā anekapariyāyena buddhassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, dhammassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti, saṅghassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti. Kiñhi me karissanti nigaṇṭhā apalokitā vā anapalokitā vā? Yaṃnūnāhaṃ anapaloketvāva nigaṇṭhe taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti.
115那时，狮子将军在正午时分，带着五百辆车，从毗舍离城出发去见世尊。车子可行之处，他便乘车；到了车辆难行之地，便下车，步行前往世尊那里。到了之后，顶礼世尊，坐在一边。坐在一边的狮子将军对世尊说：“尊师，我曾听过这样的说法：‘沙门乔达摩是无作用论者，他教导无作用的法，以此训导弟子。’尊师，那些这样说的人——‘沙门乔达摩是无作用论者，他教导无作用的法，以此训导弟子’——他们是在如实讲述世尊您的教导吗？还是以不实之语诽谤世尊？他们是依法、顺法而说的吗？是否有任何如法、正当的言论会招致呵责？尊师，我们并无意曲解世尊。”
Atha kho sīho senāpati pañcahi rathasatehi divā divassa vesāliyā niyyāsi bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sīho senāpati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ me taṃ, bhante, ‘akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’ti. Ye te, bhante, evamāhaṃsu ‘akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’ti. Kacci te, bhante, bhagavato vuttavādino, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhanti, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākaronti, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchati? Anabbhakkhātukāmā hi mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavanta’’nti.
291狮子，有一种角度，由此角度，能如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是无作用论者，他教导无作用的法，以此训导弟子。’ 狮子，又有一种角度，由此角度，能如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是有作用论者，他教导有作用的法，以此训导弟子。’ 狮子，又有一种角度，由此角度，能如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是断灭论者，他教导断灭的法，以此训导弟子。’ 狮子，又有一种角度，由此角度，能如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是厌弃者，他教导厌弃的法，以此训导弟子。’ 狮子，又有一种角度，由此角度，能如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是调伏者，他教导调伏的法，以此训导弟子。’ 狮子，又有一种角度，由此角度，能如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是苦行者，他教导苦行的法，以此训导弟子。’ 狮子，又有一种角度，由此角度，能如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是离胎者，他教导离胎的法，以此训导弟子。’ 狮子，又有一种角度，由此角度，能如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是得安稳者，他教导安稳的法，以此训导弟子。’
‘‘Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – kiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo kiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ucchedavādo samaṇo gotamo ucchedāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – jegucchī samaṇo gotamo, jegucchitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – venayiko samaṇo gotamo, vinayāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – tapassī samaṇo gotamo, tapassitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – apagabbho samaṇo gotamo, apagabbhatāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti. Atthi, sīha , pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – assattho samaṇo gotamo, assāsāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
292“狮子，是哪种方式，依此方式，如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是无作用论者，他教导无作用的法，并以此训导弟子’呢？狮子，因为我宣说身恶行不应做、语恶行不应做、意恶行不应做；我宣说种种恶、不善法不应做。狮子，正是此方式，依此方式，如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是无作用论者，他教导无作用的法，并以此训导弟子。’
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti , tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, akiriyaṃ vadāmi kāyaduccaritassa vacīduccaritassa manoduccaritassa; anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ akiriyaṃ vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo , yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – akiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
118“狮子，是哪种方式，依此方式，如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是有作用论者，他教导有作用的法，并以此训导弟子’呢？狮子，因为我宣说身善行应做、语善行应做、意善行应做；我宣说种种善法应做。狮子，正是此方式，依此方式，如实说我者可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是有作用论者，他教导有作用的法，并以此训导弟子。’
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – kiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, kiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, kiriyaṃ vadāmi kāyasucaritassa vacīsucaritassa manosucaritassa, anekavihitānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ kiriyaṃ vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – kiriyavādo samaṇo gotamo, kiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
119狮子，依何种理趣，从这一理趣出发，能如实称说我的人方可这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是断灭论者，他教导断灭之法，以此训导弟子’呢？狮子，因为我宣说贪欲的断灭、嗔恚的断灭、愚痴的断灭；我宣说种种恶不善法的断灭。狮子，正是这一理趣，从这一理趣出发，如实称说我的人方可这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是断灭论者，他教导断灭之法，以此训导弟子。’
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ucchedavādo samaṇo gotamo, ucchedāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, ucchedaṃ vadāmi rāgassa dosassa mohassa; anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ucchedaṃ vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho , sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ucchedavādo samaṇo gotamo ucchedāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
120“狮子，从哪种角度出发，正确描述我的人可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是厌弃者，他教导厌弃之法，并以此训导弟子’呢？狮子，因为我厌弃身恶行、厌弃语恶行、厌弃意恶行；我厌弃种种恶、不善法的成就。狮子，正是这个角度，正确描述我的人可以这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是厌弃者，他教导厌弃之法，并以此训导弟子。’”
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – jegucchī samaṇo gotamo, jegucchitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, jigucchāmi kāyaduccaritena vacīduccaritena manoduccaritena; anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā jigucchāmi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – jegucchī samaṇo gotamo, jegucchitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
121狮子，在哪一种意义上，人们可以如理地这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是调伏者，他为调伏而说法，以此训导弟子’？狮子，我正是为了调伏贪欲、嗔恚、愚痴而说法，为了调伏种种恶、不善法而说法。狮子，正是从这一意义上，人们可以如理地这样说：‘沙门乔达摩是调伏者，他为调伏而说法，以此训导弟子。’
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – venayiko samaṇo gotamo, vinayāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, vinayāya dhammaṃ desemi rāgassa dosassa mohassa; anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ vinayāya dhammaṃ desemi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – venayiko samaṇo gotamo, vinayāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
122狮子，又从何种角度而言，有人能如实称说我：‘沙门乔达摩是苦行者，他为了苦行而说法，并以此教导弟子’呢？狮子，我将那些应被烧灼的、不善的恶法称为应被烧灼的——即身恶行、语恶行、意恶行。狮子，若有人已断除那些应被烧灼的、不善的恶法，将其连根拔起，如截顶的多罗树，归于灭无，未来不再生起，我便称他为苦行者。狮子，如来已断除那些应被烧灼的、不善的恶法，将其连根拔起，如截顶的多罗树，归于灭无，未来不再生起。狮子，正是从这个角度，有人能如实称说我：‘沙门乔达摩是苦行者，他为了苦行而说法，并以此教导弟子。’
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – tapassī samaṇo gotamo, tapassitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Tapanīyāhaṃ, sīha, pāpake akusale dhamme vadāmi – kāyaduccaritaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ manoduccaritaṃ. Yassa kho, sīha, tapanīyā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā, tamahaṃ tapassīti vadāmi. Tathāgatassa kho, sīha, tapanīyā pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchīnnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya ‘‘tapassī samaṇo gotamo tapassitāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti.
123狮子，从哪个角度来说，一个人可以正确地评说我：‘沙门乔达摩是离胎藏者，他为了离胎藏而说法，并以此来教导弟子们’呢？狮子，若有人未来的入胎、再有与再生已被断除，连根截断，如截去树顶的多罗树一般，归于无有，于未来不再生起，我便称他为离胎藏者。狮子，如来未来的入胎、再有与再生，确实已被断除，连根截断，如截去树顶的多罗树一般，归于无有，于未来不再生起。狮子，正是从这个角度，一个人可以正确地评说我：‘沙门乔达摩是离胎藏者，他为了离胎藏而说法，并以此来教导弟子们。’
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – apagabbho samaṇo gotamo apagabbhatāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Yassa kho, sīha, āyatiṃ gabbhaseyyā punabbhavābhinibbatti pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā, tamahaṃ apagabbhoti vadāmi. Tathāgatassa kho, sīha, āyatiṃ gabbhaseyyā punabbhavābhinibbatti pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – apagabbho samaṇo gotamo, apagabbhatāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti.
124狮子啊，从何种角度，一个人依此如理评价我，方可说：‘沙门乔达摩是安稳者，他说法令得安稳，并以此教导弟子’呢？狮子啊，我实已证得最上安稳，是安稳者；我说法令得安稳，并以此教导弟子。狮子啊，正是依此角度，一个人如理评价我，方可说：‘沙门乔达摩是安稳者，他说法令得安稳，并以此教导弟子。’
‘‘Katamo ca, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – assattho samaṇo gotamo assāsāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetīti? Ahañhi, sīha, assattho paramena assāsena, assāsāya dhammaṃ desemi, tena ca sāvake vinemi. Ayaṃ kho, sīha, pariyāyo, yena maṃ pariyāyena sammā vadamāno vadeyya – assattho samaṇo gotamo assāsāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti.
293听了这话，狮子将军对世尊这样说：“真是殊胜啊，尊者！……请世尊接受我为在家弟子，从今日起，直至命终，我都皈依。”世尊对他说：“狮子，你应仔细审察后再做决定。像你这样有名望、为人所知的人，审察而行方为善好。”狮子将军说：“尊者，世尊对我这样说：‘狮子，你应仔细审察后再做决定……’，这令我倍加满意与欢喜。尊者，若是其他外道得到我这样的弟子，他们便会遍毗舍离城张挂旗帜，宣扬：‘狮子将军已皈依我们！’而世尊却对我这样说：‘你应仔细审察后再做决定……’尊者，以此，我今第二遍皈依世尊、正法与比丘僧团。请世尊接受我为在家弟子，从今日起，直至命终，我都皈依。”世尊又对他说：“狮子，你的家族长久以来都是尼乾子们的供养来源，因此当他们到来时，你应当记得施与食物。”狮子将军说：“尊者，世尊如此对我说：‘狮子，你的家族长久以来都是尼乾子们的供养来源……’，这更令我对世尊满意、欢喜。尊者，我曾听说：‘沙门乔达摩……’
Evaṃ vutte sīho senāpati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. ‘‘Anuviccakāraṃ kho, sīha, karohi; anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’’ti. ‘‘Imināpāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato bhiyyosomattāya attamano abhiraddho, yaṃ maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘anuviccakāraṃ kho, sīha, karohi; anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’ti. Mamañhi, bhante, aññatitthiyā sāvakaṃ labhitvā kevalakappaṃ vesāliṃ paṭākaṃ parihareyyuṃ – ‘sīho kho amhākaṃ senāpati sāvakattaṃ upagato’ti. Atha ca pana maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘anuviccakāraṃ kho, sīha, karohi; anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’ti. Esāhaṃ, bhante, dutiyampi bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. ‘‘Dīgharattaṃ kho te, sīha, nigaṇṭhānaṃ opānabhūtaṃ kulaṃ, yena nesaṃ upagatānaṃ piṇḍakaṃ dātabbaṃ maññeyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Imināpāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato bhiyyosomattāya attamano abhiraddho, yaṃ maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘dīgharattaṃ kho te, sīha, nigaṇṭhānaṃ opānabhūtaṃ kulaṃ, yena nesaṃ upagatānaṃ piṇḍakaṃ dātabbaṃ maññeyyāsī’ti. Sutaṃ me taṃ, bhante, samaṇo gotamo evamāha – ‘mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, na aññesaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ; mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, na aññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ ; mayhameva dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, na aññesaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ; mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, na aññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphala’nti. Atha ca pana maṃ bhagavā nigaṇṭhesupi dāne samādapeti. Api ca, bhante, mayamettha kālaṃ jānissāma. Esāhaṃ, bhante, tatiyampi bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
126那时，世尊为狮子将军次第开示，诸如：布施论……狮子将军于世尊的教法，已生起净信，无有疑惑，便对世尊说：“尊者，请世尊与比丘僧团明日接受饭食供养。”世尊默然应允。狮子将军了知世尊已接受，便从座起身，向世尊行礼，右绕而去。
Atha kho bhagavā sīhassa senāpatissa anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ…pe… aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho sīho senāpati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
294那时，狮子将军吩咐一个人说：“你去寻一些自死的肉来。”一夜过后，狮子将军让人准备了丰美的食物，随后派人告知世尊：“尊者，正是时候，饭食已备。”世尊于午前时分，着下衣，持钵与衣，前往狮子将军的住处。抵达后，与比丘僧团一同在敷好的座位上坐下。
Atha kho sīho senāpati aññataraṃ purisaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘gaccha, bhaṇe, pavattamaṃsaṃ jānāhī’’ti. Atha kho sīho senāpati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sīhassa senāpatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena.
128那时，许多尼乾子在毗舍离城中，穿街走巷，在十字路口挥舞着手臂，哭喊道：“今天，狮子将军杀了一头大牲口，为沙门乔达摩备办了饭食！那位沙门乔达摩，明知这肉是专为他而杀，却故意食用，这行为是因他而起的！” 那时，有一个人来到狮子将军那里，凑近他的耳边报告说：“大人，您可知道，那些尼乾子正满街哭喊道：‘今天狮子将军杀了一头大牲口，为沙门乔达摩备办饭食；沙门乔达摩明知是专为他而杀的肉，却还故意食用。’” 狮子将军说：“够了，朋友！那些长老长久以来就一直希图诽谤佛陀、诽谤法、诽谤僧团。然而，那些长老从不厌弃用虚假、空洞、不实的言辞来诋毁世尊。我们即使为了活命，也绝不会故意杀害众生。” 那时，狮子将军亲手以丰盛的食物供养以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，令他们饱足满意。待世尊食毕，放下钵，洗过手后，他便坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的狮子将军，以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、令其欢喜之后，便从座起身离去了。那时，世尊以此因缘、以此事缘，在作了佛法开示之后，对诸比丘说：“诸比丘！” 诸比丘回答：“世尊！” 世尊说：“诸比丘，狮子将军是一位在家弟子，他已证初果、入预流；他已见法、得法、知法、入法，度越疑惑，于正法得不退转，当来证得涅槃。诸比丘，狮子将军是一位在家弟子，他已证初果、入预流；他已见法、得法、知法、入法，度越疑惑，于正法得不退转，当来证得涅槃。”
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā nigaṇṭhā vesāliyaṃ rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ bāhā paggayha kandanti – ‘‘ajja sīhena senāpatinā thūlaṃ pasuṃ vadhitvā samaṇassa gotamassa bhattaṃ kataṃ, taṃ samaṇo gotamo jānaṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjati paṭiccakamma’’nti. Atha kho aññataro puriso yena sīho senāpati tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā sīhassa senāpatissa upakaṇṇake ārocesi ‘‘yagghe, bhante, jāneyyāsi, ete sambahulā nigaṇṭhā vesāliyaṃ rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ bāhā paggayha kandanti – ‘ajja sīhena senāpatinā thūlaṃ pasuṃ vadhitvā samaṇassa gotamassa bhattaṃ kataṃ, taṃ samaṇo gotamo jānaṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjati paṭiccakamma’’’nti. ‘‘Alaṃ ayyo, dīgharattampi te āyasmantā avaṇṇakāmā buddhassa, avaṇṇakāmā dhammassa, avaṇṇakāmā saṅghassa; na ca pana te āyasmantā jiridanti taṃ bhagavantaṃ asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhantā; na ca mayaṃ jīvitahetupi sañcicca pāṇaṃ jīvitā voropeyyāmā’’ti. Atha kho sīho senāpati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho sīhaṃ senāpatiṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, jā naṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tikoṭiparisuddhaṃ macchamaṃsaṃ – adiṭṭhaṃ assutaṃ aparisaṅkita’’nti.
171狮子将军事完
Sīhasenāpativatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
172179. 允许净地
179. Kappiyabhūmianujānanā
295彼时，毗舍离城食丰物阜，庄稼丰饶，团食易得，仅凭捡拾与接受供养即可安然度日。当时，世尊于独处静修时，心中生起这样的思惟：“那些我在饥荒、歉收、团食难得之时，为比丘们开许的——内藏食、内煮食、自煮食、捡取受用食、取来食、食前受食、林间食、池中食——这些食物，如今比丘们是否仍在使用呢？”那时，世尊于傍晚时分从静修处而起，对具寿阿难说道：“阿难，那些我在饥荒、歉收、团食难得之时，为比丘们开许的——内藏食、内煮食、自煮食、捡取受用食、取来食、食前受食、林间食、池中食——这些食物，如今比丘们是否仍在使用呢？”“仍在使用，世尊。”那时，世尊以此因缘、以此事由，作了一番法开示后，对比丘们说道：“诸比丘，那些我在饥荒、歉收、团食难得之时，为你们开许的——内藏食、内煮食、自煮食、捡取受用食、取来食、食前受食、林间食、池中食——从今日起，我一概禁止。诸比丘，不应受用内藏食、内煮食、自煮食、捡取受用之食。若受用者，犯恶作。诸比丘，不应受用取来食、食前受食、林间食、池中食。若受用者，犯恶作。诸比丘，不应受用内藏食、内煮食、自煮食、捡取受用之食。若受用者，犯恶作。诸比丘，不应受用取来食、食前受食、林间食、池中食。若受用者，犯恶作。”
Tena kho pana samayena vesālī subhikkhā hoti susassā sulabhapiṇḍā, sukarā uñchena paggahena yāpetuṃ. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘yāni tāni mayā bhikkhūnaṃ anuññātāni dubbhikkhe dussasse dullabhapiṇḍe anto vuṭṭhaṃ anto pakkaṃ sāmaṃ pakkaṃ uggahitapaṭiggahitakaṃ tato nīhaṭaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ, ajjāpi nu kho tāni bhikkhū paribhuñjantī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘yāni tāni, ānanda, mayā bhikkhūnaṃ anuññātāni dubbhikkhe dussasse dullabhapiṇḍe anto vuṭṭhaṃ anto pakkaṃ sāmaṃ pakkaṃ uggahitapaṭiggahitakaṃ tato nīhaṭaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ, ajjāpi nu kho tāni bhikkhū paribhuñjantī’’ti? ‘‘Paribhuñjanti bhagavā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘yāni tāni, bhikkhave, mayā bhikkhūnaṃ anuññātāni dubbhikkhe dussasse dullabhapiṇḍe anto vuṭṭhaṃ anto pakkaṃ sāmaṃ pakkaṃ uggahitapaṭiggahitakaṃ tato nīhaṭaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ, tānāhaṃ ajjatagge paṭikkhipāmi. Na, bhikkhave, anto vuṭṭhaṃ anto pakkaṃ sāmaṃ pakkaṃ uggahitapaṭiggahitakaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, tato nīhaṭaṃ purebhattaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ vanaṭṭhaṃ pokkharaṭṭhaṃ bhuttāvinā pavāritena anatirittaṃ paribhuñjitabbaṃ. Yo paribhuñjeyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
130那时，有乡村居民将大量的盐、油、米和嚼食装载于车上，来到寺院外围的院门边，将车圈成一圈停在那里等候，心想：“待轮到我们时，我们便备办饭食。”这时，天空涌起大片的雨云。那些人便来到具寿阿难处，到了之后，对具寿阿难说：“阿难尊者，这里有众多装载着盐、油、米和嚼食的车辆停放着，而天上已涌起大片的雨云。阿难尊者，我们该如何是好？”于是，具寿阿难将此事禀告世尊。“那样的话，阿难，僧团应指定一处边远的寺院作为净地，让食物存放于彼处。无论僧团欲指定何种——寺院也好，半圆屋也好，殿堂也好，楼阁也好，山洞也好——皆可。诸比丘，应当这样指定：应由一位能干、有能力的比丘向僧团宣告：”
Tena kho pana samayena jānapadā manussā bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropetvā bahārāmakoṭṭhake sakaṭaparivaṭṭaṃ karitvā acchanti – yadā paṭipāṭiṃ labhissāma, tadā bhattaṃ karissāmāti. Mahā ca megho uggato hoti. Atha kho te manussā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante ānanda, bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropitā tiṭṭhanti, mahā ca megho uggato ; kathaṃ nu kho, bhante ānanda, paṭipajjitabba’’nti? Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Tena hānanda, saṅgho paccantimaṃ vihāraṃ kappiyabhūmiṃ sammannitvā tattha vāsetu, yaṃ saṅgho ākaṅkhati vihāraṃ vā aḍḍhayogaṃ vā pāsādaṃ vā hammiyaṃ vā guhaṃ vā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbā. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
131尊者，请僧团听我说。若僧团已到适当时机，应指定某寺院为净地。此为动议。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ vihāraṃ kappiyabhūmiṃ sammanneyya, esā ñatti.
132尊者，请僧团听我说。僧团指定某寺院为净地。哪位具寿赞同指定某寺院为净地，请保持沉默；哪位不赞同，请即发言。
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ vihāraṃ kappiyabhūmiṃ sammannati . Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa vihārassa kappiyabhūmiyā sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
133“僧团已指定某寺院为净地。僧团认可，故默然。我如此受持此事。”
‘‘Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo vihāro kappiyabhūmi. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
134那时，人们就在自己指定的净地里煮粥、烧饭、备办菜肴、剁肉、劈柴。世尊在后夜时分起身后，听到一阵喧嚷嘈杂、犹如乌鸦乱叫般的高声。闻后，世尊便对具寿阿难说：“阿难，那边如此喧嚷嘈杂、犹如乌鸦乱叫般的高声，究竟是怎么回事？”“世尊，现在人们正在指定的净地里煮粥、烧饭、备办菜肴、剁肉、劈柴。世尊，这就是那喧嚷嘈杂、犹如乌鸦乱叫般的高声。”于是，世尊以此因缘、以此事缘开示法后，对比丘们说：“诸比丘，不应受用指定的净地。若受用，犯恶作。诸比丘，我开许三种净地：宣告边净地、牛卧处净地、居士净地。”
Tena kho pana samayena manussā tattheva sammutiyā kappiyabhūmiyā yāguyo pacanti, bhattāni pacanti, sūpāni sampādenti, maṃsāni koṭṭenti, kaṭṭhāni phālenti. Assosi kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya uccāsaddaṃ mahāsaddaṃ kākoravasaddaṃ, sutvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho so, ānanda, uccāsaddo mahāsaddo kākoravasaddo’’ti? ‘‘Etarahi, bhante, manussā tattheva sammutiyā kappiyabhūmiyā yāguyo pacanti, bhattāni pacanti, sūpāni sampādenti, maṃsāni koṭṭenti, kaṭṭhāni phālenti. So eso, bhagavā, uccāsaddo mahāsaddo kākoravasaddo’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sammuti kappiyabhūmi paribhuñjitabbā. Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tisso kappiyabhūmiyo – ussāvanantikaṃ gonisādikaṃ gahapati’’nti.
135那时，具寿亚索佳身患疾病。人们为他送来药物，诸比丘便将药存放在外。鸟雀来啄食，盗贼也来偷取。比丘们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，我开许受用指定的净地。诸比丘，我开许四种净地：宣告边净地、牛卧处净地、居士净地、僧团指定的净地。”
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā yasojo gilāno hoti. Tassatthāya bhesajjāni āhariyanti. Tāni bhikkhū bahi vāsenti. Ukkapiṇḍikāpi khādanti, corāpi haranti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, sammutiṃ kappiyabhūmiṃ paribhuñjituṃ . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, catasso kappiyabhūmiyo – ussāvanantikaṃ gonisādikaṃ gahapatiṃ sammutinti.
180允许净地完
Kappiyabhūmianujānanā niṭṭhitā.
181狮子诵品第四完
Sīhabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito catuttho.
182180. 面达咖居士事
180. Meṇḍakagahapativatthu
296那时，在跋提城中住着一位名叫面达咖的居士，他有这样的神通力：他洗完头，让人扫净谷仓，便坐于门外，谷物即从空中如雨一般倾落，将谷仓装满。他的妻子有这样的神通力：她仅靠近一口一阿罗哈容量的锅和一只汤菜碗坐着，便可为奴仆与工人供给饭食，只要她不站起身，食物便不会耗竭。他的儿子有这样的神通力：他只手持一个装千钱的袋，便能给奴仆与工人发放六个月的工钱，只要那钱袋还在他手中，钱便不会耗尽。他的儿媳有这样的神通力：她仅靠近一个容量四斗的篮子坐着，便能给奴仆与工人发放六个月的粮食，只要她不站起身，粮食便不会耗尽。他的奴隶有这样的神通力：他用一张犁耕地，便能犁出七道犁沟。
Tena kho pana samayena bhaddiyanagare meṇḍako gahapati paṭivasati. Tassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – sīsaṃ nahāyitvā dhaññāgāraṃ sammajjāpetvā bahidvāre nisīdati, antalikkhā dhaññassa dhārā opatitvā dhaññāgāraṃ pūreti. Bhariyāya evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – ekaṃyeva āḷhakathālikaṃ upanisīditvā ekañca sūpabhiñjanakaṃ dāsakammakaraporisaṃ bhattena parivisati, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. Puttassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – ekaṃyeva sahassathavikaṃ gahetvā dāsakammakaraporisassa chamāsikaṃ vetanaṃ deti, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāvassa hatthagatā. Suṇisāya evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – ekaṃyeva catudoṇikaṃ piṭakaṃ upanisīditvā dāsakammakaraporisassa chamāsikaṃ bhattaṃ deti, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. Dāsassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo hoti – ekena naṅgalena kasantassa satta sītāyo gacchanti.
137摩揭陀国斯尼耶·频婆娑罗王听说：“传闻在我的国土中，跋提城住着一位名叫面达咖的居士。他拥有这般神通威力：洗完头，令人打扫谷仓后，坐在门外，谷物便从虚空如雨般倾泻而下，将谷仓装满。他的妻子拥有这般神通威力：只需坐在一锅饭与一碟菜旁，便能分给奴仆与工人食物，只要她不站起，食物便不会枯竭。他的儿子拥有这般神通威力：只握着一千钱袋，便能给奴仆与工人发放六个月的工钱，只要钱袋还在他手中，钱财便不会枯竭。他的儿媳拥有这般神通威力：只需坐在一个四斗篮旁，便能给奴仆与工人发放六个月的食物，只要她不站起，食物便不会枯竭。他的奴仆拥有这般神通威力：用一张犁耕地，便能犁出七道犁沟。”于是，摩揭陀国斯尼耶·频婆娑罗王召来一位全权大臣，说道：“喂，听说在我的国土中，跋提城住着一位名叫面达咖的居士，他拥有这般神通威力……去，你前去亲眼看个究竟，就如我亲眼见到一样。”
Assosi kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro – ‘‘amhākaṃ kira vijite bhaddiyanagare meṇḍako gahapati paṭivasati. Tassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – sīsaṃ nahāyitvā dhaññāgāraṃ sammajjāpetvā bahidvāre nisīdati, antalikkhā dhaññassa dhārā opatitvā dhaññāgāraṃ pūreti. Bhariyāya evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – ekaṃyeva āḷhakathālikaṃ upanisīditvā ekañca sūpabhiñjanakaṃ dāsakammakaraporisaṃ bhattena parivisati, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. Puttassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – ekaṃyeva sahassathavikaṃ gahetvā dāsakammakaraporisassa chamāsikaṃ vetanaṃ deti, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāvassa hatthagatā. Suṇisāya evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – ekaṃyeva catudoṇikaṃ piṭakaṃ upanisīditvā dāsakammakaraporisassa chamāsikaṃ bhattaṃ deti, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. Dāsassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – ekena naṅgalena kasantassa satta sītāyo gacchantī’’ti. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro aññataraṃ sabbatthakaṃ mahāmattaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘amhākaṃ kira, bhaṇe, vijite bhaddiyanagare meṇḍako gahapati paṭivasati. Tassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo – sīsaṃ nahāyitvā dhaññāgāraṃ sammajjāpetvā bahidvāre nisīdati, antalikkhā dhaññassa dhārā opatitvā dhaññāgāraṃ pūreti. Bhariyāya…pe… puttassa… suṇisāya… dāsassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo, ekena naṅgalena kasantassa satta sītāyo gacchantīti. Gaccha, bhaṇe, jānāhi. Yathā mayā sāmaṃ diṭṭho, evaṃ tava diṭṭho bhavissatī’’ti.
297那位大臣应诺摩揭陀国斯尼耶·频婆娑罗王：“是，陛下。”随即率领四兵军众向跋提城进发。他一路次第前行，抵达跋提城后，便来到面达咖居士处。见面之后，他对面达咖居士说：“居士，我奉国王之命而来。国王说：‘听说在我国土境内的跋提城中，住着一位名叫面达咖的居士，他具有这样的神通威力……你前去探明，如同我亲眼所见一般，你也要亲眼目睹。’居士，请让我们瞻仰您的神通威力吧。”于是，面达咖居士洗过头，命人打扫谷仓，坐于门外，谷物便从空中如雨降下，将谷仓装满。“居士，您的神通威力我们已亲眼见到。我们还想瞻仰您妻子的神通威力。”于是，面达咖居士吩咐他的妻子：“那么，请你以饮食款待这四兵军众吧。”于是，面达咖居士的妻子仅端坐于一锅饭与一碟菜旁，便向四兵军众分发食物；只要她不站起身，食物便不减少。“居士，您妻子的神通威力也已见到。我们想瞻仰您儿子的神通威力。”于是，面达咖居士吩咐他的儿子：“那么，请你向这四兵军众发放六个月的薪饷吧。”于是，面达咖居士的儿子仅手持一个千钱袋，便向四兵军众发放了六个月的薪饷；只要钱袋还在他手中，钱币便不减少。“居士，您儿子的神通威力也已见到。我们想瞻仰您儿媳的神通威力。”于是，面达咖居士吩咐他的儿媳：“那么，请你向这四兵军众发放六个月的食粮吧。”于是，面达咖居士的儿媳仅坐于一个四斗篮旁，便向四兵军众发放了六个月的食粮；只要她不站起身，食物便不减少。“居士，您儿媳的神通威力也已见到。我们想瞻仰您奴仆的神通威力。”面达咖居士说：“大人，我奴仆的神通威力须在田间观看。”大臣说：“足够了，居士，您奴仆的神通威力也已见到。”于是，那位大臣又率领四兵军众返回王舍城。他前去拜见摩揭陀国斯尼耶·频婆娑罗王，抵达后，便将此事禀告了国王。
Evaṃ , devāti kho so mahāmatto rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa paṭissuṇitvā caturaṅginiyā senāya yena bhaddiyaṃ tena pāyāsi. Anupubbena yena bhaddiyaṃ yena meṇḍako gahapati tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahañhi, gahapati, raññā āṇatto ‘amhākaṃ kira, bhaṇe, vijite bhaddiyanagare meṇḍako gahapati paṭivasati, tassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo, sīsaṃ nahāyitvā…pe… bhariyāya… puttassa… suṇisāya… dāsassa evarūpo iddhānubhāvo, ekena naṅgalena kasantassa satta sītāyo gacchantī’ti, gaccha, bhaṇe, jānāhi. Yathā mayā sāmaṃ diṭṭho, evaṃ tava diṭṭho bhavissatī’ti. Passāma te, gahapati, iddhānubhāva’’nti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati sīsaṃ nahāyitvā dhaññāgāraṃ sammajjāpetvā bahidvāre nisīdi, antalikkhā dhaññassa dhārā opatitvā dhaññāgāraṃ pūresi. ‘‘Diṭṭho te, gahapati, iddhānubhāvo. Bhariyāya te iddhānubhāvaṃ passissāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhariyaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ bhattena parivisā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa bhariyā ekaṃyeva āḷhakathālikaṃ upanisīditvā ekañca sūpabhiñjanakaṃ caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ bhattena parivisi, na tāva taṃ khiyyati, yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. ‘‘Diṭṭho te, gahapati, bhariyāyapi iddhānubhāvo. Puttassa te iddhānubhāvaṃ passissāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati puttaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi caturaṅginiyā senāya chamāsikaṃ vetanaṃ dehī’’ti . Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa putto ekaṃyeva sahassathavikaṃ gahetvā caturaṅginiyā senāya chamāsikaṃ vetanaṃ adāsi, na tāva taṃ khiyyati, yāvassa hatthagatā. ‘‘Diṭṭho te, gahapati, puttassapi iddhānubhāvo. Suṇisāya te iddhānubhāvaṃ passissāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati suṇisaṃ āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi caturaṅginiyā senāya chamāsikaṃ bhattaṃ dehī’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa suṇisā ekaṃyeva catudoṇikaṃ piṭakaṃ upanisīditvā caturaṅginiyā senāya chamāsikaṃ bhattaṃ adāsi, na tāva taṃ khiyyati yāva sā na vuṭṭhāti. ‘‘Diṭṭho te, gahapati, suṇisāyapi iddhānubhāvo. Dāsassa te iddhānubhāvaṃ passissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Mayhaṃ kho, sāmi, dāsassa iddhānubhāvo khette passitabbo’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, gahapati, diṭṭho te dāsassapi iddhānubhāvo’’ti. Atha kho so mahāmatto caturaṅginiyā senāya punadeva rājagahaṃ paccāgañchi. Yena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa etamatthaṃ ārocesi.
298那时，世尊在毗舍离随意而住之后，便与约一千二百五十位比丘组成的大僧团一起，向跋提城出发游化。世尊次第游化，抵达跋提。在那里，世尊住于跋提的薛荔林。面达咖居士听说：“释迦族的儿子，从释迦族出家的沙门乔达摩已到达跋提，住在薛荔林。关于那位乔达摩世尊，流传着这样的美好声誉：‘那位世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。’他亲自证知并开示了有天神、魔罗与梵天的世界，以及包含沙门、婆罗门、天神与人类的众生。他所宣说的法，开头善、中间善、结尾亦善，义理与文句皆圆满完备，全然清净，他开显的是梵行。能见到这样的阿拉汉，确实是一件好事。’”于是，面达咖居士命人套上种种华美的车辆，亲自登上一辆华美的车，乘着华美的车辆从跋提城出发，前往拜见世尊。众多外道修行者远远望见面达咖居士正走来，见到之后，对面达咖居士说：“居士，你要去哪里？”他说：“贤者们，我要去拜见沙门乔达摩。”他们说：“居士，你本是持‘有造作’论者，为何还要去拜见持‘无造作’论的沙门乔达摩呢？居士，沙门乔达摩可是持‘无造作’论的人，他宣说‘无造作’的法，并用这
Atha kho bhagavā vesāliyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bhaddiyaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bhaddiyaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā bhaddiye viharati jātiyā vane. Assosi kho meṇḍako gahapati – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito bhaddiyaṃ anuppatto bhaddiye viharati jātiyā vane. Taṃ kho pana bhagavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ . So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhadrāni bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṃ bhadraṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi bhaddiyā niyyāsi bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Addasaṃsu kho sambahulā titthiyā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ, disvāna meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kahaṃ tvaṃ, gahapati, gacchasī’’ti? ‘‘Gacchāmahaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, gahapati, kiriyavādo samāno akiriyavādaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi? Samaṇo hi, gahapati, gotamo akiriyavādo akiriyāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena ca sāvake vinetī’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa etadahosi – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ, kho so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhavissati, yathayime titthiyā usūyantī’’ti. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ…pe… aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ . Adhivāsetu ca me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
140次日，面达咖居士命人备好丰盛的上等嚼食与啖食后，便派人向世尊通报：‘尊者，时间已到，斋饭已经备好。’世尊于午前时分，著下衣，持钵与衣，前往面达咖居士的住处，到了之后，在已设好的座位与比丘僧团一同坐下。那时，面达咖居士的妻子、儿子、儿媳与奴仆们也来到世尊处，顶礼后坐于一旁。世尊为他们次第说法，即：布施论……他们对世尊的教导生起远离疑惑的净信，对世尊说：‘真是殊胜啊，尊者！……我们皈依世尊、法和比丘僧团；请世尊接纳我们为优婆塞、优婆夷，从今日起，直至命终，我们皆皈依三宝。’那时，面达咖居士亲手以上等嚼食与啖食，充分供奉、款待以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，令其完全满足。待世尊用斋完毕，将手从钵中移开后，他坐到一旁。坐在一旁的面达咖居士对世尊说：‘尊者，只要世尊住于跋提，我当以日常定食供奉以佛陀为首的比丘僧团。’那时，世尊以法语开示、教导、策励、令面达咖居士心生欢喜后，从座而起。
Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena meṇḍakassa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho meṇḍakassa gahapatissa bhariyā ca putto ca suṇisā ca dāso ca yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu , upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Tesaṃ bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ…pe… aparappaccayā satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yāva, bhante, bhagavā bhaddiye viharati tāva ahaṃ buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa dhuvabhattenā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
188面达咖居士事完
Meṇḍakagahapativattha niṭṭhitaṃ.
189181. 允许五种美味等
181. Pañcagorasādianujānanā
299当时，世尊在跋提随心住了一段时日后，未向面达咖居士告辞，便率领由约一千二百五十位比丘组成的大僧团，朝鸯伽多罗波国方向游行而去。面达咖居士听闻‘世尊已率领由约一千二百五十位比丘组成的大僧团，朝鸯伽多罗波国方向游化而去’，便对奴仆与劳工们说：‘诸位贤友，把盐、油、米和干食多装一些……’
Atha kho bhagavā bhaddiye yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ anāpucchā yena aṅguttarāpo tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Assosi kho meṇḍako gahapati – ‘‘bhagavā kira yena aṅguttarāpo tena cārikaṃ pakkanto mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati dāse ca kammakare ca āṇāpesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhaṇe, bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi sakaṭesu āropetvā āgacchatha, aḍḍhatelasāni ca gopālakasatāni aḍḍhatelasāni ca dhenusatāni ādāya āgacchantu, yattha bhagavantaṃ passissāma tattha taruṇena khīrena bhojessāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavantaṃ antarāmagge kantāre sambhāvesi. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
142隔夜，面达咖居士让人备办好丰盛的上等嚼食与啖食后，便派人禀告世尊时间已到：“尊者，正是时候，饭食已经备好。”于是，世尊于午前时分，穿好下衣，持着衣钵，来到面达咖居士的供斋之处。到达后，即在备好的座位上与比丘僧团一同坐下。那时，面达咖居士吩咐那一千二百五十位牧牛人说：“来，你们每人牵一头奶牛，去到每位比丘跟前，用新鲜牛奶供养他们。”接着，面达咖居士亲手将丰盛的上等嚼食与啖食，以及新鲜牛奶，供奉并满足以佛陀为首的比丘僧团。比丘们因心存顾虑，不敢接受牛奶。世尊便说：“接受吧，比丘们，享用吧。”于是，面达咖居士亲手以丰盛的上等嚼食与啖食及新鲜牛奶，供奉并满足以佛陀为首的比丘僧团。待世尊食毕，从钵中收回手后，他坐到一旁。坐在一旁的面达咖居士对世尊说：“尊者，有些路途是荒野，缺水少食，若不携带干粮便难以前行。世尊，恳请您允许比丘们备办干粮。”那时，世尊以法义开示教导、鼓励、策励面达咖居士，令他心生欢喜后，便从座起身离去。此后，世尊以这件事为因缘、为缘起，作了一番法义开示后，对比丘们说：“比丘们，我允许五种乳品：奶、酪、酪浆、生酥、熟酥。比丘们，有些路是荒野，缺水少食，不带干粮便难以前行。比丘们，我允许为了备办干粮而寻求：需要米者可寻求米，需要绿豆者可寻求绿豆，需要乌豆者可寻求乌豆，需要盐者可寻求盐，需要糖者可寻求糖，需要油者可寻求油，需要熟酥者可寻求熟酥。比丘们，有些具信心、有净信的人们，会把钱财交给净人，说道：‘用这些钱，为尊者们购买那些如法的物品吧。’比丘们，我允许你们接受用这些钱购得、如法得来的物品。然而，比丘们，在任何情况下，我都绝不说你们可以接受或寻求金银。”
Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena meṇḍakassa gahapatissa parivesanā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati aḍḍhatelasāni gopālakasatāni āṇāpesi – ‘‘tenahi, bhaṇe, ekamekaṃ dhenuṃ gahetvā ekamekassa bhikkhuno upatiṭṭhatha taruṇena khīrena bhojessāmā’’ti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi, taruṇena ca khīrena. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā khīraṃ na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjathāti. Atha kho meṇḍako gahapati buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā taruṇena ca khīrena bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho meṇḍako gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santi, bhante, maggā kantārā, appodakā appabhakkhā, na sukarā apātheyyena gantuṃ. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ pātheyyaṃ anujānātū’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā meṇḍakaṃ gahapatiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca gorase – khīraṃ, dadhiṃ, takkaṃ, navanītaṃ, sappiṃ. Santi, bhikkhave, maggā kantārā appodakā appabhakkhā, na sukarā apātheyyena gantuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pātheyyaṃ pariyesituṃ taṇḍulo taṇḍulatthikena, muggo muggatthikena, māso māsatthikena, loṇaṃ loṇatthikena , guḷo guḷatthikena, telaṃ telatthikena, sappi sappitthikena. Santi, bhikkhave, manussā, saddhā pasannā, te kappiyakārakānaṃ hatthe hiraññaṃ upanikkhipanti – ‘iminā ayyassa yaṃ kappiyaṃ taṃ dethā’ti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṃ tato kappiyaṃ taṃ sādituṃ; na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kenaci pariyāyena jātarūparajataṃ sāditabbaṃ pariyesitabbanti vadāmī’’ti.
192允许五种美味等完
Pañcagorasādianujānanā niṭṭhitā.
193182. 盖尼亚结发行者事
182. Keṇiyajaṭilavatthu
300那时，世尊次第游化，来到了阿波那村。结发行者盖尼亚听说：“那位沙门乔达摩，是释迦族的儿子，从释迦族出家，已经抵达阿波那村了。关于乔达摩尊者，流传着这样美好的声誉……（同前文）……能见到这样的阿拉汉，实为善事。”那时，结发行者盖尼亚心想：“我应拿什么来款待沙门乔达摩呢？”接着，结发行者盖尼亚又想：“那些古代婆罗门的仙人——咒语的创作者与传承者，现今的婆罗门们仍依着那些古代咒语文句在吟诵、念诵、讲说、教授，即：阿吒、瓦摩伽、瓦摩提婆、毗沙米多、阎摩多祇、鸯耆罗、跋罗堕若、婆悉吒、迦叶、跋苟。这些仙人戒除夜间饮食，远离非时食，他们皆受用这样的饮料。沙门乔达摩同样戒除夜间饮食，远离非时食，他也应适宜受用这样的饮料。”于是，他令人备办了大量饮料，以扁担挑着，前往世尊之处。到了之后，与世尊互相问候，作过友善、令人铭记的交谈，立于一旁。立于一旁的结发行者盖尼亚对世尊说：“请乔达摩尊者接受这些饮料。”世尊这样说：“既如此，盖尼亚，你就分给诸比丘吧。”结发行者盖尼亚便分给诸比丘。诸比丘心怀顾忌，不敢接受。世尊这样说：“接受吧，诸比丘，享用吧。”那时，结发行者盖尼亚亲手以大量饮料，供奉并款待以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，令他们完全满足。随后，在世尊洗手、从钵中收手之后，他坐在一旁。世尊以法义开示教导、策励、鼓舞坐在一旁的结发行者盖尼亚。那时，结发行者盖尼亚被世尊的法义开示所教导、策励、鼓舞，便对世尊说：“愿乔达摩尊者和比丘僧团一起，接受我明天的供斋。”世尊这样说：“盖尼亚，比丘僧团很大，有一千二百五十位比丘。而且，你对婆罗门们深怀净信。”第二次，结发行者盖尼亚再次对世尊说：“乔达摩尊者，纵使比丘僧团很大，有一千二百五十位比丘，我也对婆罗门们深怀净信，仍愿您和比丘僧团一起，接受我明天的供斋。”世尊这样说：“盖尼亚，比丘僧团很大……”第三次，结发行者盖尼亚又对世尊说：“乔达摩尊者，纵使比丘僧团很大，有一千二百五十位比丘，我也对婆罗门们深怀净信，仍愿您和比丘僧团一起，接受我明天的供斋。”世尊以沉默表示应允。结发行者盖尼亚知道世尊已应允，便从座起身，离去。后来，世尊以此事为因缘、以此事为缘由，作了法义开示后，对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，我允许八种饮料：芒果饮料、蒲桃饮料、有籽香蕉饮料、无籽香蕉饮料、蜜花饮料、葡萄饮料、莲藕饮料、酸枣饮料。诸比丘，我允许一切果类汁，唯谷类果汁除外。诸比丘，我允许一切叶类汁，唯菜汁除外。诸比丘，我允许一切花类汁，唯蜜花花汁除外。诸比丘，我允许甘蔗汁。”
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena āpaṇaṃ tadavasari. Assosi kho keṇiyo jaṭilo – ‘‘samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito āpaṇaṃ anuppatto, taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato…pe… sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’’ti. Atha kho keṇiyassa jaṭilassa etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa harāpeyya’’nti. Atha kho keṇiyassa jaṭilassa etadahosi – ‘‘yepi kho te brāhmaṇānaṃ pubbakā isayo mantānaṃ kattāro mantānaṃ pavattāro, yesamidaṃ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṃ mantapadaṃ gītaṃ pavuttaṃ samihitaṃ, tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti, bhāsitamanubhāsanti, vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṃ – aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu , rattūparatā viratā vikālabhojanā, te evarūpāni pānāni sādiyiṃsu. Samaṇopi gotamo rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā, arahati samaṇopi gotamo evarūpāni pānāni sādiyitu’’nti pahūtaṃ pānaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā kājehi gāhāpetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me bhavaṃ gotamo pāna’’nti. Tena hi, keṇiya, bhikkhūnaṃ dehīti. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhikkhūnaṃ deti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti. Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjathāti. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pahūtehi pānehi sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ dhotahatthaṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho keṇiyaṃ jaṭilaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṃsito bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Mahā kho, keṇiya, bhikkhusaṅgho aḍḍhatelasāni bhikkhusatāni, tvañca brāhmaṇesu abhippasannoti. Dutiyampi kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi kho, bho gotama, mahā bhikkhusaṅgho aḍḍhatelasāni bhikkhusatāni, ahañca brāhmaṇesu abhippasanno, adhivāsetu me bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Mahā kho, keṇiya, bhikkhusaṅgho aḍḍhatelasāni bhikkhusatāni, tvañca brāhmaṇesu abhippasannoti . Tatiyampi kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi kho, bho gotama, mahā bhikkhusaṅgho aḍḍhatelasāni bhikkhusatāni, ahañca brāhmaṇesu abhippasanno, adhivāsetu bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭha pānāni – ambapānaṃ jambupānaṃ cocapānaṃ mocapānaṃ madhūkapānaṃ muddikapānaṃ sālūkapānaṃ phārusakapānaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ phalarasaṃ ṭhapetvā dhaññaphalarasaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ pattarasaṃ ṭhapetvā ḍākarasaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ puppharasaṃ ṭhapetvā madhūkapuppharasaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ucchurasa’’nti.
144那夜过后，结发行者盖尼亚在自己的道场备办了丰盛的上等嚼食与啖食，然后派人告知世尊：“乔达摩尊者，时间已到，斋饭备好。”世尊于午前时分，穿好下衣，持衣钵，前往结发行者盖尼亚的道场。抵达后，在已敷设的座位上，与比丘僧团一同坐下。那时，结发行者盖尼亚亲手以丰盛的上等嚼食与啖食，供奉并款待以佛陀为首的比丘僧团，令其完全满足。随后，于世尊用餐完毕、从钵中收手后，他坐到一边。世尊以这些偈颂，为坐在一边的结发行者盖尼亚作随喜赞叹：
Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo tassā rattiyā accayena sake assame paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi – ‘‘kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhatta’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena keṇiyassa jaṭilassa assamo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho keṇiyo jaṭilo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho keṇiyaṃ jaṭilaṃ bhagavā imāhi gāthāhi anumodi –
145火供为诸祭祀之首，萨维蒂为韵律之冠；
‘‘Aggihuttamukhā yaññā, sāvittī chandaso mukhaṃ;
146国王为众人之首，大海为众河之首。
Rājā mukhaṃ manussānaṃ, nadīnaṃ sāgaro mukhaṃ.
147月亮是星宿之最，太阳为诸光明之最；
‘‘Nakkhattānaṃ mukhaṃ cando, ādicco tapataṃ mukhaṃ;
148对于希求福德、行供养的人来说，僧团正是最上之首。
Puññaṃ ākaṅkhamānānaṃ saṅgho, ve yajataṃ mukha’’nti.
149那时，世尊以这些偈颂随喜盖尼亚结发行者之后，从座起身离去。
Atha kho bhagavā keṇiyaṃ jaṭilaṃ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
201盖尼亚结发行者事完
Keṇiyajaṭilavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
202183. 罗迦马喇事
183. Rojamallavatthu
301那时，世尊在阿帕那随意而住之后，便与由一千二百五十位比丘组成的大比丘僧团一起，朝着拘尸那的方向游行。拘尸那的末罗人听说：“世尊正与大比丘僧团——一千二百五十位比丘一起来到拘尸那。”他们便立下约定：“凡不外出迎接世尊者，罚金五百。”那时，末罗人罗若……
Atha kho bhagavā āpaṇe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena kusinārā tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Assosuṃ kho kosinārakā mallā – ‘‘bhagavā kira kusināraṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti. Te saṅgaraṃ akaṃsu – ‘‘yo bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ na karissati, pañcasatānissa daṇḍo’’ti. Tena kho pana samayena rojo mallo āyasmato ānandassa sahāyo hoti. Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena kusinārā tadavasari. Atha kho kosinārakā mallā bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ akaṃsu. Atha kho rojo mallo bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ karitvā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho rojaṃ mallaṃ āyasmā ānando etadavoca – ‘‘uḷāraṃ kho te idaṃ, āvuso roja, yaṃ tvaṃ bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ akāsī’’ti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhante ānanda, bahukato buddhe vā dhamme vā saṅghe vā; api ca ñātīhi saṅgaro kato – ‘yo bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ na karissati, pañcasatānissa daṇḍo’’’ti; so kho ahaṃ, bhante ānanda, ñātīnaṃ daṇḍabhayā evāhaṃ bhagavato paccuggamanaṃ akāsinti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando anattamano ahosi’ kathañhi nāma rojo mallo evaṃ vakkhatī’ti? Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, rojo mallo abhiññāto ñātamanusso. Mahatthiko kho pana evarūpānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasādo. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā tathā karotu, yathā rojo mallo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasīdeyyā’’ti. ‘‘Na kho taṃ, ānanda, dukkaraṃ tathāgatena, yathā rojo mallo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasīdeyyā’’ti.
151那时，世尊以慈心遍满末罗人罗若后，从座起身，进入精舍。那时，末罗人罗若被世尊的慈心所遍满，就像小牛犊寻找母牛一般，穿行于一座座精舍、一间间院落，向比丘们询问：“尊者，那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者现在何处？我们渴望见到那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。”
Atha kho bhagavā rojaṃ mallaṃ mettena cittena pharitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Atha kho rojo mallo bhagavato mettena cittena phuṭṭho, seyyathāpi nāma gāviṃ taruṇavaccho, evameva, vihārena vihāraṃ pariveṇena pariveṇaṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhikkhū pucchati – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho, bhante, etarahi so bhagavā viharati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. ‘‘Esāvuso roja, vihāro saṃvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno āḷindaṃ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṃ ākoṭehi, vivarissati te bhagavā dvāra’’nti. Atha kho rojo mallo yena so vihāro saṃvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno āḷindaṃ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṃ ākoṭesi. Vivari bhagavā dvāraṃ. Atha kho rojo mallo vihāraṃ pavisitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho rojassa mallassa bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ…pe… aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu, bhante, ayyā mamaññeva paṭiggaṇheyyuṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, no aññesa’’nti. ‘‘Yesaṃ kho, roja, sekkhena ñāṇena sekkhena dassanena dhammo diṭṭho seyyathāpi tayā, tesampi evaṃ hoti – ‘aho nūna ayyā amhākaññeva paṭiggaṇheyyuṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ, no aññesa’nti. Tena hi, roja, tava ceva paṭiggahissanti aññesañcā’’ti.
302当时，在拘尸那有殊胜食物的供食次序已排定。那时，马拉人罗佳得不到次序，他这样想：「我何不查看食物种类，凡食物种类中没有的，我就准备那个。」那时，马拉人罗佳查看食物种类，没有看到两种：酪和糕饼类副食。那时，马拉人罗佳去到具寿阿难处；抵达后，对具寿阿难这样说：「尊者阿难，这里我得不到次序，我这样想：『我何不查看食物种类，凡食物种类中没有的，我就准备那个。』尊者阿难，我查看食物种类，没有看到两种：酪和糕饼类副食。尊者阿难，如果我准备酪和糕饼类副食，世尊会接受我的吗？」「那么，罗佳，我将询问世尊。」那时，具寿阿难将此事禀告世尊。「那么，阿难，让他准备吧。」「那么，罗佳，你准备吧。」那时，马拉人罗佳在那夜过后，准备了大量的酪和糕饼类副食，呈献给世尊：「大德，愿世尊接受我的酪和糕饼类副食。」「那么，罗佳，给诸比丘吧。」那时，马拉人罗佳给诸比丘。诸比丘疑虑而不接受。「诸比丘，你们接受，享用吧。」那时，马拉人罗佳以佛为首的比丘僧团，亲手以大量的酪和糕饼类副食款待、使满足后，世尊洗手、放下钵，他坐在一旁。坐在一旁的马拉人罗佳，世尊以法语开示、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜后，从座起而离去。那时，世尊以此因缘、以此事缘，作了法语后，告诉诸比丘：「诸比丘，我允许一切酪和一切糕饼类副食。」
Tena kho pana samayena kusinārāyaṃ paṇītānaṃ bhattānaṃ bhattapaṭipāṭi aṭṭhitā hoti. Atha kho rojassa mallassa paṭipāṭiṃ alabhantassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhattaggaṃ olokeyyaṃ, yaṃ bhattagge nāssa, taṃ paṭiyādeyya’’nti. Atha kho rojo mallo bhattaggaṃ olokento dve nāddasa – ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañca. Atha kho rojo mallo yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha me, bhante ānanda, paṭipāṭiṃ alabhantassa etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhattaggaṃ olokeyyaṃ, yaṃ bhattagge nāssa, taṃ paṭiyādeyya’nti. So kho ahaṃ, bhante ānanda, bhattaggaṃ olokento dve nāddasaṃ – ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañca. Sacāhaṃ, bhante ānanda, paṭiyādeyyaṃ ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañca, paṭiggaṇheyya me bhagavā’’ti? ‘‘Tena hi, roja, bhagavantaṃ paṭipucchissāmī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Tena hānanda, paṭiyādetū’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, roja, paṭiyādehī’’ti. Atha kho rojo mallo tassā rattiyā accayena pahūtaṃ ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañca paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato upanāmesi ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā ḍākañca piṭṭhakhādanīyañcā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, roja, bhikkhūnaṃ dehī’’ti. Atha kho rojo mallo bhikkhūnaṃ deti. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā na paṭiggaṇhanti . ‘‘Paṭiggaṇhatha, bhikkhave, paribhuñjathā’’ti. Atha kho rojo mallo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pahūtehi ḍākehi ca piṭṭhakhādanīyehi ca sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā bhagavantaṃ dhotahatthaṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rojaṃ mallaṃ bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbañca ḍākaṃ sabbañca piṭṭhakhādanīya’’nti.
206罗迦马喇事完
Rojamallavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
207184. 老年出家者事
184. Vuḍḍhapabbajitavatthu
303那时，世尊在拘尸那随意安住之后，便与由一千二百五十位比丘组成的大僧团一起，朝阿图马方向游化而行。当时，阿图马住着一位年老时才出家的比丘，他以前是理发师。他有两个儿子，声喉清甜，善于应对，又对自己师父所传的理发手艺娴熟善巧。那位老年出家者听说：“世尊将和由一千二百五十位比丘组成的大僧团前来阿图马了。”于是，他便对那两个孩子说：“孩子们，听说世尊要和大僧团来阿图马了。去吧，孩子们，带上剃头工具和带刮板的小量器，挨家挨户地走访，去募集一些盐、油、米和嚼食来，待世尊到时，好准备粥饮。”两个孩子回答：“好的，父亲。”便带着剃头工具和带刮板的小量器，挨家挨户募集盐、油、米和嚼食。人们见到这两个声音甜润、善于言辞的孩子，即使原本没打算剃发，也会让他们剃理，理完又给了许多酬谢。就这样，那两个孩子收集到了大量的盐、油、米和嚼食。
Atha kho bhagavā kusinārāyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena ātumā tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro vuḍḍhapabbajito ātumāyaṃ paṭivasati nahāpitapubbo. Tassa dve dārakā honti, mañjukā paṭibhāneyyakā, dakkhā pariyodātasippā sake ācariyake nahāpitakamme. Assosi kho so vuḍḍhapabbajito – ‘‘bhagavā kira ātumaṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti. Atha kho so vuḍḍhapabbajito te dārake etadavoca – ‘‘bhagavā kira, tātā, ātumaṃ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Gacchatha tumhe, tātā, khurabhaṇḍaṃ ādāya nāḷiyāvāpakena anugharakaṃ anugharakaṃ āhiṇḍatha, loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi saṃharatha, bhagavato āgatassa yāgupānaṃ karissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, tātā’’ti kho te dārakā tassa vuḍḍhapabbajitassa paṭissuṇitvā khurabhaṇḍaṃ ādāya nāḷiyāvāpakena anugharakaṃ anugharakaṃ āhiṇḍanti, loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi saṃharantā. Manussā te dārake mañjuke paṭibhāneyyake passitvā yepi na kārāpetukāmā tepi kārāpenti, kārāpetvāpi bahuṃ denti. Atha kho te dārakā bahuṃ loṇampi, telampi, taṇḍulampi, khādanīyampi saṃhariṃsu.
154那时，世尊在渐次游化中，抵达了阿图马。在那儿，世尊安住在谷仓讲堂里。过了一夜，那位老年出家者让人准备了大量的粥，端到世尊面前说：“尊者，请世尊接受这些粥。”如来虽知，却仍会发问……乃至为了为弟子们制定学处。于是世尊问他：“比丘，这粥从何而来？”那位老年出家者便将经过原原本本地禀告世尊。世尊斥责道：“你这愚人，这不合宜、不顺法、不恰当、不是沙门所为、不如法、不该做。你这愚人，既已出家，为何还教人做不如法的事？愚人，这既不能让未生信者生起信心……”世尊责备之后，为他说法，然后对诸比丘说：“诸比丘，出家人不得教人做不如法的事，若教人做者，犯恶作。还有，诸比丘，以前做过理发师的人，不得持有剃头工具，若持有者，犯恶作。”
Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena ātumā tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā ātumāyaṃ viharati bhusāgāre. Atha kho so vuḍḍhapabbajito tassā rattiyā accayena pahūtaṃ yāguṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato upanāmesi – ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā yāgu’’nti. Jānantāpi tathāgatā pucchanti…pe… sāvakānaṃ vā sikkhāpadaṃ paññapessāmāti. Atha kho bhagavā taṃ vuḍḍhapabbajitaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kutāyaṃ, bhikkhu yāgū’’ti? Atha kho so vuḍḍhapabbajito bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā, ‘‘ananucchavikaṃ, moghapurisa, ananulomikaṃ appatirūpaṃ assāmaṇakaṃ akappiyaṃ akaraṇīyaṃ. Kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, pabbajito akappiye samādapessasi . Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi ‘na, bhikkhave, pabbajitena akappiye samādapetabbaṃ, yo samādapeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, nahāpitapubbena khurabhaṇḍaṃ pariharitabbaṃ. Yo parihareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’’ti.
155那时，世尊在阿图马随意安住之后，便朝舍卫城方向游化而行。在渐次游化中，他抵达了舍卫城。在那儿，世尊安住在祇树给孤独园里。此时，舍卫城结出了许多可嚼食的水果。
Atha kho bhagavā ātumāyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṃ bahuṃ phalakhādanīyaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā phalakhādanīyaṃ anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññāta’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṃ phalakhādanīya’’nti.
304那时，有些僧团的种子被种在个人的土地上，也有个人的种子被种在僧团的土地上。比丘们把此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，僧团的种子若种在个人土地上，应分出相应份额后方可受用；个人的种子若种在僧团土地上，也应分出相应份额后方可受用。”
Tena kho pana samayena saṅghikāni bījāni puggalikāya bhūmiyā ropiyanti, puggalikāni bījāni saṅghikāya bhūmiyā ropiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Saṅghikāni, bhikkhave, bījāni puggalikāya bhūmiyā ropitāni bhāgaṃ datvā paribhuñjitabbāni. Puggalikāni bījāni saṅghikāya bhūmiyā ropitāni bhāgaṃ datvā paribhuñjitabbānīti.
212老年出家者事完
Vuḍḍhapabbajitavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
213185. 四大教法论
185. Catumahāpadesakathā
305那时，比丘们于种种事上心生疑虑：“世尊究竟允许了什么，又不允许什么？”他们将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，凡是我未曾以‘这不允许’加以禁止者，若它随顺不允许、违逆允许，则于你们为不允许。诸比丘，凡是我未曾以‘这不允许’加以禁止者，若它随顺允许、违逆不允许，则于你们为允许。诸比丘，凡是我未曾以‘这允许’加以开许者，若它随顺不允许、违逆允许，则于你们为不允许。诸比丘，凡是我未曾以‘这允许’加以开许者，若它随顺允许、违逆不允许，则于你们为允许。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhūnaṃ kismiñci kismiñci ṭhāne kukkuccaṃ uppajjati – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhagavatā anuññātaṃ, kiṃ ananuññāta’’nti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā ‘idaṃ na kappatī’ti appaṭikkhittaṃ tañce akappiyaṃ anulometi, kappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo na kappati. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā ‘idaṃ na kappatī’ti appaṭikkhittaṃ tañce kappiyaṃ anulometi, akappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo kappati. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā ‘idaṃ kappatī’ti ananuññātaṃ tañce akappiyaṃ anulometi, kappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo na kappati. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā ‘idaṃ kappatī’ti ananuññātaṃ, tañce kappiyaṃ anulometi, akappiyaṃ paṭibāhati, taṃ vo kappatī’’ti.
158当时，比丘们心中又生起这样的想法：“时限药与夜限药同用，是许可还是不许可？时限药与七日药同用，是许可还是不许可？时限药与终生药同用，是许可还是不许可？夜限药与七日药同用，是许可还是不许可？夜限药与终生药同用，是许可还是不许可？七日药与终生药同用，是许可还是不许可？”他们便将此事禀告世尊。世尊说：“诸比丘，时限药与夜限药，若在当日接受，于进食时限内可以同用，非时则不可。诸比丘，时限药与七日药，若在当日接受，于进食时限内可以同用，非时则不可。诸比丘，时限药与终生药，若在当日接受，于进食时限内可以同用，非时则不可。诸比丘，夜限药与七日药，若在当日接受，于一夜之间可以同用，过夜则不可。诸比丘，夜限药与终生药，若在当日接受，于一夜之间可以同用，过夜则不可。诸比丘，七日药与终生药，若在接受后，于七日内可以同用，超过七日则不可。”
Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘kappati nu kho yāvakālikena yāmakālikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho yāvakālikena sattāhakālikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho yāvakālikena yāvajīvikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho yāmakālikena sattāhakālikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho yāmakālikena yāvajīvikaṃ, na nu kho kappati? Kappati nu kho sattāhakālikena yāvajīvikaṃ, na nu kho kappatī’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Yāvakālikena, bhikkhave, yāmakālikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ kāle kappati, vikāle na kappati. Yāvakālikena, bhikkhave, sattāhakālikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ kāle kappati, vikāle na kappati. Yāvakālikena, bhikkhave, yāvajīvikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ kāle kappati, vikāle na kappati. Yāmakālikena, bhikkhave, sattāhakālikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ yāme kappati, yāmātikkante na kappati. Yāmakālikena, bhikkhave, yāvajīvikaṃ, tadahu paṭiggahitaṃ yāme kappati, yāmātikkante na kappati. Sattāhakālikena, bhikkhave, yāvajīvikaṃ paṭiggahitaṃ, sattāhaṃ kappati, sattāhātikkante na kappatī’’ti.
216四大教法论完
Catumahāpadesakathā niṭṭhitā.
217药篇第六
Bhesajjakkhandhako chaṭṭho.
218186. 其摄颂
186. Tassuddānaṃ
159秋季所及，非时亦许；油脂、根与粉，皆可为药。
Sāradike vikālepi, vasaṃ mūle piṭṭhehi ca;
160以苦汁熬制的叶、果，及松脂、盐与六种排泄物，亦许为药。
Kasāvehi paṇṇaṃ phalaṃ, jatu loṇaṃ chakaṇañca.
161药粉、筛、肉，眼药、研钵。
Cuṇṇaṃ cālini maṃsañca, añjanaṃ upapisanī ;
162眼药膏盒、精美覆布、药签与签筒。
Añjanī uccāpārutā, salākā salākaṭhāniṃ .
163袋、肩带、线绳、头油与鼻油。
Thavikaṃsabaddhakaṃ suttaṃ, muddhanitelanatthu ca;
164鼻滴器、烟熏器，以及眼罩、眼盖与袋。
Natthukaraṇī dhūmañca, nettañcāpidhanatthavi.
165油煎药、酒，以及过量的涂油。
Telapākesu majjañca, atikkhittaṃ abbhañjanaṃ;
166发汗罐、发汗药材，及大麻水。
Tumbaṃ sedaṃ sambhārañca, mahā bhaṅgodakaṃ tathā.
167水槽、放血器具、角，以及足部涂油。
Dakakoṭṭhaṃ lohitañca, visāṇaṃ pādabbhañjanaṃ;
168足膏、刀与苦药，芝麻糊和面糊。
Pajjaṃ satthaṃ kasāvañca, tilakakkaṃ kabaḷikaṃ.
169布、芥末粉，烟与剃刀；
Coḷaṃ sāsapakuṭṭañca, dhūma sakkharikāya ca;
170伤油、绷带，秽药及受器。
Vaṇatelaṃ vikāsikaṃ, vikaṭañca paṭiggahaṃ.
171粪便、排泄物与混合膏，碱、尿、诃子；
Gūthaṃ karonto loḷiñca, khāraṃ muttaharītakaṃ;
172香料、泻药，清粥、绿豆汤、油绿豆汤。
Gandhā virecanañceva, acchākaṭaṃ kaṭākaṭaṃ.
173肉汁、山坡处，寺院，以及七日内的住处安排；
Paṭicchādani pabbhārā, ārāma sattāhena ca;
174糖、绿豆、酸粥，以及自行烹煮与再次烹煮。
Guḷaṃ muggaṃ sovīrañca, sāmaṃpākā punāpace.
175于饥馑时，再次开许了果实、芝麻与嚼食。
Punānuññāsi dubbhikkhe, phalañca tilakhādanī;
176食前发热，及所生的瘘疮。
Purebhattaṃ kāyaḍāho, nibbattañca bhagandalaṃ.
177灌肠剂、苏毗，以及人肉；
Vatthikammañca suppiñca, manussamaṃsameva ca;
178象、马、狗，蛇、狮、豹；
Hatthiassā sunakho ca, ahi sīhañca dīpikaṃ .
179熊肉与鬣狗肉，以及轮番供养与粥；
Acchataracchamaṃsañca, paṭipāṭi ca yāgu ca;
180嫩者、除糖、善藏住处。
Taruṇaṃ aññatra guḷaṃ, sunidhāvasathāgāraṃ.
181恒河、亿真之论、庵婆巴离与离车族。
Gaṅgā koṭisaccakathā, ambapālī ca licchavī;
182为回向所办丰盛之食，他又再次拒绝。
Uddissa kataṃ subhikkhaṃ, punadeva paṭikkhipi.
183云、名声、面达咖，以及牛乳与行粮；
Megho yaso meṇḍako, ca gorasaṃ pātheyyakena ca;
184盖尼亚、芒果、蒲桃、有籽香蕉、无籽香蕉、甘草、葡萄、莲藕。
Keṇi ambo jambu coca, mocamadhumuddikasālukaṃ.
185粗涩果与叶粉，及阿图马的理发师；
Phārusakā ḍākapiṭṭhaṃ, ātumāyaṃ nahāpito;
186于舍卫城，果、种子，以及何为时药。
Sāvatthiyaṃ phalaṃ bījaṃ, kismiṃ ṭhāne ca kāliketi.
247此篇中有一百八十六事
Imamhi khandhake vatthū ekasataṃ chavatthu.
248药篇完
Bhesajjakkhandhako niṭṭhito.