义注(抄本)
礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa
1注疏
Aṭṭhakathā
2结集的问答
Saṃgāyanassa pucchā-vissajjanā
3即便天地诸天众生,来到此处欲加害我;
Sadevakopi ce loko, āgantvā tāsayeyya maṃ;
4我亦无力畏惧,生出恐怖而退缩。
Na me paṭibalo assa, janetuṃ bhayabheravaṃ.
5就算你能够穿越整个大地,包括大海与高山,
Sacepi tvaṃ mahiṃ sabbaṃ, sasamuddaṃ sapabbataṃ;
6乘坐那巨龙一跃而起,也必将陨灭于我之手;
Ukkhipitvā mahānāga, khipeyyāsi mamūpari;
7你绝无能耐生出恐惧而逃避我;
Neva me sakkuṇeyyāsi, janetuṃ bhayabheravaṃ;
8这恐怖与破坏,只会落到你这条大蛇首领身上。
Aññadatthu tavevassa, vighāto uragādhipa.
9现在不要生起愤怒,要像从前一样远离愤怒,向上升起。
Mā dāni kodhaṃ janayittha, ito uddhaṃ yathā pure;
10也不要轻视打骂,因为人们都愿求安乐。
Sassaghātañca mākattha, sukhakāmā hi pāṇino;
11应当对众生行慈爱,使人们生活安乐。
Karotha mettaṃ sattesu, vasantu manujā sukhaṃ.
1比丘们,四种恶趣中,强烈剧烈痛苦的称呼就是『这四大』。
Cattāro āsīvisā uggatejā ghoravisāti kho bhikkhave catunnetaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
2比丘们,所谓五种杀害障碍,就是五种取蕴的称呼。
Pañca vadhakā paccatthikāti kho bhikkhave pañcannetaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
3第六种内行杀害者,称为『起憾恨』,这是对『欢喜贪爱』的称呼。
Chaṭṭho antaracaro vadhako ukkhittāsikoti kho bhikkhave nandīrāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
4“空村”者,尊者,乃内在根处所遮蔽之谓。
Suñño gāmoti kho bhikkhave channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
5盗贼杀人者,尊者,乃外在根处所遮蔽之谓。
Corā gāmaghātakāti kho bhikkhave channetaṃ bāhirānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
6大洪水者,尊者,乃四种洪流之统称。
Mahāudakaṇṇavo kho bhikkhave catunnetaṃ oghānaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
7此岸彼岸,震动怖畏者,尊者,为色身之所遮蔽之谓。
Orimaṃ tīraṃ sāsaṅkaṃ sappaṭibhayanti kho bhikkhave sakkāyassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
8彼岸安稳,少有怖惧者,尊者,为涅槃之所遮蔽之谓。
Pārimaṃ tīraṃ khemaṃ appaṭibhayanti kho bhikkhave nibbānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
9勤勇用功者,为此谓之。
Vīriyārambhassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
21当时到达迦尸国境内,正处于盛夏季节的中暮时分;
Gantvā kasmīragandhāraṃ, isi majjhantikā tadā;
22他使恶龙安住后,解除多种束缚。
Duṭṭhaṃ nāgaṃ pasādetvā, mocesi bandhanā bahū.
10世尊又说:尊者,若以后还有这样的现象,我们当再来观察。
Punapi bhante dakkhemu saṅgati ce bhavissati.
24如今这花环满是花朵,在园中结成花串;
Ajjāpi santānamayaṃ, mālaṃ ganthenti nandane;
25这就叫做迅疾的天子天人,他为我献上这花环。
Devaputto javo nāma, yo me mālaṃ paṭicchati.
26他虽仅是短促一瞬,但在这里却积聚了十六个雨季。
Muhuttoviya so dibbo, idha vassāni soḷasa;
27昼夜交替,天与人各自轮转,犹如百鸟齐飞的景象。
Rattindivo ca so dibbo, mānusiṃ sarado sataṃ.
28由此众多业力随之流转,生生世世如数不尽的生命接续而来;
Iti kammāni anventi, asaṅkheyyāpi jātiyo;
29无论是善业还是恶业,业本身从不灭失。
Kalyāṇaṃ yadi vā pāpaṃ, na hi kammaṃ vinassati.
30若有人愿意一再投生于世,
Yo icche puriso hotuṃ, jāti jāti punappunaṃ;
31应当像斩断污秽之脚印般断绝外诱之缘。
Paradāraṃ vivajjeyya, dhotapādova kaddamaṃ.
32有这样愿望的人,愿意一再生于世间;
Yā icche puriso hotuṃ, jāti jāti punappunaṃ;
33应该尊敬主人,如同尊敬侍从般恭敬。
Sāmikaṃ apacāyeyya, indaṃva paricārikā.
34若欲得天上享受、天寿、荣誉与安乐,
Yo icche dibbabhogañca, dibbamāyuṃ yasaṃ sukhaṃ;
35应当远离恶行,奉行三种善法。
Pāpāni parivajjetvā, tividhaṃ dhammamācare.
11比丘啊,凡是对天神、世间侍神、梵天、沙门、婆罗门及众生、天人皆见闻而亲历、听闻而理解、觉知探求、思虑考察之事,我皆知晓,亦曾具足通达,如来亦已了知,却不亲临呵护。
Yaṃ bhikkhave sadevakassa lokassa samārakassa sabrahmakassa sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā, tamahaṃ jānāmi tamahaṃ abhiññāsiṃ, taṃ tathāgatassa viditaṃ, taṃ tathāgato na upaṭṭhāti.
12比丘啊,如是见闻而已觉知之法,我说尔等未曾有他法高胜或优胜。
Iti kho bhikkhave tathāgato diṭṭhasutamutaviññātabbesu dhammesu tādīyeva tādī, tumhā ca pana tādimhā añño tādī uttaritaro vā paṇītataro vā natthīti vadāmi.
38往黄金之地,至北方富饶之地;
Suvaṇṇabhūmiṃ gantvāna, soṇuttarā mahiddhikā;
39恶鬼被镇压后,持戒戒律网而消灭罪恶。
Pisāce niddhametvāna, brahmajālamadesisuṃ.
40我们这些沙门,尊奉伟大君王,即法王的弟子;
Samaṇā mayaṃ mahārāja, dhammarājassa sāvakā;
41唯由于您的慈悲,吉蔑洲的众生得此教化。
Taveva anukampāya, jambudīpā idhāgatā.
42我皈依佛、法、僧三宝,作为依止;
Ahaṃ buddhañca dhammañca, saṅghañca saraṇaṃ gato,
43依佛陀释迦族子之教法,我宣说皈依者的道理。
Upāsakattaṃ desesiṃ, sakyaputtassa sāsane.
13当时,世尊佛陀安住于维拉摈扎村,水柳树下,名曰咤婆枳木根处。
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā verañjāyaṃ viharati naḷerupuci mandamūle.
45天界升迁之阶梯,若无人具足等同的清净戒律,又何由得以攀登?
Saggārohaṇasopāṇaṃ , aññaṃ sīlasamaṃ kuto;
46涅槃则是城门,进入此城门乃可进入涅槃境界。
Dvāraṃ vā pana nibbāna, nagarassa pavesane.
47实不足以作善行——施予适当的布施,恰如其分地行施才是适当之道;
Alameva kātuṃ kalyāṇaṃ, dānaṃ dātuṃ yathārahaṃ;
48若目睹他人执持贪欲之物,谁还能造作真正的功德?
Pāṇiṃ kāmadadaṃ disvā, ko puññaṃ nakarissati.
49他人供给的食物饮水、衣物、住所与坐具,皆为方便持戒之资;
Dassāmannañca pānañca, vatthasenāsanāni ca;
50扰乱纷纷离合之事,险恶危险的出入境遇,应当远离遮避。
Papañca udapānañca, dugge saṅkamanāni ca.
51大注疏与大后注同此,
Mahāaṭṭhakathañceva , mahāpaccarimevaca;
52又有库伦地至三师集的锡兰注疏,
Kurundiñcāti tissopi, sīhaḷaṭṭhakathā imā;
53此名为佛友者,意指清净有威名者;
Buddhamittoti nāmena, visutassa yasassino;
54听闻律藏中睿智长老之所讲解,
Vinayaññussa dhīrassa, sutvā therassa santike.
55于纷乱扰动的世间,此处无扰,
Upaddavākule loke, nirupaddavato ayaṃ;
56仅以简明言说,如此已然完备传授。
Ekasaṃvacchareneva, yathā niṭṭhaṃ upāgatā;
57如此,诸法之中,法已究竟周全;
Evaṃ sabbassa lokassa, niṭṭhaṃ dhammūpasaṃhitā;
58望诸善法迅速成长,皆无一切患难纷扰。
Sīghaṃ gacchantu ārambhā, sabbepi nirupaddavā.
59此法久驻不退,正缘有我为行持,
Ciraṭṭhitatthaṃ dhammassa, karontena mayā imaṃ;
60以信仰正法庄严,及集善行福德;
Saddhammabahumānena, yañca puññaṃ samācitaṃ;
61诸人皆能亲证,遍及一切有情,
Sabbassa ānubhāvena, tassa sabbepi pāṇino;
62但愿众人于正法之王,常乐奉事不懈怠。
Bhavantu dhammarājassa, saddhammarasasevino.
63愿正法长久常存,长久如雨季之雨降临众生;
Ciraṃ tiṭṭhatu saddhammo, kāle vassaṃ ciraṃ pajaṃ;
64愿天神勉励依正法而行,愿国王守护这大地;
Tappetu devo dhammena, rājā rakkhatu mediniṃ.
65愿正法如是长存世间,令世界得以超越轮回;
Tāva tiṭṭhatu lokasmiṃ, lokanittharaṇesinaṃ;
66令世间贵族之子弟,依正法持守清净戒行;
Dassentī kulaputtānaṃ, nayaṃ sīlavisuddhiyā;
67乃至如来之名声,及其清净的心意恒存;
Yāva buddhoti nāmampi, suddhacittassa tādino;
68世间至尊之王的法门,永远弘行于世间。
Lokamhi lokajeṭṭhassa, pavattati mahesino.
69以悲悯为根本、以凉洁的心怀,破除无明的灯火之明;
Karuṇāsītalahadayaṃ , paññāpajjotavihatamohatamaṃ;
70我礼敬那善逝者,即已得解脱的无上行者;
Sanarāmaralokagaruṃ, vande sugataṃ gativimuttaṃ.
71即使是觉者身为觉者的本质,既修持又证得真实;
Buddhopi buddhabhāvaṃ, bhāvetvā ceva sacchikatvāca;
72我礼敬那已除去一切污垢、超越殊胜之法;
Yaṃ upagato gatamalaṃ, vande tamanuttaraṃ dhammaṃ.
73为护持善逝者的传承,护卫儿子们抵御魔王侵袭;
Sugatassa orasānaṃ, puttānaṃ mārasenamathanānaṃ;
74我礼敬八种大众,顶礼此圣僧团的首领。
Aṭṭhannampi samūhaṃ, sirasā vande ariyasaṅghaṃ.
75此为长久深长经文意念,且学识精熟且承传流布极著之者;
Dīghassa dīghasuttaṅkitassa, nipuṇassa āgamavarassa;
76为称扬觉者与同觉者,具足信解及德行之者。
Buddhānubuddhasaṃvaṇṇitassa, saddhāvahaguṇassa.
14确由正自觉者亲自示现,三藏经文内容与解释悉皆明确,具备遍及之教理,此称为普遍教法;由此经集及讲述,故称为弟子所依之导师所说。
Sammāsambuddheneva hi tiṇṇampi piṭakānaṃ atthavaṇṇanākkamo bhāsito, yāpakiṇṇakadesanāti vuccati, tato saṃgāyanādivasena sāvakehīti ācariyā vadanti.
78为了阐明义理,注疏起始于诸长老集会之处;
Atthappakāsanatthaṃ, aṭṭhakathā ādito vasisatehi;
79有五种称赞和赞美语,先所称赞者及后续附加称赞者均是。
Pañcahi yāsaṅgītā, anusaṅgītā ca pacchāpi.
80其中间为清净之道,此乃四部经典中之一教义。
Majjhe visuddhimaggā, esa catunnampi āgamānañhi;
81阐明揭示,如同所说义理般,明了无误;
Ṭhatvā pakāsayissati, tattha yathā bhāsitamatthaṃ;
82正因为如此,释义者持此放心,安心采纳;
Icceva kato tasmā, tampi gahetvāna saddhimetāya;
83务求深知注疏之义,着眼经文长远涵义;
Aṭṭhakathāya vijānātha, dīghāgamanissitaṃ atthaṃ.
84指示义理,清晰精确,谛听且详尽讲解;
Atthānaṃ sūcanato, suvuttato savanatothasūdanato,
85依经文及同会之说,是谓宣说〔经文〕;
Suttāṇā suttasabhāgatoca, suttanti akkhātaṃ.
86虽难理解且微妙复杂,唯愿所欲皆得契合。
Sududdasaṃ sunipuṇaṃ, yatthakāmanipātinaṃ;
87智慧者应当护持心念,心念隐秘而能带来安乐。
Cittaṃ rakkhetha medhāvī, cittaṃ guttaṃ sukhāvahaṃ.
15如此安住心念者,心净明洁,清净无垢,无淫欲,离诸污染,心柔顺如意,安然不动,如实观察法相,心作意领受这觉知,称为心的‘使领’与‘被领’。
So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite ānañjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti –
16比丘们,应当如实说道:‘以正语如实宣说者,即是在各方受魔所缠绕。’或说:‘正直如实宣说者,如同被母族集体所围绕。’
Yaṃhitaṃ bhikkhave sammāvadamāne vadeyya samantapāso mārassāti, mātugāmaṃyeva sammā vadamāno vadeyya samantapāso mārassāti.
17比丘若在白天行走与坐卧间,用所应具的法门清净心念,
Yo bhikkhu divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya ca āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodhetvā.
18如此依心的行为、气息、元素及变化,此乃身意相应而成的八重和合聚合而发起。
Iti cittakiriyavāyodhātuvipphāravasena ayaṃ kāyasammato aṭṭhisaṅghāto abhikkamati.
92慈悲于众生,如同至上圣者智慧。
Karuṇā viya sattesu, paññā yassa mahesino;
93在所有应当被教诲的法中,按其本性自然发生的法,
Ñeyyadhammesu sabbesu, pavattittha yathāruci.
94对于这十种杂染存在,心意被搅乱,
Dasāya tāya sattesu, samussāhitamānaso;
95就如一艘小舟在风暴中漂泊,停泊于雨季的比丘林,
Pāṭihīrāvasānamhi, vasanto tidasālaye;
96在遮蔽之处的根基上,被称为青蛙毡的地方,
Pāricchattakamūlamhi, paṇḍukambalanāmake;
97端坐于石座之上,犹如初生犀牛角一般坚固,
Silāsane sannisinno, ādiccova yugandhare.
98与千轮法界相应而起,完全包围了这十种法。
Cakkavāḷasahassehi, dasāhāgamma sabbaso;
99众神聚集在此,围绕成群;
Sannisinnena devānaṃ, gaṇena parivārito;
100以智慧与威德领首其母;
Mātaraṃ pamukhaṃ katvā, tassā paññāya tejasā;
101向众神宣说了阿毗达摩的教法之道。
Abhidhammakathāmaggaṃ, devānaṃ sampavattayi.
102顶礼其足,礼敬那位庄严的觉者;
Tassa pāde namassitvā, sambuddhassa sirīmato;
103恭敬正法,并合掌敬礼僧团。
Saddhammañcassa pūjetvā, katvā saṅghassa cañjaliṃ.
104那位诸佛之佛,在教化引领众神之后;
Yaṃ devadevo devānaṃ, desetvā nayato puna;
105长老舍利弗,正当作律仪的领导者。
Therassa sāriputtassa, samācikkhi vināyako.
106经历过黑夜的熬煎,致力侍奉尊长;
Anotattadahe katvā, upaṭṭhānaṃ mahesino;
107那长老听闻之后,遍访大地搜集诸法。
Yañca sutvāna so thero, āharitvā mahītalaṃ.
108度脱比丘众生的干渴,因而被比丘们尊敬;
Bhikkhūnaṃ parirudāhāsi, iti bhikkhūhi dhārito;
109在诵经时节他如歌者那般演唱,复述憍萨罗圣人之教义。
Saṅgītikāle saṃṅgīto, vedehamuninā puna.
110你所为之作,如同于梵为施,与天人魔众平等无异;
Yaṃ karomasi brahmuno, samaṃ devehi mārisa;
111现在我将向汝等宣说,且等共修一法。
Tadajja tuyhaṃ kassāma, handa sāmaṃ karoma te.
112我将揭示其义,连同经集之注释亦然;
Atthaṃ pakāsayissāmi, āgamaṭṭhakathāsupi;
113当执着于所取之义,明智喜悦加赞赏。
Gahetabbaṃ gahetvāna, tosayanto vicakkhaṇe.
114此为诸论说者之言,谓此即名法义之说;
Itime bhāsamānassa, abhidhammakathaṃ imaṃ;
115不离散专注而住,此语甚难易得解。
Avikkhittā nisāmetha, dullabhāhiayaṃkathā.
19如是诸恶不善法,于无余断而灭尽。
Etthete pāpakā akusalā dhammā aparisesā nirujjhanti.
20眼根啊,依赖色缘,生起眼识;三者相续,成就触。因触生受;受者乃由识取闻。能认识者,乃于所识起念头;起念头者,生散乱取境心态;生散乱者,据此缘起男子内心以此散乱分别观念,遍行于过去、未来及当前生起眼识所能分别的色境。
Cakkhuṃ cāvuso paṭicca rūpeca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā, yaṃ vedeti, taṃ sañjānāti. Yaṃ sañjānāti, taṃ vitakketi, yaṃ vitakketi, taṃ papañceti, yaṃ papañceti, tato nidānaṃ purisaṃ papañcasaññāsaṅkhā samudācaranti atītānāgatapaccuppannesu cakkhuviññeyyasu rūpesu –
21过去,尊者们,由无明不被彻知。
Purimā bhikkhave koṭi na paññāyati avijjāya.
119此义甚深甚难觉悟,
Attheva gambhīragataṃ sudubbudhaṃ,
120须自以神通智慧,得其相应内在根机,
Sayaṃ abhiññāya sahetusambhavaṃ;
121如次第渐次开示,于一切法中昭示,
Yathānupubbaṃ nikhilena desitaṃ,
122智者似魔王,通达一切色相。
Mahesinā rūpagataṃva passati.
22心生起时,起发意念欲下降与意念欲上升,遂使色相产生。
Abhikkamissāmi paṭikkamissāmīti hi cittaṃ uppajjamānaṃ rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti.
124非出于天空之中,也非在大海之内,
Na antalikkhena na samuddamajjhe,
125非入于山岳之穴,
Na pabbatānaṃ vivaraṃ pavissa;
126彼处无有世间所在之地,
Na vijjate so jagatippadeso,
127居于何方者,能断除恶业而得解脱。
Yatthaṭṭhito mucceyya pāpakammā.
128其所得为善业,凭依身口之感受而成。
Yaṃ pattaṃ kusalaṃ tassa, ānubhāvena pāṇino;
129一切善法之王者,了知此法乃带来安乐者;
Sabbe saddhammarājassa, ñatvā dhammaṃ sukhāvahaṃ;
130愿诸行皆清净,为安乐之行所成就;
Pāpuṇantu visuddhāya, sukhāya paṭipattiyā;
131愿无忧愁之最上涅槃之乐,得以成就随缘;
Asokamanupāyāsaṃ, nibbānasukhamuttamaṃ.
132愿正法长久住世,法中具足庄严;
Ciraṃ tiṭṭhatu saddhammo, dhamme hontu sagāravā;
133愿诸众生皆于时节,得遇正觉如天神所护;
Sabbepi sattā kālena, sammā devo pavassatu;
134如同昔日诸王守护其国,天帝亦护持此法。
Yathā rakkhiṃsu porāṇā, surājāno tathevimaṃ;
135愿国王以法调护自身与百姓,犹如保护自身子女一般。
Rājā rakkhatu dhammena, attanova pajaṃpajaṃ.
136愿世间云云安住,为了令众生得以超越世间苦难;
Tāva tiṭṭhatu lokasmiṃ, lokanittharaṇesinaṃ;
137愿以智慧净化,指示诸贵族儿子得见正道;
Dassentī kulaputtānaṃ, nayaṃ paññāvisuddhiyā;
138乃至世尊之名,归属于心清净者;
Yāva buddhoti nāmampi, suddhacittassa tādino;
139在世间之中,为世间至尊者佛陀所导引弘法广行。
Lokamhi lokajeṭṭhassa, pavattati mahesino.
140第二次集会
Dutiyasannipāta
141《大本经》注疏
Mahāpadānasutta aṭṭhakathā
23问:阿阇世,第一品集之八种讲述、长部之戒蕴分辑述、阿毗达摩之法集述说,共由六位上座法师同诵。如今第二品集在长部中大品分辑述已完成,剩余诸品分辑述之详细诵述尚未具足。因此,对于此第二集诵,依前因缘绪绪、依实得成已者,如实起释大品分集中大本经之诘难应答,为始。至于大本经,阿阇世,已在缘起『胡蜂窝』品中阐明其义,开示此经教义之详细方法如何为注疏老师所说者。
Pucchā – aṭṭhakathā saṃgītiyā āvuso paṭhame sannipāte sakalā ca vinayasaṃvaṇṇanā dīghanikāye ca sīlakkhandhavaggavaṇṇanā abhidhamme ca dhammasaṅgahasaṃvaṇṇanā saṃgītā therehi chaṭṭhasaṃgītikārehi. Idāni pana dutiye sannipāte dīghanikāye mahāvaggavaṇṇanāto paṭṭhāya tadavasesānaṃ yathāvavatthitasaṃvaṇṇanānaṃ saṃgāyanokāso anuppatto. Tasmā imissā dutiyasannipātasaṃgītiyā pubbakiccavasena yathānuppattāya mahāvagge mahāpadānasuttasaṃvaṇṇanāya pucchāvissajjanaṃ kātuṃ samārabhāma. Mahāpadānasuttassa āvuso nidāne pariyāpannassa ‘‘karerikuṭikāya’’ntipadassa attho kathaṃ aṭṭhakathācariyena kathito.
24『柯勒梨窟底迦』——此语出自尊者《大本生经》之缘起部分,谓『柯勒梨窟底迦』为『柯勒梨』之意。柯勒梨者,名为『洒隆树』。洒隆树之茂密处,有一窟所立于门,其名曰『柯勒梨窟底迦』。如同在『苦桑树』门立者称『苦桑窟底迦』,此义乃尊者《注疏师》所说。
Vissajjanā – mahāpadānasuttassa bhante nidāne pariyāpannassa karerikuṭikāyantipadassa attho ‘‘karerikuṭikāya’’nti karerīti varuṇarukkhassa nāmaṃ. Karerimaṇḍapo tassā kuṭikāya dvāre ṭhito, tasmā karerikuṭikāti vuccati. Yathā kosambarukkhassa dvāreṭhitattā kosambakuṭikāti evamādinā bhante aṭṭhakathācariyena kathito.
25『柯勒梨窟底迦』者,即谓洒隆树之名也。
Karerikuṭikāyanti karerīti varuṇarukkhassa nāmaṃ.
26洒隆树之茂密处有一窟,立于门处,故名为『柯勒梨窟底迦』。如同苦桑树于其门立者,称为『苦桑窟底迦』。
Karerimaṇḍapo tassā kuṭikāya dvāre ṭhito, tasmā karerikuṭikāti vuccati. Yathā kosambarukkhassa dvāre ṭhitattā ekāsambakuṭikāti.
27据传在安陀杰林中,有所谓『柯勒梨窟』、『苦桑窟』、『芳香窟』、『莎拉琐屋』四大房舍。
Antojetavane kira karerikuṭi kosambakuṭi gandhakuṭi salaḷāgāranti cattāri mahāgehāni –
28各以百千人等供养所成。
Ekekaṃ satasahassapariccāgena nipphannaṃ.
29其中莎拉琐屋,为王舍城王帕谢纳迪所建。
Tesu salaḷāgāraṃ raññā pasenadinā kāritaṃ.
149宿住
Pubbenivāsa
30问曰——尊者,在此缘起缘故中,前行住处相应的法义生起之句,其义如何由注疏师资详细说明?
Pucchā – tattheva āvuso nidāne pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā dhammīkathā udapādītivacanassa attho kathaṃ aṭṭhakathācariyena kathito.
31答曰——尊者,此处缘起缘故中,前行住处相应的法义生起之语,所谓前行住处相应,是指一切只生一生或生两生的法,依前行住处俱足相续的法身聚合而相应结合发生。法者,即为法所相应而生。生起者,谓哉,惊奇于十力具足生产前行住处觉知。所谓前行住处,其所依者或通过记忆,或不依记忆。依记忆者,是指声闻、缘觉及如来三者皆能记忆。何种记忆?谓诸高明业报者,亦于四十四劫中记忆,然不超越此限,如此等义,尊者,注疏师资皆如是说。
Vissajjanā – tattheva bhante nidāne pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā dhammīkathā udapādīti vacanassa attho pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttāti ekampijātiṃ dvepi jātiyoti evaṃ nibaddhena pubbenivuṭṭhakhandhasantānasaṅkhātena pubbenivāsena saddhiṃ yojetvā pavattitā. Dhammīti dhammasaṃyuttā. Udapādīti aho acchariyaṃ dasabalassa pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ. Pubbenivāsaṃ nāma ke anussaranti ke nānussarantīti diṭṭhiyā anussaranti, sāvakā sa paccekabuddhā ca buddhā ca anussaranti. Kataradiṭṭhiyo anussaranti. Ye aggapattā kammavādino tepi cattālīsaṃyeva kappe anussaranti, na tato paranti evamādinā bhante aṭṭhakathācariyena kathito.
32所谓前行住处相应,即一生、两生之类相连结,以前行住处的法身聚合连续相应而起。
Pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttāti ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyoti evaṃ nibaddhena pubbenivuṭṭhakhandhasantānasaṅkhātena pubbenivāsena saddhiṃ yojetvā pavattitā.
153劫分限章
Kappaparicchedavāra
33问曰——尊者,在那《大本生经》说示文中,乃至九个章节的开头,第一劫章节首句中之“善劫”一词,其义怎样由注疏师资解说?
Pucchā – tasmiṃ āvuso mahāpadānasutte uddesavāre navasu paricchedavāresu paṭhame kappaparicchedavāre bhaddakappeti padassa attho aṭṭhakathācariyena kathaṃ kathito.
34答曰——尊者,于那《大本生经》说示文中,九节章节第一劫章节首句“善劫”一词之义,因五佛出世的壮美劫称为善劫,意为美好劫。佛陀对此劫称赞,谓吾辈曾于这一劫出世过五佛,如此等义,尊者,注疏师资皆说如此。
Vissajjanā – tasmiṃ bhante mahāpadānasutte uddesavāre navasu paricchedavāresu paṭhame kappaparicchedavāre bhaddakappeti padassa attho bhaddakappeti pañcabuddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitattā sundarakappe sārakappeti bhagavā imaṃ kappaṃ thomento evamāha. Yato paṭṭhāya kira amhākaṃ bhagavā abhinīhāro kato, ekasmiṃ antare ekasmimpi kappe pañcabuddhā nibbattā nāma natthīti evamādinā bhante aṭṭhakathācariyena kathito.
35尊比丘!当世尊之先,三十二劫之前,所谓比婆师佛——
Vipassissa bhikkhave bhagavato ito so bhikkhave chanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi –
36『以坚定的信念』为根本,『五佛显现』为缘起,世尊称此劫为美劫;称为殊劫。世尊即对这劫如是称说:
Saddakappeti pañcabuddhuppādapaṭimaṇḍitattā sundarakappe sārakappeti bhagavā imaṃ kappaṃ thomento evamāha –
37『假使以我们所遭遇世尊的降诞为起点来计算,在此劫之间,没有任何一劫出现五佛同时现起』。
‘‘Yato paṭṭhāya kira amhākaṃ bhagavatābhinīhāro kato, etasmiṃ antare ekasmimpi kappe pañcabuddhā nibbattā nāma natthi’’ –
159寿量分限章
Āyuparicchedavāra
38问曰:『尊者,关于第四劫中的寿命区分,何以有短寿与较长寿的区别?此中「短」字的意义,阿阇梨注疏如何解释?』
Pucchā – catutthe panāvuso āyuparicchedavāre appaṃ vā bhiyyoti etesaṃ padānaṃ attho kathaṃ aṭṭhakathācariyena kathito.
39答曰:『尊者,关于第四劫中的寿命短与较长短的区别,其义为:「短或较长,指寿命或在百年以下,或超过百年而生活二十年、三十年、四十年、五十年、六十年」。长寿者极为稀有,因其寿命恰如是而长久生活。此处应逐段细看领会。」尊者,当时即依此理,教授如是。
Vissajjanā – catutthe pana bhante āyuparicchedavāre appaṃ vā bhiyyoti etesaṃ padānaṃ attho ‘‘appaṃ vā bhiyyoti vassasatato vā upari appaṃ, aññaṃ vassasataṃ apatvā vīsaṃ vā tiṃsaṃ vā cattālīsaṃ vā paṇṇāsaṃ vā saṭṭhi vā vassāni jīvati. Evaṃ dīghāyuko pana atidullabho, asuko kira evaṃ ciraṃ jīvatīti tattha tattha gantvā daṭṭhabbo hotī’’ti evamādinā bhante tattha aṭṭhakathācariyena kathito.
40比丘们,论及此时,所谓短寿的寿命尺度范围较小;寿命虽短,却可长久;所谓长寿者,寿命达到一百年、或数十年而住世。
Mayhaṃ bhikkhave etarahi appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ yo ciraṃ jīvati so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo.
41所谓『短或较长』,是指寿命在超过一百年或者不足一百年的状态;且寿命可达二十年、三十年、四十年、五十年、六十年六十年不等。
Appaṃ vā bhiyyoti vassasatato vā upari appaṃ, ayyaṃ vassasataṃ apatvā vīsaṃ vā tiṃsaṃ vā cattālīsaṃvā vā paṇṇāsaṃ vā saṭṭhi vā vassāni jīvati–
164侍者分限章
Upaṭṭhākaparicchedavāra
42问曰——在第八节中,关于侍者章节,于阿难多品位上,如何被注疏老师所阐述?
Pucchā – aṭṭhame panāvuso upaṭṭhākaparicchedavāre ānandotipade kathaṃ aṭṭhakathācariyena vaṇṇito.
43释曰——在第八节,尊者,侍者章节中,对阿难的名字所蕴含的侍者本质,依此而作说明,尊者是如此被注疏老师解说的。
Vissajjanā – aṭṭhame pana bhante upaṭṭhākaparicchede pana ānandoti nibaddhupaṭṭhākabhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttanti evamādinā bhante aṭṭhakathācariyena vaṇṇito.
44比丘们,我这里说的阿难,是作为比丘中的侍者,且担任首席侍者的存在——
Mayhaṃ bhikkhave etarahi ānando nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko–
45世尊最初觉悟时,侍者尚未具备完整连贯的侍奉状态。
Bhagavatohi paṭhamabodhiyaṃ anibaddhā upaṭṭhākā ahesuṃ.
46有一日,持衣服如龙王般整洁在外游行。
Ekadā nāgasamālo pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā vicari.
47正因缘于此,我以符印作标记以防止其外泄。
Idameva te kāraṇaṃ sallakkhetvā nivārayimha.
48有些比丘听说遵循此道而行,实际上却依他人之说而行。
Ekacce bhikkhū iminā maggena gacchāmāti vutte aññena gacchanti.
49阿难啊,起来吧,朋友阿难,起来吧,朋友阿难。
Uṭṭhehi āvuso ānanda, uṭṭhehi āvuso ānanda.
50阿难啊,你在这里看见什么危险?
Kaṃ panettha ānanda ādīnavaṃ passasi.
51阿难啊,你在这里看见什么因缘?
Kaṃ panettha ānanda ānisaṃsaṃ passasi.
175等持蕴者无比,觉悟圆满者至胜;
Samavattakkhandho atulo, suppabuddho ca uttaro;
176七载之主横扫强敌,拉胡喇成为第七。
Sattavāho vijitaseno, rāhulo bhavati sattamo –
177诸欲净满,心念清净,随顺良善;
Sutanā sabbakāmāca, sucittā atha rocinī;
178趣向欢喜,柔和愉悦,成为第七种宝珠。
Rucaggatī sunandāca, bimbā bhavati sattamā.
179轮回多生,奔走无尽;
Anekajātisaṃsāraṃ , sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ;
180寻找家奴,苦苦经历生死再三;
Gahakāraṃ gavesanto, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ;
181见到主人后,却不愿复归家中。
Gahakāraka diṭṭhosi, puna gehaṃ na kāhasi.
182你所有的脆弱裂片,破坏了房屋的屋顶;
Sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhataṃ;
183离诸行而生之心,即于渴爱之灭而居中。
Visaṅkhāragataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā.
184如无毒水中之火焰,亦如世间之火。
Ayoghanahatasseva , jalato jātavedaso;
185若未渐次平息者,其去向未为所知,犹如不明去处。
Anupubbūpasantassa, yathā na ñāñate gati;
186正如如此,真正得解脱者,断灭爱欲之苦。
Evaṃ sammāvimuttānaṃ, kāmabandhoghatārinaṃ;
187无所依止者无去路,已得者者安住不动之乐。
Paññāpetuṃ gati natthi, pattānaṃ acalaṃ sukhaṃ.
52然世尊非表面柔善之辈,亦非佩珠宝之人。
Na pana bhagavā milakkhusadiso hoti nāpi āmuttamaṇikuṇḍalo.
53他们只是观察自己内心的同一安住处。
Te pana attano samānasaṇṭhānameva passanti.
54阿难啊,如来、帝释或尊贵者,并非像那样被重视、被尊敬、被崇拜或被轻慢。
Na kho ānanda ettāvatā tathāgato sakkato vā hoti garukato vā mānito vā pūjito vā apacito vā.
55那么,世尊为何会取一朵细小的嫩花,作为对佛陀品德的礼敬,请示教法,并以佛陀的智慧不间断地论述果报?
Kasmā pana bhagavā aññattha ekaṃ umāpupphamattampi gahetvā buddha guṇe āvajjetvā katāya pūjāya buddhañāṇenāpi aparicchinnaṃ vipākaṃ vaṇṇetvā–
56阿难啊,若有人比丘、比丘尼、近事男或近事女,依教随顺修行,持守正法,行法合宜,便是尊敬如来,重视如来,敬奉如来,不轻慢如来,最终得至极高者。
Yo kho ānanda bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā upāsako vā upāsikā vā dhammānudhammappaṭipanno viharati sāmīcippaṭipanno anudhammacārī so tathā gataṃ sakkaroti garukaroti māneti pūjeti apaciyati paramāya –
57阿难啊,愿你成为这般——认知过去世已成圣者的说法;世间无其他导师。
Siyā kho panānanda tumhākaṃ evamassa ‘atītasatthukaṃ pāvacanaṃ, natthi no satthā’ti.
58阿难啊,你不应仅此而见。
Na kho panetaṃ ānanda evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.
59法已宣说,戒律亦已宣说,这两者都已确定。
Dhammopi desito ceva paññattoca, vinayopi desito ceva paññatto ca–
60据说,摩揭陀国王未生怨,是王子,世尊即在拘尸那城涅槃。
Assosi kho rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto bhagavā kira kusinārāyaṃ parinibbutoti.
61于名义上说,导师已涅槃,已无法再来。我们众生中无有像王者般的信仰,若有人依此规则聆听,必能感受其心的成就。国王应对我们加以保护。
Satthā nāma parinibbuto, na so sakkā puna āharituṃ, pothujjanikasaddhāya pana amhākaṃ raññā sadiso natthi, sace esa imināva niyāmena suṇissati, hadayamassa phalissati. Rājā kho pana amhehi anurakkhitabboti.
62天人曾梦见我们,因你们心怀敌意,在山林中安置刺蓬,如同刺鼻之物一般令人痛苦,如此将堕入四恶趣。
Deva amhehi supinako diṭṭho, tassa paṭighātatthaṃ tumhehi dukūladupaṭṭaṃ nivāsetvā yathā nāsāpuṭamattaṃ paññāyati, evaṃ catumadhuradoṇiyā nipajjituṃ vaṭṭatīti.
63天人既不死且长寿,护卫此佛塔与功德地,世尊即是那位住于拘尸那者涅槃的导师。
Deva maraṇato muccanakasatto nāma natthi, amhākaṃ āyuvaḍḍhano cetiyaṭṭhānaṃ puññakkhettaṃ abhisekasiñcako so bhagavā satthā kusinārāya parinibbutoti.
64世尊全知全能,坐于此处宣说法,解我忧愁,驱除我等烦恼,吾已归依于汝。现在,世尊也不要给予我反对的言语了。
Bhagavā sabbaññu nanu imasmiṃ ṭhāne nisīditvā dhammaṃ desayittha, sokasallaṃ me vinodayittha, tumhe mayhaṃ sokasallaṃ nīharittha, ahaṃ tumhākaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, idāni pana me paṭivacanampi na detha bhagavāti.
65难道世尊曾于其他时节,令大比丘僧团在占婆大陆游行吗?我闻闻说是如此。
Nanu bhagavā ahaṃ aññadā evarūpe kāle tumhe mahābhikkhu saṅghaparivārā jambudīpatale cārikaṃ carathāti suṇomi.
66他见我忧愁,安慰我说:『我必将助汝引来十万铁骑。』如此说。
Mama parideviteneva na sijjhati, dasabalassa dhātuyo āharāpessāmīti evaṃ assosi.
67若他们来,则甚好;若不来,我们将以计谋筹备四路军队,于是我亦亲自出征。
Sace dassanti, sundaraṃ. No ce dassanti, āharaṇupāyena āharissāmīti caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannayhitvā sayampi nikkhantoyeva.
68如同未生怨王子,利车族亦是如此。
Yathā ca ajātasattu, evaṃ licchavī ādayopi.
69他们若派军来征讨或斗争,围攻库西那城,世尊便在本方对我等村邑乡野作答回。
Amhākaṃ dhātuyo vā dentu, yuddhaṃ vāti kusinārānagaraṃ parivāretvā ṭhite etaṃ bhagavā amhākaṃ gāmakkhettehi paṭivacanaṃ avocuṃ.
70我等不愿舍弃师尊法教,也不愿远去引来军队。但师尊亲临,遣法教并使我们援助汝等。尔等乡邑所生珍宝非我所欲,不宜给我。我等虽无佛宝之胜,但若获此最高宝物,自当示与,怎肯私饮乳汁?我等亦视尔等如兄弟,尔等亦视我等为兄弟。于是彼此增生傲慢,各自发号施令,互相夸胜争斗。」
Na mayaṃ satthu sāsanaṃ pahiṇimha, nāpi gantvā ānayimha. Satthā pana sayameva āgantvā sāsanaṃ pesetvā amhe pakkosāpesi. Tumhepi kho pana yaṃ tumhākaṃ gāmakkhette ratanaṃ uppajjati. Na taṃ amhākaṃ detha. Sadevake ca loke buddharatanasamaṃ ratanaṃ nāma natthi , evarūpaṃ uttamaratanaṃ labhitvā mayaṃ nadassāma, na kho pana tumhehiyeva mātuthanato khīraṃ pītaṃ. Amhehipi mātuthanato khīraṃ pītaṃ, na tumheyeva purisā, amhepi purisā. Hotūti aññamaññaṃ ahaṃkāraṃ katvā sāsanapaṭisāsanaṃ pesenti. Aññamaññaṃ mānagajjitaṃ gajjanti.
71这些诸王在世尊般涅槃之处相互争论,然此争辩并非恰当,于此纷争我必使其息灭。
Ete rājāno bhagavato parinibbutaṭṭhāne vivādaṃ karonti, na kho panetaṃ patirūpaṃ, alaṃ iminā kalahena, vūpasamessāmi nanti.
72众人皆如师长之声,皆无所言语。
Ācariyassa viya bho saddo, ācariyassa viya bho saddoti sabbe niravā ahesuṃ.
73
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210请听我一言,尊者们,
Suṇantu bhonto mama ekavācaṃ,
211我们之佛为忍辱者;
Amhāka buddho ahu khantivādo;
212非善哉利益于上乘圣者,
Nahi sādhuyaṃ uttamapuggalassa,
213若于身能生离断者。
Sarīrabhāge siyā sampahāro.
74
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215诸尊皆同欢喜和合,
Sabbeva bhonto sahitā samaggā,
216欢悦相应,共结心愿;
Sammodamānā karomaṭṭhabhāge;
217使其扩展如塔般高耸于四方;
Vitthārikā hontu, disāsu thūpā;
218众多贤士以明澈慧眼欢喜观之。
Bahū janā cakkhumato pasannā.
75盖此非善法,非顶圣德者躯体所应得的终结;非善,非善,如是所说——
Na hi sādhukaṃ uttamapuggalassa, sarīrabhāge siyā sampahāroti na hi sādhuyanti na hi sādhu ayaṃ –
76世尊昔日我们曾见汝之躯体,具足二十二相大丈夫之相,周满六色,佛光普照,麟肤华染,熠熠生辉,金色光辉;今其内五蕴已不复存,而世尊为汝哀伤悲恸。
Bhagavā sabbasu pubbe mayaṃ tumhākaṃ dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ chabbaṇṇabuddharasmikhacitaṃ asītianubyañjanasamujjalitasobhaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sarīraṃ addasāma, idāni pana suvaṇṇavaṇṇāva dhātuyo avasiṭṭhā jātā, nayuttamidaṃ bhagavā tumhākanti parideviṃsu.
77世尊为何选择于此诸天世界除疑、宣说四圣谛时,持有右杖?目睹婆罗门持杖之相,念彼婆罗门也必对杖施以微敬。然我思量,非执杖棒为具,置黄金铃铛以备,所摄天界。乃于小宝塔处立之,
Kena nu kho sadevakassa lokassa kaṅkhacchedanatthāya catusaccakathāya paccayabhūtā bhagavato dakkhiṇadāṭhā gahitāti olokento brāhmaṇena gahitāti disvā brāhmaṇopi daṭhāya anucchavikaṃ sakkāraṃ nasakkhissati gaṇhāmi natthi veṭṭhantarato gahetvā suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭake ṭhapetvā devalokaṃ netvā cūḷāmaṇicetiye patiṭṭhapesi –
78在王舍城,世尊之身既瘦且大,
Rājagahe bhagavato sarīrānaṃ thūpañca mahañca akāsi.
79比萨那尊者乔达摩圆寂之时,强力毁除一切损害善法的恶业,诸业皆未灭绝。
Samaṇassa gotamassa parinibbutakālato paṭṭhāya balakkārena sādhukīḷitāya upaddutumha, sabbe no kammantā naṭṭhāti.
80世众愤怒心起,见帝释天将以手段夺取舍利,遂至其近侍处告知真相,吩咐以夺舍利之策,于大王处言:“我为大王行此事”。
Mahājano manaṃ padosetvā apāye nibbattīti disvā sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ dhātuāharaṇūpāyaṃ kāressāmāti tassa santikaṃ gantvā tamatthaṃ ārocetvā dhātuāharaṇūpāyaṃ karomi mahārājāti āhaṃsu.
81尊者言:“世间人名为未生怨,信心平等无所分别,不听吾言。但我将示现如魔般一般恐怖之威,发大声响,驱使夜叉、鬼神、地狱使者来加害你们。尔等若训诫人王:勿使非人心怒夺舍利。”
Bhante puthujjano nāma ajātasattunā samo saddho nāma natthi, na so mama vacanaṃ karissati, apica kho māravibhiṃ sakasadisaṃ vibhiṃsakaṃ dassessāmi mahāsaddaṃ sāvessāmi yakkhagāhakakhipitakaarocake karissāmi, tumhe amanussā mahārāja kupitā dhātuyo āharāpethāti vadeyyātha, evaṃ so āharāpessatīti–
82诸大王言曰:“愿非人恶心勿怒污秽,所以令非人夺舍利。”
Mahārāja amanussā kupitā, dhātuyo āharāpehīti bhaṇiṃsu.
83世尊啊,我的心神尚未安止,即便如此,也请将它带来。这是对当时情形的说明。
Na tāva bhante mayhaṃ cittaṃ tussati, evaṃ santepi āharantūti āha.
84大王正在策划建立一处宝藏般的遗迹,为此而说话。
Mahārāja ekaṃ dhātunidhānaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti āha.
85未来,在兰加岛的大寺庙中的庄严大塔上,将会安置此物。
Anāgate laṅkādīpe mahāvihāre mahācetiyamhi nidahissanti.
230大声闻等
Mahāsāvaka cetī
86在此处若有石块,请令其消隐,愿沙土清净,不使水面起波,以此誓愿加以保证。
Imasmiṃ ṭhāne yo pāsāṇo atthi, so antaradhāyatu, paṃsu suvisuddhā hotu, udakaṃ mā uṭṭhahatūti adhiṭṭhāsi.
87此地国王询问了世尊当时所做之事,大家称之为诸大弟子的寺塔。
Idha rājā kiṃ kāretīti pucchantānampi mahāsāvakānaṃ cetiyānīti vadanti.
88他立下誓言,愿花环不凋谢,香气不消失,灯火不熄灭,进而在金布上刻写铭文——
Mālā mā milāyantu, gandhā mā vinassantu, dīpā mā vijjhāyantūti adhiṭṭhahitvā suvaṇṇapaṭṭe akkharāni chindāpesi –
89未来有一位名为慈爱的王子,他将执持雨伞,成为无忧无愁的法王,他必将化为一位不愠不怒的法王。这些说法是对该位法王德行的详细阐述。
Anāgate piyadoso nāma kumāro chattaṃ ussāpetvā asoko dhammarājā bhavissati, so imā dhātuyo vitthārikā karissatīti.
90未来贫穷之王持有此宝珠,对这些德行表示尊敬,因此用文字予以刻写。
Anāgate daliddarājā imaṃ maṇiṃ gahetvā dhātūnaṃ sakkāraṃ karotūti akkharaṃ chindāpesi.
91父亲以未出世者之名,为这些德行的宝库作保障,此处所说的保护即是其防护之意。
Tāta ajātasattunā dhātunidhānaṃ kataṃ, ettha ārakkhaṃ paṭṭhapehīti pahiṇi.
92我已经了解到我的寿命即将完结,即将断尽。
Parikkhīṇodāni me āyūti aññāsi.
93天子们的死亡原因亦逐渐显现出来。
Yesañca devaputtānaṃ maraṇanimittāni āvi bhavanti.
94此功德果报确实消失了,我满心恐惧、深觉失落。
Nassati vata bho me ayaṃ sampattīti bhayābhibhūto ahosi.
95是否确有某一沙门或婆罗门,乃至世间至高的大神梵天,曾见我从心中涌现的忧患痛苦得已消散,恒久持守此成就,曾亲自观察并再次见过数十万众生生起的忧患痛苦,被正觉者所拔除的事?
Atthi nu kho koci samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā lokapitā maho mahābrahmāvā, yo me hadayanissitaṃ sokasallaṃ samuddharitvā imaṃ sampattiṃ thāvaraṃ kareyyāti olokento kañci adisvā puna addasa mādisānaṃ satasahassānampi uppannaṃ sokasallaṃ sammāsambuddho uddharituṃ paṭibaloti.
96彼时我的智慧尚未圆熟,虽超越若干年,却处于辛勤闭关所在,见到了五种前行相,因惧怕死亡,便与两位天界之神及众神共往,向他们提出十三个问题,在抛弃无漏的问题之后,她们与一百多个神共计认为我将在得道果位上立定而不再退转,思索此事后便未再留恋时机。
Aparipakkaṃ tāvassa ñāṇaṃ, katipāhaṃ pana atikkamitvā mayi indasālaguhāyaṃ viharante pañca pubbanimittāni disvā maraṇabhayabhīto dvīsu devalokesu devatāhi saddhiṃ upasaṅkamitvā cuddasa pañhe pucchitvā upekkhāpañhavissajjanāvasāne asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahissatīti cintetvā okāsaṃ nākāsi.
97过去也曾有一个圣者未得入涅槃时机,缘起不成道果无所依止,但唯有我今存正念依止于遍满世界的大众僧团,世尊也常为此大众演说法。必将在两位天界神中有某天神作依止者,故世尊将为此天神而说法。闻是,我亦当使自己忧患得安息。
Mama pubbepi ekakassa gatattā satthārā okāso nakato, addhā me natthi maggaphalassa upanissayo, ekassa pana upanissaye sati cakkavāḷapariyantāyapi parisāya bhagavā dhammaṃ desetiyeva. Avassaṃ kho pana dvīsu devalokesu kassaci devassa upanissayo bhavissati, taṃ sandhāya satthā dammaṃ desessati. Taṃ sutvā ahampi attano domanassaṃ vūpasamessāmīti.
98两位天界神护持着手持杖的护卫者般走近圣者,这护卫者是随侍有五弟子与十力之众的亲信。圣者此刻带领前所差遣者,请求许我在此适时到来,向圣者提问。为此开口缘由,他如是说道。
Dvīsu devalokesu devatā gahetvā dhurena paharantassa viya satthāraṃ upasaṅkamituṃ nayuttaṃ, ayaṃpana pañcasikho dasabalassa upaṭṭhāko vallabho icchiticchitakkhaṇe gantvā pañhaṃ pucchitvā dhammaṃ suṇāti, imaṃ purato pesetvā okāsaṃ kāretvā iminā katokāse upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchissāmīti okāsakaraṇatthaṃ āmantesi.
99如此,愿大王安住!幸得你,我将至魔王花园,或舞乐盛会等处演说以示现法,也将见佛听法。这样说罢,他深坚信随侍天帝之言,奉随侍之人同往一处。
Evaṃ mahārāja hotu, bhaddaṃ tava yo tvaṃ maṃ ehi mārisa uyyāna kīḷādīni vā naṭasamajjādīni vā dassanāya gacchāmāti avatvā buddhaṃ passissāma dhammaṃ sossāmāti vadasīti daḷhataraṃ upatthambhento devānamindassa vacanaṃ paṭissutvā anucariyaṃ sahacaraṇaṃ ekato gamanaṃ upāgami.
245礼敬你的父亲吧啊,大好之人,在太阳光辉普照时节;
Vande te pitaraṃ bhadde, timbaruṃ sūriyavacchase;
246「因你诞生,使我生起喜乐且美善。」
Yena jātāsi kalyāṇī, ānandajananī mama.
100如是说时,世尊告诫那五顶头天人子:这五顶头天人在曼陀罗琴弦上相互挽留相缠绵,有以琴声缠绕,有以歌声缠绕;但五顶头天人中没有谁的琴弦能超越歌声,也没有谁的歌声能超越琴弦。然当五顶头天人齐集时,有吉祥韵律——是佛陀所近侍、法所近侍、聚合共有、阿拉汉所近侍、欲界所近侍,合和谐韵律之歌——唱诵此诗:
Evaṃ vutte bhagavā pañcasikhaṃ gandhabbadevaputtaṃ etadavoca. Saṃsandati kho te pañcasikha tantissaro gītassarena gītassaro ca tantissarena, naca pana te pañcasikha tantissaro gītassaraṃ ativattati gītassaro ca tantissaraṃ. Kadā saṃyūḷhā pana te pañcasikha vmi gāthā buddhūpasañhitā dhammūpasañhitā saṃyūpasañhitā arahantūpasañhitā kāmūpasañhitāti –
101因世尊准许,不可违犯,天人领受此命后即返回。然后在众生大聚处,因世尊所说此令,天人共聚问讯并依教奉行;在问讯受教终了之际,约一万多天人会聚,皆已了知能坚证初果之果德,便纷纷述说此义。
Bhagavatā pañcasikhassa okāso nakatoti devatā gahetvā tatova paṭinivatteyya. Tato mahājāniyo bhaveyya, vaṇṇe pana kathite kato bhagavatā pañcasikhassa okāsoti devatāhi saddhiṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanāvasāne asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahissatīti ñatvā vaṇṇaṃ kathesi.
102之后,世尊对帝释天说:『此乃奇异无比者,为迦毗罗卫长老所成就的种种异迹中最为广博而应行者。』
Atha kho bhagavā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca ‘‘acchariyamidaṃ āyasmato kosiyassa, abbhutamidaṃ āyasmato kosiyassa tāva bahukiccassa bahukaraṇīyassa yadidaṃ idhāgamana’’nti.
103我长期心怀渴望,愿亲近聆听世尊教诲,然而诸天忉利天众因各别事务繁多,故不能如愿得见世尊。
Cirapaṭikāhaṃ bhante bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitukāmo, api ca devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ kehici kehici kiccakaraṇīyehi byāvaṭo, evāhaṃ nāsakkhiṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ.
104他们因不能亲近而相互劝慰,说『你是我的护卫,我是你的护卫』,并询问帝释天『哪个是你的保护?』,天帝回答说『最接近我宫殿的,即是我的护卫。』
Te ‘‘tava santakā, mama santakā’’ti nicchetuṃ asakkontā aḍḍaṃ karonti, sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ pucchanti, so ‘‘yassa vimānaṃ āsannataraṃ, tassa santakā’’ti vadati.
105观察某人所立的住所者,即称其为“居所”或“栖息处”。
Yassa vimānaṃ olokentī ṭhitā, tassa santakāti vadati.
106恭敬的长老,在咖毕拉瓦图这座城中,有一位名为戈皮迦的释迦族女儿,她对于觉者、法、僧团皆生欢喜,身行端正纯洁,除却女身之相,修习成人之德,身终之后往生善趣天国。
Idheva bhante kapilavatthusmiṃ gopikā nāma sakyadhītā ahosi buddhe pasannā dhamme pasannā saṅghe pasannā sīlesu paripūrakārinī, sā itthittaṃ virājetvā purisattaṃ bhāvetvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā.
254这是佛法出现的因缘,魔王曾前来到此处。
Tassa dhammassa pattiyā, āgatamhāsi mārisa;
255佛陀已给予其机会,我们便向魔王问答疑问吧。
Katāvakāsā bhagavatā, pañhaṃ pucchemu mārisa.
256我问天帝,把你心中所思所愿皆说与我听;
Puccha vāsava maṃ pañhaṃ, yaṃ kiñci manasicchasi;
257对于你的所有问题,我即为你说明终极的答案。
Tassa tasseva pañhassa, ahaṃ antaṃ karomi te.
107“什么是结缚呢?在魔、人、天、人非人、龙、干闼婆以及其他诸存在中,是具足众多身体的,彼等若属于非暴力、不持杖、不受惩罚、不侵害者,我们称之为无害者。相反地,那些持杖、有惩罚、侵害他者者,称为有害者。”
Kiṃ saṃyojanā nu kho mārisa devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā ye caññe santi puthukāyā, te averā adaṇḍā asapattā abyāpajjā viharemu averinoti iti ca nesaṃ hoti. Atha ca pana saverā sadaṇḍā sasapattā sabyāpajjā viharanti saverinoti.
108“嫉妒和惊奇的结缚是什么呢?在诸天、天人、人、非人、龙、干闼婆以及其他诸存在中,这些具足众多身体者,若是非暴力、不持杖、不受惩罚、不侵害者,我们称之为无害者。反之,若其持杖、有惩罚、侵害者,称为有害者。”
Issāmacchariyasaṃyojanā kho devānaminda devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā yecaññe santi puthukāyā, te averā adaṇḍā asapattā abyāpajjā viharemu averinoti iti ca nesaṃhoti, atha ca pana saverā sadaṇḍā sasapattā sabyāpajjā viharanti saverinoti.
109“嫉妒”即嫉妒者,谓彼对他人所成就者怀有厌恶之色,即心不乐他之味,继而发起偏见心、嫉恨心、嫉妒之足等,故称为结缚,应当观察其义。
Issatīti issā, sā parasampattīnaṃ usūyanalakkhaṇā, tattheva anabhiratirasā, tato vimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, parasampatti padaṭṭhānā, saṃyojananti daṭṭhabbā.
110“嫉妒心态”则是嫉妒的表现,是对于自他财富的隐瞒之相,是其与他人共享之时表现出的排斥与不和,或是收缩之态,或是苦涩烦恼之相,或是对自己财富的拘执不舍,或是心性丑陋之表现,应当观察了解。
Maccherabhāvo macchariyaṃ, taṃladdhānaṃ vā labhitabbānaṃ vā attano sampattīnaṃ nigūhanalakkhaṇaṃ, tāsaṃyeva parehi sādhāraṇabhāva akkhamanarasaṃ, saṅkocanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, kaṭukañcukatā paccupaṭṭhānaṃ vā, attasampattipadaṭṭhānaṃ, cetaso virūpabhāvoti daṭṭhabbaṃ.
111“何为色相?”说这各各过失,传闻中有人未深入解释,导致其显色丑陋,犹如泥浆与水的混杂显现。
Kiṃ vaṇṇo esoti taṃ taṃ dosaṃ vadanto pariyattiñca kassaci kiñci adento dubbaṇṇo ceva eḷamūgoca hoti.
112“只要不放下这些,诸天人即使观看无害等境,也不能彻底除灭敌害等恶。”
Yāva taṃ nappahīyati, tāva devamanussā averatādīni patthayantāpi verādīni naparimuccantiyeva.
113于是帝释天王向世尊提出上方的问题——
Atha kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ uttari pañhaṃ apucchi–
114关于忌妒与惊异,魔王者问道:其缘起为何?其集为何?其生为何?其本起为何?在何者中忌妒与惊异生起?在何者中忌妒与惊异不生起?
Issāmacchariyaṃ pana mārisa kiṃ nidānaṃ kiṃ samudayaṃ kiṃ jātikaṃ kiṃ pabhavaṃ, kismiṃ sati issāmacchariyaṃ hoti, kismiṃ asati issāmacchariyaṃ na hotīti.
115这忌妒与惊异,乃天帝所喜所爱的缘起、集、所生及本起;在所爱境中忌妒与惊异生起,不在所爱境中忌妒与惊异不起。
Issāmacchariyaṃ kho devānaminda piyāppiyanidānaṃ piyāppiyasamudayaṃ piyāppiyajātikaṃ piyāppiyapabhavaṃ, piyāppiye sati issāmacchariyaṃ hoti, piyāppiye asati issāmacchariyaṃ nahotīti.
116所谓忌妒,即是说对人不能给予、会嫉妒、心生不安等诸种言行,由此而生忌妒心。
Na sakkā dātuṃ, kilamissati vā ukkaṇṭhissati vātiādīni vatvā macchariyaṃ karoti.
117啊,生起这种忌妒心的事物不应存在。
Aho vatassa evarūpaṃ na bhaveyyāti issaṃ karoti.
118他们因欺骗我故,我等不能与其分享,不可给予,此即忌妒心也。
Mayampetaṃ mamāyantā na paribhuñjāma, na sakkā dātunti macchariya karoti.
119既然已经确定了我,是谁还会对这样的利益生起占有欲呢?又或者即使被请求暂时给予,也不会对其嫉妒。
Ṭhapetvā maṃ ko añño evarūpassa lābhīti issaṃ vā karoti, yācito tāvakālikampi adadamāno macchariyaṃ vā karoti.
120然而,所爱与所恶,对魔王来说究竟有何缘起、何种产生、何种出世、何种存在?在何种条件下所爱所恶成立,在何种条件下所爱所恶不成立呢?
Piyāppiyaṃ kho pana mārisa kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ, kismiṃ sati piyāppiyaṃ hoti, kismiṃ asati piyāppiyaṃ na hotīti.
121对于天人来说,欲爱是指对檀香的欲望,欲望的缘起,欲望的生起,欲望的存在;当存有念时称为所爱,念不起即非所爱。
Piyāppiyaṃ kho devānaminda chandanidānaṃ chandasamudayaṃ chandajātikaṃ chandapabhavaṃ, chande sati piyāppiyaṃ hoti, chande asati piyāppiyaṃ na hotīti.
122所谓檀香欲爱,即是寻求香气、获得香气、享用香气、临近香气和厌弃香气,这五种欲望。
Chandanidānantiettha pariyesanachando, paṭilābhachando, paribhoga chando, sannidhichando, vissajjanachandoti pañcavidho chando.
123这些(五种欲望)将保护我,守护我,为我阻挡并围绕。
Ime maṃ rakkhissanti gopissanti mamāyissanti samparivārayissantīti.
124但魔王的欲望究竟为何缘起、缘起的原因、产生的性质、存在的性质?在何条件下欲望成立,何条件下不成立?同样,天人的思维欲望是指念头的缘起、思维的生起、思维的性质和存在;当念起时即是欲望,不起时则非欲望。
Chando kho pana mārisa kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo, kismiṃ sati chando hoti, kismiṃ asati chando nahotīti. Chando kho devānaminda vitakkanidāno vitakkasamudayo vitakkajātiko vitakkapabhavo, vitakke sati chando hoti, vitakke asati chando na hotīti.
125色有多少?声有多少?香有多少?味有多少?触有多少?为我所有,有多少?为他所有,有多少?我将显现多少?他将显现多少?此为断思辨论的解释。由此知天帝便发起意欲(即贪欲)。
Ettakaṃ rūpassa bhavissati, ettakaṃ saddassa, ettakaṃ gandhassa, ettakaṃ rasassa, ettakaṃ phoṭṭhabbassa bhavissati, ettakaṃ mayhaṃ bhavissati, ettakaṃ parassa bhavissati, ettakaṃ nidahissāmi, ettakaṃ parassa dassāmīti vavatthānaṃ vitakkavinicchayena hoti. Tenāha chando kho devānaminda vitakkanidānoti.
126那么,魔主的比丘如何修习这通向断除分别执取之作用的道路?
Kathaṃ paṭipanno pana mārisa bhikkhu papañcasaññāsaṅkhānirodhasāruppagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hotīti.
127对于欢喜的滋味,天帝分别说应当亲近与不应当亲近。对于苦恼的滋味,天帝同样分别说应当亲近与不应当亲近。对于无喜无苦的舍,那天帝也是这样分别应亲近与不亲近。
Somanassaṃpāhaṃ devānaminda duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbaṃpi asevitabbaṃpi. Domanassaṃpāhaṃ devānaminda duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbaṃpi asevitabbaṃpi. Upekkhaṃpāhaṃ devānaminda duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbaṃpi asevitabbaṃpi.
128那么,世尊所问者、所说者、未问者、以及追问者、未追问者,意指何义?
Kiṃ pana bhagavatā pucchitaṃ kathitaṃ apucchitaṃ, sānusandhikaṃ ananusandhikanti.
129所问者即是所说者,非所未问者。追问者乃是未追问者,非未追问者。
Pucchitameva kathitaṃ no apucchitaṃ. Sānusandhikameva no ananusandhikaṃ.
130这五蕴为何为缘?谓其为假合蕴,且由无明等所生因缘。
Ime pañcakkhandhā kiṃ hetukāti upaparikkhandho avijjādihetukāti passati.
131或喜悦,或非喜悦,言语随之自然流露而生起。
Ahosukhaṃ ahosukhanti vācaṃ nicchārayamānavasena uppajjati.
132或苦恼,或非苦恼,恼乱之心亦由此而生。
Ahodukkhaṃ ahodukkhanti vippalāpayamānameva uppajjati.
133“关于天神之喜悦我说有二:应当修习的与不应当修习的。”此说源于某因。于其中,若知此喜悦,一旦修习,恶法增长,善法退转,则此喜悦不可修习。若知此喜悦一旦修习,恶法退转,善法增长,则此喜悦应当修习。又分为有正念正思惟者与无正念正思惟者,后者较胜上乘。关于“关于天神之喜悦说有二,应修习与不应修习”,此说即由此因缘成立。
‘‘Somanassaṃpāhaṃ devānaminda duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbaṃpi asevitabbaṃpī’’ti itikho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ. Tattha yaṃ jaññā somanassaṃ ‘‘imaṃ kho me somanassaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’’ti, evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ na sevitabbaṃ. Tattha yaṃ jaññā somanassaṃ ‘‘imaṃ kho me somanassaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’’ti, evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ sevitabbaṃ. Tattha yaṃ ce savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ, yaṃce avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ, ye avitakke avicāre, te paṇītatare. ‘‘Somanassaṃpāhaṃ devānaminda duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbaṃpi asevitabbaṃpī’’ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
134实不获与诸出家人相应,共同严格守清净戒律,因由生忧愁烦恼,恶流四起,如同村里深居的老大比丘。
Na laddhaṃ vata me sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ visuddhipavāraṇaṃ pavāretunti āvajjato domanassaṃ uppajjati, assudhārā pavattanti gāmanta pabbhāravāsī mahāsīvattherassa viya.
135我师为他人施于帮助,而自己无力自护,乃至远行空地,近住寺院,昼夜坐处,闻教导立正前来示现,以示其行,独自一隅而坐。
Amhākaṃ ācariyo aññesaṃ avassayo hoti, attano bhavituṃ na sakkoti, ovādamassa dassāmīti ākāsena gantvā vihārasamīpe otaritvā divāṭṭhāne nisinnaṃ ācariyaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vattaṃ dassetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
136“你来何因?求食乞食吗?”如此问之。
Kiṃ kāraṇā āgatosi piṇḍapātikāti āha.
137你不是为了赞同你自己而在空中升起然后回来。
Na te tumhākaṃ anumodanāya atthoti ākāse uppatitvā agamāsi.
138此比丘的回向之业不存在,我却知晓说‘我将做起杖师’,如今没有空闲,待时机成熟必会前往。因此,我带着袈裟前往近处,整整一日三次诵说佛法,并在下午时分携带一个长老的教诲离去,持袈裟与其同行而出。
Imassa bhikkhuno pariyattiyā kammaṃ natthi, mayhaṃ pana aṅkusako bhavissāmīti āgatoti ñatvā idāni okāso na bhavissati, paccūsakāle gamissāmīti pattacīvaraṃ samīpe katvā sabbaṃ divasabhāgaṃ paṭhamayāma majjhimayāmañca dhammaṃ vācetvā pacchimayāme ekasmiṃ there uddesaṃ gahetvā nikkhante pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā teneva saddhiṃ nikkhanto.
139后来,他对我说:‘我必不会凭四种行路之道而见得道果成阿拉汉,若不成阿拉汉,我则不会铺设坐垫,亦不会洗脚。’随即他舍火使其熄灭并放置。
Tato ‘‘na mañce mayhaṃ catūhi iriyāpathehi maggaphalaṃ uppajjissati arahattaṃ apatvā neva mañce piṭṭhiṃ pasāressāmi, na pāde dhovissāmīti mañcaṃ ussāpetvā ṭhapesi.
140现在我修行圣道已有三十载,绝无眼见成就阿拉汉果,我现下所执此自身本性之道,既无法践行亦无有果报,故我思虑不与修行者共行清净戒律。
Idāni me tiṃsavassāni samaṇadhammaṃ karontassa, nāsakkhiṃ arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ, addhā me imasmiṃ attabhāve maggovā phalaṃvā natthi, na me laddhaṃ sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ visuddhipavāraṇaṃ pavāretunti cintesi.
141继而大长老及其天众与其同嬉嬉戏,且如是我实在问你:他们是增进慧观与解脱之力,并伴随智慧之精进而得成阿拉汉吗?他如今准备入寂,以座位作安置,施香掌握扇并设水器洗脚,坐于阶梯垫上。
Bho mahāsīvatthera devatāpi tayā saddhiṃ keḷiṃ karonti, anucchavikaṃ nu kho te etanti vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ aggahesi. So idāni nipajjissāmīti senāsanaṃ paṭijaggitvā mañcakaṃ paññapetvā udakaṭṭhāne udakaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetvā pāde dhovissāmīti sopānaphalake nisīdi.
142我说:‘上师,请起身前往母家村。’说完便起身前行,来至长老之前,礼拜后在前方方座上就座,说要洗脚。
Apetha bhante mātugāmoti okāsaṃ kāretvā theraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā purato ukkuṭiko nisīditvā pāde dhovissāmīti āha.
294彼为最尊贵者的天众,
Te paṇītatarā devā,
295最上最盛名闻者;
Akaniṭṭhā yasassino;
296在其末期来到时,
Antime vattamānamhi,
297当有其住所;
So nivāso bhavissati;
143比丘啊,请成为法布施者,不作世俗布施者。于你们中应有悲愍,无论如何应当成为法布施的弟子,不作世俗布施者。你们这些比丘当成为世俗布施者,不作法布施者。你们也因此应成为世俗布施者,因世俗布施者而修行,非因法布施者。若我为初因,世尊弟子因世俗布施而修行,而非法布施者。你们当成为法布施者,不要世俗布施者。你们也因此应成为法布施者,因法布施者而修行,不是因世俗布施者。我亦非初因,弟子因法布施修行,不是因世俗布施者。故此,比丘们,应成为法布施者,不是世俗布施者。愿于你们中彼此有悲悯,无论如何愿弟子成为法布施者,不作世俗布施者。
Dhammadāyādā me bhikkhave bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā, atthi me tumhesu anukampā, kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādāti. Tumhe ca bhikkhave āmisadāyādā bhaveyyātha, no dhammadāyādā. Tumhepi tena ādiyā bhaveyyātha, āmisa dāyādā satthusāvakā viharanti, no dhammadāyādāti. Ahampitena ādiyo bhaveyyaṃ āmisadāyādā satthu sāvakā viharanti, no dhammadāyādāti. Tumhe ca me bhikkhave dhammadāyādā bhaveyyātha no āmisadāyādā. Tumhepi tena ādiyā bhaveyyātha dhammadāyādā satthu sāvakā viharanti, no āmisadāyādāti. Ahampi tena na ādiyo bhaveyyaṃ. Dhammadāyādā satthu sāvakā viharanti, no āmisadāyādāti. Tasmātiha me bhikkhave dhammadāyādā bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā, atthime tumhesu anukampā, kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādāti.
144世尊、世尊者、天帝、众生之尊、雄狮人中之王,众生寻找彼世尊。
Kahaṃ buddho kahaṃ bhagavā kahaṃ devadevo narāsabho purisasīhoti bhagavantaṃ pariyesanti.
145又说,当时世尊以天帝般的尊贵庄严、受人尊重供养,受到赞誉而未遭轻慢,受用如袈裟、乞食、席坐、呕吐物、疾病、药物、清洁用具等因缘,而比丘众僧也以天帝般的尊敬相待……及其用具。
Vuttampicetaṃ ‘‘tena kho pana samayena bhagavā sakkato hoti garukato mānito pūjito apacito lābhī cīvara piṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ, bhikkhusaṅghopi kho sakkato hoti…pe… parikkhārāna’’nti.
146直到现在,准德还如同比丘众僧般的团体或聚会在人间出现,我准德没有见过另有任何一众僧众能比拟,具有如此利益和舍离的样貌,这正如准德比丘众僧一般。
Yāvatā kho cunda etarahi saṅgho vā gaṇo vā loke uppanno, nāhaṃ cunda aññaṃ ekasaṅghampi samanupassāmi, evaṃ lābhagga yasaggapattaṃ, yathariva cunda bhikkhusaṅghoti.
147我们对尊师、长老的供养及恩赐,当高声隆重地宣布。这种情况以佛陀示现为显著而广为人知。于是世尊生起对佛法的深刻悲愤,生发精进之念,独自深思。
Amhākaṃ ācariyassa detha, upajjhāyassa dethāti uccāsadda mahāsaddaṃ karonti. Sā ca nesaṃ pavatti bhagavatopi pākaṭā ahosi. Tato bhagavā ananucchavikanti dhammasaṃvegaṃ uppādetvā cintesi.
148所谓因缘不可亲近,是指不应授与受戒。因缘所系者即是出家人依止于家族的戒律修行。眼下我正宣说法之给予与实行的轨则。
Paccayā akappiyāti na sakkā sikkhāpadaṃ paññapetuṃ. Paccayapaṭibaddhā hi kulaputtānaṃ samaṇadhammavutti. Handāhaṃ dhammadāyādapaṭipadaṃ desemi.
149此将成为欲受戒的出家人戒律的定型,就如设在城门口的全身覆盖衣饰牌般,城门口以有四种颜色的全身覆盖衣饰标示,修行人见其影子即知戒律且行戒,故舍弃罪业无过。
Sā sikkhākāmānaṃ kulaputtānaṃ sikkhāpadapaññatti viya bhavissati nagaradvāre ṭhapitasabbakāyikaādāso viya ca, yathā hi nagara dvāre ṭhapite sabbakāyike ādāse cattāro vaṇṇā attano chāyaṃ disvā vajjaṃ pahāya niddosā honti.
150那位婆罗门世尊是未现之道的发明者,是未曾被认识之道的显现者,是未被说明之道的说明者,是道的知者、道的解说者、道的实践者、道的显现者、解脱的指引者、无死者的赐予者、法的主宰、如来的导师……。
So hi brāhmaṇa bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū maggavidū maggakovidotica. So hāvuso bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgatotica, ….
151以净洁的副食和主食,在正确的时机予以适度供养,使之得以滋养和增长。
Paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi.
152『若汝即便已超越如来而去,仍放弃供养饭食,便起此等欲心。』
Are tvaṃ sugatātirittampi piṇḍapātaṃ paṭikkhipitvā īdisaṃ icchaṃ uppādesi.
153比丘负担沉重,难以维持生命。
Dubbharo bhikkhu na sakkā posituṃ.
154贤者们乃心安理得地满足于少许,唯有我们承诺承担此事而养护。
Amhākaṃ bhadanto subharo thokenapi tussati, mayameva naṃ posissāmāti paṭiññaṃ katvā posenti.
155『汝当知,即便越过如来,弃置供养饭食,仍能修行比丘法,于今安于寂静精勤修习。』——
‘‘Are tvaṃ nāma tadā sugatātirittampi piṇḍapātaṃ paṭikkhipitvā tathā jighacchādubbalyaparetopi samaṇadhammaṃ katvā ajja kosajjamanuyuñjasi’’ –
156此即阿难之语,浸染心识烦恼障碍、覆蔽心智,导致一味厌离、断灭、平息、三明、觉悟、涅槃涌现。譬如这简略论述……。
Yā ca kho ānandakathā abhisallekhitā cetovinīvaraṇasappāyā ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Seyyathidaṃ appicchakathāti …,.
157世尊于是说说完此语后,善逝从坐席上起身进入住所。
Idamavoca bhagavā, idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.
158此义由我简略陈说,详细阐明未曾省略。取得法的比丘们将接续前来,或是阿难,或是咖咤那等,前往就近询问,他们依我智慧融会贯通后详加说明。随后取得法者又将再来问讯,我因而与阿难、与咖咤那等都善说之。汝等若也一齐询问,我自亦照此方法详细释说。
Imaṃ mayā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ vitthārena avibhattaṃ, dhammapaṭiggāhakā bhikkhū uggahetvā ānandaṃ vā kaccānaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pucchissanti, te mayhaṃ ñāṇena saṃsandetvā kathessanti, tato dhammapaṭiggāhakā puna maṃ pucchissanti, tesaṃ ahaṃ sukathitaṃ bhikkhave ānandena, sukathitaṃ kaccānena, maṃ cepi tumhe ekamatthaṃ puccheyyātha, ahampi naṃ evameva byākareyyanti.
314小牛角经
Cūḷagosiṅgasutta
159如是我闻,一时世尊不远处住于树林中草舍。正是此时,长老阿努儒达、长老难提及长老基米罗等三位长老栖息于基米罗树林居处。傍晚时分,世尊从禅定中起,向该树林居处前去。时见守护者大护法远远走来。见世尊,便语曰:「大沙门勿入此林,此地三族子身虽在此,心却不安,不可轻忽亲近。」
Evaṃ me sutaṃ ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā nātike viharati giñjakāvasathe, tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ca anuruddho āyasmā ca nandiyo āyasmā ca kimilo gosiṅgasālavanadāye viharanti. Athakho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena gosiṅgasālavanadāyo, tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho dāyapālo bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘mā mahāsamaṇa etaṃ dāyaṃ pāvisi, santettha tayo kulaputtā attakāmarūpā viharanti, mā tesaṃ aphāsukamakāsī’’ti.
160我已思惟计较,决定作殊胜教授而非他说法,意欲为三族子作法。
Ahaṃ ime kulaputte paggaṇhitvā ukkaṃsitvā paṭisanthāraṃ katvā dhammaṃ nesaṃ desessāmīti.
161长老阿努儒达听闻时,于与大护法共议时,说言:「莫担忧,大护法,世尊不会厌弃,他乃导师,无有几时不出现。」
Assosi kho āyasmā anuruddho dāyapālassa bhagavatā saddhiṃ mantayamānassa. Sutvāna dāyapālaṃ etadavoca, mā āvuso dāyapāla bhagavantaṃ vāresi, satthā no bhagavā anuppattoti.
162我等三人栖于此,无他出家众,且护法如出家人般与我等谈论,谁能说将来会如何?」
Mayaṃ tayo janā idha viharāma, aññe pabbajitā nāma natthi, ayañca dāyapālo pabbajitena viya saddhiṃ katheti, ko nu kho bhavissatīti.
163此人有怜悯心,伸开双手仿佛要抓取挂在颈侧的箭矢,但却不知世间上与这位至尊共语者是谁,宛如某一比丘与之共语者一般。
Ayaṃ dāyapālo phaṇakataṃ āsivisaṃ gīvāya gahetuṃ hatthaṃ pasārentoviya loke aggapuggalena saddhiṃ kathentova na jānāti, aññatarabhikkhunā viya saddhiṃ kathetīti.
164我们三人同住于一处。我将单独先行一步。友爱相合的同住将不复存在,我愿持所爱之善友,先行独自离开。若世尊对我亲爱,亦如世尊所爱助伴者,他们亦爱我,故我自愿先行未动,径直前去。
Mayaṃ tayo janā samaggavāyaṃ vasāma. Sacāhaṃ ekakova paccuggamanaṃ karissāmi. Samaggavāso nāma na bhavissatīti piyamitte gahetvāva paccuggamanaṃ karissāmi. Yathā ca bhagavā mayhaṃ piyo, evaṃ sahāyānampi me piyoti, tehi saddhiṃ paccuggamanaṃ kātukāmo sayaṃ akatvāva upasaṅkami.
165如此,我尊者亲近你时,认为我真已将心专注于这些尊者们的心中。我则确实如此,将心专注于这些尊者的心中,虽然各自体躯众多,但我认为身体各部分唯有一心存在。
Tassa mayhaṃ bhante evaṃ hoti, yaṃ nūnāhaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ nikkhipitvā imesaṃyeva āyasmantānaṃ cittassa vasena vatteyyanti. So kho ahaṃ bhante sakaṃ cittaṃ nikkhipitvā imesaṃyeva āyasmantānaṃ cittassa vasena vattāmi, nānāhi kho no bhante kāyā ekañca pana maññe cittanti.
166很好很好,尊者安努律!你们安努律等是否均精进用功,勤勉专注,守护清净地生活?
Sādhu sādhu anuruddhā, kacci pana vo anuruddhā appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharathāti.
167如实是,尊者,我们勤勉专注,守护清净地生活。
Taggha mayaṃ bhante appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharāmāti.
168然后,请问你们如何精进用功,勤勉专注,守护清净地生活?
Yathā kathaṃ pana tumhe anuruddhā appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharathāti.
169但是,对于你们这些修习不疏忽、具热诚且专注于正法的阿努儒达人来说,所修持的上上人法是具有无染污清净的智慧见解特质的清净行持。
Atthi pana vo anuruddhā evaṃ appamattānaṃ ātāpīnaṃ pahitattānaṃ viharantānaṃ uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso adhigato phāsuvihāroti.
170尊敬的比丘们,有何不可呢?在此,我等尊敬的比丘们只要如愿意,远离欲乐,远离不善法,怀有正确念头与思惟,由此生起的离俗而成就的喜乐幸福,进入第一禅定而修习时,这正是我们这些不疏忽、具有热诚并专注正法的比丘们所成就的上上人法,即具明了断疑的智慧见解特质的真实修行。
Kiṃ hi no siyā bhante. Idha mayaṃ bhante yāvadeva ākaṅkhāma, vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāma, ayaṃ kho no bhante amhākaṃ appamattānaṃ ātāpīnaṃ pahitattānaṃ viharantānaṃ uttarimanussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso adhigato phāsuvihāroti.
327《相应部·有偈品》注释
Sagāthāvaggasaṃyutta aṭṭhakathā
328夜叉相应
Yakkhasaṃyutta
329阿拉瓦咖经
Āḷavakasutta
171如是我闻:一时,世尊住在阿阇耶国中,住于阿阇耶国城内一位耆鬼的府邸。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā āḷaviyaṃ viharati āḷavakassa yakkhassa bhavane.
172为了捕捉鹿,以解除淫欲放逸,从家中离开,来到城郊,见到许多广阔巨大枝叶繁茂的婆罗树,为了纵情消遣而近前其根部。
Nāsakkhi migaṃ gahetunti apavādamocanatthaṃ kājenādāya āgacchanto nagarassāvidūre bahalapattapalāsaṃ mahānigrodhaṃ disvā parissamavinodanatthaṃ tassa mūlamupagato.
173各诸部族聚集时,各自议论说:‘谁是生命的基缘者,他应当出家。’
Ye ye vajjā honti, te te sandhāya ‘‘yo jīvitatthiko, so nikkhamatū’’ti bhaṇati.
174国王将盗匪逮捕交给耆鬼,因此人们不再盗窃。从此以后,由于新盗匪的消失,过去旧盗匪的监狱牢房也空无一人。
Rājā core gahetvā yakkhassa detīti manussā corakamma to paṭiviratā. Tato aparena samayena navacorānaṃ abhāvena purāṇacorānañca parikkhayena bandhanāgārāni suññāni ahesuṃ.
175人们说:『国王派遣我们的父亲,我们的祖父,必然会引起我们的愤怒。不要让你们喜欢这种事。』
Rājā amhākaṃ pitaraṃ amhākaṃ pitāmahaṃ pesetīti manussā khobhaṃ karissanti, mā vo etaṃ ruccīti vāresi.
176在天城中,没有少年放置于内院成为阿拉维的儿子。
Natthi deva nagare dārako ṭhapetvā antepure tava puttaṃ āḷavakakumāranti.
177之后阿拉维的夜叉因世尊而来,来见世尊后对佛言:『出家人啊,世尊出去了。』世尊答曰:『善哉,我出去。』『世尊进去了。』答曰:『善哉,我进去。』阿拉维夜叉第二次向世尊说:『出家人啊,世尊出去了。』世尊答曰:『善哉,我出去。』说世尊进去了,答:『善哉,我进去。』第三次,阿拉维夜叉对世尊说:『出家人啊,世尊出去了。』答:『善哉,我出去。』进去了,答:『善哉,我进去。』第四次,阿拉维夜叉对世尊说:『出家人啊,我不想出去。你该做的,就去做吧。我要问你问题,若你不能回答,我会损害你的心智,打破你的心房,甚至抓住你的脚将你扔到河岸上。』我不愿目睹你在这世间与魔王、调戏的婆罗门、沙门及世人同处,若有人损害我的心智,打破我的心房,抓住脚将我扔到河岸上。你若生起疑心,请问吧。
Atha kho āḷavako yakkho yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca nikkhama samaṇāti. Sādhāvusoti bhagavā nikkhami. Pavisa samaṇāti. Sādhāvusoti bhagavā pāvisi. Dutiyampi kho oḷavako yakkho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca nikkhama samaṇāti. Sādhāvusoti bhagavā nikkhami. Pavisa samaṇāti. Sādhāvusoti bhagavā pāvisi. Tatiyampi kho āḷavako yakkho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca nikkhama samaṇāti. Sādhāvusoti bhagavā nikkhami. Pavisa samaṇāti. Sādhāvusoti bhagavā pāvisi. Catutthampi kho āḷavako yakkho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca nikkhama samaṇāti. Na khvāhaṃ taṃ āvuso nikkhamissāmi. Yaṃ te karaṇīyaṃ, taṃ karohīti. Pañhaṃ taṃ samaṇa pucchissāmi, sace me na byākarissasi, cittaṃ vā te khipissāmi, hadayaṃ vā te phālessāmi, pādesu vā gahetvā pāragaṅgāya khipissāmīti. Na khvāhaṃ taṃ āvuso passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya, yo me cittaṃ vā khipeyya hadayaṃ vā phāleyya pādesu vā gahetvā pāragaṅgāya khipeyya. Apica tvaṃ āvuso puccha yadā kaṅkhasīti.
178世尊啊,您叫什么名字?闯入我府上的人是谁?
Ko so bhagavānāma, yo mama bhavanaṃ paviṭṭhoti āha.
179你不知道世尊是我们的导师吗?他住于忉利天宫,观四大千世界五次大观,他说法转动法轮,述说其次相续等说法,已说二十三种前行相。你难道不感到惊异而生起愤怒吗?
Na tvaṃ āvuso jānāsi bhagavantaṃ amhākaṃ satthāraṃ, yo tusitabhavane ṭhito pañcamahāvilokitaṃ viloketvātiādinā nayena yāva dammacakkapavattanā kathentā paṭisandhiādīsu dvattiṃsapubbanimittāni vatvā imānipi tvaṃ āvuso acchariyāni nāddasāti codesuṃ.
180现在观看你们的导师这位大德者,他说:『我带着右脚行走了约六十由旬,游历花山之巅。』
Passatha dāni tumhākaṃ vā satthā mahānubhāvo, ahaṃ vāti dakkhiṇapādena saṭṭhiyojanamattaṃ kelāsapabbatakūṭaṃ akkami.
181我实在不知道究竟是谁会放弃这不可战胜的恶兵器。
Yaṃ nūnāhaṃ kenaci ajeyyaṃ dussāvudhaṃ muñceyyanti.
182因为此缘,一位修习慈心的出家人,万勿对他生恼怒,应以慈心对待。关于这点有此说法:阿拉维亚夜叉对世尊说……世尊谓之出家修行者。
Idaṃ kāraṇaṃ mettāvihārayutto samaṇo, handa naṃ rosetvā mettāya viyojemīti iminā sambandhenetaṃ vuttaṃ, atha kho āḷavako yakkho yena bhagavā…pe… nikkhama samaṇāti.
183苏巴诃此出家人,仅凭一句话离去,他这样说:“出家确实是一件幸福的事。”我反复苦思,整日沉湎于战争,心怯懦,继而思惟——
‘‘Subbaco vatāyaṃ samaṇo ekavacaneneva nikkhanto, evaṃ nāma nikkhametuṃ sukhaṃ samaṇaṃ akāraṇenevāhaṃ sakalarattiṃ yuddhena abbhuyyāsinti muducitto hutvā puna cintesi –
184“苏巴诃说此人出家了,确实出家了,说他入道了,确实入道了。假使有人终日侮辱此出家人,践踏其足,溯大河将其投入水中,生起恶念,第四次却仍称他为‘出家人’。”
Subbaco ayaṃ samaṇo nikkhamāti vutto nikkhamati. Pavisāti vutto pavisati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ samaṇaṃ evameva sakalarattiṃ kilametvā pāde gahetvā pāragaṅgāya khipeyyanti pāpakaṃ cittaṃ uppādetvā catutthavāraṃ āha nikkhama samaṇāti.
344何物是人的最好财富,
Kiṃ sūdha vittaṃ purisassa seṭṭhaṃ,
345何物能带来清净与安乐?
Kiṃsu suciṇṇaṃ sukhamāvahāti;
346有什么比美妙的味道更为可贵呢?
Kiṃsu have sādutaraṃ rasānaṃ,
347怎样的生命方式才能被称为最优呢?
Kathaṃ jīviṃ jīvitamāhu seṭṭhanti;
348信心如财富,是人的最佳财产,
Saddhīdha vittaṃ purisassa seṭṭhaṃ,
349法则如净水,为人带来真正的愉悦;
Dhammo suciṇṇo sukhamāvahāti;
350真理乃是最美妙的滋味,
Saccaṃ have sādutaraṃ rasānaṃ,
351智慧是生命中最尊贵的存在。
Paññājīviṃ jīvitamāhu seṭṭhanti.
352信心坚定且具足戒律,
Saddho sīlena sampanno,
353声誉与财物皆备,
Yaso bhogasamappito;
354无论何处奉事,
Yaṃ yaṃ padesaṃ bhajati,
355正说为『在彼处即受敬重』者,
Tattha tattheva pūjitoti vacanato –
356真理之言亦如流水奔流,
Saccena vācenudakampi dhāvati,
357智者以真理斥破谬妄。
Visampi saccena hananti paṇḍitā;
358真实无妄者,天神降雨普润世间,
Saccena devo thanayaṃ pavassati,
359真实确立者,证得涅槃寂灭。
Sacce ṭhitā nibbutiṃ patthayanti.
360世间或存若干感官乐趣,
Yekecime atthi rasā pathabyā,
361其中真实为最殊胜善美之乐;
Saccaṃ tesaṃ sādutaraṃ rasānaṃ;
362真实确立者,即得出家修行婆罗门,
Sacce ṭhitā samaṇabrāhmaṇā ca,
363超越生死轮回,解脱彼岸。
Taranti jātimaraṇassa pāranti.
364如何渡过洪流,如何渡过激流?
Kathaṃsu tarati oghaṃ, kathaṃsu tarati aṇṇavaṃ;
365如何尽离苦,如何得安住?
Kathaṃsu dukkhamacceti, kathaṃsu parisujjhati.
366以信心渡过洪流,以不懈精进渡过激流;
Saddhāya tarati oghaṃ, appamādena aṇṇavaṃ;
367以精进尽离苦,以智慧得安住。
Vīriyena dukkhamacceti, paññāya parisujjhati.
368如何获得智慧,如何得到财富?
Kathaṃsu labhate paññaṃ, kathaṃsu vindate dhanaṃ;
369如何获得名誉,如何结交朋友?
Kathaṃsu kittiṃ pappoti, kathaṃ mittāni ganthati;
370我们这一世界之外还有他界,究竟为何往生彼方而不生忧忧悲伤?
Asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ, kathaṃ pecca na socatīti–
371是因为坚定信解阿拉汉圣者之法,对涅槃的实现心生信顺;
Saddahāno arahataṃ, dhammaṃ nibbānapattiyā;
372故而获得充足的智慧,有觉悟且精进善巧。
Sussūsaṃ labhate paññaṃ, appamatto vicakkhaṇo.
373其善根如同织造复杂华美织物般珍贵稀有,努力奋发者能得财物;
Patirūpakārī dhuravā, uṭṭhātā vindate dhanaṃ;
374凭真实名声得享声誉,慷慨施与,结交众多善友;
Saccena kittiṃ pappoti, dadaṃ mittāni ganthati.
185因此我们这一世界之外的彼方世界,往生后乃不生忧愁悲哀。
Asmā loko paraṃ lokaṃ, evaṃ pecca na socati.
376若有人具足四法,
Yassete caturo dhammā,
377在信心坚定者之家,
Saddhassa gharamesino;
378真实性、戒律、忍耐与布施,
Saccaṃ dammo dhiti cāgo,
379彼于来世不生忧恼;
Sa ve pecca na socati;
380且让他人尽可询问,
Iṅgha aññepi pucchassu,
381婆罗门沙门大众中。
Puthū samaṇabrāhmaṇe;
382若真法实,则应付出奉献,
Yadi saccā dhammā cāgā,
383以宽忍为重,亦更胜于刺伤。
Khantyā bhiyyodha vijjhati.
384今当如何而问,众多沙门婆罗门,
Kathaṃ nu dāni puccheyyaṃ, puthū samaṇabrāhmaṇe;
385我今日所知,究竟利益何在?
Yohaṃ ajja pajānāmi, yo attho samparāyiko.
386因世尊来临,具足仁慈方便,
Atthāya vata me buddho, vāsāyāḷavimāgamā;
387我今日所知,乃是授予之大果实。
Yohaṃ ajja pajānāmi, yattha dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ.
388我将游行,村落接村落,城镇接城镇,
So ahaṃ vicarissāmi, gāmā gāmaṃ purā puraṃ;
389一边礼敬无上正觉者,一边礼敬清净法,
Namassamāno sambuddhaṃ, dhammassa ca sudhammataṃ.
390这位少年,具足圣洁功德标志,
Imaṃ kumāraṃ satapuññalakkhaṇaṃ,
391完备庄严,所有相具足;
Sabbaṅgupetaṃ paripuṇṇabyañjanaṃ;
392我心高昂欢喜,愿将其赠予于你,
Udaggacitto sumano dadāmi te,
393承诺为护持众生利益的慧眼。
Paṭiggaha lokahitāya cakkhumāti.
394愿此少年寿命长久,
Dīghāyuko hotu ayaṃ kumāro,
395愿侍者天安乐自在;
Tuvañca yakkha sukhito bhavāhi;
396愿他无病,为众生利益而立。
Abyādhitā lokahitāya tiṭṭhatha;
397此少年依止佛、法、僧三宝。
Ayaṃ kumāro saraṇamupeti buddhaṃ…pe… dhammaṃ…pe… saṅghaṃ.
398大品相应注疏
Mahāvaggasaṃyutta aṭṭhakathā
186过去某时,世尊住于舍卫城,祇园中给孤独长者的林苑。那时长老舍利弗在摩揭陀国的那拉迦村住持病苦,遭受严重病痛。准提同修者准提(Cundo)担当舍利弗长老的侍者。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāriputto magadhesu viharati nālakagāmake ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Cundo ca samaṇuddeso āyasmato sāriputtassa upaṭṭhāko hoti.
187随后,长老舍利弗因病证得般涅槃。然后,准提同修者携带长老舍利弗的袈裟,自那拉迦村往舍卫城祇园给孤独长者的林苑。因阿难赴见世尊,准提抵达后,向长老阿难问安,随即坐于一旁。他告知阿难说:“长老舍利弗已般涅槃,这袈裟即是其遗物。”准提与世尊相会的缘由,正是为此。阿难对准提如是回答:“如是,如是。”
Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto teneva ābādhena parinibbāyi. Atha kho cundo samaṇuddeso āyasmato sāriputtassa pattacīvaramādāya yena sāvatthi jetavanaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāmo, yenā yasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho cundo samaṇuddeso āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca ‘‘āyasmā bhante sāriputto parinibbuto, idamassa pattacīvara’’nti. Atthi kho idaṃ āvuso cunda kathā pābhataṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya, āyāmāvuso cunda, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamissāma, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocessāmāti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho cundo samaṇuddeso āyasmato ānandassa paccassosi.
188佛陀们果先成阿拉汉,故称为首席弟子。
Buddhā nu kho paṭhamaṃ parinibbāyanti, udāhu aggasāvakāti.
189世尊,愿您许可,愿善逝许可。我的般涅槃时刻,我的寿命已尽。
Anujānātu me bhante bhagavā, anujānātu sugato. Parinibbāna kālo me, ossaṭṭho me āyusaṅkhāroti.
190世尊问:“舍利弗,你将在哪里般涅槃?”
Kattha parinibbāyissasi sāriputtāti.
191舍利弗答:“世尊,在摩揭陀国那兰伽村,我将在那里般涅槃。”
Atthi bhante magadhesu nālakagāme jātovarako, tatthāhaṃ parinibbāyissāmīti.
192世尊告诫舍利弗:“如今你认为时机未到,但以后对于长老和年轻比丘们,像你这样的比丘出现将难得,他们的住处就是这里的佛法。”
Yassa dāni tvaṃ sāriputta kālaṃ maññasi, idāni pana te jeṭṭhakaniṭṭha bhātikānaṃ tādisassa bhikkhuno dassanaṃ dullabhaṃ bhavissati, desehi nesaṃ dhammanti āha.
193当时长老阿难和准比丘准德,以修行者身分前往世尊所处之地,敬礼世尊后坐于一旁。长老阿难对世尊说:“世尊,此比丘准德谓‘长老舍利弗已般涅槃,得其袈裟。且谓我身如甘露之出生,四方无朋,法亦不亲近,长老舍利弗已般涅槃。’听闻如此——
Athakho āyasmā ca ānando cundo ca samaṇuddeso yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘ayaṃ bhante cundo samaṇuddeso ‘evamāha āyasmā bhante sāriputto parinibbuto, idamassa pattacīvara’nti. Apica me bhante ‘madhuraka jāto viya kāyo, disāpi me na pakkhāyanti, dhammāpi maṃ nappaṭibhanti āyasmā sāriputto parinibbuto’ti’’ sutvā–
407即使是愚钝者,智慧者,或是先见明达者,
Appakenapi medhāvī, pābhatena vicakkhaṇo;
408都能激起自身,就像细微火焰相连一样,彼此相属。
Samuṭṭhāpeti attānaṃ, aṇuṃ aggiṃva sandhamanti.
409若有比丘,历经多生,长夜漫漫五劫,
Yo pabbajī jātisatāni pañca,
410舍弃情欲,断绝爱好,
Pahāya kāmāni manoramāni;
411以无贪欲、心念坚固、诸根收摄,
Taṃvītarāgaṃ susamāhitindriyaṃ;
412如来已灭尽者,沙利迦,即应当礼敬。
Parinibbutaṃ vandatha sāriputtaṃ.
413耐心有力如同大地平稳不动,
Khantibalo pathavisamo na kuppati,
414心意无所左右无法被支配;
Nacāpi cittassa vasena vattati;
415慈悲柔和,已经圆寂者,
Anukampako kāruṇiko ca nibbuto,
416请敬礼已入般涅槃的舍利弗长老。
Parinibbutaṃ vandatha sāriputtaṃ.
417如同乞丐的儿子进入城镇,
Caṇḍālaputto yathā nagaraṃ paviṭṭho,
418卑劣无耻,手持坏棍四处游荡;
Nīcamano carati kaḷopihattho;
419如是,舍利弗住于此处,
Tathā ayaṃ viharati sāriputto,
420众人敬礼已灭尽的舍利弗。
Parinibbutaṃ vandatha sāriputtaṃ.
421犊牛如同被拔除刺矛,
Usabho yathā chinnavisāṇako,
422无挂碍地自在行走于林野旷野,
Aheṭṭhayanto carati purantare vane;
423如是,舍利弗住于此处,
Tathā ayaṃ viharati sāriputto;
424众人敬礼已灭尽者舍利弗。
Parinibbutaṃ vandatha sāriputtanti.
194比丘啊,我的身体就如同生了蜜般甘甜。
Apica me bhante madhurakajāto viya kāyo.
195阿难啊,难道那些如沙利多一样持戒的比丘,或持定之蕴的比丘,或具慧之蕴的比丘,或具解脱之蕴的比丘,或具解脱知见之蕴的比丘,都是由这些蕴而涅槃吗?
Kiṃ nukho te ānanda sāriputto sīlakkhandhaṃ vā ādāya parinibbuto, samādhikkhandhaṃ vā ādāya parinibbuto, paññākkhandhaṃ vā ādāya parinibbuto, vimuttikkhandhaṃ vā ādāya parinibbuto, vimutti ñāṇadassanakkhandhaṃ vā ādāya parinibbutoti.
196阿难啊,我确实已经用诸般深爱、意念、无分别及分别等分别,详尽诠释过了,何处能获得这句“那已生、已成、生灭、诸法无常者,切不可贪恋”?这样的立足点又从何而得呢?
Nanu taṃ ānanda mayā paṭikacceva akkhātaṃ sabbehi piyehi manā pehi nānābhāvo vinābhāvo aññathābhāvo, taṃ kutettha ānanda labbhā ‘‘yaṃ taṃ jātaṃ bhūtaṃ saṅkhataṃ palokadhammaṃ, taṃ vata māpalujjī’’ti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
428十法释
Dasakaniddesa
197这里,关于如来的立足处,从立足处及八处如实认识的知识。此处如来所知“这八处是无遗漏的,任何见解异端之人,若确有恒常之取,必生入此立场”,他由此知晓,“恒常立场乃产生于任何世人一切有为处”。
Tattha katamaṃ tathāgatassa ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Idha tathāgato ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti pajānāti, ‘‘ṭhānañca kho etaṃ vijjati yaṃ puthujjano kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato upagaccheyya ṭhānametaṃ vijjatī’’ti –
430此处为业之门,
Kammato dvārato ceva;
431亦为生命之所系;
Kappaṭṭhitiyato tathā;
432由果熟、因普遍等诸项而成;
Pākasādhāraṇādīhi;
433应当分别审察判断。
Viññātabbo vinicchayo.
198我对世尊说:贵尊所生之盗贼无力反抗,僧团当如波海般来护持,我当作海上守卫。
Mayā bhante uppanno coro na sakkā paṭibāhituṃ, saṅgho parasamuddaṃ gacchatu, ahaṃ samuddārakkhaṃ karissāmīti.
199友人大索那乘上法座,高声欢呼。
Āvuso mahāsoṇa abhiruha mahāulumpanti.
200我不愿与诸尊同行,长老虽一再劝说想让其从崇高位置受教,却无所成,遂告退。
Nāhaṃ bhante tumhesu agacchantesu gamissāmīti yāvatatiyaṃ kathetvāpi theraṃ āropetuṃ asakkontā nivattiṃsu.
201如此利益及果位已得者,因身法聚集于中立之处,陷入无依,生起忧虑而坐。
Evarūpassa nāma lābhaggayasaggappattassa sarīradhātunicayaṭṭhānaṃ anāthaṃ jātanti cintayamāno nisīdi.
202尊者说:这是人间食叶者的栖息之所,尘烟遮蔽智慧。我向长老顶礼,表示今当前往,于是至其住处。长老在这全然恐怖的时期,依止于食叶者的修行而瓦萨。
Bhante etaṃ paṇṇakhādakamanussānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ, dhūmo paññāyati, ahaṃ purato gamissāmīti theraṃ vanditvā attano bhavanaṃ agamāsi. Thero sabbampi bhayakālaṃ paṇṇakhādakamanusse nissāya vasi.
203朋友,称大索那比丘明白比丘以食为资粮,取衣披衣、整衣清扫、收起叶片之事。
Āvuso mahāsoṇa bhikkhāhāro paññāyatīti vatvā pattacīvaraṃ āropetvā cīvaraṃ pārupitvā pattaṃ nīharitvā aṭṭhāsi.
204大索那长老与五比丘群体一同,抵达圆满园林精舍,分别用九十九手掌和各自大小的饭器施予供养,人们如是说。
Mahāsoṇatthero pañcabhikkhusataparivāro maṇḍalārāmavihāraṃ patto, ekeko navahatthasāṭakena saddhiṃ ekekakahāpaṇagghanakaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ detūti manusse avocuṃ.
205无栖处者无自我真实大小,欲为佛陀侍卫,遂往祭祀场所,进行清理。
Anāyatane naṭṭhānaṃ attabhāvānaṃ pamāṇaṃ natthi, buddhānaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ karissāmīti cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ gantvā appaharitaṃ karoti.
206我们乃长者,不可预知此事将来如何,惟愿汝善护自安。
Mayaṃ tāva mahallakā, idaṃ nāma bhavissatīti na sakkā jānituṃ, tuvaṃ attānaṃ rakkheyyāsīti.
207询问:当思念如来尼拘陀长老之所应在何处乎?遂至其面前问讯。
Kahaṃ vattabbakanigrodhatthero, kahaṃ vattabbakanigrodhattheroti pucchitvā tassa santikaṃ agamaṃsu.
208何谓长老亲爱者?
Kiṃ thero piyāyatīti.
209何以称之为长老?
Kīdiso theroti.
210修习法者之眼睛湿润,心生悲悯而深思。
Dhammasakaṭassa akkho bhijjati akkho bhijjatīti paridevamāno vicari.
4478. 正勤分别
8. Sammappadhānavibhaṅga
4481. 经藏分类解释
1. Suttantabhājanīyavaṇṇanā
211四种精进法,善友啊,何谓此四?在此,善友比丘于未生起之恶不善法中,为其将生亦为导致损害而发起精进;于已生恶不善法中,为其未断亦导致损害而发起精进;于未生善法中,为其将生且能导致无损害而发起精进;于未生善法中,为其未生且能导致无损害而发起精进;于已生起善法中,为其灭尽且能导致无损害而发起精进。
Cattārome āvuso sammappadhānā. Katame cattāro. Idhāvuso bhikkhu anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti ātappaṃ karoti, uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti ātappaṃ karoti, anuppannā me kusalā dhammā anuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti ātappaṃ karoti, anuppannā me kusalā dhammā anuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti ātappaṃ karoti, uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti ātappaṃ karotīti.
212导师以极为欢喜之心而礼敬我,思忖说:“若能得花以供养者,当如何?”
Upajjhāyo me ativiya pasannacitto vandati, kiṃ nu kho pupphāni labhitvā pūjaṃ kareyyāsīti cintesi.
213问曰:“何时到来?”
‘‘Kadā āgatosīti pucchi’’
214你称呼我们为高洁圣众。
Tvaṃ amhe uccākulāti sallakkhesi.
453十六、智分别
16. Ñāṇavibhaṅga
454十、十法义释注释
10. Dasakaniddesavaṇṇanā
455于一个世界界中
Ekissā lokadhātuyā
215此地无可容身,如一世界中仅有两个阿拉汉正自觉者轮流初转法轮,却无此处可立,是人所能知晓的。
Aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso yaṃ ekissā lokadhātuyā dve arahanto sammāsambuddhā apubbaṃ acarimaṃ uppajjeyyuṃ, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatīti pajānāti.
216今世尊正入般涅槃,今法亦将湮灭,今朝我们这十方众多强大阿拉汉入灭之日,将示现更大悲悯。
Ajja satthā parinibbāyati, ajja sāsanaṃ osakkati, pacchimadassanaṃ dāni idaṃ amhākanti dasabalassa parinibbutadivasato mahantataraṃ kāruññaṃ karissanti.
217比丘,世间生一人者为奇异,人中谁是如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者?
Ekapuggalo bhikkhave loke uppajjamāno uppajjati acchariyamanusso, katamo ekapuggalo tathāgato bhikkhave arahaṃ sammāsambuddhoti.
459禅那分别
Jhānavibhaṅga
460经分别
Suttantabhājanīya
218净信起时是觉悟周全的行为者。
Abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti.
462具念且全觉者即生净信。
Sato sampajāno abhikkamati,
463念住具正知,谓之调伏。
Sato sampajāno paṭikkamatīti vuttaṃ.
219于此当晓无论有义无义,皆取义义取,谓义取即正智觉。
Kinnū me ettha gatena attho atthi natthīti atthānatthaṃ pariggahetvā atthapariggaṇhanaṃ sātthakasampajaññaṃ.
220布施亦增长正义,依此而行修行戒律者,是谓此义。
Āmisatopi vaḍḍhi atthoyeva, taṃ nissāya brahmacariyā nuggahāya paṭipannattāti vadanti.
221我出家已历数日,曾与比丘共言二事,即将事前叙,念彼日终盼殊胜事生,问曰:「沙门尊者,何事?」
Mayā pabbajitadivasato paṭṭhāya bhikkhunā saddhiṃ dvekathā nāma nakathitapubbā, aññasmiṃ divase uparivisesaṃ nibbattessāmīti cintetvā ‘‘kiṃ bhante’’ti paṭivacanaṃ adāsi.
222尊者,人间诸人谓汝等是何?眷属谓彼称父母。
Bhante ete manussā tumhākaṃ kiṃhonti, mātipakkhato sambandhā pitipakkhatoti.
223父母令人生苦难,然此众生为我等所造,饱饮衣物非为自私,思考以助我我不惧惧,似曰识鸠悉知鸠物,吾等称之助护及善德言之者行。
Āvusoyaṃ mātāpitūhipi dukkaraṃ, taṃ ete manussā amhākaṃ karonti, pattacīvarampi no etesaṃ santakameva, etesaṃ ānubhāvena neva bhaye bhayaṃ na chātake chātakaṃ jānāma, edisānāma amhākaṃ upakārino natthīti tesaṃ guṇe kathento gacchati.
224所谓业处者,是指不持有对所在之处的固着观念,入村乞食时,不逆行扰乱俗人,举止整齐安稳,饮食之后,不值此无益之行而退去。
Kammaṭṭhānaṃ nāma atthītipi saññaṃ akatvā gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisitvā ananulomikena gihisaṃsaggena saṃsaṭṭho caritvā ca bhuñjitvā ca tuccho nikkhamati.
225尊友!你们非邪恶、不惧怕、不依赖生计而出家,是为欲断苦而出家。行住坐卧时,现起烦恼即当断除。立时当断立时烦恼,坐时当断坐时烦恼,卧时当断卧时烦恼。
Āvuso tumhe na iṇaṭṭā na bhayaṭṭā na ājīvikā pakatā pabbajitā, dukkhā muccitukāmā panettha pabbajitā. Tasmā gamane uppannakilesaṃ gamaneyeva nigaṇhatha. Ṭhāne, nisajjāya, sayane uppannakilesaṃ sayaneyeva niggaṇhathāti.
226这位比丘知晓自身现起之念头,审慎不放逸,由此自励增长观慧,进入圣境。
Ayaṃ bhikkhu tuyhaṃ uppannaṃ vitakkaṃ jānāti, ananucchavikaṃ te etanti attānaṃ paṭicodetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā ariyabhūmiṃ okkamati.
227此长老反复往来,何必迷惑于修行道途,却口中胡言乱语。
Ayaṃ thero punappunaṃ nivattitvā gacchati, kiṃ nukho maggamūḷho udāhu kiñci pamuṭṭhoti samullapanti.
228这等人彼此不共语,甚至互不交谈,若不能彼此交流,必生争论。
Kinnū kho ete amheheva saddhiṃ na sallapanti udāhu añña maññampi, yadi aññamaññampi na sallapanti, addhā vivādajātā bhavissanti.
474心生异见,心亦灭绝;
Aññaṃ uppajjate cittaṃ, aññaṃ cittaṃ nirujjhati;
475地狱无间断相,犹如河水流转不断。
Avīci manusambandho, nadī sotova vattati.
229被光明照耀、注视时,能够具足正念正知。
Ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti.
230比丘们,若难达应当观照东方,须以全心全意观照,难达观照东方时,念言:『我观照东方时,贪欲、忧愁等恶不善法不生。』由是而生具义的正念正知。若难达当观照西方、北方、南方、上方、下方、旁方,也须以全心全意观照,难达观照旁方时念言:『我观照旁方时,……具足正念正知。』
Sace bhikkhave nandassa puratthimā disā āloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā nando puratthimaṃ disaṃ āloketi ‘evaṃ me puratthimaṃ disaṃ ālokayato nābhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssavissantī’ti. Itiha sātthaka sampajāno hoti. Sace bhikkhave nandassa pacchimā disā, uttarā disā, dakkhiṇā disā, uddhaṃ, adho, anudisā anuviloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetasā samannāharitvā nando anudisaṃ anuviloketi ‘evaṃ me anudisaṃ anuvilokayato…pe… sampajāno hotīti….
478心所念现的状况显现,所见所取入三摩地;
Bhavaṅgā vajjanañceva, dassanaṃ sampaṭicchanaṃ;
479清净与圆满之念形成禅那之果;
Santīraṇaṃ voṭṭhabbanaṃ, javanaṃ bhavati sattamaṃ.
231内心安稳并扩展,保持正念正知。
Samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti.
232『弯曲时击打』者,即弯曲与伸展膝关节也。
Samiñjite pahāriteti pabbānaṃ samiñjana pasāraṇe.
233何以尊者?突然以手收摄,然后又如原处放回,逐渐渐进地收摄。此法显示收摄非一蹴而就,须渐进而行。
Kasmā bhante sahasā hatthaṃ samiñjitvā puna yathāṭhāne ṭhapetvā saṇikaṃ samiñjitthāti.
234因我等同学初起意趣于修行处所用心观照前,未曾放下所修行处手而先行收摄;如今诸汝共言放下修行处手后再收摄,故复如原位放置而收摄已。
Yato paṭṭhāya mayā āvuso kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikātuṃ āraddho, na me kammaṭṭhānaṃ muñjitvā hattho samiñjitapubbo, idāni pana me tumhehi saddhiṃ kathayamānena kammaṭṭhānaṃ muñcitvā samiñjito, tasmā puna yathā ṭhāne ṭhapetvā samiñjesinti.
235善哉尊者,此乃比丘应当如是而成就。
Sādhu bhante bhikkhunā nāma evarūpena bhavitabbanti.
236于穿着僧袍、受持衣物时,应具足正念正知而行。
Saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti.
486《人施设》注疏
Puggalapaññattiaṭṭhakathā
487一法解说
Ekakaniddesa
237何谓『时间解脱者』?彼中有一人随顺时间之际,于某时刻得见,于时得解脱,身体得触诸法而行。如是之人名为时间解脱者,有些见智慧,而其余烦恼皆已尽除。
Katamo ca puggalo samayavimutto, idhekacco puggalo kālena kālaṃ samayena samayaṃ aṭṭha vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo samayavimutto.
489非时解脱
Asamayavimutta
238何者谓人不受时节束缚者?有此人,非也,彼不随时节逐刻遨游,然于时机解脱时,身触清净,智慧见证其内染尽除。此谓人不受时节束缚也。所有圣者,于圣解脱中悉皆不受时节束缚。
Katamo ca puggalo asamayavimutto, idhekacco puggalo naheva kho kālena kālaṃ samayena samayaṃ aṭṭhavimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā honti. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo asamayavimutto. Sabbepi ariya puggalā ariye vimokkhe asamayavimuttā.
491动与不动解说
Kuppākuppaniddesa
239何者谓人有恶业?此有一人,虽获色界或无色界成就,然彼非贪得成就,非断除成就,非无限成就,非愿得愿弃成就。若其有得,亦为堕落,因其疏忽,成就则堕落。此谓人有恶业。
Katamo ca puggalo kuppadhammo, idhekacco puggalo lābhī hoti rūpasahagatānaṃ vā arūpasahagatānaṃ vā samāpattīnaṃ, so ca kho na nikāmalābhī hoti na akicchalābhī na akasira lābhī, na yatthicchakaṃ yadicchakaṃ yāvaticchakaṃ samāpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi, ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjhati, yaṃ tassa puggalassa pamādamāgamma tā samāpattiyo kuppeyyuṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo kuppadhammo.
493极七返预流者
Sattakkhattuparama sotāpanna
240何者谓人超七生者?此有一人,断除三结,成为初果阿拉汉,性不改变,坚决求悟,历七生会天人与人间,行转轮圣王所行,令苦尽灭。此谓人超七生。
Katamo ca puggalo sattakkhattuparamo, idhekacco puggalo tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipāta dhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo, so sattakkhattuṃ deve ca mānuse ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo sattakkhattuparamo.
495预流意向
Sotāpanna adhippāyya
241声即为声,舍利弗此谓听闻之音。何为听闻?乃圣八正道之声也。举例谓:正见……至正定。初果即为初果,舍利弗此谓初果,缘圣八正道具足,故名初果,自称者云是名。如是……
Soto sototi hidaṃ sāriputta vuccati, katamo nukho sāriputta sototi. Ayameva hi bhante ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo soto. Seyyathidaṃ, sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhīti. Sotāpanno sotāpannoti hidaṃ sāriputta vuccati, katamo nukho sāriputta sotāpannoti. Yo hi bhante iminā ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena samannāgato, ayaṃ vuccati sotāpanno, svāyaṃ āyasmā evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto iti vāti, itivā….
497家家预流者
Kolaṃ kola sotāpanna
242何者谓人族多?此有一人,断三结,成为初果,性不变,坚求觉悟,历二族或三族,人天交往,令苦尽灭。此谓人族多。
Katamo ca puggalo kolaṃ kolo. Idhekacco puggalo tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo, so dve vā tīṇi vā kulāni sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti, ayaṃ vuccati kolaṃ kolo.
499一种子入流者
Ekabījī sotāpanna
243何者谓人一种子?此有一人,断三结,成为初果,性不变,坚求觉悟,于某一人间界归灭苦尽。此谓人一种子。
Katamo ca puggalo ekabījī, idhekacco puggalo tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo, so ekaṃyeva mānusakaṃ bhavaṃ nibbattetvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti, ayaṃ vuccati puggalo ekabījī.
501一来者的解说
Sakadāgāminiddesa
244何等人是须往来果比丘?于此谓之何如比丘者,彼于三结缚断尽之时,除却贪嗔痴,乃至断除烦恼,乃成为须往来果。只有此人,往至此世,断除苦恼。此人谓为须往来果比丘。
Katamo ca puggalo sakadāgāmī, idhe kacco puggalo tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti. Ayaṃ vuccati puggalo sakadāgāmī.