5. 皮革篇集
15. 皮革篇集
5. Cammakkhandhako
2147. 首那国离维萨事
147. Soṇakoḷivisavatthu
242那时，佛世尊正住在王舍城的灵鹫山上。而就在那时候，摩揭陀国的频婆娑罗王正统领着八万个村镇，掌握着至高无上的王权。也在那时候，占巴城有一位名叫首那·国离维萨的长者之子，他生来娇贵，脚底下长着毛。后来，摩揭陀国的频婆娑罗王召集了那八万村民，因为有些事情，就派了个使者去首那·国离维萨那里传话说：让首那来，我想见见首那。于是，首那·国离维萨的父母就对首那·国离维萨说：‘孩子首那啊，国王想看你的脚。你可千万别把脚直接伸到国王面前。在国王面前，你就盘腿坐着。你坐着，国王就能看到你的脚了。’接着，他们就让人用轿子把首那·国离维萨抬了去。首那·国离维萨到了摩揭陀国频婆娑罗王那里，向国王行礼后，就在国王面前盘腿坐了下来。摩揭陀国的频婆娑罗王果然看见首那·国离维萨的脚底下长着毛。然后，摩揭陀国的频婆娑罗王给那八万村民讲解了现世的利益后，就打发他们走了，说：‘朋友们，我已经为你们讲解了现世的利益。去吧，去拜见那位世尊吧。那位世尊将会为你们开示来世的利益。’
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro asītiyā gāmasahassesu issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreti. Tena kho pana samayena campāyaṃ soṇo nāma koḷiviso seṭṭhiputto sukhumālo hoti. Tassa pādatalesu lomāni jātāni honti. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro tāni asīti gāmikasahassāni sannipātāpetvā kenacideva karaṇīyena soṇassa koḷivisassa santike dūtaṃ pāhesi – āgacchatu soṇo, icchāmi soṇassa āgatanti. Atha kho soṇassa koḷivisassa mātāpitaro soṇaṃ koḷivisaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘rājā te, tāta soṇa, pāde dakkhitukāmo. Mā kho tvaṃ, tāta soṇa, yena rājā tena pāde abhippasāreyyāsi. Rañño purato pallaṅkena nisīda. Nisinnassa te rājā pāde dakkhissatī’’ti. Atha kho soṇaṃ koḷivisaṃ sivikāya ānesuṃ. Atha kho soṇo koḷiviso yena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ māgadhaṃ seniyaṃ bimbisāraṃ abhivādetvā rañño purato pallaṅkena nisīdi. Addasā kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro soṇassa koḷivisassa pādatalesu lomāni jātāni. Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro tāni asīti gāmikasahassāni diṭṭhadhammike atthe anusāsitvā uyyojesi – ‘‘tumhe khvattha, bhaṇe, mayā diṭṭhadhammike atthe anusāsitā; gacchatha, taṃ bhagavantaṃ payirupāsatha; so no bhagavā samparāyike atthe anusāsissatī’’ti.
2于是，那八万村民就朝着灵鹫山去了。那时，具寿萨咖德是世尊的侍者。那八万村民找到了具寿萨咖德，对他说：‘尊者，这里有八万村民前来，想拜见世尊。尊者，希望我们能获准面见世尊。’具寿萨咖德说：‘那么，诸位贤友，请先在这里稍等片刻，我去禀告世尊。’于是，就在那八万村民的注视下，具寿萨咖德沉入了地面，然后出现在世尊面前，对世尊说：‘世尊，有八万村民前来这里，想拜见世尊。世尊，现在是时候了吗？’世尊说：‘那么，萨咖德，你去精舍的背阴处铺个座位。’‘好的，世尊。’具寿萨咖德答应后，就拿了把椅子，在世尊面前沉入地下，又在那些正看着的八万村民面前冒了出来，在精舍的背阴处铺好了座位。接着，世尊走出精舍，在铺好的座位上坐了下来。那八万村民便走近世尊，向世尊行礼后，坐在一旁。然而，这八万村民的注意力都集中在具寿萨咖德身上，对世尊反而不那么关注。世尊知道了这八万村民的心思，就对具寿萨咖德说：‘那么，萨咖德，你再展现更殊胜的上人法、神通变化给他们看吧。’‘好的，世尊。’具寿萨咖德答应后，就升到空中，在虚空里经行、站立、坐下、卧躺，还冒烟、燃烧、隐身。具寿萨咖德在空中展现了种种上人法的神通变化后，就头面礼足，伏在世尊脚下，对世尊说：‘世尊是我的导师，我是弟子。世尊是我的导师，我是弟子。’这一下，那八万村民心想：‘真是奇妙啊！真是不可思议啊！连弟子都有如此大神通、大威力，那导师该是何等伟大啊！’于是，他们的注意力便都集中到了世尊身上，不再像刚才那样关注具寿萨咖德了。
Atha kho tāni asīti gāmikasahassāni yena gijjhakūṭo pabbato tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāgato bhagavato upaṭṭhāko hoti. Atha kho tāni asīti gāmikasahassāni yenāyasmā sāgato tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāgataṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘imāni, bhante, asīti gāmikasahassāni idhūpasaṅkantāni bhagavantaṃ dassanāya; sādhu mayaṃ, bhante, labheyyāma bhagavantaṃ dassanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi tumhe āyasmanto muhuttaṃ idheva tāva hotha, yāvāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ paṭivedemī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā sāgato tesaṃ asītiyā gāmikasahassānaṃ purato pekkhamānānaṃ pāṭikāya nimujjitvā bhagavato purato ummujjitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘imāni, bhante, asīti gāmikasahassāni idhūpasaṅkantāni bhagavantaṃ dassanāya; yassa dāni, bhante, bhagavā kālaṃ maññatī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi tvaṃ, sāgata, vihārapacchāyāyaṃ āsanaṃ paññapehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā sāgato bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā pīṭhaṃ gahetvā bhagavato purato nimujjitvā tesaṃ asītiyā gāmikasahassānaṃ purato pekkhamānānaṃ pāṭikāya ummujjitvā vihārapacchāyāyaṃ āsanaṃ paññapeti. Atha kho bhagavā vihārā nikkhamitvā vihārapacchāyāyaṃ paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho tāni asīti gāmikasahassāni yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Atha kho tāni asīti gāmikasahassāni āyasmantaṃyeva sāgataṃ samannāharanti, no tathā bhagavantaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā tesaṃ asītiyā gāmikasahassānaṃ cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya āyasmantaṃ sāgataṃ āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi tvaṃ, sāgata, bhiyyosomattāya uttarimanussadhammaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā sāgato bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe caṅkamatipi, tiṭṭhatipi, nisīdatipi, seyyampi kappeti, dhūmāyatipi pajjalatipi, antaradhāyatipi. Atha kho āyasmā sāgato ākāse antalikkhe anekavihitaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassetvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘satthā me, bhante, bhagavā; sāvakohamasmi. Satthā me, bhante, bhagavā; sāvakohamasmī’’ti. Atha kho tāni asīti gāmikasahassāni ‘‘acchariyaṃ vata bho! Abbhutaṃ vata bho! Sāvakopi nāma evaṃ mahiddhiko bhavissati, evaṃ mahānubhāvo, aho nūna satthā’’ti bhagavantaṃyeva samannāharanti, no tathā āyasmantaṃ sāgataṃ.
3这时，世尊知道了这八万村民的心念，便为他们次第说法，也就是说：讲布施的利益、持戒的利益、升天的利益，以及贪欲的过患、卑劣和杂染，并宣说了出离的功德。当世尊知道他们的心已变得柔软、温和、没有障碍、欢喜、净信的时候，就开示了诸佛最殊胜的教法：苦、集、灭、道。就像一块洁净、没有污点的布，能完美地吸收染料一样，就在那个座位上，这八万村民生起了远离尘垢、清净无染的法眼：‘凡是有生起性质的东西，最终都会灭去。’他们已见法、得法、知法、深入法，超越了疑惑，消除了犹豫，获得了自信，不再依赖他人而住于导师的教法中。他们对世尊说：‘太殊胜了，尊者！太殊胜了，尊者！就像把倒下的东西扶起来，把隐藏的东西显露出来，给迷路的人指明道路，在黑暗中举着油灯，让有眼睛的人能看见东西一样，世尊用种种方式阐明了法。我们从今天起，尽形寿归依世尊、归依法、归依比丘僧团。世尊，请接受我们为优婆塞。'
Atha kho bhagavā tesaṃ asītiyā gāmikasahassānaṃ cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ , kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā te bhagavā aññāsi kallacitte, muducitte, vinīvaraṇacitte, udaggacitte, pasannacitte, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi – dukkhaṃ, samudayaṃ, nirodhaṃ, maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evamevaṃ tesaṃ asītiyā gāmikasahassānaṃ tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘‘yaṃkiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti. Te diṭṭhadhammā pattadhammā viditadhammā pariyogāḷhadhammā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṃkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – ‘‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’’ti, evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma. Dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate’’ti.
6首那的出家
Soṇassa pabbajjā
243这时，首那·国离维萨心想：‘从我理解世尊所宣说的法来看，一个生活在家里的人，想过完全圆满、完全清净、如磨过的贝壳般光洁的梵行生活，实在不容易。我不如剃除须发，穿上染色衣，从在家生活转入无家的出家生活吧。’随后，那八万村民对世尊的开示感到欢喜、随喜后，都从座位上站起来，向世尊行礼，右绕而去。在那八万村民离开后不久，首那·国离维萨就来到世尊那里，向世尊行礼后，坐在一旁。他对世尊说：‘世尊，从我理解您所宣说的法来看，一个生活在家里的人，想过完全圆满、完全清净、如磨过的贝壳般光洁的梵行生活，实在不容易。我想剃除须发，穿上染色衣，从在家生活转入无家的出家生活。世尊，请让我出家吧。’首那·国离维萨就在世尊座下获得了出家，也获得了具足戒。受具足戒后不久，具寿首那住在寒林。他精进过度，在经行时，脚都磨破了，经行道上血迹斑斑，就像屠宰场一样。那时，具寿首那独自静坐时，心里生起这样的念头：‘世尊的弟子中，那些安住于精进修行的人，我也是其中之一。可是，我的心仍未以不取而从诸漏解脱。我家里还有财产，完全可以享用财富，也还能做功德。我不如还俗回去，既能享用财富，也能积德行善吧。’
Atha kho soṇassa koḷivisassa etadahosi ‘‘yathā yathā kho ahaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ; yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’’nti. Atha kho tāni asīti gāmikasahassāni bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamisuṃ. Atha kho soṇo koḷiviso acirapakkantesu tesu asītiyā gāmikasahassesu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho soṇo koḷiviso bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yathā yathāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Icchāmahaṃ, bhante, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajituṃ. Pabbājetu maṃ, bhante, bhagavā’’ti. Alattha kho soṇo koḷiviso bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirupasampanno ca panāyasmā soṇo sītavane viharati. Tassa accāraddhavīriyassa caṅkamato pādā bhijjiṃsu. Caṅkamo lohitena phuṭo hoti, seyyathāpi gavāghātanaṃ. Atha kho āyasmato soṇassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘ye kho keci bhagavato sāvakā āraddhavīriyā viharanti, ahaṃ tesaṃ aññataro. Atha ca pana me nānupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccati. Saṃvijjanti kho pana me kule bhogā; sakkā bhoge ca bhuñjituṃ, puññāni ca kātuṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ hīnāyāvattitvā bhoge ca bhuñjeyyaṃ, puññāni ca kareyya’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmato soṇassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – gijjhakūṭe pabbate antarahito sītavane pāturahosi. Atha kho bhagavā sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ senāsanacārikaṃ āhiṇḍanto yenāyasmato soṇassa caṅkamo tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmato soṇassa caṅkamaṃ lohitena phuṭaṃ, disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘kassa nvāyaṃ, bhikkhave, caṅkamo lohitena phuṭo, seyyathāpi gavāghātana’’nti? ‘‘Āyasmato, bhante, soṇassa accāraddhavīriyassa caṅkamato pādā bhijjiṃsu. Tassāyaṃ caṅkamo lohitena phuṭo, seyyathāpi gavāghātana’’nti.
5于是，世尊知道了具寿首那心里的念头。就像一位大力士伸展弯曲的手臂，或是弯曲伸展的手臂一样快，他从灵鹫山消失，出现在了寒林。接着，世尊和许多比丘一起巡视住处，来到了具寿首那的经行处。世尊看见具寿首那的经行道上血迹斑斑，就像屠宰场一样，便问比丘们：‘这是谁的经行道，被血弄成这样，像屠宰场一样？’比丘们回答：‘世尊，那是具寿首那的。他精进过度，在经行时把脚磨破了。他的经行道就是这样被血弄成这样的，像屠宰场一样。’
Atha kho bhagavā yenāyasmato soṇassa vihāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Āyasmāpi kho soṇo bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ soṇaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘nanu te, soṇa, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘ye kho keci bhagavato sāvakā āraddhavīriyā viharanti, ahaṃ tesaṃ aññataro. Atha ca pana me nānupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccati. Saṃvijjanti kho pana me kule bhogā; sakkā bhoge ca bhuñjituṃ, puññāni ca kātuṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ hīnāyāvattitvā bhoge ca bhuñjeyyaṃ, puññāni ca kareyya’’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti . ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, soṇa, kusalo tvaṃ pubbe agārikabhūto vīṇāya tantissare’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, soṇa, yadā te vīṇāya tantiyo accāyatā honti, api nu te vīṇā tasmiṃ samaye saravatī vā hoti, kammaññā vā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, soṇa, yadā te vīṇāya tantiyo atisithilā honti, api nu te vīṇā tasmiṃ samaye saravatī vā hoti, kammaññā vā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, soṇa, yadā te vīṇāya tantiyo neva accāyatā honti nātisithilā, same guṇe patiṭṭhitā, api nu te vīṇā tasmiṃ samaye saravatī vā hoti, kammaññā vā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, soṇa, accāraddhavīriyaṃ uddhaccāya saṃvattati , atilīnavīriyaṃ kosajjāya saṃvattati. Tasmātiha tvaṃ, soṇa, vīriyasamataṃ adhiṭṭhaha, indriyānañca samataṃ paṭivijjha, tattha ca nimittaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā soṇo bhagavato paccassosi. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ soṇaṃ iminā ovādena ovaditvā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso sammiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – sītavane āyasmato soṇassa sammukhe antarahito gijjhakūṭe pabbate pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā soṇo aparena samayena vīriyasamataṃ adhiṭṭhāsi, indriyānañca samataṃ paṭivijjhi, tattha ca nimittaṃ aggahesi. Atha kho āyasmā soṇo, eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto, na cirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti – tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti abhiññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā soṇo arahataṃ ahosi.
244接着，世尊来到具寿首那的住处，坐到了准备好的座位上。具寿首那向世尊行礼后，也坐在一旁。世尊就问他：‘首那，你独自静坐时，是不是生起了这样的念头：“世尊的弟子中，那些安住于精进修行的人，我也是其中之一。可是，我的心仍未以不取而从诸漏解脱。我家里还有财产，完全可以享用财富，也还能做功德。我不如还俗回去，既能享用财富，也能积德行善”呢？’他回答：‘是的，世尊。’世尊又问：‘首那，你觉得呢？你在家的时候，是不是擅长弹琵琶？’首那说：‘是的，世尊。’世尊又问：‘首那，你觉得呢？当你把琵琶的弦调得过紧的时候，你的琵琶在那个时刻音调和谐、适于演奏吗？’首那说：‘不能的，世尊。’世尊又问：‘那么，首那，你觉得呢？当你把琵琶的弦调得过松的时候，你的琵琶在那个时刻音调和谐、适于演奏吗？’首那说：‘不能的，世尊。’世尊又问：‘那么，首那，你觉得呢？当你把琵琶的弦调得既不过紧也不过松，保持在适度的张力时，你的琵琶在那个时刻音调和谐、适于演奏吗？’首那说：‘能的，世尊。’世尊说：‘正是如此，首那，过度的精进会导致掉举，过于松懈的精进会导致懈怠。因此，首那，你应当确立精进的平衡，平衡诸根，并在那里把握相。’‘好的，世尊。’具寿首那这样回答。然后，世尊用这番教诫指导了具寿首那之后，就像一位大力士伸展弯曲的手臂，或是弯曲伸展的手臂一样快，就在寒林的具寿首那面前消失，出现在了灵鹫山。在那之后，具寿首那就确立了精进的平衡，平衡了诸根，并把握了相。接着，具寿首那独自隐修，精进、热忱、意志坚定地安住，不久后，就亲证了善男子们从在家生活转为无家出家生活所追求的那个无上梵行的终极目标，在现法中自己用神通证悟、实现并安住于其中。他证知：‘生已尽，梵行已立，应作已作，不再有来世的状态。’具寿首那成为了阿拉汉之一。
Atha kho āyasmato soṇassa arahattappattassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhagavato santike aññaṃ byākareyya’’nti. Atha kho āyasmā soṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā soṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – yo so, bhante, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaññojano sammadaññā vimutto, so chaṭṭhānāni adhimutto hoti – nekkhammādhimutto hoti, pavivekādhimutto hoti, abyāpajjādhimutto hoti, upādānakkhayādhimutto hoti, taṇhakkhayādhimutto hoti , asammohādhimutto hoti.
7那时，已经成为阿拉汉的具寿索那心想：‘我现在应当到世尊面前，宣告自己的证悟。’他便去到了世尊那里。具寿索那向世尊行礼后，坐在一旁，对世尊说：‘世尊，那位是阿拉汉、已断除诸漏的比丘，他已住于终结，应作已作，放下了重担，达到了自己的目标，完全灭尽了有的结缚，通过究竟了解而解脱。他会倾向于六种事物：倾向于出离，倾向于独处，倾向于无恼害，倾向于执取的灭尽，倾向于渴爱的灭尽，倾向于不迷惑。’
‘‘Siyā kho pana, bhante, idhekaccassa āyasmato evamassa – ‘kevalaṃ saddhāmattakaṃ nūna ayamāyasmā nissāya nekkhammādhimutto’ti, na kho panetaṃ, bhante, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Khīṇāsavo, bhante, bhikkhu, vusitavā, katakaraṇīyo, karaṇīyamattānaṃ asamanupassanto katassa vā paṭicayaṃ khayā rāgassa vītarāgattā nekkhammādhimutto hoti, khayā dosassa vītadosattā nekkhammādhimutto hoti, khayā mohassa vītamohattā nekkhammādhimutto hoti.
8他接着说：‘世尊，或许会有其他尊者这样想：“这位尊者只是完全依靠信，才倾向于出离的吧。”但世尊，不应该这样看。世尊，一位漏尽的比丘，已经安住于此，已经完成了该做的事，他看不到还有什么自己必须去做的事，或者还须要在已做之事上增添什么。正因为贪的灭尽，他无贪，所以倾向于出离；正因为嗔的灭尽，他无嗔，所以倾向于出离；正因为痴的灭尽，他无痴，所以倾向于出离。’
‘‘Siyā kho pana, bhante, idhekaccassa āyasmato evamassa – ‘lābhasakkārasilokaṃ nūna ayamāyasmā nikāmayamāno pavivekādhimutto’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, bhante, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Khīṇāsavo, bhante, bhikkhu, vusitavā, katakaraṇīyo, karaṇīyamattānaṃ asamanupassanto katassa vā paṭicayaṃ, khayā rāgassa vītarāgattā pavivekādhimutto hoti, khayā dosassa vītadosattā pavivekādhimutto hoti, khayā mohassa vītamohattā pavivekādhimutto hoti.
9“不过，尊者，或许这里有某位具寿会这么想：'看来这位具寿是把持戒禁取当成核心，才倾向于无恼的吧？' 但尊者，事情不应该这么看。尊者，漏尽的比丘，梵行已立，该做的已经做了，不再看到自己还有什么该做的，也不会再去粉饰那些已做的事——因为贪的灭尽，他离了贪，所以倾向于无恼；因为嗔的灭尽，他离了嗔，所以倾向于无恼；因为痴的灭尽，他离了痴，所以倾向于无恼。”
‘‘Siyā kho pana, bhante, idhekaccassa āyasmato evamassa – ‘sīlabbataparāmāsaṃ nūna ayamāyasmā sārato paccāgacchanto abyāpajjādhimutto’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, bhante, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Khīṇāsavo, bhante, bhikkhu, vusitavā, katakaraṇīyo, karaṇīyamattānaṃ asamanupassanto katassa vā paṭicayaṃ, khayā rāgassa vītarāgattā abyāpajjādhimutto hoti, khayā dosassa vītadosattā abyāpajjādhimutto hoti, khayā mohassa vītamohattā abyāpajjādhimutto hoti.
10“因为贪的灭尽，他离了贪，所以倾向于执取的灭尽；因为嗔的灭尽，他离了嗔，所以倾向于执取的灭尽；因为痴的灭尽，他离了痴，所以倾向于执取的灭尽。”
‘‘Khayā rāgassa vītarāgattā upādānakkhayādhimutto hoti, khayā dosassa vītadosattā upādānakkhayādhimutto hoti, khayā mohassa vītamohattā upādānakkhayādhimutto hoti.
11“因为贪的灭尽，他离了贪，所以倾向于渴爱的灭尽；因为嗔的灭尽，他离了嗔，所以倾向于渴爱的灭尽；因为痴的灭尽，他离了痴，所以倾向于渴爱的灭尽。”
‘‘Khayā rāgassa vītarāgattā taṇhakkhayādhimutto hoti, khayā dosassa vītadosattā taṇhakkhayādhimutto hoti, khayā mohassa vītamohattā taṇhakkhayādhimutto hoti.
12“因为贪的灭尽，他离了贪，所以倾向于不迷；因为嗔的灭尽，他离了嗔，所以倾向于不迷；因为痴的灭尽，他离了痴，所以倾向于不迷。”
‘‘Khayā rāgassa vītarāgattā asammohādhimutto hoti, khayā dosassa vītadosattā asammohādhimutto hoti, khayā mohassa vītamohattā asammohādhimutto hoti.
13“尊者，像这样心得到正解脱的比丘，就算大量眼所能识知的色境闯入眼的领域，也没法占据他的心。他的心保持不混杂，住立、达到不动，并且他随观它们的坏灭。就算大量耳所能识知的声境……乃至……鼻所能识知的香境……舌所能识知的味境……身所能识知的触境……意所能识知的法境闯入意的领域，也没法占据他的心；他的心保持不混杂，住立、达到不动，并且他随观它们的坏灭。尊者，就好比一座岩石山，实心、没有缝、没有窟窿、是一整块。就算从东方刮来猛烈的风雨，它也不会动摇、不会晃荡、不会震颠；从西方刮来猛烈的风雨……乃至……从北方……乃至……从南方刮来猛烈的风雨，它也不会动摇、不会晃荡、不会震颠。尊者，正是这样，像这样心得到正解脱的比丘，就算大量眼所能识知的色境闯入眼的领域，也没法占据他的心；他的心保持不混杂，住立、达到不动，并且他随观它们的坏灭。就算大量耳所能识知的声境……乃至……鼻所能识知的香境……舌所能识知的味境……身所能识知的触境……意所能识知的法境闯入意的领域，也没法占据他的心；他的心保持不混杂，住立、达到不动，并且他随观它们的坏灭。”
‘‘Evaṃ sammā vimuttacittassa, bhante, bhikkhuno bhusā cepi cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā cakkhussa āpāthaṃ āgacchanti, nevassa cittaṃ pariyādiyanti. Amissīkatamevassa cittaṃ hoti, ṭhitaṃ, āneñjappattaṃ, vayañcassānupassati. Bhusā cepi sotaviññeyyā saddā…pe… ghānaviññeyyā gandhā… jivhāviññeyyā rasā… kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā… manoviññeyyā dhammā manassa āpāthaṃ āgacchanti, nevassa cittaṃ pariyādiyanti; amissīkatamevassa cittaṃ hoti, ṭhitaṃ, āneñjappattaṃ, vayañcassānupassati. Seyyathāpi, bhante, selo pabbato acchiddo asusiro ekagghano, puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva naṃ saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampavedheyya; pacchimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva naṃ saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampavedheyya, evameva kho, bhante, evaṃ sammā vimuttacittassa bhikkhuno bhusā cepi cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā cakkhussa āpāthaṃ āgacchanti, nevassa cittaṃ pariyādiyanti; amissīkatamevassa cittaṃ hoti, ṭhitaṃ, āneñjappattaṃ, vayañcassānupassati. Bhusā cepi sotaviññeyyā saddā…pe… ghānaviññeyyā gandhā… jivhāviññeyyā rasā… kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā… manoviññeyyā dhammā manassa āpāthaṃ āgacchanti, nevassa cittaṃ pariyādiyanti; amissīkatamevassa cittaṃ hoti, ṭhitaṃ, āneñjappattaṃ, vayañcassānupassatī’’ti.
14倾向于出离，以及内心的远离；
Nekkhammaṃ adhimuttassa, pavivekañca cetaso;
15倾向于无恼，以及执取的灭尽。
Abyāpajjādhimuttassa, upādānakkhayassa ca.
16倾向于渴爱的灭尽，以及内心的不迷；
Taṇhakkhayādhimuttassa , asammohañca cetaso;
17他看到处的生起，心便正确地得到解脱。
Disvā āyatanuppādaṃ, sammā cittaṃ vimuccati.
18对于这位正确解脱、内心平静的比丘，
Tassa sammāvimuttassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno;
19已经造作的业不再有积聚，也没有还需要去做的事。
Katassa paṭicayo natthi, karaṇīyaṃ na vijjati.
20如同一整块坚固的岩石，不会被风吹动，
Selo yathā ekagghano, vātena na samīrati;
21同样地，对于所有的色、声、香、味、触，
Evaṃ rūpā rasā saddā, gandhā phassā ca kevalā.
22无论合意的法还是不合意的法，都无法动摇这样的一位安住者；
Iṭṭhā dhammā aniṭṭhā ca, na pavedhenti tādino;
23他的心稳固、彻底解脱，注视着它们的坏灭。
Ṭhitaṃ cittaṃ vippamuttaṃ, vayañcassānupassatīti.
27首那果离维萨事完
Soṇakoḷivisavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
28148. 双层等鞋的禁止
148. Diguṇādiupāhanapaṭikkhepo
245那时，世尊对比丘们说：“比丘们，善男子们就是应该像这样来记说自己，既讲清楚了意义，又没有抬高自己。然而，这里有一些愚人，他们记说自己，我觉得就像是闹着玩似的，结果后来却招来了懊恼。” 接着，世尊便对具寿首那说：“首那，你确实是细皮嫩肉的。首那，我允许你穿一重底的鞋子。” “大德，我放下了价值八十车队的黄金，从在家生活出家，进入非家生活，随从也是七腕尺高的。大德，如果我穿上一重底的鞋子，就会有人这样说我：‘首那·国离维萨放下了价值八十车队的黄金，从在家生活出家，进入非家生活，随从也是七腕尺高的。可他现在却执著于一重底的鞋子。’如果世尊允许比丘僧团穿，我也就穿；如果世尊不允许比丘僧团穿，我也就不穿。” 于是，世尊以此因缘、以此事件，先说了法，然后对比丘们说：“比丘们，我允许穿一重底的鞋子。比丘们，不可以穿两重底的鞋子；不可以穿三重底的鞋子；不可以穿多重底的鞋子。如果谁穿了，犯恶作。”
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, kulaputtā aññaṃ byākaronti, attho ca vutto, attā ca anupanīto. Atha ca, panidhekacce moghapurisā hasamānakaṃ, maññe, aññaṃ byākaronti, te pacchā vighātaṃ āpajjantī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ soṇaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘tvaṃ khosi, soṇa, sukhumālo. Anujānāmi te, soṇa, ekapalāsikaṃ upāhana’’nti. ‘‘Ahaṃ kho, bhante, asītisakaṭavāhe hiraññaṃ ohāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, sattahatthikañca anīkaṃ. Athāhaṃ bhante ekapalāsikaṃ ce upāhanaṃ pariharissāmi, tassa me bhavissanti vattāro ‘soṇo koḷiviso asītisakaṭavāhe hiraññaṃ ohāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, sattahatthikañca anīkaṃ. So dānāyaṃ ekapalāsikāsu upāhanāsu satto’ti. Sace bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghassa anujānissati ahampi paribhuñjissāmi; no ce bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghassa anujānissati, ahampi na paribhuñjissāmī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekapalāsikaṃ upāhanaṃ. Na, bhikkhave, diguṇā upāhanā dhāretabbā. Na tiguṇā upāhanā dhāretabbā. Na guṇaṅguṇūpāhanā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
30双层等鞋的禁止完
Diguṇādiupāhanapaṭikkhepo niṭṭhito.
31149. 全蓝色等的禁止
149. Sabbanīlikādipaṭikkhepo
246那时，六群比丘穿着全蓝色的鞋……穿着全黄色的鞋……穿着全红色的鞋……穿着全深红色的鞋……穿着全黑色的鞋……穿着全大红红色的鞋……穿着全深红红色的鞋。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘就像那些在家享受欲乐的人一样。’比丘们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，不应穿着全蓝色的鞋……不该穿着全黄色的鞋，不该穿着全红色的鞋，不该穿着全深红色的鞋，不该穿着全黑色的鞋，不该穿着全大红红色的鞋，不该穿着全深红红色的鞋。谁穿了，犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sabbanīlikā upāhanāyo dhārenti…pe… sabbapītikā upāhanāyo dhārenti… sabbalohitikā upāhanāyo dhārenti… sabbamañjiṭṭhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti … sabbakaṇhā upāhanāyo dhārenti… sabbamahāraṅgarattā upāhanāyo dhārenti… sabbamahānāmarattā upāhanāyo dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti, ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, sabbanīlikā upāhanā dhāretabbā…pe… na sabbapītikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na sabbalohitikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na sabbamañjiṭṭhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na sabbakaṇhā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na sabbamahāraṅgarattā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na sabbamahānāmarattā upāhanā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
26那时，六群比丘穿着蓝边的鞋，穿着黄边的鞋，穿着红边的鞋，穿着深红边的鞋，穿着黑边的鞋，穿着大红红边的鞋，穿着深红红边的鞋。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘就像那些在家享受欲乐的人一样。’比丘们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，不应穿着蓝边的鞋……不该穿着黄边的鞋，不该穿着红边的鞋，不该穿着深红边的鞋，不该穿着黑边的鞋，不该穿着大红红边的鞋，不该穿着深红红边的鞋。谁穿了，犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nīlakavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, pītakavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, lohitakavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, mañjiṭṭhikavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, kaṇhavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, mahāraṅgarattavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, mahānāmarattavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti, ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, nīlakavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā…pe… na pītakavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na lohitakavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na mañjiṭṭhikavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na kaṇhavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na mahāraṅgarattavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na mahānāmarattavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
27那时，六群比丘穿着用山羊皮缝合的鞋……穿着用袋状皮革做的鞋，穿着边缘用皮革缠绕的鞋，穿着塞满棉花的鞋，穿着饰有鹧鸪羽毛的鞋，穿着饰有公羊角的鞋，穿着饰有山羊角的鞋，穿着饰有蝎子尾尖的鞋，穿着用孔雀羽毛扇状装饰的鞋，穿着杂色的鞋。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘就像那些在家享受欲乐的人一样。’比丘们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，不应穿着用山羊皮缝合的鞋……不该穿着袋状皮革的鞋，不该穿着边缘缠绕的鞋，不该穿着塞棉花的鞋，不该穿着鹧鸪羽毛饰的鞋，不该穿着公羊角饰的鞋，不该穿着山羊角饰的鞋，不该穿着蝎尾尖饰的鞋，不该穿着孔雀羽扇饰的鞋，不该穿着杂色的鞋。谁穿了，犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū khallakabaddhā upāhanāyo dhārenti…pe… puṭabaddhā upāhanāyo dhārenti, pāliguṇṭhimā upāhanāyo dhārenti, tūlapuṇṇikā upāhanāyo dhārenti , tittirapattikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, meṇḍavisāṇavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, ajavisāṇavaddhikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, vicchikāḷikā upāhanāyo dhārenti, morapiñcha parisibbitā upāhanāyo dhārenti, citrā upāhanāyo dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti, ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave , khallakabaddhā upāhanā dhāretabbā…pe… na puṭabaddhā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na pāliguṇṭhimā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na tūlapuṇṇikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na tittirapattikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na meṇḍavisāṇavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na ajavisāṇavaddhikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na vicchikāḷikā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na morapiñchaparisibbitā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na citrā upāhanā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
28那时，六群比丘穿着用狮子皮镶边的鞋……穿着用虎皮镶边的鞋，穿着用豹皮镶边的鞋，穿着用鹿皮镶边的鞋，穿着用水獭皮镶边的鞋，穿着用猫皮镶边的鞋，穿着用黑鹿皮镶边的鞋，穿着用豺狼皮镶边的鞋。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘就像那些在家享受欲乐的人一样。’比丘们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，不应穿着狮子皮镶边的鞋……不该穿着虎皮镶边的鞋，不该穿着豹皮镶边的鞋，不该穿着鹿皮镶边的鞋，不该穿着水獭皮镶边的鞋，不该穿着猫皮镶边的鞋，不该穿着黑鹿皮镶边的鞋，不该穿着豺狼皮镶边的鞋。谁穿了，犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sīhacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanāyo dhārenti…pe… byagghacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanāyo dhārenti, dīpicammaparikkhaṭā upāhanāyo dhārenti, ajinacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanāyo dhārenti, uddacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanāyo dhārenti, majjāracammaparikkhaṭā upāhanāyo dhārenti, kāḷakacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanāyo dhārenti, luvakacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanāyo dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti, ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, sīhacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanā dhāretabbā…pe… na byagghacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na dīpicammaparikkhaṭā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na ajinacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na uddacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na majjāracammaparikkhaṭā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na kāḷakacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanā dhāretabbā, na luvakacammaparikkhaṭā upāhanā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
36全蓝色等的禁止完
Sabbanīlikādipaṭikkhepo niṭṭhito.
37150. 允许垂带鞋
150. Omukkaguṇaṅguṇūpāhanānujānanā
247那时，世尊在午前穿好下衣，拿着钵和衣，进入王舍城托钵乞食，有一位比丘作为随从沙门跟在后面。那位比丘一瘸一拐地，从后面跟着世尊。有一位在家居士，穿着多层底鞋，远远看见世尊走过来；看见后，他就穿上鞋走向世尊；走近后，顶礼世尊，然后走向那位比丘；走近那位比丘后，他顶礼比丘，然后问道：‘尊者，这位长老为什么一瘸一拐的？’‘朋友，我的脚裂了。’‘尊者，这里有些鞋，请拿去用吧。’‘朋友，不用了，世尊已经禁止穿多层底鞋了。’‘比丘，拿着这些鞋吧。’于是，世尊以这个因缘、这个事件，说了与法相应的开示后，告诉比丘们说：‘比丘们，我允许穿被人脱下的多层底鞋。但是，比丘们，不可以穿新的多层底鞋。谁穿了，犯恶作。’
Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi, aññatarena bhikkhunā pacchāsamaṇena. Atha kho so bhikkhu khañjamāno bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhi. Addasā kho aññataro upāsako guṇaṅguṇūpāhanā ārohitvā bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ; disvā upāhanā ārohitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ abhivādetvā etadavoca – ‘‘kissa, bhante, ayyo khañjatī’’ti ? ‘‘Pādā me, āvuso, phalitā’’ti . ‘‘Handa, bhante, upāhanāyo’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ , āvuso, paṭikkhittā bhagavatā guṇaṅguṇūpāhanā’’ti. ‘‘Gaṇhāhetā, bhikkhu, upāhanāyo’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, omukkaṃ guṇaṅguṇūpāhanaṃ. Na, bhikkhave, navā guṇaṅguṇūpāhanā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
39允许垂带鞋完
Omukkaguṇaṅguṇūpāhanānujānanā niṭṭhitā.
40151. 内园中鞋的禁止
151. Ajjhārāme upāhanapaṭikkhepo
248那时，世尊赤着脚在空地上经行。因为导师赤脚经行，长老比丘们也都赤脚经行。六群比丘却在导师赤脚经行、长老比丘们赤脚经行的时候，穿着鞋经行。那些少欲的比丘们……他们讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘怎么可以这样？六群比丘竟然在导师赤脚经行、长老比丘们也赤脚经行的时候，穿着鞋经行。’于是，那些比丘把这件事报告给世尊……世尊问：‘比丘们，听说六群比丘真的在导师赤脚经行、长老比丘们也赤脚经行的时候，穿着鞋经行吗？’‘是真的，世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责了他们……说：‘比丘们，你们这些愚蠢的人，怎么可以在导师赤脚经行、长老比丘们也赤脚经行的时候，穿着鞋经行呢？比丘们，请看，那些在家白衣，为了谋生技艺的缘故，尚能对老师们保持恭敬、尊重、顺从共住。你们在这样善说的法和律中出家，却对老师、与老师同等的人，对戒师、与戒师同等的人，无恭敬、无尊重、不顺从共住，比丘们，这应该是值得称道的吗？这不能令未生信者生信……’呵责之后，说了与法相应的开示，然后告诉比丘们说：‘比丘们，在老师、与老师同等的人，戒师、与戒师同等的人赤脚经行时，不应穿着鞋经行。谁那样经行，犯恶作。还有，比丘们，不应在寺院范围内穿鞋。谁穿了，犯恶作。’
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā ajjhokāse anupāhano caṅkamati. Satthā anupāhano caṅkamatīti, therāpi bhikkhū anupāhanā caṅkamanti. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū, satthari anupāhane caṅkamamāne, theresupi bhikkhūsu anupāhanesu caṅkamamānesu, saupāhanā caṅkamanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū, satthari anupāhane caṅkamamāne, theresupi bhikkhūsu anupāhanesu caṅkamamānesu, saupāhanā caṅkamissantī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū, satthari anupāhane caṅkamamāne, theresupi bhikkhūsu anupāhanesu caṅkamamānesu, saupāhanā caṅkamantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā, satthari anupāhane caṅkamamāne, theresupi bhikkhūsu anupāhanesu caṅkamamānesu, saupāhanā caṅkamissanti. Ime hi nāma, bhikkhave , gihī odātavatthavasanakā abhijīvanikassa sippassa kāraṇā ācariyesu sagāravā sappatissā sabhāgavuttikā viharissanti. Idha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sobhetha, yaṃ tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā ācariyesu ācariyamattesu upajjhāyesu upajjhāyamattesu agāravā appatissā asabhāgavuttikā vihareyyātha. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, ācariyesu ācariyamattesu upajjhāyesu upajjhāyamattesu anupāhanesu caṅkamamānesu saupāhanena caṅkamitabbaṃ. Yo caṅkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa . Na ca, bhikkhave, ajjhārāme upāhanā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
249那时，有一位比丘患有脚甲病。比丘们搀扶着他去大小便。世尊巡视房舍时，看见那些比丘搀扶着那位比丘去大小便，看见后，走近那些比丘，问他们说：‘比丘们，这位比丘得了什么病？’‘尊者，这位长老患有脚甲病，我们搀扶着他去大小便。’于是，世尊以这个因缘、这个事件，说了与法相应的开示后，告诉比丘们说：‘比丘们，我允许那些脚痛、脚裂或患有脚甲病的人穿鞋。’
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno pādakhilābādho hoti. Taṃ bhikkhū pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmenti. Addasā kho bhagavā senāsanacārikaṃ āhiṇḍanto te bhikkhū taṃ bhikkhuṃ pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmente, disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ imassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ābādho’’ti? ‘‘Imassa, bhante, āyasmato pādakhilābādho; imaṃ mayaṃ pariggahetvā uccārampi passāvampi nikkhāmemā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yassa pādā vā dukkhā, pādā vā phalitā, pādakhilo vā ābādho upāhanaṃ dhāretu’’nti.
32那时，比丘们没有洗脚就爬上床和椅子，把衣和床座都弄脏了。比丘们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘我允许，比丘们，当心想“我现在要上床或坐椅子了”的时候，可以穿鞋。’
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū adhotehi pādehi mañcampi pīṭhampi abhiruhanti; cīvarampi senāsanampi dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ‘idāni mañcaṃ vā pīṭhaṃ vā abhiruhissāmī’’ti upāhanaṃ dhāretunti.
33那时候，比丘们在夜晚去布萨堂和集会堂时，在黑暗中踩到了树桩和荆棘，脚都受伤了。他们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：“比丘们，我允许你们在寺院范围内穿鞋，也允许用火把、灯和手杖。”
Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū rattiyā uposathaggampi sannisajjampi gacchantā andhakāre khāṇumpi kaṇṭakampi akkamanti; pādā dukkhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ajjhārāme upāhanaṃ dhāretuṃ, ukkaṃ, padīpaṃ, kattaradaṇḍanti.
45内园中鞋的禁止完
Ajjhārāme upāhanapaṭikkhepo niṭṭhito.
46152. 木屐等的禁止
152. Kaṭṭhapādukādipaṭikkhepo
250那时候，六群比丘在夜晚天快亮时就起来，穿上高帮木屐，在露天处经行，发出很响的声音、很大的声音、咔嗒咔嗒的响声，还谈论着各种低级的话题，比如：国王论、盗贼论、大臣论、军队论、恐惧论、战争论、食物论、饮料论、衣服论、床具论、花鬘论、香料论、亲戚论、车辆论、村庄论、城镇论、城市论、地方论、女人论、英雄论、街巷论、井边论、亡者论、杂论、世间传说、海洋传说，以及有关存在与不存在的议论；他们踩到小虫子也把虫子弄死了，也扰乱了比丘们的心，让他们不能入定。那些少欲的比丘们……都嫌弃、责备、批评说：‘六群比丘怎么能在夜晚天快亮时就起来，穿上高帮木屐，在露天处经行，发出很响的声音、很大的声音、咔嗒咔嗒的响声，还谈论着各种低级的话题，比如：国王论、盗贼论……乃至有关存在与不存在的议论，踩到小虫子也把虫子弄死了，还扰乱了比丘们的心，让他们不能入定呢？’于是，那些比丘把这件事报告给世尊……世尊问：‘比丘们，听说六群比丘真的在夜晚天快亮时就起来，穿上高帮木屐，在露天处经行，发出很响的声音、很大的声音、咔嗒咔嗒的响声，还谈论着各种低级的话题，比如：国王论、盗贼论……乃至有关存在与不存在的议论，踩到小虫子也把虫子弄死了，还扰乱了比丘们的心，让他们不能入定，这是真的吗？’他们回答：‘是真的，世尊。’……世尊呵责之后，讲了法义，然后对比丘们说：‘比丘们，不许穿高帮木屐。如果谁穿了，犯恶作罪。’”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya kaṭṭhapādukāyo abhiruhitvā ajjhokāse caṅkamanti, uccāsaddā mahāsaddā khaṭakhaṭasaddā, anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ kathentā, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ, corakathaṃ, mahāmattakathaṃ, senākathaṃ, bhayakathaṃ, yuddhakathaṃ, annakathaṃ, pānakathaṃ, vatthakathaṃ, sayanakathaṃ, mālākathaṃ, gandhakathaṃ, ñātikathaṃ, yānakathaṃ, gāmakathaṃ, nigamakathaṃ, nagarakathaṃ, janapadakathaṃ, itthikathaṃ , sūrakathaṃ, visikhākathaṃ, kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ , pubbapetakathaṃ, nānattakathaṃ, lokakkhāyikaṃ, samuddakkhāyikaṃ, itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā; kīṭakampi akkamitvā mārenti, bhikkhūpi samādhimhā cāventi. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya kaṭṭhapādukāyo abhiruhitvā ajjhokāse caṅkamissanti, uccāsaddā mahāsaddā khaṭakhaṭasaddā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ kathentā, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ, corakathaṃ…pe… itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā, kīṭakampi akkamitvā māressanti, bhikkhūpi samādhimhā cāvessantī’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya kaṭṭhapādukāyo abhiruhitvā ajjhokāse caṅkamanti, uccāsaddā mahāsaddā khaṭakhaṭasaddā, anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ kathentā, seyyathidaṃ, – rājakathaṃ, corakathaṃ…pe… itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā, kīṭakampi akkamitvā mārenti, bhikkhūpi samādhimhā cāventī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, kaṭṭhapādukā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
35后来，世尊在王舍城随意地住了一段时间后，就向波罗奈城方向游行出发了。一路依次游行，最后到了波罗奈城。那时，世尊就住在波罗奈城的仙人降处鹿野苑。那个时候，六群比丘因为世尊禁止了高帮木屐，就叫人割下嫩棕榈叶，用棕榈叶做鞋来穿；那些被割的嫩棕榈叶都枯萎了。人们嫌弃、责备、批评说：‘这些释迦族的沙门，怎么叫人割下嫩棕榈叶来做鞋穿呢？那些被割的嫩棕榈叶都枯萎了；这些释迦族的沙门残害有单一感官的生命！’那些比丘听到了人们嫌弃、责备、批评的话。于是，那些比丘把这件事报告给世尊……世尊问：‘比丘们，听说六群比丘真的叫人割下嫩棕榈叶来做鞋穿，那些被割的嫩棕榈叶都枯萎了，这是真的吗？’他们回答：‘是真的，世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责他们……然后说：‘你们这些愚蠢的人，怎么可以叫人割下嫩棕榈叶来做鞋穿呢？那些被割的嫩棕榈叶都枯萎了。比丘们，人们可是把树木看成有生命的。比丘们，这样做不能让没有信心的人产生信心……’呵责之后，讲了法义，然后对比丘们说：‘比丘们，不许穿棕榈叶做的鞋。如果谁穿了，犯恶作罪。’”
Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bārāṇasī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bārāṇasī tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū – bhagavatā kaṭṭhapādukā paṭikkhittāti – tālataruṇe chedāpetvā tālapattapādukāyo dhārenti; tāni tālataruṇāni chinnāni milāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā tālataruṇe chedāpetvā tālapattapādukāyo dhāressanti; tāni tālataruṇāni chinnāni milāyanti; ekindriyaṃ samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jīvaṃ viheṭhentī’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū tālataruṇe chedāpetvā tālapattapādukāyo dhārenti; tāni tālataruṇāni chinnāni milāyantī’’ti? Saccaṃ bhagavāti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā tālataruṇe chedāpetvā tālapattapādukāyo dhāressanti; tāni tālataruṇāni chinnāni milāyanti. Jīvasaññino hi, bhikkhave, manussā rukkhasmiṃ. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, tālapattapādukā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
36那时候，六群比丘因为世尊禁止了棕榈叶做的鞋，就叫人割下嫩竹子，用竹叶做鞋来穿。那些被割的嫩竹子都枯萎了。人们嫌弃、责备、批评说：‘这些释迦族的沙门，怎么叫人割下嫩竹子来做鞋穿呢？那些被割的嫩竹子都枯萎了；这些释迦族的沙门残害有单一感官的生命！’那些比丘听到了人们嫌弃、责备、批评的话。于是，那些比丘把这件事报告给世尊……世尊对比丘们讲：‘比丘们，人们可是把树木看成有生命的……比丘们，不许穿竹叶做的鞋。如果谁穿了，犯恶作罪。’”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ‘bhagavatā tālapattapādukā paṭikkhittā’ti veḷutaruṇe chedāpetvā veḷupattapādukāyo dhārenti. Tāni veḷutaruṇāni chinnāni milāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā veḷutaruṇe chedāpetvā veḷupattapādukāyo dhāressanti. Tāni veḷutaruṇāni chinnāni milāyanti. Ekindriyaṃ samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jīvaṃ viheṭhentī’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… jīvasaññino hi, bhikkhave, manussā rukkhasmiṃ…pe… na, bhikkhave, veḷupattapādukā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
251后来，世尊在波罗奈城随意地住了一段时间后，就向巴迪亚城方向游行出发了。一路依次游行，最后到了巴迪亚城。那时，世尊就住在巴迪亚城的遮提亚树林里。那个时候，巴迪亚城的比丘们沉迷于各种各样的鞋子装饰，他们自己做草鞋，也叫人做；自己做芦苇鞋，也叫人做；自己做香根草鞋，也叫人做；自己做棕榈叶鞋，也叫人做；自己做毛料鞋，也叫人做；自己做金合欢鞋，也叫人做。他们把教诫、提问、增上戒、增上心、增上慧这些修行都给荒废了。那些少欲的比丘们……都嫌弃、责备、批评说：‘巴迪亚城的比丘们怎么能沉迷于各种各样的鞋子装饰，自己做草鞋，也叫人做……乃至自己做金合欢鞋，也叫人做，把教诫、提问、增上戒、增上心、增上慧这些修行都给荒废了呢？’于是，那些比丘把这件事报告给世尊……世尊问：‘比丘们，听说巴迪亚城的比丘们真的沉迷于各种各样的鞋子装饰，自己做草鞋，也叫人做……乃至把教诫、提问、增上戒、增上心、增上慧这些修行都给荒废了，这是真的吗？’他们回答：‘是真的，世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责他们……然后说：‘你们这些愚蠢的人，怎么可以沉迷于各种各样的鞋子装饰，自己做草鞋，也叫人做……乃至把教诫、提问、增上戒、增上心、增上慧这些修行都给荒废了呢？比丘们，这样做不能让没有信心的人产生信心……’呵责之后……讲了法义，然后对比丘们说：‘比丘们，不许穿草鞋，不许穿芦苇鞋，不许穿香根草鞋，不许穿棕榈叶鞋，不许穿金合欢鞋，不许穿毛料鞋；不许穿金鞋，不许穿银鞋，不许穿摩尼珠鞋，不许穿琉璃鞋，不许穿水晶鞋，不许穿青铜鞋，不许穿玻璃鞋，不许穿锡鞋，不许穿铅鞋，不许穿铜鞋。如果谁穿了，犯恶作罪。还有，比丘们，任何可以走路穿的鞋都不许穿，如果谁穿了，犯恶作罪。比丘们，我允许三种在固定地方使用、不能穿着走路的鞋：厕所用的鞋、小便处用的鞋、洗手洗脚处用的鞋。’”
Atha kho bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena bhaddiyaṃ tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bhaddiyaṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā bhaddiye viharati jātiyā vane. Tena kho pana samayena bhaddiyā bhikkhū anekavihitaṃ pādukamaṇḍanānuyogamanuyuttā viharanti, tiṇapādukaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, muñjapādukaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, pabbajapādukaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, hintālapādukaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, kamalapādukaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, kambalapādukaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi, riñcanti uddesaṃ paripucchaṃ adhisīlaṃ adhicittaṃ adhipaññaṃ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā…pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhaddiyā bhikkhū anekavihitaṃ pādukamaṇḍanānuyogamanuyuttā viharissanti, tiṇapādukaṃ karissantipi kārāpessantipi, muñjapādukaṃ karissantipi kārāpessantipi, pabbajapādukaṃ karissantipi kārāpessantipi, hintālapādukaṃ karissantipi kārāpessantipi, kamalapādukaṃ karissantipi kārāpessantipi, kambalapādukaṃ karissantipi kārāpessantipi, riñcissanti uddesaṃ paripucchaṃ adhisīlaṃ adhicittaṃ adhipañña’’nti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhaddiyā bhikkhū anekavihitaṃ pādukamaṇḍanānuyogamanuyuttā viharanti, tiṇapādukaṃ karontipi kārāpentipi…pe… riñcanti uddesaṃ paripucchaṃ adhisīlaṃ adhicittaṃ adhipañña’’nti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā anekavihitaṃ pādukamaṇḍanānuyogamanuyuttā viharissanti, tiṇapādukaṃ karissantipi kārāpessantipi…pe… riñcissanti uddesaṃ paripucchaṃ adhisīlaṃ adhicittaṃ adhipaññaṃ. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, tiṇapādukā dhāretabbā, na muñjapādukā dhāretabbā, na pabbajapādukā dhāretabbā, na hintālapādukā dhāretabbā, na kamalapādukā dhāretabbā , na kambalapādukā dhāretabbā, na sovaṇṇamayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na rūpiyamayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na maṇimayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na veḷuriyamayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na phalikamayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na kaṃsamayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na kācamayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na tipumayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na sīsamayā pādukā dhāretabbā, na tambalohamayā pādukā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, kāci saṅkamaniyā pādukā dhāretabbā. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tisso pādukā dhuvaṭṭhāniyā asaṅkamaniyāyo – vaccapādukaṃ, passāvapādukaṃ, ācamanapāduka’’nti.
252后来，世尊在巴迪亚城随意地住了一段时间后，就向舍卫城城方向游行出发了。一路依次游行，最后到了舍卫城城。那时，世尊就住在舍卫城城的揭德林给孤独园。那个时候，六群比丘在阿契拉瓦提河里，对着正在渡河的牛，有的抓牛角，有的抓牛耳朵，有的抓牛脖子，有的抓牛尾巴，有的爬到牛背上，有的带着染污的心去碰牛的生殖器，还有的把小牛犊按到水里淹死。人们嫌弃、责备、批评说：‘这些释迦族的沙门，怎么对正在渡河的牛，有的抓牛角……就像那些享受欲乐的在家人一样！’那些比丘听到了人们嫌弃、责备、批评的话。于是，那些比丘把这件事报告给世尊……世尊问：‘比丘们，这是真的吗？……’他们回答：‘是真的，世尊。’……世尊呵责之后……讲了法义，然后对比丘们说：‘比丘们，不许抓牛的角，不许抓牛的耳朵，不许抓牛的脖子，不许抓牛的尾巴，不许爬到牛背上。如果谁爬上去，犯恶作罪。还有，比丘们，不许带着染污的心去碰牛的生殖器，如果谁碰了，犯粗罪。不许淹死小牛犊，如果谁弄死了，要依法处置。’”
Atha kho bhagavā bhaddiye yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū aciravatiyā nadiyā gāvīnaṃ tarantīnaṃ visāṇesupi gaṇhanti, kaṇṇesupi gaṇhanti, gīvāyapi gaṇhanti, cheppāpi gaṇhanti, piṭṭhimpi abhiruhanti, rattacittāpi aṅgajātaṃ chupanti, vacchatarimpi ogāhetvā mārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā gāvīnaṃ tarantīnaṃ visāṇesupi gahessanti…pe… seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhū tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave,…pe… saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, gāvīnaṃ visāṇesu gahetabbaṃ, na kaṇṇesu gahetabbaṃ, na gīvāya gahetabbaṃ, na cheppāya gahetabbaṃ, na piṭṭhi abhiruhitabbā . Yo abhiruheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, rattacittena aṅgajātaṃ chupitabbaṃ. Yo chupeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa. Na vacchatarī māretabbā. Yo māreyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti.
52木屐等的禁止完
Kaṭṭhapādukādipaṭikkhepo niṭṭhito.
53153. 车乘等的禁止
153. Yānādipaṭikkhepo
253那时候，六群比丘乘着车子出行，有时女人驾的车和男人一起坐，有时男人驾的车和女人一起坐。人们嫌弃、责备、批评说：‘这就像恒河节庆里的狂欢一样！’人们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，不许乘车出行。如果谁乘车了，犯恶作罪。’那个时候，有一位比丘在憍萨罗国的地方，正要去舍卫城城拜见世尊，在半路上生病了。于是，那位比丘离开大路，在一棵树下坐下。人们看到那位比丘，就对他说：‘尊者，您要去哪里啊？’他说：‘朋友，我要去舍卫城城拜见世尊。’人们说：‘来吧，尊者，我们带您去。’他说：‘朋友，我不行了，我生病了。’人们说：‘来吧，尊者，请上车吧。’他因为忧虑，说：‘够了，朋友，世尊禁止了车子。’就没有上车。后来，那位比丘到了舍卫城城，把这件事告诉了比丘们。比丘们又把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，我允许生病的比丘乘车。’那时，比丘们心里想：‘是允许女人驾的车，还是男人驾的车呢？’他们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，我允许男人驾的车，也允许手拉车。’”
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū yānena yāyanti, itthiyuttenapi purisantarena, purisayuttenapi itthantarena. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘seyyathāpi gaṅgāmahiyāyā’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, yānena yāyitabbaṃ . Yo yāyeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu kosalesu janapade sāvatthiṃ gacchanto bhagavantaṃ dassanāya antarāmagge gilāno hoti. Atha kho so bhikkhu maggā okkamma aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Manussā taṃ bhikkhuṃ disvā etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kahaṃ, bhante, ayyo gamissatī’’ti? ‘‘Sāvatthiṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso, gamissāmi bhagavantaṃ dassanāyā’’ti. ‘‘Ehi, bhante, gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, āvuso, sakkomi, gilānomhī’’ti. ‘‘Ehi, bhante, yānaṃ abhiruhā’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, āvuso, paṭikkhittaṃ bhagavatā yāna’’nti kukkuccāyanto yānaṃ nābhiruhi. Atha kho so bhikkhu sāvatthiṃ gantvā bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa yānanti. Atha kho bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘itthiyuttaṃ nu kho purisayuttaṃ nu kho’’ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi , bhikkhave, purisayuttaṃ hatthavaṭṭakanti.
40那时候，有一位比丘因为车子颠簸，感觉更加难受痛苦。人们把这件事报告给世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，我允许用抬床式的担架。’”
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno yānugghātena bāḷhataraṃ aphāsu ahosi. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sivikaṃ pāṭaṅkinti.
56车乘等的禁止完
Yānādipaṭikkhepo niṭṭhito.
57154. 高床大床的禁止
154. Uccāsayanamahāsayanapaṭikkhepo
254那时候，六群比丘用着各种高大豪华的卧具，也就是这些：阿珊蒂床、长椅、长毛大毯、彩绣毯、纯白羊毛毯、羊毛花毯、有填充物的床垫、有刺绣的床罩、单面有毛的毯子、双面都有毛的毯子、丝织毯、丝绸毯、十六个舞女才能织成的大毛毯、象毯、马毯、车毯、羚羊皮拼毯、迦达利鹿皮特等毯、有华盖的床、两端都有红色头枕的床。人们在寺院里到处走动，看到了就讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘这跟在家人享受五欲的人有什么两样。’他们把这事报告了世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，不应使用高大豪华的卧具，也就是：阿珊蒂床、长椅、长毛大毯、彩绣毯、纯白羊毛毯、羊毛花毯、有填充物的床垫、有刺绣的床罩、单面有毛的毯子、双面都有毛的毯子、丝织毯、丝绸毯、十六个舞女才能织成的大毛毯、象毯、马毯、车毯、羚羊皮拼毯、迦达利鹿皮特等毯、有华盖的床、两端都有红色头枕的床。如果谁用了，犯恶作罪。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uccāsayanamahāsayanāni dhārenti, seyyathidaṃ – āsandiṃ, pallaṅkaṃ, gonakaṃ, cittakaṃ, paṭikaṃ, paṭalikaṃ, tūlikaṃ, vikatikaṃ, uddhalomiṃ , ekantalomiṃ, kaṭṭissaṃ, koseyyaṃ , kuttakaṃ, hatthattharaṃ, assattharaṃ, rathattharaṃ, ajinapaveṇiṃ, kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ, sauttaracchadaṃ, ubhatolohitakūpadhānanti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, uccāsayanamahāsayanāni dhāretabbāni, seyyathidaṃ – āsandi, pallaṅko, gonako, cittako, paṭikā, paṭalikā, tūlikā, vikatikā, uddhalomi, ekantalomi, kaṭṭissaṃ, koseyyaṃ, kuttakaṃ, hatthattharaṃ, assattharaṃ, rathattharaṃ, ajinapaveṇi, kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṃ, sauttaracchadaṃ, ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṃ. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
59高床大床的禁止完
Uccāsayanamahāsayanapaṭikkhepo niṭṭhito.
60155. 一切皮革的禁止
155. Sabbacammapaṭikkhepo
255那时候，六群比丘心想：‘世尊禁止用高大豪华的卧具了。’他们就改用大型的兽皮，像狮子皮、老虎皮、豹子皮。这些皮有的剪成床铺大小，有的剪成椅子大小，有的铺在床里面，有的铺在床外面，有的铺在椅子里面，有的铺在椅子外面。人们在寺院里到处走动，看到了就讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘这跟在家人享受五欲的人有什么两样。’他们把这事报告了世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，不应使用大型兽皮，像狮子皮、老虎皮、豹子皮。如果谁用了，犯恶作罪。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū – bhagavatā uccāsayanamahāsayanāni paṭikkhittānīti – mahācammāni dhārenti, sīhacammaṃ byagghacammaṃ dīpicammaṃ. Tāni mañcappamāṇenapi chinnāni honti, pīṭhappamāṇenapi chinnāni honti, antopi mañce paññattāni honti, bahipi mañce paññattāni honti, antopi pīṭhe paññattāni honti, bahipi pīṭhe paññattāni honti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Na, bhikkhave, mahācammāni dhāretabbāni, sīhacammaṃ byagghacammaṃ dīpicammaṃ. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
43那时候，六群比丘心想：‘世尊禁止用大型兽皮了。’他们就改用牛皮。这些牛皮有的剪成床铺大小，有的剪成椅子大小，有的铺在床里面，有的铺在床外面，有的铺在椅子里面，有的铺在椅子外面。有一位恶比丘，跟一位恶男居士很熟。那时，那位恶比丘在午前穿好下衣，拿着钵和上衣，前往那位恶男居士的住处，到了以后，在铺好的座位上坐下。那位恶男居士就去见那位恶比丘，到了以后，向那位恶比丘礼敬，然后坐在一边。那时候，那位恶男居士有头小牛，很幼小，长相漂亮、好看、可爱、毛色斑驳，就像小豹子一样。那位恶比丘就很认真地盯着那头皮小牛看。于是，那位恶男居士对那位恶比丘说：‘大德，尊者为什么这么认真地盯着这头小牛看呢？’ 恶比丘说：‘朋友，我需要这头小牛的皮。’ 那位恶男居士就杀了那头小牛，剥下皮来，送给了那位恶比丘。那位恶比丘用僧伽梨衣把那张皮包好就走了。那头母牛因为眷恋小牛，就紧跟着那位恶比丘，一步不离。其他比丘就问：‘朋友，这头母牛为什么一步不离地跟着你呢？’ 他说：‘朋友们，我也不知道这头母牛为什么一步不离地跟着我。’ 那时候，那位恶比丘的僧伽梨衣沾满了血。其他比丘又问：‘朋友，你这件僧伽梨衣是怎么搞的？’ 那位恶比丘就把这事告诉了比丘们。比丘们说：‘朋友，难道你指使了杀生吗？’ 他说：‘是的，朋友们。’ 那些少欲知足的比丘就讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘一个比丘怎么能指使杀生呢？难道世尊不是用了各种方法呵责杀生，赞叹离杀生吗？’ 然后，那些比丘就把这事报告了世尊。
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū – bhagavatā mahācammāni paṭikkhittānīti – gocammāni dhārenti. Tāni mañcappamāṇenapi chinnāni honti, pīṭhappamāṇenapi chinnāni honti, antopi mañce paññattāni honti, bahipi mañce paññattāni honti, antopi pīṭhe paññattāni honti, bahipi pīṭhe paññattāni honti. Aññataropi pāpabhikkhu aññatarassa pāpupāsakassa kulūpako hoti. Atha kho so pāpabhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa pāpupāsakassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho so pāpupāsako yena so pāpabhikkhu tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā taṃ pāpabhikkhuṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Tena kho pana samayena tassa pāpupāsakassa vacchako hoti taruṇako abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko citro, seyyathāpi dīpicchāpo. Atha kho so pāpabhikkhu taṃ vacchakaṃ sakkaccaṃ upanijjhāyati. Atha kho so pāpupāsako taṃ pāpabhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa, bhante, ayyo imaṃ vacchakaṃ sakkaccaṃ upanijjhāyatī’’ti? ‘‘Attho me, āvuso, imassa vacchakassa cammenā’’ti. Atha kho so pāpupāsako taṃ vacchakaṃ vadhitvā cammaṃ vidhunitvā tassa pāpabhikkhuno pādāsi. Atha kho so pāpabhikkhu taṃ cammaṃ saṅghāṭiyā paṭicchādetvā agamāsi. Atha kho sā gāvī vacchagiddhinī taṃ pāpabhikkhuṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhi. Bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘kissa tyāyaṃ, āvuso, gāvī piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhī’’ti? ‘‘Ahampi kho, āvuso, na jānāmi kena myāyaṃ gāvī piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhī’’ti. Tena kho pana samayena tassa pāpabhikkhuno saṅghāṭi lohitena makkhitā hoti. Bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘ayaṃ pana te, āvuso, saṅghāṭi kiṃ katā’’ti? Atha kho so pāpabhikkhu bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, āvuso, pāṇātipāte samādapesī’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhu pāṇātipāte samādapessati, nanu bhagavatā anekapariyāyena pāṇātipāto garahito, pāṇātipātā veramaṇī pasatthā’’ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ.
44那时，世尊就以这个因缘、这个事情召集了比丘僧团，审问那位恶比丘：‘比丘，听说你真的指使了杀生，是吗？’ 那位恶比丘说：‘是真的，世尊。’ 世尊就呵责他说：‘愚人，你怎么能指使杀生呢？愚人，难道我没有用各种方法呵责过杀生，赞叹过离杀生吗？愚人，这样做既不能让没生起信心的人生起信心……’ 呵责之后，世尊作了一番法谈，然后对比丘们说：‘比丘们，不应指使杀生。谁若指使，应按律法治罚。比丘们，不应使用牛皮。谁若用了，犯恶作罪。而且，比丘们，任何兽皮都不应用了。谁若用了，犯恶作罪。’
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā taṃ pāpabhikkhuṃ paṭipucchi – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, bhikkhu, pāṇātipāte samādapesī’’ti? Saccaṃ bhagavāti…pe… kathañhi nāma tvaṃ, moghapurisa, pāṇātipāte samādapessasi, nanu mayā, moghapurisa, anekapariyāyena pāṇātipāto garahito, pāṇātipātā veramaṇī pasatthā. Netaṃ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘na, bhikkhave, pāṇātipāte samādapetabbaṃ. Yo samādapeyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo. Na, bhikkhave, gocammaṃ dhāretabbaṃ. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na ca, bhikkhave, kiñci cammaṃ dhāretabbaṃ. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti.
64一切皮革的禁止完
Sabbacammapaṭikkhepo niṭṭhito.
65156. 允许在家装饰等
156. Gihivikatānuññātādi
256那时候，人们家里的床和椅子，有的是用皮革包的，有的是用皮条缠的。比丘们因为有所顾虑，不敢去坐。他们把这事报告了世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，我允许你们去坐在在家者制作的东西上，但是，不可以躺卧在上面。’
Tena kho pana samayena manussānaṃ mañcampi pīṭhampi cammonaddhāni honti, cammavinaddhāni. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nābhinisīdanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gihivikataṃ abhinisīdituṃ, na tveva abhinipajjitunti.
46那时候，寺院里的僧房用皮绳绑着东西。比丘们因为有所顾虑，不敢去坐。他们把这事报告了世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，我允许你们去坐在仅仅用于绑缚的地方。’
Tena kho pana samayena vihārā cammavaddhehi ogumphiyanti . Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nābhinisīdanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bandhanamattaṃ abhinisīditunti.
47那时候，六群比丘穿着鞋子进入村庄。人们在讥嫌、批评、指责说：‘这跟在家人享受五欲的人有什么两样。’他们把这事报告了世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，不应穿着鞋子进入村庄。谁若进去，犯恶作罪。’
Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū saupāhanā gāmaṃ pavisanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ . Na, bhikkhave, saupāhanena gāmo pavisitabbo. Yo paviseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti.
48那时候，有一位比丘生病了，不穿鞋子他没办法进村。他们把这事报告了世尊。世尊说：‘比丘们，我允许生病的比丘穿着鞋子进村。’
Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu gilāno hoti, na sakkoti vinā upāhanena gāmaṃ pavisituṃ. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānena bhikkhunā saupāhanena gāmaṃ pavisitunti.
70允许在家装饰等完
Gihivikatānuññātādi niṭṭhitā.
71157. 首那古帝咖纳事
157. Soṇakuṭikaṇṇavatthu
257那时，具寿大迦旃延住在阿梵提的库拉拉伽拉，在帕帕塔卡山上。那时，在家信众首那·国离维萨，是具寿大迦旃延的侍者。于是，在家信众首那·国离维萨来到具寿大迦旃延那里，到了之后，向具寿大迦旃延礼敬，然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的在家信众首那·国离维萨，对具寿大迦旃延这样说：‘尊者，就我对具寿大迦旃延所教导的法义的理解，要住在家里、过着如此拥挤的生活，去修习那种全然圆满、全然清净、表里一致的梵行，是不容易做到的。尊者，我想要剃除须发，穿上袈裟衣，从在家生活出家，进入无家的生活。尊者，请具寿大迦旃延让我出家吧。’大迦旃延说:‘首那啊，要一生都行孤眠、一食的梵行，是很困难的。这样吧，首那，你继续留在这里过在家生活，专心致力于佛陀的教法，适时地修孤眠、一食的梵行吧。’于是，在家信众首那·国离维萨心中那股想出家的冲动，就暂时平息了下来。第二次，在家信众首那·国离维萨……（中略）……第三次，在家信众首那·国离维萨来到具寿大迦旃延那里，到了之后，向具寿大迦旃延礼敬，然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的在家信众首那·国离维萨，对具寿大迦旃延这样说：‘尊者，就我对具寿大迦旃延所教导的法义的理解，要住在家里、过着如此拥挤的生活，去修习那种全然圆满、全然清净、表里一致的梵行，是不容易做到的。尊者，我想要剃除须发，穿上袈裟衣，从在家生活出家，进入无家的生活。尊者，请具寿大迦旃延让我出家吧。’于是，具寿大迦旃延就让在家信众首那·国离维萨出家了。那时，阿梵提南路地区比丘稀少。具寿大迦旃延在过了三年之后，费了很大功夫，好不容易才从各处聚集了十个比丘的僧团，为具寿首那授了具足戒。
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā mahākaccāno avantīsu viharati kuraraghare papatake pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena soṇo upāsako kuṭikaṇṇo āyasmato mahākaccānassa upaṭṭhāko hoti. Atha kho soṇo upāsako kuṭikaṇṇo yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho soṇo upāsako kuṭikaṇṇo āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yathā yathāhaṃ, bhante, ayyena mahākaccānena dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Icchāmahaṃ, bhante, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajituṃ . Pabbājetu maṃ, bhante, ayyo mahākaccāno’’ti. ( ) ‘‘Dukkaraṃ kho, soṇa, yāvajīvaṃ ekaseyyaṃ ekabhattaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Iṅgha, tvaṃ, soṇa , tattheva agārikabhūto buddhānaṃ sāsanaṃ anuyuñja, kālayuttaṃ ekaseyyaṃ ekabhattaṃ brahmacariya’’nti. Atha kho soṇassa upāsakassa kuṭikaṇṇassa yo ahosi pabbajjābhisaṅkhāro so paṭippassambhi. Dutiyampi kho soṇo upāsako kuṭikaṇṇo …pe… tatiyampi kho soṇo upāsako kuṭikaṇṇo yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho soṇo upāsako kuṭikaṇṇo āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yathā yathāhaṃ, bhante, ayyena mahākaccānena dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Icchāmahaṃ, bhante, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajituṃ. Pabbājetu maṃ, bhante, ayyo mahākaccāno’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākaccāno soṇaṃ upāsakaṃ kuṭikaṇṇaṃ pabbājesi. Tena kho pana samayena avantidakkhiṇāpatho appabhikkhuko hoti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākaccāno tiṇṇaṃ vassānaṃ accayena kicchena kasirena tato tato dasavaggaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā āyasmantaṃ soṇaṃ upasampādesi.
73首那古帝咖纳事完
Soṇakuṭikaṇṇavatthu niṭṭhitaṃ.
74158. 大迦旃延的五种允许的显示
158. Mahākaccānassa pañcavaraparidassanā
50那时，具寿首那在雨安居结束后，独处静修时，心里生起了这样的念头：‘我只是听说过那位世尊，他是这样的、那样的，但我还没亲眼见过他。如果我的戒师允许，我想去见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。’于是，具寿首那在傍晚从静修处起来，来到具寿大迦旃延那里，到了之后，向具寿大迦旃延礼敬，然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的具寿首那，对具寿大迦旃延这样说：‘尊者，我独处静修时，心里生起了这样的念头：“我只是听说过那位世尊，他是这样的、那样的，但我还没亲眼见过他。如果我的戒师允许，我想去见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。”尊者，如果戒师允许，我想去见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。’大迦旃延说:‘很好，很好，首那。你去吧，首那，去见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。首那，你将会见到那位世尊，他是令人信服的、令人喜悦的、诸根寂静的、心意寂静的、达到最高调御与寂静的、达到无上的、已调伏的、已防护的、诸根已制的、如龙象般的人。那么，首那，你替我用头面礼敬世尊的双足，就说：“尊者，我的戒师具寿大迦旃延用头面礼敬世尊的双足。”并且这样禀报：“尊者，阿梵提南路地区比丘稀少，弟子在过了三年之后，费了很大功夫，好不容易才从各处聚集了十个比丘的僧团，得到了具足戒。愿世尊能允许在阿梵提南路地区，以更少人数的僧团授予具足戒。尊者，阿梵提南路地区土地黝黑坚硬，被牛蹄蹂躏破坏；愿世尊能允许在阿梵提南路地区，穿多层底的鞋子。尊者，阿梵提南路地区的人们注重沐浴，以水为净；愿世尊能允许在阿梵提南路地区，经常洗浴。尊者，阿梵提南路地区有铺地用的皮革，如绵羊皮、山羊皮、鹿皮。尊者，就像在中部地区有吉祥草、孔雀草、软草、灯心草一样，尊者，在阿梵提南路地区有的就是铺地用的皮革，如绵羊皮、山羊皮、鹿皮；愿世尊能允许在阿梵提南路地区，使用铺地用的皮革，如绵羊皮、山羊皮、鹿皮。现在，尊者，有人把衣服布施给外出的比丘们，说：‘我们将这件衣服布施给某某人。’那些受托的比丘回来后告知说：‘贤友，某某人布施了衣服给你。’但那些比丘因为有所疑虑，不敢接受，心想：‘别让这成为我们该舍而未舍的物品。’愿世尊能就衣服这件事，给予一个方便的开示。”’‘是的，尊者。’具寿首那答应了具寿大迦旃延后，从座起身，向具寿大迦旃延礼敬，右绕之后，收拾好住处，拿着钵和衣，就朝舍卫城出发了。他一站一站地走，最终来到了舍卫城的祇树给孤独园，来到世尊那里。到了之后，他向世尊礼敬，然后坐在一旁。那时，世尊对具寿阿难说：‘阿难，为这位来客比丘安排住处吧。’于是，具寿阿难心想：‘世尊吩咐我，“阿难，为这位来客比丘安排住处。”世尊是想和这位比丘同住一处，世尊是想和具寿首那同住一处。’于是，他就在世尊所住的那个住处，为具寿首那安排了床位。
Atha kho āyasmato soṇassa vassaṃvuṭṭhassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘sutoyeva kho me so bhagavā ediso ca ediso cāti, na ca mayā sammukhā diṭṭho, gaccheyyāhaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ, sace maṃ upajjhāyo anujāneyyā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā soṇo sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā soṇo āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idha mayhaṃ, bhante, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘suto yeva kho me so bhagavā ediso ca ediso cāti, na ca mayā sammukhā diṭṭho, gaccheyyāhaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ, sace maṃ upajjhāyo anujāneyyā’ti; gaccheyyāhaṃ, bhante, taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ, sace maṃ upajjhāyo anujānātī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, soṇa. Gaccha tvaṃ, soṇa, taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ. Dakkhissasi tvaṃ, soṇa, taṃ bhagavantaṃ pāsādikaṃ pasādanīyaṃ santindriyaṃ santamānasaṃ uttamadamathasamathaṃ amanuppattaṃ dantaṃ guttaṃ yatindriyaṃ nāgaṃ. Tena hi tvaṃ, soṇa, mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vanda – ‘upajjhāyo me, bhante, āyasmā mahākaccāno bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’’’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘‘avantidakkhiṇāpatho, bhante, appabhikkhuko, tiṇṇaṃ me vassānaṃ accayena kicchena kasirena tato tato dasavaggaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā upasampadaṃ alatthaṃ; appeva nāma bhagavā avantidakkhiṇāpathe appatarena gaṇena upasampadaṃ anujāneyya. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhante, kaṇhuttarā bhūmi kharā gokaṇṭakahatā; appeva nāma bhagavā avantidakkhiṇāpathe guṇaṅguṇūpāhanaṃ anujāneyya. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhante, nahānagarukā manussā udakasuddhikā; appeva nāma bhagavā avantidakkhiṇāpathe dhuvanahānaṃ anujāneyya. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhante, cammāni attharaṇāni, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, majjhimesu janapadesu eragū moragū majjārū jantū, evameva kho, bhante, avantidakkhiṇāpathe cammāni attharaṇāni, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ; appeva nāma bhagavā avantidakkhiṇāpathe cammāni attharaṇāni anujāneyya, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ. Etarahi, bhante, manussā nissīmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ cīvaraṃ denti – ‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa demā’’’ti. Te āgantvā ārocenti – ‘itthannāmehi te, āvuso, manussehi cīvaraṃ dinna’nti te kukkuccāyantā na sādiyanti – ‘mā no nissaggiyaṃ ahosī’ti; appeva nāma bhagavā cīvare pariyāyaṃ ācikkheyyā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā soṇo āyasmato mahākaccānassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sāvatthi tena pakkāmi. Anupubbena yena sāvatthi jetavanaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘imassa, ānanda, āgantukassa bhikkhuno senāsanaṃ paññāpehī’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā ānando – ‘‘yassa kho maṃ bhagavā āṇāpeti, ‘imassa, ānanda, āgantukassa bhikkhuno senāsanaṃ paññāpehī’ti, icchati bhagavā tena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ ekavihāre vatthuṃ, icchati bhagavā āyasmatā soṇena saddhiṃ ekavihāre vatthu’’nti – yasmiṃ vihāre bhagavā viharati tasmiṃ vihāre āyasmato soṇassa senāsanaṃ paññāpesi.
258那时，世尊在屋外过了大半夜，才进到住处里。具寿首那也是在屋外过了大半夜，才进到住处里。于是，世尊在后夜黎明时分起身，对具寿首那说：‘比丘，你展现一下法吧，说说看。’‘是的，尊者。’具寿首那答应了世尊，就用美妙的声音，完整地诵出了全部的《八颂经》。世尊在具寿首那梵呗结束时，随喜赞叹道：‘很好，很好，比丘。比丘，你掌握、善思惟、善持诵了这些《八颂经》。你也拥有优雅、流畅、没有瑕疵、能清晰传达义理的话语。比丘，你受戒多少年了？’‘世尊，我受戒一年。’世尊说:‘比丘，那你为什么要拖这么久（才来见我）呢？’具寿首那回答：‘尊者，我很久以前就看到了欲乐中的过患，只不过，在家生活是拥挤的，事务繁多，要做的杂事太多了。’于是，世尊知道了这个道理，就在那个时刻，诵出了这句感兴偈：
Atha kho bhagavā bahudeva rattiṃ ajjhokāse vītināmetvā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Āyasmāpi kho soṇo bahudeva rattiṃ ajjhokāse vītināmetvā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya āyasmantaṃ soṇaṃ ajjhesi – ‘‘paṭibhātu taṃ, bhikkhu, dhammo bhāsitu’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā soṇo bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā sabbāneva aṭṭhakavaggikāni sarena abhāsi. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmato soṇassa sarabhaññapariyosāne abbhānumodi – ‘‘sādhu, sādhu, bhikkhu. Suggahitāni kho te, bhikkhu, aṭṭhakavaggikāni , sumanasikatāni sūpadhāritāni. Kalyāṇiyāpi vācāya samannāgato, vissaṭṭhāya, anelagalāya , atthassa viññāpaniyā. Kativassosi tvaṃ, bhikkhū’’ti? ‘‘Ekavassohaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. ‘‘Kissa pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, evaṃ ciraṃ akāsī’’ti? ‘‘Ciraṃ diṭṭho me, bhante, kāmesu ādīnavo, api ca sambādhā gharāvāsā bahukiccā bahukaraṇīyā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
52‘看见了世间中的过患，了知了无执着的法；
‘‘Disvā ādīnavaṃ loke, ñatvā dhammaṃ nirūpadhiṃ;
53圣者不乐于恶，清净者不乐于恶。’
Ariyo na ramatī pāpe, pāpe na ramatī sucī’’ti.
54于是，具寿索那心想：‘世尊对我表达了随喜。这正是我向世尊转达戒师嘱咐的合适时机。’他便从座起身，把上衣搭在一肩，以头面顶礼世尊的双足，对世尊这样说：‘尊者，我的戒师具寿大迦旃延用头面礼敬世尊的双足，并这样禀报：“阿梵提南路地区，尊者，比丘稀少。弟子在过了三年之后，费了很大功夫，好不容易才从各处聚集了十个比丘的僧团，得到了具足戒。愿世尊能允许在阿梵提南路地区，以更少人数的僧团授予具足戒。阿梵提南路地区，尊者，土地黝黑坚硬，被牛蹄蹂躏破坏；愿世尊能允许在阿梵提南路地区，穿多层底的鞋子。阿梵提南路地区，尊者，人们注重沐浴，以水为净；愿世尊能允许在阿梵提南路地区，经常洗浴。阿梵提南路地区，尊者，有铺地用的皮革，如绵羊皮、山羊皮、鹿皮。尊者，就像在中部地区有吉祥草、孔雀草、软草、灯心草一样，尊者，在阿梵提南路地区有的就是铺地用的皮革，如绵羊皮、山羊皮、鹿皮；愿世尊能允许在阿梵提南路地区，使用铺地用的皮革，如绵羊皮、山羊皮、鹿皮。现在，尊者，有人把衣服布施给外出的比丘们，说：“我们将这件衣服布施给某某人。”那些受托的比丘回来后告知说：“贤友，某某人布施了衣服给你。”但那些比丘因为有所疑虑，不敢接受，心想：“别让这成为我们该舍而未舍的物品。”愿世尊能就衣服这件事，给予一个方便的开示。’”
Atha kho āyasmā soṇo – paṭisammodati kho maṃ bhagavā, ayaṃ khvassa kālo yaṃ me upajjhāyo paridassīti – uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘upajjhāyo me, bhante, āyasmā mahākaccāno bhagavato pāde sirasā vandati, evañca vadeti avantidakkhiṇāpatho, bhante, appabhikkhuko. Tiṇṇaṃ me vassānaṃ accayena kicchena kasirena tato tato dasavaggaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā upasampadaṃ alatthaṃ, appeva nāma bhagavā avantidakkhiṇāpathe appatarena gaṇena upasampadaṃ anujāneyya. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhante, kaṇhuttarā bhūmi kharā gokaṇṭakahatā; appeva nāma bhagavā avantidakkhiṇāpathe guṇaṅguṇūpāhanaṃ anujāneyya. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhante, nahānagarukā manussā udakasuddhikā, appeva nāma bhagavā avantidakkhiṇāpathe dhuvanahānaṃ anujāneyya. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhante, cammāni attharaṇāni, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, majjhimesu janapadesu eragū moragū majjārū jantū , evameva kho, bhante, avantidakkhiṇāpathe cammāni attharaṇāni, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ; appeva nāma bhagavā avantidakkhiṇāpathe cammāni attharaṇāni anujāneyya, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ. Etarahi, bhante, manussā nissīmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ cīvaraṃ denti – ‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa demā’ti. Te āgantvā ārocenti – ‘itthannāmehi te, āvuso, manussehi cīvaraṃ dinna’nti. Te kukkuccāyantā na sādiyanti – ‘mā no nissaggiyaṃ ahosī’ti; appeva nāma bhagavā cīvare pariyāyaṃ ācikkheyyā’’ti.
259于是，世尊以这个因缘、这个事件为基础，做了相关的法义开示后，对比丘们说：‘比丘们，阿梵提南路地区比丘稀少。我允许，比丘们，在所有边地，以一位持律者为第五的团体授予具足戒。在这里，所谓的边地是指：在东方的方向上，有一个名叫迦江伽罗的城镇，过了那里是大沙罗树，再过去就是边地，这边是中部；在东南方的方向上，有一条名叫萨拉瓦底的河，过了那条河就是边地，这边是中部；在南方的方向上，有一个名叫色达甘尼卡的城镇，过了那里就是边地，这边是中部；在西方的方向上，有一个名叫图那的婆罗门村，过了那里就是边地，这边是中部；在北方的方向上，有一座名叫乌西拉达佳的山，过了那山就是边地，这边是中部。我
Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘avantidakkhiṇāpatho, bhikkhave, appabhikkhuko. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbapaccantimesu janapadesu vinayadharapañcamena gaṇena upasampadaṃ. Tatrime paccantimā janapadā – puratthimāya disāya gajaṅgalaṃ nāma nigamo, tassa parena mahāsālā, tato parā paccantimā janapadā, orato majjhe; puratthimadakkhiṇāya disāya sallavatī nāma nadī, tato parā paccantimā janapadā, orato majjhe; dakkhiṇāya disāya setakaṇṇikaṃ nāma nigamo, tato parā paccantimā janapadā, orato majjhe; pacchimāya disāya thūṇaṃ nāma brāhmaṇagāmo, tato parā paccantimā janapadā, orato majjhe; uttarāya disāya usīraddhajo nāma pabbato, tato parā paccantimā janapadā, orato majjhe . Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, evarūpesu paccantimesu janapadesu vinayadharapañcamena gaṇena upasampadaṃ. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhikkhave, kaṇhuttarā bhūmi kharā gokaṇṭakahatā. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbapaccantimesu janapadesu guṇaṅguṇūpāhanaṃ. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhikkhave, nahānagarukā manussā udakasuddhikā. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbapaccantimesu janapadesu dhuvanahānaṃ. Avantidakkhiṇāpathe, bhikkhave, cammāni attharaṇāni, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, majjhimesu janapadesu eragū moragū majjārū jantū, evameva kho, bhikkhave, avantidakkhiṇāpathe cammāni attharaṇāni, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbapaccantimesu janapadesu cammāni attharaṇāni, eḷakacammaṃ ajacammaṃ migacammaṃ. Idha pana, bhikkhave, manussā nissīmagatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ cīvaraṃ denti – ‘imaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa demā’ti. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sādituṃ, na tāva taṃ gaṇanūpagaṃ yāva na hatthaṃ gacchatī’’ti.
81大迦旃延的五种允许的显示完
Mahākaccānassa pañcavaraparidassanā niṭṭhitā.
82皮革篇第五
Cammakkhandhako pañcamo.
83159. 其摄颂
159. Tassuddānaṃ
56频婆娑罗王和索那，伴随着八万大众；
Rājā ca māgadho soṇo, asītisahassissaro;
57具寿萨咖德在灵鹫山上，展示了种种过人神通。
Sāgato gijjhakūṭasmiṃ, bahuṃ dasseti uttariṃ.
58他们开始了出家后的精进修行，那如同一片叶子的琴；
Pabbajjāraddhabhijjiṃsu , vīṇaṃ ekapalāsikaṃ;
59青色的、黄色的、红色的，还有深红色的，以及纯黑色的。
Nīlā pītā lohitikā, mañjiṭṭhā kaṇhameva ca.
60那些名叫大染缸、大名的，以及长大的皮革，他都拒绝了。
Mahāraṅgamahānāmā, vaddhikā ca paṭikkhipi;
61还有粗陋的垫子、袋状皮革，以及用棉布、树皮、羊毛和羊皮做的。
Khallakā puṭapāli ca, tūlatittirameṇḍajā.
62花斑皮的、孔雀纹的，还有狮子皮、老虎皮和豹子皮；
Vicchikā moracitrā ca, sīhabyagghā ca dīpikā;
63羚羊皮、水獭皮、猫皮，以及黑狼皮围边的。
Ajinuddā majjārī ca, kāḷaluvakaparikkhaṭā.
64还有裂开的鞋、木屐，以及洗过的、咔嗒作响的木桩鞋。
Phalitupāhanā khilā, dhotakhāṇukhaṭakhaṭā;
65棕榈、竹和草，还有文若草、芦苇，以及某种棕榈。
Tālaveḷutiṇaṃ ceva, muñjapabbajahintālā.
66莲花、毛毯、金的、银的、宝石，还有琉璃。
Kamalakambalasovaṇṇā , rūpikā maṇiveḷuriyā;
67水晶、青铜和玻璃，还有铅、锡和铜。
Phalikā kaṃsakācā ca, tipusīsañca tambakā.
68母牛、车乘、生病的人，以及由人抬的轿子。
Gāvī yānaṃ gilāno ca, purisāyuttasivikā;
69用大块皮革做床铺，而用牛皮做成的就是低劣的。
Sayanāni mahācammā, gocammehi ca pāpako.
70在家人用皮革绑结成的东西，能进入病人的住处。
Gihīnaṃ cammavaddhehi, pavisanti gilāyano;
71大迦旃延和索那，用声音诵出了《八颂品》。
Mahākaccāyano soṇo, sarena aṭṭhakavaggikaṃ.
72具足戒通过五种方式，由那些功德坚固的僧团授予。
Upasampadaṃ pañcahi, guṇaṅguṇā dhuvasinā;
73当时许可了皮革敷具，但那还不算在僧团人数里；
Cammattharaṇānuññāsi, na tāva gaṇanūpagaṃ;
74导师为具寿首那，给了我五项特别的开许。
Adāsi me vare pañca, soṇattherassa nāyakoti.
103此篇中有六十三事
Imamhi khandhake vatthūni tesaṭṭhi.
104皮革篇完
Cammakkhandhako niṭṭhito.