← 文献总目录

8. 龙沙玛喇品义注

s0510a.att8 · 静态文献页 · 45 段 · 打开交互阅读器

1第八品 龙萨马拉品
8. Nāgasamālavaggo
2一、龙萨马拉长老譬喻的注释
1. Nāgasamālattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
1“阿帕他利花我……”等开头,是具寿龙萨马拉长老的譬喻。这位长老在过去诸佛那里累积了功德,在种种生命中积聚导向涅槃的福德。在尸弃世尊的时代,他出生于某个家庭,长大后过着居家生活。因为缺少与善知识交往的缘分,在导师住世时未能见到、听闻或礼拜;等到导师般涅槃后,他将世尊的遗体舍利安放好,在建造的塔庙处心生净信,用阿帕他利花供养,满怀喜悦,度过了余生。凭着这份喜悦,他从那里命终后,投生到兜率天等六层欲界天中享受快乐;后来投生人间,享受人间的福报。到现在佛陀出世时,他出生于某个家庭,长大后因为身体像龙树嫩叶般柔软,父母为他取名“龙萨马拉”。他对世尊生起净信,出家不久后便证得阿拉汉。
Āpāṭaliṃahaṃ pupphantiādikaṃ āyasmato nāgasamālattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto sikhissa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto gharāvāsaṃ saṇṭhapetvā tathārūpasajjanasaṃsaggassa alābhena satthari dharamānakāle dassanasavanapūjākammamakaritvā parinibbutakāle tassa bhagavato sārīrikadhātuṃ nidahitvā katacetiyamhi cittaṃ pasādetvā pāṭalipupphaṃ pūjetvā somanassaṃ uppādetvā yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā teneva somanassena tato kālaṃ kato tusitādīsu chasu devalokesu sukhamanubhavitvā aparabhāge manussesu manussasampattiṃ anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto nāgarukkhapallavakomaḷasadisasarīrattā nāgasamāloti mātāpitūhi katanāmadheyyo bhagavati pasanno pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
1后来,他回忆起自己的过去业行,心生喜悦,为了宣说过去生的譬喻,说出了“阿帕他利花我……”等语句。其中,「阿帕他利」(āpāṭaliṃ):指从四周或以恭敬心拿着阿帕他利花,我供奉于塔庙,意思是我作了供养。「于大路中被遗置」(Ujjhitaṃ sumahāpathe):为了所有城民的礼拜供养,在大路、城中央的街道上被建立起来,由砖和灰泥等筑成。其余部分如前所述,意思清楚,容易理解。
1. So pacchā attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento āpāṭaliṃ ahaṃ pupphantiādimāha. Tattha āpāṭalinti ā samantato, ādarena vā pāṭalipupphaṃ gahetvā ahaṃ thūpamhi abhiropesiṃ pūjesinti attho. Ujjhitaṃ sumahāpatheti sabbanagaravāsīnaṃ vandanapūjanatthāya mahāpathe nagaramajjhe vīthiyaṃ ujjhitaṃ uṭṭhāpitaṃ, iṭṭhakakammasudhākammādīhi nipphāditanti attho. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayattā uttānatthattā ca suviññeyyamevāti.
5龙萨马拉长老譬喻的注释结束。
Nāgasamālattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
6二、足迹想长老譬喻的注释
2. Padasaññakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
3“见到被踏的足迹……”等开头,是具寿足迹想长老的譬喻。他也是在过去诸佛那里累积了功德,在一生又一生中积聚导向涅槃的福德。在提舍世尊的时代,他出生在一个有信仰的近事男家庭,长大后对三宝生起净信。因为世尊慈悯他,示现了足迹塔庙,他见到后心生净信,汗毛竖立,做了礼拜、供养等种种恭敬行为。他在这片良田上种下善业,命终后生于天界,享受天界的快乐;后来转生人间,享受人间的各种福报。到了现在佛陀出世的时代,他出生于一个富裕家庭,渐渐长大,生起信心,出家后不久便成为阿拉汉,因为过去所修的福业,大家都称他为“足迹想长老”。
Akkantañca padaṃ disvātiādikaṃ āyasmato padasaññakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro uppannuppannabhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto tissassa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ saddhāsampanne upāsakagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto ratanattaye pasanno bhagavatā tassa anukampāya dassitaṃ padacetiyaṃ disvā pasanno lomahaṭṭhajāto vandanapūjanādibahumānamakāsi. So teneva sukhette sukatena puññena tato cuto sagge nibbatto tattha dibbasukhamanubhavitvā aparabhāge manussesu jāto manussasampattiṃ sabbamanubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde vibhavasampannakule nibbatto vuddhimanvāya saddhājāto pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi, purākatapuññanāmena padasaññakattheroti pākaṭo.
5有一天,他回忆起自己的过去业行,为了宣说过去生的譬喻,说出了“见到被踏的足迹……”等语句。其中,「被踏的」(akkantaṃ):指被踩踏、被示现的。通常一切诸佛行走时脚离地四指,不会留下足迹,但这位世尊知道他具足信心,便想:“让他看看这个”,于是示现了足迹。因此,他对此生起净信,做了礼拜、供养等恭敬行为,这就是含义。其余部分意思清楚,容易明白。
5. So ekadivasaṃ attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento akkantañca padaṃ disvātiādimāha. Tattha akkantanti akkamitaṃ dassitaṃ. Sabbabuddhānaṃ sabbadā caturaṅgulopariyeva gamanaṃ, ayaṃ pana tassa saddhāsampannataṃ ñatvā ‘‘eso imaṃ passatū’’ti padacetiyaṃ dassesi, tasmā so tasmiṃ pasīditvā vandanapūjanādisakkāramakāsīti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
9足迹想长老譬喻的注释到此结束。
Padasaññakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
10三、佛陀想长老譬喻的注释
3. Buddhasaññakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
5“杜摩树顶粪扫衣……”等开头,是具寿佛陀想长老的譬喻。这位长老在过去诸佛那里累积了功德,在种种生命中积聚导向涅槃的福德。在提舍世尊的时代,他出生于某个家庭,长大后生起信心,见到世尊的粪扫衣悬挂在树顶上,心生净信,心想:“这是阿拉汉的旗帜!”于是做了礼拜、供养等恭敬行为。他凭借这个善业,享受了天界和人间的福报,到现在佛陀出世时,出生于一个富裕家庭,生起信心,出家后不久便证得阿拉汉。
Dumagge paṃsukūlikantiādikaṃ āyasmato buddhasaññakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto tissassa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhippatto saddhājāto dumagge laggitaṃ bhagavato paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ disvā pasannamānaso ‘‘arahaddhaja’’nti cintetvā vandanapūjanādisakkāramakāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussasampattimanubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde vibhavasampanne ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto saddhājāto pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
9他证得阿拉汉果之后,回忆起自己过去所造的业,心中充满喜悦,为了阐明过去所行的事迹,便说出以“杜摩树顶粪扫衣……”为开头的偈颂。其中,「树」(duma):因为会摇动、晃动,所以称为「树」;或者,因为能承载、布满虚空界,所以称为「树」。树的顶端、末梢称为「树顶」(dumagga),就在那树顶上。「粪扫衣」(paṃsukūla):就像尘土一样,具有令人厌恶、不招人喜欢的特性,因此舍弃它而离去,所以称为粪扫衣;粪扫衣本身也就是「粪扫衣者所应」(paṃsukūlika)。见到世尊的粪扫衣悬挂在树顶上,我高举合掌,向那粪扫衣礼敬,也就是作了敬礼——这就是它的意思。「ti」仅仅是个语气词。其余各处,意义都显而易见。
9. So pattaarahattādhigamo attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento dumagge paṃsukūlikantiādimāha. Tattha dhunāti kampatīti dumo. Duhati pūreti ākāsatalanti vā dumo, dumassa aggo koṭīti dumaggo, tasmiṃ dumagge. Paṃsumiva paṭikkūlabhāvaṃ amanuññabhāvaṃ ulati gacchatīti paṃsukūlaṃ, paṃsukūlameva paṃsukūlikaṃ, satthuno paṃsukūlaṃ dumagge laggitaṃ disvā ahaṃ añjaliṃ paggahetvā taṃ paṃsukūlaṃ avandiṃ paṇāmamakāsinti attho. Tanti nipātamattaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
13佛陀想长老譬喻的注释结束。
Buddhasaññakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
14四、莲藕施者长老譬喻的注释
4. Bhisāluvadāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
7以「进入山林、林野……」等偈颂开始的,是具寿莲藕施者长老的譬喻事迹。这位长老同样在过去诸佛那里种下了深厚善根,在生生世世中不断积累导向解脱的福德资粮。在毗婆尸佛的时代,他住在雪山附近的森林住处,以树林里的根茎和野果为食。他见到为了远离独处而前来的毗婆尸佛,心中生起清净的信心,便供养了五根莲藕。世尊为了使他的心更加欢喜,就当着他的面接受了供养并加以受用。他凭借这一份净信之心,命终之后,在兜率天等善处享受了成就,之后又享受了人间的成就。到了现在这位佛陀出世的时候,他投生在一个家庭里,获得了丰厚的财富成就,但他舍弃了这一切,在世尊的教法中出家,不久便证得了阿拉汉果。
Kānanaṃvanamoggayhātiādikaṃ āyasmato bhisāluvadāyakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto vipassissa bhagavato kāle himavantassa samīpe araññāvāse vasanto vanamūlaphalāhāro vivekavasenāgataṃ vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso pañcabhisāluve adāsi. Bhagavā tassa cittaṃ pasādetuṃ passantasseva paribhuñji. So tena cittappasādena kālaṃ katvā tusitādīsu sampattimanubhavitvā pacchā manussasampattiñca anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vibhavasampattiṃ patto taṃ pahāya sāsane pabbajito nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi.
13第十三,他忆念起自己过去所造的业,生起喜悦,为了宣说前生行迹的譬喻,而说出「进入山林、林野……」等偈。这一段的意思跟前面所解释的相同。「我住于林野」意思是「我安住在远离独处的生活」,如此连贯起来理解。其余的内容都容易明白。
13. So tato attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento kānanaṃ vanamoggayhātiādimāha. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva. Vasāmi vipine ahanti vivekavāso ahaṃ vasāmīti sambandho. Sesaṃ uttānatthamevāti.
17《莲藕施者长老譬喻颂注释》到此结束。
Bhisāluvadāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
18第六诵分的注释结束。
Chaṭṭhabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
19第五、《一想长老譬喻颂注释》
5. Ekasaññakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
9这部《所行事迹》是以「那时有一位名叫坎陀的尊者……」等为开端的,它是具寿一想长老的事迹。这位长老也在过去诸佛那里种下过殊胜的善根,在各个生中不断积累成为导向还灭之资粮的福德。当毗婆尸佛世尊在世时,他出生在一个家庭里,长大后对三宝生起了清净的信心。有一天,他看到世尊的上首弟子——一位名叫坎陀的比丘正在托钵乞食,便生起了信心,向这位比丘布施了团食。他凭借这个善业,享受了天界与人间的种种福乐。到了现在这位佛陀出世的时候,他出生在舍卫城的一个家庭里,等到懂事后,听闻世尊说法,获得了信心,便出家为比丘,不久就证得了阿拉汉果。后来,有一次他修习并忆念「团食」这个想,证得了特别的成就,因此就以「一想长老」之名广为人知。
Khaṇḍonāmāsi nāmenātiādikaṃ āyasmato ekasaññakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto vipassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto ratanattaye pasannamānaso tassa satthuno khaṇḍaṃ nāma aggasāvakaṃ bhikkhāya caramānaṃ disvā saddahitvā piṇḍapātamadāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussasampattiyo anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi. So ekadivasaṃ piṇḍapātassa saññaṃ manasikaritvā paṭiladdhavisesattā ekasaññakattheroti pākaṭo.
18后来,他忆念起自己过去的善业,心中生起喜悦,开始宣说过去生行迹的偈颂,说道:「那时有一位名叫坎陀的……」等等。在这里,因为这位上首弟子长老的烦恼已经被彻底摧毁,所以称他为「坎陀」。其余的内容都很容易理解。
18. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento khaṇḍo nāmāsi nāmenātiādimāha. Tattha tassa aggasāvakattherassa kilesānaṃ khaṇḍitattā khaṇḍoti nāmaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
22《一想长老譬喻颂注释》到此结束。
Ekasaññakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
23第六、《草敷布施长老譬喻颂注释》
6. Tiṇasantharadāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
11这部《所行事迹》是以「在雪山附近……」等为开端的,是具寿草敷布施长老的事迹。他也在过去诸佛那里积累过广大善行,在各个生中积累导向还灭的福德资粮。在底沙佛世尊的时代,他出生在一个家庭里。由于他是在佛陀出世之前就已出生,长大后便舍弃了居家生活,出家成为一名苦行僧,住在雪山附近的一个湖边。那时,底沙佛世尊出于悲悯,从空中经过。那位苦行者看见世尊从空中降下,站在地上,心中生起净信,就割了草,铺成草垫,请世尊坐下,然后以极大的敬意和殷勤,用五体投地的方式顶礼世尊,接着恭敬地倒退着离开了。他尽其一生住在那里,命终之后,在天界和人间不断流转,享受了种种无量的福乐。到了现在这位佛陀出世的时候,他出生在一个家庭里,长大后对世尊生起净信,出家为比丘,不久就证得了阿拉汉果。
Himavantassāvidūretiādikaṃ āyasmato tiṇasantharadāyakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto tissassa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto buddhuppādato pageva uppannattā gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavantassa avidūre ekaṃ saraṃ nissāya paṭivasati. Tasmiṃ samaye tisso bhagavā tassānukampāya ākāsena agamāsi. Atha kho so tāpaso ākāsato oruyha ṭhitaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso tiṇaṃ lāyitvā tiṇasantharaṃ katvā nisīdāpetvā bahumānādarena pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā paṭikuṭiko hutvā pakkāmi. So yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā tato cavitvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto anekavidhasampattiṃ anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhippatto satthari pasīditvā pabbajito nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
22后来,他回忆起自己的前业,心中生起喜悦,便以偈颂宣说前生事迹,开始说‘雪山不远处……’等颂文。这些内容的意义如同前面所说。关于‘大自生湖(mahājātassare)’这一句:因为渴望饮水的两足众生、四足众生等来到这里,所以称为「湖」(sara);又或者,因为溪流、峡谷等流经此处,所以称为「湖」。而这个湖既广大,又是自然生成的,所以称为「大自生湖」。要知道,因为它不像无热恼池、六牙湖等那样知名,所以特别称为「大自生湖」。‘被百叶遮蔽’:每朵花有百片花瓣,所以称为「百叶」(satapatta),意思是说,被许多百叶白莲覆盖,形成了茂密的丛林。‘众鸟栖息之处’:种种天鹅、鸡、鹧鸪、苍鹭等一起鸣叫,发出声音,因此得名为「禽」(sakuṇā)的鸟类,这里就是它们的依止处、栖息地。其余各处,意义都已经很明了了。
22. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento himavantassāvidūretiādimāha. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva. Mahājātassaroti ettha pana saranti ettha pānīyatthikā dvipadacatuppadādayo sattāti saraṃ, atha vā saranti ettha nadīkandarādayoti saraṃ, mahanto ca so sayameva jātattā saro ceti mahājātassaro. Anotattachaddantadahādayo viya apākaṭanāmattā ‘‘mahājātassaro’’ti vuttoti daṭṭhabbo. Satapattehisañchannoti ekekasmiṃ pupphe satasatapattānaṃ vasena satapatto, satapattasetapadumehi sañchanno gahanībhūtoti attho. Nānāsakuṇamālayoti aneke haṃsakukkuṭakukkuhadeṇḍibhādayo ekato kuṇanti saddaṃ karontīti sakuṇāti laddhanāmānaṃ pakkhīnaṃ ālayo ādhārabhūtoti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
26《草敷布施长老譬喻颂注释》到此结束。
Tiṇasantharadāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
27第七、《施针长老譬喻颂注释》
7. Sūcidāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
13「三千劫前……」等,是尊者施针长老的譬喻颂。他也是在过去的胜佛前积累善行,在各种生命形态中不断积集能导向解脱的福德资粮。在善慧佛(Sumedha)世尊的时代,他出生于一个家庭,长大之后,为了给世尊做衣,他布施了五枚针。他凭藉这个功德,在天上人间享受福报,流转轮回时,无论投生在哪里,都以利根智慧而闻名。到了现在这位佛陀出世的时候,他又出生于一个家庭,长大后对导师世尊生起净信,出家为僧。由于他具有利根智慧,就在剃刀锋刃之处,证得了阿拉汉果。
Tiṃsakappasahassamhītiādikaṃ āyasmato sūcidāyakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimajinavaresu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ kātuṃ pañca sūciyo adāsi. So tena puññena devamanussesu puññamanubhavitvā vicaranto uppannuppannabhave tikkhapañño hutvā pākaṭo imasmiṃ buddhuppāde ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthari pasīditvā pabbajanto tikkhapaññatāya khuraggeyeva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi.
30后来,他观察自己的福德,见到之后心生喜悦,为了宣说前生事迹的譬喻,说了「三万劫前……」等颂文。然而,这些颂文之间的内容都是很容易理解的。
30. So aparabhāge puññaṃ paccavekkhanto taṃ disvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento tiṃsakappasahassamhītiādimāha. Antarantaraṃ panettha suviññeyyameva.
31「五针由我所施」这一句中:因为能穿孔、刺入,所以称为‘针’(sūci)。‘五针’即五支针,由我所施——这是词义。其余内容都容易理解。
31.Pañcasūcī mayā dinnāti ettha sūcati chiddaṃ karoti vijjhatīti sūci, pañcamattā sūcī pañcasūcī mayā dinnāti attho. Sesaṃ suviññeyyamevāti.
31《施针长老譬喻颂注释》结束。
Sūcidāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
328. 波吒厘花长老譬喻颂注释
8. Pāṭalipupphiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
16这篇是以「金色之正自觉者」等为开头的,具寿波吒厘花长老的譬喻。这位长老也在过去的诸胜者时累积了修行资粮,在种种生命状态中积累了趋向出离的福业。在提舍世尊的时代,他投生在一个豪族家庭,作为长者的儿子。长大之后,他通晓善与不善业,对导师生起了清净的信心,手持波吒厘花供养了导师。靠着这份福业,他多次享受快乐的果报,在天界和人界之间流转。到了现在这位佛陀出世的时候,他出生于良善的家庭。长大后,对导师产生信心而出家,不久就成了阿拉汉。
Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhantiādikaṃ āyasmato pāṭalipupphiyattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimajinavaresu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto tissassa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ kulagehe seṭṭhiputto hutvā nibbatto vuddhippatto kusalākusalaññū satthari pasīditvā pāṭalipupphaṃ gahetvā satthu pūjesi. So tena puññena bahudhā sukhasampattiyo anubhavanto devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthari pasanno pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
3636. 后来,他回忆起自己过去所造的业,心里充满了喜悦,为了宣说前生事迹的譬喻,说了「金色之正自觉者」等颂文。在这里,「于市道中」的意思是:四周陈列着金钱、黄金等货物,人们在那里叫卖、出售,摆开商品的地方叫作‘店’(āpaṇa);店与店之间的通道叫作‘市道’(antarāpaṇa),也就是在那种市道上。「得见金色、如胜金聚、具有三十二胜相之正自觉者后,我供养了波吒厘花」——这是偈颂的意思。其余各处,意义容易明白。
36. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhantiādimāha. Tattha antarāpaṇeti ā samantato hiraññasuvaṇṇādikaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ paṇenti vikkiṇanti pattharanti etthāti āpaṇaṃ, āpaṇassa antaraṃ vīthīti antarāpaṇaṃ, tasmiṃ antarāpaṇe. Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ kañcanagghiyasaṃkāsaṃ dvattiṃsavaralakkhaṇaṃ sambuddhaṃ disvā pāṭalipupphaṃ pūjesinti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
35《波吒厘花长老譬喻注》结束。
Pāṭalipupphiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
36第九 合掌立长老譬喻注
9. Ṭhitañjaliyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
18这篇是以「曾为猎鹿人」等为开头的,具寿合掌立长老的譬喻。这位长老也在过去的诸佛时累积了修行资粮,在种种生起的存在中积累了趋向出离的福业。在提舍世尊的时代,由于过去某一业的缺陷,他投生在了尼沙陀族中。成年后,他杀害鹿、猪等动物,以狩猎为业,住在山林中。那时,提舍世尊悲悯他,前往了雪山。他看见世尊以三十二胜相、八十随形好以及一寻光芒照耀,心生喜悦,恭敬顶礼,走上前去,坐在树叶铺的座位上。就在那一刻,天空雷鸣,霹雳落下。在临死的时候,他忆念佛陀,再次合掌。凭着这份福业,因为是在善田中所做的善业,遮止了不善业的果报,他出生于天界,享受欲界的快乐成就,也曾在人间享受人的成就。再后来,到了现在佛陀出世时,他出生在一个良善的家庭。长大后,由于过去积累的习气,对导师产生信心,出家不久后就成为了阿拉汉。
Migaluddo pure āsintiādikaṃ āyasmato ṭhitañjaliyattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tatthuppannabhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto tissassa bhagavato kāle purākatena ekena kammacchiddena nesādayoniyaṃ nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto migasūkarādayo māretvā nesādakammena araññe vāsaṃ kappesi. Tasmiṃ samaye tisso bhagavā tassānukampāya himavantaṃ agamāsi. So taṃ dvattiṃsavaralakkhaṇehi asītānubyañjanabyāmappabhāhi ca jalamānaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā somanassajāto paṇāmaṃ katvā gantvā paṇṇasanthare nisīdi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe devo gajjanto asani pati, tato maraṇasamaye buddhamanussaritvā punañjalimakāsi. So tena puññena sukhette katakusalattā akusalavipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā sagge nibbatto kāmāvacarasampattiyo anubhavitvā manussesu manussasampattiyo ca anubhavitvā aparabhāge imasmiṃ buddhuppāde ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya purākatavāsanāya satthari pasīditvā pabbajito nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
4242. 此后,他回忆起自己过去的业,心生喜悦,为了宣说前生事迹的譬喻,说了「曾为猎鹿人」等颂文。在这里,「猎鹿人」(migaluddo):杀害鹿等动物的生命,所以称为猎鹿人。「鹿」(miga):因为它们像风一样快速地奔走,所以称为鹿;在杀害这些鹿时,手段残忍、心怀贪猎的人,就叫做猎鹿人。“我在往昔见到世尊的时候,是一个猎鹿人”——这是偈颂的意思。「林中」(arañña kānane):“arati”意为乐于居住,鹿群活动的范围,所以称为“阿兰若”(arañña);另外,由于四周都令人喜悦,喜好远离的佛陀、辟支佛等证得大果的善士们乐于居住,所以也称为“阿兰若”。“kā”:以鄙劣或可怖的方式发出吼声,“āna”意为感知,所以称为“森林”(kānana)。就在这样的阿兰若、森林中,过去我是一个猎鹿人,这是句子的连接。偈颂中的「于彼我见正自觉者」,意思是:在那片森林里,我见到了前来的正自觉者。因为之前曾在近处见到,所以由意门跟随着的眼识作为先导,将身识相应之心推动前往——这就是词义的解释。
42. So tato paraṃ attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento migaluddo pure āsintiādimāha. Tattha migaluddoti migānaṃ māraṇaṃ upagacchatīti migaluddo. Miganti sīghaṃ vātavegena gacchanti dhāvantīti migā, tesaṃ migānaṃ māraṇe luddo dāruṇo lobhīti migaluddo. So ahaṃ pure bhagavato dassanasamaye migaluddo āsiṃ ahosinti attho . Araññe kānaneti arati gacchati migasamūho etthāti araññaṃ, atha vā ā samantato rajjanti tattha vivekābhiratā buddhapaccekabuddhādayo mahāsārappattā sappurisāti araññaṃ. Kā kucchitākārena vā bhayānakākārena vā nadanti saddaṃ karonti, ānanti vindantīti vā kānanaṃ, tasmiṃ araññe kānane migaluddo pure āsinti sambandho. Tattha addasaṃ sambuddhanti tattha tasmiṃ araññe upagataṃ sambuddhaṃ addasaṃ addakkhinti attho. Dassanaṃ pure ahosi avidūre, tasmā manodvārānusārena cakkhuviññāṇaṃ purecārikaṃ kāyaviññāṇasamaṅgiṃ pāpeti appetīti attho.
4444. 其次,「尔时有雷雹落于我」:从四周发出巨响、轰击而落下的,叫做“雹”(asani);雹的坠落击打,就是“雷雹落”(asanīpāto),意思是天罚之棒。其余各处,意义容易明白。
44.Tato me asanīpātoti ā samantato sananto gajjanto patatīti asani, asaniyā pāto patanaṃ asanīpāto, devadaṇḍoti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
40《合掌立长老譬喻注》结束。
Ṭhitañjaliyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
4110. 三莲华长老譬喻注
10. Tipadumiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
21这部《三莲华长老譬喻经》以“名为莲华上佛的胜者”等开篇。这位长老在过去诸佛时也已广修善行,在轮回的各个生命阶段中不断积累顺解脱分善业。在莲华上世尊的时代,他出生在汉沙瓦提城一个花鬘师家庭,长大后以制作花鬘为生。有一天,他带着各种水生和陆生的鲜花,正打算去献给国王,心里这样思惟:“国王看到这些花,高兴起来或许会赏赐上千钱财或村落之类。但如果我用它们来供养世间怙主,就能获得名为涅槃的财富。这些世间财物对我来说有什么真正的好呢?”于是他决定:“应当供养世尊,以此来成就生天与解脱的善果。”想好之后,他便取来三朵颜色鲜艳、极其红润的花去供养。那些花飞上天空,铺展开来遍满了虚空而安住。城中居民见此情景,内心生起极大的稀有奇特之感,纷纷成千上万次地挥动衣物以示赞叹。世尊看到了这一幕,便做了随喜。他凭此善业,在天界与人间享受了种种福报。到了这一佛出世的时候,他生于一位居士家中,长大后对导师生起净信,听闻正法,获得信心,于是出家,不久便证得阿拉汉果。
Padumuttaro nāma jinotiādikaṃ āyasmato tipadumiyattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatiyaṃ mālākārakulagehe nibbatto vuddhippatto mālākārakammaṃ katvā vasanto ekadivasaṃ anekavidhāni jalajathalajapupphāni gahetvā rañño santikaṃ gantukāmo evaṃ cintesi – ‘‘rājā imāni tāva pupphāni disvā pasanno sahassaṃ vā dhanaṃ gāmādikaṃ vā dadeyya, lokanāthaṃ pana pūjetvā nibbānāmatadhanaṃ labhāmi, kiṃ me etesu sundara’’nti tena ‘‘bhagavantaṃ pūjetvā saggamokkhasampattiyo nipphādetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti cintetvā vaṇṇavantaṃ atīva rattapupphattayaṃ gahetvā pūjesi. Tāni gantvā ākāsaṃ chādetvā pattharitvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Nagaravāsino acchariyabbhutacittajātā celukkhepasahassāni pavattayiṃsu. Taṃ disvā bhagavā anumodanaṃ akāsi. So tena puññena devamanussesu sampattiyo anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde gahapatikule nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthari pasīditvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
48那位长老回忆起自己过去的业行,心中充满喜悦,为了宣说他过去所行的功德故事,便诵出了“名为莲华上佛的胜者”等偈颂。这些词句的意义,前面已经说明过了。“于一切法到彼岸”,意思是:已经亲证并到达一切九种出世间法的彼岸,也就是涅槃。“已调伏、为调伏者所围绕”,意思是:自己通过身、语等方面已经得到了调伏,并且被位居最上的声闻弟子们所围绕。其余各处,依上下文关系,意思都很明白。
48. So attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento padumuttaronāma jinotiādimāha. Tassattho heṭṭhā vuttova. Sabbadhammāna pāragūti sabbesaṃ navalokuttaradhammānaṃ pāraṃ nibbānaṃ gato paccakkhaṃ katoti attho. Danto dantaparivutoti sayaṃ kāyavācādīhi danto etadagge ṭhapitehi sāvakehi parivutoti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha sambandhavasena uttānatthamevāti.
44三莲华长老譬喻经注结束。
Tipadumiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
45第八品注结束。
Aṭṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā samattā.