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2. 桑喀地谢萨篇(比丘尼分别)

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2. 桑喀地谢萨篇(比丘尼分别)
2. Saṅghādisesakaṇḍaṃ (bhikkhunīvibhaṅgo)
11. 第一桑喀地谢萨学处
1. Paṭhamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
2诸具寿,此十七桑喀地谢萨
Ime kho panāyyāyo sattarasa saṅghādisesā
3法来诵说
Dhammā uddesaṃ āgacchanti.
678那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇园给孤独园。当时有一位优婆塞为比丘尼僧团提供了住处后去世了。他有两个儿子——一个没有信、不净信,另一个有信心、净信。他们分配父亲的遗产。于是那个无信不净信的儿子对那个有信心净信的儿子说:'那个住处是我们的,我们分掉它吧。' 听到这话,那个有信心净信的儿子对那个无信不净信的儿子说:'朋友,别这样说。父亲已经把那住处给了比丘尼僧团。' 第二次,那个无信不净信的儿子又对那个有信心净信的儿子说:'那个住处是我们的,我们分掉它吧。' 于是那个有信心净信的儿子又对那个无信不净信的儿子说:'朋友,别这样说。父亲已经把那住处给了比丘尼僧团。' 第三次,那个无信不净信的儿子又对那个有信心净信的儿子说:'那个住处是我们的,我们分掉它吧。' 于是那个有信心净信的儿子心想:'如果将来我有能力,我也会把它布施给比丘尼僧团。' 然后就对那个无信不净信的儿子说:'我们分吧。' 在分配那个住处时,它落到了那个无信不净信的儿子手中。接着,那个无信不净信的儿子就去对比丘尼们说:'圣尼们,请出去吧,那个住处是我们的了。'
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro upāsako bhikkhunisaṅghassa udositaṃ datvā kālaṅkato hoti. Tassa dve puttā honti – eko assaddho appasanno, eko saddho pasanno. Te pettikaṃ sāpateyyaṃ vibhajiṃsu. Atha kho so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘amhākaṃ udosito, taṃ bhājemā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte so saddho pasanno taṃ assaddhaṃ appasannaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘māyyo, evaṃ avaca. Amhākaṃ pitunā bhikkhunisaṅghassa dinno’’ti. Dutiyampi kho so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘amhākaṃ udosito, taṃ bhājemā’’ti. Atha kho so saddho pasanno taṃ assaddhaṃ appasannaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘māyyo, evaṃ avaca. Amhākaṃ pitunā bhikkhunisaṅghassa dinno’’ti. Tatiyampi kho so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘amhākaṃ udosito, taṃ bhājemā’’ti. Atha kho so saddho pasanno – ‘‘sace mayhaṃ bhavissati, ahampi bhikkhunisaṅghassa dassāmī’’ti – taṃ assaddhaṃ appasannaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhājemā’’ti. Atha kho so udosito tehi bhājīyamāno tassa assaddhassa appasannassa pāpuṇāti . Atha kho so assaddho appasanno bhikkhuniyo upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘‘nikkhamathāyye, amhākaṃ udosito’’ti.
2听了这话,偷罗难陀比丘尼对那个人说:'朋友,别这样说。你父亲已经把它给了比丘尼僧团。' 他们将'给了还是没给'的问题询问负责诉讼的大臣们。大臣们说:'圣尼,谁知道这是给了比丘尼僧团的呢?' 听了这话,偷罗难陀比丘尼对那些大臣们说:'诸位贤者,难道你们见过或者听说过,布施还需要找到证人才算数吗?' 于是那些大臣们说:'圣尼说的是事实。' 便将那个住处判给了比丘尼僧团。这时,那个败诉的男子就讥嫌、抱怨、指责说:'这些剃光头的束缚女,哪里是沙门尼!她们怎么能把我的住处强行夺走呢?' 偷罗难陀比丘尼把这件事告知了那些大臣们。大臣们便惩罚了那个人。
Evaṃ vutte thullanandā bhikkhunī taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘māyyo, evaṃ avaca, tumhākaṃ pitunā bhikkhunisaṅghassa dinno’’ti. ‘‘Dinno na dinno’’ti vohārike mahāmatte pucchiṃsu. Mahāmattā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘ko, ayye, jānāti bhikkhunisaṅghassa dinno’’ti? Evaṃ vutte thullanandā bhikkhunī te mahāmatte etadavoca – ‘‘api nāyyo tumhehi diṭṭhaṃ vā sutaṃ vā sakkhiṃ ṭhapayitvā dānaṃ diyyamāna’’nti ? Atha kho te mahāmattā – ‘‘saccaṃ kho ayyā āhā’’ti taṃ udositaṃ bhikkhunisaṅghassa akaṃsu. Atha kho so puriso parājito ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘assamaṇiyo imā muṇḍā bandhakiniyo. Kathañhi nāma amhākaṃ udositaṃ acchindāpessantī’’ti! Thullanandā bhikkhunī mahāmattānaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Mahāmattā taṃ purisaṃ daṇḍāpesuṃ. Atha kho so puriso daṇḍito bhikkhunūpassayassa avidūre ājīvakaseyyaṃ kārāpetvā ājīvake uyyojesi – ‘‘etā bhikkhuniyo accāvadathā’’ti.
3偷罗难陀比丘尼把这件事告知了大臣们,大臣们便逮捕了那个人。人们讥嫌、抱怨、指责说:'比丘尼们先是夺走了住处,接着让人受到惩罚,然后又让人遭到逮捕。现在她们该不会要叫人杀人了!' 比丘尼们听到了那些人讥嫌、抱怨、指责的声音。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥嫌、抱怨、指责说:'偷罗难陀圣尼怎么能以诉讼者的身份生活呢!' 于是这些比丘尼把这件事告诉了比丘们…… 比丘们将此事告知世尊。世尊问:'比丘们,听说偷罗难陀比丘尼真的以诉讼者的身份生活吗?' '确实如此,世尊。' 佛陀世尊呵责说:'比丘们,偷罗难陀比丘尼怎么能以诉讼者的身份生活呢!比丘们,这既不能让无信者生起信心,也不能让已有信心者增长……' 接着,比丘们,比丘尼们应当这样诵习这条学处:
Thullanandā bhikkhunī mahāmattānaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Mahāmattā taṃ purisaṃ bandhāpesuṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘paṭhamaṃ bhikkhuniyo udositaṃ acchindāpesuṃ, dutiyaṃ daṇḍāpesuṃ, tatiyaṃ bandhāpesuṃ. Idāni ghātāpessantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā ussayavādikā viharissatī’’ti! Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī ussayavādikā viharatīti. ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī ussayavādikā viharissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
679世尊如是说。
nti.
680在这里,所谓'比丘尼',就是指这类女性出家者。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
6所谓'诉讼代理人',就是指打官司的人。
nāma aḍḍakārikā vuccati.
7所谓'在家人',就是指任何过着在家生活的人。
nāma yo koci agāraṃ ajjhāvasati.
8所谓'子女或兄弟',就是指任何的子女和兄弟。
nāma ye keci puttabhātaro.
9盗贼,是说:内部出生、用钱财购买、被税收带来。
nāma antojāto dhanakkīto karamarānīto .
10盗贼,是说:仆从、被攻击者。
nāma bhaṭako āhatako.
11盗贼,是说:除了比丘、比丘尼、在学尼、沙马内拉、沙马内莉之外,任何具备出家者身份的人。
nāma bhikkhuñca bhikkhuniñca sikkhamānañca sāmaṇerañca sāmaṇeriñca ṭhapetvā yo koci paribbājakasamāpanno.
12心中想“我将做此事”,便寻找第二位或前去,犯恶作。向一人告知,犯恶作。向第二人告知,犯偷兰遮。完成此事时,犯僧残。
Aḍḍaṃ karissāmīti dutiyaṃ vā pariyesati gacchati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ekassa āroceti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dutiyassa āroceti, āpatti thullaccayassa. Aḍḍapariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
13连同事行一起犯,属于不随劝说。
nti saha vatthujjhācārā āpajjati asamanubhāsanāya.
14被从僧团中逐出。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
15只有僧团对此罪给予别住、从根本拉回、出罪,而非众多或一位比丘尼。因此称为“僧残”。这就是对那类罪业的名命称呼。由此也称之为“僧残”。
nti saṅghova tassā āpattiyā mānattaṃ deti mūlāya paṭikassati abbheti, na sambahulā na ekā bhikkhunī. Tena vuccati ‘‘saṅghādiseso’’ti. Tasseva āpattinikāyassa nāmakammaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tenapi vuccati ‘‘saṅghādiseso’’ti.
681无犯:被人群拉扯着而去者、请求保护者、不特指地告知者、疯狂者……最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti manussehi ākaḍḍhīyamānā gacchati, ārakkhaṃ yācati, anodissa ācikkhati, ummattikāya…pe… ādikammikāyāti.
20第一桑喀地谢萨学处完
Paṭhamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
212. 第二桑喀地谢萨学处
2. Dutiyasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
682那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇园给孤独园。就在那时,毗舍离有一位离车族男子的妻子,行为不检。于是,那位离车对那女人这样说:‘喂,你停下来吧,否则我会让你遭殃。’即便如此劝告,那女人也不听。就在那时,毗舍离的离车族大众因某件事而集会。于是,那位离车对离车们说:‘尊者们,请把那个女人交给我一个人处理。’‘她叫什么名字?’‘我的妻子行为不检,我要杀了她。’‘你自己看着办吧。’那个女人听说了:‘听说我丈夫想杀我。’她便带上贵重物品,前往舍卫城,找到了外道们,请求出家。外道们不愿让她出家。她又找到比丘尼们,请求出家。比丘尼们也不愿让她出家。她找到偷罗难陀比丘尼,拿出财物给她看,请求出家。偷罗难陀比丘尼收下财物后,让她出家了。
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena vesāliyaṃ aññatarassa licchavissa pajāpati aticārinī hoti. Atha kho so licchavi taṃ itthiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu viramāhi, anatthaṃ kho te karissāmī’’ti. Evampi sā vuccamānā nādiyi. Tena kho pana samayena vesāliyaṃ licchavigaṇo sannipatito hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho so licchavi te licchavayo etadavoca – ‘‘ekaṃ me, ayyo , itthiṃ anujānāthā’’ti. ‘‘Kā nāma sā’’ti? ‘‘Mayhaṃ pajāpati aticarati, taṃ ghātessāmī’’ti. ‘‘Jānāhī’’ti. Assosi kho sā itthī – ‘‘sāmiko kira maṃ ghātetukāmo’’ti. Varabhaṇḍaṃ ādāya sāvatthiṃ gantvā titthiye upasaṅkamitvā pabbajjaṃ yāci. Titthiyā na icchiṃsu pabbājetuṃ. Bhikkhuniyo upasaṅkamitvā pabbajjaṃ yāci. Bhikkhuniyopi na icchiṃsu pabbājetuṃ. Thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhaṇḍakaṃ dassetvā pabbajjaṃ yāci. Thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaṇḍakaṃ gahetvā pabbājesi.
18后来,那位离车为了寻找那个女人来到舍卫城。看到她在比丘尼中出家后,他便前往憍萨罗国的波斯匿王那里。到了之后,对憍萨罗国的波斯匿王说:‘大王,我的妻子带着贵重物品来到了舍卫城,请大王把她交给我。’‘那么,伙计,你找到她后告诉我。’‘大王,看到了,她已经在比丘尼中出家了。’‘伙计,如果她已经在比丘尼中出家了,那就不能对她做什么了。世尊所善说的法是,让她清净地修习梵行,以彻底断除痛苦吧。’于是,那位离车讥嫌、责备、非难道:‘比丘尼们怎么能让一个女贼出家呢!’那些少欲的……比丘尼们听到了那位离车的讥嫌、责备、非难,也讥嫌、责备、非难道:‘偷罗难陀尊者怎么能让一个女贼出家呢!’于是,那些比丘尼们将此事告知了比丘们……‘诸比丘,听说偷罗难陀比丘尼确实让一个女贼出家了,这是真的吗?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责了……‘诸比丘,偷罗难陀比丘尼怎么能让一个女贼出家呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——’
Atha kho so licchavi taṃ itthiṃ gavesanto sāvatthiṃ gantvā bhikkhunīsu pabbajitaṃ disvāna yena rājā pasenadi kosalo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pajāpati me, deva, varabhaṇḍaṃ ādāya sāvatthiṃ anuppattā. Taṃ devo anujānātū’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhaṇe, vicinitvā ācikkhā’’ti. ‘‘Diṭṭhā, deva, bhikkhunīsu pabbajitā’’ti. ‘‘Sace, bhaṇe, bhikkhunīsu pabbajitā, na sā labbhā kiñci kātuṃ. Svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo, caratu brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā’’ti. Atha kho so licchavi ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo coriṃ pabbājessantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tassa licchavissa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā coriṃ pabbājessatī’’ti! Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī coriṃ pabbājetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī coriṃ pabbājessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
683……
nti.
684‘比丘尼’者,是指所有……此处所指的比丘尼,即符合此义。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
21‘已知’者,或她自己知道,或别人告诉她,或她自己告诉别人。
nāma sāmaṃ vā jānāti aññe vā tassā ārocenti, sā vā āroceti.
22‘贼女’者,是指任何拿走价值五摩沙迦或超过五摩沙迦的非给予之物,以盗意取走的人,这就是贼女。
nāma yā pañcamāsakaṃ vā atirekapañcamāsakaṃ vā agghanakaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyati, esā corī nāma.
23‘应处死刑者’者,是指做了那事之后,已属于应被处死的状态。
nāma yaṃ katvā vajjhappattā hoti.
24‘被通缉者’者,是指被其他人所知悉:‘这是个应处死刑的人。’
nāma aññehi manussehi ñātā hoti ‘‘vajjhā esā’’ti.
25——“没有告知”。
ti anāpucchā.
26所谓“应告知国王”,是指国王实施管辖的地方,应请求国王允许。
nāma yattha rājā anusāsati, rājā apaloketabbo.
27所谓“应告知比丘尼僧团”,是指比丘尼僧团的集会,应请求比丘尼僧团允许。
nāma bhikkhunisaṅgho vuccati, bhikkhunisaṅgho apaloketabbo.
28所谓“应告知团体”,是指团体实施管辖的地方,应请求该团体允许。
nāma yattha gaṇo anusāsati, gaṇo apaloketabbo.
29所谓“应告知民众集会体”,是指民众集会体实施管辖的地方,应请求该民众集会体允许。
nāma yattha pūgo anusāsati, pūgo apaloketabbo.
30所谓“应告知行会”,是指行会实施管辖的地方,应请求该行会允许。
nāma yattha seṇi anusāsati, seṇi apaloketabbo.
31不包括经由合法途径者。所谓“两种途径”是指:她在外道中出家,或在其它比丘尼中出家。除了经由这合法途径之外,若心想“我将令其受具足戒”而寻找众、或寻找亲教师、或寻找钵、或寻找衣、或指定界场,犯恶作。动议时犯恶作。两次甘马语时犯偷兰遮。甘马语结束时,授戒师犯僧残。众与亲教师犯恶作。
ti ṭhapetvā kappaṃ. nāma dve kappāni – titthiyesu vā pabbajitā hoti aññāsu vā bhikkhunīsu pabbajitā. Aññatra kappā ‘‘vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
32以之前所述的为依据而说。
ti purimaṃ upādāya vuccati.
33既犯下实质过失,又无法通过劝诫来纠正。
nti saha vatthujjhācārā āpajjati asamanubhāsanāya.
34就要被逐出僧团。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
35……也正是因此,才被称为“僧残”。
nti…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
685若明知是盗贼,却未依规定而令其出家,犯僧残罪。若对是否为盗贼存疑,却未依规定而令其出家,犯恶作罪。若不知是盗贼,未依规定而令其出家,无犯。若对方不是盗贼,却以为她是盗贼,犯恶作罪。若对对方不是盗贼这一点存疑,犯恶作罪。若明知对方不是盗贼,无犯。
Coriyā corisaññā aññatra kappā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Coriyā vematikā aññatra kappā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Coriyā acorisaññā aññatra kappā vuṭṭhāpeti, anāpatti. Acoriyā corisaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Acoriyā vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Acoriyā acorisaññā, anāpatti.
686无犯的情况是:不知道对方身份而令其出家;已向僧团陈白并获得许可而令其出家;为那位按规定已作过相应羯磨处理的人出家;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti ajānantī vuṭṭhāpeti, apaloketvā vuṭṭhāpeti, kappakataṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
43第二桑喀地谢萨学处完
Dutiyasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
443. 第三桑喀地谢萨学处
3. Tatiyasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
687那时,世尊乔达摩正住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那时,尊者跋陀·迦毗罗的一位随从弟子比丘尼,与其他比丘尼发生争吵后,便前往一个俗家亲族所在的村落。尊者跋陀·迦毗罗没见到那位比丘尼,就问其他比丘尼:“那位某某去哪儿了?怎么不见人?”她们回答:“圣尊,她和其他比丘尼吵了一架,就不见人影了。”跋陀·迦毗罗说:“我说,她在某某村有个俗家亲族。你们去那儿找找看。”比丘尼们到了那里,见到那位比丘尼,便对她说:“圣尊,你怎么一个人跑来了?没被侵犯吧?”“我没被侵犯,姐妹们。”那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……纷纷指责、批评、抱怨道:“身为比丘尼,怎么可以一个人独自从这个村落去那个村落呢?”……“诸位比丘,听说有比丘尼真的独自从这个村落去那个村落了,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸位比丘,身为比丘尼,怎么可以独自从这个村落去另一个村落!诸位比丘,这既不能让未生信者生信……”接着,世尊便这样为比丘尼们制定了这条学处:
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhaddāya kāpilāniyā antevāsinī bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi saddhiṃ bhaṇḍitvā gāmakaṃ ñātikulaṃ agamāsi. Bhaddā kāpilānī taṃ bhikkhuniṃ apassantī bhikkhuniyo pucchi – ‘‘kahaṃ itthannāmā, na dissatī’’ti! ‘‘Bhikkhunīhi saddhiṃ, ayye, bhaṇḍitvā na dissatī’’ti. ‘‘Ammā, amukasmiṃ gāmake etissā ñātikulaṃ. Tattha gantvā vicinathā’’ti. Bhikkhuniyo tattha gantvā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ passitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayye , ekikā āgatā, kaccisi appadhaṃsitā’’ti? ‘‘Appadhaṃsitāmhi, ayye’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī ekā gāmantaraṃ gacchissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ekā gāmantaraṃ gacchatīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave , bhikkhunī ekā gāmantaraṃ gacchissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
39就是因此而犯戒。
nti.
40当时,世尊已为比丘尼们制定了这条学处:
Evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.
688那时,有两位比丘尼正从萨给德城前往舍卫城,在途中有一条河需要渡过。于是她们走近船夫,说道:“贤友,请方便渡我们过去。”船夫说:“圣尼,没办法同时渡两位。”他就一个一个地渡。渡过去的那一个,他就侵犯了那个已渡的;尚未渡的,他就侵犯了那个未渡的。她们俩后来会合在一起,互相问道:“圣尼,你没有被侵犯吧?”“我被侵犯了,圣尼!你呢,圣尼,没有被侵犯吧?”“我也被侵犯了,圣尼。”那两位比丘尼到了舍卫城后,把这件事禀告了比丘尼们。那些少欲的比丘尼……她们讥嫌、批评、呵责:“比丘尼怎么能一个女人单独去河对岸呢!”然后,那些比丘尼把这件事告诉了比丘们。比丘们把这件事禀告了世尊。世尊说:“诸比丘,听说确实有个比丘尼单独去了河对岸,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……然后说:“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么能一个女人单独去河对岸呢!诸比丘,这不能让没信心的人生起信心……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵出这条学处——
Tena kho pana samayena dve bhikkhuniyo sāketā sāvatthiṃ addhānamaggappaṭipannā honti. Antarāmagge nadī taritabbā hoti. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo nāvike upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘‘sādhu no, āvuso, tārethā’’ti. ‘‘Nāyye, sakkā ubho sakiṃ tāretu’’nti. Eko ekaṃ uttāresi. Uttiṇṇo uttiṇṇaṃ dūsesi. Anuttiṇṇo anuttiṇṇaṃ dūsesi. Tā pacchā samāgantvā pucchiṃsu – ‘‘kaccisi, ayye, appadhaṃsitā’’ti? ‘‘Padhaṃsitāmhi, ayye! Tvaṃ pana, ayye, appadhaṃsitā’’ti? ‘‘Padhaṃsitāmhi, ayye’’ti. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo sāvatthiṃ gantvā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī ekā nadīpāraṃ gacchissatī’’ti! Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ekā nadīpāraṃ gacchatī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ekā nadīpāraṃ gacchissati! Netaṃ , bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
42
nti.
43当时,世尊为比丘尼们制定了这条学处。
Evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.
689那时,众多比丘尼在憍萨罗国境内朝舍卫城行脚,傍晚时分来到了一个村庄。其中有一位比丘尼相貌端正、令人悦目、仪态安详。有一个男子一见到那位比丘尼,心里就生起了染着。于是那个男子在为比丘尼们铺床座时,特意把那位比丘尼的床铺在了一边。那位比丘尼察觉到了,心想:“这个男子心里有烦恼;如果夜里他过来,我肯定会出事。”于是她没有告诉其他比丘尼,就自己到另一户人家去安顿了住处。到了夜晚,那个男子来了,寻找那位比丘尼,冲撞了比丘尼们。比丘尼们没看见那位比丘尼,就这样说:“那位比丘尼肯定是跟男人一起出去了。”
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhuniyo kosalesu janapade sāvatthiṃ gacchantā sāyaṃ aññataraṃ gāmaṃ upagacchiṃsu. Tattha aññatarā bhikkhunī abhirūpā hoti dassanīyā pāsādikā. Aññataro puriso tassā bhikkhuniyā saha dassanena paṭibaddhacitto hoti. Atha kho so puriso tāsaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ seyyaṃ paññapento tassā bhikkhuniyā seyyaṃ ekamantaṃ paññāpesi. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī sallakkhetvā – ‘‘pariyuṭṭhito ayaṃ puriso; sace rattiṃ āgacchissati, vissaro me bhavissatī’’ti, bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā aññataraṃ kulaṃ gantvā seyyaṃ kappesi. Atha kho so puriso rattiṃ āgantvā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ gavesanto bhikkhuniyo ghaṭṭesi. Bhikkhuniyo taṃ bhikkhuniṃ apassantiyo evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘nissaṃsayaṃ kho sā bhikkhunī purisena saddhiṃ nikkhantā’’ti.
45那一夜过后,那位比丘尼回到那些比丘尼那里。比丘尼们对她说:“圣尼,你为什么跟男人一起出去?”“我没有跟男人一起出去,圣尼。”她把事情经过告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的比丘尼……她们讥嫌、批评、呵责:“比丘尼怎么能一个女人单独在外面过夜呢!”……世尊说:“诸比丘,听说确实有个比丘尼一个人在外面过了夜,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……然后说:“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么能一个女人单独在外面过夜呢!诸比丘,这不能让没信心的人生起信心……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵出这条学处——
Atha kho sā bhikkhunī tassā rattiyā accayena yena tā bhikkhuniyo tenupasaṅkami. Bhikkhuniyo taṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayye, purisena saddhiṃ nikkhantā’’ti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ, ayye, purisena saddhiṃ nikkhantā’’ti. Bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī ekā rattiṃ vippavasissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ekā rattiṃ vippavasīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ekā rattiṃ vippavasissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
46
nti.
47当时,世尊为比丘尼们制定了这条学处。
Evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.
690那时,众多比丘尼在憍萨罗国境内正要前往舍卫城。其中一位比丘尼因为闹肚子,独自一人落在后面,随后才赶上来。有些男人看见这位比丘尼,就侵犯了她。然后那位比丘尼来到那些比丘尼那里。比丘尼们对那位比丘尼这样说:“圣尼,你为什么一个人掉队了?你没有被侵犯吧?”“我被侵犯了,圣尼。”那些少欲的比丘尼……她们讥嫌、批评、呵责:“比丘尼怎么能一个人掉队离开僧群呢!”……世尊说:“诸比丘,听说确实有个比丘尼一个人掉队离开了僧群,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……然后说:“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么能一个人掉队离开僧群呢!诸比丘,这不能让没信心的人生起信心……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵出这条学处——
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhuniyo kosalesu janapade sāvatthiṃ addhānamaggappaṭipannā honti. Tattha aññatarā bhikkhunī vaccena pīḷitā ekikā ohīyitvā pacchā agamāsi. Manussā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ passitvā dūsesuṃ. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī yena tā bhikkhuniyo tenupasaṅkami. Bhikkhuniyo taṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayye, ekikā ohīnā, kaccisi appadhaṃsitā’’ti? ‘‘Padhaṃsitāmhi, ayye’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī ekā gaṇamhā ohīyissatīti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ekā gaṇamhā ohīyatīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti . Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ekā gaṇamhā ohīyissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
691结束。
nti.
692所谓“比丘尼”,是这样的……(省略)……这里所说的比丘尼,是指这件事中的这一类人。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
51对有围墙的村落而言,比丘尼第一只脚跨过围墙时,犯偷兰遮;第二只脚跨过时,犯桑喀地谢萨(僧残)。
ti parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepaṃ paṭhamaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti thullaccayassa, dutiyaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
52对没有围墙的村落而言,比丘尼第一只脚踏入村落的界域时,犯偷兰遮;第二只脚踏入时,犯桑喀地谢萨(僧残)。
Aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ paṭhamaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti thullaccayassa. Dutiyaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
53所谓“河流”,是指无论在哪里,当比丘尼渡河时,只要水淹没三圈(或三股)的范围令她的内衣湿透,在渡河的第一足时犯偷兰遮,在第二足时犯桑喀地谢萨(僧残)。
ti nadī nāma timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādetvā yattha katthaci uttarantiyā bhikkhuniyā antaravāsako temiyati. Paṭhamaṃ pādaṃ uttarantiyā āpatti thullaccayassa. Dutiyaṃ pādaṃ uttarantiyā āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
54所谓“与(另一比丘尼)一起”,意指在破晓时分,比丘尼离开同伴比丘尼一臂之距时,犯偷兰遮;一旦离开(超过此距),即犯桑喀地谢萨(僧残)。
ti saha aruṇuggamanā dutiyikāya bhikkhuniyā hatthapāsaṃ vijahantiyā āpatti thullaccayassa. Vijahite āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
55在无村的旷野,比丘尼离开同伴比丘尼的视线范围或听力范围时,犯偷兰遮;一旦离开(超出此范围),即犯桑喀地谢萨(僧残)。
ti agāmake araññe dutiyikāya bhikkhuniyā dassanūpacāraṃ vā savanūpacāraṃ vā vijahantiyā āpatti thullaccayassa. Vijahite āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
56这是接续前述(的几条学处)而说的。
ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
57依事与行而犯此罪,她不得被劝告。
nti saha vatthujjhācārā āpajjati asamanubhāsanāya.
58他被驱出僧团。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
59……因此也被称为僧残。
ti…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
693无犯:若该比丘尼已离去、或已还俗、或已死亡、或已转投其他部派;若遭遇危难时;若她精神失常;若是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti dutiyikā bhikkhunī pakkantā vā hoti vibbhantā vā kālaṅkatā vā pakkhasaṅkantā vā, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
68第三桑喀地谢萨学处完
Tatiyasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
694. 第四桑喀地谢萨学处
4. Catutthasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
694那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位名叫羼陀迦梨的比丘尼,好争斗、好争吵、好纷争、好多话,在僧团里制造纠纷。当僧团针对她举行羯磨时,偷罗难陀比丘尼出声反对。后来,偷罗难陀比丘尼因有事要去某个村子。比丘尼僧团心想:“偷罗难陀比丘尼离开了”,便以不见罪为由将羼陀迦梨比丘尼举罪。偷罗难陀比丘尼在村里办完事后,又回到了舍卫城。羼陀迦梨比丘尼见偷罗难陀比丘尼回来,既不为她铺设座位,也不为她准备洗脚水、脚凳和擦脚石,没有起身迎接接过她的钵和袈裟,也没有问她要不要喝水。偷罗难陀比丘尼对羼陀迦梨比丘尼这样说:“大姊,为什么我回来时,你既不给我铺座,不备洗脚水、脚凳和擦脚石,不起身接过我的钵和袈裟,也不问我喝不喝水?”“大姊,事情就是这样,因为我是无依无靠的人。”“大姊,你为什么说自己是无依无靠的人?”“大姊,那些比丘尼说我:‘这人无依无靠、默默无闻,没人会为她出头’,就以不见罪为由把我举罪了。
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī bhaṇḍanakārikā hoti kalahakārikā vivādakārikā bhassakārikā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārikā. Thullanandā bhikkhunī tassā kamme karīyamāne paṭikkosati. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī gāmakaṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho bhikkhunisaṅgho – ‘‘thullanandā bhikkhunī pakkantā’’ti , caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ āpattiyā adassane ukkhipi. Thullanandā bhikkhunī gāmake taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā punadeva sāvatthiṃ paccāgacchi. Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā āgacchantiyā neva āsanaṃ paññapesi na pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakaṭhalikaṃ upanikkhipi na paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahesi na pānīyena āpucchi. Thullanandā bhikkhunī caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayye, mayi āgacchantiyā neva āsanaṃ paññapesi na pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakaṭhalikaṃ upanikkhipi na paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahesi na pānīyena āpucchī’’ti? ‘‘Evañhetaṃ, ayye, hoti yathā taṃ anāthāyā’’ti. ‘‘Kissa pana tvaṃ, ayye, anāthā’’ti? ‘‘Imā maṃ, ayye, bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘ayaṃ anāthā appaññātā, natthi imissā kāci paṭivattā’’ti, āpattiyā adassane ukkhipiṃsū’’ti.
62偷罗难陀比丘尼说:'那些人是愚痴的、不成熟的,她们既不知什么是羯磨,也不知羯磨的过失、羯磨的失败、羯磨的成就。我们则知道什么是羯磨,也知道羯磨的过失、羯磨的失败、羯磨的成就。我们可以做未做的羯磨,也可以撤销已做的羯磨。'于是她匆匆忙忙召集了比丘尼僧团,让羼陀迦梨比丘尼归队。那些少欲的比丘尼……她们讥嫌、批评、指责说:'偷罗难陀大姊怎么能在没有告知执行羯磨的僧团、没有弄清团体的意愿的情况下,就让那个被和合僧团依法依律、依导师的教法所举罪的比丘尼归队呢?'……'比丘们,传闻偷罗难陀比丘尼在没有告知执行羯磨的僧团、没有弄清团体意愿的情况下,就让那个被和合僧团依法依律、依导师的教法所举罪的比丘尼归队了,这是真的吗?''是真的,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责道:……'比丘们,偷罗难陀比丘尼怎么能在没有告知执行羯磨的僧团、没有弄清团体意愿的情况下,就让那个被和合僧团依法依律、依导师的教法所举罪的比丘尼归队呢!比丘们,这不能让未生信者生信……'比丘们,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——
Thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘bālā etā abyattā etā, neva jānanti kammaṃ vā kammadosaṃ vā kammavipattiṃ vā kammasampattiṃ vā. Mayaṃ kho jānāma kammampi kammadosampi kammavipattimpi kammasampattimpi. Mayaṃ kho akataṃ vā kammaṃ kāreyyāma kataṃ vā kammaṃ kopeyyāmā’’ti, lahuṃ lahuṃ bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ sannipātetvā caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ osāresi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā samaggena saṅghena ukkhittaṃ bhikkhuniṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anapaloketvā kārakasaṅghaṃ anaññāya gaṇassa chandaṃ osāressatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī samaggena saṅghena ukkhittaṃ bhikkhuniṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anapaloketvā kārakasaṅghaṃ anaññāya gaṇassa chandaṃ osāretīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ , bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī samaggena saṅghena ukkhittaṃ bhikkhuniṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anapaloketvā kārakasaṅghaṃ anaññāya gaṇassa chandaṃ osāressati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
695如是。
nti.
696凡是这种……因此也被称为比丘尼,即在此意义上所指的比丘尼。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
65名为共住者,即处在同一界内的人。
nāma samānasaṃvāsako samānasīmāyaṃ ṭhito.
66名为因不见罪、或不忏悔、或不舍弃而被举者。
nāma āpattiyā adassane vā appaṭikamme vā appaṭinissagge vā ukkhittā.
67所谓“依那种法、依那种律”。
ti yena dhammena yena vinayena.
68所谓“以胜者的教法、以佛陀的教法”。
ti jinasāsanena buddhasāsanena.
69所谓“未告知执行甘马的僧团”。
nti kammakārakasaṅghaṃ anāpucchā.
70所谓“不知别众的意欲”。
nti gaṇassa chandaṃ ajānitvā.
71若心想“我将令其出罪”而寻找别众,或约定界场,犯恶作。作白时犯恶作;两次甘马语时犯偷兰遮;甘马语结束时犯僧残罪。
‘‘Osāressāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā, kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
72所谓“依据前述的那部分而说”。
ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
73如此,连同事由的犯行,于不被劝解时犯。
nti saha vatthujjhācārā āpajjati asamanubhāsanāya.
74如此,从僧团中被逐出。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
75……因此,它也被称为僧残。
ti…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
697于如法羯磨中,当作如法羯磨想而令随入者,犯僧残。于如法羯磨中,有疑而令随入者,犯僧残。于如法羯磨中,当作非法羯磨想而令随入者,犯僧残。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā osāreti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Dhammakamme vematikā osāreti āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā osāreti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
77于非法羯磨中,当作如法羯磨想者,犯恶作。于非法羯磨中,有疑者,犯恶作。于非法羯磨中,当作非法羯磨想者,犯恶作。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
698无犯:向行羯磨之僧团请求后令随入者;知别众之同意后令随入者;令遵行义务行事者随入者;在没有行羯磨僧团的情况下令随入者;疯狂者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti kammakārakasaṅghaṃ apaloketvā osāreti, gaṇassa chandaṃ jānitvā osāreti, vatte vattantiṃ osāreti, asante kammakārakasaṅghe osāreti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
88第四桑喀地谢萨学处完
Catutthasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
895. 第五桑喀地谢萨学处
5. Pañcamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
699那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇陀林给孤独园。那时,孙陀利难陀比丘尼容貌美丽、值得观看、令人悦目。人们于施食处见到孙陀利难陀比丘尼后,染着心的男子将上等的食物亲手给予染着心的孙陀利难陀比丘尼。孙陀利难陀比丘尼尽情食用;其他比丘尼得不到像样的吃食。那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们讥嫌、责备、非难说:‘孙陀利难陀尊者怎么可以染着心地亲手接受染着心男子手中的嚼食或啖食而食用呢!’……‘诸比丘,孙陀利难陀比丘尼确实染着心地亲手接受染着心男子手中的嚼食或啖食而食用吗?’‘是的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责……‘诸比丘,孙陀利难陀比丘尼怎么可以染着心地亲手接受染着心男子手中的嚼食或啖食而食用呢!诸位比丘,这不能令未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这一学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sundarīnandā bhikkhunī abhirūpā hoti dassanīyā pāsādikā. Manussā bhattagge sundarīnandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ passitvā avassutā avassutāya sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā aggamaggāni bhojanāni denti. Sundarīnandā bhikkhunī yāvadatthaṃ bhuñjati; aññā bhikkhuniyo na cittarūpaṃ labhanti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā sundarīnandā avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādissati bhuñjissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādati bhuñjatīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khādissati bhuñjissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
700如此。
nti.
701所谓比丘尼,就是(……这样……这样……)在这个意义上所指的比丘尼。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
82所谓怀有情欲,是指心中充满情欲、渴求、系缚。
nāma sārattā apekkhavatī paṭibaddhacittā.
83所谓怀有情欲,是指心中充满情欲、渴望、恋慕。
nāma sāratto apekkhavā paṭibaddhacitto.
84所谓男人,是指人间的男子,而非夜叉、非饿鬼、非畜生,是有辨识能力、能够产生情欲的。
nāma manussapuriso, na yakkho na peto na tiracchānagato, viññū paṭibalo sārajjituṃ.
85所谓嚼食,是指五种主食之外,除去水和牙木,其余的可嚼食物。
nāma pañca bhojanāni – udakadantaponaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ khādanīyaṃ nāma.
86所谓五噉食,是指五种主食:饭、粥、炒粉、鱼、肉。
nāma pañca bhojanāni – odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṃsaṃ.
87以“我将嚼食,我将噉食”的心念接受下来,犯偷兰遮;每吞咽一口,犯一个桑喀地谢萨(僧残)。
‘‘Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti thullaccayassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
88这是相对于前面的那些而言的。
ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
89因此,因为不遵从劝告而犯此罪。
nti saha vatthujjhācārā āpajjati asamanubhāsanāya.
90因此被僧团驱逐。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
91……因此,这也被称为僧残。
ti…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
92接受净牙用的水枝,犯恶作。从单方面心生执著者手中,心想'我要吃,我要用'而接受,犯恶作。
Udakadantaponaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ekatoavassute ‘‘khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
702每当吞咽时,犯偷兰遮。接受净牙用的水枝,犯恶作。从双方都心生执著者、或者夜叉、或者饿鬼、或者黄门、或者畜生道中具有人形的生物手中,心想'我要吃,我要用'而接受,犯恶作。每当吞咽时,犯偷兰遮。接受净牙用的水枝,犯恶作。从单方面心生执著者手中,心想'我要吃,我要用'而接受,犯恶作。每当吞咽时,犯恶作。接受净牙用的水枝,犯恶作。
Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti thullaccayassa. Udakadantaponaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ubhatoavassute yakkhassa vā petassa vā paṇḍakassa vā tiracchānagatamanussaviggahassa vā hatthato ‘‘khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti thullaccayassa. Udakadantaponaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ekatoavassute ‘‘khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa. Udakadantaponaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
703无犯:当双方都不心生执著时,明知'不执著'而接受;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti ubhatoanavassutā honti, ‘‘anavassuto’’ti jānantī paṭiggaṇhāti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
106第五桑喀地谢萨学处完
Pañcamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
1076. 第六桑喀地谢萨学处
6. Chaṭṭhasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
704那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇园给孤独园。那时,孙达丽难陀比丘尼容貌美丽,长相好看,令人赏心悦目。人们在施食堂看到孙达丽难陀比丘尼后,心生执著,将最上等的食物供养给孙达丽难陀比丘尼。孙达丽难陀比丘尼感到厌恶,不接受。一位与她亲近的比丘尼对孙达丽难陀比丘尼说:'圣尼,您为什么不接受呢?''圣尼,那些人执著了。''圣尼,那您自己执著了吗?''圣尼,我没有执著。''圣尼,那个男人是执著还是不执著,对您又有什么关系呢,既然您不执著?来吧,圣尼,那个男人给您的硬食或软食,您亲手接过来,吃吧,用吧。'
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sundarīnandā bhikkhunī abhirūpā hoti dassanīyā pāsādikā. Manussā bhattagge sundarīnandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ passitvā avassutā sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā aggamaggāni bhojanāni denti. Sundarīnandā bhikkhunī kukkuccāyantī na paṭiggaṇhāti. Anantarikā bhikkhunī sundarīnandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayye, na paṭiggaṇhāsī’’ti? ‘‘Avassutā, ayye’’ti. ‘‘Tvaṃ pana, ayye, avassutā’’ti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ, ayye, avassutā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ te, ayye, eso purisapuggalo karissati avassuto vā anavassuto vā, yato tvaṃ anavassutā. Iṅghaṃ, ayye, yaṃ te eso purisapuggalo deti khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā taṃ tvaṃ sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khāda vā, bhuñja vā’’ti.
96那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……她们讥嫌、批评、指责道:'怎么会有比丘尼说出这样的话——圣尼,那个男人是执著还是不执著,对您又有什么关系呢,既然您不执著?来吧,圣尼,那个男人给您的硬食或软食,您亲手接过来,吃吧,用吧。'……'比丘们,听说确实有比丘尼这样说——圣尼,那个男人是执著还是不执著,对您又有什么关系呢,既然您不执著?来吧,圣尼,那个男人给您的硬食或软食,您亲手接过来,吃吧,用吧?''确实如此,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责道……'比丘们,怎么会有比丘尼说出这样的话——圣尼,那个男人是执著还是不执著,对您又有什么关系呢,既然您不执著?来吧,圣尼,那个男人给您的硬食或软食,您亲手接过来,吃吧,用吧。比丘们,这不能使未生信者生起信心……那么,比丘们,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——'
Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī evaṃ vakkhati – ‘kiṃ te, ayye, eso purisapuggalo karissati avassuto vā anavassuto vā, yato tvaṃ anavassutā. Iṅgha, ayye, yaṃ te eso purisapuggalo deti khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā taṃ tvaṃ sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khāda vā bhuñja vā’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī evaṃ vadeti – ‘‘kiṃ te, ayye, eso purisapuggalo karissati avassuto vā anavassuto vā yato tvaṃ anavassutā! Iṅgha, ayye, yaṃ te eso purisapuggalo deti khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā taṃ tvaṃ sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khāda vā bhuñja vā’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī evaṃ vakkhati – ‘‘kiṃ te, ayye, eso purisapuggalo karissati avassuto vā anavassuto vā yato tvaṃ anavassutā; iṅgha, ayye, yaṃ te eso purisapuggalo deti khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā taṃ tvaṃ sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khāda vā bhuñja vā’’. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
705这就是所说的。
nti.
706凡是具有如此这般性质……乃至……这就是在此处所指的比丘尼。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
99所谓:“圣尼,这位男子是染著还是不染著,与您何干?您又不染。来吧,圣尼,这位男子给的硬食或软食,您亲手接过来嚼食吧,享用吧!”——这样指使,犯恶作。依照她的话,“我将嚼食、我将享用”而接受,犯恶作。每吞一口,犯偷兰遮。食毕之时,犯僧残。
ti – ‘‘kiṃ te, ayye, eso purisapuggalo karissati avassuto vā anavassuto vā, yato tvaṃ anavassutā. Iṅgha, ayye, yaṃ te eso purisapuggalo deti khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā taṃ tvaṃ sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khāda vā bhuñja vā’’ti uyyojeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tassā vacanena ‘‘khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti thullaccayassa. Bhojanapariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
100这是依据前面的诸戒而说的。
ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
101这是与事根本违犯同时,由于不予劝谏而犯。
nti saha vatthujjhācārā āpajjati asamanubhāsanāya.
102这是指被从僧团中驱逐。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
103……乃至……因此也称为“僧残”。
ti…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
104对于水与齿木,若说:“去取来吧!”而指使,犯恶作。如果她听从那话,“我将取来享用”而接受,犯恶作。
Udakadantaponaṃ ‘‘paṭiggaṇhā’’ti uyyojeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tassā vacanena khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
707若有人从单方面被染污的夜叉、饿鬼、般荼迦、畜生变为人形者的手中,将嚼食或啖食递过去说‘吃吧’或‘食吧’,犯恶作。对方依其言说‘我将吃、我将食’而接受,犯恶作。每吞咽一口犯恶作。食毕犯偷兰遮。若递水与齿木而对方接受,犯恶作。对方依其言说‘我将吃、我将食’而接受,犯恶作。
Ekatoavassute yakkhassa vā petassa vā paṇḍakassa vā tiracchānagatamanussaviggahassa vā hatthato khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā ‘‘khāda vā bhuñja vā’’ti uyyojeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tassā vacanena ‘‘khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bhojanapariyosāne āpatti thullaccayassa. Udakadantaponaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti uyyojeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tassā vacanena ‘‘khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
708无犯:知道‘此人未被染污’而递与;认为‘他生气了,不会接受’而递与;出于对家庭的悲悯而不接受地递与;疯狂者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti ‘‘anavassuto’’ti jānantī uyyojeti, ‘‘kupitā na paṭiggaṇhātī’’ti uyyojeti, ‘‘kulānuddayatāya na paṭiggaṇhātī’’ti uyyojeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
120第六桑喀地谢萨学处完
Chaṭṭhasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
1217. 第七桑喀地谢萨学处
7. Sattamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
709那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇园给孤独园。当时,旃陀迦利比丘尼与比丘尼们争吵后,生气不悦地这样说:‘我舍弃佛,舍弃法,舍弃僧,舍弃学。这些沙门尼算什么?全都是释迦女!有其他知耻、谨慎、乐学的沙门尼,我将去她们那里修梵行。’那些少欲的比丘尼们……谴责、批评、呵责:‘圣者旃陀迦利比丘尼怎么可以生气不悦地说:我舍弃佛……舍弃学。这些沙门尼算什么?全都是释迦女!有其他知耻、谨慎、乐学的沙门尼,我将去她们那里修梵行呢?’……‘诸比丘,旃陀迦利比丘尼确实生气不悦地这样说:我舍弃佛……舍弃学。这些沙门尼算什么?全都是释迦女!有其他知耻、谨慎、乐学的沙门尼,我将去她们那里修梵行吗?’‘确实这样,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责……‘诸比丘,旃陀迦利比丘尼怎么可以生气不悦地这样说:我舍弃佛……舍弃学。这些沙门尼算什么?全都是释迦女!有其他知耻、谨慎、乐学的沙门尼,我将去她们那里修梵行呢?诸比丘,这不能令未信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当如此诵此学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi saddhiṃ bhaṇḍitvā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vadeti – ‘‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṃ paccācikkhāmi, saṅghaṃ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vakkhati – buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi…pe… sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vadeti – ‘‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi…pe… sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’’ti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vakkhati – ‘‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi…pe… sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’’ti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
710‘ti’(结尾引号)。
nti.
711‘ti’指不论何种……此处所指的比丘尼。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
110‘生气不悦’指不高兴、心怀怨恨、内心僵硬。
ti anabhiraddhā āhatacittā khilajātā.
111即:‘我舍弃佛……舍弃学。这些沙门尼算什么?全都是释迦女!有其他知耻、谨慎、乐学的沙门尼,我将去她们那里修梵行。’
ti – ‘‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi…pe… sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro! Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’’ti.
112‘她’指那位如此说的比丘尼。‘其他比丘尼’指除她以外的比丘尼们。
ti yā sā evaṃvādinī bhikkhunī. ti aññāhi bhikkhunīhi.
113那些见到、听到的比丘尼应当这样对她说:“大姊,不要这样心怀嗔怒、不满意地说:‘我舍弃佛……我舍弃学处。那些沙门尼、释迦女算什么沙门尼!还有别的沙门尼,她们有惭、有耻、精进于学处,我到她们那里去修梵行。’大姊,你应当欢喜,法是善说的;你要好好地修梵行,以便彻底地结束苦。”应当说第二次,也应当说第三次。如果她放下了,这样是好的;如果她不放下,犯恶作。听了却不说话,犯恶作。那位比丘尼还应被拉到僧团当中来说:“大姊,不要这样心怀嗔怒、不满意地说:‘我舍弃佛……我舍弃学处。那些沙门尼、释迦女算什么沙门尼!还有别的沙门尼,她们有惭、有耻、精进于学处,我到她们那里去修梵行。’大姊,你应该欢喜,法是善说的;你要好好地修梵行,以便彻底地结束苦。”应当说第二次,也应当说第三次。如果她放下了,这样是好的;如果她不放下,犯恶作。这位比丘尼应当被劝谏。比丘们,应当这样劝谏她。应当由一位能干、有能力的比丘尼来告知僧团:
Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, kupitā anattamanā evaṃ avaca – ‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi…pe… sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro! Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’ti. Abhiramāyye, svākkhāto dhammo; cara brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati iccetaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce paṭinissajjati āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, kupitā anattamanā evaṃ avaca – ‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi…pe… sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi . Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro! Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’ti. Abhiramāyye, svākkhāto dhammo; cara brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati iccetaṃ kusalaṃ, no ce paṭinissajjati āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
712“诸位大姊,请僧团听我说。这位某某比丘尼,心怀嗔怒、不满意地这样说:‘我舍弃佛、舍弃法、舍弃僧、舍弃学处。那些沙门尼、释迦女算什么沙门尼!还有别的沙门尼,她们有惭、有耻、精进于学处,我到她们那里去修梵行。’她不放下这件事。如果僧团认为时机合适,僧团应当劝谏某某比丘尼,让她放下这件事。这是提案。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vadeti – ‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṃ paccācikkhāmi, saṅghaṃ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro! Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’ti. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.
115“诸位大姊,请僧团听我说。这位某某比丘尼,心怀嗔怒、不满意地这样说:‘我舍弃佛……我舍弃学处。那些沙门尼、释迦女算什么沙门尼!还有别的沙门尼,她们有惭、有耻、精进于学处,我到她们那里去修梵行。’她不放下这件事。僧团劝谏某某比丘尼,让她放下这件事。哪位大姊同意劝谏某某比丘尼、让她放下这件事,请沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vadeti – ‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi…pe… sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro! Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṃ santike brahmacariyaṃ carissāmī’ti . Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati sā, bhāseyya.
116“我再宣说这件事第二次……我再宣说这件事第三次……”
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
117“某某比丘尼已经被僧团劝谏,要她放下这件事。僧团同意,因此沉默。我这样持守此事。”
‘‘Samanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
118提案时犯恶作,两次甘马语时犯偷兰遮,甘马语结束时犯僧残。犯僧残罪者,在提案时原本犯的恶作,以及两次甘马语时原本犯的偷兰遮,都随之消解。
Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā. Kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjantiyā ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti.
119这个被称为“依前者而立”。
ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
120这是指经过三次劝谏才犯,不是与犯罪事由同时犯。
nti yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya āpajjati, na saha vatthujjhācārā.
121就被逐出僧团。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
122……因此这也被称为‘僧残’。
ti…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
713在如法的甘马中,有‘这是如法甘马’的想法而不放弃,犯僧残罪。在如法的甘马中,有疑惑而不放弃,犯僧残罪。在如法的甘马中,有‘这是非法甘马’的想法而不放弃,犯僧残罪。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
124在非法的甘马中,有‘这是如法甘马’的想法,犯恶作罪。在非法的甘马中,有疑惑,犯恶作罪。在非法的甘马中,有‘这是非法甘马’的想法,犯恶作罪。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa . Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
714无犯的情况是:没有被劝告的她、正在放弃的她、精神失常者、最初的犯戒者。
Anāpatti asamanubhāsantiyā, paṭinissajjantiyā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
141第七桑喀地谢萨学处完
Sattamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
1428. 第八桑喀地谢萨学处
8. Aṭṭhamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
715那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇园给孤独园。就在那时,阐陀迦旃延比丘尼,因在某起诤事中被反对,生气、心里不爽,就这样说:‘这些比丘尼是随贪欲而行的,这些比丘尼是随嗔恚而行的,这些比丘尼是随愚痴而行的,这些比丘尼是随怖畏而行的。’那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……纷纷讥嫌、批评、指责说:‘圣者阐陀迦旃延,怎么能在某起诤事中被反对后,生气、心里不爽,就这样说——这些比丘尼是随贪欲而行的……随嗔恚而行的……随愚痴而行的……随怖畏而行的呢?’……‘诸位比丘,阐陀迦旃延比丘尼确实在某起诤事中被反对后,生气、心里不爽,就这样说——这些比丘尼是随贪欲而行的……随嗔恚而行的……随愚痴而行的……随怖畏而行的吗?’‘确实如此,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责道:‘诸位比丘,阐陀迦旃延比丘尼怎么能在某起诤事中被反对后,生气、心里不爽,就这样说——这些比丘尼是随贪欲而行的……随嗔恚而行的……随愚痴而行的……随怖畏而行的呢!诸位比丘,这不能使那些没有净信的人生起净信……那么,诸位比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——’
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vadeti – ‘‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, dosagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, mohagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vakkhati – chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo…pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vadeti – ‘‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo…pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vakkhati – ‘‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo…pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’’ti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
716之后,别住完毕,应当由二十众比丘尼僧团出罪。如果比丘尼僧团的人数哪怕少一个,把她出罪了,那么这位比丘尼就不能算被出罪,而且那个僧团应受呵责。这就是这里的正确规则。
nti.
717‘那位比丘尼’,也就是说,她们是这般这样的、如此状态的……因此,这里所指的,就是‘比丘尼’的意思。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
129所谓“案件”,是指四种案件:争议案件、指控案件、罪过案件、义务案件。
ti adhikaraṇaṃ nāma cattāri adhikaraṇāni – vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ.
130所谓“名为”,是称被驱逐者。
nāma parājitā vuccati.
131所谓“不悦”,指心受打击、心生嫌隙。
ti anabhiraddhā āhatacittā khilajātā.
132所谓“‘那些比丘尼是随欲而行者……乃至……那些比丘尼是随怖畏而行者’”。
ti – ‘‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo…pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’’ti.
133所谓“那位比丘尼”,是指说这些话的那位。
ti yā sā evaṃvādinī bhikkhunī.
134所谓“由其他比丘尼”,是指由那些看见、听闻的比丘尼。
ti aññāhi bhikkhunīhi.
135那些看见、听闻的比丘尼应对她说:“大姊,请不要因为在某件事情上被反对,就恼怒、不满而这样说:‘那些比丘尼是随欲而行者……乃至……那些比丘尼是随怖畏而行者’。大姊们也可能随欲而行……乃至……也可能随怖畏而行。”应当这样劝说第二次。应当这样劝说第三次。如果她放弃了,这样就好;如果不放弃,犯恶作。那些听见却不劝说的比丘尼,犯恶作。应当把那位比丘尼带到僧团中,对她说:“大姊,请不要因为在某件事情上被反对,就恼怒、不满而这样说:‘那些比丘尼是随欲而行者……乃至……那些比丘尼是随怖畏而行者’。大姊们也可能随欲而行……乃至……也可能随怖畏而行。”应当这样劝说第二次。应当这样劝说第三次。如果她放弃了,这样就好;如果不放弃,犯恶作。应对那位比丘尼进行教诫。比丘们,应这样进行教诫:应由一位聪明、有能力的比丘尼通知僧团:
Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ avaca – ‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo…pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’ti. Ayyā kho chandāpi gaccheyya…pe… bhayāpi gaccheyyā’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ avaca – ‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo…pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’ti. Ayyā kho chandāpi gaccheyya…pe… bhayāpi gaccheyyā’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
718“尊者们,请僧团听我说话。这位名为某某的比丘尼,因为在某件事情上被反对,恼怒、不满而这样说:‘那些比丘尼是随欲而行者……乃至……那些比丘尼是随怖畏而行者’。她不放弃那件事。如果僧团认为时机合适,僧团应当为让她放弃那件事而教诫这位名为某某的比丘尼。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vadeti – ‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo…pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’ti. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.
137“尊者们,请听我说。这位名叫某某的比丘尼,在某一争论中被驳斥后,心怀愤怒、不悦,这样说:‘比丘尼们是依贪爱而行的……乃至……依恐惧而行的。’她不放弃那件事。现在僧团劝谏这位比丘尼,要她放弃那件事。如果哪位尊者同意劝谏某某比丘尼放弃那件事,请保持沉默;如果不同意,请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ vadeti – ‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo…pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’ti. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
138“第二次,我也讲这件事……乃至……第三次,我也讲这件事……”
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
139“这位比丘尼已被僧团劝谏,应当放弃那件事。僧团同意,因此沉默。我这样持守这件事。”
‘‘Samanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
140在羯磨提案时犯恶作罪;两次羯磨表决进行时犯偷兰遮罪;羯磨表决结束时犯桑喀地谢萨(僧残)罪。当犯下桑喀地谢萨罪时,之前羯磨提案时的恶作罪和两次表决时的偷兰遮罪应平息。
Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā. Kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjantiyā ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti.
141这是结合前面的内容而说的。
ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
142这是通过三次劝谏而犯的罪,不与犯事同时。
nti yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya āpajjati, na saha vatthujjhācārā.
143她即被逐出僧团。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
144……因此,也称为桑喀地谢萨(僧残)。
ti…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
719对于如法羯磨,认为它是如法羯磨而不放弃,犯僧残罪。对于如法羯磨,心有疑惑而不放弃,犯僧残罪。对于如法羯磨,认为它是不如法羯磨而不放弃,犯僧残罪。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisessa. Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
146对于不如法羯磨,认为它是如法羯磨,犯恶作罪。对于不如法羯磨,心有疑惑,犯恶作罪。对于不如法羯磨,认为它是不如法羯磨,犯恶作罪。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā āpatti dukkaṭassa.
720无犯的情况:不听从劝告、放弃了、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti asamanubhāsantiyā, paṭinissajjantiyā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti .
165第八桑喀地谢萨学处完
Aṭṭhamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
1669. 第九桑喀地谢萨学处
9. Navamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
721那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇园给孤独园。当时,偷罗难陀比丘尼的随学比丘尼们混在一起,行恶行、有恶名声、恶称誉,恼乱比丘尼僧团,互相隐瞒过失。那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们不满、指责、呵斥:‘怎么比丘尼们混在一起,行恶行、有恶名声、恶称誉,恼乱比丘尼僧团,互相隐瞒过失呢?’……‘比丘们,据说比丘尼们混在一起,行恶行、有恶名声、恶称誉,恼乱比丘尼僧团,互相隐瞒过失,这是真的吗?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责:‘比丘们,比丘尼们怎么混在一起,行恶行、有恶名声、恶称誉,恼乱比丘尼僧团,互相隐瞒过失呢!比丘们,这不能让未生信者生信……’然后,比丘们,比丘尼们应该这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā antevāsikā bhikkhuniyo saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo saṃsaṭṭhā viharissanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikāti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo saṃsaṭṭhā viharissanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
722等。
nti.
723受具足戒者被称为比丘尼。
ti upasampannāyo vuccanti.
151所谓‘混在一起’,就是以不随顺的身体和语言行为混在一起。
ti saṃsaṭṭhā nāma ananulomikena kāyikavācasikena saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti.
152所谓‘恶行’,是指具备恶劣的行为。
ti pāpakena ācārena samannāgatā.
153是恶名声远扬的。
ti pāpakena kittisaddena abbhuggatā.
154是以恶邪命维持生活的。
ti pāpakena micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti.
155是彼此在所行的羯磨中唱反调的。
ti aññamaññissā kamme karīyamāne paṭikkosanti.
156是互相覆藏过失的。
ti aññamaññaṃ vajjaṃ paṭicchādenti.
157那些混在一起的比丘尼们。
ti yā tā saṃsaṭṭhā bhikkhuniyo.
158由其他的比丘尼们。
ti aññāhi bhikkhunīhi.
159凡是看见的、凡是听见的比丘尼,应对她们这样说:‘姐妹们,她们混在一起住,行恶行、有恶名声、有恶称誉,是比丘尼僧团的损害者,彼此之间互相覆藏过失。姐妹们,请离开吧!僧团只称赞姐妹们的远离。’应该说第二次。应该说第三次。如果她们放弃了,这样是好的;如果不放弃,犯恶作罪。那些比丘尼听见了却不说,犯恶作罪。那些比丘尼还应被拉到僧团当中,对她们这样说:‘姐妹们,她们混在一起住,行恶行、有恶名声、有恶称誉,是比丘尼僧团的损害者,彼此之间互相覆藏过失。姐妹们,请离开吧!僧团只称赞姐妹们的远离。’应该说第二次。应该说第三次。如果她们放弃了,这样是好的;如果不放弃,犯恶作罪。那些比丘尼应当被劝谏。比丘们,应当这样劝谏:应由一位聪明能干的比丘尼向僧团提出动议——
Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā – ‘‘bhaginiyo kho saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjanti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tā bhikkhuniyo saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā – ‘‘bhaginiyo kho saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjanti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tā bhikkhuniyo samanubhāsitabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
724“尊者们,请僧团听我说。某甲比丘尼和某甲比丘尼混在一起住,行恶行、有恶名声、有恶称誉,是比丘尼僧团的损害者,彼此之间互相覆藏过失。她们不放弃那件事情。如果僧团认为时机适当,僧团应当劝谏某甲比丘尼和某甲比丘尼,让她们放弃那件事情。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Itthannāmā ca itthannāmā ca bhikkhuniyo saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Tā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjanti. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhuniyo samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.
161“尊者们,请僧团听我说。名叫某某与某某的比丘尼,她们杂住共处,行止不端,名声败坏,风评恶劣,使比丘尼僧团不得安宁,彼此遮掩过失。她们不肯舍弃那桩事。僧团为了令她们舍弃那桩事,对名叫某某与某某的比丘尼进行劝告。哪位尊者同意对名叫某某与某某的比丘尼进行劝告、令她们舍弃那桩事的,请保持沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Itthannāmā ca itthannāmā ca bhikkhuniyo saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Tā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjanti. Saṅgho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhuniyo samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya ca itthannāmāya ca bhikkhunīnaṃ samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
162“第二次我也宣说这件事……乃至……第三次我也宣说这件事……乃至……。”
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
163“僧团已对名叫某某与某某的比丘尼进行劝告,令其舍弃那桩事。僧团同意,因此保持沉默。我如此记持此事。”
‘‘Samanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena, itthannāmā ca itthannāmā ca bhikkhuniyo tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
164白时犯恶作,两次甘马语时犯偷兰遮,甘马语结束时犯桑喀地谢萨。犯桑喀地谢萨者,白时恶作、两次甘马语时偷兰遮,在劝告未完成前即消止。两三位应一起被劝告,多于这个数目则不应被劝告。
Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā, kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjantīnaṃ ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti. Dve tisso ekato samanubhāsitabbā. Tatuttari na samanubhāsitabbā.
165这是依据前面那些而说的。
ti purimāyo upādāya vuccanti.
166在第三次劝告时犯戒,并非连同事情本身的行为。
nti yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya āpajjanti, na saha vatthujjhācārā.
167这是指从僧团中被出罪。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
168……乃至……这也是因此才称为桑喀地谢萨。”
ti…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.
725在如法的甘马中,以为是如法的甘马而不放弃,犯桑喀地谢萨(僧残)。在如法的甘马中,有疑惑而不放弃,犯桑喀地谢萨。在如法的甘马中,以为是非法甘马而不放弃,犯桑喀地谢萨。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
170在非法甘马中,以为是如法的甘马,犯恶作。在非法甘马中,有疑惑,犯恶作。在非法甘马中,以为是非法甘马,犯恶作。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
726无犯:没有被劝告的人;放弃的人;疯狂者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti asamanubhāsantīnaṃ, paṭinissajjantīnaṃ, ummattikānaṃ, ādikammikānanti.
191第九桑喀地谢萨学处完
Navamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
19210. 第十桑喀地谢萨学处
10. Dasamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ
727那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇园给孤独园。那时,偷罗难陀比丘尼对那些被比丘尼僧团劝告的比丘尼们这样说:“圣尼们,你们就混杂地住在一起吧。你们不要分开住。僧团中还有其他的比丘尼,也是如此行为、如此名声、如此声誉,是比丘尼僧团的恼害者,彼此遮掩过错的。僧团却什么都没说。僧团只是因为轻蔑、藐视、不忍、斥责、找弱点才对你们说:‘姐妹们确实混杂而住,行为恶劣、名声恶劣、声誉恶劣,是比丘尼僧团的恼害者,彼此遮掩过错的。圣尼们,你们分开吧。僧团称赞的正是姐妹们的独处。’”那些少欲的比丘尼……她们感到不满、批评、呵责:“偷罗难陀圣尼怎么可以对那些被僧团劝告的比丘尼们这样说:‘圣尼们,你们就混杂地住在一起吧。你们不要分开住。僧团中还有其他的比丘尼……圣尼们,你们分开吧。僧团称赞的正是姐妹们的独处。’”……“诸比丘,偷罗难陀比丘尼对那被僧团劝告的比丘尼们这样说:‘圣尼们,你们就混杂地住在一起吧。你们不要分开住。僧团中还有其他的比丘尼也是如此行为、如此名声、如此声誉,是比丘尼僧团的恼害者,彼此遮掩过错的。僧团却什么都没说。僧团只是因为轻蔑、藐视、不忍、斥责、找弱点才对你们说:姐妹们确实混杂而住,行为恶劣、名声恶劣、声誉恶劣,是比丘尼僧团的恼害者,彼此遮掩过错的。圣尼们,你们分开吧。僧团称赞的正是姐妹们的独处。’这是真实的吗?”“这是真实的,世尊。”佛陀世尊喝斥……“诸比丘,偷罗难陀比丘尼怎么可以对那些被僧团劝告的比丘尼们这样说:‘圣尼们,你们就混杂地住在一起吧。你们不要分开住。僧团中还有其他的比丘尼……圣尼们,你们分开吧。僧团称赞的正是姐妹们的独处。’诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵习这部学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunīsaṅghena samanubhaṭṭhā bhikkhuniyo evaṃ vadeti – ‘‘saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo evācārā evaṃsaddā evaṃsilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Tā saṅgho na kiñci āha. Tumhaññeva saṅgho uññāya paribhavena akkhantiyā vebhassiyā dubbalyā evamāha – ‘bhaginiyo kho saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā bhikkhunī saṅghena samanubhaṭṭhā bhikkhuniyo evaṃ vakkhati – saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo…pe… viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetīti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī saṅghena samanubhaṭṭhā bhikkhuniyo evaṃ vadeti – saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo evācārā evaṃsaddā evaṃsilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Tā saṅgho na kiñci āha. Tumhaññeva saṅgho uññāya paribhavena akkhantiyā vebhassiyā dubbalyā evamāha – bhaginiyo kho saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī saṅghena samanubhaṭṭhā bhikkhuniyo evaṃ vakkhati – saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo…pe… viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetīti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
728。”
nti.
729指任何那样的……这个在这个意义上被叫做“那位比丘尼”的。
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
175她说:“圣尼们,你们就混杂地住在一起吧。你们不要分开住。僧团中还有其他的比丘尼也是如此行为、如此名声、如此声誉,是比丘尼僧团的恼害者,彼此遮掩过错的。僧团却什么都没说。”
ti – ‘‘saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo evācārā evaṃsaddā evaṃsilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Tā saṅgho na kiñci āha’’.
176这是以轻蔑的语气说。”
ti avaññāya.
177她们被称为被抛弃者。
ti pāribhabyatā.
178她们出于愤怒而如此说。
ti kopena.
179她们被称为被毁坏者。
ti vibhassīkatā .
180她们被称为偏离者。
ti apakkhatā.
181她们这样说:'姐妹们混杂而住,是恶行者、恶名声者、恶称誉者,是比丘尼僧团的损害者,彼此覆藏过失。姐妹们啊,你们应当别离而住!僧团只赞叹姐妹们的远离。'
Evamāha – ‘‘bhaginiyo kho saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Viciccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’ti.
182那位如此说的比丘尼。
ti yā sā evaṃvādinī bhikkhunī.
183其他比丘尼们。
ti aññāhi bhikkhunīhi.
184那些看见或听闻的比丘尼们应当对她说:'尊者啊,不要这样说——"尊者啊,你们就这样混杂而住吧。你们不要各自别住。僧团中还有其他比丘尼也是如此行……尊者啊,你们应当别离而住!僧团只赞叹姐妹们的远离。"'应当第二次对她说。应当第三次对她说。如果她舍弃,这很好;如果她不放弃,犯恶作罪。那些听了却不说的比丘尼,犯恶作罪。那位比丘尼即使被拉到僧团中间,也应当对她说:'尊者啊,不要这样说——"尊者啊,你们就这样混杂而住吧。你们不要各自别住。僧团中还有其他比丘尼也是如此行……尊者啊,你们应当别离而住!僧团只赞叹姐妹们的远离。"'应当第二次对她说。应当第三次对她说。如果她舍弃,这很好;如果她不放弃,犯恶作罪。那位比丘尼应当被僧团教诫。比丘们啊,应当这样进行教诫。应由一位贤能而有能力的比丘尼向僧团宣告:
Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, evaṃ avaca – ‘saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo…pe… viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, evaṃ avaca – ‘saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo…pe… viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
730尊者们,请听我说。这位叫做某某的比丘尼,被僧团审问后,却对比丘尼们这样说:‘尊者们,你们就混在一起住吧。不要分开住。僧团里还有其他比丘尼,也是这样行为的,也是这样名声的,也是这样声誉的,她们是比丘尼僧团的祸害,是互相掩藏过失的人。僧团对她们什么也没说。僧团只是因为轻蔑、藐视、不忍、挑剔、软弱才对你们这样说——姊妹们混在一起住,是恶行、恶名声、恶声誉,是比丘尼僧团的祸害,是互相掩藏过失的人。尊者们,你们分开吧。僧团只赞叹姊妹们独住。’她不放弃这种主张。如果僧团认为时机合适,僧团应劝谏某某比丘尼,令她放弃那种主张。这是动议。
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī saṅghena samanubhaṭṭhā bhikkhuniyo evaṃ vadeti – ‘saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo evācārā evaṃsaddā evaṃsilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Tā saṅgho na kiñci āha. Tumhaññeva saṅgho uññāya paribhavena akkhantiyā vebhassiyā dubbalyā evamāha – bhaginiyo kho saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā . Viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetī’ti. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.
186尊者们,请听我说。这位叫做某某的比丘尼,被僧团审问后,却对比丘尼们这样说:‘尊者们,你们就混在一起住吧。不要分开住。僧团里还有其他比丘尼,也是这样行为的,也是这样名声的,也是这样声誉的,她们是比丘尼僧团的祸害,是互相掩藏过失的人。僧团对她们什么也没说。僧团只是因为轻蔑、藐视、不忍、挑剔、软弱才对你们这样说——姊妹们混在一起住,是恶行、恶名声、恶声誉,是比丘尼僧团的祸害,是互相掩藏过失的人。尊者们,你们分开吧。僧团只赞叹姊妹们独住。’她不放弃那种主张。僧团劝谏某某比丘尼,令她放弃那种主张。哪位尊者同意对某某比丘尼进行劝谏,令她放弃那种主张,请沉默;哪位不同意,请说。
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī saṅghena samanubhaṭṭhā bhikkhuniyo evaṃ vadeti – ‘saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharittha. Santi saṅghe aññāpi bhikkhuniyo evācārā evaṃsaddā evaṃsilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Tā saṅgho na kiñci āha. Tumhaññeva saṅgho uññāya paribhavena akkhantiyā vebhassiyā dubbalyā evamāha – bhaginiyo kho saṃsaṭṭhā viharanti pāpācārā pāpasaddā pāpasilokā, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihesikā, aññamaññissā vajjappaṭicchādikā. Viviccathāyye. Vivekaññeva bhaginīnaṃ saṅgho vaṇṇetī’ti. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
187我再说第二次这个意义……乃至……我再说第三次这个意义……乃至……
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
188僧团已经对某某比丘尼进行劝谏,令她放弃那种主张。僧团同意,因此沉默。我是这样理解的。
‘‘Samanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
189动议时,犯恶作;两次甘马宣告时,犯偷兰遮;甘马宣告结束时,犯桑喀地谢萨罪。犯桑喀地谢萨罪者,动议时的恶作、两次甘马宣告时的偷兰遮,都息灭。
Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā, kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Saṅghādisesaṃ ajjhāpajjantiyā ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti.
190被称为‘这些’的,是以前面的那些为根据而说的。
ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
191这就是说,她是在乃至第三次劝谏时才犯,并不是连同行为的性质一起犯。
nti yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya āpajjati, na sahavatthujjhācārā.
192这就是说,她应从僧团中被驱逐出去。
nti saṅghamhā nissārīyati.
193这是僧团对犯下此罪的比丘尼给予别住、从根本召回、出罪,而不是由几位或一位比丘尼来进行。因此这被称为‘僧残’。这也正是对这类罪行的命名与称呼,所以也叫作‘僧残’。
ti saṅghova tassā āpattiyā mānattaṃ deti, mūlāya paṭikassati, abbheti, na sambahulā na ekā bhikkhunī. Tena vuccati ‘‘saṅghādiseso’’ti. Tasseva āpattinikāyassa nāmakammaṃ adhivacanaṃ, tenapi vuccati ‘‘saṅghādiseso’’ti.
731对于如法的僧团裁决,认为那是如法裁决而不愿舍弃,犯僧残罪。对于如法的僧团裁决,心存疑惑而不愿舍弃,犯僧残罪。对于如法的僧团裁决,误以为那是不如法裁决而不愿舍弃,犯僧残罪。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa . Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
195对于不如法的僧团裁决,误以为那是如法裁决,犯恶作罪。对于不如法的僧团裁决,心存疑惑,犯恶作罪。对于不如法的僧团裁决,认为那是不如法裁决,犯恶作罪。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
732无犯的情况是:在被劝谏时顺从了;在被劝谏时主动舍弃了;是精神失常者;是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti asamanubhāsantiyā, paṭinissajjantiyā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
218第十桑喀地谢萨学处完
Dasamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
197诸位圣尼,十七条僧残法已经诵出——其中九条是初犯即构成罪,八条是要经过三次劝谏。若有比丘尼违犯了其中任何一条,该比丘尼必须在两部僧团中履行半个月的别住。完成别住的比丘尼,应在有二十位比丘尼组成的僧团之处出罪。如果出罪她的比丘尼僧团,即便只差一位不满二十位,那位比丘尼就不能算是被出罪,而参与的那些比丘尼也应受谴责。这是这里应遵行的正确程序。
Uddiṭṭhā kho, ayyāyo, sattarasa saṅghādisesā dhammā – nava paṭhamāpattikā, aṭṭha yāvatatiyakā. Yesaṃ bhikkhunī aññataraṃ vā aññataraṃ vā āpajjati, tāya bhikkhuniyā ubhatosaṅghe pakkhamānattaṃ caritabbaṃ. Ciṇṇamānattā bhikkhunī yattha siyā vīsatigaṇo bhikkhunisaṅgho tattha (sā bhikkhunī) abbhetabbā. Ekāyapi ce ūno vīsatigaṇo bhikkhunisaṅgho taṃ bhikkhuniṃ abbheyya. Sā ca bhikkhunī anabbhitā, tā ca bhikkhuniyo gārayhā, ayaṃ tattha sāmīci.
198在此,我问诸位圣尼:‘你们对此是否清净?’第二次我再问:‘你们对此是否清净?’第三次我再问:‘你们对此是否清净?’诸位圣尼对此是清净的,因此默然。我这样铭记此事。
Tatthāyyāyo pucchāmi – ‘‘kaccittha parisuddhā’’? Dutiyampi pucchāmi – ‘‘kaccittha parisuddhā’’? Tatiyampi pucchāmi – ‘‘kaccittha parisuddhā’’? Parisuddhetthāyyāyo, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmīti.
221十七法完
Sattarasakaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.
222比丘尼分别桑喀地谢萨篇完
Bhikkhunivibhaṅge saṅghādisesakaṇḍaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.