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21. 毗婆尸佛世系之解释

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121. 毗婆尸佛种姓注释
21. Vipassībuddhavaṃsavaṇṇanā
1在弗沙佛之后,又经过了一个中间劫,当此劫过去后,从现今起算第九十一劫时,那位超越一切时期、一心只求利益他人(parahitaniratasaṅkappa)、于一切处皆洞察无遗的导师,名为「毗婆尸」者,出现于世间。他圆满所有波罗蜜后,在由众多宝石与摩尼珠光闪耀的宫殿——兜率天宫化生,从彼处死后,下生至槃头摩帝城,入于多亲族(Bandhumant)之王、名为槃度摩的王后——即槃头摩帝王后的母胎结生。满十个月后,他在安稳的鹿野苑(Khema Migadāya),如从乌云中脱颖而出的满月般,从母胎中降生。在取名之日,占相师与亲属们由于他不间断地、在无眨眼造成的黑暗间断中昼夜都能清澈地见物,或因其睁开双眼即能观察,于是为他取名「毗婆尸」(Vipassī,意为“全面观见”)。又有一种说法称:「因为他分析再分析而观察(viceyya viceyya passati),所以称为『毗婆尸』。」他安享在家生活八千年,拥有三座宫殿,名为难陀、苏难达和西利摩。
Phussassa buddhassa aparabhāge sāntarakappe tasmiñca kappe vītivatte ito ekanavutikappe vijitasabbakappo parahitaniratasaṅkappo sabbattha vipassī vipassī nāma satthā loke udapādi. So pāramiyo pūretvā anekaratanamaṇivisarasamujjotitabhavane tusitabhavane nibbattitvā tato cavitvā bandhumatīnagare anekabandhumato bandhumato rañño bandhumatiyā nāma aggamahesiyā kucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi. So dasannaṃ māsānaṃ accayena kheme migadāye mātudarato asitanīradarājito puṇṇacando viya nikkhami. Nāmaggahaṇadivase panassa lakkhaṇapāṭhakā ñātakā ca divā ca rattiñca antarantarā nimmisasañjanitandhakāravirahena visuddhaṃ passanti, vivaṭehi vā akkhīhi passatīti ‘‘vipassī’’ti nāmamakaṃsu. ‘‘Viceyya viceyya passatīti vipassī’’ti vadanti. So aṭṭhavassasahassāni agāraṃ ajjhāvasi. Nanda-sunanda-sirimānāmakā tayo cassa pāsādā ahesuṃ.
2以善见天后(Sudassanādevī)为首的女性,有十二万人。善见天后也被称为“苗条的”(Sutanū)。他度过八千年后,目睹四种相兆,在善见天后为他生下名为萨玛瓦达坎达(Samavaṭṭakkhandha)的儿子之后,便乘坐良马宝车、发大出离之行,出家而去。有八万四千人追随他出家。这位大人被众人环绕,精进修行八个月后,于毗舍佉月圆日,享用了善见长者之女所供养的蜜乳饭,并在鲜花装饰的娑罗树林中度过日间休憩,随后接受了名为善生(Sujāta)的牧麦人供养的八握草,目睹了庄严的喇叭花菩提树,便从南面走向它。
Sudassanādevippamukhānaṃ itthīnaṃ satasahassaṃ vīsati ca sahassāni ahesuṃ. ‘‘Sutanū’’tipi sudassanā vuccati. So aṭṭhavassasahassānaṃ accayena cattāri nimittāni disvā sutanudeviyā samavaṭṭakkhandhe nāma tanaye jāte ājaññarathena mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā pabbaji. Taṃ purisānaṃ caturāsītisatasahassāni anupabbajiṃsu. So tehi parivuto mahāpuriso aṭṭhamāsaṃ padhānacariyaṃ caritvā visākhapuṇṇamāya sudassanaseṭṭhidhītāya dinnaṃ madhupāyāsaṃ paribhuñjitvā kusumasamalaṅkate sālavane divāvihāraṃ katvā sujātena nāma yavapālakena dinnā aṭṭha tiṇamuṭṭhiyo gahetvā pāṭalibodhiṃ samalaṅkataṃ disvā dakkhiṇadisābhāgena taṃ upāgami.
3那天,这棵喇叭花树的树干高五十肘,直挺向上;枝条高五十肘,整棵树高达一百肘。就在同一天,这棵喇叭花树从根部到全体,都披满了如同串串耳环般、散发着极致芬芳的花朵。天香四溢;而且不单是这一棵树开花,一万个轮围世界中的所有喇叭花树都同时绽放。不仅仅是喇叭花树,一万个轮围世界内的一切树木、灌木与藤蔓也都开了花。大海洋也被五色莲花、蓝莲、白莲和睡莲所覆盖,水变得清凉甘甜。整个一万个轮围世界的内部,处处张着幢幡与花环。到处撒落着花鬘串珠,大地遍布种种香花,弥漫着香粉形成的云雾。他走近菩提树,铺开长达五十三肘的草座,下定具足四支精进的决心,立下誓言:“若我未成佛陀,决不起离此座!”之后便跏趺而坐。如此坐下后,他击破了魔罗与其魔军,按道次第证得四道智、四果智、四无碍解、了知四生之判别智、了知五趣之判别智、四自信智、六不共智,并圆满成就了一切佛陀的功德,实现了圆满的心愿;他就坐在菩提座上——
Tassā pana pāṭaliyā samavaṭṭakkhandho taṃ divasaṃ paṇṇāsaratano hutvā abbhuggato sākhā paṇṇāsaratanā ubbedhena ratanasataṃ ahosi. Taṃdivasameva sā pāṭalī kaṇṇikābaddhehi viya pupphehi paramasurabhigandhehi mūlato paṭṭhāya sabbasañchannā ahosi. Dibbagandho vāyati, na kevalaṃ tadā ayameva pupphito, dasasahassi cakkavāḷesu sabbe pāṭaliyo pupphitāva. Na kevalaṃ pāṭaliyova, dasasahassicakkavāḷesu sabbarukkhagumbalatāyopi pupphiṃsu. Mahāsamuddopi pañcavaṇṇehi padumehi kuvalayuppalakumudehi sañchanno sītalamadhurasalilo ahosi. Sabbampi ca dasasahassi cakkavāḷabbhantaraṃ dhajamālākulaṃ ahosi. Tattha tattha paṭimālāgulavippakiṇṇaṃ nānāsurabhikusumasajjitadharaṇītalaṃ dhūpacuṇṇandhakāraṃ ahosi. Taṃ upagantvā tepaṇṇāsahatthavitthataṃ tiṇasantharaṃ santharitvā caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ vīriyaṃ adhiṭṭhāya – ‘‘yāva buddho na homi, tāva ito na uṭṭhahāmī’’ti paṭiññaṃ katvā nisīdi. Evaṃ nisīditvā samāraṃ mārabalaṃ vidhamitvā maggānukkamena cattāri maggañāṇāni maggānantaraṃ cattāri phalañāṇāni catasso paṭisambhidā catuyoniparicchedakañāṇaṃ pañcagatiparicchedakañāṇaṃ catuvesārajjañāṇāni cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni ca sakale ca buddhaguṇe hatthagate katvā paripuṇṇasaṅkappo bodhipallaṅke nisinnova –
4“经历了多生轮回……证得了渴爱的灭尽。”(《法句》153-154)
‘‘Anekajātisaṃsāraṃ…pe… taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā. (dha. pa. 153-154);
5就像铁砧被锤打时,燃烧的火焰;
‘‘Ayoghanahatasseva, jalato jātavedaso;
6当它逐渐止息后,去向便不可知。
Anupubbūpasantassa, yathā na ñāyate gati.
7同样,那些正确地解脱、渡越了欲缚和暴流的人;
‘‘Evaṃ sammā vimuttānaṃ, kāmabandhoghatārinaṃ;
8“没有去处可以施设,已达不动安稳者。”(《自说》80)——
Paññāpetuṃ gatī natthi, pattānaṃ acalaṃ sukha’’nti. (udā. 80) –
9说完这首感兴偈后,便在菩提树附近度过了七个七天。接受了梵天的劝请,观察到自己的异母弟堪达王子和国师之子提沙王子的得度因缘已经成熟,便飞升空中,降落在安稳的鹿野苑。他让守园人唤来两人,在他们的随从大众之中转了法轮。那时,无量天神得以领悟法义。因此颂曰:
Evaṃ udānaṃ udānetvā bodhisamīpeyeva sattasattāhaṃ vītināmetvā brahmāyācanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā attano vemātikassa bhātikassa khaṇḍakumārassa ca purohitaputtassa tissakumārassa ca upanissayasampattiṃ oloketvā ākāsena gantvā kheme migadāye otaritvā ubhopi te uyyānapālena pakkosāpetvā tesaṃ parivārānaṃ majjhe dhammacakkaṃ pavattesi. Tadā aparimitānaṃ devatānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
1一。
1.
11“弗沙佛之后,有一位正自觉者,是两足中的最上者;
‘‘Phussassa ca aparena, sambuddho dvipaduttamo;
12他名为毗婆尸,具足眼目,生于世间。”
Vipassī nāma nāmena, loke uppajji cakkhumā.
2二。
2.
14“摧毁了全部无明,证得了最上的正觉;
‘‘Avijjaṃ sabbaṃ padāletvā, patto sambodhimuttamaṃ;
15为了转法轮,前往了槃头摩帝城。”
Dhammacakkaṃ pavattetuṃ, pakkāmi bandhumatīpuraṃ.
3
3.
17“导师转动了正法轮,觉悟了两人;
‘‘Dhammacakkaṃ pavattetvā, ubho bodhesi nāyako;
18初次的现观,其数无法计算。”
Gaṇanāya na vattabbo, paṭhamābhisamayo ahū’’ti.
19其中,「padāletvā」一词意思即是「bhinditvā」(打破),指打破了无明的黑暗。又有一种读法作「Vattetvā cakkamārāme」(在鹿苑转动法轮),其中的「ārāme」意思是安稳的鹿野苑。「ubho bodhesi」(觉悟了两个人)是指觉悟了自己的幼弟——堪达王子,以及提沙祭官子这两位。「gaṇanāya na vattabbo」(不可计数)意思是,由于天神的现观,数量是没有限定的。
Tattha padāletvāti bhinditvā, avijjandhakāraṃ bhinditvāti attho. ‘‘Vattetvā cakkamārāme’’tipi pāṭho, tassa ārāmeti kheme migadāyeti attho. Ubho bodhesīti attano kaniṭṭhabhātikaṃ khaṇḍaṃ rājaputtaṃ tissañca purohitaputtanti ubho bodhesi. Gaṇanāya na vattabboti devatānaṃ abhisamayavasena gaṇanaparicchedo natthīti attho.
20后来,在另一个时候,让堪达王子、提沙国师之子以及跟随他们出家的八万四千位比丘饮用了甘露法。这是第二次现观。因此说:
Athāparena samayena khaṇḍaṃ rājaputtaṃ tissañca purohitaputtaṃ anupabbajitāni caturāsītibhikkhusahassāni dhammāmataṃ pāyesi. So dutiyo abhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
4
4.
22“接着,拥有无量声誉的导师,在那里宣说了谛;
‘‘Punāparaṃ amitayaso, tattha saccaṃ pakāsayi;
23八万四千众生获得了第二次现观。
Caturāsītisahassānaṃ, dutiyābhisamayo ahū’’ti.
24在这里,“Tattha tatthā”指安稳的鹿野苑。“八万四千人跟从正自觉者出家”这一句中,这八万四千人是指毗婆尸王子的侍从。他们早晨前来侍奉毗婆尸王子,没见到王子,便回去吃早饭,吃完早饭后问:“王子在哪里?”从那里听到“去园林了”,便想:“我们就在那里见他吧。”于是出发,见到归来的御者,得知“王子出家了”,便在听到消息的地方解下所有饰物,从市场取来袈裟衣,剃除须发,出家了。出家之后,他们前去围绕在大人身边。
Tattha tatthāti kheme migadāyeti attho. ‘‘Caturāsītisahassāni, sambuddhamanupabbaju’’nti ettha ete pana caturāsītisahassasaṅkhātā purisā vipassissa kumārassa upaṭṭhākapurisāyeva. Te pātova vipassikumārassa upaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā kumāramadisvā pātarāsatthāya gantvā bhuttapātarāsā ‘‘kuhiṃ kumāro’’ti pucchitvā tato ‘‘uyyānabhūmiṃ gato’’ti sutvā ‘‘tattheva naṃ dakkhissāmā’’ti nikkhantā nivattamānaṃ tassa sārathiṃ disvā ‘‘kumāro pabbajito’’ti sutvā sutaṭṭhāneyeva sabbābharaṇāni muñcitvā antarāpaṇato kāsāyāni vatthāni āharāpetvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā pabbajiṃsu. Pabbajitvā ca te gantvā mahāpurisaṃ parivārayiṃsu.
25随后,毗婆尸菩萨想:“我在修精进行时仍然与人杂居而住,这实在不合适。从前这些在家人就围绕着我而行,现在依然如此,这个群体还有什么意义呢?”他厌倦了群聚,心想:“今天就走吧。”但又想:“今天时间不合适,如果今天离去,他们全都会知道,还是明天走吧。”当天,在一个类似优楼频螺村的村庄,村民们邀请大人及其眷属明日应供。他们为那八万四千人和大人备办了乳粥。随后,毗婆尸大人于次日——毗舍佉月满月日,在那个村庄与那些出家人一同用饭后,回到住处。在那里,那些出家人向大人行礼后,各自回到自己的夜间和日间住处。
Tato vipassī bodhisatto ‘‘padhānacariyaṃ caranto ākiṇṇo viharāmi, na kho panametaṃ pātirūpaṃ yatheva maṃ ime gihibhūtā pubbe parivāretvā caranti, idānipi tatheva kiṃ iminā gaṇenā’’ti gaṇasaṅgaṇikāya ukkaṇṭhitvā ‘‘ajjeva gacchāmī’’ti cintetvā puna – ‘‘ajja avelā, sace panāhaṃ ajja gamissāmi, sabbepime jānissanti, sveva gamissāmī’’ti cintesi. Taṃdivasañca uruvelagāmasadise ekasmiṃ gāme gāmavāsino manussā svātanāya saddhiṃ parisāya mahāpurisaṃ nimantayiṃsu. Te tesaṃ caturāsītisahassānaṃ mahāpurisassa ca pāyāsameva paṭiyādayiṃsu. Atha vipassī mahāpuriso punadivase visākhapuṇṇamāya tasmiṃ gāme tehi pabbajitajanehi saddhiṃ bhattakiccaṃ katvā vasanaṭṭhānameva agamāsi. Tatra te pabbajitā mahāpurisassa vattaṃ dassetvā attano attano rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānāni pavisiṃsu.
26菩萨也进入茅屋坐下,心想:“这是出发的时候了。”便出来,关好茅屋门,面向菩提道场走去。据说那些出家人傍晚时前去侍奉菩萨,围坐在茅屋周围,说道:“天色已晚,请注意。”打开茅屋门不见菩萨,也没有去寻找,只是说:“大人大概是厌倦了群居生活,想要独处,等到他成佛时我们再去见他吧。”于是朝着阎浮提内陆方向游行而去。后来,他们听说“毗婆尸证得佛果后转动了法轮”,便逐渐都聚集到了槃头摩帝王城的安稳鹿野苑。那时,世尊为他们说法,八万四千比丘获得了法的现观。这是第三次现观。因此说道:
Bodhisattopi paṇṇasālaṃ pavisitvā nisinno cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ kālo nikkhamitu’’nti nikkhamitvā paṇṇasāladvāraṃ pidahitvā bodhimaṇḍābhimukho pāyāsi. Te kira pabbajitā sāyaṃ bodhisattassa upaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā paṇṇasālaṃ parivāretvā nisinnā – ‘‘ativikālo jāto upadhārethā’’ti vatvā paṇṇasāladvāraṃ vivaritvā taṃ apassantāpi ‘‘kuhiṃ nu gato mahāpuriso’’ti nānubandhiṃsu. ‘‘Gaṇavāse nibbinno eko viharitukāmo maññe mahāpuriso buddhabhūtaṃyeva taṃ passissāmā’’ti antojambudīpābhimukhā cārikaṃ pakkamiṃsu. Atha te – ‘‘vipassinā kira buddhattaṃ patvā dhammacakkaṃ pavattita’’nti sutvā anukkamena sabbe te pabbajitā bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā kheme migadāye sannipatiṃsu. Tato tesaṃ bhagavā dhammaṃ desesi, tadā caturāsītiyā bhikkhusahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi. So tatiyo abhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
5五。
5.
28“八万四千人,跟从正自觉者出家。”
‘‘Caturāsītisahassāni, sambuddhaṃ anupabbajuṃ;
29对于已到达适宜之处的他们,具眼者说法。
Tesamārāmapattānaṃ, dhammaṃ desesi cakkhumā.
6六。
6.
31以一切方式说法,听闻后亲近依止者。
‘‘Sabbākārena bhāsato, sutvā upanisādino;
32他们前往殊胜的法,这就是第三次现观。
Tepi dhammavaraṃ gantvā, tatiyābhisamayo ahū’’ti.
33在这里,「八万四千人,跟从正自觉者出家」这一句,由于‘anu’这个词的语法关系,应当把‘正自觉者’理解为受格,意思是‘在正自觉者之后出家’。语法特征要从声明学中去了知。还有读作‘Tattha ārāmapattānaṃ’的版本。‘Bhāsato’意思是‘说者的’,即正在说的时候。‘Upanisādino’意思是‘前往亲近之后,施与法施’。‘Tepi’指就是那八万四千位出家人,他们是毗婆尸佛的侍者。‘Gantvā’意思是‘了知他的法’。就这样,这是他们的第三次现观。在安稳鹿野苑,毗婆尸佛、正自觉者坐在六十八万位比丘中间——包括两位上首弟子以及那些随他出家的比丘——这样说道:
Tattha caturāsītisahassāni, sambuddhaṃ anupabbajunti ettha anunā yogato sambuddhanti upayogavacanaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ, sambuddhassa pacchā pabbajiṃsūti attho. Lakkhaṇaṃ saddasatthato gahetabbaṃ. ‘‘Tattha ārāmapattāna’’ntipi pāṭho. Bhāsatoti vadato. Upanisādinoti gantvā upanissāya dhammadānaṃ dadatoti attho. Tepīti te caturāsītisahassasaṅkhātā pabbajitā vipassissa upaṭṭhākabhūtā. Gantvāti tassa dhammaṃ ñatvā. Evaṃ tesaṃ tatiyo abhisamayo ahosi. Kheme migadāye vipassīsammāsambuddhaṃ dve ca aggasāvake anupabbajitānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ aṭṭhasaṭṭhisatasahassānaṃ majjhe nisinno vipassī bhagavā –
34忍辱、堪忍是最高的苦行,佛陀们说涅槃是最殊胜的;
‘‘Khantīparamaṃ tapo titikkhā, nibbānaṃ paramaṃ vadanti buddhā;
35因为出家人不会伤害他人,沙门不会烦扰他人。
Na hi pabbajito parūpaghātī, na samaṇo hoti paraṃ viheṭhayanto.
36一切恶都不做,一切善都具足;
‘‘Sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ, kusalassa upasampadā;
37净化自心,这就是诸佛的教法。
Sacittapariyodapanaṃ, etaṃ buddhāna sāsanaṃ.
38不诽谤,不伤害,守护巴帝摩卡;
‘‘Anūpavādo anūpaghāto, pātimokkhe ca saṃvaro;
39饮食知量,以及僻静的坐卧处;
Mattaññutā ca bhattasmiṃ, pantañca sayanāsanaṃ;
40以及增上心的修习,这就是诸佛的教法。
Adhicitte ca āyogo, etaṃ buddhāna sāsana’’nti. (dī. ni. 2.90; dha. pa. 183, 184, 185) –
41他诵出了这巴帝摩卡。应知这些便是过去一切诸佛用来教诫巴帝摩卡的偈颂。那一次便是第一次集会。之后,有十万比丘因目睹了双神变而出家,便有了第二次集会。然而,当毗婆尸佛的三位异母兄弟平定边境归来,为了向世尊履行侍奉的义务而获得了许可,便引导世尊前往他们的都城。他们在供养承事时听受了世尊的教法,随后也出家了。世尊坐在那八万比丘之中,于安稳的鹿野苑中诵出巴帝摩卡,那便成了第三次集会。因此,经中说:
Imaṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisi. Imā pana sabbabuddhānaṃ pātimokkhuddesagāthāyo hontīti veditabbaṃ. So paṭhamo sannipāto ahosi. Puna yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ disvā pabbajitānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ satasahassānaṃ dutiyo sannipāto ahosi. Yadā pana vipassissa vemātikā tayo bhātaro paccantaṃ vūpasametvā bhagavato upaṭṭhānakiriyāya laddhavarā hutvā attano nagaraṃ netvā upaṭṭhahantā tassa dhammaṃ sutvā pabbajiṃsu. Tesaṃ asītisatasahassānaṃ majjhe nisīditvā bhagavā kheme migadāye pātimokkhaṃ uddisi, so tatiyo sannipāto ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
7
7.
43大仙毗婆尸佛,曾有三次集会;
‘‘Sannipātā tayo āsuṃ, vipassissa mahesino;
44与会大众,都是诸漏尽者、无垢者、心寂静者、如如者。
Khīṇāsavānaṃ vimalānaṃ, santacittāna tādinaṃ.
8
8.
46六十八万比丘,这是第一次集会。
‘‘Aṭṭhasaṭṭhisatasahassānaṃ, paṭhamo āsi samāgamo;
47十万比丘,这是第二次集会。
Bhikkhusatasahassānaṃ, dutiyo āsi samāgamo.
9九。
9.
49“八万比丘的第三次集会;”
‘‘Asītibhikkhusahassānaṃ, tatiyo āsi samāgamo;
50“在比丘大众之中,正自觉者显得格外超群出众。”
Tattha bhikkhugaṇamajjhe, sambuddho atirocatī’’ti.
51其中,「aṭṭhasaṭṭhisatasahassānaṃ」(六十八个十万)的意思是比十万还要多出六万八千位的比丘。「于彼处」(tattha)是指在那安稳的鹿野苑中。「于比丘众之中」(bhikkhugaṇamajjhe)是指在比丘大众的中间。另外有一个异读「于彼比丘众之中」(tassa bhikkhugaṇamajjhe),它的意思就是“在那比丘大众的中间”。
Tattha aṭṭhasaṭṭhisatasahassānanti aṭṭhasaṭṭhisahassādhikānaṃ satasahassabhikkhūnanti attho. Tatthāti tattha kheme migadāye. Bhikkhugaṇamajjheti bhikkhugaṇassa majjhe. ‘‘Tassa bhikkhugaṇamajjhe’’tipi pāṭho, tassa bhikkhugaṇassa majjheti attho.
52那时,我们的菩萨是一位有大神力和大威力的龙王,名叫无等(Atulo),有着不可计数的百千俱胝龙众围绕。为了向拥有十力、无与伦比的戒行和清凉悲心的世尊及其眷属表达恭敬,他让人建造了一座七宝所成、如同月轮般明净、令人赏心悦目的精华圆亭,请佛陀坐在里面,连续七天以与天界财富相应的方式作了大布施,然后将一个镶嵌七宝、价值极高、黄金制成、闪耀着种种宝石光芒的宝座献给世尊。那时,世尊在赞叹宝座之后,为他授记说:“这个人将在九十一劫后成佛。”因此有偈颂这样说——
Tadā amhākaṃ bodhisatto mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo atulo nāma nāgarājā hutvā anekanāgakoṭisatasahassaparivāro hutvā saparivārassa dasabalassa asamabalasīlassa karuṇāsītalahadayassa sakkārakaraṇatthaṃ sattaratanamayaṃ candamaṇḍalasaṅkāsaṃ daṭṭhabbasāramaṇḍaṃ maṇḍapaṃ kāretvā tattha nisīdāpetvā sattāhaṃ dibbavibhavānurūpaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā sattaratanakhacitaṃ mahārahaṃ suvaṇṇamayaṃ nānāmaṇijutivisarasamujjalaṃ pīṭhaṃ bhagavato adāsi. Tadā naṃ pīṭhānumodanāvasāne ‘‘ito ayaṃ ekanavutikappe buddho bhavissatī’’ti byākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ –
10十。
10.
54“那时,我是一个有大神力的龙王;”
‘‘Ahaṃ tena samayena, nāgarājā mahiddhiko;
55“名叫无等,拥有福德,身具光辉。”
Atulo nāma nāmena, puññavanto jutindharo.
11十一
11.
57那时,我被无数俱胝龙众围绕,
‘‘Nekānaṃ nāgakoṭīnaṃ, parivāretvānahaṃ tadā;
58演奏着天界乐器,我走向世间最上者。
Vajjanto dibbaturiyehi, lokajeṭṭhaṃ upāgamiṃ.
12十二
12.
60我走近了正自觉者、世间导师毗婆尸佛,
‘‘Upasaṅkamitvā sambuddhaṃ, vipassiṃ lokanāyakaṃ;
61把一个用摩尼宝、珍珠和宝物镶嵌,以一切装饰品庄严的宝座献上。
Maṇimuttaratanakhacitaṃ, sabbābharaṇabhūsitaṃ;
62我邀请了法王,并献上了金座。
Nimantetvā dhammarājassa, suvaṇṇapīṭhamadāsahaṃ.
13十三
13.
64那位佛陀也于僧团中坐下后,为我授记:
‘‘Sopi maṃ buddho byākāsi, saṅghamajjhe nisīdiya;
65从今以后第九十一劫,此人将成为佛陀。
Ekanavutito kappe, ayaṃ buddho bhavissati.
14十四。
14.
67从可爱的迦毗罗卫城出家后,如来
‘‘Ahu kapilavhayā rammā, nikkhamitvā tathāgato;
68他精勤努力,修习了难行苦行。
Padhānaṃ padahitvāna, katvā dukkarakārikaṃ.
15十五。
15.
70在阿迦波罗树下坐定,如来
‘‘Ajapālarukkhamūlasmiṃ, nisīditvā tathāgato;
71于彼处捧持乳粥,前往尼连禅河畔。
Tattha pāyāsaṃ paggayha, nerañjaramupehiti.
16十六。
16.
73在尼连禅河岸边,胜者食用了乳粥。
‘‘Nerañjarāya tīramhi, pāyāsaṃ ada so jino;
74沿着已经准备好的殊胜道路,前往觉悟树下。
Paṭiyattavaramaggena, bodhimūlamupehiti.
17十七。
17.
76然后,无上者向右绕行觉悟坛场,
‘‘Tato padakkhiṇaṃ katvā, bodhimaṇḍaṃ anuttaro;
77这位大名闻者将在阿萨陀树下证悟正觉。
Assatthamūle sambodhiṃ, bujjhissati mahāyaso.
18十八。
18.
79这位的母亲,将名叫摩耶。
‘‘Imassa janikā mātā, māyā nāma bhavissati;
80这位的父亲,名叫净饭;他将来就是乔达摩。
Pitā suddhodano nāma, ayaṃ hessati gotamo.
19十九。
19.
82他们是漏尽、离贪、心寂静、得定者;
‘‘Anāsavā vītarāgā, santacittā samāhitā;
83果利答与伍巴提沙这两位,将成为他的上首声闻弟子;
Kolito upatisso ca, aggā hessanti sāvakā;
84名叫阿难的,将是他的侍者,他会侍奉这位胜利者。
Ānando nāmupaṭṭhāko, upaṭṭhissatimaṃ jinaṃ.
20二十。
20.
86谶摩与莲华色这两位,将成为他的上首声闻女弟子;
‘‘Khemā uppalavaṇṇā ca, aggā hessanti sāvikā;
87她们是漏尽、离贪、心寂静、得定者;
Anāsavā vītarāgā, santacittā samāhitā;
88那位世尊的菩提树,被称为阿萨陀树……(省略)……
Bodhi tassa bhagavato, assatthoti pavuccati…pe….
23二十三。
23.
90听了他的话,我的心变得更加净信。
‘‘Tassāhaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā, bhiyyo cittaṃ pasādayiṃ;
91我决意受持更上的誓愿,为了圆满十种波罗蜜。
Uttariṃ vatamadhiṭṭhāsiṃ, dasapāramipūriyā’’ti.
92在这里,「puññavanto(有福者)」就是指有福德的人,意思是已经累积了福德资粮的人。「Jutindharo(持光者)」就是与光辉结合、具足光明的人。「nekānaṃ nāgakoṭīnaṃ(无量亿那伽众)」是指由无量亿的那伽众围绕,此处的属格应理解为表动作主体的意思。「parivāretvāna(围绕已)」是围绕世尊之后。「ahaṃ(我)」是指称自己。「vajjanto(弹奏着)」是指正在演奏、击打着乐器。「maṇimuttaratanakhacitaṃ(镶嵌着摩尼、珍珠等宝物的)」意思是,以摩尼宝珠、珍珠等各种宝物所镶嵌的。「sabbābharaṇabhūsitaṃ(以一切庄严具装饰的)」意思是,以一切装饰品,诸如猛兽形态等宝饰,所庄严的。「suvaṇṇapīṭhaṃ(金座)」是指金制的座椅。「adāsaṃ ahaṃ(我施与了)」是说我布施了。
Tattha puññavantoti puññavā, samupacitapuññasañcayoti attho. Jutindharoti pabhāyutto. Nekānaṃ nāgakoṭīnanti anekāhi nāgakoṭīhi, karaṇatthe sāmivacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Parivāretvānāti bhagavantaṃ parivāretvā. Ahanti attānaṃ niddisati. Vajjantoti vādento tāḷento. Maṇimuttaratanakhacitanti maṇimuttādīhi vividhehi ratanehi khacitanti attho. Sabbābharaṇabhūsitanti sabbābharaṇehi vāḷarūpādīhi ratanamayehi maṇḍitanti attho. Suvaṇṇapīṭhanti suvaṇṇamayaṃ pīṭhaṃ. Adāsahanti adāsiṃ ahaṃ.
93那位毗婆尸佛世尊,他的都城名叫槃头摩帝。父亲是刹帝利国王槃头摩,母亲名叫槃头摩帝,两位上首弟子是羇陈如和底沙,侍者名叫无忧,两位上首比丘尼是月女和月友,喇叭花树是他的菩提树,佛身高达八十肘,佛身光恒时普照七由旬,寿命有八万岁,他的首席王后名叫苗条的,王子名叫善相轮,最后由胜车出城修行。因此,接下来这样说:
Tassa pana vipassissa bhagavato bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi. Bandhumā nāma rājā pitā, bandhumatī nāma mātā, khaṇḍo ca tisso ca dve aggasāvakā, asoko nāmupaṭṭhāko, candā ca candamittā ca dve aggasāvikā, pāṭalirukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ asītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, sarīrappabhā sabbakālaṃ satta yojanāni pharitvā aṭṭhāsi asītivassasahassāni āyu, sutanu nāmassa aggamahesī, samavaṭṭakkhandho nāmassa putto, ājaññarathena nikkhami. Tena vuttaṃ –
24二十四。
24.
95都城名叫槃头摩帝,那里的国王名叫槃头摩,是刹帝利;
‘‘Nagaraṃ bandhumatī nāma, bandhumā nāma khattiyo;
96大仙毗婆尸佛的母亲,名字叫做槃头摩帝。
Mātā bandhumatī nāma, vipassissa mahesino.
29二十九。
29.
98骞荼和名叫底沙的两位,成为了上首弟子;
‘‘Khaṇḍo ca tissanāmo ca, ahesuṃ aggasāvakā;
99大仙毗婆尸佛的侍者,名字叫做无忧。
Asoko nāmupaṭṭhāko, vipassissa mahesino.
30三十。
30.
101月女和月友两位,成为了上首女弟子;
‘‘Candā ca candamittā ca, ahesuṃ aggasāvikā;
102那位世尊的觉悟之树,被称为喇叭花树。
Bodhi tassa bhagavato, pāṭalīti pavuccati.
32三十二。
32.
104毗婆尸佛,这位世间导师,身高达到八十肘。
‘‘Asītihatthamubbedho, vipassī lokanāyako;
105他的身光向四面八方散去,遍及七由旬的范围。
Pabhā niddhāvatī tassa, samantā sattayojane.
33三十三。
33.
107佛陀的寿命刚好是八万岁。
‘‘Asītivassasahassāni, āyu buddhassa tāvade;
108在他住世的这段岁月里,他度化了许多众生。
Tāvatā tiṭṭhamāno so, tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.
34三十四。
34.
110他使众多天神和人类从束缚中解脱出来。
‘‘Bahudevamanussānaṃ, bandhanā parimocayi;
111并向剩下的凡夫们开示了什么是道与非道。
Maggāmaggañca ācikkhi, avasesaputhujjane.
35三十五
35.
113显示了光明之后,他教导了不死句。
‘‘Ālokaṃ dassayitvāna, desetvā amataṃ padaṃ;
114就像火堆燃烧之后熄灭一样,他与弟子们一同般涅槃了。
Jalitvā aggikkhandhova, nibbuto so sasāvako.
36三十六
36.
116胜妙的神力、胜妙的福德,以及种种相好都曾绽放。
‘‘Iddhivaraṃ puññavaraṃ, lakkhaṇañca kusumitaṃ;
117那一切都已消失,不是吗?一切诸行确实是空无的。
Sabbaṃ tamantarahitaṃ, nanu rittā sabbasaṅkhārā’’ti.
118这里,「束缚」是指:他使天、人从欲贪结缚等束缚中解脱出来,也就是“开脱”的意思。「开示道与非道」是指:他向其余凡夫开示——“为了证得不死,这是道,是远离断见和常见的中道正道;那种让身体受苦之类的,并不是道。”「显示了光明之后」是指:显示了道智的光明和观智的光明之后。「相与绽放」是指:世尊的身体以质多相等相而绽放、庄严。其余的偈颂,在一切处意义都很明显。
Tattha bandhanāti devamanusse kāmarāgasaṃyojanādibandhanā mocesi, vikāsesīti attho. Maggāmaggañca ācikkhīti ‘‘amatādhigamāya ayaṃ maggo ucchedasassatadiṭṭhivirahitā majjhimā paṭipadā maggo kāyakilamathādiko nāyaṃ maggo’’ti sesaputhujjane ācikkhīti attho. Ālokaṃ dassayitvānāti maggañāṇālokaṃ vipassanāñāṇālokañca dassayitvā. Lakkhaṇañca kusumitanti cittalakkhaṇādīhi phullitaṃ maṇḍitaṃ bhagavato sarīranti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha gāthāsu uttānamevāti.
120毗婆尸佛种姓经注释终了。
Vipassībuddhavaṃsavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
121第十九《佛种姓经》结束。
Niṭṭhito ekūnavīsatimo buddhavaṃso.