← 文献总目录

11. 施食品义注

s0510a.att11 · 静态文献页 · 46 段 · 打开交互阅读器

1第十一 施食者品
11. Bhikkhadāyivaggo
2第一 施食者长老譬喻的注释
1. Bhikkhādāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
1以「金色之正自觉者(Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhaṃ)」等开始的,是具寿施食者长老的譬喻。这位长老也曾过去在诸胜者那里积累功德,在每一生中累积趣向离系的福业。在悉达多佛世尊时,他出生在一个家庭,长大后财富丰足,生起了信心。他看见悉达多佛世尊从寺院出来,步行乞食,内心欢喜清净,便供养了食物。世尊接受了他的供养,说了随喜的话后离开。他凭借这个善业,活满寿命,死后生于天界,在那里享受六种欲界的成就,又在人间享受人界的成就。到了现在佛陀出世时,他又出生在某个家庭,长大后生起信心,出家,不久就证得了阿拉汉果。
Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃsambuddhantiādikaṃ āyasmato bhikkhādāyakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimajinavaresu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya vibhavasampanno saddhājāto vihārato nikkhamitvā piṇḍāya caramānaṃ siddhatthaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso āhāramadāsi. Bhagavā taṃ paṭiggahetvā anumodanaṃ vatvā pakkāmi. So teneva kusalena yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā āyupariyosāne devaloke nibbatto tattha cha kāmāvacarasampattiyo anubhavitvā manussesu ca manussasampattimanubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya saddhājāto pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
1他后来回忆自己的前生善业,生起喜悦,为了彰显过去所行的譬喻,说了以「金色之正自觉者……」等开始的偈颂。那些都和前面所说的方法一样。「殊胜出离(Pavarā abhinikkhantanti)」的意思是:应该被种种渴望、应该被希求的,就称为殊胜(pavara);从宜人的住处、从远离的住处、从自己的寺院特别出离,这就是出离(abhinikkhanta)的意思。「从渴爱到达涅槃(Vānā nibbānamāgatanti)」:vāna是指渴爱,因为从那里出离了,所以称为涅槃;以名为渴爱的烦恼为首,舍弃一切烦恼而达到涅槃,这就是它的意思。
1. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ anussaritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhantiādimāha. Taṃ sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. Pavarā abhinikkhantanti pakārena varitabbaṃ patthetabbanti pavaraṃ, rammabhūtato vivekabhūtato sakavihārato abhi visesena nikkhantanti attho. Vānā nibbānamāgatanti vānaṃ vuccati taṇhā, tato nikkhantattā nibbānaṃ, vānanāmaṃ taṇhaṃ padhānaṃ katvā sabbakilese pahāya nibbānaṃ pattanti attho.
2「施予一勺之食(Kaṭacchubhikkhaṃ datvānā)」:kaṭacchu是指可用手掌拿取的匙子;‘食’(bhikkhā)是指被乞求、被请求而得到的食物,或者指特别可吃、可享用的食物。用匙子取得的食物就叫作‘一勺之食’(kaṭacchubhikkhā),意思就是用匙子施舍饭食。其余各处意义都很明白。
2.Kaṭacchubhikkhaṃ datvānāti karatalena gahetabbā dabbi kaṭacchu, bhikkhīyati āyācīyatīti bhikkhā, abhi visesena khāditabbā bhakkhitabbāti vā bhikkhā, kaṭacchunā gahetabbā bhikkhā kaṭacchubhikkhā, dabbiyā bhattaṃ datvāti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
6施食者长老譬喻注释完毕。
Bhikkhādāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
7第二 智想者长老譬喻的注释
2. Ñāṇasaññikattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
4以「金色之正自觉者……」等开始的,是具寿智想者长老的譬喻。他的起源是怎样的呢?这位长老也曾过去在诸佛那里做功德,在每一次转生中累积趋向离系的福业。在悉达多佛世尊时,他出生在一个家庭,长大后生起信心,敬重并热爱听闻正法。他顺着世尊的教法,将心投向‘智’,因为只是凭听闻声音的份量(ghosapamāṇa),他对世尊的智慧生起净信,并以五体投地、八支顶礼的方式礼敬,然后离开。死后他生于天界,在那里享受六种欲界的天界成就;从那里死后又生于人界,在那里享受最为崇高的转轮王等成就。在此佛陀出世时,他生在一个富有的家庭,长大后对导师(佛陀)生起信心,出家后不久就证得了阿拉汉果。
Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃsambuddhantiādikaṃ āyasmato ñāṇasaññikattherassa apadānaṃ. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya saddhājāto saddhammassavane sādaro sālayo bhagavato dhammadesanānusārena ñāṇaṃ pesetvā ghosapamāṇattā bhagavato ñāṇe pasanno pañcaṅgaaṭṭhaṅganamakkāravasena paṇāmaṃ katvā pakkāmi. So tato cuto devalokesu uppanno tattha cha kāmāvacare dibbasampattimanubhavanto tato cavitvā manussaloke jāto tatthaggabhūtā cakkavattisampadādayo anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde vibhavasampanne ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthari pasīditvā pabbajito nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
7他后来忆起自己过去造的业,生起了喜悦,为了宣说过去所行的譬喻事迹,就诵出了「金色正自觉者……」等偈颂。这些内容的意思前面已经讲过。偈颂里的「如牛王良骏(Nisabhājāniyaṃ yathā)」中,「nisabha」是指在十万头牛当中最优秀的那一头,也就是牛群的头牛;它既是牛王,又是良骏、是最殊胜、最无上的,所以称为「牛王良骏」。就像这牛王良骏一样,世尊也是这样——这就是它的意思。这只是借用世间大家都能理解的施设概念来作的譬喻,因为世尊其实是无法用任何东西来比拟的。其余各处,意思都很清楚明白。
7. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhantiādimāha. Taṃ vuttatthameva. Nisabhājāniyaṃ yathāti gavasatasahassajeṭṭho nisabho, nisabho ca so ājāniyo seṭṭho uttamo ceti nisabhājāniyo. Yathā nisabhājāniyo, tatheva bhagavāti attho. Lokavisayasaññātaṃ paññattivasena evaṃ vuttaṃ. Anupameyyo hi bhagavā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
10《智想者长老譬喻注》结束。
Ñāṇasaññikattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
113. 《持青莲花长老譬喻注》
3. Uppalahatthiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
6以「在提瓦罗城居住……」为开端的,是尊者持青莲花长老的譬喻。这位尊者在过去诸胜者处累积了善行,在每一生中不断积聚着导向解脱的福德资粮。到了悉达多佛世尊的时代,他投生在一个花鬘师的家庭。成年之后,以制作花鬘为业,靠买卖各种鲜花维生。后来有一天,他手捧着鲜花沿街行走时,看见了世尊,就像一颗无价的宝珠在游步世间一般。他立刻以红莲花束作了供养。从那里去世之后,藉由这个福德,他一直在善趣中享受福报,到了现在这一尊佛陀出世时,他出生于良家,长大后生起信心,出家不久就证得了阿拉汉。
Tivarāyaṃ nivāsīhantiādikaṃ āyasmato uppalahatthakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimajinavaresu katakusalo tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle mālākārakule nibbatto vuddhimanvāya mālākārakammena anekāni pupphāni vikkiṇanto jīvati. Athekadivasaṃ pupphāni gahetvā caranto bhagavantaṃ ratanagghikamiva caramānaṃ disvā rattuppalakalāpena pūjesi. So tato cuto teneva puññena sugatīsu puññamanubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya saddhājāto pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
13后来,他忆起自己过去造下的业,生起了喜悦,为了阐明过去所行的譬喻,就宣说了以「在提瓦罗城居住……」等为首的偈颂。在这里,「提瓦罗(Tivarā)」是指一座用三道城墙来建构、四周有回廊围绕遮蔽的城市;「在提瓦罗城居住」的意思,就是曾经住在那里的某个地方,或者住在城里的家中。「当时我是花鬘师(ahosiṃ māliko tadā)」的意思是说:在那个为了证得涅槃而积集福德资粮的时候,我是一位花鬘师,靠买卖鲜花为生。
13. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento tivarāyaṃ nivāsīhantiādimāha. Tattha tivarāti tīhi vārehi kāritaṃ sañcaritaṃ paṭicchannaṃ nagaraṃ, tassaṃ tivarāyaṃ nivāsī, vasanasīlo nivāsanaṭṭhānagehe vā vasanto ahanti attho. Ahosiṃ māliko tadāti tadā nibbānatthāya puññasambhārakaraṇasamaye māliko mālākārova pupphāni kayavikkayaṃ katvā jīvanto ahosinti attho.
14「手持鲜花我供养(Pupphahatthamadāsaṃ)」等句子是说:看见了悉达多佛世尊之后,我就用青莲花束来作供养。这就是它的含义。其余各处,意思都很清楚明白。
14.Pupphahatthamadāsahanti siddhatthaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā uppalakalāpaṃ adāsiṃ pūjesinti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
15《持青莲花长老譬喻注》结束。
Uppalahatthakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
164. 《供足长老譬喻注》
4. Padapūjakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
9这篇以“对悉达多佛世尊……”为开端的,是尊者“供足长老”的传记。这位尊者也在过去诸佛那里累积过善行。在悉达多佛世尊的时代,他出生在一个良家,长大之后,对导师生起了净信,用善意花供养在佛的脚下。他凭借这份福德,在天界和人间流转,享受过帝释天的福报。到了现在这位佛陀出世的时候,他出生在某个良家,长大之后,对导师生起了净信,随后出家。他精进修习观法,使其增长,最终稳稳地证得了阿拉汉果。
Siddhatthassabhagavatotiādikaṃ āyasmato padapūjakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthari pasanno sumanapupphena pādamūle pūjesi. So tena puññena devamanussesu saṃsaranto sakkasampattiṃ anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthari pasīditvā pabbajito vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaphale patiṭṭhāsi.
1919. 后来,他回忆起自己过去所造的业,心中生起了喜悦。为了阐明自己过去所行的生平事迹,他说出了以“对悉达多佛世尊……”为开头的偈颂。其中,“我供养了天生花”(Jātipupphamadāsahanti)这一句,意思是:我供养了天生的善意花。为了作偈颂的方便,这里把“sumana”(善意)这个词省略掉了。在这里,“jāti”是指依种类而出生,这种花在绽放时,能让人生起喜悦(somanassa),所以称为「善意花」(sumana);以开花、绽放的意义来说,即是花;这种既让人喜悦又是花的东西,就是「善意花」。我曾把这些善意花,供养给了悉达多佛世尊——这就是它的意思。其余各处的意义,都是浅显易懂的。
19. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento siddhatthassa bhagavatotiādimāha. Jātipupphamadāsahanti jātisumanapupphaṃ adāsiṃ ahanti vattabbe gāthābandhasukhatthaṃ sumanasaddassa lopaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Tattha jātiyā nibbatto vikasamānoyeva sumanaṃ janānaṃ somanassaṃ karotīti sumanaṃ, pupphanaṭṭhena vikasanaṭṭhena pupphaṃ, sumanañca taṃ pupphañcāti sumanapupphaṃ, tāni sumanapupphāni siddhatthassa bhagavato ahaṃ pūjesinti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
19《供足长老譬喻注》结束。
Padapūjakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
205. 《一把花长老譬喻注》
5. Muṭṭhipupphiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
11这篇以“名为善见者……”为开端的,是尊者“一把花长老”的传记。这位尊者也在过去诸佛那里累积过善行,在各种各样的生命形态中,不断积累导向解脱的福德资粮。在莲花上佛世尊的时代,他出生在一个花鬘师的家庭,长大之后,精通了自己的手艺。有一天,他见到了世尊,内心充满了净信,就用双手捧起善意花,撒在世尊的脚下做供养。他凭借这份善业的积累,在天界和人间流转,享受了天界和人间的两种福报。到了现在这位佛陀出世的时候,他出生在一个良家,长大成人后,靠着过去世熏习的力量,对导师生起了净信,随后出家,不久就证得了阿拉汉果。
Sudassanonāma nāmenātiādikaṃ āyasmato muṭṭhipupphiyattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle mālākārakule nibbatto vuddhimanvāya sakasippe nipphattiṃ patto ekadivasaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso jātisumanapupphāni ubhohi hatthehi bhagavato pādamūle okiritvā pūjesi. So tena kusalasambhārena devamanussesu saṃsaranto ubho sampattiyo anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto vuddhippatto pubbavāsanāvasena satthari pasīditvā pabbajito nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
14-2514-25. 后来,他忆念起自己过去所做的业,生起了喜悦。在宣说自己前生所行的事迹时,他说出了“名为善见者……”等偈颂。在这里,「善见」是指因为身材的高矮胖瘦、体态的匀称、年轻的活力等种种美好,而拥有美好的外貌,所以称为「善见」。偈颂中“名为善见”,意思是他那时投生为一位名叫善见的花鬘师,用善意花供养了莲花上佛世尊。其余各处的意义,都是浅显易懂的。
14-25. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ anussaritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento sudassano nāma nāmenātiādimāha. Tattha sudassanoti ārohapariṇāharūpasaṇṭhānayobbaññasobhanena sundaro dassanoti sudassano, nāmena sudassano nāma mālākāro hutvā jātisumanapupphehi padumuttaraṃ bhagavantaṃ pūjesinti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
23《一把花长老譬喻注》结束。
Muṭṭhipupphiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
246. 《供水长老譬喻注》
6. Udakapūjakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
13「金色正自觉者」等偈颂,是尊者供水长老的譬喻。他也在过去诸胜者那里累积了善业,在种种生命形态中圆满导致解脱的福德。在莲花上佛世尊的时代,他出生于某个良家,长大以后,知道了善与不善。他看见莲花上佛世尊在空中行走,放出六色佛光,心生净信,就用双手取水来供养。他所供养的水像银色水泡一样停在空中。他非常净信,以这种喜悦,投生于兜率天等处,享受天界的成就,之后又享受人间的成就。到了现在这尊佛陀出世时,他出生在良家,长大后,对导师生起信心,出家不久,便成为阿拉汉。
Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃsambuddhantiādikaṃ āyasmato udakapūjakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimajinavaresu pūritakusalasañcayo tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni paripūriyamāno pudumuttarassa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya kusalākusalaṃ jānanto padumuttarassa bhagavato ākāse gacchato nikkhantachabbaṇṇabuddharaṃsīsu pasanno ubhohi hatthehi udakaṃ gahetvā pūjesi. Tena pūjitaṃ udakaṃ rajatabubbulaṃ viya ākāse aṭṭhāsi. So abhippasanno teneva somanassena tusitādīsu nibbatto dibbasampattiyo anubhavitvā aparabhāge manussasampattiyo ca anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto satthari pasīditvā pabbajito nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
29后来,他回忆起自己过去所做的业,生起喜悦,在宣说前生所行譬喻时,说出了「金色正自觉者」等等句子。这些在前文中已经说过了。「如燃烧的火堆」:酥油被称为“ghata”,酥油的座(即放置酥油的东西)就叫做“ghatāsana”,这是指火;或者,因为它吃(烧尽)酥油,所以称为“ghatāsana”,也就是火。就像酥油倒入火中时,火焰极其猛烈地燃烧一样,世尊也像火堆一样燃烧着,这就是其含义。「如炽燃的火」:供养祭祀被称为“huta”,供养祭祀的座就叫做“hutāsana”,这也是指火。世尊就像燃烧的太阳,以三十二大人相和一寻的光环闪耀着,作为金色正自觉者,在虚空、天际行走,我见到了这样的景象——这是上下文的连接。其余各处都很明了。
29. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhantiādimāha. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Ghatāsanaṃva jalitanti ghataṃ vuccati sappi, ghatassa āsanaṃ ādhāranti ghatāsanaṃ, aggi, atha vā taṃ asati bhuñjatīti ghatāsanaṃ , aggiyeva. Yathā ghate āsitte aggimhi aggisikhā atīva jalati, evaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ iva jalamānaṃ bhagavantanti attho. Ādittaṃva hutāsananti hutaṃ vuccati pūjāsakkāre, hutassa pūjāsakkārassa āsananti hutāsanaṃ, jalamānaṃ sūriyaṃ iva dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi byāmappabhāmaṇḍalehi vijjotamānaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhaṃ anilañjase ākāse gacchantaṃ addasanti sambandho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
27供水长老譬喻注释结束。
Udakapūjakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
28竹鬘长老譬喻注释
7. Naḷamāliyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
15“对莲花上佛”等偈颂,是尊者竹鬘长老的譬喻。他同样在过去诸胜者那里种下了善行,在许多生中积累导向解脱的善业。在莲花上佛世尊的时代,他出生在良家,长大以后,经营在家的生活,然而见到感官欲乐的过患,便舍弃了家宅,出家成为苦行者,住在雪山。他见到世尊前来,心中生起净信,礼拜之后,铺好草垫,对坐在那儿的世尊,用竹鬘做成扇子,为他扇风供养。世尊出于悲愍接受了,并作了随喜。他凭借这一福业,在人与天界中流转,无论生于何处,都远离了热恼与灼烧之苦,获得了身体、心以及心所法的快乐,享受许多快乐。到了现在这尊佛陀出世时,他出生在某个良家,长大以后,凭着过去串习的力量,对导师生起信心,出家不久,就成为阿拉汉。
Padumuttarabuddhassātiādikaṃ āyasmato naḷamāliyattherassa apadānaṃ. Esopi purimajinavaresu katādhikāro anekāsu jātīsu vivaṭṭūpanissayāni kusalakammāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya gharāvāsaṃ saṇṭhapetvā kāme ādīnavaṃ disvā gehaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavante vasanto tatthāgataṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasanno vanditvā tiṇasantharaṃ santharitvā tattha nisinnassa bhagavato naḷamālehi bījaniṃ katvā bījetvā adāsi. Paṭiggahesi bhagavā tassānukampāya, anumodanañca akāsi. So tena puññena devamanussesu saṃsaranto uppannuppannabhave pariḷāhasantāpavivajjito kāyacittacetasikasukhappatto anekasukhamanubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya pubbavāsanābalena satthari pasanno pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
36后来,他回忆起自己过去所做的业,生起喜悦,在宣说前生所行譬喻时,说出了「对莲花上佛」等等句子。这些在前文中已经说过了。
36. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento padumuttarabuddhassātiādimāha. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.
37“取了芦苇花环”(Naḷamālaṃ gahetvāna)的解释:“芦苇”(naḷa)是指它没有实心、没有精髓,比竹子还更细、更轻,所以称为naḷa;芦苇的花环就是芦苇花,也就是“芦苇花环”(naḷamāla)。用那个芦苇花环来制作“扇子”(bījanī),这是句子的关联。“扇子”(bījanī),意思是由此生出风来,就是可以扇出风的东西。我将那把扇子供养给了佛陀,佛陀接受了——这是其含义。其余各处都很容易明白。
37.Naḷamālaṃ gahetvānāti naḷati asāro nissāro hutvā veḷuvaṃsatopi tanuko sallahuko jātoti naḷo, naḷassa mālā pupphaṃ naḷamālaṃ, tena naḷamālena bījaniṃ kāresinti sambandho . Bījissati janissati vāto anenāti bījanī, taṃ bījaniṃ buddhassa upanāmesiṃ, paṭiggahesinti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
32竹鬘长老譬喻注释结束。
Naḷamāliyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
33第七诵分的注疏至此结束。
Sattamabhāṇavāravaṇṇanā samattā.
348. 《奉座长老譬喻》的注疏
8. Āsanupaṭṭhāhakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
18以“进入森林……”(Kānanaṃ vanamoggayha)等开头的这部经,是具寿奉座长老(Āsanupaṭṭhāhakatthera)的譬喻。这位长者也曾在过去诸佛处累积了善行,在种种生命形态中流转时,不断积累着能作为趣向出离之助缘的福德。在义见世尊(Atthadassī Bhagavā)的时代,他出生于良家,过着居家生活。后来看到了居家的过患,便舍弃了家庭,出家成为一名苦行者,住在雪山。在那里,他见到世尊前来,心生欢喜,就供养了一张狮子座。当世尊在座上坐下后,他又拿起花环来作供养,并右绕致敬,然后离去。凭借这份福业,他在天界与人间流转,在所生之处都成为出身高贵、财富具足的人。到后来,在此佛陀出世时,他生于良家。长大后,对导师生起了信心,出家不久便证得了阿拉汉。
Kānanaṃ vanamoggayhātiādikaṃ āyasmato āsanupaṭṭhāhakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto atthadassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbatto gharāvāsaṃ vasanto tattha dosaṃ disvā gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavante vasanto tattha sampattaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasanno sīhāsanaṃ adāsi, tattha nisinnaṃ bhagavantaṃ mālākalāpaṃ gahetvā pūjetvā taṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. So tena puññena devamanussesu saṃsaranto nibbattanibbattabhave uccakuliko vibhavasampanno ahosi. So kālantarena imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthari pasīditvā pabbajito nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
4747. 他证得阿拉汉后,回忆起自己过去所造的业,心中生起了极大的喜悦。为了宣说前生的行迹,他说出了“进入森林……”等偈颂。其含义与前文所述完全一致。
47. So arahā samāno attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento kānanaṃ vanamoggayhātiādimāha. Taṃ sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthamevāti.
37《奉座长老譬喻》的注疏至此结束。
Āsanupaṭṭhāhakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
389. 《施块根者长老譬喻》的注疏
9. Biḷālidāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
20以“距雪山不远处……”(Himavantassāvidūre)等开头的这部经,是具寿施块根者长老(Biḷālidāyakatthera)的譬喻。这位长者也曾在过去诸胜者处累积了善行,在种种生命形态中流转时,不断积累着能作为趣向出离之助缘的福德。在莲花上世尊(Padumuttara Bhagavā)的时代,他出生于良家,成年后过着居家生活。他看到了其中的过患,便舍弃家庭,出家成为一名苦行者,住在雪山。他极为少欲知足,以甘薯之类的植物维生。那时,莲花上世尊出于对他的慈悯,来到了那座雪山。他见到世尊后心生欢喜,礼敬之后,取来块根放入世尊的钵中。如来出于对他的慈悯,为了令他生起喜悦,便受用了这些食物。他凭借此业,从该处死后,在天界和人间享受了两种幸福成就。最后,在此佛陀出世时,他生于良家,长大之后对导师生起信心,在教法中出家,不久便证得了阿拉汉。
Himavantassāvidūretiādikaṃ āyasmato biḷālidāyakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimajinavaresu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto gharāvāsaṃ vasanto tatthādīnavaṃ disvā gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavante vasanto atīva appicchasantuṭṭho āluvādīhi yāpento vasati. Tadā padumuttaro bhagavā tassa anukampāya taṃ himavantaṃ agamāsi . Taṃ disvā pasanno vanditvā biḷāliyo gahetvā patte okiri. Taṃ tathāgato tassānukampāya somanassuppādayanto paribhuñji. So tena kammena tato cuto devamanussesu ubhayasampattiyo anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbattitvā vuddhimanvāya satthari pasanno sāsane pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi.
53他后来忆念起自己所做的善业,心中生起了喜悦。为了宣说前生的行迹,他说出了“距雪山不远处……”等偈颂。其含义全部如前所述,浅显易懂。而偈颂中的“甘薯、卡拉姆巴等”,指的是种种不同种类的球根植物名称。
53. So aparabhāge attano kusalakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento himavantassāvidūretiādimāha. Taṃ sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayattā uttānatthameva. Āluvakarambhādayo tesaṃ tesaṃ kandajātīnaṃ nāmānevāti.
41《施块根者长老譬喻注疏》结束。
Biḷālidāyakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
4210. 《供花粉者长老譬喻》的注疏
10. Reṇupūjakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
22这是尊者供花粉者长老所讲述的譬喻,以“金色正自觉者”等偈颂开头。这位长老在过去诸胜者(即过去诸佛)处曾作奉事,在各种生命形态中累积了作为涅槃资粮的功德。在毗婆尸佛世尊的时代,他投生在一个良善的家庭,长大之后对导师(世尊)生起了清净的信心。成年后,他看到世尊如同火堆一样闪耀光芒,内心充满清净信心,便拿起龙华的花粉进行供养。于是,世尊便为他作了随喜。
Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhantiādikaṃ āyasmato reṇupūjakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimajinavaresu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto vipassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthari pasanno viññutaṃ patto aggikkhandhaṃ viya vijjotamānaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso nāgapupphakesaraṃ gahetvā pūjesi. Atha bhagavā anumodanamakāsi.
62-3依靠这一功德,他从那里死后,在天与人之间流转,享受了两种成就(福报),在每一处投生都受到尊崇。到了现在这位佛陀出世的时候,他投生在一个良善的家庭,长大成人后,凭借过去世的习气之力,对导师生起了清净信心,便在教法中出家,不久之后就证得了阿拉汉果。他用天眼观照自己过去所造的业,心中充满喜悦,为了开示自己过去所行的本生故事,就说了“金色正自觉者”等偈颂。这些偈颂的意义,前面已经讲过。「百光者」:意思是太阳的光线数量达到百道,颂偈为了押韵方便,所以简说为「百光」,实际上指具有数百、甚至数十万道光芒。「Bhāṇu」这个词意思是光明,拥有光明就是「bhāṇumā」。意思就是:我看到了像被称作光明之源的太阳那样、光芒万丈的毗婆尸佛世尊,便取来龙华花粉,奉献供养。其余的意义就容易明白了。
62-3. So tena puññena tato cuto devamanussesu saṃsaranto ubhayasampattiyo anubhavitvā uppannuppannabhave sabbattha pūjito imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto pubbavāsanābalena satthari pasanno sāsane pabbajito nacirasseva arahā hutvā dibbacakkhunā attano pubbakammaṃ disvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhantiādimāha. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva. Sataraṃsiṃva bhāṇumanti satamattā satappamāṇā raṃsi pabhā yassa sūriyassa so sataraṃsi, gāthābandhasukhatthaṃ sataraṃsīti vuttaṃ, anekasatassa anekasatasahassaraṃsīti attho. Bhāṇu vuccati pabhā, bhāṇu pabhā yassa so bhāṇumā, bhāṇumasaṅkhātaṃ sūriyaṃ iva vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā sakesaraṃ nāgapupphaṃ gahetvā abhiropayiṃ pūjesinti attho. Sesaṃ uttānamevāti.
45《供花粉者长老譬喻注疏》结束。
Reṇupūjakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
46第十一品注疏结束。
Ekādasamavaggavaṇṇanā samattā.