6. 应悔过篇义注
六、应巴底德萨尼品
6. Pāṭidesanīyakaṇḍaṃ
1一、第一应巴底德萨尼学处注释
1. Paṭhamapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā
2应巴底德萨尼（Pāṭidesanīyā）法，是小部派经文中紧随其后的内容；
Pāṭidesanīyā dhammā, khuddakānaṃ anantarā;
3那些至今仍被确立保存的，即是这些内容的说明。
Ṭhapitā ye ayaṃ dāni, tesaṃ bhavati vaṇṇanā.
552第五百五十二条。最初关于应巴底德萨尼事项，如印法（piṇḍā）行为，乃至于巴底德萨尼时间均有规定。所谓全部承受（aggahesīti）者，即兼容并包，毫无遗漏。所谓驱使（pavedhentīti）者，是指在震动不安中强力推动。所谓离去（apehīti）者，即离开、远去。
552. Paṭhamapāṭidesanīye tāva paṭikkamanakāleti piṇḍāya caritvā paṭiāgamanakāle. Sabbeva aggahesīti sabbameva aggahesi. Pavedhentīti kampamānā. Apehīti apagaccha.
553-5五百五十三至五十五条。『加赖哈』（Gārayhaṃ āvuso）等语，乃应巴底德萨尼的语体表现。『拉特迦』（Rathikā）意为保护、护卫。『比奴汉递』（Byūhanti）指驻留不去。『辛迦塔』（Siṅghāṭaka）指四角或三角形的道叉支撑物。『嘎哈』（Ghara）则是族居舍屋。若此等处有人停驻，且阻碍场所主人收取杂物时，乃为应巴底德萨尼之由。象树等地若阻碍同样，亦然。比丘尼若坐于拉特迦上供养，比丘若在中庭等地停立接受则阻碍，则应巴底德萨尼。『中庭屋内住人』之语，言外之意，若比丘尼于中庭居住供养，应发觉有过；比丘若若立于街道而在中庭供养比丘尼，不生障碍，故无过。
553-5.Gārayhaṃ āvusotiādi paṭidesetabbākāradassanaṃ. Rathikāti racchā. Byūhanti anibbijjhitvā ṭhitā gatapaccāgataracchā. Siṅghāṭakanti catukkoṇaṃ vā tikoṇaṃ vā maggasamodhānaṭṭhānaṃ. Gharanti kulagharaṃ. Etesu yattha katthaci ṭhatvā gaṇhantassa gahaṇe dukkaṭaṃ, ajjhohāre ajjhohāragaṇanāya pāṭidesanīyaṃ. Hatthisālādīsu gaṇhantassāpi eseva nayo. Bhikkhunī rathikāya ṭhatvā deti, bhikkhu sacepi antarārāmādīsu ṭhatvā gaṇhāti, āpattiyeva. ‘‘Antaragharaṃ paviṭṭhāyā’’ti hi vacanato bhikkhuniyā antaraghare ṭhatvā dadamānāya vasenettha āpatti veditabbā, bhikkhussa ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ pana appamāṇaṃ. Tasmā sacepi vīthiādīsu ṭhito bhikkhu antarārāmādīsu ṭhatvā dadamānāya bhikkhuniyā gaṇhāti, anāpattiyeva.
3昼夜轮转，七天八天，乃至于终身食供，若接受则为应巴底德萨尼。阻碍收取杂货处若阻碍，则更显过失。此系以肉身未净状态下，肉食生活粗劣，故言不应。若生活得到清净一丝不苟，同体同心，则仅仅应巴底德萨尼。比丘尼中持戒至上者，乃上供之意义；比丘受戒者供养则如实无过。
Yāmakālikaṃ sattāhakālikaṃ yāvajīvikaṃ āhāratthāya paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassāti idaṃ āmisena asambhinnaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, sambhinne pana ekarase pāṭidesanīyameva. Ekato upasampannāyāti bhikkhunīnaṃ santike upasampannāya. Bhikkhūnaṃ santike upasampannāya pana yathāvatthukameva.
556五百五十六条。赠与之法，无论何人赠与，受者无过。若将物置于地上说「此为你所有」，即为赠与。若受者予以承认「善哉，善哉」，则其或由他人再转赠与享用，则仍无过。若养学者、沙玛内拉等之赠与，供养者及受养者亦无过。以上言语，实为归纳总括。
556.Dāpeti na detīti aññātikā aññena kenaci dāpeti taṃ gaṇhantassa anāpatti. Upanikkhipitvā detīti bhūmiyaṃ ṭhapetvā ‘‘idaṃ ayya tumhākaṃ dammī’’ti deti, evaṃ dinnaṃ ‘‘sādhu bhaginī’’ti sampaṭicchitvā tāya eva vā bhikkhuniyā aññena vā kenaci paṭiggahāpetvā bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Sikkhamānāya sāmaṇeriyāti etāsaṃ dadamānānaṃ gaṇhantassa anāpatti. Sesamettha uttānameva.
5「毛发竖起」者，行为，非无明解脱，非心的，须分辨过失，身之行为，心之三法，苦痛三种也。
Eḷakalomasamuṭṭhānaṃ – kiriyaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ, acittakaṃ, paṇṇattivajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, ticittaṃ, tivedananti.
9第一应巴底德萨尼。
Paṭhamapāṭidesanīyaṃ.
10二、第二应巴底德萨尼学处注释
2. Dutiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā
558五百五十八。在第二品，有谓「不宜触犯」等，应知指不宜触犯的字句。
558. Dutiye – apasakka tāva bhaginītiādi apasādetabbākāradassanaṃ.
561五百六十一。若自他供养，若虽自供养，则依此戒无过失，依前戒有过失；若供他不供己，若虽供则依此戒有过失。欲施予者既非依此戒，亦非依前戒。有余皆如名解。于咖提那聚会者，是行为与非行为，非无明解脱，非心，须分辨过失，身之行为，语之行为，心三法，苦痛三种也。
561.Attano bhattaṃ dāpeti na detīti ettha sacepi attano bhattaṃ deti, iminā sikkhāpadena anāpattiyeva, purimasikkhāpadena āpatti. Aññesaṃ bhattaṃ deti na dāpetīti ettha sacepi dāpeyya, iminā sikkhāpadena āpatti bhaveyya. Dentiyā pana neva iminā na purimena āpatti. Sesamettha uttānameva. Kathinasamuṭṭhānaṃ – kiriyākiriyaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ, acittakaṃ, paṇṇattivajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, ticittaṃ, tivedananti.
13第二应巴底德萨尼。
Dutiyapāṭidesanīyaṃ.
14三、第三应巴底德萨尼学处注释
3. Tatiyapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā
562五百六十二。第三，谓二者皆得净者，即男信女信。依此家族男女皆得生入流果。谓财富随丧，若此家有七千万财，则随财富丧失。为何？因此处无女人亦无男人护财。
562. Tatiye – ubhatopasannanti dvīhi pasannaṃ upāsakenapi upāsikāyapi. Tasmiṃ kira kule ubhopi te sotāpannāyeva. Bhogena hāyatīti edisañhi kulaṃ sacepi asītikoṭidhanaṃ hoti, bhogehi hāyatiyeva. Kasmā? Yasmā tattha neva upāsikā na upāsako bhoge rakkhati.
569五百六十九。谓从家中携去，即从坐所或住处取去。若是未来时，于比丘第一次携去，置门口，后续取回，是常事。见比丘由内室携去，正施与时不可取回，称为大惊奇。有余皆如名解。「毛发竖起」者，行为，非无明解脱，非心，须分辨过失，身之行为，语之行为，心三法，苦痛三种也。
569.Gharato nīharitvā dentīti āsanasālaṃ vā vihāraṃ vā ānetvā denti. Sacepi anāgate bhikkhumhi paṭhamaṃyeva nīharitvā dvāre ṭhapetvā pacchā sampattassa denti, vaṭṭati. Bhikkhuṃ pana disvā antogehato nīharitvā diyyamānaṃ na vaṭṭatīti mahāpaccariyaṃ vuttaṃ. Sesamettha uttānameva . Eḷakalomasamuṭṭhānaṃ – kiriyaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ, acittakaṃ, paṇṇattivajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ ticittaṃ, tivedananti.
17第三应巴底德萨尼竟。
Tatiyapāṭidesanīyaṃ.
184. 第四应巴底德萨尼学处注释
4. Catutthapāṭidesanīyasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā
570五百七十。第四，谓为阻碍者，即互为阻碍。
570. Catutthe – avaruddhā hontīti paṭiviruddhā honti.
573所谓五事知悉，是指在五种同法中，凡是托付处所的供养食物与主食等，皆应知悉。有些是完全知悉，有些则不完全知悉。所谓精舍，即附设精舍之处。即那林中比丘宿处和其附属物，都应知悉；由此知悉从精舍出去，在空隙处见到比丘或见到村落来人，也应知悉；若有疑惑者，应说明疑惑为何。贼人居于精舍不能说“这是我等之处”，此言是辩白之用。所谓贼人应受惩罚是因他们在此处修行，何以应受惩罚？是因为他们盗取供养人的财物，这是辩白之故。
573.Pañcannaṃ paṭisaṃviditanti pañcasu sahadhammikesu yaṃkiñci pesetvā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ āharissāmāti paṭisaṃviditaṃ katampi appaṭisaṃviditamevāti attho. Ārāmaṃ ārāmūpacāraṃ ṭhapetvāti āraññakasenāsanārāmañca tassa upacārañca ṭhapetvā; upacārato nikkhantaṃ antarāmagge bhikkhuṃ disvā vā gāmaṃ āgatassa vā paṭisaṃviditaṃ katampi appaṭisaṃviditameva hotīti veditabbaṃ. Sace sāsaṅkaṃ hoti sāsaṅkanti ācikkhitabbanti kasmā ācikkhitabbaṃ? Ārāme core vasante amhākaṃ nārocentīti vacanapaṭimocanatthaṃ. Corā vattabbā manussā idhūpacarantīti kasmā vattabbaṃ? Attano upaṭṭhākehi amhe gaṇhāpentīti vacanapaṭimocanatthaṃ.
12所谓耶龟已明了其所属家族，即将其家产取来使用，这种知悉已成。对于“纯净的耶龟”，意指在接受供养食物之前，必须先明了其所属家族，据此才能判断食物来源的纯净。他听说阿苏家族的耶龟已经明了其家族，取用食物前往，其他人同样依此规则取食，其进食行为成立。耶龟已经明了则修持其家族的义务，曾有古人传言解释此理。
Yāguyā paṭisaṃvidite tassā parivāro āhariyyatīti yāguyā paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā ‘‘kiṃ suddhayāguyā dinnāya pūvabhattādīnipi etissā yāguyā parivāraṃ katvā dassāmā’’ti evaṃ yaṃ kiñci āharanti, sabbaṃ paṭisaṃviditameva hoti. Bhattena paṭisaṃviditetiādīsupi eseva nayo. Asukaṃ nāma kulaṃ paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā khādanīyādīni gahetvā gacchatīti sutvā aññānipi tena saddhiṃ attano deyyadhammaṃ āharanti, vaṭṭati. Yāguyā paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā pūvaṃ vā bhattaṃ vā āharanti, etampi vaṭṭatīti kurundiyaṃ vuttaṃ.
575所谓病人，即使未明了病人的情况，对病人的食物也无失罪。明了或未明了病人的状况，只要食物已相互共享，称作明了，其他人也可以共享该食物。若食物经过多人分享，为了避免争执，应解除供养地的限制。病人用剩的食物情况也是这样。若未明了而由外地送来，须重新明了后方可供养，若比丘或外来者到中间供养处取食，亦须像以前一样重新明了。此处生时食物属精舍，原料及副食等由他人按规定取得所施用，不造成失戒。若带出乡村后经烹调给予取用，则不允许，必须明了后方可。知悉必须按此规矩。该处其他剩余食物亦是相同道理。
575.Gilānassāti appaṭisaṃviditepi gilānassa anāpatti. Paṭisaṃvidite vā gilānassa vā sesakanti ekassatthāya paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā āhaṭaṃ, tassa sesakaṃ aññassāpi bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati. Catunnaṃ pañcannaṃ vā paṭisaṃviditaṃ katvā bahuṃ āhaṭaṃ hoti, aññesampi dātuṃ icchanti, etampi paṭisaṃviditasesakameva, sabbesampi vaṭṭati. Atha adhikameva hoti, sannidhiṃ mocetvā ṭhapitaṃ dutiyadivasepi vaṭṭati. Gilānassa āhaṭāvasesepi eseva nayo. Yaṃ pana appaṭisaṃviditameva katvā ābhataṃ, taṃ bahiārāmaṃ pesetvā paṭisaṃviditaṃ kāretvā āharāpetabbaṃ, bhikkhūhi vā gantvā antarāmagge gahetabbaṃ. Yampi vihāramajjhena gacchantā vā vanacarakādayo vā vanato āharitvā denti, purimanayeneva paṭisaṃviditaṃ kāretabbaṃ. Tatthajātakanti ārāme jātakameva; mūlakhādanīyādiṃ aññena kappiyaṃ katvā dinnaṃ paribhuñjato anāpatti. Sace pana taṃ gāmaṃ haritvā pacitvā āharanti, na vaṭṭati. Paṭisaṃviditaṃ kāretabbaṃ. Sesamettha uttānameva.
14关于乞衣聚会，包括施作仪式非故意行为、非明显过失、文字诽谤、身体动作、语言行为、心念三种痛苦：即三重苦痛。
Kathinasamuṭṭhānaṃ – kiriyākiriyaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ, acittakaṃ, paṇṇattivajjaṃ, kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, ticittaṃ, tivedananti.
24第四应巴底德萨尼竟。
Catutthapāṭidesanīyaṃ .
25《善见律注》律藏注释中
Samantapāsādikāya vinayasaṃvaṇṇanāya
26应巴底德萨尼注释已竟。
Pāṭidesanīyavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
27应巴底德萨尼篇已竟。
Pāṭidesanīyakaṇḍaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.