2. 天子相应
1天子相应(Devaputtasaṃyuttaṃ)
2. Devaputtasaṃyuttaṃ
1第一品(Paṭhamavaggo)
1. Paṭhamavaggo
3第一迦叶经注(Paṭhamakassapasuttavaṇṇanā)
1. Paṭhamakassapasuttavaṇṇanā
82“天子”(devaputto)指天神的儿子。既然天神没有生育、被生育这类亲属关系,为什么还称他为天子呢?所以解释说“因为天神们……”等等。说“某位不出名的(apākaṭo aññataro)”,这是就大多数情况而言的。因为即使是出名的,在某些语境下也会被称作“某位(aññataro)”。在前面天神相应里,说的是“某位不出名的天神”,而在这里,则说的是“一位出名的天子(pākaṭo devaputto)”。同样地,他被称为“迦叶(kassapa)”,这是他的氏族名,而这个名称是依据他过去生中所成就的通称来称呼的。“教诫”(anusāsanaṃ)也就是“教导”(anusāso),所以“那个教诫”指的就是那个教导。“关于比丘的解释”(Bhikkhuniddesanti)是指对“比丘”(bhikkhu)这个词的解说。“比丘教诫”(Bhikkhuovādanti)指的是能成就比丘身份的教诫。可是,如果他没有亲耳听闻,又怎么能提出这个问难呢?他是依据从其他地方听来的内容提出了问难,并不是在世尊面前亲闻的状况。
82. Devassa putto devaputto. Devānaṃ janakajanetabbasambandhābhāvato kathamayaṃ devaputtoti vuccatīti āha ‘‘devānaṃ hī’’tiādi. ‘‘Apākaṭo aññataroti vuccatī’’ti idaṃ yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ. Pākaṭopi hi katthaci ‘‘aññataro’’ti vuccati. Heṭṭhā devatāsaṃyutte ‘‘apākaṭā aññatarā devatā’’ti vatvā idha ‘‘pākaṭo devaputto’’ti vuttaṃ. Tathā hissa kassapoti gottanāmaṃ gahitaṃ, tañca kho purimajātisiddhasamaññāvasena. Anusāsanaṃ anusāso, taṃ anusāsaṃ. Bhikkhuniddesanti bhikkhusaddassa niddesaṃ. Bhikkhuovādanti bhikkhubhāvāvahaṃ ovādaṃ. Yadi pana na assosi, kathamayaṃ pañhaṃ kathesīti? Aññato sutaṃ nissāya pañhaṃ kathesi, na pana bhagavato sammukhā sutabhāvena.
3“他们的”(tesaṃ)指的是前面所提到的那三种人。从“想要说(kathetukāmo ceva)”这句开始,引出了第四种人。对于前三种人,世尊不会承担解答他们问题的责任,因为他们或是在某一条件上有欠缺,或是在两种条件上都有欠缺。然而,对于这第四种人,由于他两种条件都圆满具足,所以世尊就承担起解答的责任。因此解释说“然而这位(ayaṃ pana)……”等等。
Tesanti yathāvuttānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ puggalānaṃ. ‘‘Kathetukāmo cevā’’tiādinā hi catutthaṃ idha uddhaṭaṃ. Tattha ādito tiṇṇaṃ bhagavā pañhaṃ bhāraṃ na karoti ekekaṅgavekallato ceva aṅgadvayavekallato ca, catutthassa pana ubhayaṅgapāripūrattā bhāraṃ karotīti āha ‘‘ayaṃ panā’’tiādi.
4在偈颂里,“善说的(subhāsitassā)”是用属格来表示对格的意义,因此注释说“应当修学善说(subhāsitaṃ sikkheyyā)”。当比丘学习以四圣谛等为核心的佛语时,就叫做学习四种语清净(善行)。所以注释说到“应学习以四圣谛为依据的……”等等。通过这种强调,排除了与之相对立的东西。“应亲近”(Upāsitabbanti)的意思是应反复修习、应修习、应多练习。“分为三十八种业处(aṭṭhatiṃsabhedaṃ kammaṭṭhānanti)”这句话,是基于把它看作是“观”(vipassanā)的基础来说的。正因如此,才有(注释)说:“通过第二句,阐述了增上慧学。”但是,如果有些人理解成“通过第二句,以心的寂止阐述了增上心学;再由增上心学阐述了增上慧学”,那他们应该知道,这里所说的“句”,仅仅是指纯粹的止业处,也就是那分为三十八种的业处。如果这样的话,那“通过八种等至”这个说法又该如何解释呢?他们解释说:“那是基于作为修观基础的等至而说的。”这样一来,“通过第二句,指增上慧学”这句话的合理性就成立了。“修学”(Sikkhanaṃ)的意思就是反复亲近。所以注释说“意思就是应当修习(bhāveyyāti attho)”。“亲近”(Upāsananti)就是恭敬亲近。为了说明这种亲近也包括学习未曾听闻的教法、受持业处等方式,所以说了“那也(tampī)”等话语。这部经通过“相”引导的方法,阐述了增上戒学。因为语清净的本质就是戒,所以通过把握语清净,也就同时把握了和它具有相同特相的身善行等其他善行。在这里,应当这样理解:增上戒学阐述了心远离,增上慧学阐述了依远离,增上心学阐述了身远离。而身远离在本经正文中已经按其具体形态明确提到了,所以三种远离都已经被阐明了。其余的内容就容易理解了。
Gāthāyaṃ ‘‘subhāsitassā’’ti upayogatthe sāmivacananti āha ‘‘subhāsitaṃ sikkheyyā’’ti. Catusaccādinissitaṃ buddhavacanaṃ sikkhanto catubbidhaṃ vacīsucaritaṃ sikkhati nāmāti āha ‘‘catusaccanissitaṃ…pe… sikkheyyā’’ti. Avadhāraṇena tappaṭipakkhaṃ paṭinivatteti. Upāsitabbanti āsevitabbaṃ bhāvetabbaṃ bahulīkātabbaṃ. Aṭṭhatiṃsabhedaṃ kammaṭṭhānanti idaṃ tassa vipassanāpadaṭṭhānataṃ hadaye ṭhapetvā vuttaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘dutiyapadena adhipaññāsikkhā kathitā’’ti. Ye pana ‘‘dutiyapadena adhicittasikkhā cittavūpasamena adhipaññāsikkhā’’ti paṭhanti, tesaṃ padena aṭṭhatiṃsappabhedakammaṭṭhānaṃ suddhasamathakammaṭṭhānasseva gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘aṭṭhasamāpattivasenā’’ti idaṃ kathanti? ‘‘Taṃ vipassanādhiṭṭhānānaṃ samāpattīnaṃ vasena kathita’’nti vadanti. Evañca katvā ‘‘dutiyapadena adhipaññāsikkhā’’ti idaṃ vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Sikkhanaṃ nāma āsevananti āha ‘‘bhāveyyāti attho’’ti. Upāsananti payirupāsanaṃ. Tañca kho assutapariyāpuṇanakammaṭṭhānuggahādivasena dassento ‘‘tampī’’tiādimāha. Adhisīlasikkhā kathitā lakkhaṇahāranayena. Vacīsucaritassa hi sīlasabhāvattā taggahaṇeneva tadekalakkhaṇaṃ kāyasucaritampi itarampi gahitamevāti. Ettha ca adhisīlasikkhāya cittaviveko, adhipaññāsikkhāya upadhiviveko, adhicittasikkhāya kāyaviveko kathito, kāyaviveko pana sarūpeneva pāḷiyaṃ gahitoti tividhassapi vivekassa pakāsitattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.
7第一迦叶经注结束。
Paṭhamakassapasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
8第二迦叶经注(Dutiyakassapasuttavaṇṇanā)
2. Dutiyakassapasuttavaṇṇanā
83“以两种禅那”(Dvīhi jhānehīti):指以所缘相和审察相为特征的两种禅那。“业处解脱”(Kammaṭṭhānavimuttiyāti):指由于致力于业处而获得的解脱。以此,他说的是彼分断解脱和镇伏断解脱。因为它是导师教法的核心、最内在的,涉及对心的傲慢的未证得与证得,但它在意义上其实是另一种东西,因此称为“阿拉汉果”。想要证得阿拉汉果的人,在修行时,如果还存在着必须断除的渴爱与邪见,阿拉汉果就不能成就;当这些渴爱与邪见不存在时,便能成就。由于修行者生起了这些渴爱和邪见,他在多大程度上依止它们,阿拉汉果也就多大程度上依止它们,因此被称为“有依止的”。所以注释说“不被依止的”等等。阿拉汉果由于有“应当被希求为目标”的意义而具有功德,所以说它是“有阿拉汉果为功德者”(arahattānisaṃso)。对于想要证得阿拉汉果的人,前分道是应当希求的。而在前分道中最首要的,是自己致力于修习业处,但经文中没有提到这一点。因此注释说:“圣典法是前分部分”。其中,“圣典法”(tantidhammoti)就是指教理法。
83.Dvīhi jhānehīti ārammaṇalakkhaṇūpanijjhānalakkhaṇehi dvīhi jhānehi. Kammaṭṭhānavimuttiyāti kammaṭṭhānānuyogaladdhāya vimuttiyā. Tena tadaṅgavikkhambhanavimuttiyo vadati. Satthusāsanassa hadayattā abbhantarattā hadayassa mānasassa, anupattiṃ paṭilābhamānasaṃ. Taṃ pana atthato aññā evāti āha ‘‘arahatta’’nti. Taṃ pattukāmena ekantato vajjetabbataṇhādiṭṭhīnaṃ bhāve tassa anijjhanato, tadabhāve ijjhanato ca te uppādanavasena yadaggena nissito, tadaggena panāyampi tehi nissito nāma hotīti āha ‘‘anissito’’tiādi. Arahattaṃ ānisaṃsitabbaṭṭhena ānisaṃsaṃ etassāti arahattānisaṃso. Arahattaṃ pattukāmassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadā icchitabbā. Tattha ca sabbapaṭhamo kammaṭṭhānaattānuyogo, so idha na gahitoti āha ‘‘tantidhammo pubbabhāgo’’ti. Tattha tantidhammoti pariyattidhammo.
10第二迦叶经注结束。
Dutiyakassapasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
11摩伽经注释
3. Maghasuttavaṇṇanā
84“摩伽”(Maghoti):这是帝释天过去生以来就有的名字。“彼即”(Svevāti):正是帝释天。“以行”(Vatenāti):以奉事父母等依法的行为。“其他”(Aññeti):已征服了随烦恼的恶法。“阿修罗”(Asuranti):成了因陀罗敌人的阿修罗。
84.Maghoti sakkassetaṃ nāmaṃ purimajātianugataṃ. Svevāti sakko eva. Vatenāti mātāpituupaṭṭhānādicārittadhammena . Aññeti upadhivepakkapāpadhamme abhibhavitvā. Asuranti indasattubhūtaṃ asuraṃ.
13摩伽经注释结束。
Maghasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
14摩揭陀经注释
4. Māgadhasuttavaṇṇanā
85第四经的义理前面已经说过了,那就是在《天相应》中注释过的内容,所以这里不必再讲,这是注释的用意。
85.Catutthasuttaṃ vuttatthamevāti devatāsaṃyutte saṃvaṇṇitatthameva, tasmā idha na vattabbo atthoti adhippāyo.
16摩揭陀经注释结束。
Māgadhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā
17《陀摩利经》注疏
5. Dāmalisuttavaṇṇanā
86「以彼为因」:以那个精勤作为原因,意思是“以精勤为因”。「无论何种有」:指任何小的、大的、低劣的或殊胜的有。「长时策励」:指长时间的精进努力。「事毕」:指事情的完成、终结。「亦然」:如同在证得阿罗汉果之前那样,之后也同样地,「以慧策励」即令精进坚固——说者是把精进视为如同会坏灭的法一样而说的。然而,为了现法乐住等目的而修习精进,则是应当希求的。
86.Tena kāraṇenāti tena padhānena kāraṇabhūtena, padhānakaraṇanimittanti attho. Yaṃ kiñci khuddakampi mahantampi hīnampi paṇītampi bhavaṃ. Āyatapaggahoti dīgharattassa vīriyārambho. Kiccavosānanti kiccaniṭṭhānaṃ. Tathevāti yathā arahattuppattito pubbe, tato pacchāpi tatheva ‘‘buddhipaggaho’’ti vīriyaṃ daḷhaṃ karotūti kuppadhammaṃ viya maññamāno vadati. Diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārādiatthaṃ pana vīriyakaraṇaṃ icchitabbameva.
9「无混杂」:即不混杂、纯粹,因为在其他地方没有出现这样的说法。因此说「因为世尊」等。如果是这样,为什么只在这里这么说呢?因此说「然而在这里」等。「立足处」:所谓河,本来就没有固定的岸,在那里,应立足之处即指河中应当站稳的地方。
Asaṃkiṇṇāti avomissā evaṃ aññattha anāgatattā. Tenāha ‘‘bhagavatā hī’’tiādi. Yadi evaṃ idheva kasmā etaṃ vuttanti āha ‘‘idha panā’’tiādi. Patiṭṭhanti nadī nāma anavaṭṭhitatīrā, tattha patiṭṭhātabbaṭṭhānaṃ.
20《陀摩利经》注疏结束。
Dāmalisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
21《迦摩达经》注疏
6. Kāmadasuttavaṇṇanā
87「先前修行者」:即过去曾是修行者,在前生中精勤于修习。据说这位尊者在迦叶世尊的教法中出家后,修习沙门法数千年,却未能证得殊胜成就。为了说明其原因,故说「由于烦恼深重」等。「一向清净」:指能带来殊胜成就的那种,如此一向清净、完全无杂染的。「依戒而心得定」:即如戒能成为向上引发殊胜、属于破障分的,如此正确地安立心、善具足心。由于成为那样、具足那些,故说「具足」。「安住自性」:因是有学,故以所证得的法,以不动摇的状态而确立自性。世尊因天子执取了「满足」,将会说「满足难得」,故世尊说「满足带来安乐」,注疏说这是「为了引发后面的提问」。「出家者、树下住者或露地住者」可称为入无家者,但若住在住所中,又如何说呢?因此说「七层楼」等。「对四资具满足」:即由修习精进而成就的、对四种资具的满足。由此显示,因心的寂止而获得了满足。「修习心寂止」:即修习能令心之烦恼寂止的,通过使包括意根在内的六根处于不享用的状态,以殊胜的方式修习令心寂止的修习,而乐于心——如此连接文意。
87.Pubbayogāvacaroti pubbe yogāvacaro purimattabhāve bhāvanamanuyutto. Ayaṃ kira kassapassa bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvāva bahūni vassasahassāni samaṇadhammaṃ akāsi, na pana visesaṃ nibbattesi. Tamatthaṃ kāraṇena saddhiṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘bahalakilesatāyā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Ekantaparisuddhassāti yathā visesāvaho hoti , evaṃ ekantena parisuddhassa sabbaso anupakkiliṭṭhassa. Sīlena samāhitāti yathā sīlaṃ uparūpari visesāvahaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyañca hoti, evaṃ sammadeva āhitacittā suṭṭhu sampannacittā. Tathābhūtā tena samannāgatā hontīti āha ‘‘samupetā’’ti. Patiṭṭhitasabhāvāti sekkhattā eva yathādhigatadhammena niccalabhāvena adhiṭṭhitasabhāvā. Mayā tuṭṭhiyā gahitāya devaputto ‘‘dullabhā tuṭṭhī’’ti vakkhatīti bhagavā ‘‘tuṭṭhi hoti sukhāvahā’’ti avocāti āha ‘‘upari pañhasamuṭṭhāpanattha’’nti. Pabbajito rukkhamūliko abbhokāsiko vā anagāriyupeto nāma hoti, senāsane pana vasanto kathanti āha ‘‘sattabhūmike’’tiādi. Catupaccayasantosoti bhāvanābhiyogasiddho catūsu paccayesu santoso. Tena cittavūpasamena tuṭṭhi laddhāti dasseti. Cittavūpasamabhāvanāyāti cittakilesānaṃ vūpasamakarabhāvanāya, manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ nibbisevanabhāvakaraṇena savisesaṃ cittassa vūpasamakarabhāvanāya rato manoti yojanā.
11在此,由于诸根寂静,心的等持得以圆满,因为通过诸根的修习,去除了那些不能令心安住的因素。由于增上心的等持,对四资具的满足变得特别清净、圆满,因为在资具的不得与得中,其本质都是舍离。然而,按照前述方式,对于知足者,其所受持的戒得以清净并达到圆满;成为那样之后,致力于四谛业处,依圣道的次第彻底断除一切烦恼,便成为见涅槃者。为了显示此义,故说「那些日夜……」等。难道他们不会去吗?他们一定会去。这是针对若舍弃圣道的修习,正确的实践是困难的,而带着疑虑说。因此说:「然而,世尊,这条道难行且不平坦。」
Ettha ca indriyūpasamena cittasamādhānaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ hoti indriyabhāvanāya cittasamādhānassa akārakānaṃ dūrīkaraṇato. Adhicittasamādhānena catupaccayasantoso savisesaṃ parisuddho paripuṇṇo ca hoti paccayānaṃ alābhalābhesu pariccāgasabhāvato. Vuttanayena pana santuṭṭhassa yathāsamādinnaṃ sīlaṃ visujjhati pāripūriñca upagacchati, tathābhūto catusaccakammaṭṭhāne yutto maggapaṭipāṭiyā sabbaso kilese samucchindanto nibbānadiṭṭho hotīti imamatthaṃ dasseti ‘‘ye rattindiva’’ntiādinā. Kiṃ na gacchissanti? Gamissantevāti ariyamaggabhāvanaṃ pahāya sammāpaṭipattiyā dukkarabhāvaṃ sandhāya sāsaṅkaṃ vadati. Tenāha ‘‘ayaṃ pana duggamo bhagavā visamo maggo’’ti.
12对此,有些人说:「这里的『然而』是指那位天子。因为他听到世尊说『圣者们去』,所以说了『难行,世尊』等。」这种理解并不合理。因为像「这是真实的」等语句,也同样被显示为那位天子的同义语。因此,你们所说的「圣者们所行的那条道」,而这位天子却说:「世尊,这条道难行且不平坦。」圣道有时确实也被称为「极苦行道」,但那是以预备道而言的。然而,这条道其实非常易行,因为它远离了一切烦恼的险阻,远离了身恶行等不平以及贪等不平,所以它并非不平坦。因此说「以预备道而言」等。「它的」:指圣道的。因为在增上戒学等方面,有许多需要克服的障碍,所以对于圣道来说,确实存在许多危难。如此,被称为「难行且不平坦」,即是这样说的。
Tattha keci ‘‘ayaṃ panāti devaputto. So hi bhagavato ‘ariyā gacchantī’ti vacanaṃ sutvā ‘duggamo bhagavā’tiādimāhā’’ti vadanti, taṃ na yujjati. Yasmā ‘‘saccameta’’nti evamādipi tasseva vevacanaṃ katvā dassitaṃ, tasmā ‘‘yena maggena ariyā gacchantī’’ti tumhehi vuttaṃ, ayaṃ pana ‘‘duggamo bhagavā visamo maggo’’ti āha devaputto. Ariyamaggo kāmaṃ kadāci atidukkhā paṭipadātipi vuccati, tañca kho pubbabhāgapaṭipadāvasena, ayaṃ pana atīva sugamo sabbakilesaduggavivajjanato kāyaduccaritādivisamassa rāgādivisamassa ca dūrīkaraṇato na visamo. Tenāha ‘‘pubbabhāgapaṭipadāyā’’tiādi. Assāti ariyamaggassa. Ariyamaggassa hi adhisīlasikkhādīnaṃ paribundhitabbabhāgena bahū parissayā hontīti. Evaṃ vuttoti ‘‘duggamo visamo’’ti ca evaṃ vutto.
13「垂头」:由于不努力,头顶朝下。因为在善法中,正见是最高的头,于一切中最殊胜;然而非圣者们堕落而不努力,因为他们行于邪道。因此说「以智首」等。「在非圣道上」:即邪道。因此说「在不平坦的道上」。由于行于彼道,非圣者们被圣者之道所弃,无法到达,从而堕入恶趣和整个轮回之苦中。「即此道」:这条非圣者们任何时候都无法行走的道,由于圣者们完全证得,故成为平坦的,因为他们是清净的众生。由于具足身不平等,在众生自身的不平坦中,圣者们完全断除了这些,因此在一切处都是平坦的。
Avaṃsirāti anuṭṭhahanena adhobhūtauttamaṅgā. Kusalaṅgesu hi sammādiṭṭhi uttamaṅgā sabbaseṭṭhattā , tañca anariyā patanti na uṭṭhahanti micchāpaṭipajjanato. Tenāha ‘‘ñāṇasirenā’’tiādi. Anariyamaggeti micchāmagge. Tenāha ‘‘visame magge’’ti. Taṃ magganato anariyā ariyānaṃ maggato apāpuṇanena pariccattā hutvā apāye sakalavaṭṭadukkhe ca patanti. Svevāti svāyaṃ anariyehi kadācipi gantuṃ asakkuṇeyyo maggo ariyānaṃ visuddhasattānaṃ sabbaso samadhigamena samo hoti. Kāyavisamādīhi samannāgatattā visame sattakāye tesaṃ sabbasova pahānena sabbattha samāyeva.
26《迦摩达经》注疏结束。
Kāmadasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
277. 《般遮罗旃陀经》注疏
7. Pañcālacaṇḍasuttavaṇṇanā
88「逼窄」:指被渴爱、烦恼等所挤压,由于极度挤压而处于极度逼窄之中。因为这里所指的,是极度成为行处之因的盖的逼窄。因为当那(盖的逼窄)不存在时,就像大迦叶等那样,五欲的逼窄就毫无机会(不能阻碍)。那盖的逼窄是难以克服的。「空间」:这是禅那的名称,因为没有盖的逼窄。因为以无逼窄的状态,所以禅那在这里被称为「空间」,而且它因为是绝对无逼窄之处、是观(毗钵舍那)的基础。「发现」等,正如经典中所说。其中,「发现」:即发现、获得。「广慧者」:即大智慧者,意为有慧者。「觉悟」:即觉了、现观。「隐退者中最上」:成为隐退者而最殊胜,或者在隐退者中最殊胜。由于因人间身分而高慢的状态,慢已被舍断,故称为「隐退者」。「获得」:即使在五欲的逼窄中,(他们想)「这些五欲对我们这样的人能做什么?」他们征服了它们,为了达到涅槃而获得了正念。他们也借由与之相应的出世间定,而极善等至(善得定)。
88.Sambādheti sampīḷitataṇhākilesādinā sauppīḷatāya paramasambādhe. Ativiya saṅkāraṭṭhānabhūto hi nīvaraṇasambādho adhippeto. So hi duggahano tasmiṃ asati kāmaguṇasambādho anavasaro eva seyyathāpi mahākassapādīnaṃ. Okāsanti jhānassetaṃ nāmaṃ nīvaraṇasambādhābhāvato. Asambādhabhāvena hi jhānaṃ idha ‘‘okāso’’ti vuttaṃ, tañca kho accantāsambādhaṭṭhānatāya vipassanāpādakatāya . Tathā hi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘avindī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha avindīti vindi paṭilabhi. Bhūrimedhasoti mahāpañño, sapaññoti attho. Abujjhīti bujjhi paṭivijjhi. Paṭilīno hutvā seṭṭho, paṭilīnānaṃ vā seṭṭhoti paṭilīnaseṭṭho. Mānussayavasena unnatabhāvato paṭilīno nāma pahīnamāno. Paṭilabhiṃsūti kāmaguṇasambādhepi ‘‘ime kāmaguṇā mādisānaṃ kiṃ karissantī’’ti? Te abhibhuyya nibbānappattiyā sammāsatiṃ paṭilabhiṃsu. Tena sampayuttena lokuttarasamādhināpi suṭṭhu samāhitā.
15据说这位天子在前分时(过去生)的蕴体中获得了初禅,从彼死后生于梵众天,在那里享受禅悦,从彼死后现在生于欲有,因此他随念那禅那而(心想):「世尊是如此禅悦的获得者」,以那功德称赞世尊而说出「在逼窄中……」之偈。那时,世尊为了显示:正如依于高六十八万由旬的须弥山王,芥子微不足道;同样,依于无边际、不可量的佛陀功德,色界初禅微不足道,而以「那些有念者……」等开示了无上功德的证得。其中,「念」:即与观之念俱的圣道念。「善定」:即以世间定与出世间定而极善等至(善得定)。因为他们是绝对善定者,并非仅仅是获得禅那者,因为他们是不动法者。有些人读作「kammante susamāhitā」(于业处善定),解释为「道等持」之意。
Ayaṃ kira devaputto ito purimavāre attabhāve paṭhamajjhānalābhī hutvā tato cavitvā brahmakāyikāsu nibbattitvā tattha jhānasukhaṃ anubhavitvā tato cuto idāni kāmabhave nibbatto, tasmā taṃ jhānaṃ sambhāvento ‘‘tādisassa nāma jhānasukhassa lābhī bhagavā’’ti tena guṇena bhagavantaṃ abhitthavanto ‘‘sambādhe vatā’’ti gāthaṃ abhāsi. Athassa bhagavā yathā nāma aṭṭhasaṭṭhiyojanasatasahassubbedhasinerupabbatarājaṃ upādāya sāsapo na kiñci hoti, evaṃ anantāparimeyyabuddhaguṇe upādāya rūpāvacarapaṭhamajjhānaṃ na kiñci hotīti dassento ‘‘ye sati’’ntiādinā anuttaraguṇādhigamaṃ pavedesi. Tattha satinti vipassanāsatiyā saddhiṃ ariyamaggasatiṃ. Susamāhitāti lokiyasamādhinā ceva lokuttarasamādhinā ca suṭṭhu samāhitā. Te hi accantaṃ susamāhitā, na jhānamattalābhino akuppadhammattā. Keci ‘‘kammante susamāhitā’’ti pāṭhaṃ vatvā ‘‘maggasamāhitā’’ti atthaṃ vadanti.
30《般遮罗旃陀经》注疏结束。
Pañcālacaṇḍasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
31第八 《陀耶那经》注疏
8. Tāyanasuttavaṇṇanā
89「过去是外道师」:因为在过去生中,由自己造作而引发了那种见,所以过去是外道师。因此他说「引发见之后」。另一些人说:「由于执取『这是我的导师』,他就会有外道师存在,所以过去是外道师,在过去蕴体(存在)时是外道师的弟子。」他们说:「『引发见』是指接受并执取了那位导师的见,这是其含义。」所谓「外道」,是指六十二见,因为脱离这些见就没有邪说。致力于外道者称为titthikā,他们也就是「外道」(titthiyā),这是将ka音变成ya音来说的。「他的」指如前所说的善业。「以异熟」意为以果报的方式。「与精进相应」意为精进的阐明,这是其含义。
89. Atītajātiyaṃ sayaṃkāravasena tāya diṭṭhiyā uppāditattā pubbe titthakaro. Tenāha ‘‘diṭṭhi uppādetvā’’ti. Apare āhu ‘‘ayaṃ me satthāti gahaṇavasena titthakaro assa atthīti pubbe titthakaro, atītattabhāve titthakarasāvako’’ti. Te ‘‘diṭṭhiṃ uppādetvāti tassa satthuno diṭṭhiṃ ādāya gahetvāti attho’’ti vadanti. Titthaṃ nāma dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo tabbinimuttassa micchāvādassa abhāvato. Titthe niyuttāti titthikā, te eva titthiyāti vuttā ka-kārassa ya-kāraṃ katvā. Tassāti yathāvuttassa kalyāṇakammassa. Nissandenāti phalabhāvena. Vīriyappaṭisaṃyuttāti vīriyadīpanāti attho.
17「不确定的教诫」:指不确定的规定,即以不确定的方式所作的教言。「爱流」指爱的系缚。「驱除」指平息、舍弃。「单一」即专一。因此他说「禅那」。「upapajjati」指不生起、不达到,因此他说「不获得」。「不应退缩」指不应陷入退缩。从在家生活出离,从各方面离开,称为「出离」(paribbajo)。由于受持出家法不坚固,以及在那里不恭敬行事,故为「松缓执取」。「atirekaṃ」指出家后比以前更多的时间。「上方」指更上方。突吉罗(恶作)不作才是善,即名为恶行者,完全不做才是带来利益的。
Aniyamitaāṇattīti aniyamavidhānaṃ aniyamavasena vidhivacanaṃ. Taṇhāsotanti taṇhāppabandhanaṃ. Nīharāti samehi pajaha. Ekattanti ekaggaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘jhāna’’nti. Upapajjatīti na uppajjati na pāpuṇātīti āha ‘‘na paṭilabhatī’’ti. Na osakkeyyāti na saṅkocaṃ āpajjeyya. Gharāvāsato paribbajanaṃ parito apagamoti paribbajo. Pabbajitavatasamādānassa adaḷhatāya ca tattha ca asakkaccakiriyāya sithilagahitā. Atirekanti pabbajjāya purimakālatopi adhikaṃ. Uparīti uparūpari. Dukkaṭaṃ akatameva seyyoti duccaritaṃ nāma sabbena sabbaṃ akatameva hitāvahaṃ.
18「任何」指任何业。「松缓地做」指因不恭敬行事而松缓地造作。「正是如此」指如同错误执取的沙门性一样,从后悔等后患的类比来看。「正是杂染的」,因为被渴爱杂染所染污。「被怀疑、被遍疑」指从一开始及从各方面都被他人怀疑。「梵行的开端」称为ādibrahmacariya,致力于此者称为ādibrahmacariyakā,意思是指道梵行的前行道。因此他说「是道梵行的开端」。「是前精进之因」指是最初发勤之因。
Yaṃ kiñcīti yaṃ kiñci kammaṃ. Sithilaṃ katanti asakkaccakāritāya sithilaṃ katvā pavattitaṃ. Evarūpamevāti evarūpaṃ parāmaṭṭhasāmaññasadisameva pacchānutāpacariyādipaṭibhāgato. Saṃkiliṭṭhameva taṇhāsaṃkilesaupakkiliṭṭhattā. Āsaṅkitaparisaṅkitantiādito samantatopi parehi saṅkitaṃ. Brahmacariyassa ādi ādibrahmacariyaṃ, tattha niyuttāti ādibrahmacariyikā, maggabrahmacariyassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadāti attho. Tenāha ‘‘maggabrahmacariyassa ādibhūtā’’ti. Pubbapadhānabhūtāti paṭhamārambhabhūtā.
35《陀耶那经》注疏结束。
Tāyanasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
36第九 《月宫天子经》注疏
9. Candimasuttavaṇṇanā
90当宫殿被抓住时,其中的居住者也被抓住了,因此说「月宫居住者天子」。「sabbadhī」:世尊,您从一切恶趣完全解脱,因此请也使我从此逼窄之处解脱,这是他的意图。因此他说「请成为我的归依」。「悲悯世间者」:即对一切世间之摄受,因此也是对你和这月天子的。「正是那样」即如是。「你解脱」即你解脱吧。因此他说「过去意义用了现在时的语词」。
90. Vimāne gahite taṃnivāsīpi gahito hotīti vuttaṃ ‘‘candavimānavāsī devaputto’’ti. Sabbadhīti sabbasmā duggaṭṭhānā vippamuttosi bhagavā tvaṃ, tasmā mayhampi ito sambādhaṭṭhānato vippamokkhaṃ karohīti adhippāyo. Tenāha ‘‘tassa me saraṇaṃ bhavā’’ti. Lokānukampakāti sabbassa lokassa anuggahā, tasmā tuyhampi etassapi candassa. Tādisā evāti samānā eva. Pamuñcasīti pamuñcittha. Tenāha ‘‘atītatthe vattamānavacana’’nti.
38月宫天子经注结束。
Candimasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
39第十 《日宫天子经》注疏
10. Sūriyasuttavaṇṇanā
91「令成黑暗」:另有人解释为令世间黑暗。因此他说「黑暗」。照耀就是发光。虽然依天子而言,天神先被举出,但罗睺的行动是在其天宫中,因此他说「圆轮」就是「圆形」。说吞时,是因为被口所捉。此处的口捉意指「吞下」,但并非吞咽,因此他说「说是吞下」。现在为了显示其能以口捉拿,故说「罗睺之口」等。「流」等,是显示这对日月被捉的原因。所住天神即日月的仆役天神。速度就是疾速。因为它是不可阻挡的,由业而确定的。顶端就是颈部上方的区域。有人说:「就是头顶。」将会逃出,是因为速度极快、力量强大。「拉出」就是朝他行进的方向拉出来。「罗睺」就是罗睺。即使想要向上跃起也会向下。通过这两词,显示他身躯巨大、力量强大,而日月的行进速度在任何情况下都是难以阻挡的。以天宫故,即捉月时以月天宫,捉日时以日天宫,两者都是连同天宫一起。在新月那天,两个天宫相距一由旬,一起运行。如果两位天子都证得了入流果,那么为何在《日经》中说「我的众生」,而在《月经》中没说呢?他们说:「据说那位天子不久就从那里死后生在别处,另有天神居住在那里。世尊在捉月时对那位天子说了此偈,而太阳并非如此,后来那里也时常有罗睺捉日之事。」
91.Andhabhāvakaraṇeti lokassa andhakaraṇetipi apare. Tenāha ‘‘tamasī’’ti. Virocatīti vijjotati. Kāmaṃ devaputtavasena paṭhamaṃ devatā uddhaṭā, rāhuno pana payogo tassa vimāneti āha ‘‘maṇḍalīti maṇḍalasaṇṭhāno’’ti. Vadati tadā mukhena gahitattā. Mukhena gahaṇañcettha ‘‘gilī’’ti adhippetaṃ, na ca ajjhoharaṇanti āha ‘‘gilīti vadatī’’ti. Idāni tassa mukhena gahaṇasamatthataṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘rāhussa hī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Sotiādi tassa candimasūriyānaṃ gahaṇakāraṇadassanaṃ. Adhivatthā devatāti candimasūriyānaṃ paricārakadevatā. Veganti javaṃ. So hi kenaci abhimukhaṃ atidunnivāro kammaniyāmasiddho. Matthakanti kaṇṭhassa uparimadesaṃ. Keci ‘‘sīsamatthakamevā’’ti vadanti. Nikkhameyya vegassa tikkhasīghathāmabhāvato. Ākaḍḍhitvāti attano gamanadisābhimukhaṃ ākaḍḍhitvā. Nanti rāhuṃ. Uddhaṃ ullaṅghetukāmampi onameyya. Padadvayenapi so mahāsarīro mahābalo, candimasūriyānaṃ pana gamanavego tena sabbathāpi dunnivāriyovāti dasseti. Vimānenāti candaggahe candavimānena, sūriyaggahe sūriyavimānena ubhinnampi vimānena saheva. Amāvāsiyañhi dve vimānāni yojanamattantaritāni hutvā saheva pavattanti. Yadi dvepi devaputtā sotāpattiphalaṃ pattā, atha kasmā sūriyasutte eva ‘‘pajaṃ mama’’nti vuttaṃ, na candasutteti? ‘‘So ca kira na cirasseva tato cavitvā aññattha nibbatto, aññā eva ca devatā tattha vasi, yasmiṃ candaggahe bhagavā taṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi, na tathā sūriyo, aparabhāge pana tatthapi kālena kālaṃ rāhuggaho hotī’’ti vadanti.
41《日经》的注疏已经完成了。
Sūriyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
42第一品的注释已经完成了。
Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
212. 给孤独品
2. Anāthapiṇḍikavaggo
441. 《月天子经》的注疏
1. Candimasasuttavaṇṇanā
92从山边流下的河水,那种河流回转的地方也由于地形狭窄,就像峡谷一样,所以被称为「在山峡中」。因为远离了对立的法,并且具有最殊胜的义理,所以独自生起,这称为「一境」,也就是心专注在一个对象上。在那专注一境的状态中,通过修行而拥有专一心的人,在这里就叫做「一境者」。他们从对立法中保护自己,让自己清净,所以称为「明智者」,就是有智慧的人。因此,世尊才说出了「一境心且……」等话语。因为能够以殊胜的忆念,清楚地记得身体等种种所缘,所以称为「具念者」。因此,世尊说他们是「具念者」。他们会安稳地度过:正如在之前所说的环境中,鹿可以安稳地、不受灾难地活动一样,同样地,证得禅那的人,也会安稳地、不被烦恼侵扰地生活着。据说,这位天子虽然身处梵天界,却自以为已经证得涅槃,所以才会这样说。世尊心想:「这位天子明明还没到达涅槃,却自以为已经到达了涅槃。好吧,就让我来为他指明通往涅槃的道路。」因此宣说了第二首偈颂。由于是渡过四瀑流,或者说是渡过轮回这个大瀑流后所抵达的岸边,所以把「彼岸」叫作涅槃。生于水中的,称为「水生」,也就是鱼。意思是,那些具念者,会像鱼咬破渔网逃脱一样,冲破了烦恼的网之后而离去。
92. Pabbatataṭā sandamāno tathārūpo nadīnivattanapadesopi sambādhaṭṭhānatāya kaccho viyāti āha ‘‘pabbatakacchepī’’ti. Paṭipakkhadūrībhāvena seṭṭhaṭṭhena ca eko udetīti ekodi, ekaggatā. Tasmiṃ yogato ekaggacittā idha ekodī. Paṭipakkhato attānaṃ nipayanti visodhentīti nipakā, paññavanto. Tenāha ‘‘ekaggacittā cevā’’tiādi. Kāyādibhedaṃ ārammaṇaṃ sātisayāya satiyā sarantīti satā. Tenāha ‘‘satimanto’’ti. Sotthiṃ gamissantīti yathāvuttapadese magā sotthimanupaddavena vattissanti, evaṃ jhānalābhino sotthiṃ kilesehi anupaddutā vattissanti. Ayaṃ kira devaputto brahmaloke nibbānasaññī, tasmā evamāha. Bhagavā ‘‘ayaṃ devaputto anibbānagāmī samāno nibbānagāmisaññī, handassa nibbānagāmino dassemī’’ti dutiyaṃ gāthamāha. Catunnaṃ oghānaṃ, saṃsāramahoghasseva vā paratīrabhāvato paratīranti nibbānaṃ. Ambuni jāto ambujo, maccho. Suttajālaṃ chinditvā macchā viya kilesajālaṃ bhinditvā gamissantīti.
46《月天子经》的注疏已经完成了。
Candimasasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
472. 《韦纽经》的注疏
2. Veṇḍusuttavaṇṇanā
93「Payirupāsiyā」:这个词的意思是「由于亲近」。「Sikkhantī」:意思是「他们学习」,指他们修学三种学。「Siṭṭhipadeti」:由于能教诫烦恼,以及令人对轮回的苦产生畏惧,所以称之为「教诫」。这指的是应当随顺教诫而修行之处,它的意思就是正法。因此,世尊说「在教诫处」。在这里,「教诫」就是指正法。「Kāleti」:是指在合适的、恰如其分的时机。这里所谓的「不放逸」,就是指修习止与观。
93.Payirupāsiyāti payirupāsahetu. Sikkhantīti tissopi sikkhā sikkhanti. Siṭṭhipadeti kilesānaṃ sāsanato vaṭṭadukkhaparittāsanato ca siṭṭhisaññite yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjitabbato pade, saddhammeti attho. Tenāha ‘‘anusiṭṭhipade’’ti. Tattha anusiṭṭhīti saddhammo. Kāleti yuttapattakāle. Appamādonāma samathavipassanābhāvanā.
49《韦纽经》注疏结束。
Veṇḍusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
503. 《长杖经》注疏
3. Dīghalaṭṭhisuttavaṇṇanā
94同样地,「被了知」:就是被了知为长骨,以这样的指示而得到这个名称。
94.Tathevapaññāyīti dīghalaṭṭhitveva paññāyi, tathāsamaññā eva ahosi.
52《长骨经》注疏结束。
Dīghalaṭṭhisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
534. 《难陀经》注疏
4. Nandanasuttavaṇṇanā
95「无碍」:因为没有它的漩涡和障碍,所以称为无碍。如同树或山是众生肉眼的障碍,能像那样制伏众生的所知障,这里是不存在的。「怎样的」:指怎样的处所,或怎样的种类。「苦」:指轮回之苦。
95. Natthi etassa āvaṭṭaṃ āvaraṇanti anāvaṭaṃ. Rukkho vā pabbato vāti sattānaṃ pakaticakkhussa āvaraṇabhūto rukkho viya pabbato viya ca abhibhavituṃ samattho ñeyyāvaraṇo natthi. Kathaṃvidhanti kathaṃsaṇṭhitaṃ, kathaṃpakāraṃ vā. Dukkhanti vaṭṭadukkhaṃ.
55《难陀经》注疏结束。
Nandanasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
565. 《栴檀经》注疏
5. Candanasuttavaṇṇanā
96「下面」指欲有。因为在那里流转时,立足处难得,那里的众生大多只是沉没其中,所以说「下面」是轮回中无立足处。「上面」指广大有。因为在那里投生者,要攀登涅槃却难以找到所缘,他们由于禅那之乐而对那里有强烈的贪恋,所以说「上面」是轮回中无所缘处。「心已被派遣的人」指心已朝向涅槃的人。「三种业行」指福行等三种行。因此,在说了「以喜为前导的业有」之后,接着说「生起喜」。以「欲想」之名来指代欲贪,而由于以欲贪为首的诸下分结也被包含在内,所以(注释)说「由取欲想而取五下分结」。「色有」省略了‘有’字而说为「色」。而在这里,取了色有,同时也取了其余的有。取了它的结,也就取了五种上分结。「大瀑流」指轮回大瀑流。「它们的」:由于取了欲有等,以‘有’的状态,它们具有同一特征,因此通过特征把握的方法,无色有也被包含在内了。其余的部分容易理解。
96.Heṭṭhāti kāmabhave. Tattha hi paribbhamantassa patiṭṭhā dullabhā yebhuyyena tattha sattā nimuggā eva honti, tasmā heṭṭhā appatiṭṭho saṃsāro. Uparīti mahaggatabhave. Tattha hi nibbattassa nibbānaṃ āruhituṃ ālambanā dullabhā, jhānābhiratiyā tattheva nikanti tesaṃ balavatī hoti, tasmā upari anālambano saṃsāro. Pesitattoti nibbānaṃ pati pesitacitto. Tayo kammābhisaṅkhārāti puññābhisaṅkhārādayo tayo abhisaṅkhārā. Tena ‘‘nandīpubbako kammabhavo’’ti vatvā ‘‘nandiṃ janetvā’’ti vutto. Kāmasaññāsīsena kāmacchandassa gahaṇaṃ, kāmacchandapamukhāni ca orambhāgiyasaṃyojanāni gahitānīti āha ‘‘kāmasaññāgahaṇena pañcorambhāgiyasaṃyojanānī’’ti. Rūpabhavo rūpaṃ bhavapadalopena. Rūpabhavaggahaṇena cettha sesabhavassapi gahaṇaṃ. Tassa saṃyojanaggahaṇena pañca uddhambhāgiyasaṃyojanāni gahitāni. Mahogheti saṃsāramahoghe. Tesanti kāmabhavādīnaṃ gahaṇena bhavabhāvena tadekalakkhaṇatāya. Arūpabhavo gahito lakkhaṇahāranayena. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.
58《栴檀经》注疏结束。
Candanasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
596. 《瓦苏达陀经》注疏
6. Vāsudattasuttavaṇṇanā
97第六经的意义,正如前面在《天相应注疏》中所说的那样。
97.Chaṭṭhaṃ heṭṭhā devatāsaṃyuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttatthameva.
61《瓦苏达陀经》注疏结束。
Vāsudattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
627. 苏梵天经注疏
7. Subrahmasuttavaṇṇanā
98「苏梵天」是那位天子的名字。为了说明他来到世尊面前的原因,经文说道:「据说他……」等。这正是那个天子悲伤的缘起故事。「被天女众围绕」指被大约一千位天女围绕着。「喜林苑游戏」指在喜林苑中的游戏。「来到手中」意指变得可以执取、掌握。这里所说的「串起」,应当理解为是在编结花环,因为他沉迷于游戏之中。否则的话,就单纯是指花朵随着心念的不同状态,以花环的形式来到他手中。「以中断(生命)的业力」:意思是,虽然他在那个天界的寿命还有剩余,但由于那个具有破坏性的恶业得到了机会,才导致如此。这里的「一击」是指一天中分为三份的那一份,所以「仅一击」就是‘只一次’的意思。
98.Subrahmāti tassa devaputtassa nāmaṃ. Tassa satthu santikūpasaṅkamanassa kāraṇaṃ dassento ‘‘so kirā’’tiādimāha. Tadeva sokaṃ tassa devaputtassa aṭṭhuppatti. Accharāsaṅghaparivutoti sahassamattena accharāsaṅghena parivuto. Nandanakīḷikanti nandanavanakīḷikaṃ. Hatthaṃ āgacchatīti hatthagayhupago hoti. Ganthentīti ettha mālāveṭhanampi khiḍḍāpasutatāyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Aññathā pupphāniyeva tāya tāya cittassa vasena mālābhāvena hatthaṃ upagacchantīti. Upacchedakakammavasenāti tasmiṃ devaloke āyusese sati eva tassa pana upaghātakassa laddhokāsassa pāpakammassa vasena. ‘‘Pahāro’’ti divasassa tatiyo bhāgo vuccati, tasmā ekappahārenevāti ekavelāyamevāti attho.
29「由于失去可爱对象而产生的悲伤」指出于对所爱之人的缘故而生起的悲伤。「受苦」指正在遭受折磨。「第七天」指按照人间的算法是在第七天。「就在那里」意思是,他本应就那样和她们一起投生在那个地狱里,这是因为他之前和她们一起造了恶业。「受苦」在此指心里生起了恐惧。「驱除」意为赶走、去除。「到世尊面前」指他和那五百位天女一同来到世尊跟前。
Piyavatthukasokenāti piyavatthunimittakena sokena. Ruppamānoti pīḷiyamāno. Sattame divaseti manussagaṇanāya sattame divase. Tatthevāti tasmiṃyeva niraye nibbattitabbaṃ iminā tāhi ca saheva pubbe tassa pāpakammassa katattā. Ruppīti cittasantāsaṃ āpajji. Niddhamitunti nīharituṃ apanetuṃ. Satthu santikaṃ gantvāti tāhi pañcasatāhi accharāhi saddhiṃ bhagavato santikaṃ gantvā.
30「此」指自己的心,因为它是近在眼前的、现前的。「恒常」就是一直如此。而这个「恒常」的含义必须根据意图来理解,因此为了说明应该舍弃什么和应该执取什么,他说了「在天界」等。不应该执取,因为它基于原因而生起,而之前并没有那样的恐惧。「于诸苦」即在众苦之中。在偈颂里,那些因由因缘所造作,所以称为「诸作业」。或者「诸作业」是指困苦之因。因为他那些努力失败与趣处失败,这些苦可能即以此为因缘而现起;而他的这些努力失败和趣处失败,通过来到世尊面前而得以减损。「已生已见」是指依于已经生起的(苦)而见到了苦。「于诸苦中」——这里处处都是以处格表示‘在……之中’的含义。如同被内心的热恼焚烧一般。
Idantiattano cittaṃ dasseti āsannapaccakkhabhāvato. Niccanti sadā. Svāyaṃ niccattho adhippāyavasena gahetabboti tattha pahātabbaṃ gahetabbañca dassento ‘‘devaloke’’tiādimāha. Na gahetabbo hetupavattito pubbe tassa utrāsassa abhāvato. Tesūti dukkhesu. Tāni hi hetupaccayehi kattabbato gāthāyaṃ ‘‘kicchesū’’ti vuttāni. Kicchesūti vā kicchanimittaṃ. Yāsañhi payogavipattīnaṃ vasenassa tāni dukkhāni uppajjeyyuṃ, taṃnimittanti attho. Tā hi assa payogavipattiyo gativipattiyo satthu santikaṃ upagamanena hāyeyyuṃ. Nibbattānaṃ diṭṭhānīti nibbattānaṃ vasena diṭṭhāni dukkhāni. Tesu ca dukkhesu. Sabbattha nimittatthe bhummaṃ. Ḍayhamāno viya cittasantāpena.
31觉悟了知、通达四谛,所以称为「菩提(觉)」,它是念等法的集合,因此是从觉而称为觉。但是那种菩提是以修习的方式进行的,而‘bojjhā’是离格(从格),由于连音词形变化,着眼于‘解脱’一词,所以说「觉支修习」。「苦功德」指「头陀支」法。因为它能热恼贪欲,所以是苦行;而它自身是功德自性,又为功德所依,因此称为功德。所以他说「名为头陀支的苦功德」。一切行所摄在这里被舍离,所以称为「一切舍离」,也就是无为界涅槃,因而说「一切舍离」就是指从涅槃(而说)。
Cattāripi saccāni bujjhati paṭivijjhatīti bodhi, satiādidhammasāmaggī, tasmā bojjhā bodhito. Sā pana bodhi bhāvanākāreneva pavattati, aññatrasaddayogena ca ‘‘bojjhā’’ti nissakkavacananti tadatthaṃ dassento muñcitvāpadaṃ apekkhitvā ‘‘bojjhaṅgabhāvana’’nti āha. Tapoguṇanti dhutadhammamāha. So hi taṇhāloluppassa tapanato tapo, sayaṃ guṇasabhāvattā guṇasannissayato ca guṇanti. Tenāha ‘‘dhutaṅgasaṅkhātaṃ tapoguṇa’’nti. Sabbe saṅkhāragatā nissajjīyanti etthāti sabbanissaggo, asaṅkhatadhātūti āha ‘‘sabbanissaggāti nibbānato’’ti.
32「根抑制」由于修行次第的缘故,应被理解为第一,因为它是首要的。为了显示那个修行次第,他说「因为在根抑制中」等。从无余的意义上说,觉支是包含在道中的,所以称为「与观俱的觉支」。「彼」即指那位瑜伽行者,因为达到了那样的状态。由于世尊为那位天子说了那首偈颂后,接着又开示了诸谛,因此说「世尊依四谛展开了教说」。天子证得了入流果:虽然这里应当理解为只是他个人获得了殊胜的证悟,但还应知道他其实是与大约五百位天女一同证得了入流果。因此在《大念处经》注疏中说:「他在教说结束时,与五百位天女一同证得了入流果,使那个成就稳固后,就返回了天界。」
Indriyasaṃvarovapaṭhamaṃ veditabbo paṭipattikkamavasena tasseva paṭhamattā. Taṃ pana paṭipattikkamaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘indriyasaṃvare hī’’tiādimāha. Nippariyāyato maggapariyāpannā eva bojjhaṅgāti āha ‘‘sahavipassanāya bojjhaṅge’’ti. Tassāti tathābhāvena tassa yogino. Yasmā devaputtassa satthā taṃ gāthaṃ vatvā upari ca saccāni pakāsesi, tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘bhagavā catusaccavasena desanaṃ vinivattesī’’ti. Devaputto sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahīti kāmaṃ tasseva visesādhigamo idhāgato, pañcasatamattāhi pana accharāhi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahīti veditabbaṃ. Tenāha mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.373; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.106) ‘‘so desanāpariyosāne pañcahi accharāsatehi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāya taṃ sampattiṃ thāvaraṃ katvā devalokameva agamāsī’’ti.
68《苏梵天经》注疏结束。
Subrahmasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
698. 《迦拘陀树经》注
8. Kakudhasuttavaṇṇanā
99当说到‘我欢喜’时,那位天子想谴责说:‘欢喜’是出家者的污垢,便问道:‘你欢喜吗?’那时,世尊为了否定他,说:‘获得了什么?’以此显示:‘你所期待的欢喜在我这里根本没有因缘,哪里会有那种欢喜呢?’因此他说‘名为满足……’等。然后天子又想:如果没有欢喜,就应该有悲伤,而悲伤也是出家者的污垢,于是指责说:‘那么,沙门,你悲伤吗?’世尊同样否定了,说:‘失去了什么?’等,意思是在问:‘有什么能让我失去?’
99. ‘‘Nandāmī’’ti vutte nandī nāma pabbajitassa malanti codetukāmo devaputto ‘‘nandasī’’ti pucchi. Athassa bhagavā taṃ paṭikkhipanto ‘‘kiṃ laddhā’’ti? Āha. Tena ‘‘tayā mama adhippetanandiyā idha paccayo eva natthi, kuto sā nandī’’ti dasseti. Tenāha ‘‘tuṭṭhi nāmā’’tiādi. Atha devaputto nandiyā asati sokena bhavitabbaṃ, soko ca pabbajitassa malanti codento āha ‘‘tena hi, samaṇa, socasī’’ti. Bhagavā tampi paṭikkhipanto ‘‘kiṃ jīyitthā’’tiādimāha. Kiṃ maṃ jinātīti attho?
34既然对他来说喜与忧都不存在,因为引起欢笑的原因——获得和减损——都没有,那么作为独居者,应该会有不乐吧?于是他问道:‘你是否独坐时,不乐不侵袭你?’即使那也被世尊否定了。接着他便询问他们那些喜、忧、不乐都不存在的理由,说出‘你是如何……’的偈颂。那时,世尊为了揭示那个理由,说出‘生在苦中者……’的偈颂。在这里,‘生在苦中者’意思是生在那苦之中的人。所以说‘处于流转苦中者’。对于已生渴爱、未断除渴爱的人,流转苦必定降临,因为原因未被断除。正是为了显示那原因未被断除,而说‘因为苦者希求乐,这是所说的’。由苦的现起,那渴爱的现起也被指示了出来。最后以‘如是……’等归结方式,显示了已经说明的意义。
Yadi te nandisokā na santi hāsavatthuno lābhassa jāniyā ca abhāvato, ekavihārino pana aratiyā bhavitabbanti āha – ‘‘kacci taṃ ekamāsīnaṃ, aratī nābhikīratī’’ti. Tasmimpi bhagavatā paṭikkhitte atha nesampi nandisokāratīnaṃ abhāve kāraṇaṃ pucchanto ‘‘kathaṃ tva’’nti gāthamāha? Athassa bhagavā taṃ kāraṇaṃ pavedento ‘‘aghajātassā’’ti gāthamāha. Tattha aghajātassāti aghe jātassa. Tenāha ‘‘vaṭṭadukkhe ṭhitassā’’ti. Jātataṇhassa appahīnataṇhassa vaṭṭadukkhaṃ āgatameva kāraṇassa appahīnattā. Tasseva hi kāraṇassa appahīnataṃ dassento ‘‘dukkhī sukhaṃ patthayatīti hi vutta’’nti āha. Dukkhappavattiyā sāpi taṇhāppavatti tena dassitā. Itītiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ nigamanavasena dasseti.
72《迦拘陀树经》注疏结束。
Kakudhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
73第九「郁多罗经」注疏
9. Uttarasuttavaṇṇanā
100第九「郁多罗经」的义理,已经在前面的「天神相应」注疏中说过了。
100.Navamanti uttarasuttaṃ heṭṭhā devatāsaṃyuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttatthameva.
75「郁多罗经」注疏结束。
Uttarasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
76第十「给孤独经」注疏
10. Anāthapiṇḍikasuttavaṇṇanā
101在第十经中,虽然这些偈颂也出现在「天神相应」里,比如‘这就是那座祇园’等。在那里,把‘某位天神’立为起因。由于它是按照与前面相同的方式出现的,所以在经本中没有记载。然而,在这里的「天子相应」中,‘给孤独天子’既出现在起因部分,也出现在结语部分。在那里,那位天子通过讲述导师所开示的各类功德的方式来宣说。但是,导师为了让比丘们了知这个义理,便说‘某位天子’。接着,为了说明这样宣说的理由,他说道:‘对阿难长老……’等。‘以推论的智慧’:指以推理的智慧。‘为了彰显威力’:是为了显示大威力的意思。
101. Dasame kāmaṃ devatāsaṃyuttepi ‘‘idaṃ hi taṃ jetavana’’ntiādinā imā eva gāthā āgatā. Tattha ‘‘aññatarā devatā’’ti nidānaṃ āropitaṃ. Heṭṭhā āgatanayattā eva hi potthakesu na likhitaṃ, idha pana devaputtasaṃyutte ‘‘anāthapiṇḍiko devaputto’’ti nidāne nigame ca āgataṃ, tattha devaputtena satthu vuttappakāraguṇapavedanavasena vuttaṃ. Satthā pana bhikkhūnaṃ tamatthaṃ pavedento ‘‘aññataro devaputto’’ti āha. Tathā pavedane pana kāraṇaṃ dassento ‘‘ānandattherassā’’tiādimāha. Anumānabuddhiyāti anumānañāṇassa. Ānubhāvappakāsanatthanti baladīpanatthaṃ.
78「给孤独经」注疏结束。
Anāthapiṇḍikasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
79「第二品」注疏结束。
Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
373. 「诸外道品」
3. Nānātitthiyavaggo
81尸婆经注释
1. Sivasuttavaṇṇanā
102102. “第三品的第一部经”是指第三品中的第一经。它所说的义理,和前面《沙都喇巴咖衣咖天品》的第一部经相同。
102.Tatiyavaggassa paṭhamanti tatiyavagge paṭhamasuttaṃ. Vuttatthameva heṭṭhā satullapakāyikavagge paṭhamasutte.
83尸婆经注释结束。
Sivasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
842. 安稳经注释
2. Khemasuttavaṇṇanā
103103. ‘一开始’:因为老死等现象存在的关系,从最初就应该修行。‘作剧烈忧虑’:就像那个驾车的人,不知道在崎岖的路上赶车,当车轴断掉的时候,他没办法补救,痛苦、忧恼,生起剧烈的思虑,心里产生极大的焦灼。同样,一个说非正法的人,当他面临死亡时,也会产生剧烈的心焦灼。因此,对于法行不应该放逸。
103.Paṭhamaṃyevāti jarāmaraṇādibhāvato pageva. Balavacintanaṃ cintetīti yathā sākaṭiko ajānitvā visame magge sakaṭaṃ pājento akkhe chinne patikātuṃ avisahanto dukkhī dummano balavacintanaṃ cinteti, mahantaṃ cittasantāpaṃ pāpuṇāti, evaṃ adhammavādī maccumukhaṃ patto balavacittasantāpaṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmā dhammacariyāya nappamajjitabbanti.
86安稳经注释结束。
Khemasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
873. 《塞利经》释义
3. Serīsuttavaṇṇanā
104104. ‘我施那布施’:指我把那应施法施与他人。‘成为它的主人’:意思是,在对那应施法所起的贪爱完全被克服之后,成为它的主宰而行布施,因为此时不再被贪爱所牵动。在说了‘不是奴仆、不是朋友’之后,为了从正面和反面显示那两种状态,才说‘因为’等下文。‘成为奴仆而施与’,是因为落入了渴爱的奴役之中。‘成为朋友而施与’,是因为对应施物有喜爱之情而舍不得放弃。‘成为主人而施与’,是因为把自己从渴爱的奴役中解脱出来,克服了贪爱而这样去做。因为这种布施的行为,就像主人自主地受用物品一样。
104.Yaṃdānaṃ demīti yaṃ deyyadhammaṃ parassa demi. Tassa pati hutvāti tabbisayaṃ lobhaṃ suṭṭhu abhibhavanto tassa adhipati hutvā demi tena anākaḍḍhanīyattā. ‘‘Na dāso na sahāyo’’ti vatvā tadubhayaṃ anvayato byatirekato dassetuṃ ‘‘yo hī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Dāso hutvā deti taṇhāya dāsabyassa upagatattā. Sahāyo hutvā deti tassa piyabhāvāvissajjanato. Sāmī hutvā deti taṇhādāsabyato attānaṃ mocetvā abhibhuyya pavattanato. Sāmiparibhogasadisā hetassāyaṃ pavattatīti.
41或者,也可以这样理解:具足布施习惯的布施者,依布施的方式差别,可分为三类——‘布施奴仆’、‘布施朋友’、‘施主’。为了分别说明这三类,所以说‘因为’等。所谓‘布施’,是以应被施与的意义而说的,即指食物、饮品等应施法。其中,对于自己受用的东西,由于被渴爱所控制,随其支配而转,所以就像是‘奴仆’一样。至于施与他人的,在这里也同样依食物、饮品等的共通性而说:‘成为被称为布施的应施法之奴仆而施与’。‘成为朋友而施与’,是指将自己受用的与他人应得之物,作同等的安立来行布施。‘成为主人而施与’,是指自己不随应施法的支配而转,反而让那应施法随自己的意愿而转。
Atha vā yo dānasīlatāya dāyako puggalo, so dāne pavattibhedena dānadāso dānasahāyo dānapatīti tippakāro hotīti dasseti. Tadassa tippakārataṃ vibhajitvā dassetuṃ ‘‘yo hī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Dātabbaṭṭhena dānaṃ, annapānādi. Tattha yaṃ attanā paribhuñjati taṇhādhipannatāya, tassa vase vattanato dāso viya hoti. Yaṃ paresaṃ dīyati, tatthapi annapānasāmaññena idaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘dānasaṅkhātassa deyyadhammassa dāso hutvā detī’’ti. Sahāyo hutvā deti attanā paribhuñjitabbassa paresaṃ dātabbassa ca samasamaṭṭhapanena. Pati hutvā deti sayaṃ deyyadhammassa vase avattitvā tassa attano vase vattāpanato.
42还有另一种解释:如果自己受用殊胜的物品,却把下劣的施与他人,这人便称为‘布施奴仆’,因为藉由这样的因缘,他会感得下劣的果报。如果自己受用什么,就施与他人同样的东西,这人便称为‘布施朋友’,因为藉由这样的因缘,他摆脱了优劣的分别,而感得相等的果报。如果自己受用下劣的,却把殊胜的施与他人,这人便称为‘施主’,因为藉由这样的因缘,他达到了最殊胜的果报。要知道,业果是与业相应的,因此那位天子说‘施主’,正是在表明:‘我过去就是那样的施主。’
Aparo nayo – yo attanā paṇītaṃ paribhuñjitvā paresaṃ nihīnaṃ deti, so dānadāso nāma tannimittanihīnabhāvāpattito. Yo yādisaṃ attanā paribhuñjati, tādisameva paresaṃ deti, so dānasahāyo nāma tannimittanihīnādhikabhāvavissajjanena sadisabhāvāpattito. Yo attanā nihīnaṃ paribhuñjitvā paresaṃ paṇītaṃ deti, so dānapati nāma tannimittaseṭṭhabhāvappattito. Kammasarikkhako hi vipāko, tasmā devaputto ‘‘dānapatī’’ti vadanto ‘‘ahaṃ tādiso ahosi’’nti dasseti.
43为了详细阐明圣典中“于四门施与”的略说之义,而说“据说他”等。“布施”即所施物,且那是就一切所共通的情况而作的,所以说“沙门……乃至……乞求者”。“出家者”指进入任何一种出家的人。“说‘尊者’者”是指仅凭出生即为婆罗门者。那时,由于世间无佛,他们未获得(福田)。“苦难者”指生活困苦、谋生艰难者,因此说“贫穷的人们”。无力从事耕种、经商等生计者,在此意指“悲悯者”,所以说“盲人、驼背等”。“旅行者”即行路人。“乞食者”指如裸形外道等,借由称叹施者功德与称叹业果而乞求之人,因此说“所施物已施与”等。“一把量”依已去壳稻谷等而说。“一钵量”依粥饭等而说。犹如村庄之利是在村庄中生起之收入,如是彼处门利亦然,所以说“于彼处生起十万”。他们作了更盛大的布施,因为其余财富也已用于(布施)分配。指此而言,即指作了那更盛大的布施。因为国王在那里的布施,被后宫的布施大胜而如同退失,所以说“退失”。“某处”中,“koci”一词是表处义的自代词,所以说“在某处”。由于这位国王是在寿命长达数万岁的劫中出生,所以他在八万年中行布施。
‘‘Catūsu dvāresu dānaṃ dīyitthā’’ti pāḷiyaṃ saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthāretvā dassetuṃ ‘‘tassa kirā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Dānanti yiṭṭhaṃ, tañca kho sabbasādhāraṇavasena katanti āha ‘‘samaṇa…pe… yācakāna’’nti. Pabbajjūpagatāti yaṃ kiñci pabbajjaṃ upagatā. Bhovādinoti jātimattabrāhmaṇe vadati. Nālattha buddhasuññattā tadā lokassa. Duggatāti dukkhajīvikakappakā kasiravuttikā. Tenāha ‘‘daliddamanussā’’ti. Kasivāṇijjādijīvikaṃ anuṭṭhātuṃ asamatthā idha ‘‘kapaṇā’’ti adhippetāti āha ‘‘kāṇakuṇiādayo’’ti. Pathāvinoti addhikā. Vanibbakāti dāyakānaṃ guṇakittanakammaphalakittanavasena yācakā seyyathāpi naggādayo. Tenāha ‘‘iṭṭhaṃ dinna’’ntiādi. Pasatamattanti vīhitaṇḍulādivasena vuttaṃ. Sarāvamattanti yāgubhattādivasena. Yathā gāmalābho gāme uppajjanako āyalābho, evaṃ tattha dvāralābhoti āha ‘‘tattha uppajjanakasatasahasse’’ti. Mahantataraṃ dānaṃ adaṃsu aññassapi dhanassa viniyogaṃ gatattā. Taṃ sandhāyāti taṃ mahantataraṃ dānaṃ kataṃ sandhāya. Rañño hi tattha dānaṃ itthāgārassa dānena mahatā abhibhūtaṃ viya paṭinivattaṃ hotīti āha ‘‘paṭinivattī’’ti. Kocīti bhummatthe paccattavacanaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘katthacī’’ti. Anekavassasahassāyukakāle tassa uppannattā asītivassasahassāni so rājā dānamadāsīti.
92师子经注释结束。
Serīsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
934. 陶师经注释
4. Ghaṭīkārasuttavaṇṇanā
105105. 第四项经文的含义,与前面《天神相应》的注疏中所说相同。
105.Catutthaṃ heṭṭhā devatāsaṃyuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttatthameva.
95陶师经注释结束。
Ghaṭīkārasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
965. 人经注释
5. Jantusuttavaṇṇanā
106对于在律中无知、于杂染法与清净法不熟练、任何应做的都不做、充满追悔的人,他们未生起的掉举会生起,已生起的会增长、扩大,所以说“将不适宜的看作适宜……乃至……本性掉举”。由于无实质且空虚,如芦苇一般,故为“芦苇”,即“慢”,所以说“高举如芦苇”。因此说“生起了空虚的慢”。因为慢由于“我殊胜”、“我等同”的现起,在特殊意义上是空虚的。“由于浮躁”指浮躁的状态,义为渴爱贪求。“嘴粗”指口出粗恶,义为粗恶语者。“散乱之语”指散漫之言,因闲谈而无边际之言。所以说“不约束言语”等。“如在湍流中系住的船”——以此显示其行为不稳固。具足此等状态的有情,不能在一处站立或坐下,而到处游走。“心不确立”指心不能安住于一所缘。“根门不防护”指眼等根门不防护。
106. Ye vinaye apakataññuno saṃkilesikesu vodāniyesu dhammesu na kusalā yaṃ kiñci na kārino vippaṭisārabahulā. Tesaṃ anuppannañca uddhaccaṃ uppajjati, uppannañca bhiyyobhāvaṃ vepullaṃ āpajjatīti āha ‘‘akappiye kappiyasaññitāya…pe… uddhaccapakatikā’’ti. Sārābhāvena tucchattā ca naḷo viyāti naḷo, mānoti āha ‘‘unnaḷāti uggatanaḷā’’ti. Tenāha ‘‘uṭṭhitatucchamānā’’ti. Māno hi seyyassa seyyoti sadisoti ca pavattiyā visesato tuccho. Cāpallenāti capalabhāvena, taṇhāloluppenāti attho. Mukhakharāti mukhena pharusā, pharusavādinoti attho. Vikiṇṇavācāti visaṭavacanā, samphappalāpatāya apariyantavacanā. Tenāha ‘‘asaṃyatavacanā’’tiādi. Caṇḍasote baddhanāvāsadisāti etena anavaṭṭhitakiriyataṃ dasseti. Yena samannāgatā sattā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhātuṃ vā nisīdituṃ vā na sakkonti, ito cito ca vicaranti. Anavaṭṭhitacittāti ekasmiṃ ārammaṇe na avaṭṭhitacittā. Vivaṭaindriyāti asaṃvutacakkhādiindriyā.
46当与功德一起谈论时,无功德者的过失就会显露,犹如放在宝石旁边的玻璃,其瑕疵就会显现。“乐住者”指安住于安乐。犹如对施主们是易护持的,同样地,以安乐、无困难而转起生计。因此说“以前的比丘”等。
Guṇakathāya saddhiṃ kathiyamāno nigguṇassa aguṇo pākaṭo hoti jātimaṇisamīpe ṭhitassa viya kācamaṇino doso. Sukhajīvinoti sukhe ṭhitā. Yathā dāyakānaṃ subharaṃ hoti, evaṃ sukhena akicchena pavattajīvikā. Tenāha ‘‘pubbe bhikkhū’’tiādi.
47依自己的意愿带领村庄事务者为“村长”,但他轻蔑地称他们为“村长们”。舍弃——即以失念放舍而舍弃,因烦恼之昏迷,即名为多欲的渴爱之昏迷。因为天子是针对持戒者的恶行而说的。正是应当被教诫的——即应当被我以教诫来摄受。被丢弃者——被阿阇梨、亲教师等所舍弃者。由此成为无救护、无依止者。亡者——失去生命者、死者。如同亡者一样,他们由于无自利能力及被智者所厌离而成为(亡者)。
Attano rucivasena gāmakiccaṃ netīti gāmaṇi, te pana hīḷento vadati ‘‘gāmaṇikā’’ti. Vissajjetvāti sativossaggavasena vissajjetvā kilesamucchāyāti mahicchāsaṅkhātāya taṇhāmucchāya. Sīlavantānaṃyeva hi duppaṭipattiṃ sandhāya devaputto vadati. Vattabbayuttakeyevāti ovādena mayā anuggahetabbameva. Chaḍḍitakāti pariccattā ācariyupajjhāyādīhi. Tato eva anāthā appatiṭṭhā. Petāti vigatajīvitā matā. Yathā petā, tatheva honti attahitāsamatthatāya viññūnaṃ jigucchitabbatāya ca.
100人经注释结束。
Jantusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
1016. Rohitassa经注释
6. Rohitassasuttavaṇṇanā
107“于一处”指在被称为轮围边际的一处。“地”:“此处”一词是表处所之词,虽是泛说,但因“这是世间之边”之言,便成了特定之义。说了“不生不死”后,为何又说“不殁不生起”呢?他说:“这是为了显示前后……乃至……被摄持”。“以步而行”指以步伐而行。他想要在上开示圣谛,故依行法世间之边而说。因为行法世间之边即是涅槃。
107.Ekokāseti cakkavāḷassa pariyantasaññite ekasmiṃ okāse. Bhummanti ‘‘yatthā’’ti idaṃ bhummavacanaṃ, sāmaññato vuttampi ‘‘so lokassa anto’’ti vacanato visiṭṭhavisayameva hoti. ‘‘Na jāyati na mīyatī’’ti vatvā puna ‘‘na cavati na upapajjatī’’ti kasmā vuttanti āha ‘‘idaṃ aparāparaṃ…pe… gahita’’nti. Padagamanenāti padasā gamanena. Saṅkhāralokassa antaṃ sandhāya vadati upari saccāni pakāsetukāmo. Saṅkhāralokassa hi anto nibbānaṃ.
49拥有坚固、结实的弓,所以称为「坚弓者」。他也就被称为「坚法者」。因此说「坚弓者」。「以最上量」是指以千力之量。由于修习了弓术而成为弓箭手,并非仅仅持弓的人,所以说「弓箭手即弓术老师」。说了「弓箭手」之后,又说「已修习」,就可以知道他是修习弓学的人,而修习在这么长的时间里,对于有能力的人已达到极致,所以说「修习弓术十年或十二年」。「乃至一个牛吼地的范围」:二十拃为一个牛吼地,在那样的范围内。「毛端」即毛的尖端。「手法熟练」即熟悉手法。「善于防护」指通过展示显露防护处的方面而成为善于防护的人。因此说「展示过技艺了」。有的人则说「掌握了技艺了」。靠着它射出去,所以称为「箭」(asanaṃ, kaṇḍo)。「手掌的影子」就是手掌的影像,但那大小约为一拃,或四指宽。
Daḷhaṃ thiraṃ dhanu etassāti daḷhadhanvā. So eva daḷhadhammoti vutto. Tenāha ‘‘daḷhadhanū’’ti. Uttamappamāṇenāti sahassathāmappamāṇena. Dhanusippasikkhitatāya dhanuggaho, na dhanuggahamattenāti āha ‘‘dhanuggahoti dhanuācariyo’’ti. ‘‘Dhanuggaho’’ti vatvā ‘‘sikkhito’’ti vutte dhanusikkhāya sikkhitoti viññāyati, sikkhā ca ettake kāle samatthassa ukkaṃsagato hotīti āha ‘‘dasa dvādasa vassāni dhanusippaṃ sikkhito’’ti. Usabhappamāṇepīti vīsatiyaṭṭhiyo usabhaṃ, tasmiṃ usabhappamāṇe padese. Vālagganti vāḷakoṭiṃ. Katahatthoti paricitahattho. Katasarakkhepoti vivaṭasarakkhepapadesadassanavasena sarakkhepakatāvī. Tenāha ‘‘dassitasippo’’ti. ‘‘Katasippo’’ti keci. Asanti etenāti asanaṃ, kaṇḍo. Tālacchāyanti tālacchādiṃ, sā pana ratanamattā, vidatthicaturaṅgulā vā.
50「东方大海」是指在一个轮围世界里的东方的海。这里用大海的顶部来指东方轮围的口沿。「西方大海」这个说法也是同样的道理。「没有障碍」就是没有迟缓。「到达」是指以那样的速度行走而到达。在提到「到阿耨达池」这里,也是把「到达」这个词带过来关联,同样在说「嚼了龙蔓齿木」那里也是如此。「那时」是指当他成为寻找世界边际的人的时候。「长寿时」是指有数千年寿命的那个时期。「轮围世界」:这里是依通称而用单数,意思就是指轮围世界。他因为由先前奉事所成就的爱著,而投生在这个轮围世界。在说到「有想有念的人中」时,这不只是指色法,而是显示五蕴的聚合。「止息罪恶者」即已断尽杂染法的人。
Puratthimasamuddāti ekasmiṃ cakkavāḷe puratthimasamuddā. Samuddasīsena puratthimacakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiṃ vadati. Pacchimasamuddoti etthāpi eseva nayo. Nippapañcatanti adandhakāritaṃ. Sampatteti tādisena javena gacchantena sampatte. Anotatteti etthāpi ‘‘sampatte’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandho, tathā ‘‘nāgalatādantakaṭṭhaṃ khāditvā’’ti etthāpi. Tadāti yadā so lokantagavesako ahosi, tadā. Dīghāyukakāloti anekavassasahassāyukakālo. Cakkavāḷalokassāti sāmaññavasena ekavacanaṃ, cakkavāḷalokanti attho. Imasmiṃyeva cakkavāḷe nibbatti pubbaparicariyasiddhāya nikantiyā. Sasaññimhi samanaketi na rūpadhammamattake, atha kho pañcakkhandhasamudāyeti dasseti. Samitapāpoti samucchinnasaṃkilesadhammo.
105《赤马天子经》注释结束。
Rohitassasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
1067-8. 《难陀经》及《难底维萨罗经》注释
7-8. Nandasuttanandivisālasuttavaṇṇanā
108-109108-109. 《难陀经》和《维萨罗经》是第七、第八经。因为它们跟前述内容性质相似,所阐述的义理也是一样的。
108-109. Nandasuttavisālasuttāni sattamaaṭṭhamāni heṭṭhā saṃvaṇṇitarūpattā vuttatthāneva.
108《难陀经》及《难底维萨罗经》注释结束。
Nandasuttanandivisālasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
1099. 《须尸摩经》注释
9. Susimasuttavaṇṇanā
110110.「Tuyhampinoti」指的是「tuyhampi nu」,也就是“也对于你吗?”;其中的“nu”是疑问词,表示说话人想要讲述功德而发问,这是他的意图。「Na vaṭṭatīti」指不相应、不合理;说话人已经开始讲述(kathito),因此才会说“不到达顶点”(matthakaṃ na pāpuṇāti)。为了说明什么叫做不到达顶点,所以又说“他确实……”(so hi)等。因为缺少正念与正知,所以被称为「牛性者」(gorūpasīlo),意思是愚痴、智慧已经败坏,就像牛的性格一样,所以称作牛性者。「同分者」(Sabhāgo)是指内心具有相同性质的状态。圣者的同分性,是因为具足功德,所以彼此对对方的功德生起清净信心(aññamaññassa guṇesu pasīditvā)。「十六种慧」(Soḷasavidhaṃ paññanti)就是指:大慧等六种慧,九种次第住等至的智慧,以及漏尽智──合起来就是十六种慧。六十二种声闻们共通的智慧也都包含、收摄在这里面。
110.Tuyhampinoti tuyhampi nu, nu-saddo pucchāyaṃ, tasmā vaṇṇaṃ kathetukāmo pucchatīti adhippāyo. Na vaṭṭatīti na yujjati, kathitoti kathetuṃ āraddho, tenāha ‘‘matthakaṃ na pāpuṇātī’’ti. Tameva matthakāpāpuṇanaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘so hī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Satisampajaññāyogato gorūpasīlo, mūḷho khalitapañño, gorūpassa viya sīlaṃ etassāti hi gorūpasīlo. Sabhāgo ekarūpacittatāya. Ariyānaṃ sabhāgatā nāma guṇavantavasenāti āha ‘‘aññamaññassa guṇesu pasīditvā’’ti. Soḷasavidhaṃ paññanti mahāpaññādikā cha, nava anupubbavihārasamāpattipaññā, āsavakkhayapaññāti imaṃ soḷasavidhaṃ paññaṃ. Tesaṭṭhi sāvakasādhāraṇañāṇānipi ettheva saṅgahaṃ samosaraṇaṃ gacchanti.
53「Ānandāti」指世尊对长老说。「Ācāroti」指行戒(cāritta-sīla)。「Gocaroti」指行处的成就。「Vihāroti」指定中的等至安住(samāpatti-vihāra)。「Abhikkamo」等指以行、住、坐、卧四种威仪的安住(iriyāpatha-vihāra)。在“tuyhampi”(也对你)这句话中,通过“pi”(也)字,世尊表明以自己为首,所有其他智者也同样欢喜长老所表达的内容;为了显示这一点,世尊才说了“mayhaṃ ruccati”(我也喜欢)等语。虽然阿难陀长老本来就包含在八十位大长老之中,但世尊在说完“这令八十位大长老都欢喜”(asītiyā mahātherānaṃ ruccati)之后,又特别说“也令你欢喜”(tuyhampi ruccati),这应当理解为世尊想借这个机会,让这位法将(dhammasenāpati)进一步解说他对法的理解。
Ānandāti theraṃ āha. Ācāroti cārittasīlamāha. Gocaroti gocarasampatti. Vihāroti samāpattivihāro. Abhikkamotiādinā iriyāpathavihāraṃ. Tuyhampīti pi-saddena bhagavatā attānaṃ ādiṃ katvā tadaññesaṃ viññūnaṃ sabbesaṃ therassa ruccanasabhāvo dīpitoti dassento ‘‘mayhaṃ ruccatī’’tiādimāha. Tattha satipi ānandattherassapi asītiyā mahātherānaṃ antogadhabhāve ‘‘asītiyā mahātherānaṃ ruccatī’’ti vatvā ‘‘tuyhampi ruccatī’’ti vacanaṃ tena dhammasenāpatino vaṇṇaṃ kathāpetukāmatāyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.
54「Sāṭakantare」指在所穿衣服的夹层之间。「Laddhokāso」指获得了机会,好像在衣服里被唤醒一样,得到了可以进入并执取(入胎)的时机。「Labhissāminoti」指“我一定能够得到”。「Dīpadhajabhūtanti」指已经成为广达一百由旬的阎浮提(Jambudīpa)的幢相,也就是人中最为殊胜者。「Puggalapalāpeti」指(胎儿)正带着一个内在没有坚实、如同谷糠一样的补特伽罗(puggala)去投生。所谓「Bālatāyāti」,是指因为心中没有喜好、忍耐等善法,所以叫做愚。「Dosatāyāti」指以嗔心的状态。「Mohenāti」指以极度愚痴的状态。但也有些人这样解释差别:‘bālo bālatāya(愚者因为愚而不了知)’是指由于天生就愚痴的状态,所以不能如实了知;‘mūḷho mohena(迷者因为痴而不了知)’是指自己本来并非愚者,但是当被痴所缠缚的时候,就由于痴而不能如实了知。这就是这两个词的区别。「Vipallatthacitto」指因为非人的疯狂或者胆病引起的疯狂而变得心识颠倒的人。
Sāṭakantareti nivatthavatthantare. Laddhokāsoti nibbuddhaṃ karonto sāṭakantare laddhaṃ gahetuṃ laddhāvasaro. Labhissāminoti labhissāmi vata. Dīpadhajabhūtanti satayojanavitthiṇṇaṃ jambudīpassa dhajabhūtaṃ. Puggalapalāpeti antosārābhāvato palāpabhūte puggale haranto. Bālatāyāti rucikhantiādiabhāvatāya. Dosatāyāti dussakabhāvena. Mohenāti mahāmūḷhatāya. Keci pana ‘‘bālo bālatāyāti mūḷhatāya pakatibālabhāvena na jānāti. Mūḷho mohenāti sayaṃ abālo samānopi yadā mohena pariyuṭṭhito hoti, tadā mohena na jānāti, ayaṃ padadvayassa viseso’’ti vadanti. Vipallatthacittoti yakkhummādena pittummādena vā viparītacitto.
55为了显示经文中所说的‘于四种善巧’这四种善巧,才说了‘此已说’等。其中,若有人如实了知十八界从集起、灭去、味、过患、出离方面的情况,此人即是界善巧。依所说的方法于诸处善巧者,是处善巧。于无明等十二缘起支善巧者,是缘起善巧。如实了知‘这是此果的处、因,这是非处、非因’,如是于处知为处,于非处知为非处者,是处非处善巧。然而,若有人通过对这些界等以遍知、现观等方式,以那被称为‘智者’的、无所执著而行的智慧,在此世间来去运作,此人即名为智者。
‘‘Catūsukosallesū’’ti vuttaṃ catubbidhaṃ kosallaṃ pāḷiyā eva dassetuṃ ‘‘vuttaṃ heta’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yo aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo samudayato atthaṅgamato assādato ādīnavato nissaraṇato ca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dhātukusalo. Vuttanayena āyatanesu kusalo āyatanakusalo. Avijjādīsu dvādasapaṭiccasamuppādaṅgesu kusalo paṭiccasamuppādakusalo. ‘‘Idaṃ imassa phalassa ṭhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ, idaṃ aṭṭhānaṃ akāraṇa’’nti evaṃ ṭhānañca ṭhānato, aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānato ṭhānāṭṭhānakusalo. Yo pana imesu dhātuādīsu pariññābhisamayādivasena nissaṅgagatiyā paṇḍāti laddhanāmena ñāṇena ito gato pavatto, ayaṃ paṇḍito nāma.
56因为能执持广大的义理,所以他有广大的智慧,故称‘大慧者’。其余词句也依同样道理,所以说‘意思是成就了大慧等’。所谓‘种种’,即由于成就了这些大慧等,长老被称扬为‘大慧者’等,这些大慧等的这种不同,就是这里的差别。为了显示对于任何事物,尤其是非色法的‘大’性,应通过其作用的成就来了解,故说:‘他执持广大的戒蕴’等。其中,戒蕴的广大性应从因的广大、缘的广大、依止的广大、分类的广大、作用的广大、果的广大和功德的广大来了解。其中,因指无贪等;缘指惭、愧、信、念、精进等;依止指被决定为声闻菩提、独觉菩提、正等觉的定性,以及具足这些的殊胜之人;分类指行持等区分;作用指通过彼分断等方式摧破对立面;果指天界成就与涅槃成就;功德指可爱、可意等。这是此处的概要,详细则应依《清净道论》、《可爱经》等中所说的方法来了解。依同样的方法,定蕴等的广大性也应适当地分析确定而了解。然而,处非处等的广大性,应通过其所缘的广大来了解。其中,处非处的所缘广大,应依《多界经》等中所说的方法来了解;住定等至的广大性,应依在定蕴中所确定的方法来了解。圣谛的广大性,由于含摄了整个教法,应依《谛分别》及其注释中所说的方法来了解;念处等的广大性,应依《念处分别》等及其注释中所说的方法来了解;沙门果的广大性,由于能成就大利益、大安乐、大义利、大安稳,且是寂静、微妙、甚深、超越寻思、唯智者所证知的;神通的广大性,由于有广大的资粮、广大的所缘、广大的作用、广大的威力、广大的成就;涅槃的广大性,应知由于成就了摧破我慢等大义利。‘执持’的意思是:从自性等方面确定地执取、了知、通达。而那个,即是大慧的状态。
Mahantānaṃ atthānaṃ pariggaṇhanato mahatī paññā etassāti mahāpañño. Sesapadesupi eseva nayoti āha ‘‘mahāpaññādīhi samannāgatoti attho’’ti. Nānattanti yāhi mahāpaññādīhi samannāgatattā thero ‘‘mahāpañño’’tiādinā kittito, tāsaṃ mahāpaññādīnaṃ idaṃ nānattaṃ ayaṃ vemattatā. Yassa kassaci visesato arūpadhammassa mahattaṃ nāma kiccasiddhiyā veditabbanti tadassa kiccasiddhiyā dassento ‘‘mahante sīlakkhandhe pariggaṇhātī’’tiādimāha. Tattha hetumahantatāya paccayamahantatāya nissayamahantatāya pabhedamahantatāya kiccamahantatāya phalamahantatāya ānisaṃsamahantatāya ca sīlakkhandhassa mahantabhāvo veditabbo. Tattha hetū alobhādayo. Paccayā hirottappasaddhāsativīriyādayo. Nissayā sāvakabodhipaccekabodhisammāsambodhiniyatatā, taṃsamaṅgino ca purisavisesā. Pabhedo cārittādivibhāgo. Kiccaṃ tadaṅgādivasena paṭipakkhassa vidhamanaṃ. Phalaṃ saggasampadā nibbānasampadā ca. Ānisaṃso piyamanāpatādi. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.8-9) ākaṅkheyyasuttādīsu (ma. ni. 1.64 ādayo) ca āgatanayena veditabbo. Iminā nayena samādhikkhandhādīnampi mahantatā yathārahaṃ niddhāretvā veditabbā. Ṭhānāṭṭhānādīnaṃ pana mahantabhāvo mahāvisayatāya veditabbo. Tattha ṭhānāṭṭhānānaṃ mahāvisayatā bahudhātukasuttādīsu āgatanayena, vihārasamāpattīnaṃ samādhikkhandhe niddhāritanayena veditabbā. Ariyasaccānaṃ sakalasāsanasaṅgaṇhanato saccavibhaṅge (vibha. 189 ādayo) taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāsu (vibha. aṭṭha. 189 ādayo) āgatanayena; satipaṭṭhānādīnaṃ satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅgādīsu (vibha. 355 ādayo) taṃsaṃvaṇṇanādīsu (vibha. aṭṭha. 355 ādayo) ca āgatanayena; sāmaññaphalānaṃ mahato hitassa mahato sukhassa mahato atthassa mahato yogakkhemassa nipphattibhāvato santapaṇītanipuṇaatakkāvacarapaṇḍitavedanīyabhāvato ca; abhiññānaṃ mahāsambhārato mahāvisayato mahākiccato mahānubhāvato mahānipphattito ca; nibbānassa madanimmadanādimahatthasiddhito mahantatā veditabbā. Pariggaṇhātīti sabhāvādito paricchijja gaṇhāti jānāti paṭivijjhatīti attho. Sā panāti mahāpaññatā.
57‘广慧’:在此,智慧运行于种种蕴中。即,依‘这是色蕴……乃至……这是识蕴’,如是对于五蕴的差别,智慧得以运行。依彼等中每一蕴的差别:一类色蕴、十一类色蕴、一类受蕴、多类受蕴、一类想蕴、行蕴、识蕴,如是对于每一蕴的一类等差别,乃至对于过去等差别,智慧得以运行。同样,依‘这是眼处……乃至……这是法处’,其中十处是欲界,二处是四地,如是对于诸处的差别,智慧得以运行。于‘种种界’中:即‘这是眼界……乃至……这是意识界’。其中,十六界是欲界,二界是四地,如是对于界的差别,智慧得以运行。应知这是就所执取界而说的。因为独觉佛和两位上首弟子的智慧,只是在所执取界中依差别而运行,而且这也只是部分地,并非毫无遗漏,他们对于非所执取界的差别,是完全不知的。至于其他声闻弟子,就更不必说了。然而,唯有对一切知佛而言,依界的差别,智慧得以运行:由于此界偏盛,这棵树的树干是白色,这棵是黑色,这棵光滑,这棵树皮厚,这棵树皮薄,这棵树的叶子在颜色、形状等方面是这样;这棵树的花是青色、黄色、红色、白色,有香或无香;果实是小的、大的、长的、圆的、形状好、光滑、粗糙、香、甜、苦、酸、辣、涩;刺是锋利、极锋利、直的、弯的、铜色、红色、白色。
Puthupaññāti ettha nānākhandhesu ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti ayaṃ rūpakkhandho nāma…pe… ayaṃ viññāṇakkhandho nāmāti evaṃ pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Tesu ekavidhena rūpakkhandho, ekādasavidhena rūpakkhandho, ekavidhena vedanākkhandho, bahuvidhena vedanākkhandho, ekavidhena saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, viññāṇakkhandhoti evaṃ ekekassa khandhassa ekavidhādivasena atītādivasenapi nānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Tathā idaṃ cakkhāyatanaṃ nāma…pe… idaṃ dhammāyatanaṃ nāmaṃ. Tattha dasāyatanā kāmāvacarā, dve catubhūmakāti evaṃ āyatanānaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Nānādhātūsūti ayaṃ cakkhudhātu nāma…pe… ayaṃ manoviññāṇadhātu nāma. Tattha soḷasa dhātuyo kāmāvacarā, dve catubhūmakāti evaṃ dhātunānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati, taṃ upādiṇṇadhātuvasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ paccekabuddhānañhi dvinnaṃ aggasāvakānañca upādiṇṇadhātūsu eva nānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati. Tañca kho ekadesamattato, na nippadesato, anupādiṇṇakadhātūnaṃ pana nānākaraṇaṃ na jānanti eva. Itarasāvakesu vattabbameva natthi, sabbaññubuddhānaṃyeva pana imāya nāma dhātuyā ussannattāva imassa rukkhassa khandho seto hoti, imassa kāḷo, imassa maṭṭho, imassa bahalattaco, imassa tanuttaco, imassa pattaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānādivasena evarūpaṃ; imassa pupphaṃ nīlaṃ pītakaṃ lohitakaṃ odātaṃ, sugandhaṃ duggandhaṃ; phalaṃ khuddakaṃ mahantaṃ dīghaṃ vaṭṭaṃ susaṇṭhānaṃ maṭṭhaṃ pharusaṃ sugandhaṃ madhuraṃ tittakaṃ ambilaṃ kaṭukaṃ kasāvaṃ; kaṇṭako tikhiṇo atikhiṇo ujuko kuṭilo tambo lohito odāto hotīti dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca ñāṇaṃ pavattati.
58「于诸义」:指在色等所缘中。「于种种缘起」:指由于内与外、形态的不同而分为各种类的缘起支当中。因为无明等每一支,各自都被称为一个缘起。所以在《论藏》中说‘十二缘,即十二缘起’。「于种种空、不可得」:指在具有种种自性的法当中,由于缺乏常与坚实等核心,所以是空的;正因如此,这些自性法是没法被执取为‘男人’、‘女人’、‘我’、‘我所’等的。这里的‘ma’字是连接词。「于种种义」:指属于义无碍解范围的,由缘所生等种种分类的义理。「于诸法」:指属于法无碍解范围的,即缘等种种法。「于诸词」:指那些对义与法进行确定的言说,也就是词无碍解当中。「于诸辩」:指以义无碍解等为所缘,因为智慧能在其中种种适当地显现、安住,了知‘这些词句是阐明此义的’,因而被称为‘辩’的智慧当中。在「种种广、种种戒蕴」等句中:戒的广大与种种性已经讲过了。其余定蕴等,依所说的方法很容易理解,实际上也很清楚了。然而,对于那唯一而纯一的涅槃,应当以方便的分别来理解它的‘广’,因此说:‘超越了为众人所共通的禅那等法’。这样,在此处便通过摧破我慢等的方式,显示了涅槃的广大性。
Atthesūti rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu. Nānāpaṭiccasamuppādesūti ajjhattabahiddhābhedato ca saṇṭhānabhedato ca nānappabhedesu paṭiccasamuppādaṅgesu. Avijjādiaṅgānañhi paccekaṃ paṭiccasamuppādasaññitāti. Tenāha saṅkhārapiṭake ‘‘dvādasa paccayā dvādasa paṭiccasamuppādā’’ti. Nānāsuññatamanupalabbhesūti nānāsabhāvesu niccasārādivirahato suññasabhāvesu, tato eva itthipurisaattaattaniyādivasena anupalabbhesu sabhāvesu. Ma-kāro hettha padasandhikaro. Nānāatthesūti atthapaṭisambhidāvisayesu paccayuppannādibhedesu nānāvidhesu atthesu. Dhammesūti dhammapaṭisambhidāvisayesu paccayādinānādhammesu. Niruttīsūti tesaṃyeva atthadhammānaṃ niddhāraṇavacanasaṅkhātāsu niruttīsu. Paṭibhānesūti atthapaṭisambhidādīsu visayabhūtesu ‘‘imāni idamatthajotakānī’’ti tathā tathā paṭibhānato patiṭṭhānato paṭibhānānīti laddhanāmesu ñāṇesu. Puthu nānāsīlakkhandhesūtiādīsu sīlassa puthuttaṃ nānattañca vuttameva. Itaresaṃ pana vuttanayānusārena suviññeyyattā pākaṭameva. Yaṃ pana abhinnaṃ ekameva nibbānaṃ, tattha upacāravasena puthuttaṃ gahetabbanti āha ‘‘puthu janasādhāraṇe dhamme samatikkammā’’ti. Tenassa idha madanimmadanādipariyāyena puthuttaṃ dīpitaṃ hoti.
59像这样,从智慧所缘境的角度显示了慧的广大与多样后,现在,为了从与慧一起生起的法来显示喜悦的状态,从运行活动的特点来显示快速的状态,从功能作用来显示锐利等状态,而说了‘什么是喜悦慧’等。在这里,「多喜悦者」指多欢喜的人。其余的词语是它的同义词。所谓‘圆满了戒’:指充满欢喜与踊跃,精神振奋昂扬,用带着欢喜的智慧,除了巴帝摩卡戒之外——因为下文把更令人喜悦的定慧单独拿出来讲了——以喜悦慧圆满了其余的三类戒。因为伴随着喜和悦的智慧,它在所缘上运行时,就像盛开的花一样绽放,与那种伴随着舍受的智慧不同。在‘圣戒蕴、圣定蕴’等句中,道理也一样。以‘长老’等句,显示长老的喜悦慧是由他宿世的愿求所成就的。
Evaṃ visayavasena paññāya mahattaṃ puthuttañca dassetvā idāni sampayuttadhammavasena hāsabhāvaṃ, pavattiākāravasena javanabhāvaṃ, kiccavasena tikkhādibhāvañca dassetuṃ ‘‘katamā hāsapaññā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha hāsabahuloti pītibahulo. Sesapadāni tassa vevacanāni. Sīlaṃ paripūretīti haṭṭhapahaṭṭho udaggudaggo hutvā pītisahagatāya paññāya pātimokkhasīlaṃ ṭhapetvā hāsanīyatarasseva visuṃ gahitattā itaraṃ tividhaṃ sīlaṃ paripūreti. Pītisomanassasahagatā hi paññā abhirativasena tadārammaṇe phullitā vikasitā viya vattati, na upekkhāsahagatā. Sīlakkhandhaṃ samādhikkhandhantiādīsupi eseva nayo. Therotiādinā abhinīhārasiddhā therassa hāsapaññatāti dasseti.
60‘它对于一切色以无常相,极快地运转’:意思是对色蕴生起‘无常’的观照,智慧以极快的速度运转,因为远离了对立,而且以前观智的造作极其猛利,就像因陀罗射出的雷电一样,透达诸法的相,毫不迟缓地以极快的速度透达色蕴中的无常相,因此,这种慧就称为「敏慧」。这是它的含义。其他句子也同理。像这样,显示了以相为所缘的观的敏慧后,为了显示强力观的敏慧,而说了‘色……’等。在这里,「以坏灭义」:因为无论在何处生起,就在那里当下一刹那便坏灭,所以以坏灭为自性。「以怖畏义」:因为它是令人怖畏的。「以无坚实义」:因为没有自我核心,也没有恒常等坚实核心。「衡量已」:指以如同衡量东西的秤一样的观慧衡量了。「决择已」:指即以那能决择的观慧决择了。「令明显已」:指如实地让它清楚显现,把五蕴弄得明明白白、显而易见后,便以心灵向于、倾向于、朝向于色蕴灭尽的涅槃。现在,为了显示达到顶峰的观的敏慧,再次说了‘色……’等句。有些人认为这是指‘导向出起的观’。
Sabbaṃrūpaṃ aniccalakkhaṇato khippaṃ javatīti rūpakkhandhaṃ aniccanti sīghavegena pavattiyā paṭipakkhadūrībhāvena pubbābhisaṅkhārassa sātisayattā indena visaṭṭhavajiraṃ viya lakkhaṇaṃ paṭivijjhantī adandhāyantī rūpakkhandhe aniccalakkhaṇaṃ vegena paṭivijjhati, tasmā sā javanapaññā nāmāti attho. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Evaṃ lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāvasena javanapaññaṃ dassetvā balavavipassanāvasena dassetuṃ ‘‘rūpa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha khayaṭṭhenāti yattha yattha uppajjati, tattha tattheva khaṇeneva bhijjanato khayasabhāvato. Bhayaṭṭhenāti bhayānakato. Asārakaṭṭhenāti attasāravirahato niccasārādivirahato ca. Tulayitvāti tulābhūtāya vipassanāya tulayitvā. Tīrayitvāti tāya eva tīraṇabhūtāya tīretvā. Vibhāvayitvāti yāthāvato pakāsetvā pañcakkhandhaṃ vibhūtaṃ katvā pākaṭaṃ katvā. Rūpanirodheti rūpakkhandhassa nirodhabhūte nibbāne ninnapoṇapabbhārabhāvena. Idāni sikhāppattavipassanāvasena javanapaññaṃ dassetuṃ puna ‘‘rūpa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāvasenā’’ti keci.
61所谓‘智慧锐利的状态’,应当在它特别能断除对立法这点上来了解。所以在说了‘因为他能迅速地斩断烦恼,所以称为「锐慧者」’之后,为了具体显示那些烦恼,而接着说‘已生起的贪欲寻思……’等。锐慧者能够迅速地证得神通,而且他的修行道路不会退转,所以这么说:‘他在一个座位上便证得了四种圣道……’等。以‘长老’等句,显示法将的锐慧已经达到了顶峰。
Ñāṇatikkhabhāvo nāma savisesaṃ paṭipakkhasamucchindane veditabboti ‘‘khippaṃ kilese chindatīti tikkhapañño’’ti vatvā te pana kilese vibhāgena dassento ‘‘uppannaṃ kāmavitakka’’ntiādimāha. Tikkhapañño khippābhiñño hoti, paṭipadā cassa na calatīti āha ‘‘ekasmiṃ āsane cattāro ca ariyamaggā adhigatā hontī’’tiādi. Thero cātiādinā dhammasenāpatino tikkhapaññatā sikhāppattāti dasseti.
62通过‘一切诸行都是无常、苦、变易法、造作法、缘生法、坏灭法、衰灭法、离欲法、灭尽法’这样的如实观见,才能成就对诸圣谛的证悟,而非其他方法。为了通过这个原因来显示决择慧,而这样说:‘于一切诸行中,他是一个充满强烈悚惧的人’等。在这里,「充满强烈悚惧」:指依照前面所讲的方式,对于一切诸行,持续不断地生起的警惕与惧。「充满强烈惊惧」:指由于智慧的畏惧,对于一切诸行,内心大多时候都处在惊恐状态。这说的是过患随观。「充满强烈厌离」:这句说的是厌离随观。「充满不乐」等句,指的是这种厌离随观一再地生起。「心向外转」:指他的智慧面向那出离一切诸行、外在的涅槃而运行,或者指已经生起的解脱门朝向那里。能够穿透,就是「决择」,这种慧里面有这个功能,或者因为这种慧能穿透,所以它叫「决择」,这种慧本身就是「决择慧」。至于这一段在义理上没有详细展开的部分,因为前面已经讲过了它的方法,所以很容易理解。
‘‘Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā khayadhammā vayadhammā virāgadhammā nirodhadhammā’’ti yāthāvato dassanena saccasampaṭivedho ijjhati, na aññathāti kāraṇamukhena nibbedhikapaññaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘sabbasaṅkhāresu ubbegabahulo hotī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha ubbegabahuloti vuttanayena sabbasaṅkhāresu abhiṇhappavattasaṃvego. Uttāsabahuloti ñāṇuttāsavasena sabbasaṅkhāresu bahuso utrastamānaso. Tena ādīnavānupassanamāha. Ukkaṇṭhanabahuloti iminā pana nibbidānupassanamāha, aratibahulotiādinā tassā eva aparāparuppattiṃ. Bahimukho sabbasaṅkhārato bahibhūtaṃ nibbānaṃ uddissa pavattañāṇamukho, tathā vā pavattitavimokkhamukho. Nibbijjhanaṃ nibbedho, so etissā atthi, nibbijjhatīti vā nibbedhā, sā eva paññā nibbedhikā. Yaṃ panettha atthato na vibhattaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayattā suviññeyyameva.
63「少欲」:即隐藏寂静功德之义。也就是隐藏自身现有的多闻、头陀法、戒等功德以及证悟的功德,在接受时知量——由此也宣说了寻求与受用的知量。「以三种知足」:指对四种资具各别有三种知足,总共则有十二种。「远离者」:指乐于身远离,不喜群聚的人。「乐于出离者」:指已出家的人。「清净心者」:指心已离杂染的人。「达极清净者」:指借由证得八等至而达到极度清净、清净已得的人。「无依著者」:指无烦恼依等(蕴依、趣依)。「非行所造之涅槃」:因为依果等至之力,从一切行中脱离,故为非行所造之涅槃。「已证达者」:即获得此三种远离的人,他独处,即「以种种方式远离」之意。「结染」:指产生亲昵的感情,即是结染;由听闻而生起的结染称为「闻结染」。其余以此类推。「交谈」:指攀谈、闲聊。以此结染之事,对它的受用即是「受用结染」。
Appicchoti santaguṇaniguhanatāti attani vijjamānānaṃ bāhusaccadhutadhammasīlādiguṇānañceva paṭivedhaguṇassa ca niguhanaṃ, paṭiggahaṇe ca mattaññutāti eteneva pariyesanaparibhogamattaññutāpi vuttā hoti. Tīhi santosehīti catūsu paccayesu paccekaṃ tīhi santosehi , sabbe pana dvādasa. Paṭisallīnena vivekaṭṭhakāyānaṃ na saṅgaṇikārāmānaṃ. Nekkhammābhiratānanti pabbajjaṃ upagatānaṃ. Parisuddhacittānaṃ vigatacittasaṃkilesānaṃ. Paramavodānappattānaṃ aṭṭhasamāpattisamadhigamena ativiya vodānaṃ visuddhiṃ pattānaṃ. Kilesupadhiādīnaṃ abhāvato nirupadhīnaṃ. Phalasamāpattivasena sabbasaṅkhāravinissaṭattā visaṅkhāraṃ nibbānaṃ. Upagatānaṃ, imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vivekānaṃ lābhī pavivitto ‘‘pakārehi vivitto’’ti katvā. Samāsajjanaṃ parisinehuppādo saṃsaggo, savanavasena uppajjanakasaṃsaggo savanasaṃsaggo. Esa nayo sesesupi. Samullapanaṃ ālāpasallapanaṃ. Saṃsaggavatthunā iminā tassa paribhogo paribhogasaṃsaggo.
64「已策发精进者」:在此,策发精进是指执取精进、令其圆满。为了显示这完全是为了调伏烦恼,所以说“于此”等语。「以抖落方式而说者」:指以抖落任何有过失的烦恼的方式而说者。因此说“比丘”等语。「已犯」:即过失、违犯已被举发。「未犯」:指未被举发。「依经线」:即依巴帝摩卡法,依于相应言辞之义。「呵责恶者」:即呵责、厌恶恶劣、下劣的人与法。因此说“恶人”等语。「唯见一世者」:即唯见一生,唯见此世,只期求现法之乐的人。「遍处」:指周遍,意为「于我周围任何处皆莫生起」。
Āraddhavīriyoti ettha vīriyārambho nāma vīriyassa paggaṇhanaṃ paripuṇṇakaraṇaṃ. Taṃ pana sabbaso kilesānaṃ niggaṇhananti dassento ‘‘tatthā’’tiādimāha. Odhunanavattāti kilesānaṃ yassa kassaci sāvajjassa odhunanavasena vattā. Tenāha ‘‘bhikkhūna’’ntiādi. Otiṇṇaṃ nāma vajjaṃ ajjhācaritanti ārocitaṃ. Anotiṇṇaṃ anārocitaṃ. Tantivasenāti pāḷidhammavasena, yuttasaddassa vasenāti attho. Pāpe lāmake puggale dhamme ca garahati jigucchatīti pāpagarahī. Tenāha ‘‘pāpapuggale’’tiādi. Ekadassīti ekabhavadassī, idhalokamattadassī diṭṭhadhammikasukhamattāpekkhī. Samantāti samantato, parito me katthaci mā ahūti yojanā.
65「以十六分」:即以十六部分。「不动」:指不被任何事物所动摇。这是法将(舍利弗)的功德论,依循世尊的言教,遍及一万轮围世界,为了显示这一点,所以说“如是”等语。显现四种颜色,是因为生起了强盛的喜与悦。「善照耀」:即善照耀。由于光泽的成就而具有宝石的美好,所以说“清净即美好”。“出身为高”:即因生于清净矿藏而高贵。即使有俱卢文陀生等种种出身殊胜的宝石,也以矿藏清净为根本,所以说“出身圆满”。“以洗涤等磨治”:即在四块石头上进行洗涤、去垢、加热、磨光等磨治。以黄毛毯为底,由于其本色成就,琉璃宝显得极其闪耀,所以说「置于黄毛毯上」。「作成品」:指制成的物品。而用少许黄金制成的物品不美丽,须用大量黄金,所以说「以超过五钱黄金所制的饰物」。「黄金」是五钱重量的通称,因此这里意指以二十五钱金丝所制的华丽饰物为「尼迦」,因为它是大量而非少许。「于大阎浮树枝所流之河」:即大阎浮树枝下方所生之河。据说那宝物是红色的。「由善巧……被善加锻打」:即由极善巧的金匠以火加热后,正确地锻打,并以擦拭等方式善加磨治。「于《界分别经》」:即在《界分别经》中。「作成品」:指作为装饰品而制成的物品。
Soḷasahi padehīti soḷasahi koṭṭhāsehi. Akuppanti kenaci akopanīyaṃ. Ayaṃ dhammasenāpatino guṇakathā satthu vacanānusārena dasasahassacakkavāḷabyāpinī ahosi, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘eva’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Catubbidhā vaṇṇanibhā pātubhavi uḷārapītisomanassasamuṭṭhānattā. Suṭṭhu obhāsatīti subho. Obhāsasampattiyā maṇino bhaddakatāti āha ‘‘subhoti sundaro’’ti. Jātimā parisuddhaākarasamuṭṭhitattā. Kuruvindajātiādijātivisesopi maṇi ākaraparisuddhamūlako evāti āha ‘‘jātisampanno’’ti. Dhovanādiparikammenāti catūsu pāsāṇesu dhovanadosanīharaṇatāpanasaṇhakaraṇādiparikammena. Rattakambalassa vasena sabhāvavaṇṇasiddhiyā veḷuriyamaṇi ativiya sobhatīti āha ‘‘paṇḍukambale nikkhitto’’ti. Nikkhanti bhaṇḍamāha. Tañca appakena suvaṇṇena kataṃ bhaṇḍaṃ na sobhati sobhāvipulenāti āha ‘‘atirekapañcasuvaṇṇena katapiḷandhana’’nti. Suvaṇṇanti pañcadharaṇassa samaññā, tasmā pañcavīsatisuvaṇṇasāriyā vicittaābharaṇaṃ idha ‘‘nikkha’’nti adhippetaṃ. Tañhi vipulaṃ na parittakaṃ. Mahājambusākhāya pavattanadiyanti mahājambusākhāya heṭṭhā sañjātanadiyaṃ. Taṃ kira ratanaṃ rattaṃ. Sukusalena…pe… sampahaṭṭhanti suṭṭhu kusalena suvaṇṇakārena ukkāya tāpetvā sammā pahaṭṭhaṃ majjanādivasena sukataparikammaṃ. Dhātuvibhaṅgeti dhātuvibhaṅgasutte. Katabhaṇḍanti ābharaṇabhāvena kataṃ bhaṇḍaṃ.
66「不太高、不太低」:这称为初升的太阳。「被导师称赞的容貌」:意思是拔出的功德。「不欣喜于死」:即自己也不欣喜于死亡,因为自我堕落是有过患的。然而菩萨以悲悯之心,为了他人的利益而舍弃自己的有身,这样的舍弃能达到究竟波罗蜜的圆满。而声闻弟子依学处不能那样做。「不贪求活命」:因为对生命的渴爱已被彻底断除。「按日计筹」:即“今天你做这项工作,这是你的工钱”,指以日为单位所限定的工钱。这样的雇工只期盼日暮,而不期盼工作完成。「如雇工期盼报酬」:即如同希望得到报酬、期盼时日终结的雇工一般。
Nātiucco nātinīco taruṇasūriyo nāma. Satthārā ābhatavaṇṇo ubbhataguṇoti attho. Neva maraṇaṃ abhinandatīti attanopi maraṇaṃ neva abhinandati attavinipātassa sāvajjabhāvato. Bodhisatto pana paresaṃ atthāya attano attabhāvaṃ pariccajati karuṇāvasena, evaṃ vosajjanaṃ paramatthapāramīpāripūriṃ gacchatīti sāvakā na tathā kātuṃ sakkā sikkhāpadato. Na jīvitaṃ pattheti jīvitāsāya samucchinnattā. Divasasaṅkhepanti ajja tvaṃ idaṃ nāma kammaṃ karohi, idaṃ te vetananti divasabhāgena paricchinnaṃ vetanaṃ. Tādiso hi bhatako divasakkhayameva udikkhati, na kammaniṭṭhānaṃ. Nibbisaṃ bhatako yathāti vetanaṃ bhatiṃ icchanto kālakkhayaṃ udikkhanto bhatakapuriso viya.
125《须师摩经》注释结束。
Susimasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
126十、种种外道弟子经注释
10. Nānātitthiyasāvakasuttavaṇṇanā
111「种种外道弟子」:即各派外道的弟子。「于断」:即以断手等方式截断。「于杀」:即于杀害。「不见有恶」:即不见有任何恶存在,并且对他人也这样宣说。「信赖」:即信任的状态。说“所作之业也没有果报”的人,让造恶者和未修福者生起信任与无所畏惧。
111.Nānātitthiyasāvakāti puthutitthiyānaṃ sāvakā. Chinditeti hatthacchedādivasena chede. Māriteti māraṇe. Na pāpaṃ samanupassatīti kiñci pāpaṃ atthīti na passati, paresañca tathā pavedeti. Vissāsanti vissatthabhāvaṃ. ‘‘Katakammānampi vipāko natthī’’ti vadanto katapāpānaṃ akatapuññānañca vissatthataṃ nirāsaṅkataṃ janeti.
68“以苦行厌离”:即通过苦行、裸体外道等方式,从恶中厌离,意思是持受“我们舍弃罪恶”这样的裸体外道等受持。因为安住在这种受持中的人,以防护来防护心,具足防护且被称为关闭者,所以说“善防护者”等语。四个防护的部分为四防护,四防护即属于四防护的。此处“防护”一词是部分的意思,如同说“夜之初分”。然而在这里,这一部分是防护的特征,所以说“以四防护而善防护”,意即以四个部分的防护而完全防护。“拒绝一切冷水者”:即拒绝一切冷水受用的人。“具足一切防恶”:即以一切种类的防护特征,具足防恶。“抖落罪恶”:也以一切消损的特征抖落罪恶。“触达”:指由于舍弃八种业,达到舍弃的状态,从而以业尽的特征——一切防恶而触达,触达后便安住。“不隐藏者”:指不是以隐藏为目的,对所见所闻都如实地说。
Tapojigucchāyāti tapasā acelavatādinā pāpato jigucchanena, ‘‘pāpaṃ virājayāmā’’ti acelavatādisamādānenāti attho. Tasmiñhi samādāne ṭhitena saṃvarena saṃvutacitto samannāgato pihito ca nāma hotīti ‘‘susaṃvutatto’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Cattāro yāmā bhāgā catuyāmā, catuyāmā eva cātuyāmā. Bhāgattho hi idha yāma-saddo yathā ‘‘rattiyaṃ paṭhamo yāmo’’ti. So panettha bhāgo saṃvaralakkhaṇoti āha ‘‘cātuyāmena susaṃvuto’’ti, catukoṭṭhāsena saṃvarena suṭṭhu saṃvutoti attho. Paṭikkhittasabbasītodakoti paṭikkhittasabbasītudakaparibhogo. Sabbena pāpavāraṇena yuttoti sabbappakārena saṃvaralakkhaṇena pāpavāraṇena samannāgato. Dhutapāpoti sabbena nijjaralakkhaṇena pāpavāraṇenapi dhutapāpo. Phuṭṭhoti aṭṭhannampi kammānaṃ khepanena vikkhepappattiyā kammakkhayalakkhaṇena sabbena pāpavāraṇena phuṭṭho, taṃ phusitvā ṭhito. Na niguhantoti na niguhanahetu diṭṭhasute tatheva kathento.
69「各种外道的侍奉者」:指所有其他宗派、一切外道的侍奉者,以共通的方式对他们生起净信。「达至究竟者」:指通过证得解脱,达到了沙门法所应达成的边际。
Nānātitthiyānaṃyevaupaṭṭhākoti paravādīnaṃ sabbesaṃyeva titthiyānaṃ upaṭṭhāko, tesu sādhāraṇavasena abhippasanno. Koṭippattāti mokkhādhigamena samaṇadhamme pattabbamariyādappattā.
70“仅以共处”:意思是,仅仅是与作狮子吼者共同居住。与正发出狮子吼的狮子在一起时,狐狼不过是发出它自己的狐狼叫声罢了。“狐”:指小型狐狸。“行为应被质疑”:指那种自己和别人都应该对其行为生起疑惑的状态。“对善士们”:指对佛陀等。
Sahacaritamattenāti sīhanādena saha vassakaraṇamattena. Sīhena sīhanādaṃ nadantena saheva siṅgālena attano siṅgālaravakaraṇamattena. Kotthukoti khuddakakotthu. Āsaṅkitasamācāroti attanā ca parehi ca āsaṅkitabbasamācāro. Sappurisānanti buddhādīnaṃ.
71“她的”:指那位迅猛天子的。“随入身体”:意思是,像进入身体内部之后一样显现出来。“决意”:不像顺着所执取的对象那样运作心,而是让心按自己的掌控来运作,这样来决意。“相应的”:指通过“见”而相应。“远离的”:指在劫末装饰、受用、坐卧具等方面处于远离的状态。因此说“他们据说……”等。“住著于色”:指牢固地执著于眼处色等法。因此说“以渴爱与邪见而安立”。“希求天界者”:指只希求天界的人。“由于有死法而称为 mātiyā”:因此说“mātiyā 意为有情,即会死者”。“为了他世的利益”:指为了获得他世的成就,即为了众生的利益。
Tassāti vegabbharissa devaputtassa. Sarīre anuāvisīti sarīre anupavisitvā viya āvisi. Adhimuccīti yathā gahitassa vasena cittaṃ na vattati, attano eva vase vattati, evaṃ adhiṭṭhahi. Āyuttāti dassanena saṃyuttā . Pavivekiyanti kappakavatthabhuñjanasenāsanehi pavivittabhāvaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘te kirā’’tiādi. Rūpe niviṭṭhāti cakkhurūpadhamme abhiniviṭṭhā. Tenāha ‘‘taṇhādiṭṭhīhi patiṭṭhitā’’ti. Devalokapatthanakāmāti devalokasseva abhipatthanakāmā. Maraṇadhammatāya mātiyā. Tenāha ‘‘mātiyāti maccā’’ti. Paralokatthāyāti parasampattibhāvāya lokassa atthāya.
72“具有光之色”:指与光相同之色。为了说明“什么的光”而说“像月光一样……”等。“具有银色、红色、光辉之色”和“具有彩虹光之色”,分别是不同的搭配。“有腥臭味,所以称为腥”:因为有腥臭的气味,所以叫做腥。“为了杀害”:即为了破坏。“色”:指色处等属于色法的种种。
Pabhāsavaṇṇāti pabhāya samānavaṇṇā. Kesaṃ pabhāyāti āha ‘‘candobhāsā’’tiādi. Sajjhārāgapabhāsavaṇṇā indadhanupabhāsavaṇṇāti paccekaṃ yojanā. Āmo āmagandho etassa atthīti āmisaṃ. Vadhāyāti viddhaṃsituṃ. Rūpāti rūpāyatanādirūpidhammā.
73“王舍城人”:指居住于王舍城附近的人们。“白”:指开拉沙峰,因此说“白,即开拉沙”。不被任何东西所撞击,所以是无苦的,指虚空,因此说“行于虚空者,指在空中行走者”。“水在此被持”所以称为海,即大海。“广博”:指广博山。“雪山诸分”:指雪山山脉的各个部分。佛陀是最胜者,因具足戒、定、慧、解脱、解脱知见等一切功德而成为最上。
Rājagahasamīpappavattīnaṃ rājagahiyānaṃ. ‘‘Seto’’ti kelāsakūṭo adhippetoti āha ‘‘setoti kelāso’’ti. Kenaci na ghaṭṭetīti aghaṃ, antalikkhanti āha ‘‘aghagāmīnanti ākāsagāmīna’’nti. Udakaṃ dhīyati etthāti udadhi, mahodadhi. Vipuloti vepullapabbato. Himavantapabbatānanti himavantapabbatabhāgānaṃ. Buddho seṭṭho sīlasamādhipaññāvimuttivimuttiñāṇadassanādīhi sabbaguṇehi.
134种种外道弟子经的注释结束。
Nānātitthiyasāvakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
135第三品注释结束。
Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
136于阐扬真义之《相应部》注释中。
Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya
137至此,《天子相应》注疏中隐含义的阐明,就全部结束了。
Devaputtasaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.