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其他偈颂集义注

vin02a4.att8 · 静态文献页 · 14 段 · 打开交互阅读器

1第二偈颂集
Dutiyagāthāsaṅgaṇikaṃ
2举罪等问答的注释
Codanādipucchāvissajjanāvaṇṇanā
359第359条。在第二偈颂集中,“举罪”是指指出事由和过失后而举罪。“Sāraṇā”是指过失的平息。“僧团为了什么目的?”是指僧团的集会是为了什么目的。而“Matikamma”是为了什么原因?“Matikamma”是指达成决议;意思是,那是为了什么原因?
359. Dutiyagāthāsaṅgaṇiyaṃ codanāti vatthuñca āpattiñca dassetvā codanā. Sāraṇāti dosasāraṇā. Saṅgho kimatthāyāti saṅghasannipāto kimatthāya. Matikammaṃ pana kissa kāraṇāti matikammaṃ vuccati mantaggahaṇaṃ; taṃ kissa kāraṇāti attho.
2“举罪是为了平息”是指如前所述的举罪,是为了平息被举罪者的过失。“平息是为了惩治”是指过失的平息是为了惩治那个人。“僧团是为了掌握”是指在那里聚集的僧团是为了掌握裁决;意思是,为了衡量法与非法,为了知晓善裁决与不善裁决。“而决议则是各别的”是指经师长老和持律师长老的达成决议,是各别各别地为了确立裁决。
Codanā sāraṇatthāyāti vuttappakārā codanā, tena cuditakapuggalena codakadosasāraṇatthāya. Niggahatthāya sāraṇāti dosasāraṇā pana tassa puggalassa niggahatthāya. Saṅgho pariggahatthāyāti tattha sannipatito saṅgho vinicchayapariggahaṇatthāya; dhammādhammaṃ tulanatthāya suvinicchitadubbinicchitaṃ jānanatthāyāti attho. Matikammaṃ pana pāṭiyekkanti suttantikattherānañca vinayadharattherānañca mantaggahaṇaṃ pāṭekkaṃ pāṭekkaṃ vinicchayasanniṭṭhāpanatthaṃ.
3“不要有嗔恚”是指不要对被举罪者或举罪者生起愤怒。“如果你是一位审查者”是指如果你是一位持律师,坐在僧团中间,为了裁决已提交的诤事。
Mā kho paṭighanti cuditake vā codake vā kopaṃ mā janayi. Sace anuvijjako tuvanti sace tvaṃ saṅghamajjhe otiṇṇaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinicchituṃ nisinno vinayadharo.
4“争论的”是指以“你不懂此法与律”等方式进行的。“伴随无益的”是指产生无益、扰乱并激起大众的,这样的言论不要说。在“经、律等”中,“经”是指两部分别,“律”是指犍度,“随顺”是指附随,“所制”是指整个律藏,“随顺的”是指四大教法。
Viggāhikanti ‘‘na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsī’’tiādinayappavattaṃ. Anatthasaṃhitanti yā anatthaṃ janayati, parisaṃ khobhetvā uṭṭhāpeti, evarūpiṃ kathaṃ mā abhaṇi. Sutte vinaye vātiādīsu suttaṃ nāma ubhatovibhaṅgo. Vinayo nāma khandhako. Anulomo nāma parivāro. Paññattaṃ nāma sakalaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ. Anulomikaṃ nāma cattāro mahāpadesā.
5“应留意审问仪轨”是指应留意审问的仪轨。“由善巧、具慧者所制定”是指由世尊,即熟练、明智、达到智慧彼岸者,取出并安立的。“善说”是指善巧地宣说。“随顺学处”是指随顺诸学处。这是词义,而此处有意图的简要注释是:“如果你是一位审查者,不要轻率地说,不要说伴随无益的争论言论。然而,由善巧、具慧的世间怙主在这些经等之中善巧宣说的审问仪轨言论,是随顺一切学处的,你应留意它,应掌握它。”“不破坏来世的归宿”是指不破坏自己来世善趣的转生,而留意审问仪轨。因为若有人不留意它而审问,他便破坏了自己来世的归宿,因此,你应不破坏而留意,这是意思。现在为了显示那审问仪轨,而说“寻求利益者”等。其中,“寻求利益者”是指寻求、探求利益;意思是,安立了慈爱与慈爱的前分后。“适时”是指在合适的时机;意思是,仅在请求时,当你的责任已完成时,才审问。
Anuyogavattaṃnisāmayāti anuyuñjanavattaṃ nisāmehi. Kusalena buddhimatā katanti chekena paṇḍitena ñāṇapāramippattena bhagavatā nīharitvā ṭhapitaṃ. Suvuttanti supaññāpitaṃ. Sikkhāpadānulomikanti sikkhāpadānaṃ anulomaṃ. Ayaṃ tāva padattho, ayaṃ panettha sādhippāyasaṅkhepavaṇṇanā – ‘‘sace tvaṃ anuvijjako, mā sahasā bhaṇi, mā anatthasaṃhitaṃ viggāhikakathaṃ bhaṇi. Yaṃ pana kusalena buddhimatā lokanāthena etesu suttādīsu anuyogavattaṃ kathaṃ supaññattaṃ sabbasikkhāpadānaṃ anulomaṃ, taṃ nisāmaya taṃ upadhārehī’’ti. Gatiṃ na nāsento samparāyikanti attano samparāye sugatinibbattiṃ anāsento anuyogavattaṃ nisāmaya. Yo hi taṃ anisāmetvā anuyuñjati, so samparāyikaṃ attano gatiṃ nāseti, tasmā tvaṃ anāsento nisāmayāti attho. Idāni taṃ anuyogavattaṃ dassetuṃ hitesītiādimāha. Tattha hitesīti hitaṃ esanto gavesanto; mettañca mettāpubbabhāgañca upaṭṭhapetvāti attho. Kālenāti yuttapattakālena; ajjhesitakāleyeva tava bhāre kate anuyuñjāti attho.
6“不要轻率地作出裁决”是指对于这些,若有轻率的裁决、轻率的言论,你不要作出裁决,不要采纳。
Sahasā vohāraṃ mā padhāresīti yo etesaṃ sahasā vohāro hoti, sahasā bhāsitaṃ, taṃ mā padhāresi, mā gaṇhittha.
7“应以认罪与关联来处置”在此,“关联”是指言论的关联,因此,应以认罪与关联来处置;意思是,注意到言论的关联后,以认罪来处置。或者,应以认罪和关联来处置;对于有惭者,以认罪来处置;对于无惭者,以行为的关联来处置。因此,才说了“认罪在有惭者中”的偈颂。其中,“应以行为的关联来处置”是指应以行为的关联来处置;意思是,以那与他的行为相关联的认罪来处置。
Paṭiññānusandhitena kārayeti ettha anusandhitanti kathānusandhi vuccati, tasmā paṭiññānusandhinā kāraye; kathānusandhiṃ sallakkhetvā paṭiññāya kārayeti attho. Atha vā paṭiññāya ca anusandhitena ca kāraye, lajjiṃ paṭiññāya kāraye; alajjiṃ vattānusandhināti attho. Tasmā eva paṭiññā lajjīsūti gāthamāha. Tattha vattānusandhitena kārayeti vattānusandhinā kāraye, yā assa vattena saddhiṃ paṭiññā sandhiyati, tāya paṭiññāya kārayeti attho.
8“故意”是指明知而犯。“隐藏”是指隐藏、不忏悔、不出罪。
Sañciccāti jānanto āpajjati. Parigūhatīti nigūhati na deseti na vuṭṭhāti.
9“我也知道那”是指你们所说的,那是真实的,我也同样知道它。“而我也问别的”是指我也问别的那个。
Sā ahampi jānāmīti yaṃ tumhehi vuttaṃ, taṃ saccaṃ, ahampi naṃ evameva jānāmi. Aññañca tāhanti aññañca taṃ ahaṃ pucchāmi.
10“不知前后”是指不知先前所说的和后来所说的。“不熟练”是指在那前后中不善巧。“不知关联的语句”是指不知言论关联的语句和裁决关联的语句。
Pubbāparaṃna jānātīti purekathitañca pacchākathitañca na jānāti. Akovidoti tasmiṃ pubbāpare akusalo. Anusandhivacanapathaṃ na jānātīti kathānusandhivacanaṃ vinicchayānusandhivacanañca na jānāti.
11“以戒坏而举罪”是指以两种犯聚而举罪。“以行、见”是指以行坏和见坏。以行坏举罪者,以五种犯聚而举罪;以见坏举罪者,以邪见和边执见而举罪。“也以活命而举罪”是指以因活命而制定的六条学处而举罪。其余一切处都是明显的。
Sīlavipattiyā codetīti dvīhi āpattikkhandhehi codeti. Ācāradiṭṭhiyāti ācāravipattiyā ceva diṭṭhivipattiyā ca. Ācāravipattiyā codento pañcahāpattikkhandhehi codeti, diṭṭhivipattiyā codento micchādiṭṭhiyā ceva antaggāhikadiṭṭhiyā ca codeti. Ājīvenapi codetīti ājīvahetupaññattehi chahi sikkhāpadehi codeti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
14第二偈颂集的注释完毕。
Dutiyagāthāsaṅgaṇikavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.