法听受品
1嗜法者品
Dhammasoṇḍakavaggo
1此为法喜者因缘的次第讲说。
1. Dhammasoṇḍakassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
2其事物开端有两种流传:一为须弥山之地、一为锡兰之地,在此须弥山中,称为达利沙,在锡兰中称为提萨提。其间所出现的事物正如须弥山之所出,虽是如此,此乃观察法事之开端。如何呢?据说,过去世尊在此吉祥劫中有一位名为咖萨波的师者出现于世间,但于世尊涅槃后不久,吾等菩萨在波罗奈城高贵的宫室中诞生;此生之时,诸众生心中即生妙法知见,故称此为观察法苗。此幼子与众大臣壮劳者等共成长,摒绝一切贪欲,修行十善业,获父族尊敬,受到诸王热忱之礼赞。此幼者遂成为观察法大王,在天龙之境波罗奈城中统领王国,思维月余时光。彼思量:吾之王霸威荣因法之别所失去,感日月之别离,天际之辽远,因各种缘由而忧思至深,就在此时。
Tattha tesaṃ vatthūna muppattiyo dvidhā bhavanti jambudīpe sīhaḷadīpecāti, tattha jambudīpe tāḷīsa, sīhaḷadīpe tesaṭṭhi, tesu tāva jambudīpuppattivatthūni āvi bhavissanti, tatopi dhammasoṇḍakassa vatthu ādi, kathaṃ, amhākaṃ kira bhagavato pubbe imasmiṃyeva bhaddakappe kassaponāma satthā loke udapādi, tassa kho pana bhagavato sāsanantaradhānato na cireneva kālena amhākaṃ bodhisatto bārāṇasīrañño aggamahesiyā kucchismiṃ nibbatti, tassu ppatti kālasamanantarameva sabbasattānaṃ manasi dhammasaññā udapādi, tasmāssa dhammasoṇḍotināma makaṃsu, so paneso kumāro mahantena parivārena vaḍḍhento sabbasippesu nipphattiṃ patvā pitarā uparajjena pūjito hutvā dānādayo dasakusalakammapathe pūrento pituaccayenāmaccehi rajjenābhisiñcito ahosi, so panesa dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā devanagarasadise bārāṇasīnagare cakkavattisadisaṃ bārāṇasīrajjaṃ kārento māsaddhamāsaccayena sirisayanagato evaṃ cintesi, mamevaṃ rajjasirimanubhavanaṃ na sobhati dhammaviyogena, divākara virahito nabho viyātiādinā nānākāraṇaṃ cintesi, tenettha.
1
1.
4往昔藉由布施、持戒等所修之功德,
Puññena sīlādimayena pubbe,
5恒常精勤,
Katena pattosmi atanditena,
6犹如天王在摩萨迦城主之中。
Masakkasāre viya devarājā;
7居于国都最胜之处。
Rājattamiddhe puramuttamamhi.
2
2.
9以形相的美丽为缘,
Rūpena hārīnayanussavena,
10以声音的正确闻受为标志,
Saddena sammā savaṇāmatena,
11以香气令鼻根愉悦而美妙,
Gandhena ghānussavasobhanena,
12以味之纯净与知味之舌识,
Rasaññapuññena rasenacāpi.
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3.
14以触带给身体舒适之触感,
Phassena gattassa suphassadena,
15我已成就精进,具大威德。
Samiddhipattosmi mahiddhikohaṃ,
16了知不应因懈怠而虚度此生,
Nevettakeneva pamādabhāva,
17不应希求不适当之物,了知此理。
Mā pajjituṃ yuttarūpanti ñatvā.
4
4.
19我愿奉献身体与生命,
Dassāmi aṅgaapi jīvitañca,
20以净信心奉献谷物与财富,
Dhaññaṃ dhanaṃ cāpi pasannacitto,
21我将谛听那带来安稳吉祥的法。
Sossāmi dhammaṃ sivamādadhānaṃ,
22如来所说,能断除生老之法。
Jineritaṃ jātijarāpahāṇaṃ.
5
5.
24犹如水失去大地的依持,便不能在虚空中显耀;
Na sobhati yathākāsaṃ, jalaṃ dhāmapatiṃvinā,
25我的王权也是如此,若无正法,便不能光耀庄严。
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.
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6.
27夜晚若无明月,便永远黯淡无光;
Na sobhati hathā ratti, nisānāthaṃ vinā sadā,
28我的王权也是如此,若无正法,便不能庄严显现。
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.
7
7.
30纵使大象披挂庄严,若无象牙,也不显光彩。
Alaṅkatopi ce hatthī, vinā dāṭhā na sobhati,
31我的王权亦是如此,若无正法,便无法显耀庄严。
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ, vinā dhammā na sobhati.
8
8.
33正如浪花环聚的海面,
Yathā kallolamālīyaṃ,
34若缺乏堤岸的约束,便无法呈现庄严。
Vinā velā na sobhati,
35我的王职治理,亦是如此。
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ,
36若无法则,便无庄严。
Vinā dhammā na sobhati.
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9.
38如同盛装严饰的国王,
Yathā sumaṇḍito rājā,
39不净之处,决无光彩,
Kupaṭo neva sobhati,
40我的政务也是如此,
Rajjakaraṇaṃ tathā mayhaṃ,
41离开正法,便不端严。
Vinā dhammā na sobhati.
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10.
43我唯听闻于法,我心于法得喜乐。
Dhammameva suṇissāmi, dhamme me ramatī mano,
44实无有法能过于法,法为三明之根本。
Na hi dhammā paraṃ atthi, dhammamūlaṃ tisampadanti.
45思维如是,一群王子从宫殿中出来,威仪庄严,坐于树荫繁盖之下,环绕在众王子旁,显现如天王。王坐下时对众王子说:『尊者们,若有人在此处佛所说的法中,知晓某些法者,便让其来讲说,我愿倾听此法。』诸王子都说『我们诸天无法知晓此法。』听闻此言,王由此思量,若我确实能召集一千手的壮士,在城中敲鼓召集,能安住此法,能借此令某些由于贪婪而仍执着四行诗的人,传扬法者,这对我长久的利益与快乐必有好处。于是如是去做,却未得法师,后来有两千五百二十五百万法者,随后遍布乡村市镇、富豪宅第及军长副将等,仍以树荫为座,舍弃王服,自甘为仆,奉事法师,由此敲鼓传法,虽劝勉,仍有法出离的焦虑与困惑,诸王子因而让国祚转移。渴求正法者——法的寻求者、断疑大师王,进入大树林,游历乡村市镇、都城,继承此法。
Evaṃ cintetvā pātova sirigabbhā nikkhamma susajjite samussitasetacchatte rājapalleṅke amaccagaṇa parivuto nisīdi devarājāviya virocamāno, nisinno pana rājā amacce evamāha, yo panettha bhonto buddhabhāsitesu dhammesu kiñcidhammaṃ jānāti, so bhāsatu, sotumicchāmidhammanti, te sabbepi mayaṃ deva na jānāmāti āhaṃsu, taṃ sutvā a na tta ma no rājā evaṃ cintesi, yannūnāhaṃ hatthikkhandhe sahassaṃ ṭhapetvā nagare bheriṃcarāpeyyaṃ, yaṃ appevanāma koci dhanalobhena cātuppadikāyapi gāthāya dhammaṃ deseyya. Taṃ me dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatīti, tato so tathā katvāpi dhammadesakaṃ alabhanto puna dvisahassaṃ ticatupañcasahassantiyāvakoṭippakoṭiṃdammīti, tato gāma nigama janapade, tato seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ senāpati uparājaṭṭhānā dayopi, puna setacchattaṃ dammi, rājavesaṃ pahāya attānaṃ dāsaṃ sāvetvā dhammadesentassa dammiti vatvā bheri carāpetvāpi dhamma desakamalabhitvā saṃviggo kimme dhammaviyogena rajjenāti amaccānaṃ rajjaṃ nīyyātetvā saddhammagavesako dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā mahāvanaṃ pāvisi gāma nigama rājadhāni paramparāya, tenettha.
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11.
47往昔,令人击鼓宣告之后,
Pure bheriṃ carāpetvā,
48好乐正法的人主;
Dhammasoṇḍo narādhipo;
49为祈请导师开演正法,
Saddhammajjhesakaṃ satthu,
50获得无量财富宝藏。
Aladdhā dhanakoṭihi.
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12.
52我为奴仆,舍离一切。
Dāso homi pahāyāhaṃ,
53愿王法为我宣说。
Rājattaṃ desakassa me;
54愿我成为那位大地之主。
Iccāha so mahīpālo,
55啊!对诸法的渴慕。
Aho dhammesu lolatā.
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13.
57将那令大臣们欢悦的王位移交后,
Rajjaṃ nīyyātayitvāna, amaccānaṃ manoramaṃ,
58国王进入森林,寻求无上之法。
Vanaṃ pāvisi so rājā, gavesaṃ dhammamuttamanti.
59当菩萨进入大森林之际,以其福德威力,帝释天的宝座现出炽热之相。天王便思惟:“我这淡黄毛毯的石座无故发热,是何因缘?”于是,天王观察世间,见法爱大王遍寻赡部洲洲,竟未遇可问正法之人,便进入森林。他将王国、财富、眷属与生命悉数舍弃而入深林——此人并非凡夫,而是将于此世成佛者。那位名为佛陀的觉者刚入大林,为求正法而受大苦,实非所宜。今日,我当化作恐怖之相,往彼处为记,为他说示最上之法。”如此思惟已,天王安排王事,亲自在离菩萨不远处,化作一巨大可怖的罗刹,显现自身,示现于此。
Mahāvanaṃ paviṭṭhakkhaṇe pana mahāsattassa puññatejena sakkassāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ dassesi, atha devarājā cintesi akāmaṃ me paṇḍukambala silāsanaṃ uṇhamahosi, kinnukho kāraṇanti lokaṃ olokento sakko devarājā dhammasoṇḍaka mahārājānaṃ sakalajambudīpaṃ vicinitvā saddhammajjhesakaṃ alabhitvā vanaṃ paviṭṭhabhāvaṃ addasa, dhammasoṇḍakamahārājā saddhammatthāya rajja dhana bandhu jīvitampi pahāya araññaṃ paviṭṭho, na so vatāyaṃ yovā sovā satto, imasmiṃyeva kappe buddho bhavissati, buddhabodhisatto cāyaṃ ajjeva mahāraññaṃ paviṭṭho saddhammaṃ aladdhā mahādukkhaṃ pāpuṇeyya, na cetaṃ yuttaṃ, ajja mayā tattha ganthabbaṃ dhammāmatarasena tamabhisiñcitvā rajje pahiṭṭhāpetunti cintetvā attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā bhayānakaṃ mahantaṃ rakkhasavesaṃ nimmiṇitvā mahāsattābhimukho avidūre attānaṃ dassesi, tenettha.
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14.
61形如虎、熊、狮、水牛、蟒、象、豹,狰狞可怖,犹如金刚。
Byagghacchasīhamahiso ragahatthidīpi,
62群兽栖息的荆棘岩树
Migākulaṃ kaṇṭakaselarukkhaṃ;
63人王步入林中
Narānamindo pavisitvakānanaṃ,
64我,爱乐正法者,四处游历
Itocito vibbhami dhammakāmo.
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15.
66凭其威神之力,于帝释天而言,
Tassānubhāvena purindadassa,
67其宝座确实变得炽热无比;
Silāsanaṃ uṇhamahosi kāmaṃ;
68正以此故,当他观察世间之时,
Teneva so lokamudikkhamāno,
69见一智者游于林间。
Addakkhi dhīraṃ vipine carantaṃ.
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16.
71应依止如甘露的正法,
Mayajja taṃ dhammarasena sammā,
72令心满足后,便选择离去。
Santappayitvā gamanaṃ varanti;
73思惟其色,犹如纯净的眼药膏堆,
Mantvā subhīmañjanakūṭavaṇṇaṃ,
74大嘴张开,现出令人畏惧的獠牙。
Mahāmukhaṃ niggata bhīmadāṭhaṃ.
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17.
76目光广大,犹如燃烧的火焰,
Dittaggisaṅkāsa visālanettaṃ,
77鼻梁中断,鼻头扁塌
Majjhena bhaggaṃ cipiṭagganāsaṃ;
78獠牙粗粝赤铜色,胡须浓密
Kharatambadāṭhiṃ ghanamassuvantaṃ,
79腹部青黑,发出恐怖如雷的咆哮
Nīlodaraṃ gajjitabhīmaghosaṃ.
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18.
81手臂强劲而红润,舒展如同铜柱。
Karoruhaṃ tikkhasalohitāyataṃ,
82手掌宽阔、洁净而修长,手持利剑。
Visāladhotāyatakhaggahatthaṃ;
83双臂如同布满铁锤击打过的印记。
Gadāyudhenaṅkitamaññabāhuṃ,
84嘴唇紧咬,面目威猛可畏,眉额间却透着优雅威仪。
Daṭṭhoṭṭhabhīmaṃ savalīlalāṭaṃ.
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19.
86嗜食人肉,耽湎于酒,
Manussamaṃsādanarattapānaṃ,
87相貌恐怖,犹如粗暴的夜叉。
Bhayānakaṃ kakkhalayakkhavaṇṇaṃ;
88在森林深处,将他调伏,
Sumāpayitvāna vanantarasmiṃ,
89他显现自身,如同人中之王。
Dassesi attaṃ sa narādhipassāti.
90随后,大士看见离自己不远的罗刹。见后,他既无恐惧,亦无战栗,更无惊怖,心中毫无畏惧,毫不动摇。他心想:“或许这样的罗刹也了知正法,我若前去他身边听法,必将为我带来长远的利益与安乐。”这样想后,他便走上前去,与那罗刹会面,同他交谈。
Atha mahāsatto attano avidūre ṭhitaṃ rakkhasaṃ addakkhi, taṃ disvānāssa bhayaṃvā chambhitattaṃvā citthutrāsamattaṃvā nāhosi, kimatra cintesi, apināma evarūpo pirakkhaso dhammaṃ jāneyya, yannūnāhaṃ tassa santike dhammaṃ suṇissāmi, tamme dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissatīti cintesi. Cintetvā capana ajja mayā tamupasaṅkamma pucchitaṃ vaṭṭatīti gantvā rakkhasena saddhiṃ sallapanto āha.
20
20.
92此林间,装点着茂密的树丛;
Asmiṃ vanasmiṃ tarusaṇḍa maṇḍite;
93盛开着无数交错纷杂的蔓藤。
Suphullitānekalatākulākule;
94已被你这位具大威力者所证得,
Adhiggahīto si mahānubhāva,
95我来请问这位天人,请为我释除疑惑。
Pucchāmi taṃ deva vadehi kaṅkhaṃ.
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21.
97为寻求正法,我来到林中,
Dhammaṃ gavesaṃ vanamāgatomhi,
98舍弃了王国与亲族部众;
Pahāya rajjaṃ api ñātisaṅghaṃ;
99若你明了,贤友,请为我宣说,
Jānāsi ce samma vadehi mayhaṃ,
100哪怕仅一偈,为善逝所宣说,
Ekampi gāthaṃ sugatena desitaṃ.
102于是夜叉说。
Tato yakkho āha.
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22.
102我唯了知法之一分,
Dhammaṃ pajānāmahamekadesaṃ,
103此法胜过世间一切美味,乃最殊胜之甘露。
Jineritaṃ sādhutaraṃ rasānaṃ,
104若我在此为你宣说正法之道,
Desemi cehaṃ tava dhamma maggaṃ,
105你又将说与谁人听?谁为领受者?
Tuvañhi kiṃ kāhasi desakassāti.
108于是大士说。
Atha mahāsatto āha.
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23.
107若我安住于王政,
Rajje ṭhito assamahaṃ sace bho,
108我所行的供养,真实而殊胜;
Anapparūpaṃ pakaromi pūjaṃ;
109如今一人,独处林中,
Idāni eko vanamajjhapatto,
110我留下此身有何用?
Karomi kiṃ dehamimaṃ ṭhapetvā.
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24.
112你若想要我的血肉,
Yadicchasi tvaṃ mama maṃsalohitaṃ,
113我今日便以此行摄受。
Karomahaṃ saṅgahamajja tena,
114你已无其他应受礼敬的了。
Na catthi aññaṃ tava accanīyaṃ,
115请宣说善逝所称赞的法。
Desehi dhammaṃ sugata ppasatthanti.
119于是夜叉说。
Tato yakkho āha.
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25.
117食肉之后,犹如满足而寂静者。
Bhutvāna maṃsaṃ suhitova santo,
118杀灭渴欲,饮血之后;
Hantvā pipāsaṃ rudhiraṃ pivitvā;
119我能为你宣说佛法,
Dhammaṃ kathetuṃ pabhavāmi tuyhaṃ,
120因饥饿所迫,我无法开口宣说。
Vattuṃ na sakkomi khudāparetoti.
125于是大士说。
Atha mahāsatto āha.
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26.
122你最初是魔罗,
Bhutvā tuvaṃ maṃ pathamañhi yakkha,
123之后你将为谁宣说佛法?
Pacchā tu desessasi kassa dhammaṃ;
124佛法归于我,血肉归于你。
Dhammassa mayhaṃ tava maṃsalābhaṃ,
125你自知该当如何。
Tvameva jānāhi yathā bhaveyyāti.
126如此说已,帝释天王便对大王说:“善哉,大王!我自知合宜之法。”言毕,即在距他不远处化现出一座高三牛呼、色如眼膏的大山,又说道:“大王,请登上此山,立于山顶,坠入我口中。在你将坠之时,我为你说法。若能如此,你可得法之利,我亦可得肉之利。”闻此语的大士思惟:“我在这轮回中流转,被狮、虎、鳄、龟及诸鸟所食之身,不可胜计。今日为成就正自觉者之法,我当舍此身命。”他如是思惟。
Evaṃ vutte sakko devānamindo sādhu mahārāja ahameva yuttaṃ jānāmīti vatvā tassāvidūre tigāvutubbedhaṃ añjanavaṇṇaṃ mahantaṃ pabbataṃ māpetvā mahārāja imamāruyha pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito mama mukhe patatu, ahaṃ patanthassa te dhammaṃ desessāmi, evaṃ sante tuyhaṃ dhammapaṭilābho, mayhaṃca maṃsapaṭilābho bhavissatīti. Taṃ sutvā mahāsatto anamatagge saṃsāre saṃsarato me sīhabyagghacchamacchakacchapavihaṅgādīnaṃ bhakkhabhūtassa jātīsu pamāṇaṃ natti, ajja mayā sambuddhassa dhammatthāya jīvitaṃ pariccajituṃ vaṭṭatīti cintetvā evamāha.
27
27.
128在轮回大海中翻腾流转。
Saṃsāravaṭṭesu vivaṭṭamānā,
129众多众生陷于苦恼;
Papponti dukkhaṃ janatā anekā;
130此为自己或他人之利益,
Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,
131并非无益,亦非徒然。
Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.
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28.
133你是不与取者、邪淫者,
Tvamadinnahārī tica pāradāriko,
134你杀生,又说妄语;
Pāṇātipātīsi musā abhāsi;
135你饮酒,造作了过失。
Tva majjapāyīti akāsi dosaṃ,
136因你之故,众生备受诸多痛苦。
Paggayha dukkhaṃ bahuso dadanti.
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29.
138此中,不论自身的利益,抑或他人的利益,
Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,
139皆非无有,亦非空无。
Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ;
140如同有些树木,从悬崖坠落,
Rukkhā papātā papatitvakeci,
141由于枝干脆弱,枯败凋谢。
Dubbandhiyā duggavisādanena.
30
30.
143被种种疾病与猛烈感受所折磨,
Byādhīhi nānākharavedanāhi,
144众生死于炎热的苦痛。
Maranti sattā utuvedanāhi;
145这对自己或他人皆有利益。
Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,
146不应空无,不应无益。
Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.
31
31.
148如虎、豹、猫、狼等猛兽,
Byagghacchamaccho ragakucchiyañhi,
149我并无任何衡量的尺度;
Matassa me natthi pamāṇasaṅkhā;
150因此,这对己或对人皆有利益,
Etañhi bho attano vā parassa,
151未能带来利益,徒然空无。
Atthāya nāhosi ahosi tucchaṃ.
32
32.
153此恶业是自生之障碍,
Etajja me ducca ja mattadānaṃ,
154非诸天主宰等所能消灭;
Na hoti devissariyādikāya;
155然而,证得一切知性后,
Sabbaññubhāvaṃ pana pāpuṇitvā,
156为令众生超脱轮回,
Saṃsārato nittaraṇāya satte.
33
33.
158朋友,你多方利益于我,
Tvaṃ samma mayhaṃ bahuso pakārī,
159因此,我以这番话告诉你。
Tasmā tavetaṃ vacanaṃ karomi;
160“不受限制”,是指不固执、不拘束;“教导”,即传授教法。这是说佛法的教导不拘形迹,自在无累。
Asaṃkito desaya mayhadhammaṃ,
161“你的心愿如今得以实现”,是指凡夫被爱欲所动,生起悦意的想望。这揭示了众生心中对六尘所生之愿,尚未解脱。
Samijjhate dāni manoratho teti.
162大士这样说后,登上山顶,站立而说:“今日我为正法,舍弃王位、生命与身肉。”他心生欢喜,又说:“请如法说法吧。”那时,那巨兽正张开大嘴、露出獠牙站在那儿,他便朝着它纵身跳下。这时,帝释天欢喜踊跃,叹未曾有,现出真身,放大光明,犹如初日辉耀天空。帝释天双手接住大士,带往天界。到达后,请他坐在绿毡之上,以天上香花供养,亲自听闻佛法,满面欢喜。又以迦叶众之力,宣说无常等义,开示正法明灯。
Evañca pana vatvā mahāsatto pabbatamāruyha ṭhito āha, ahamajja rajjena saddhiṃ jīvitañca sarīramaṃsañca saddhammatthāya dammīti somanassappatto hutvā samma dhammaṃ desehīti vatvā tasmiṃ mahādāṭhaṃ mahāmukhaṃ vivaritvā ṭhite tassābhimukho upapati. Atha sakko devānamindo somanasso acchariyappatto attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā alaṅkatadibbattabhāvaṃ māpetvā ākāse taruṇasuriyo viya obhāsamāno ākāsato patantaṃ mahāsattaṃ ubhohi hatthehi daḷhaṃ patigaṇhitvā devalokaṃ netvā paṇḍukambala silāsane nisīdāpetvā dibbamayehi gandhamālādīhi pūjetvā sayaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā pasanno pasannākāraṃ katvā kassapadasabalena desitāya aniccādiparidīpikāya.
34
34.
164经云:“诸行无常,是生灭法。”此是佛教根本义理:一切诸行皆悉无常,有生有灭,无有恒常。
Aniccāva ta saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;
165又云:“生灭灭已,寂灭为乐。”揭示诸行生灭无常,止息即是寂灭安乐。
Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukhoti.
166以偈颂说法,满足其心愿,示现天界广大祥瑞与富贵后,将他带回,安立在自己的王位上,教诫道:“大王,切勿放逸!”之后便返回天界。
Gāthāya dhammadesanena tassa manorathaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā devaloke mahantaṃ sirivibhavaṃ dassetvā ānetvā sakarajjeyeva patiṭṭhāpetvā appamatto hoti mahārājāti ovaditvā devalokameva agamāsīti.
35
35.
168圣者们,不论拥有无量的祥瑞,还是拥有寿命,
Iti amitasiriṃ vā jīvitaṃ vāpi santo,
169都不追忆过去,唯行于应受赞叹的正法。
Na sumariya pasatthaṃ dhammamevā caranti;
170恰如流水不止,生命却短暂无常,
Tanutara vibhavānaṃ appamāyūnamambho,
171于此善法,谁人又能放逸懈怠呢?
Iha kusalapamādo ko nu tumhādisānanti.
177第一,嗜法者事。
Dhammasoṇḍakavatthuṃ paṭhamaṃ.
172二、猎鹿人故事中的次第说法:
2. Migaluddakassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbikathā
173据说,于第三十一劫之时,有位名为尸弃佛的正自觉者,圆满了三十波罗蜜,成就最上正等觉。他为度脱含天世间在内的轮回旷野中的众生,降注法宝之雨,擂击法鼓,高举法幢。一次,为了修习远离,他进入林野之处。入林后,只见彼处鲜花盛开,种种龙王云集,周围绿植繁茂,点缀着各式华美庄严。佛陀身披四重合尘袈裟,端坐于清凉悦意的池畔,衣上有如六色花纹,四周弥漫着馥郁芬芳。那时,诸天、梵天、龙、金翅鸟等大众云集,恭敬礼拜世尊,并以香花供养。在这集会中,世尊犹如洒下甘露般说法,其音和雅如梵音,开演四谛妙理,法雨绵长无尽。当时,有一只常活动于鹫野水边的猎犬进入林中,捕杀野猪,食其肉后坐于此处,看见世尊正在说法。猎犬便在近旁驻足,满怀信心与恭敬,闻佛说法,内心清净,充满喜悦。命终之后,它往生天界,于六欲天中次第受乐。其后,它转生人间,出生于舍卫城的某族,离家舍俗出家。一日,他为比丘僧团讲说与四谛相应的法义,证得了完全解脱,成为阿拉汉。在比丘僧团中,他以自身行迹令众人欢喜,赞扬世尊。
Ito kira eka tiṃsatime kappe sikhīnāma sammāsambuddho samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā paramātisambodhiṃ patvā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ saṃsārakantārā uttārento dhammaratanavassaṃ vassāpento dhammabheriṃpaharanto dhammaketuṃ ussāpento ekasmiṃ samaye viveka manubrūhanto araññāyatanaṃ pāvisi, pavisitvā capana supupphitanāgapunnāgādinānātarusaṇḍamaṇḍite suphullasumanamālatippabhutinānālatākule anekavidhadipadacatuppadasaṅghanisevite ramaṇīye sītalasilātale catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃpaññapetvā nisīdi chabbaṇṇaraṃsīhi disaṃ pūrayanto, tadā tattha devabrahmanāgasupaṇṇādayo sannipatitvā dibbamayehi gandhamālādīhi bhagavantaṃ pūjayamānā thomayamānā namassamānā aṭṭhaṃsu, tasmiṃ panasamāgame bhagavā madhurassaraṃ nicchārento brahmaghosena catusaccapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammaṃ deseti amatavassaṃ vassāpentoviya. Tadā eko migaluddako vanaṃ paviṭṭho migasūkare hantvā maṃsaṃ khādanto taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā addasa bhagavantaṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ. Disvā ekamantaṃ ṭhito dhammaṃ sutvā cittaṃ pasādetvā tato cuto devaloke nibbattitvā chasu kāmasaggesu manussesuca aparāparaṃ issariyaṃ anubhavanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā ekadivasaṃ dhammaṃ desentassa bhagavato catusaccapati saṃyuttaṃ dhammakathaṃ sutvā catupaṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā ekadivasaṃ bhikkhusaṅghamajjhagato attano katakammappakāsanena pītivācamudāhari.
1
1.
175距此三十一劫前,
E ka tiṃ se ito kappe,
176一班导师出现于世间;
Loke uppajji nāyako;
177具足三十二相,
Pattiṃsa lakkhaṇātiṇṇo,
178正自觉者,名曰尸弃。
Sambuddho sa sikhīvhayo.
2
2.
180犹如燃烧的灯树,犹如升上虚空的太阳;
Jalanto dīparukkhova, sūriyova nabha muggato;
181正自觉者犹如须弥山王,为人中最上,威光炽盛。
Merurājāva sambuddho, janesaggo patāpavā.
3
3.
183他庄严遍满法界,为一切众生的依怙;
Pūretvā dhammanāvāyaṃ, sa nātho sakalaṃ pajaṃ;
184于轮回的荆棘丛中,建立起寂静安稳之地。
Patiṭṭhapento saṃsāra, kantārā santibhūmiyaṃ.
4
4.
186高举法幢,击响正法之鼓;
Dhammaketuṃ samussento, hananto dhammadundubhiṃ;
187度脱众生出离众苦,于彼处,胜者是为自在者。
Satte dukkhā pamocento, vasī tattha jino vasī.
5
5.
189一时,依怙者
Ekasmiṃ samaye nātho,
190照亮世间的胜者;
Lokapajjotako jino;
191志求远离的正自觉者,
Vivekakāmo sambuddho,
192入极胜妙之林。
Surammaṃ kānanaṃ gato.
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6.
194林中有奔那伽、龙树、槟榔等种种树木,交错丛生;
Punnāganāgapūgādi, nānāpādapasaṃkulaṃ;
195藤蔓缠绕枝干,缀满悦目花朵。
Latā liṅgitasākhāhi, sā modakusumāyutaṃ.
7
7.
197花朵盛开艳丽,宛如伞盖遮蔽其间;
Kusumā modasammatta, chappadāli nisevitaṃ;
198种种兽群游集,孔雀群舞翩跹。
Nānāmiga gaṇākiṇṇaṃ, mayūragaṇa naccitaṃ.
8
8.
200湖水清凉澄澈,渡口善妙宜人;
Sītalacchodikāsādhu, supatitthajalāsayaṃ;
201大雨秋流交注,百道瀑布奔泻。
Āsāra sāradhārāhi, nijjharāsata saṃkulaṃ.
9
9.
203他行至广袤的森林,
Gantvāna so mahāraññaṃ,
204那清凉的沙地,
Sītalaṃ sikatātalaṃ;
205你安坐于岩石之上,
Silātale nisinnosi,
206放下执取,安然端坐。
Vissajjento charaṃsiyo.
10
10.
208诸天众前来集会,恭敬供养两足尊,
Devā tattha samāgantvā, pūjesuṃ dvipaduttamaṃ;
209以天界的芳香华鬘,并以天舞与天乐。
Dibbehi gandhamālāhi, naccehi turiyehica.
11
11.
211那时,诸天中之天,于僧团中央坐定,
Devadevo tadā deva, saṅghamajjhe nisīdiya;
212宣说四圣谛,流布甘美之声。
Catusacca madesesi, niccharaṃ madhuraṃ giraṃ.
12
12.
214那时,我曾是一名猎人,以捕杀鹿与猪为生;
Tadāhaṃ luddako āsiṃ, migasūkaramārako;
215我靠野猪肉度日,并以此养育我的孩儿们
Migamaṃsena jivāmi, tena posemi dārake .
13
13.
217当时我前往猎场
Tadāhaṃ migavaṃ yāto,
218身佩箭,手持弓
Sabāṇo sasarāsano;
219见离尘垢的佛陀,
Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ,
220为天众所前导,
Devasaṅghapurakkhataṃ.
14
14.
222犹若群星密布之月,如海中须弥山。
Candaṃva tārakākiṇṇaṃ, meruṃvaṇṇavamajjhagaṃ;
223明月辉映照我身,彰显四圣谛真义。
Virocamāna māsīnaṃ, catusaccappakāsakaṃ.
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15.
225静立一旁住于彼,我亲闻无上微妙法;
Ekapasse ṭhito tattha, assosiṃ dhammamuttamaṃ;
226于此处心生净信,流露内心法喜充满。
Tattha cittaṃ pasādetvā, somanassaṃ pavedayiṃ.
16
16.
228三十一劫之前,
Ekatiṃse ito kappe,
229我所积累的福德;
Yaṃ puññaṃ pasutaṃ mayā;
230以此福德业,
Tenāhaṃ puññakammena,
231我生于天道。
Jātosiṃ devayoniyaṃ.
17
17.
233领受了殊胜的成就,遍享六欲境界的诸般高下;
Sampattimanubhutvāna, chakāmagge parāparaṃ;
234为天众所环绕,住于众宝所成的天宫。
Devasaṅghaparibbūḷho, vimāne ratanāmaye.
18
18.
236于人间,我得分享那最为殊胜的法;
Manussesuca yaṃ aggaṃ, tassa bhāgī bhavāmahaṃ;
237我的财富并无匮乏,这便是听闻正法的果报。
Bhoge me ūnatā natthi, saddhammasavaṇe phalaṃ.
19
19.
239于此贤劫之中,
Imasmiṃ bhaddake kappe,
240在无上胜妙的舍卫城,
Sāvattipuramuttame;
241于富足、大富的望族宅中,
Aḍḍhe mahaddhane sāle,
242我诞生在高贵的名门。
Jātohaṃ udite kule.
20
20.
244在众多随从的簇拥下,他达到了增长与成就;
Mahatā parivārena, patto vuddhiṃca viññutaṃ;
245我行脚游方时,抵达了殊胜的祇树给孤独园。
Cārikaṃ caramānohaṃ, patto jetavanaṃ varaṃ.
21
21.
247那时我见善逝与诸弟子一同安坐。
Addasaṃ saha sissehi, nisinnaṃ sugataṃ tadā;
248我听闻了那甜美的法,它阐明四圣谛。
Assosiṃ madhuraṃ dhammaṃ, catusaccappakāsakaṃ.
22
22.
250既闻此甜美之法,便于教法中出家;
Sutvāna madhuraṃ dhammaṃ, pabbajitvāna sāsane;
251超越老死,成就清凉,证得无上涅槃。
A jarā maraṃ sītibhūtaṃ, patto nibbāṇamuttamaṃ.
23
23.
253我于刹那间,听闻了善说之法。
Sutaṃ ekamuhuttaṃ me, tadā dhammaṃ sudesitaṃ;
254由此,我于四恶趣,无生亦无怖。
Tenamhi caturāpāye, na jāto na kutobhayaṃ.
24
24.
256我合掌当说:请为我成办此事。
Karamukkhippa vakkhāmi, karothe kagiraṃ mama;
257如我所行以为准,当善听法得安乐。
Mamo pamaṃ karitvāna, dhammaṃ suṇātha sādhukanti.
264如是说已,令诸有情致力于闻法也。
Evañca pana vatvā satte dhammasavaṇe niyojesīti.
25
25.
259此后,于彼时善闻正法,
Iti tanutarakālaṃ sādhu dhammaṃ suṇitvā,
260听闻已得成就、已证威力者之证境,
Adhigatavibhavānaṃ ānubhāvaṃ suṇitvā;
261渴望有灭之乐的朋友们啊,你们实是懈怠。
Bhavavibhavasukhaṃ bho patthayantā kusītaṃ,
262应舍弃,应听闻这稀有难得的法。
Jahatha suṇatha dhammaṃ dullabhaṃ dullabhassāti.
270猎鹿者之事为第二。
Migaluddakassa vatthuṃ dutiyaṃ.
263第三、对于三类人,此为次第说法之缘起。
3. Tiṇṇaṃjanānaṃ vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
264传说过去赡部洲洲曾发生大旱灾,那时烈日如火,炽热难当,池塘、河流、山涧泉水等一切水源都干涸枯竭,池中水尽,鱼、龟等生物大多灭亡。此后,广大森林地带的树木、草叶等也都极度枯萎。野兽与鸟类同样被炎热所逼,渴望饮用少许雨水,四处奔走,遭受极大困苦。其间有一只水鸟口渴,在各地寻水,于广袤森林中一处腐朽的树根处嗅到水的气味,被贪欲驱使想去饮用,却如同醉了一般身体沉重倒地,无法飞起。又有两个人,一个酒醉,一个清醒,也倒在那里。醉者醒后,两人彼此察觉独处,便舍弃了自身。因此未能获得独处的安稳,也无法飞离。由于不能飞离,那人心生恐惧,互相憎厌,却只能就地而住。此时,一位波罗奈村的村民入山,也在那里寻水。他看见那两人颤抖,心生忧惧,便用藤蔓将他们绑住,绑缚后又将藤蔓割断,把他们救了出来。两人醒悟后,得救者感念施救者说:‘主子啊,我们因您得以活命,从今往后请您护持我们,我们也一同作为护持者,请您护持我们的栖身之处,您应当以此为乐。’之后在森林中,那只水鸟告诉主人说:‘主人,波罗奈城南门有一棵大牛耳树,我常在那里栖息。主人,您若有事,可来我身边说话,我会以悦耳之声回应……
Jambudīpasmiṃ kira pubbe mahānidāgho ahosi, tadā nidāghasuriyena sakiraṇakarā vāpi pokkharaṇi nadī girikandaranijjharādīsu udakaṃ nissesaṃ katvā pītamiva udake parikkhīṇe macchakacchapādayo yebhuyyena vināsaṃ pattā. Atha mahāraññabhūmiyaṃ rukkhatiṇalabhādayo atīva milātā ahesuṃ. Migapakkhinopighammābhitattā pipāsito marīciṃ toyantimaññamānā itocitoca dhāvantā mahādukkhappattā ahesuṃ. Tadā eko suvapotako pipāsito tattha tattha pānīyaṃ pariyesanto mahāraññe ekasmiṃ pūtipādape saṭṭhiratane narakāvāṭe pānīyagandhaṃ ghāyitvā lobhena pātuṃ otiṇṇo atipānena bhāro tattheva patitvā uggantuṃ nāsakkhi. Athāparopi sappoca manussocāti dve janā tattheva patiṃsu, sappānāma vivekaṃ laddhāva attaṃ vijahanti. Tasmāyaṃ aladdhā vivekattaṃ uggantuṃ nāsakkhi. Anālambattā manussopi. Te uggantuṃ asakkontā maraṇabhayabhītā aññamañña maviheṭhentā tattheva vasiṃsu. Atheko barāṇasīvāsiko manusso vanaṃ paviṭṭho tatheva pānīyaṃ pariyesamāno taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā te tayopi disvā kampamānahadayo valliyā piṭakaṃ bandhitvā sikkāya pakkhipitvā otāretvā te tayopi uddhari, athānena te amhākaṃ jīvitaṃ dinnanti somanassā tassevamāhaṃsu, sāmi mayaṃ tumhe nissāya jīvitaṃ labhimha, tumhe ito paṭṭhāya amhākaṃ sahāyo, mayampi te sahāyā, amhākaṃ vasanaṭṭhānāni āgantukāmāti vatvā tesu tāva suvapotako āha, sāmi bārāṇasiyaṃ dakkhiṇadvāre mahānigrodho atthi, tatthāhaṃ vasāmi, tava tathārūpe kicce sati mama santikamāgamma suvāti saddaṃkarohīti vatvā mettithiraṃ katvā pakkāmi, sappopi sammāhaṃ tasseva nigrodhassā vidūre mahantaṃ vammikaṃ atthi, tattha vasāmi, tavatthe sati tatthāgantvā dīghātisaddaṃ karohīti vatvā tathevapakkāmi, manussopi bārāṇasiyaṃ asukāyanāma vīthiyā asukagehe vasāmi, tavatthe sati mama santikaṃ āgacchāti vatvā pakkāmi, athā parabhāge so upakārako puriso attano kicce sañjāte mama sahāyānaṃ santikaṃ gamissāmīti saṅketānusārena gantvā nigrodhamūle ṭhito suvassa saddamakāsi, taṃ sutvā suvapotako vegenāgantvā tena saddhiṃ paṭisammoditvāsamma cirenā gatosi, āgatakāraṇaṃ me ācikkhāti āha. Sopāha sammāhaṃ jīvitu masakkonto puttadārake ñātīnaṃ paṭipādetvā tava santikamāgatomhiti, suvapotakopi sādhu samma tayā kataṃ mama santikamāgacchantena, tayā mama jīvitaṃ dinnaṃ, mayāpi tava jīvanupāyaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati, yāvāhaṃ āgacchāmi, tāvettha thokaṃ vissamāti vatvā pakkāmi jīvanupāyaṃ pariyesamāno, tasmiṃ kira samaye bārāṇasīrājā nagarato nikkhamma susajjituyyānaṃ pavisitvā sapariso kīḷitvā majjhantikasamaye suphullitaṃ pañcapadumasañchanvaṃ maṅgalapokkharaṇiṃ disvā nahāyitukāmo sabbābharaṇāni omuñcitvā rājapurise paṭipādetvā nahāyituṃ otari, tadā suvapotako taṃ ṭhānaṃ patto sākhantare nilīno rājapurisānaṃ pamādaṃ disvā rañño muttāhāraṃ ḍasitvā ākāsaṃ pakkhanditvā vegenāgantvā attano sahāyassa datvā appamatto imaṃ valañjehi sammāti vatvā adāsi, tato so naṃ gahetvā imaṃ kuhiṃ paṭisāmessāmīti cintonto mameko sahāyako antonagare vasati, tasmiṃ ṭhapessāmīti cintetvā yathāsaṅketamupagamma taṃ disvā paṭisanthāraṃ katvā suvapotakena kato pakāraṃ pakāsetvā imaṃ muttāhāraṃ sādhukaṃ ṭhapehīti vatvā adāsi, taṃkhaṇe rājā nahātvānulitto ābharaṇāni pilandhento muttāhāraṃ nāddasa. Tato rājapurisā antoca bahica parijane upaparikkhitvā muttāhāraṃ apassantā nagare bheriṃ carāpesuṃ, yo muttāhāraṃ passati, tassa rājā mahantaṃ yasaṃ dassatīti. Taṃ sutvā so mittadūbhī evaṃ cintesi, ahaṃcamhi dukkhito, yannūnāhaṃ muttāhāraṃ rañño dassetvā sukhena vaseyyaṃ, kimme etenāti tena kataṃ tathārūpaṃ upakāraṃ asallakkhento mahāmittadūbhī puriso rājapurise upasaṅkamma muttahāraṃ attano santike ṭhapitabhāvaṃ kathesi, bho mama santike eko puriso muttahāraṃ ṭhapesīti. Evaṃ asappurisasaṃsaggoti, tathāhi.
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266如同长大后的苦楝树,能注入蜜汁;
Yathā saṃvaḍḍhito nimbo, madhukhīro dasiñcanā;
267那甘甜的蜜不会归于你们,这是虚伪者所造作的方式。
Na yāti madhuraṃ taṃ vo, pakāra masataṃ kataṃ.
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269犹如用头骨盛取乳汁,又或摇动正在成长的树枝;
Sīsenu daka mādāya, vaḍḍhitopi nuhītaru;
270若是凭虚伪手段营造所得,那甘甜便不会现前。
Na yāti madhuraṃ taṃvo, pakāramasataṃ kataṃ.
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272如同经常盛装牛奶而受到滋润的瓷碗一般;
Niccaṃ khīrodapānena, vaḍḍhito siviso yathā;
273如同转动瓷碗,牛奶便会溢出,卑下的回报也是如此,不生持久之相。
Visaṃva parivatteti, tathā nīcopakārakaṃ.
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275正如自己所点燃的火,确实不会给予清凉;
Yathāttanā kato aggi, sītalaṃ na dade khalu;
276同样,对卑劣者所作的恩惠,如同火焰焚烧自身。
Tathā nīce kataṃ kāraṃ, aggīva dahate tanuṃ.
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278因此,以智慧依灭与无有之理仔细审察,
Tasmā upaparikkhitvā, hāvabhāvena buddhiyā;
279应于众生修习慈心,非无缘而得安乐。
Kātabbā metti jantūhi, nāmitto labhatesukhanti.
280后来,他的朋友中有人用言语暴力,领着宫中侍从及仆役,向国王呈现了强盗。他们向国王控诉那人,国王勃然大怒,亲自带兵守卫南门,准备用毒针杀之。宫中侍从奉命前往,束缚该人并押解出南门。他们一路护送他过溪流,沿途安抚说:『这里有从前所说的守护者蚯蚓出现了,路径伸展妥当。』见到蚯蚓安全通过,押解者心有所感,出现痛苦,准备以适当时机援助押解者。被通告押送任务的人,约束自己的自性,向一名国王的亲近人短暂请安,并极力请求此人于片刻间前往国王与贵妇之所在之处,去阻止此行。亲近人身着华服,前往国王处,将被抓获的女子交给王后。于毒针刺中之时,被毒气迷惑,但以人形力量破除剧毒,准备用净水清洁女子身体使其恢复健康。随后国王踏上巡视疫病的旅程,听闻此事,拨付治病费用,将受苦之人安慰并施以厚礼。过后,他亲自前往国王处,详细说明自己所作所为。如此言说。
Athassa mittadubhino vacanena rājapurisā muttāhāraṃcataṃca gahetvā sabhaṇḍakaṃ purisaṃ dassesuṃ. Atha rājā sabhaṇḍakaṃ coraṃ disvā kuddho imaṃ netvā dakkhiṇadvāre jīvasūle uttāsethāti āṇāpesi, rājapurisā tassa rājāṇaṃ karonto agamaṃsu, tehi nīyamāno puriso dakkhiṇadvārā nikkhamma sappasahāyaṃ saritvā appevanāme tassa santikā kiñci sotthi bhaveyyāti pubbe vuttasaṅketā nusārena vammikaṃ disvā samma dīghāti saddamakāsi, so vammikā nikkhammataṃ tathā niyamānaṃ disvā saṃviggo dukkhappatto sahāyassame ajja avassayena upatthambhaṃ bhavituṃ vaṭṭatīti taṃ samassāsetvā attabhāvaṃ vijahitvā aññataravesena rājapurise upasaṅkamma imaṃ purisaṃ muhuttaṃmā mārethāti daḷhaṃ vatvā muhuttena rañño aggamahesiyā vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā sappavaṇṇena deviṃ ḍasitvā tāya visena mucchitakāle manussavaṇṇena vajjhappatto visosadhaṃ jānātitī vatvā taṃkhaṇeva sahāyassa santikaṃ gantvā raññā tava pakko sitakāle gantvā udakappasatena deviyā sarīre paharitvā nibbisaṃ karāhīti vatvā pakkāmi, atha rājā visavejja pariyesanto taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā vajjhappattaṃ ānethāti āṇāpetvā deviyā nibbisaṃ karothāti āha, so nāgarājena vuttanayena nibbisamakāsi, sā sukhitā arogā ahosi, rājā taṃ disvā tuṭṭho tassa khettavatthuyānavāhanādidānena mahāsakkāramakāsi, atha so rājānaṃ upasaṅkamma attanā kataṃ sabbaṃ pakāsesi. Tena vuttaṃ.
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282大王,有一日,我因采集柴薪等事进入树林
Ekadāhaṃ mahārāja, vanaṃ kammena kenaci;
283在那片广大的森林中,有一株佳美的龙树倒落在地
Gatoddasaṃ mahāvāṭe, patitaṃ suvapotakaṃ.
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285进而对于人的爱欲
Atho ragaṃ manussaṃca;
286当困苦与饥饿袭来之时,
Dukkhappatte khudāpare;
287我曾以悲悯之心将他扶起,
Ukkhipiṃ karuṇāyāhaṃ;
288那时,他们三人这样对我说。
Te me vocuṃ tadā tayo.
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290您赐予我们生命,亦是对我们有恩之人。
Adāsi jīvamamhākaṃ, upakārosi no tuvaṃ;
291你若有事,便来我们身边吧。
Tava kicce samuppanne, amhākaṃ ehi santikaṃ.
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293我听从他们的劝告,来到了安稳之处。
Evaṃ tehi pavuttohaṃ, agañchiṃ suvasantikaṃ;
294因此,我以行利益故,来到人间,与你亲近。
Tena katūpakārohaṃ, manussassāpi santikaṃ.
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296于是,我于临命终时,见彼蟒蛇王;
Tenāhaṃ maraṇappatto, addasaṃ uragādhipaṃ;
297彼赐予我生命,我得获广大财宝。
Sodāsi jīvitaṃ mayhaṃ, alatthaṃ vipulaṃ dhanaṃ.
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299善者不应被轻视,以为其微不足道,人中尊王啊。
Sujano nāvamantabbo, khuddakoti narādhipa;
300言语柔和,如同蛇行般婉转,安立于友道的法义。
Suvoca uragocete, mittadhamme patiṭṭhitā.
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302此人知晓因缘之理,
Kāraṇaññū manusseso,
303与我等同生一类
Amhehi samajātiko;
304纵施损害,亦复如是,
Katūpakāro evampi,
305天地间所生之极恶之人。
Diso jāto narādhamo.
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307天众因无端而愤怒,因净信之相而喜悦。
Akasmā deva kuppanti, pasīdantinimittato;
308戒乃善者之因,愚昧者所不能了知。
Sīlaṃ hetamasādhūnaṃ, bālānamavijānataṃ.
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310大王,人之于人,亦有不可信赖者。
Manussāpi mahārāja, keci vissāsiyā na ve;
311畜生中,也确有心思不正直、狡诈奸猾者。
Tiracchānāpi honteva, ajimhamanasāsaṭhāti.
312如此,他讲述了自己的经历。国王听后欢喜,命令道:“为此人建造大宅,给予大恩遇。”他却说:“请将我的家建在尼拘律树与蚁冢之间。”于是照此行事后,他便住在那里,侍奉国王,与那些同伴和睦相处,度过一生。
Evaṃ so attano pavattiṃ kathesi, rājā taṃ sutvā pasanno imassa purisassa mahantaṃ gehaṃ katvā mahāparihāraṃ karothāti āṇāpesi, so pana mama gehaṃ nigrodhassa ca vammikassa ca antare karothāti vatvā tathā kāretvā tattha vasanto rājūpaṭṭhānaṃ karonto tehi sahāyehi saddhiṃ sammodamāno yāvajīvaṃ vasitvā āyu pariyosāne tehi saddhiṃ yathākammaṃ gatoti.
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314由身体或财富等所生起的快乐,
Iti patitasukhamhā aṅgato vā dhanamhā,
315朋友乃是同伴们最究竟的依止处。
Paramatarapatiṭṭhā honti mittā sakhānaṃ;
316与友断交者,必然无有增益。
Virahitasakhinaṃ bho natthi yasmābhivuddhi,
317有朋友者,当修习广大善法。
Ciṇutha kusaladhammaṃ mittavantā mahantaṃ.
326三人之事为第三。
Tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ vatthuṃ tatiyaṃ.
318四、于佛所制事缘中,此即渐次说法。
4. Buddheniyā vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
319据说,往昔在赡部洲洲巴达厘子城,曾有一大富商家族,藏有八十七俱胝之财。其家主唯有一女,名曰佛母。在她七岁之时,父母便去世了,家中一切财产尽归她所有。据说她容貌端丽,仪态优雅,具足最胜妙色与光泽,为天人所护念,备受爱慕;她信心清净,犹如宝中之尊,便居住于此城。那时,城中商主、军将等众多侍卫仆从,仰慕她的名望而前来相随。她听闻后,便这样思惟:“我父母皆已弃世,我该如何度过未来的艰难?唯恐因财丧失而趋于衰败。” 又思惟:“我应当将此财富奉献于佛法。” 她心中忧虑,觉察此财富并非我私有之物,于是起身,于沙门、婆罗门中广作大布施,令他们欢喜。此事即是此缘。
Jambudīpe kira pubbe pāṭaliputtanagare sattāsītīkoṭinihitadhanaṃ ekaṃ seṭṭhikulaṃ ahosi, tassa pana seṭṭhino ekāyeva dhītā ahosi nāmena buddhenināma, tassā sattavassikakāle mātāpitaro kālamakaṃsu, tasmiṃ kule sabbaṃ sāpateyyaṃ tassāyeva ahosi, sā kira abhirūpā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā devaccharapaṭibhāgā piyāca ahosi manāpā, saddhā pasannā ratanattayamāmikā paṭivasati, tasmiṃ pana nagare seṭṭhisenāpatiuparājādayo taṃ attano pādaparicārikaṃ kāmayamānā manusse pesesuṃ paṇṇākārehi saddhiṃ, sā taṃ sutvā cintesi, mayhaṃ mātāpitaro sabbaṃ vibhavaṃ pahāya matā, mayā pana tathā agantabbaṃ, kiṃ me patikulena, kevalaṃ vittavināsāya bhavati, mayā pani maṃ dhanaṃ buddhasāsaneyeva nidahituṃ vaṭṭatīti cintesi, cintetvā ca pana tesaṃ na mayhaṃ patikulenatthoti paṭikkhipi, sā tato paṭṭhāya mahādānaṃ pavattentī samaṇabrahmaṇe santappesi, tenettha.
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321来自四方的诸胜者之子
Catuddisāyātajinatrajānaṃ,
322她的宫室,如同欢宴之堂
Āpānabhūtaṃ gharamāsi tassā;
323为得所求之资具
Yadicchita ppaccayalābha hetu,
324犹如天树,有大威德
Devaddumovāsi mahānubhāvo.
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326以鲜花等供养所庄严之华盖,
Pupphūpahārādi vitānalaṅkatā,
327陈设明灯与妙法讲述之行列;
Padīpa paññatta subhāsanāvalī;
328安坐于安乐座上,为诸调伏者之所庄严。
Sukhāsanāsīna vasīhilaṅkatā,
329此即彼处那座无上布施之堂。
Tassāsi tasmiṃ varadānasālā.
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331双手清净,心地纯净、具足功德,
Sudhotahatthā sucipuññacittā,
332恒常恭敬守护五戒;
Sadādarā rakkhitapañcasīlā;
333以佛陀之名,成就无上慈悲功德。
Buddhenināmā karuṇā guṇaggā,
334行无上大布施,最为清净庄严。
Adā mahādānavaraṃ pasatthanti.
335此后,有一位马商,昔日以贩马为业,往返各地。他来到这户人家中暂住。那商人见到她,生起如对女儿般的慈爱,便以香、花鬘、衣饰等物资助她。临行时,他说:“女儿啊,在这些马当中,你选一匹喜欢的马吧。”她看过马群,看中一匹,对母亲说:“这是我的马。”母亲仔细地接受了那匹马,带着女儿回家。她知道此马能远行天空,便想:“这真是我行善的助伴。”从未有过这样的念头,她想:“当如来摧破魔军,于无上菩提道场成正觉时,我若前往恭敬顶礼,必定会有人顶戴于我。”于是她穿戴金银珠宝,一日骑上那匹马,飞至菩提道场顶端停下,向道场顶礼,献上金环。这就是其中的缘起。
Athāparabhāge eko assavāṇijako assa-vāṇijjāya pubbantāparantaṃ gacchanto āgamma imissā gehe nivāsaṃ gaṇhi, atha so vāṇijo taṃ disvā dhītusinehaṃ pati ṭṭhā pe tvā gandhamālavatthālaṅkārādīhi tassā upakārako hutvā gamanakāle amma etesu assesu tava ruccanakaṃ assaṃ gaṇhāhīti āha, sāpi asse oloketvā ekaṃ sindhavapotakaṃ disvā etaṃ me dehīti āha, vāṇijo amma eso sindhavapotako, appamattā hutvā paṭijaggāhīti vatvā taṃ paṭipādetvā agamāsi. Sāpi taṃ paṭijaggamānā ākāsagāmibhāvaṃ ñatvā sammā paṭijaggantī evaṃ cintesi, puññakaraṇassa me sahāyo laddhoti, agatapubbāca me bhagavato samāraṃ mārabalaṃ vidhametvā buddhabhūtassa jayamahābodhibhūmi, yannūnāhaṃ tattha gantvā bhagavato jayamahābodhiṃ vandeyyanti cintetvā ba hū rajatasuvaṇṇamālādayo kārāpetvā ekadivasaṃ assa mabhiruyha ākāsena gantvā bodhimālake ṭhatvā āgacchantuayyā suvaṇṇamālā pūjetuṃti ugghosesi. Tenettha.
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4.
337自从我对佛陀的教法心生清净以来
Yato paṭṭhāyahaṃ buddha, sāsane suddhamānasā;
338凭此真谛,净信生起;以利益我的智慧,而得增上
Pasannā tena saccena, mamānuggahabuddhiyā.
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5.
340愿他们前来礼敬,至诚供养菩提
Āgacchantu namassantu, bodhiṃ pūjentu sādhukaṃ;
341正自觉者的儿孙——圣弟子们,佩戴着金色花鬘。
Soṇṇamālāhi sambuddha, puttā ariyasāvakā.
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6.
343那尊贵的女子听闻此语,众多锡兰居民……
Sutvā taṃ vacanaṃ ayyā, bahū sīhaḷavāsino;
344他们自虚空而降,在那里礼敬了清净无染的大地。
Āgamma nabhasā tattha, vandiṃ suca mahiṃsucāti.
345于是有一位公主,极为欢喜于佛陀法中,往来城邑之间,携带神龛,恭敬供养于大菩提树与金绳。后来她来到巴提利普城郊之林间居住者间,看见有人来往,从而见王公议论:此公主外形尊贵,携神龛而来,受到礼敬并被束缚;众人说她必将成为最高女王。诸人在听闻后商议说:“收留此公主,让她成为我女王,为人派遣,便可带领信众前来礼敬菩提。”于是派遣八位守卫藏兵严密看守。此时公主抵达尊贵菩提树坛,与净众无病者同供花礼拜后返回,此地有一名护法长老为其亲属,居于密林中时,盗贼等想要拘捕她,在不利境地跌倒,迅速离去。她紧随其后,落到该地,设法以疑惑迷惑盗贼,遂远去。盗贼又相继追赶。马儿似乎疾驰穿越空中,而公主不能以同等速度紧追,马儿背后围绕骚动。我做了善事说:此即师父,马儿急速而坐下,于空中张开(警戒),他正坐定时,也立即驿站驻止。因此…
Tato ppatuti sā kumārikā buddhasāsane atīva pasannā niccameva assa mabhiruyha āgantvā ariyehi saddhiṃ mahābodhiṃ suvaṇṇamālāhi pūjetvā gacchati, atha pāṭaliputtanagaropavane vanacarā tassā abhiṇhaṃ gacchantiyā ca āgacchantiyā ca rūpasampattiṃ disvā rañño kathesuṃ. Mahārāja evarūpā kumārikā assa mabhiruyha āgantvā nibaddhaṃ vanditvā gacchati. Devassānurūpā aggamahesī bhavitunti, rā jā taṃ sutvā tenahi bhaṇe gaṇhatha naṃ kumāriṃ, mama aggamahesiṃ karomīti purise payojesi, tena payuttapurisā bodhipūjaṃ katvā āgacchantiṃ gaṇhāmāti tattha nilīnā gahaṇasajjā aṭṭhaṃsu, tadā sā kumārikā assa mabhiruyha mahābodhimaṇḍaṃ gantvā vītarogehi saddhiṃ pupphapūjaṃ katvā vanditvā nivatti, atha tesu eko dhammarakkhita ttheronāma tassā eva māha, bhagini taṃ antarāmagge corā gaṇhitukāmā ṭhitā, asukaṭṭhānaṃ patvā appamattā sīghaṃ gacchāti, sāpi gacchantī taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā corehi anubandhitā assassa paṇhiyā saññaṃ datvā pakkāmi, corā pacchato pacchato anubandhiṃsu. Asso vegaṃ ja ne tvā ākāsa mullaṅghi, kumārikā vegaṃ sandhāretuṃ asakkontī assassa piṭṭhito parigalitvā patantī mayā katūpakāraṃ sara puttāti āha, so patantiṃ disvā vegenā gantvā piṭṭhiyaṃ nisīdāpetvā ākāsato netvā sa ka ṭṭhā ne yeva patiṭṭhāpesi. Tasmā.
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7.
347即使堕入畜生道者,亦能如此忆念有恩之人;
Tiracchānagatāpevaṃ, sarantā upakārakaṃ;
348思惟:“不弃舍、不遗忘”,因此众生当成为知恩者。
Na jahantīti mantvāna, kataññū hontu pāṇinoti.
349于是那位少女即于佛陀教法中舍弃了八十俱胝的财富,尽形寿持守净戒、行持布萨,命终后犹如从沉睡中醒来一般,投生于天界。
Tato sā kumārikā sattā sītikoṭidhanaṃ buddhasāsaneyeva cajitvā yāvajīvaṃ sīlaṃ rakkhitvā uposathakammaṃ ka tvā ta to cutā sutta ppabuddho viya devaloke nibbattīti.
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8.
351极为年轻的女众也是如此,
Atitaruṇavayā bho mātugāmāpi evaṃ,
352修习种种善业,往生天界。
Vividhakusalakammaṃ katva saggaṃ vajanti;
353诸位思惟善果殊胜,而作此观。
Kusalaphalamahantaṃ maññamānā bhavantā,
354愿你们于布施、供养等善行中,安住于舍。
Bhavatha katha mupekkhā dānamānādikamme.
364佛陀女之事为第四。
Buddheniyā vatthuṃ catutthaṃ.
355五、恶犍陀须事,此为序说。
5. Ahituṇḍikassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
356于此贤劫,我们的世尊之前,曾有名为迦叶的导师出现于世,度脱诸天世人,渡过轮回大海,成办诸佛所应作事,随后如日轮隐没于西山般,于舍卫城在无余涅槃界中般涅槃。那时,整个南赡部洲的人们聚集起来,各自寻求珍贵的宝石,用以装点外表、充填内部,用石块和泥土巧工营造,每隔数由旬便建造一座宝塔,致以最高的礼拜。那时,有一位名叫恶犍陀须者,辗转于村邑都邑之间,以与人嬉戏谋生。他来到某一村庄,与心怀欢喜的村民一同戏耍,接受种种饮食供养,食毕便在那里住下。那村庄的人们极为看重宝石。每当夜间卧息之时,人们便礼敬佛陀,称念‘南无佛陀’之语。然而这恶犍陀须者执持邪见,全然不知三宝的功德。只因听到了人们的话语,即使他在独自戏耍时,也以嘲弄的语气念着‘南无佛陀’。一天,他带着一群狗四处寻找食物,正在游荡。忽然,有一条龙王携带众多散发光芒的宝石,来到一处蚁穴。恶犍陀须者疾速前往,暗中盘算要捉住龙王。龙王觉知其意图后,心生愤怒,欲杀害恶犍陀须者。恶犍陀须者见状,无路可逃,跌落在石头上,带着往昔嘲弄时的习惯,依然说道:‘南无佛陀。’龙王听闻此语
Imasmiṃ kira bhaddakappamhi amhākaṃ kira bhagavato pubbe kassaponāma satthā loke uppajjitvā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ saṃsārasāgarā tāretvā sabbabuddhakiccāni niṭṭhapetvā atthaṃ gato divasakaroviya setabyamhi anupādisesāya nibbāṇadhātuyā parinibbāyi, tadā sakalajambudīpavāsino manussā sannipatitvā ekekaṃ suvaṇṇiṭṭhakaṃ koṭiagghanakaṃ ratanavicittaṃ bahicinanatthāya ekekaṃ aḍḍhakoṭiagghanakaṃ abbhantarūpapūraṇatthaṃ manosilāya mattikākiccaṃ karontā yojanabbedhaṃ thūpaṃ katvā mahantaṃ sakkāraṃ karonti. Tadā eko ahituṇḍiko gāmanigamarājadhānīsu sappe kīḷāpetvā jīvikaṃ kappento ekaṃ gāmakaṃ patvā tattha sappe kīḷāpetvā santuṭṭhehi gāmavāsīhi dinnavividhopāyano khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ khā di tvā bhuñjitvā tattheva nivāsaṃ gahetvā nisīdi. Tasmiṃ kira gāmake manussā yebhuyyena ratanattayamāmakā. Tasmā te rattibhāge sayantā ‘‘namo buddhāyāti’’ evamādiṃ vadanti. So pana ahituṇḍiko micchādiṭṭhiko tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ guṇaṃ na jānāti. Tasmā tesaṃ taṃ vacanaṃ sutvā sayampi ke ḷiṃ kurumāno parihāsavasena ‘‘namo buddhāyāti’’ vadati, athekadivasaṃ so attano kīḷāpanasamatthaṃ ekaṃ sappaṃ bhattha tattha pariyesamāno āhiṇḍati. Tadā eko nāgarājā kassapadasabalassa thū paṃ ga ntvā vanditvā ekaṃ vammikaṃ pavisati. Taṃ di svā ahituṇḍiko vegenā gantvā nāgarājaṃ gaṇhituṃ mantaṃ parijapi, so mantaṃ sutvā kujjhitvā taṃ māretukāmo anubandhi, taṃ di svā ahituṇḍiko ve ge na palāyanto ekasmiṃ pāsāṇe pakkhalitvā patamāno pubbevuttaparihāsa vacanaparicayena ‘‘namo buddhāyāti’’ vadanto pati. Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ anubandhantassa nāgarañño sotapathe amataṃviya pati. Atha so ratanattayagāravena tasmiṃ kodhaṃ nibbāpetvā samma mā bhāyi. Ahaṃ ratanattayamantānubhāvapāsena baddho. Tasmā tu vaṃ ḍasituṃ mayhaṃ ananurūpaṃ. Ajja ta yi pasannomhi, paṇṇākāraṃ tedammi, gaṇhāti tīṇi suvaṇṇapupphāni adāsi. Evaṃ ratanattayaṃ nāma ghorāsivisānampi sappānaṃ manaṃ pīṇeti. Honti cettha.
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1.
358‘佛’此为最上之语,‘佛’此为无上之字;
Buddhoti vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, buddhoti pada muttamaṃ;
359世间无有与其等者,亦无其他能疗愈烦恼的甘露。
Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.
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2.
361“法”一词为最胜之语,“法”一字为至高之名号;
Dhammotivacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, dhammoti padamuttamaṃ;
362于此世间,无有能与其伦比者,亦无他音声良药可相匹敌。
Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.
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3.
364“僧伽”一语为最胜之称,“僧伽”一辞为至高之名号;
Saṅghoti vacanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, saṅghoti padamuttamaṃ;
365世间无有与其等同者,也无其他音声良药可以比肩。
Natthi tena samaṃ loke, aññaṃ sotarasāyanaṃ.
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4.
367所谓“口”,即是恒常活动于口中的那个。
Tassa mukhaṃ mukhaṃ nāma, yaṃ vattati mukhe sadā;
368佛语难可听闻,却能赐予一切成就。
Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.
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370“其心”者,即心中所思所转之处。
Tassa mano mano nāma, yaṃ ce manasi vattati;
371佛陀的教言稀有难得,能赐予一切成就。
Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.
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6.
373此即护身的铠甲,此即满愿的宝珠。
Tameva kavacaṃ dehe, tameva maṇi kāmado;
374恰如那香气馥郁的乳牛,恰如那甘醇清凉的甘露。
Tameva surabhī dhenu, tameva surapādapo.
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7.
376正是依此耳根的倾听,人们所闻犹如妙音之流;
Tasseva sotaṃ sotaṃva, yaṃ suṇāti jano ayaṃ
377佛陀的教言甚为稀有,能赐予一切圆满成就。
Dullabhaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, sabbasampattidāyakaṃ.
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8.
379这样的贪染猛烈可怖,恒常如同剧毒一般;
Evaṃ vidho rago ghoro, haḷāhaḷaviso sadā;
380听闻“佛陀”之名,心中欢喜,便布施了生命。
Buddhoti vacanaṃ sutvā, santuṭṭho dāsi jīvitaṃ.
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9.
382又供奉了三朵金花,珍贵繁多。
Soṇṇapupphattayaṃcāpi, mahagghaṃ bahalaṃ adā;
383以“看,这是佛陀”这句话,彰显了威神的广大。
Passa buddhoti vācāya, ānubhāvamahantatanti.
384那时,龙王把那些金花交给他,这样说道:“朋友,这些花中,一朵为你自己的福德,一朵为我的福德,你拿去供养。剩下的一朵,你用它快乐地度过终生,养育妻儿,不放逸于布施等善行,好好维持生计。不要从事卑下的行业,并要舍弃邪见。”如此教诫之后,龙王便离去了。耍蛇人听了也心生欢喜,仅以两朵花供养塔,就得到了加持。他虽然养育妻儿,布施却比那些装穷炫耀的人更为优胜,后来舍弃了无益的业行,转而修习善法,命终之后往生天界。
Atha nāgarājā tassa tāni suvaṇṇapupphāni datvā evamāha. Samma etesu ekaṃ tava puññattāya ekaṃ mama puññatthāya pūjehi. Itarena yāvajīvaṃ sukhena jīvanto puttadāre posento dānādīsu appamajjanto jīvikaṃ kappehi. Mā hīnakamme byavaṭo hohi, micchādiṭṭhiñca pajahāti ovaditvā pakkāmi. Ahituṇḍikopi somanassappatto tena vuttanayeneva dvihi pupphehi cetiyaṃ pūjetvā ekena sa ha ssaṃ labhitvā te na puttadāre posento kapaṇaddhikavaṇibbakādīnaṃ dānaṃ dento ahituṇḍikakammaṃ pahāha kusalameva upacinanto āyupariyosāne saggaparāyano ahosi.
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10.
386如此,愚昧的众生丝毫不知佛陀的威神。
Iti aviditasatto kiñci buddhānubhāvaṃ,
387称扬其名号者,获得殊胜的财富;
Labhati dhanavisesaṃ yassa nāmappakāsā;
388明了事理的众人,谁能不体验他的威德?
Viditajananikāyo kinnu tassānubhāvaṃ,
389不称颂胜者之名,却心生舍弃职责之念。
Na lapati jinanāmaṃ kicca maññappahāyāti.
400蛇口者之事为第五。
Ahituṇḍikassa vatthuṃ pañcamaṃ.
390六、皈依长老事·次第解说
6. Saraṇattherassa vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
391据说,在舍卫城有一位名叫苏曼诺的居士。他的妻子名叫苏俭巴蒂卡。他们共同居家度日,后来生下一子一女。当孩子们还年幼时,父母寿命将尽,便叫来长子,说道:“孩子,我们没来得及把你安顿在妥当的位置;家中所有的财产……”(便将一切交付于他)。此后,他便留在家里操持家务。过了一段时日,幼子成家娶亲,也过起持家的生活。后来,幼子的妻子有了身孕,一天她对丈夫说:“夫君,我想见见你的兄长。”丈夫欣然应允,带上价值约百钱的财物一同前往。那时,世尊正安住在舍卫城,披着袈裟,带领沙弥众,入城托钵,寂静而行,走在布满七宝的道路上。众人见到佛陀,内心清净,五体投地恭敬礼拜。又有众人见到苏俭巴蒂卡家境殷实,便皈依了三宝,持戒坚固。佛陀于是说:“你们在苦难生起时,应当忆念如来。”事情正是如此。
Sāvatthiyaṃ kira sumano nāme ko gahapati ahosi. Tassa bhariyā sujampatikā nāma. Te agāraṃ ajjhāvasantā aparabhāge puttaṃca dhītaraṃca labhiṃsu. Atha tesaṃ daharakāleyeva mātāpitaro kālaṃ karontā jeṭṭhakaṃpakkositvā mayaṃ putta tuvaṃ patirūpe ṭhāne nivesituṃ nāsakkhimha, yaṃ no ghare vibhavaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ gaṇha. Imāyaca te kaṇiṭṭhikāya vuddhiṃtvameva jānāhīti vatvā jeṭṭhakassa hatthe kaṇiṭṭhikāya hatthaṃ ṭhapetvā kālamakaṃsu. Atha so mātāpitunnaṃ accayena āḷāhanakiccaṃ katvā vasanto kālantarena kaṇiṭṭhikaṃ patirūpena kulena sambandhitvā sayampi dārapariggahamakāsi. Athāparabhāge tassa kaṇiṭṭhikā gabbhinī hutvā ekadivasaṃ sāmikaṃ āha, sāmi mama bhātaraṃ daṭṭhukāmāmhīti. Sopi sādhu bhaddeti anurūpena paṇṇākārena tāya saddhiṃ nikkhami. Tadā pana bhagavā sunivattho supāruto bhikkhusaṅghaparivuso piṇḍāya nagaraṃ pāvisi chabbaṇṇaghanabuddharaṃsiyo vissajjento, ta to te bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannacittā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā aṭṭhaṃsu, atha sattā tesaṃ jayampatikānaṃ upanissayasampattiṃdisvā te saraṇesuca sīlesuca patiṭṭhāpetvā evamāha, kadāci vo dukkhe uppanne tathāgato anussaritabboti. Tathāhi.
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1.
393不论生起何种怖畏——国王、盗贼等所起——
Yaṃkiñci bhayamuppannaṃ, rājacorādisambhavaṃ;
394若那时忆念正自觉者,一切灾难便得止息,获得安宁。
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchantota dupaddavaṃ.
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2.
396凡有灾难产生,或由夜叉、饿鬼而起的不祥,
Yaṃ ve upaddavaṃ hoti, yakkhapetā disambhavaṃ;
397那时若忆念正自觉者,此灾难即得平息。
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.
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3.
399狮子、虎、鬣狗等猛兽出现,白莲等殊胜瑞相生起,
Sīhabyagghataracchādi, puṇḍarīkādisambhavaṃ;
400那时,世尊安然躺卧,从彼灾难中安度而过。
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.
4
4.
402烈日、火、风等,以及水灾、雷击等灾祸现起,
Yamātapaggi vātādi, udakāsanisambhavaṃ;
403那时,他忆念正自觉者,便灭除了那场灾难。
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.
5
5.
405由热病等疾病,由险难等所生的痛苦;
Pajjarādīhi rogehi, visamo tuhisambhavaṃ;
406那时,他忆念正自觉者,便灭除了那场灾难。
Tadā sareyya sambuddhaṃ, nicchanto tadupaddavaṃ.
6
6.
408倘若众生须与死神搏斗,即使如此,世尊亦当设法予以度脱。
Maccunā ce yadā yuddhaṃ, kare tenāpi jantunā;
409若求自胜,彼时当忆念佛陀,则胜利可期。
Saritabbo tadā buddho, patthentenattano jayanti.
410于是他们随喜世尊的教语,礼敬之后便离开了。尔后,年长者到来,见众人恭敬,便依相应礼节作了接待。她的丈夫在那里住了几日,将妻子托付给年长者,说“我村中有事”,便离开了。接着,她的兄弟唤来妻子,说道:“贤女,这里所有应办之事,你都妥善料理。”她以饮水接待他,白日辛勤照料,然而当她见到他身上佩戴的象脚镯等饰物时,心生贪染,无法自制,便悄悄毁了食物,如病人般卧床。后来他回到家中,见她卧病在床,便坐在床边问道:“贤女,你怎么了?”她默然不语,再问数次,仍不回答。此时他心中思惟:“那个得到了儿子肉的女子,必会杀死他。”于是他便展示上好的五种肉,心想:“若她这样得到我的肉,便会这样杀死他。”他用种种话语劝诫妻子莫要害人,虽经劝告,她仍不肯罢休。最终,妻子心意决绝,舍弃爱欲,断除烦恼与痴迷,心悦诚服地应允道:“我必成就善事。”此后,事情便如此发生了。
Tato te bhagavato vacanaṃ paṭinanditvā vanditvā agamaṃsu. Atha jeṭṭhako āgate te disvā yathānurūpaṃ sakkāra makāsi. Tassā sāmiko katipāhaṃ tattha vasitvā bhariyaṃ jeṭṭhakassa paṭipādetvā mama gāme kiccaṃ atthīti vatvā pakkāmi. Athassā bhātā bhariyaṃ pakkositvā āha bhadde imissā sabbaṃ kattabbaṃ karohīti. Sā tato paṭṭhāya tassā udakanna pānā dinā veyyāvaccaṃ kurumānā etissā hatthapādagīvūpagesu ābharaṇesu lobhaṃ uppādetvā taṃ vūpasametuṃ asakkontī āhārū pacchedaṃ katvā gilānāviya mañcakaṃ upagūhitvā nipati. Atha so gehaṃ gantvā taṃ tathā sayitaṃ disvā mañcake nisinno kiṃ bhadde aphāsukanti pucchi, sā tuṇhī hutvā katipayavāre pucchitā na sakkā kathetunti āha. Puna sāmikena gāḷhaṃ nibandhite sā cintesi, ujukaṃ mayā tassā piḷandhanaṃ patthemīti vutte na ppatirupaṃ, tassā pañcamadhura maṃsaṃ patthemīti vutte taṃ māressati, tadā piḷandhanāni mayhamevāti, tato sāmi tava kaṇiṭṭhikāya pañcamadhuramaṃsaṃ patthemi, alabhamānāya me jīvitaṃ natthīti āha, taṃ sutvā so anekapariyāyena manussamāraṇaṃ nāma bhāriyanti vatvā nivārentopi nivāretuṃ nāsakkhi, atha tāya paṭibaddhacitto kāmamucchito mohamūḷho hutvā sādhu labhissasīti tassā vacanaṃ sampaṭicchi. Tathāhi.
7
7.
412他们于此世的利益衰损,于他世的利益亦衰损;
Hāyanti idhalokatthā, hāyanti pāralokikā;
413凡是屈服于女人的人,皆会丧失大利益;
Hāyanti mahatā atthā, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
8
8.
415她是母亲,他是父亲,这些是姐妹与兄弟。
Esā mātā pitā eso, bhaginī bhātaro ime;
416那些受制于女人者,不知何为应尊重之事。
Garutabbe na jānanti, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
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9.
418此事有因无因,当行或不当行;
Kāraṇākāraṇantetaṃ, kattabbaṃvā na vā idaṃ;
419被爱欲所盲者,不知于此应行与不应行。
Kāmandhattā na jānanti, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
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10.
421他们或行杀生,或私通他人妻室。
Pāṇaṃ vā atipātenti, honti vā pāradārikā;
422那些依从妇女的人,常说虚妄之语。
Bhāsanti alikaṃ vācaṃ, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
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11.
424破门行窃等偷盗、饮酒及离间语。
Sandhicchedādikaṃ theyyaṃ, majjapānaṃca pesunaṃ;
425那些为女人所驱使的人,会做出一切肆无忌惮的暴行。
Karonti sāhasaṃ sabbaṃ, ye itthīnaṃ vasaṅgatā.
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12.
427世间真是奇特啊!对于记得的人,它竟成了恐惧之因;
Aho acchariyaṃ loke, sarantānaṃ bhayā vahaṃ;
428被妻子左右之后,竟想杀害自己的同胞姐妹。
Bhariyāya vasaṃ gantvā, sodariṃhantumicchatīti.
429于是,那轻率男子对妹妹说:“来吧,我们要保护父母的家业,为彼此立一誓约;若有人对我们显示敌意,我们定当以同样的敌意回击。”听闻此言,她满足地安坐,若行姻缘女子同去,仿佛行于密林深处。跨越庄园路口,准备中止他们的行为,打算用刀割断此关系,思虑至此时,抓住头发将她摔倒在地。此时她的因果业力发作。因羞于兄长,她感到业力驱动。她虽欲放弃此驰念,欲将子息抛弃,然而不能斩断。男子守着她身旁,如欲杀之,抓住脸颊用力扭曲。此时女子望向他,恳求道:“以你对我兄弟的慈爱,不可杀我。”男子听而不理,硬要杀她。公主思量无援,决定依附她的亲兄长,以期彼能保护。她折服于兄弟之慈爱与赖以保护,默默赴约于尼格罗德树下。她忧虑若被此地的神灵所杀,将无法进入天界聚会。心念此事,仿佛有个伙伴在旁,劝她说:“既然如此,你就放弃他,不要怕。”于是公主整顿心事,坐下雪藏,第二天即至舍卫城内,悄然隐没。正如是。
Atha so sāhasiko puriso bhagini eva māha, ehi amma amhākaṃ mātāpitunnaṃ iṇaṃ sādhessāma, appevanāma no disvā iṇāyikā iṇaṃ dassantīti, taṃ sutvā tāya sampaṭicchite sukhayānake nisīdāpetvā iṇāyikānaṃ gāmaṃ gacchanto viya mahāaṭaviṃpatvā yānaṃ maggā okkamma ṭhapetvā viravantimeva naṃ hatthe gahetvā chindissāmīti cintetvā kese gahetvā bhūmiyaṃ pātesi, tasmiṃ khaṇe tassā kammajavātā caliṃsu. Sā bhātulajjāya sāmi kammajavātā me caliṃsu, yā vā haṃ vijāyāmi, tāva upadhārehīti vadantīpi apanetuṃ asakkontī puttaṃ vijāyi, atha so taṃ samīpe vaṭarukkhamūle māressāmīti cikure gahetvā ākaḍḍhi, tasmiṃ kāle sā sāmi tava bhāgineyyassa mukhaṃ oloketvā tassa sinehenāpi maṃ na mārehīti vadantī yāci, atha so kakkhaḷo tassā taṃ kāruṇikavacanaṃ asuṇanto viya māretuṃ ussahateva, tato sā kumārikā attano asaraṇā cintesi, mama saddenā gantvā yo koci mama bhātu anayaṃ kareyya, taṃ na ppatirūpanti bhātusinehena nissaddā attanā gatitasaraṇaṃ āvajjamānā nipajji, athassā bhā ta ri mettānubhāvenaca anussaritasaraṇānubhāvenaca tasmiṃ nigrodhe adhivatthā devatā evarūpo mātugāmo ettha māritā abhavissā, addhāhaṃ devasamāgamaṃ pavisituṃ na labhissāmīti cintetvā etissā sā mi ko viya taṃ ta jje tvā palāpetvā tvaṃ mā bhāyīti samassāsetvā yā na ke sa pu ttaṃ kumāriṃ nisīdāpetvā taṃ divasameva sāvatthimāgamma antonagare sā lā ya naṃ nipajjāpetvā antaradhāyi. Tathāhi.
13
13.
431一切成就的施与者,一切世间唯一的导引者;
Sabbasampattidātāraṃ, sabbalokekanāyakaṃ;
432即使仅以心意观想他,诸天神亦确然守护此人。
Manasāpi yo vibhāveti, taṃ ve pālenti devatā.
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14.
434哪怕仅仅片刻,若有人善巧地修习慈心,
Muhuttampica yo mettaṃ, bhāveti yadi sādhukaṃ;
435诸天也护持此人,并喜悦地加以护佑。
Taṃ ve pālenti devāpi, tosayanti upāyanāti.
436后来,她的丈夫出城离去时,看见自己的妻子,便问道:“你何时来的?谁带你来的?”她并不知道是被天女带来,便说:“你在说什么?不就是你带我来的吗?”他听后说:“怎么会这样?从在你兄弟的村子见到你算起,到今天已经四个月了,这么长的时间里我从未见过你。”她说:“请别说这种隐秘的事,只管安心听我说。”于是她将自己的经历详细复述了一遍。那位丈夫听后,心中生起强烈的怖畏与惊惧,对那座房子产生了厌离,便舍弃它不再居住。几天后,出于那份出离之心,两人一同礼请佛陀为师,广行布施,顶礼佛陀后坐于一旁。妻子依止于世尊的教法,在病中显现出生存的利益,向佛陀恭敬礼拜,并称念护佑之名。佛陀了知他们二人的心,为其说法,不久二人皆证得入流果。与此同时,他们的儿子护依童子年满二十,便在佛陀的教法中出家,勤修内观而得增长,最终证得阿拉汉果,被称为护依长老。
Tato tassā pana sāmiko nagarā nikkhamma gacchanto attano bhariyaṃ disvā tvaṃ kadā āgatā, kenānītāsīti pucchi. Sā devatāya ānītabhāvaṃ ajānantī kiṃ tvaṃ bhaṇasi, nanu tayā ānītāmhīti, sopi kiṃbhoti bhaṇasi, tava bhātugāme diṭṭhakālato ppatuti ajja cattāro māsā jātā, ettakaṃ kālaṃ tvaṃ na diṭṭhapubbā, kathaṃ tvaṃ mayā saddhiṃāgatāti pucchi. Sā taṃ sutvā tenahi māññassa imaṃ rahassaṃ kathehi sāmīti vatvā bhā ta rā attano kataṃ sabbaṃ vitthārena kathesi. Taṃ sutvā tassa sāmiko saṃviggo bhayappatto hutvā taṃ attano gehaṃ pāpesi, tato katipāhaṃ tāya vissamite te ubhopi satthāraṃ nimantetvā mahādānaṃ datvā vanditvā ekamante nisīdiṃsu, atha sā bhagavato saraṇasīlānubhāvena attano jīvitapaṭilābhaṃ pakāsetvā attano puttaṃ bhagavantaṃ vandāpetvā saraṇotināmamakaṃsu, satthā te saṃ ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvā tadanurūpaṃ dhammaṃ desesi, desanāvasāne ubhopi sotāpannā ahesuṃ, athassā putto saraṇakumāro vīsatime vasse buddhasāsane pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patto saraṇattheronāma paññāyīti.
15
15.
438若于心中刹那忆念那众天中的天中天,
Khaṇamapi manasevaṃ devadevaṃ sarantā,
439思惟:“已证得那最上的依怙”,
Paramatarapatiṭṭhaṃ pāpuṇantīti mantvā;
440了知这存在状态中的功德之聚,诸人众啊。
Bhavagati guṇarāsiṃ jānamānā janā bho;
441应当时时处处,奉持皈依与戒。
Bhajatha saraṇasīlaṃ sabbathā sabbakālanti.
453萨拉纳长老之事为第六。
Saraṇattherassa vatthuṃ chaṭṭhamaṃ.
442七、关于韦萨蜜达的故事——此为渐次说法。在占婆地附近有一座藕栗城,国王名为韦萨蜜达,是诸王中最尊胜者。那时,世尊与广大比丘僧团共住,正在占婆城中游行教化。当时,韦萨蜜达王后与世尊一同前往集会之所,听闻世尊以无与伦比的佛陀威仪、甘美音声宣说的妙法,心开意解,坚固地皈依三宝而安住。后来,王后为了王国的利益,命令侍臣率军作战,而国王则紧急派遣王子披甲持矛迎战。得知此事后,王子率领大军奔赴战场,与王后同至河边设下营障。王后说道:“善哉,沙场上胜败难测。若我失利,便会先行放出夜旗,你见此旗,即凭此神通速返占婆。”于是她赶赴战地奋勇作战,自知已败,便渡河撤回,并放出了夜旗。见到夜旗升起,王子便决定撤退。一名敌军的侍臣看见此景,知道这定是国王所娶的上首王后,便向自己的君主禀明了她的身份。叛王见了她,下定决心道:“这便是我的加冕之礼,莫让私欲败坏。”于是侍臣前去为她请求举行灌顶,王后沉默不语。侍臣便转达了国王的意思。国王询问她为何不愿,王后便如此作答。
7. Vessāmittāya vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
443据说,在赡部洲的憍赏弥城,有一位名叫韦萨蜜达的憍赏弥王之首辖王后。那时,世尊正与广大比丘僧团一起游化,暂住在憍赏弥。在那段时日,她随同国王前往寺院,听闻世尊以无与伦比的佛陀威仪、以甜美悦耳的音声宣说之法,由此生起净信,皈依三宝,成为佛陀的亲依者而安住。此后,那位国王的对立边境之王,为了谋夺王位,遣使送来书信,扬言:‘要么割让王土,要么开战迎战。’国王闻悉此讯,率领大军出征,并偕同首辖王后一道同行。在军营中安顿下来之后,他告诫王后说:‘爱妃,战场的胜负实在难以预料。倘若我遭遇败亡,定会事先升起红旗为信号。你见到这个标志,便径直返回憍赏弥城。’说完之后,他开赴战场奋勇厮杀。自知败局已定,他念及妻子的安危,便升起了红旗,仍在阵中奋力搏战,最终战死沙场。王后看见红旗升起,心想:‘我的夫君定是已败亡了。’于是惊怖奔逃。那时,叛王的兵士看见她,认出这是国王的首辖王后,便带她去见他们的君主。叛王一见她,便心生爱慕,当即命令大臣们:‘为她举行灌顶之礼,立为王后。’大臣们前去向她请求,她却说:‘我不需要这灌顶之位。’如此拒绝了他们。大臣们将此情况禀报国王,国王便召她前来,问道:‘你为何不愿?’她作出了这样的回答。
Jambudīpe kira kosambinagare kosambirañño vessāmittānāma aggamahesī ahosi. Tadā bhagavā kosambiyaṃ paṭivasati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ cārikaṃ caramāno. Tasmiṃ samaye sā raññā saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā anopamāya buddhalīḷāya madhurena sarena desentassa bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā pasannā saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya buddhamāmikā hutvā viharati. Athā parabhāge tassa rañño rajjatthāya paccantarājā yuddhasajjo rajjaṃ vā detu, yuddhaṃvāti paṇṇaṃ pahiṇi. Taṃ sutvā rājā mahatiyā senāya parivuto yuddhabhūmiṃ gacchanto mahesiyā saddhiṃ gantvā khandhāvāraṃ nivāsetvā tassā evamāha. Bhadde saṅgāmasīse jayaparājayo nāma na sakkā viññātuṃ. Sace me parājayo abhavissa, puretarameva rattapatākaṃ ussāpessāmi, tena abhiññāṇena tvaṃ kosambimeva gacchāhīti anusāsitvā saṅgāma maṇḍalaṃ gantvā mahāraṇaṃ karonto attano parājayabhāvaṃ ñatvā mātugāmaṃ saritvā rattaddhajaṃ ussāpetvā yujjhanto raṇe pati. Atha sā rattapatākaṃ disvā parājito nūna me sāmikoti bhayena palāyitumārabhi. Atha taṃ corarañño manussā disvā nūnāyaṃ rañño aggamahesīti ñatvā attano rājānaṃ dassesuṃ, rājā taṃ disvā paṭibaddhacitto mametaṃ abhisekaṃ karothāti amacce āṇāpesi. Amaccā taṃ abhisekatthāya yāciṃsu, sā na me bhaṇe abhisekenatthoti na icchi. Amaccā tamatthaṃ rañño ārocesuṃ. Rājā naṃ pakkosāpetvā kasmā na icchasīti pucchi. Sā evamāha.
1
1.
445天众啊,当善谛听,我今所说之语。
Suṇohi sādhukaṃ deva, bhāsamānāya me vaco;
446我今已了知,世尊乃施予一切圆满福德之所依。
Bhattā mayhaṃ mato ajja, sabbasampattidāyako.
2
2.
448以佛法灌顶于我,视我如其心间之子;
Katvāna sobhisekaṃ maṃ, attano hadayaṃ viya;
449忆念彼时,忧愁之火灼烧其心。
Pāleti taṃ sarantassā, sokaggi dahate manaṃ.
3
3.
451大王,如实自知者,即是正道之胜行者。
Mahārāja sacaññassa, assa maggamahesikā;
452我未能从彼苦解脱,故我不再企求于彼。
Tamhā dukkhā na muccāmi, tenāhaṃ taṃ na patthaye.
4
4.
454我被忧愁之火所燃烧,陷于忧愁之中,如何能断除忧愁?
Sokagginā padittāhaṃ, soke sokaṃ kathaṃ khipe;
455在炽燃的火焰中,有哪位智者会投入稻草呢?
Jalantaggimhī ko nāma, palālaṃ pakkhipe budho.
5
5.
457她一遍遍地思惟着爱别离苦,
Piyavippayogadukkhaṃ, taṃ cintayantī punappunaṃ;
458我未能从彼痛苦中解脱,因此我不希求它。
Tamhā dukkhā na muccāmi, tasmāhaṃ taṃ na patthayeti.
459国王听后瞋怒攻心,说道:“你若不受灌顶,我便将你投入火中!”随即令人生起大薪堆,点上火,当火光盛燃之际,命她:“进去!”这时,她向国王恳求,陈述原委。
Taṃ sutvā rājā kodhenābhibhūto sace nābhisiñcissasi, aggimhi taṃ pakkhipissāmīti vatvā mahantaṃ dārucitakaṃ kārāpetvā aggiṃ datvā ekapajjote jāte etta pavisāti āha. Atha sā yācantī rājānaṃ āha.
6
6.
461国王啊,恶人将无辜者投入烈火之中,确是如此。
Pāpo nippāpinaṃ rāja, pātanaṃ khalu pāvake;
462因此,他必感受恶果,于自身也为他人。
Hoti pāpaphalaṃ tassa, paccatteca paratthaca.
7
7.
464古代的国王们,以及沙门、婆罗门。
Purātanehi bhūpāla, samaṇabrahmaṇesuca;
465于父母、于稚童,以及患病者与妇女。
Mātāpitusu bālesu, rogenā turaitthisu;
466死亡不为诸天所赦免,故我无须畏惧死亡。
Nappasattho vadho deva, tasmāhaṃ na vadhārahāti.
467国王听后,仍不信服,便命人抓住她的手脚,将她投入火中。众人依令而行。就在被投入烈火之际,她心想:‘我于此间,实无任何依怙。’既作是想,便决意皈依,念道:‘我皈依佛,我皈依法,我皈依僧。’当她如此专心念诵时,火焰竟连她身上的一丝毫毛也无法烧及。她身处火中,却如置身莲苞之内,身心皆感清凉。国王目睹这些稀有景象,大惊失色,汗毛直竖,迅速上前,双手托住她的胸口,将她安置于王座之上,随后恭敬合掌而立,询问火焰为何不能烧伤她的身体。她便向他如实陈述了缘由。
Taṃ sutvāpi rājā asaddahanto manusse āṇāpesi. Etāya hatthapāde gahetvā aggimhi pakkhipathāti te tathā kariṃsu, atha sā aggimhi pakkhipamānā natthettha me koci paṭisaraṇoti saraṇameva saraṇaṃ karomīti cintetvā ‘‘buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti’’ vadantī manasāca anussarantī aggimhi pati, tathāvidhopi aggi tassā sarīre lomakūpamattampi uṇhākāraṃ kātuṃ nāsakkhi. Padumagabbhaṃ paviṭṭhā viya sītibhūtasarīrā ahosi. Rājā taṃ acchariyaṃ disvā saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto vegena taṃ upasaṅkamitvā ubhohi hatthehi paggayha ure nipajjāpetvā rājāsane nisīdāpetvā añjaliṃ gaggayha ṭhito kasmā te taṃ aggi sarīraṃ mā paridahīti pucchi. Sā taṃ kāraṇaṃ kathentī eva māha.
8
8.
469她说:‘母亲、父亲、亲属,以及亲眷与善友,’
Mātā pitāca ñātīca, parivārāca sohadā;
470乃至山林神祇与诸大威德天,亦皆护持。
Manto sadhādayocāpi, mahesakkhāca devatā.
9
9.
472这些诸王与其他国王,当众生面临怖畏时,
Eteca ññeca bhūpāla, sattānaṃ bhaya māgate;
473纵然舍离三皈依,亦不能给予守护。
Rakkhituṃ neva sakkonti, hitvāna saraṇattayaṃ.
10
10.
475我皈依佛陀,佛陀是我的皈依;
Agāhaṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ, buddho me saraṇaṃ iti;
476凭此光明,王啊!愿炽燃之火不烧于我。
Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.
11
11.
478我皈依法,法是我的皈依;
Agāhaṃ dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ, dhammo me saraṇaṃ iti;
479凭此威光,愿我王莫令炽燃的烈火焚灼于我。
Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.
12
12.
481我皈依僧团,僧团是我所皈依;
Agāhaṃ saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ, saṅgho me saraṇaṃ iti;
482凭此威光,愿我王莫令炽燃的烈火焚灼于我。
Tena tejena maṃ rāja, jalanto aggi no dahi.
13
13.
484如是大威德,现前可证,来即可见者
Evaṃ mahānubhāvantaṃ, paccakkhaṃ ehipassikaṃ;
485摧毁种种灾祸,赐予种种成就者
Nāno paddava viddhaṃsiṃ, nānāsampattidāyakaṃ.
14
14.
487若有情不以正受持来执取三皈依
Saraṇattayañhi yo satto, na samādāya gaṇhati;
488无论此世或他世,他都不会得到安乐。
Idhavā paratthavā loke, so sukhaṃ nānubhossati.
15
15.
490能善加受持三皈依的众生,
Saraṇattayañhi yo satto, susamādāya gaṇhati;
491无论此世或他世,他都不会舍离安乐。
Idhavāparatthavā loke, so sukhā na vihāyati.
16
16.
493因此,你身为君王,应当受持三皈依。
Tasmā tuvampi bhūpāla, gaṇhāhi saraṇattayaṃ;
494此皈依于一切处,即为你的保护、庇护与究竟依止。
Taṃ te bhavati sabbattha, tāṇaṃ leṇaṃ parāyaṇanti.
495国王听了这话,心中极生欢喜,乞求她的原谅,并致以盛大的恭敬与尊重,说:“从今以后,你就是我的母亲。”将她奉置于母亲之位后,便皈依了三宝。那时聚集的大众目睹此神通,安住于皈依与戒行,行布施等福德善业,随后又如其所业而去。
Taṃ sutvā rājā ativiya pasannamānaso taṃ khamāpetvā mahantaṃ sakkārasammānaṃ katvā ajjappaṭṭhāya tvaṃ mama mātāti taṃ mātuṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā saraṇa magamāsi. Tasmiṃ sannipatitvā ṭhitamahājanā taṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā saraṇesuca sīlesuca patiṭṭhāya dānādīni puññakammāni katvā yathākammaṃ gatāti.
17
17.
497如是,她唯独受持此最上皈依戒,
Iti saraṇavaraṃ sā kevalaṃ uggahetvā,
498于炽燃烈焰中,获得了清凉;
Jalitadahanamajjhe sītibhāvaṃ alattha;
499你们护持这最上皈依戒,是如何
Paramasaraṇasīlaṃ pālayantā kathaṃ vo,
500既不能获得存在的享乐,亦不能证得涅槃。
Na labhatha bhavabhogaṃ nibbutiñcāpi anteti.
513第七则:韦萨弥达巴的故事。
Vessāmittāpa vatthuṃ sattamaṃ.
501八、大曼陀陀事中,此是次第说法。
8. Mahāmandhātuvatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
502据说,从此九十一劫前,名叫毗婆尸的正自觉者出现于世间,转动无上法轮,为含天神在内的世间所尊崇,住在宾头卢城。那时,这位曼陀陀即生在该城,是一名制陶匠,以制陶业为生。当时,全城居民都以佛陀为首的比丘僧团为对象,举行大布施。于是他心想:“全城居民都做了供养,我若唯独不种此福德因,如何能从苦难中脱出?”他便赶快从事制陶工作,获得少许财物,用这财物备办供养,并前往王宫,取得圆满的供养器皿,携回而供养给以佛陀为首的比丘僧团。他心中这样决定:“现在已没有机会逐位施与了,我应将这些物品向空中抛撒,但愿有比丘得到此施物,藉此长久安享快乐。”于是,他怀着清净的心,举头向天,将供养的物品抛撒出去。那时,众多天神与四方诸天护持比丘们,使有比丘得到了那些施物。他见到这般稀有之相,心中欢喜,在头顶合掌而立,住于恭敬,并且祈愿。
Ito kira ekanavutikappamatthake vipassīnāma sammāsambuddho loke uppajjitvā pavattavaradhammacakko sadevakehi lokehi pūjiyamāno bandhumatīnagare paṭivasati. Tadā so mandhātā tasmiṃ nagare tunnakāro hutvā nibbatti. Tunnakārakammena jīvikaṃ kappento viharati. Tadā sakalanagaravāsino buddhapamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantetvā mahādāna madaṃsu. Atha so evaṃ cintesi, sabbepime nagaravāsino dānaṃ dadanti. Ahamekova seso duggatattā, yajjāhamajja bījaṃ na ropemi, imamhā dukkhā na parimuccissāmīti. So vegena tunnakārakammaṃ pariyesitvā kiñcimūlaṃ labhitvā tena ekassāpi dānaṃ dātuṃ okāsa maladdhā āpaṇaṃ gantvā rājamāsake gahetvā caṅkoṭakaṃ pūretvā ādāya buddhapamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa bhattaggaṃ gantvā ṭhito evaṃ cintesi, natthi dāni okāsaṃ ekassāpi bhikkhuno patte okirituṃ, addhāhaṃ ime ākāse vikirissāmīti appevanāma patamānānaṃ ekassāpi bhikkhuno patte ekampi pateyya, taṃ me bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hibhāya sukhāyāti pasannamānaso uddhaṃ khipi, ta to patamānā te parivārikadevatānañca bhagavato ānubhāvenaca bahi apatitvā bhagavantamādiṃ katvā sabbesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ patteyeva patiṃsu. Atha so taṃ acchariyaṃ disvā pasannamānaso sirasi añjaliṃ paggayha ṭhito evaṃ patthanamakāsi.
1
1.
504我今依此戒行功德与净信,特此述说:
Iminā me adhikārena, pasādena yatissare;
505愿我于欲乐受用者中最为尊上,于生生世世皆得如此。
Kāmabhogīnahaṃ aggo, bhaveyyaṃ jātijātiyaṃ.
2
2.
507每当合掌礼敬后,我瞻仰虚空;
Paharitvā yadā pāṇiṃ, olokemi nabhotalaṃ;
508具足七宝,愿其如雨季般恒时降下甘霖。
Sattaratanasampannaṃ, vassaṃ vassatu sabbadāti.
509从此以后,他在天人与人之间流转,享受了广大的天界成就。在此贤劫之初,他成为名叫大选出王的国王。他的儿子名为罗阇,罗阇之子名为胜罗阇,胜罗阇之子名为善贤,善贤之子名为胜善贤。胜善贤之子名为布萨,布萨之子名为曼陀多。曼陀多降生时,因具足七宝与四如意足而成为转轮王,确立王权。他右手托物,左手承接,如同云层中降下的甘霖,以七宝之雨遍施。他以如此不可思议的方式降生后,度过了八万四千年的童年,又度过了八万四千年的王子生涯,执掌国政。此后,他再度度过八万四千年的转轮王治世,其寿量不可估量。一日,他于欲乐仍不知足,显露出不满之态。诸天人及天众惊问其故。他说:‘我今观察,依我等福德所感,这些殊妙王政尚不圆满,何处才是应居之地?’于是,诸大天王共同前来,以天界莲花洗净其手,持执芳香莲花,由众天神围绕,迎请他从人间前往天界。帝释天牵引曼陀多王,进入自己的宫殿。帝释将天宫分作两半,设立天界都城,令二王各居其半。于是,两位转轮王共理政事。时光流逝,帝释寿命历经六万余岁后命终。其后,又有另一位帝释兴起同样的天王之治,寿终正寝。如此,三十三位帝释相继寿终。
So tato paṭṭhāya devamanussesu saṃsaranto mahantaṃ dibbasampattiṃ anubhavitvā imasmiṃ bhaddakappe ādimhi mahāsammato nāma rājā ahosi. Tassa putto rojo nāma. Tassa putto vararojo nāma, tassa putto kalyāṇo nāma, tassa putto varakalyāṇo nāma. Varakalyāṇassa putto uposatho nāma. Uposathassa putto mandhātā nāma hutvā nibbatti. So sattahi ratanehi catūhi ca iddhīhi samannāgato cakkavattirajjaṃ kāresi, tassa vāmahatthaṃ sammiñjitvā dakkhiṇahatthena appoṭṭhite ākāsato dibbameghā viya jaṇṇuppamāṇaṃ sattaratanavassaṃ vassati. Evarūpo acchariyo ahosi. So caturāsītivassasahassāni kumārakīḷaṃ kīḷi. Caturāsītivassasahassāni oparajjaṃ kāresi. Caturāsītivassasahassāni cakkavattirajjaṃ kāresi, āyu panassa asaṅkhyeyyaṃ ahosi. So ekadivasaṃ kāmataṇhaṃ pūretuṃ asakkonto ukkaṇṭhitākāraṃ dassesi, amaccā deva kinnakho ukkaṇṭhā sīti pucchiṃsu. So bhaṇe mayhaṃ puññakamme olokiyamāne imaṃ rajjaṃ nappahoti, katarannu kho ṭhānaṃ ramaṇīyanti. Devaloko mahārājāti. So cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiritvā parisāya saddhiṃ cātumahārājikadevalokaṃ agamāsi, athassa cattāro mahārājāno dibbamālagandha- hatthā devagaṇaparivutā paccuggamanaṃ katvā taṃ ādāya cātumahārājikadevalokaṃ gantvā rajjaṃ adaṃsu, tassa parisāya parivutassa tasmiṃ rajjaṃ karontassa dīgho addhā vītivatto. So tatthapi taṇhaṃ pūretu masakkonto ukkaṇṭhitā kāraṃ dassesi. Tato cattāro mahārājāno kinnukho mahārāja ukkaṇṭhitoti pucchiṃsu. Imamhā devalokā katarannu kho ṭhānaṃ ramaṇīyanti, deva paresaṃ upaṭṭhākamanussasadisā mayaṃ. Tāvatiṃsadevaloko ito sataguṇena ramaṇīyoti. Mandhātā cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiritvā attano parisaparivuto tāvatiṃsābhimukho pāyāsi, athassa sakko devarājā dibbamālagandhahattho devagaṇaparivuto paccuggamanaṃ katvā taṃ hatthe gahetvā ito ehi mahārājāti āha. Tato rañño devagaṇaparivutassa gamanakāle pariṇāyakaratanaṃ cakkaratanaṃ ādāya saddhiṃparisāya manussapathaṃ otaritvā attano gharaṃ pāvisi. Sakko mandhātuṃ sakkabhavanaṃ netvā devatā dve koṭṭhāse katvā attano rajjaṃ majjhe bhinditvā adāsi. Tato paṭṭhāya dvepi rājano rajjaṃ kāresuṃ. Evaṃ kāle gacchante sakko saṭṭhisatasahassādhikāni tissoca vassakoṭiyo āyuṃ khepetvā cavi. Añño sakko nibbatti, sopi tatheva devarajjaṃ kāretvā āyukkhayena cavi, etenu pāyena chattiṃsa sakkā caviṃsu, mandhātā pana manussaparihārena devarajjaṃ kāresiyeva, tassevaṃ kāle gacchante bhīyyoso mattāya kāmataṇhā uppajji, so kimme upaḍḍharajjena. Sakkaṃ māretvā ekarajjaṃ karissāmīti cintesi. Sakkaṃ pana māretuṃ na sakkā, kāmataṇhā panesā vipattimūlā. Tathāhi.
3
3.
511有德者于此安乐,远离苦难;而贪求无厌之人,则为过度的欲望所摧伏。
Varamatra sukhantyatra, atricchāvihato naro;
512无论此世还是他世,于任何事物之中,都永远找不到安乐。
Idhavā paratthavā kiñci, na sātaṃ vindate sadā.
4
4.
514由渴爱生起忧愁,
Taṇhāya jāyate soko,
515由渴爱生起恐惧。
Taṇhāya jāyate bhayaṃ;
516已从渴爱中解脱者,
Taṇhāya vippamuttassa,
517既无忧愁,何有恐惧。
Natthi soko kuto bhayaṃ.
5
5.
519为渴爱所奴役者,于此世间,将遭受国王、盗贼等所生之难。
Taṇhādāso naro ettha, rājacorādisambhavaṃ;
520他遭受诸如断手等苦,深受折磨。
Hattacchedādikaṃ dukkhaṃ, pāpuṇāti vihaññati.
6
6.
522由他所生起的贪欲,令众生恒时衰败;
Yena lobhena jātena, sadā jīyanti pāṇino;
523田地、屋宅与金银,牛马、奴仆与侍从,
Khettaṃ vatthuṃ hiraññaṃca, gavāssaṃ dāsaporisaṃ;
524贪欲,智者应当竭尽全力将其断除。
Sabbatthāmena so lobho, pahātabbova viññunāti.
525因此,那为过度的贪欲所害之人,寿行衰减,衰老侵袭其身体。然而,人的身体在天界并不会毁坏。如是,他从天界隐没,进入了邦度马提城的花园。守园人将他到来的消息禀告王族。国王从王宫前来,就在花园中为他铺设了座位。于是,慢陀达王在花园中铺设好的座位上坐下。这时,诸天问道:“诸天啊,你们彼此交谈时,生起了什么话题?”他们答道:“请向大众宣说此法:慢陀大王在被两千小洲环绕的四大洲上建立王权,统治了四大洲的王国,并在三十六位天王的寿量期间统治天界。”说完后,便适时离去。为阐明此义,世尊在四众弟子集会中,说出如下偈颂:
Tato atricchāvihatassa tassa āyusaṅkhāro parihāyi, jarā sarīraṃ pahari, manussasarīrañhi nāma na devalokebhijjati, tatha so devalokā bhassitvā bandhumatīnagaruyyānaṃ pāvisi, uyyānapālo tassa āgatabhāvaṃ rājakulaṃ nivedesi. Rājā rājakulā āgantvā uyyāneyeva āsanaṃ paññāpesi. Tato mandhātā uyyāne paññattavarāsane nipanno anuṭṭhānaseyyaṃ kappesi. Tato amaccā deva tumhākaṃ parato kinnu kathesāmāti pucchiṃsu, mama parato tumhe imaṃ sāsanaṃ mahājanassa katheyyātha, mandhātumahārājā dvisahassadīpaparivāresu catūsu mahādīpesu cakkavattirajjaṃ kāretvā cātumahārājikesu rajjaṃ kāretvā chattiṃsasakkānaṃ āyuparimāṇena devaloke rajjaṃ kāretvā kālamakāsīti. So evaṃ vatvā kālaṃkatvā yathākammaṃ gatoti imamatthaṃ pakāsetuṃ bhagavā catumahāparisamajjhe imā gāthāyo āha.
7
7.
527日月所行之处,旋转照耀诸方,光明赫奕;
Yāvatā candimasuriyā, pariharanti disā bhanti virocanā;
528一切依地而生的众生,皆为顶生大王的仆从。
Sabbeva dāsā mandhātā, ye pāṇā pathavinissitā.
8
8.
530纵使金钱如雨下,于诸欲中亦无满足。
Na kahāpaṇavassena, titti kāmesu vijjati;
531诸欲乐少苦多,智者如是了知。
Appassadā dukhā kāmā, iti viññāya paṇḍito.
9
9.
533即使在天界的欲乐中,他亦不能获得喜乐。
Api dibbesu kāmesu, ratiṃso nādhigacchati;
534乐于渴爱灭尽者,是正自觉者的弟子。
Taṇhākkhayarato hoti, sammāsambuddhasāvakoti.
535闻此法已,许多人证得初果等果位。
Taṃ sutvā bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.
10
10.
537这即是定趣者无上的觉悟。
Iti gatiniyatānaṃ bodhiyā uttamānaṃ;
538帝释以车乘接引,授予超越苦与渴爱。
Sakavasamupanetvā deti dukkhātitaṇhā;
539对于趣向不定者,如我之人又有何言说?
Aniyatagatikānaṃ kā kathā mādisānaṃ;
540“应舍弃此法”——如是思惟后,说道:“朋友,当广传此善妙法理。”
Jahatha tamiti mantvā bho bhajavho tivatthuṃti.
554第八则:大曼达图的故事。
Mahāmandhātuvatthuṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.
541九、佛陀种姓商人事迹的次第叙述
9. Buddhavammavāṇijakavatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
542在南瞻部洲,被称为华氏城的地方,曾有一名名为佛陀家族的商人,以商贾职业谋生。该人于岁末时分,携同使者往来于乡村、聚落、部族、国都间从事贸易。那时世尊周围环绕着数千比丘,行走于各地,许多天人与人间的生灵,渡过轮回之苦的险难。彼时,他观见世尊端坐于水晶状、金光闪耀的须弥山形宝座之上,周围环绕广大比丘团体,内心充满欢喜,便怀敬意合掌礼拜世尊,恭敬前往,傍晚时分以食事供养世尊,虽对佛法陌生。世尊临食时却拒绝进食,于是对他说:“尊者啊,您为何傍晚时吃饭?”世尊并解释依止八种饮料,正如应时饮用无误,诸如甘露水、蜂蜜水、洛迦水、摩诃洛迦水、甘蔗水、蜜水、泥水与盐水。商人听闻此言,慷慨以千两黄金制成泥水(泥水即洁净饮用水)供养佛及比丘僧团。全僧团饮用此由尊者净手奉献的饮料,佛陀讲法,行者遂离开往乡村行商。该商人内心安详,安稳和睦地与商人同行,往返于各乡各镇,达到一处名为大沃野的地方,由于长期行商,饮用和使用各种水资源已特殊匮乏。人间众生皆缺乏饮水和赖以维命之力。该商人被口渴折磨,遍寻水源。偶然他至一水井,人们观其可怜,慈悲地招呼说:“请来这里,这井中有一点水可饮。”该商人应声前往饮用,口感如同奉献之泥水饮料一般甘美,心中静思:我今日所受佛净水的加持,信此因缘已成得遇今日。饮毕,愉快地回到处置遮盖之处,开盖饮器,使其满盈泥水。此时所见的水如神水般纯净,令其内心极生欢喜,身心振奋,高声呼喊:“诸位饮用这美妙圣水吧!”众人闻声齐聚,见水皆惊艳感动。那商人在众人中展现佛恩,朗声说道:
Jambudīpe kira pāṭaliputtanagare buddhavammo nāma vāṇijako ahosi vāṇijakakammena jīvamāno. So aparabhāge satthavāhehi saddhiṃ gāmanigamajanapada rājadhānīsu vāṇijjaṃ payojayamāno vicarati, tasmiṃ samaye bhagavānekabhikkhusahassaparivuto janapadacārikaṃ carati bahū devamanusse saṃsārakantārā uttārento. Tadā so bhagavantaṃ addasa dvattiṃsalakkhaṇānubyañjanapatimaṇḍitaṃ jalamānasuvaṇṇameruṃ viyavirocamānaṃ mahābhikkhusaṅghaparivutaṃ, disvā paramapītiyā phuṭasarīro añjaliṃ paggayha bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā sāyaṇhe bhagavantaṃ bhattena nimantesi buddhasāsane aparicitabhāvena. Athassa bhagavā vikālabhojanā paṭiviratā tathāgatāti āha. Atha so bhagavantaṃ vanditvā kiṃ bhante bhagavantā vikāle bhuñjissantīti, athassa kathaṃ paṭicca bhagavā aṭṭhavidhaṃ pānaṃ tathāgatānaṃ vikāle bhuñjituṃ kappati. Seyyathidaṃ, ambapānaṃ jambupānaṃ cocapānaṃ mocapānaṃ phārusakapānaṃ madhupānaṃ muddikapānaṃ sālūkapānanti. Taṃ sutvā vāṇijo sahasakkārārasehi muddikapānaṃ katvā buddhapamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa adāsi, sabhikkhusaṅgho satthā paribhuttapānīyaraso tassa dhammaṃ desetvā janapadacārikaṃ pakkāmi. Sopi pasannamānaso hutvā nivatto saddhiṃ vāṇijakehi tesu tesu janapadesu vāṇijjaṃ payojento mahāvattanīyaṃnāma kantāraṃ pāpuṇi, tatta tesaṃ sabbesuyeva sakaṭesu pānīyaṃ parikkhayamagamāsi. Tattha sabbamanussānaṃca balīvaddānaṃca pānīyaṃ nāhosi. Atha so vāṇijo pipāsābhibhūto tesu tesu sakaṭesu pānīyaṃ pariyesanto vicarati. Athekasmiṃ sakaṭe manussā taṃ disvā kāruññena etthāgaccha, imasmiṃ koḷambe thokaṃ pānīyaṃ atthi pivāti vadiṃsu. Ta to so gantvā pānīyaṃ pivi. Tassa taṃ rasaṃ muddikapānarasasadisaṃ ahosi, pivantova so evaṃ cintesi. Sammāsambuddhassa tadā me dinnamuddikapānassa nissando ajja sampatto bhavissatīti accherabbhutacitto somanassajāto gantvā sayameva cāṭiyā pidhānaṃ vivari. Sakalāpi sā cāṭi muddikapānena paripuṇṇā ahosi. Tato so ra sava ntaṃ ojavantaṃ aparikkhayaṃ dibbapānasadisaṃ pānīyaṃ disvā paramāya pītiyā phuṭasarīro ugghosesi sabbe pānīyaṃ pivantūti. Taṃ sutvā sabbe sannipatitvā pānīyaṃ disvā abbhutacittā jātā. Vāṇijo tesaṃ majjhe buddhānubhāvaṃ pakāsento āha.
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544诸位尊者,请观此大圣者之威神之力。
Passathedaṃ bhavanto bho, ānubhāvaṃ mahesino;
545此为不可思议、稀有奇妙,是现前亲见、超越时间之法。
Acintanīyamaccheraṃ, sandiṭṭhika makālikaṃ.
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547我以净信欢喜之心,将此饮水供养佛陀。
Pasannamanasā buddhe, dinnaṃ pānīyakaṃ mayā;
548此布施由圣者所施,今已成熟。
Vipaccati idāneva, taṃ dānaṃ munivāhasā.
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550有如滋养的乐食,清凉甘甜之水;
Ojavantaṃ sukhannaṃva, sītalaṃ madhuro dakaṃ;
551有如诸天的天饮,成为奇妙无尽者。
Dibbapānaṃva devānaṃ, jātamabbhutamakkhayaṃ.
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4.
553于持戒者中,明智之人谁又会不作布施?
Sīlavantesu ko nāma, na dadeyya vicakkhaṇo;
554于此世间与他世,布施能带来安乐,为最胜之施。
Idha loke paratteca, sukhadaṃ dāna muttamaṃ.
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5.
556随其所欲取用,请畅饮这甘甜之水。
Yathi cchitaṃ gahetvāna, pivantu madhuro dakaṃ;
557盛满器皿,让众人随心所欲地去享用。
Bhājanānica pūretvā, yantu sabbe yathicchitanti.
558众人这般交谈,犹如雄象以牙相击般欢喜踊跃,令众生生起喜悦。如此说了之后,他以葡萄汁使所有人和牛都得到满足。此后,从各处前来饮水的人们饮水不尽,水源始终不竭。那时,商人与商队首领一同经商,在返回自己城邑的途中,遇见世尊,心想:“我要去拜见”,便前往竹林,顶礼导师,得到许可后,坐在一旁。导师与同伴们一同品尝甘美的饮食。居士见到这番景象,心中大悦,顶礼之后,生起随行之心,便即刻前往,其后又详细说明了这一神变的事迹。接着,世尊为他开示法义。那人听闻法后,迎请导师到家中,供养大布施,然后才返回住处。此后,他修习布施与种种善业,命终之后生于天界,住在一座离地十二由旬的金色楼阁中,身披天衣,形相犹如天王。为显示他前世业行之因缘,到处都充盈着宝物与神变的印记。饮水之后,天众便舞蹈、奏乐、游戏。
Evañca pana vatvā sabbe manusseca balīvaddeca muddikaraseneva santappesi. Tato tato āgatāpi pānīyaṃ pivantoca pānīyaṃ akkhayaṃ ahosi. Tato vāṇijo satthavāhehi saddhiṃ vāṇijjaṃ payojetvā sakanagaraṃ āgacchanto bhagavantaṃ passitvā gamissāmīti veḷuvanaṃ gantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā katānuñño ekamante nisīdi. Satthāpi tena saddhiṃ madhurapaṭisanthāramakāsi. Upāsakopi bhante tumhākaṃ pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā pasanno vanditvā gamissāmīti āgatomhi, evañce vañca pāṭihāriyanti vitthārena kathesi. Athassa bhagavā dhammaṃ desesi. So dhammaṃ sutvāna satthāraṃ svātanāya nimantetvā mahādānaṃ datvā attano gehameva agamāsi. So tato paṭṭhāya dānādīni puññāni katvā tato cuto devaloke dvādasayojanike kanakavimāne devaccharāparivuto devissariyasamannāgato nibbatti. Tassa pubbakammapakāsanatthaṃ tattha tattha ratanabhājanesu dibbamayehi muddikapānehi paripuṇṇaṃ ahosi. Pānīyaṃ pivitvā devā naccanti vādenti kīḷantīti.
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6.
560世人不知胜者的广大精髓,便是如此。
Na vipulajinasāraṃ jānamāno janevaṃ,
561布施微如净水,便得广大之乐。
Labhati vipulabhogaṃ toyamattassa dānā;
562诸位已知三衣的诸功德,
Viditaguṇagaṇā bho tīsu vatthūsu tumhe,
563确实,向具戒者布施,能得殊胜之果。
Labhatha khalu visesaṃ sīlavantesu dānāti.
578第九则:商人布达瓦马的故事。
Buddhavammavāṇijakassa vatthuṃ navamaṃ.
564第十章 色天女因缘次第解说
10. Rūpadeviyā vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
565据说过去毗婆尸佛时代,那座城中有一位乡村少女。她在寺院中走动时,看见一位患病的比丘,心生悲悯,便上前顶礼,问道:“尊者,您所患何病?身体痛苦否?”比丘答道:“是的,贤妹,我正被重病折磨。”少女说:“尊者,我愿为您疗除此病。”于是她请比丘到家中,告知父母,获允后,又在数日内备齐了药物和饮食,比丘的病渐得减轻。此后,比丘每天更衣后入村托钵,来到少女家,停留安歇。比丘见她如此尽心,心生欢喜,便拿着布帛前来,请她就座,供养饮食。少女则奉献精美食物,细心服侍。疾病由此慢慢痊愈。第二天,那位病者没有到少女家来。少女来到寺院顶礼,又问道:“尊者今日何故不来?”比丘回答:“因为病已全好了。”少女赞叹道:“善哉!”此后,她在家中凭借这些功德,命终往生天界。在那里,她拥有一座方圆十二由旬的黄金宫殿,名为“色天女”。其后历经三尊佛陀出世的时劫,她降生于此劫的人间,成为某大婆罗门的妻子,与年轻的丈夫一同生活。丈夫每天能收割八十八捆稻谷回家。父母见色天女具足美貌,心中欢喜,便将女儿许配给他。这位女子五体充满福报,所用的米饭、所饮的甘浆,以及种种炖羹、奶酪、酥油,乃至姜椒等滋味辛烈的蘸料,即便如鼠爪拿取,也都洁净无染。她的丈夫将食物施予城中民众,众人皆来受用。此女功德不可称量,犹如日月之光。
Atīte kira vipassissa bhagavato kāle tasmiṃ nagare ekā gāmadārikā vihāre āhiṇḍantī ekaṃ gilānabhikkhuṃ disvā kampamānahadayā upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā bhante kote ābādho sarīraṃ pīḷetīti pucchi. Tenāpi bhagini kharābādho me pīḷetīti vutte sā tenahi bhante ahaṃ taṃ rogaṃ vūpasamessāmīti nimantetvā gehaṃ gantvā taṃ pavattiṃ mātāpitunnaṃ kathetvā tehi anuññātā puna divase nānaggarasena bhesajjāhāraṃ sampādesi, tato so bhikkhu punadivase cīvaraṃ pārupitvā bhikkhāya caranto tassā gehaṃ gantvā aṭṭhāsi. Sā theraṃ āgataṃ disvā somanassajātā pattaṃ gahetvā āsanaṃ paññāpetvā adāsi. Tattha nisinnaṃ taṃ āhārena sādhukaṃ parivisitvā sakkāra makāsi. Athassā saddhābalena bhuttamatteyeva so ābādho vūpasami. Tato so vūpasantarogo dutiyadivase tassā gehaṃ nā gamāsi. Atha sā vihāraṃ gantvā taṃ vanditvā kasmānāgatatthāti pucchitvā tena me bhagini byādhi vūpasami, tasmā nāgatosmīti vutte sā sādhu bhanteti somanassajātā gehameva agamāsi. Sā tena puññakammena kālaṃ katvā devaloke nibbatti. Tassā tattha dvādasayojanikaṃ kanakavimānaṃ nibbatti. Sā tattha devissariyaṃ anubhavantī chabuddhantaraṃ khepetvā amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle jambudīpe devaputtanagare udiccabrahmaṇakule jeṭṭhabrāhmaṇassa bhariyāya kucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi, sā paripāka manvāya mātukucchito nikkhami. Tassā mātukucchito nikkhantakālato paṭṭhāya divase divase aṭṭhaṭṭhanālimattaṃ taṇḍulaṃ nibbattati. Tassā rūpasampattiṃ disvā pasannā mātāpitaro rūpadevīti nāma makaṃsu. Pacchā taṃ patirūpena dārakena niyojesuṃ. Athassā taṇḍula- nālimattaṃ gahetvā pacituṃ āraddhe icchiticchitamaṃsādibyañjanañja sappinavanītadadhikhīrādigorasañca jīramaricādikaṭukabhaṇḍañca kadalipanasamadhuguḷādiupakaraṇañca bhājanāni pūretvā nibbattati, tāya hatthena gahitaṃ kiñci khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃvā pūtibhāvaṃ na gacchati, bhattukkhaliṃ gahetvā sakalanagaravāsino bhojentiyāpi ekakaṭacchumattaṃ bhattaṃ gahitaṭṭhānaṃ na paññāyati. Evaṃ aparikkhayapuññā ahosi, sakaladevaputtanagare candasuriyāva pākaṭā ahosi, atha sā pañcasatabhikkhū nimantetvā niccaṃ sakanivesaneyeva bhojeti, tadā tesaṃ antare paṭisambhidāpatto mahāsaṅgharakkhitattheronāma imissā puññānubhāvaṃ dibbacakkhunā disvā na jānāti esā atthanā pubbe katakammaṃ. Yannūnāhaṃ assā pakāseyyanti ekadivasaṃ tassā nivesane bhuñjitvā anumodanaṃ karonto jānāsi bhagini tayā pubbe katakammanti pucchi, na jānāmi bhante. Sotumicchāmīti, athassā so pubbakammaṃ pakāsento.
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1.
567九十一劫以前,
Ekanavute ito kappe,
568有位导师名为毗婆尸
Vipassīnāma nāyako;
569世间曾有一位世间唯一者
Ahosi loke lokeka,
570导师已断除诸束缚
Nāyako chinnabandhano.
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2.
572那时,你曾是那悦意村庄中的一位少女;
Tadā tasmiṃ pure ramme, āsi tvaṃ gāmadārikā;
573在精舍中漫步时,你见到了胜者的弟子。
Āhiṇḍantī vihārasmiṃ, addakkhi jinasāvakaṃ.
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575你见他身患病苦,消瘦苍白,频频喘息;
Rogāturaṃ kisaṃ paṇḍuṃ, assasantaṃ muhuṃ muhuṃ;
576一见之下,心生惊怖,便去迎请那位牟尼。
Disvāna kampitā cittā, nimantetvāna taṃ muniṃ.
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578你施与了药物与饮食,以此因缘,那位苦行者
Bhesajjañceva bhattañca, adā tvaṃ tena so yati;
579得以无病、无忧、无有灾祸。
Abyābādho anīghoca, ahosi anupaddavo.
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581于是,你以此善业,从那里命终;
Tato tvaṃ tena kammena, sukatena tato cutā;
582你生于天界,一切欲乐悉皆圆满。
Jātāsi devalokasmiṃ, sabbakāmasamiddhinī.
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6.
584那里,依你的福德威光,有宝石所成的宫殿;
Tattha te puññatejena, pāsādo ratanāmayo;
585遍布宝石之塔,楼阁华丽庄严。
Maṇithūpisatākiṇṇo, kūṭāgārehi laṅkato.
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7.
587内室数以百计,卧具床座严饰;
Nekagabbhasatākiṇṇo, sayanāsanamaṇḍito;
588成千天女云集,歌舞种种盈满。
Accharāsatasaṃkiṇṇo, naccagītādisaṃkulo.
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8.
590芭蕉、芒果树与阎浮树傍水而立,槟榔、普那伽树与帕塔利花遍开繁茂。
Rambhāmbajambusannīra, pūgapunnāgapāṭalī;
591铁力木等种种树丛掩映,庄严园林处处成片。
Nāgāditarusaṇḍehi, maṇḍituyyānapantihi.
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9.
593莲花、睡莲与迦腊罗花争妍,茉莉园圃交相辉映。
Padumuppalakaḷāra, kundakānanamaṇḍite;
594蜜蜂迷醉于花蜜,水鸟群聚在湖池。
Madhumattālipālīhi, sārasīsarasaṃkule.
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10.
596众多天子与天女,
Devaputtehi nekehi, tathā devaccharāhica;
597恒享极妙大乐,居于令心喜悦的天宫。
Niccussave mahābhoge, vimāne mananandane.
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599那时,你于天界中享有极大的声誉。
Tvamevaṃ devalokamhi, vindamānā mahāyasaṃ;
600度过漫长岁月,当乔达摩胜者般涅槃时。
Addhānaṃ vītināmetvā, nibbute gotame jine.
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12.
602如今在赡部洲,你转生于显贵的家族。
Jambudīpe idāni tvaṃ, nibbattā udite kule;
603具足福德、智慧与诸功德,形貌端正,言语和悦可亲。
Puññapaññāguṇāvāsā, rūpenaggā piyaṃvadā.
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605这天界的威德,在天神中稀有而殊胜。
Etaṃ te devalokasmiṃ, devissariyamabbhutaṃ,
606而在此世间,这一切是你的人间安乐。
Imaṃ te idha lokasmiṃ, sabbaṃ mānusikaṃ sukhaṃ.
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14.
608在毘婆尸佛的时代,你作为那位比丘,
Vipassimunino kāle, tvaṃ tassekassa bhikkhuno;
609你布施病者,这便是你所得的果报。
Adā dānaṃ gilānassa, tassa taṃ phalamīdisaṃ.
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15.
611欲求安乐者,常应修福德。
Kātabbañhi sadā puññaṃ, icchantena sukhappadaṃ;
612因此,贤善的女子啊,你应当时时于善法精勤不懈。
Tasmā tvaṃ sabbadā bhadde, ussukkā kusale bhavāti.
613如是,那位长老阐明了他过去生所造的业后,教导说:“如今你当于福德善行中不放逸。”她听闻长老的说法,心生极喜,从此便投入布施等善行,造作种种功德。凭借那份喜悦,她证得须陀洹果,成为圣弟子。
Evaṃ so tassa purimattabhāve katakammaṃ pakāsetvā idāni puññakamme appamādā bhavāti anusāsi. Sā therassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paramasomanassā tato paṭṭhāya dānādīsu niratā puññāni karontī teneva somanassena sotāpannā ariyasāvikā ahosīti.
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16.
615如是,这便是年轻女子于诸功德业中的精要,
Iti taruṇakumārī puññakammesu sāraṃ,
616未了知比丘功德之量而施与的布施;
Aviditaguṇamattā datva bhikkhussa dānaṃ;
617能为天界与人间带来安乐者,正是诸位啊!
Divimanujasukhaṃ sālattha tumhe bhavantā,
618了知善行果报者,岂会不证得寂静?
Viditakusalapākā kiṃ na labbhetha santiṃ.
634第十则:鲁巴德维的故事。
Rūpadeviyā vatthuṃ dasamaṃ.
635第一品:好法者品。
Dhammasoṇḍakavaggo pathamo.