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有偈品部

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1礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa
2经藏
Suttantapiṭaka
3相应部中
Saṃyuttanikāye
4有偈品
Sagāthāvaggapāḷi
5结集的问答
Saṃgāyanassa pucchā vissajjanā
1问:贤友们,在第一次大结集时,结集法的大迦叶等诸大长老、古结集者们,先结集了律藏,接着结集经藏;在结集了长部与中部之后,接着结集的圣教名为什么?
Pucchā – paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle āvuso dhammasaṃgāhakā mahākassapādayo mahātheravarā porāṇasaṃgītikārā paṭhamaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ saṃgāyitvā tadanantaraṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ saṃgāyantā dīghanikāyañca majjhimanikāyañca saṃgāyitvā tadanantaraṃ kiṃnāma pāvacanaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
2答:尊者,在第一次大结集时,结集法的诸长老——大迦叶等古大长老们,先结集了律藏,再结集经藏。他们结集了长部与中部之后,接着结集名为相应部的圣教。该圣教由七千七百六十二经庄严而成,计一百诵分。
Vissajjanā – paṭhamamahāsaṃgītikāle bhante dhammasaṃgāhakā mahākassapādayo porāṇatheravarā paṭhamaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ saṃgāyitvā tadanantaraṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ saṃgāyantā dīghanikāyañca majjhimanikāyañca saṃgāyitvā tadanantaraṃ sattahi ca suttasahassehi sattahi ca suttasatehi dvāsaṭṭhiyā ca suttehi paṭimaṇḍitaṃ bhāṇavārasataparimāṇaṃ saṃyuttanikāyaṃ nāma pāvacanaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
3问:贤友,相应部中有偈品、因缘品、蕴品、六处品、大品等五相应集,他们最先结集的,是其中哪一相应集?
Pucchā – saṃyuttanikāye ca āvuso sagāthāvaggo nidānavaggo khandhavaggo saḷāyatanavaggo mahāvaggoti pañcasaṃyuttappakaraṇāni, tesu paṭhamaṃ kataraṃ saṃyuttappakaraṇaṃ te saṃgāyiṃsu.
4答:尊者,在五相应集中,他们最先结集的是有偈品相应集。
Vissajjanā – pañcasu bhante saṃyuttappakaraṇesu paṭhamaṃ sagāthāvaggasaṃyuttappakaraṇaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
5贤友,有偈品中依天相应等共有十一相应,他们最先结集的是哪一相应?
Pucchā – sagāthāvaggepi āvuso devatāsaṃyuttādivasena ekādasasaṃyuttāni, tesu paṭhamaṃ kataraṃ saṃyuttaṃ te saṃgāyiṃsu.
6尊者,在十一相应中,他们最先结集的是天相应。
Vissajjanā – ekādasasu bhante saṃyuttesu paṭhamaṃ devatāsaṃyuttaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
7贤友,天相应中有《芦苇品》等八品,及《渡暴流经》等八十一经。他们最先结集的是哪一品、哪一经?
Pucchā – devatāsaṃyuttepi āvuso naḷavaggādayo aṭṭha vaggā, oghataraṇasuttādīni ca ekāsīti suttāni, tesu paṭhamaṃ kataraṃ vaggaṃ katarañca suttaṃ sagāyiṃsu.
8答:诸位尊者,在八品之中,以那罗品为首;在九十二经之中,以《渡瀑流经》为初,他们作了如此结集。
Vissajjanā – aṭṭhasu bhante vaggesu paṭhamaṃ naḷavaggaṃ ekāsītiyā ca suttesu paṭhamaṃ oghataraṇasuttaṃ saṃgāyiṃsu.
9善哉,善哉,贤友!从此处开始,我等亦以结集为先,来着手进行发问与作答之事。
Sādhu sādhu āvuso, mayampi dāni tatoyeva paṭṭhāya saṃgītipubbaṅgamāni pucchanavissajjanakiccāni āvahituṃ samārabhāra.
10《天众相应》
Devatāsaṃyutta
16渡瀑流经
Oghataraṇasutta
11问:贤友,由知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者的世尊所宣说的《渡瀑流经》,是在何处、依何人、于何事中、如何宣说?
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena oghataraṇasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
12答:尊者,在舍卫城,依某位天人而说。尊者,某位天人在后夜时分,以殊妙容光遍照整座祇树林,来到世尊所在处。到已,顶礼世尊,立于一旁。立于一旁后,那位天人便对世尊这样说道:“尊者,您是如何渡过瀑流的呢?”
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante aññataraṃ devataṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, aññatarā bhante devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi, ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘kathaṃ nu tvaṃ mārisa oghamatarī’’ti,
13尊者,于彼事中,世尊如是说:“贤友,我不住立、不奋力而渡过了瀑流。”
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘apatiṭṭhaṃ khvāhaṃ āvuso anāyūhaṃ oghamatariṃ’’ti, evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
20流逝经
Accentisutta
14问:贤友,流逝经是世尊在何处、依何人、因何事、如何宣说的呢?
Pucchā – accentisuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
15答:尊者,在舍卫城,依某位天人而宣说。尊者,某位天人对世尊这样说:
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante aññataraṃ devataṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Aññatarā bhante devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–
16时节流逝,昼夜飞度,
‘‘Accenti kālā tarayanti rattiyo,
17生命的活力渐次舍弃,
Vayoguṇā anupubbaṃ jahanti,
18于死亡中观察到这一恐惧之后,
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
19应当修习能带来安乐的福德。
Puññāni kayirātha sukhāvahānī’’ti–
20尊者,关于那件事——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ –
21时光流逝,昼夜飞驰,
‘‘Accenti kālā tarayanti rattiyo,
22青春之德渐次舍离,
Vayoguṇā anupubbaṃ jahanti,
23观察到死亡中的此怖畏后,
Etaṃ bhayaṃ maraṇe pekkhamāno,
24应舍弃世间利养,希求寂静。
Lokāmisaṃ pajahe santipekkho’’ti –
25如是,尊者,此乃世尊所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
33矛经
Sattisutta
26贤友,那么《矛经》是世尊在何处、针对谁、因何事缘、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – sattisuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
27答:尊者,是在舍卫城,针对一位天神而宣说的。尊者,有一位天神对世尊这样说——
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante aññataraṃ devataṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, aññatarā bhante devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–
28犹如被矛刺中,犹如头顶炽燃;
‘‘Sattiyā viya omaṭṭho, ḍayhamānova matthake;
29为断除欲贪,具念比丘应游行。
Kāmarāgappahānāya, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti–
30尊者,在那件事中——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
31犹如被矛刺穿,犹如头顶燃烧;
Sattiyā viya omaṭṭho ḍayhamānova matthake;
32为断除有身见,具念的比丘应当游行。
Sakkāyadiṭṭhippahānāya, sato bhikkhu paribbajeti;
33诚然,世尊作如是说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
34犹如被矛刺穿,犹如头顶燃烧。
Sattiyā viya omaṭṭho, ḍayhamānova matthake;
35为了断除欲贪,具念的比丘应当游行——
Kāmarāgappahānāya, sato bhikkhu paribbaje –
36犹如被矛刺穿,仿佛头顶在燃烧,
Sattiyā viya omaṭṭho, ḍayhamānova matthake,
37为了断除有身见,具念的比丘应当游行——
Sakkāyadiṭṭhippamānāya, sato bhikkhu paribbaje –
46结发经
Jaṭāsutta
38问:“尊者,《结发经》是世尊在何处、为谁、以何因缘、如何宣说的?”
Pucchā – jaṭāsuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
39答:“尊者,在舍卫城,为某位天神而宣说。尊者,那时有一位天神对世尊这样说——”
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante aññataraṃ devataṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ, aññatarā bhante devatā bhavagantaṃ etadavoca–
40内有结,外有结,众生为结所缠缚。
‘‘Anto jaṭā bahijaṭā, jaṭāya jaṭitā pajā;
41乔达摩,我以此问您:谁能解开这结缚?
Taṃ taṃ gotama pucchāmi, ko imaṃ vijaṭaye jaṭa’’nti–
42尊者,就此事件——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ –
43有慧之人,立足于戒,修习心与慧;
Sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño, cittaṃ paññañca bhāvayaṃ;
44精勤而明智的比丘,能解开此结缚。
Ātāpī nipako bhikkhu, so imaṃ vijaṭaye jaṭaṃ.
45那些贪、嗔、无明已灭尽者;
Yesaṃ rāgo ca doso ca, avijjā ca virājitā;
46漏尽者、阿拉汉,他们的结缚已解开。
Khīṇāsavā arahanto, tesaṃ vijaṭitā jaṭāti;
47尊者,世尊如此说道。
Evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
48具慧之人立足于戒,修习心与慧;
Sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño, cittaṃ paññañca bhāvayaṃ;
49精勤、明智的比丘,他能解开此缠结——
Ātāpī nipako bhikkhu, so imaṃ vijaṭaye jaṭaṃ–
50那些已褪尽贪、嗔与无明的人,
Yesaṃ rāgo ca doso ca, avijjā ca virājitā;
51漏尽者、阿罗汉,他们的缠结已解开——
Khīṇāsavā arahanto, tesaṃ vijaṭitā jaṭā–
52在那里,名与色无余灭尽。
Yattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;
53感官的冲击与色想,此结缚即在此处被断除。
Paṭighaṃ rūpasaññā ca, etthesā chijjate jaṭā.
63天女经
Accharāsutta
54问:尊者,天女经是世尊在何处、缘于何人、以何事为因缘、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – accharāsuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
55答:尊者,是在舍卫城,针对某位天子而说。尊者,某位天子对世尊这样说道:
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante aññataraṃ devaputtaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Aññataro bhante devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–
56天女群集簇拥,为鬼众所侍奉,
‘‘Accharāgaṇasaṅghaṭṭhaṃ, pisāca gaṇasevitaṃ;
57名为迷惑的森林,如何得以通行?’
Vanantaṃ mohanaṃ nāma, kathaṃ yātrā bhavissatī’’ti.
58尊者,就那件事而言:
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
59那条道路名为正直,那个方向名为无畏,
‘‘Ujuko nāma so maggo, abhayā nāma sā disā,
60那车名为无声,以法轮联结。
Ratho akūjano nāma, dhammacakkehi saṃyuto.
61惭为挡板,念为围护;
Hirī tassa apālambo, satyassa parivāraṇaṃ;
62我称法为御者,以正见为前导。
Dhammāhaṃ sārathiṃ brūmi, sammādiṭṭhi purejavaṃ.
63任何女人或男人,若拥有这样的车乘;
Yassa etādisaṃ yānaṃ, itthiyā purisassa vā;
64他确实凭借此车乘,抵达涅槃的近处。
Sa ve etena yānena, nibbānasseva santike’’ti.
65确实,尊者!世尊如此宣说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
66为天女群所喧闹,为鬼魅群所依附;
Accharāgaṇasaṅghuṭṭhaṃ , pisācagaṇasevitaṃ;
67名为“迷惑”的森林,如何通行?
Vanantaṃ mohanaṃ nāma, kathaṃ yātrā bhavissati–
78老经
Jarāsutta
68问:贤友,世尊在何处、为谁、以何事缘、如何宣说《老经》?
Pucchā – jarāsuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
69答:贤友,在舍卫城,为某位天女而宣说。贤友,曾有某位天女对世尊这样说:
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante aññataraṃ devataṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Aññatarā bhante devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–
70什么直至衰老仍是好的?什么善能安立稳固?
‘‘Kiṃ su yāva jarā sādhu, kiṃ su sādhu patiṭṭhitaṃ;
71何者为人中之宝?何事盗贼最难夺?
Kiṃ su narānaṃ ratanaṃ, kiṃ su corehi dūhara’’nti.
72于此尊者所问之事中:
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
73戒行乃至衰老皆为善,信心安立即为善;
‘‘Sīlaṃ yāva jarā sādhu, saddhā sādhu patiṭṭhitā;
74智慧是人的珍宝,福德则是盗贼难以夺走之物。
Paññā narānaṃ ratanaṃ, puññaṃ corehi dūhara’’nti.
75尊者,这便是世尊所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
76什么直至衰老都是善的?
Kiṃ su yāva jarā sādhu.
77何等为善,已得安立稳固?
Kiṃ su sādhu patiṭṭhitaṃ.
78何等为众生之宝?
Kiṃ su narānaṃ ratanaṃ.
79何等为盗贼难夺之物?
Kiṃ su corehi dūharaṃ.
80天子相应
Devaputtasaṃyutta
92善梵天经
Subrahmasutta
81问:贤友,由世尊——知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者——所宣说的《须梵摩经》,是在何处、针对何人、以何事为因缘而说?又,在那里的闻法者,听闻正法后获得了怎样的利益?
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena subrahmasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ katañca bhāsitaṃ. Kīdiso ca tattha dhammapaṭiggāhakassa dhammassavanānisaṃso adhigato.
82回答:贤友,此经是于王舍城,针对须梵摩天子而说。贤友,须梵摩天子因为畏惧死亡,来到世尊跟前,这样说道:
Vissajjanā – rājagahe bhante subrahmadevaputtaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Subrahmā bhante devaputto maraṇabhayabhīto bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca–
83此心常怀恐惧,此意常怀不安;
‘‘Niccaṃ utrastamidaṃ cittaṃ, niccaṃ ubbiggamidaṃ mano;
84于未生之苦难,以及已生之苦难;
Anuppannesu kicchesu, atho uppatitesu ca;
85若有不惊恐者,请为我开示——我已向您请教。”
Sace atthi anutrastaṃ, taṃ me akkhāhi pucchito’’ti–
86尊者,关于那件事。
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ.
87非由觉悟与苦行,非由根律仪,
‘‘Nāññatra bojjā tapasā, nāññatrindriyasaṃvarā;
88非由全然舍弃,我不见众生有安乐。
Nāññatra sabbanissaggā, sotthiṃ passāmi pāṇina’’nti.
89世尊如是说。说法结束时,梵天子苏梵天即于其座,生起离垢无垢的法眼:“凡任何集起之法,彼一切皆是灭法。”
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ. Desanāpariyosāne ca bhante subrahmassa devaputtassa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi, ‘‘yaṃkiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti.
90此心常惊恐,此意恒战栗;
Niccaṃ utrastamidaṃ cittaṃ, niccaṃ ubbiggamidaṃ mano;
91于未生之苦,与已生之苦;
Anuppannesu kicchesu, atho uppatitesu ca;
92若有离惊畏者,我今问汝,请告我知——
Sace atthi anutrasta, taṃ me akkhāhi pucchito-hu–
93离觉悟与苦行之外,离根律仪之外;
Nāññatra bojjā tapasā, nāññatrindriyasaṃvarā;
94离一切舍离之外,于诸有情,我不见安稳——
Nāññatra sabbanissaggā, sotthiṃ passāmi pāṇinaṃ–
107《 Rohitassa经》
Rohitassasutta
95问:“贤友,世尊所说的《Rohitassa经》,是在何处、关于何人、因何事、如何宣说的?”
Pucchā – rohitassasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
96答:“这是在舍卫城,世尊针对罗希塔天子而说的。尊者,罗希塔天子问世尊说:‘尊者,那无生、无老、无死、无没、无再生之处,能否通过行走了知、见到或到达世界的尽头呢?’世尊就此说:‘贤友,那无生、无老、无死、无没、无再生之处,我说不能通过行走了知、见到或到达世界的尽头。’等等。”
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante rohitassaṃ devaputtaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Rohitasso bhante devaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘yattha nu kho bhante na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, sakkā nu kho so bhante gamanena lokassa anto ñātuṃ vā daṭṭhuṃ vā pāpuṇituṃ vā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘yattha kho āvuso na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, nāhaṃ taṃ gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ aṭṭheyyaṃ patteyyanti vadāmī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
97憍萨罗相应
Kosalasaṃyutta
111少年经
Daharasutta
98问:尊者,少年经是世尊于何处、针对何人、为何事、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – daharasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
99答:尊者,这是于舍卫城,针对憍萨罗国王波斯匿而说的。尊者,憍萨罗国王波斯匿来到世尊处,相互问候后,退坐一面。尊者,退坐一面的憍萨罗国王波斯匿这样对世尊说:‘乔达摩尊者也自称已证得无上正等正觉吗?’尊者,关于此事,世尊如是说:‘大王,若有人正确地说“已证得无上正等正觉”,那正是对我正确地说。’等等。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante rājānaṃ pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Rājā bhante pasenadi kosalo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho bhante rājā pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘bhavampi no gotamo ‘anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti paṭijānātī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘yañhi taṃ mahārāja sammā vadamānovadeyya ‘anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti , mameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyyā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
100是故,智者善观己利;
Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, sampassaṃ atthamattano;
101蛇、火、声名显赫的刹帝利,
Bhujaṅgamaṃ pāvakañca, khattiyañca yasassinaṃ;
102以及具足戒行的比丘,都应如理对待。
Bhikkhuñca sīlasampannaṃ, sammadeva samācare–
117自护经
Attarakkhitasutta
103问:尊者,世尊于何处、针对何人、因何事、以何方式宣说了《自护经》?
Pucchā – attarakkhitasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
104答:尊者,这是于舍卫城,针对憍萨罗王波斯匿而说的。尊者,憍萨罗王波斯匿前往世尊处,说了这样的话:‘尊者,我在此独自静处时,心中生起这样的思惟……’等等。尊者,世尊便这样分析道:‘正是如此,大王,正是如此,大王。’等等。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante rājānaṃyeva pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Rājā bhante pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘idha mayhaṃ bhante rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādī’’ti evamādikaṃ vacanaṃ avoca. Bhagavā ca bhante evametaṃ mahārāja evametaṃ mahārājāti evamādinā vibhajitvā bhāsitaṃ.
105善于防护身,善于防护语;
Kāyena saṃvaro sādhu, sādhu vācāya saṃvaro;
106善于防护意,善于在一切处防护;
Manasā saṃvaro sādhu, sādhu, sabbattha saṃvaro;
107处处自制、有惭耻者,即称为守护者。
Sabbattha saṃvuto lajjī, rakkhitoti pavuccati.
123少经
Appakasutta
108问:贤友,《少经》是世尊在何处、针对谁、基于什么事由、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – appakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
109解答:尊者,这部经是在舍卫城,针对拘萨罗国王波斯匿而宣说的。尊者,拘萨罗国王波斯匿来到世尊处,这样说道:“世尊,我在此独处静坐时,心中生起这样的思惟:世间那些获得了极为丰盛的财富之后,既不沉湎、也不放逸、不陷于欲贪的众生,实在稀少。”他说了这样的内容。尊者,于是世尊以“正是如此,大王,正是如此,大王”等语宣说了《少经》。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante rājānaṃyeva pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Rājā bhante pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘idha mayhaṃ bhante rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi appakā te sattā lokasmiṃ, ye uḷāre uḷāre bhoge labhitvā na ceva majjanti na ca pamajjanti, na ca kāmesu gedhaṃ āpajjantī’’ti evamādikaṃ vacanaṃ avoca. Bhagavā ca bhante ‘‘evametaṃ mahārāja evametaṃ mahārājā’’ti evamādinā appakasuttaṃ bhāsitaṃ.
126末利迦经
Mallikāsutta
110贤友,世尊于何处、对谁、以何事为缘、如何宣说《末利迦经》?
Pucchā – mallikāsuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
111答:尊者,此经于舍卫城,就拘萨罗国的波斯匿王而说。尊者,拘萨罗国的波斯匿王曾对末利迦王后说:“末利迦,可有任何人比你自己更可爱?”尊者,以此事为缘,世尊以“以心遍寻一切方所”等语宣说了此经。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante rājānaṃyeva pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Rājā bhante pasenadi kosalo mallikaṃ deviṃ etadavoca ‘‘atthi nu kho te mallike kocañño attanā piyataro’’ti. Tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ sabbādisā anuparigamma cetasāti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
112以心遍寻一切方所,从未在任何处找到比自己更可爱者。如此,每个自我对他人也是可爱的,因此,爱自我者不应伤害他人。
Sabbā disā anuparigamma cetasā, nevajjhagā piyataramattanā kvaci. Evaṃ piyo puthu attā paresaṃ, tasmā na hiṃse paramattakāmo–
130七结发行者经
Sattajaṭilasutta
113问:贤友,世尊……正自觉者所宣说的《七结发行者经》,是在何处、关于何人、因何事由、如何宣说的呢?
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena sattajaṭilasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
114解答:尊者,于舍卫城,针对拘萨罗国王波斯匿而宣说。尊者,拘萨罗国王波斯匿在七位结发行者、七位尼乾陀、七位裸行者、七位一衣者、七位游行者离去后不久,来至世尊处,顶礼世尊后,退坐一面。尊者,退坐一面后,拘萨罗国王波斯匿对世尊这样说:“尊者,世间那些是阿罗汉或已入阿罗汉道者,这些人可在其中吗?”尊者,在此事由中,世尊以“大王,你作为在家者、享受欲乐者、住于子女拥挤的床铺、享用迦尸檀香、佩戴花鬘香粉涂香、受用金银,是很难知道‘这些是阿罗汉,这些已入阿罗汉道’的”等语,宣说了此经。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante rājānaṃ pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Rājā bhante pasenadi kosalo acirapakkantesu sattasu ca jaṭilesu sattasu ca nigaṇṭhesu sattasu ca acelakesu sattasu ca ekasāṭakesu sattasu ca paribbājakesu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho bhante rājā pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘ye te bhante loke arahanto vā arahattamaggaṃ vā samāpannā, ete tesaṃ aññatarā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘dujjānaṃ kho etaṃ mahārāja tayā gihinā kāmabhoginā puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasantena kāsiṇacandanaṃ paccanubhontena mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārayantena jātarūparajataṃ sādiyantena ‘‘ime vā arahanto, ime vā arahattamaggaṃ samāpannā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
115人不可仅凭容貌与肤色而轻易了解,也不可因短暂相见而信赖。
Na vaṇṇarūpena naro sujāno, na vissase ittaradassanena;
116善自制者与不自制者,皆以同样的形貌行于此世间。
Susaññatānañhi viyañjanena, asaññatā lokamimaṃ caranti.
117他们如同泥制的耳环,又如镀了金的半文铜钱;
Patirūpako mattikākuṇḍalova, lohaḍḍhamāsova suvaṇṇachanno;
118他们以随从作掩饰行于世间,内里不净,外表却光彩照人。
Caranti loke parivārachannā, anto asuddhā bahisobhamānā-hū
137五王经
Pañcarājasutta
119问:贤友,世尊是在何处、针对何人、以何事为缘起而宣说这部《五王经》的?又是如何宣说的?
Pucchā – pañcarājasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
120答:贤友,此经是世尊在舍卫城,针对憍萨罗国波斯匿王而宣说的。憍萨罗国波斯匿王曾问世尊:“诸欲中何者为最?”正是以此事为缘起,世尊以“大王,我说五欲功德中,以悦意为边际者是最上的”等语这般宣说。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante rājānaṃyeva pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Rājā bhante pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhante kāmānaṃ agga’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘manāpapariyantaṃ khvāhaṃ mahārāja pañcasu kāmaguṇesu agganti vadāmī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
121贤友,那时我们五位国王正具足、享受五种欲功德,彼此之间生起了这样的谈论:“诸欲中何者为最?”
Idha bhante amhākaṃ pañcannaṃ rājūnaṃ pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitānaṃ samaṅgībhūtānaṃ paricārayamānānaṃ ayamantarākathā udapādiṃ ‘kiṃ nu kho kāmānaṃ agga’nti–
122犹如芬芳的白莲花,于清晨绽放,香气不散;且看那辉耀者光芒四射,如烈日当空照耀。
Padumaṃ yathā kokanadaṃ sugandhaṃ, pāto siyā phullamavītagandhaṃ. Aṅgīrasaṃ passa virocamānaṃ, tapantamādiccamivantalikkhe–
142第二无子经
Dutiyaaputtakasutta
123问:贤友,这部《第二无子经》是世尊在何处、对何人、以何事为缘、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – dutiyaaputtakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
124答:贤友,此经在舍卫城,针对憍萨罗国波斯匿王而宣说。贤友,憍萨罗国波斯匿王前往世尊处,这样说道:“贤友,舍卫城有一位富豪居士命终,我将他无子的财产没收,运到王宫后前来。”世尊则说道:“大王,确是如此,大王,确是如此。大王,过去那位富豪居士曾以食物供养一位名叫塔迦罗尸弃的独觉佛。”世尊以这些话语引出该富豪居士的过去因缘后,于结尾宣说了四首偈颂。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante rājānaṃyeva pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Rājā bhante pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘idha bhante sāvatthiyaṃ seṭṭhi gahapati kālaṅkato, tamahaṃ aputtakaṃ sāpateyyaṃ rājantepuraṃ atiharitvā āgacchāmī’’ti evamādikaṃ vacanaṃ avoca. Bhagavā ca bhante ‘‘evametaṃ mahārāja, evametaṃ mahārāja, bhūtapubbaṃ so mahārāja seṭṭhi gahapati taggarasikhiṃ nāma paccekasambuddhaṃ piṇḍapātena paṭipādesī’’ti evamādinā tassa seṭṭhissa gahapatissa atītaṃ vatthuṃ āharitvā pariyosāne catūhi gāthāhi bhāsitaṃ.
125谷物、钱财、银、金,以及任何所拥有的财物,
Dhaññaṃ dhanaṃ rajataṃ jātarūpaṃ, pariggahaṃ vāpi yadatthi kiñci,
126奴仆、佣工、差役,以及所有依他而活的人;
Dāsā kammakarā pessā, ye cassa anujīvino.
127这一切都无法带走,一切都必须舍弃而离去——
Sabbaṃ nādāya gantabbaṃ, sabbaṃ nikkhippagāminaṃ;
128凡以身、语、意所造之业,
Yañca karoti kāyena, vācāya udacetasā.
129那业确属他自身,他携此业而去;
Tañhi tassa sakaṃ hoti, taṃva ādāya gacchati;
130那业追随于他,如影永不分离。
Taṃvassa anugaṃ hoti, chāyāva anapāyinī.
131因此应当行善,积集来世的资粮;
Tasmā kareyya kalyāṇaṃ, nicayaṃ samparāyikaṃ;
132功德在他世,成为有情的依怙——
Puññāni paralokasmiṃ, patiṭṭhā honti pāṇinaṃ –
133魔相应
Mārasaṃyutta
154苦行业经
Tapokammasutta
134问:‘苦行业经’,贤友,是世尊、胜者在何处、因何人、依何事、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – tapokammasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā jinena kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
135答:‘苦行业经’,贤友,是世尊在优楼频螺,因恶魔波旬而说。贤友,恶魔波旬来到世尊面前,以偈颂说:
Vissajjanā – uruvelāyaṃ bhante māraṃ pāpimantaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā gāthāya ajjhabhāsi.
136‘舍离苦行,那些年轻人以此而得清净;’
‘‘Tapokammā apakkamma, yena sujjhanti māṇavā;
137不净者自谓清净,已乖清净正道。
Asuddho maññasi suddho, suddhimaggā aparaddho’’ti.
138尊者,此事既明,今当更说——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
139了知一切无益苦行,皆非不死之正道;
‘‘Anattasaṃhitaṃ ñatvā, yaṃ kiñci amaraṃ tapaṃ;
140一切皆无所得,犹如法之桨与舵。
Sabbaṃ natthāvahaṃ hoti, phiyārittaṃva dhammani;
141修习戒、定、慧,为觉悟而修此道。
Sīlaṃ samādhi paññañca, maggaṃ bodhāya bhāvayaṃ;
142我已证得最上清净,你已被击败,死神啊。
Pattosmi paramaṃ suddhiṃ, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
143尊者,世尊、胜者确实如此说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā jinena bhāsitaṃ.
144那些年轻人背离苦行,便不得清净;
Tapokammā apakkamma, ye na sujjhanti māṇavā;
145你本不清净却自以为清净,已偏离了清净之道——
Asuddho maññasi suddho, suddhimaggā aparaddho–
146了知这无益的、所谓不死的苦行;
Anatthasaṃhitaṃ utvā, yaṃkiñci amaraṃ tapaṃ;
147一切皆无所得,犹如法中的桨与舵;
Sabbaṃ natthāvahaṃ hoti, phiyārittaṃva dhammani;
169象王色经
Hatthirājavaṇṇasutta
148问:尊者,《象王色经》是佛陀于何处、为谁、以何事为缘、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – hatthirājavaṇṇasuttaṃ panāvuso bhavagatā jinena kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
149答:尊者,这是在优楼频螺,针对恶魔波旬而说。尊者,恶魔波旬想要令世尊生起恐惧、惊慌、身毛竖立,便化现出巨大的象王形色,向世尊靠近。
Vissajjanā – uruvelāyaṃ bhante mārakaṃyeva pāpimantaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo mahantaṃ hatthirājavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami.
150尊者,正是在那件事中——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
151“在漫长的轮回流转中,你曾造作或妙或劣的种种形色;
‘‘Saṃsaraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, vaṇṇaṃ katvā subhāsubhaṃ;
152波旬,你这些伎俩已经够了!你已被击败,死神啊。
Alaṃ te tena pāpima, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
153尊者,世尊、胜者正是如此宣说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā jinena bhāsitaṃ.
154在漫长的轮回流转中,你曾造作了种种美妙与丑陋的形色,
Saṃsaraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, vaṇṇaṃ katvā subhāsubhaṃ,
155够了,波旬!以此伎俩,你已被击败,死神啊。
Alaṃ te tena pāpima, nihato tvamasi antaka –
156比丘尼相应。
Bhikkhunīsaṃyutta
179阿拉维咖经
Āḷavikāsutta
157问:尊者,现在我要请问《比丘尼相应》,那是世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者的女弟子长老尼们所……
Pucchā – idāni āvuso bhikkhunī saṃyuttaṃ pucchāmi, yaṃ tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sāvikāhi therīhi attano
158这是阐明佛陀教法如实功德后所说。尊者,此经最初由大迦叶等古代结集法的上座长老们所结集——《阿罗毗迦经》。此经是在何处、为谁、依何因缘、由谁、如何说出的?
Ca buddhasāsanassa ca yathābhūtaṃ guṇaṃ pakāsetvā bhāsitaṃ. Tatthāvuso paṭhamaṃ porāṇakehi mahākassapādīhi dhammasaṃgāhakehi theravarehi saṃgītaṃ āḷavikāsuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
159答:尊者,在舍卫城,关于魔王波旬,由阿罗毗迦比丘尼所说。尊者,魔王波旬欲使阿罗毗迦比丘尼生起恐怖、战栗、身毛竖立,欲令她舍离独处,便以偈颂对阿罗毗迦比丘尼说:
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante māraṃ pāpimantaṃ ārabbha āḷavikāya bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā āḷavikāya bhikkhuniyā bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo vivekamhā cāvetukāmo āḷavikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
160「世间无出离,你行远离为何求?」
‘‘Natthi nissaraṇaṃ loke, kiṃ vivekena kāhasi;
161享乐于欲乐吧,莫作日后追悔之人!
Bhuñjassa kāmaratiyo, māhu pacchānutāpinī’’ti.
162尊者,于此事中——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
163世间有出离,我以智慧善触证;
‘‘Atthi nissaraṇaṃ loke, paññāya me suphussitaṃ;
164放逸之伴波旬,你不知此境界;
Pamattabandhu pāpima, na tvaṃ jānāsi taṃ padaṃ;
165诸欲如矛刺,诸蕴如刑桩;
Sattisūlūpamā kāmā, khandhāsaṃ adhikuṭṭanā;
166你所谓之欲乐,于我已成阿罗汉。」
Yaṃ tvaṃ kāmaratiṃ brūsi, arahi mayha sā ahū’’ti.
167尊者,阿拉维迦比丘尼正是作如是说。
Evaṃ kho bhante āḷavikāya bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ.
168世间并无出离,你以远离何为?
Natthi nissaraṇaṃ loke, kiṃ vivekena kāhasi;
169享受欲乐吧,勿作日后追悔者!
Bhuñjassu kāmaratiyo, māhu pacchānutāpinī-hu–
170世间有出离,我以智慧善予洞察;
Atthi nissaraṇaṃ loke, paññāya me suphussitaṃ;
171放逸之徒的眷属、魔罗,你不知晓那境界。
Pamattabandhu pāpima, na tvaṃ jānāsi taṃ padaṃ.
172诸欲如刀枪,对诸蕴猛烈打击;
Sattisūlūpamā kāmā, khandhāsaṃ adhikuṭṭanā;
173你所说的欲乐,对我而言却是不乐——
Yaṃ tvaṃ kāmaratiṃ brūsi, arati mayha sā ahu–
197索玛经
Somāsutta
174贤友,苏摩经是在何处、针对何人、以何事为缘、由谁所说、又是如何说的?
Pucchā – somāsuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
175答:尊者,正是在舍卫城的暗林,关于魔罗波旬,由苏摩比丘尼所说。尊者,魔罗波旬欲令苏摩比丘尼生起恐惧、惊慌、身毛竖立,欲令其从禅定退失,便以偈颂对苏摩比丘尼说。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃyeva bhante andhavane māraṃ pāpimantaṃ ārabbha somāya bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā somāya bhikkhuniyā bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo samādhimhā cāvetukāmo somaṃ bhikkhuniṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi.
176圣者们所应证得的、难以企及的境地,
‘‘Yaṃ taṃ isīhi pattabbaṃ, ṭhānaṃ durabhisambhavaṃ;
177那不是女人以二指许的智慧所能证得的。
Na taṃ dvaṅgulapaññāya, sakkā pappotumitthiyā’’ti.
178尊者,关于那件事——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
179女人之身,有何能为?当心已善入定,
‘‘Itthibhāvo kiṃ kayirā, cittamhi susamāhite;
180当智运行,如法正观时,
Ñāṇamhi vattamānamhi, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato;
181若有人心生此念:‘我是女人’或‘我是男人’,
Yassa nūna siyā evaṃ, itthāhaṃ purisoti vā;
182若还执著于其他任何事物,那才是魔王有资格说话的对象。
Kiñci vā pana aññasmi, taṃ māro vattumarahatī’’ti.
183是的,尊者,这便是圣弟子比丘尼苏摩所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante somāya bhikkhuniyā ariyasāvikāya bhāsitaṃ.
184那是圣者所应证得、难以企及的境界,
Yaṃ taṃ isīhi pattabbaṃ, ṭhānaṃ durabhisambhavaṃ;
185凭二指之智,女人不可能证得它——
Na taṃ dvaṅgulapaññāya, sakkā pappotumitthiyā–
186当心善得定时,女性身份又能有何障碍?
Itthi bhāvo kiṃ kayirā, cittamhi susamāhite;
187当智慧在运作,正确地观照法时。
Ñāṇamhi vatta mānamhi, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato.
188若有人心生此念:‘我是女人’或‘我是男人’,
Yassa nūna siyā evaṃ, itthāhaṃ purisoti vā;
189或于其他任何事物有所执取,那才是魔王得以言说的对象。
Kiñci vā pana aññasmi, taṃ māro vattumarahati.
214吉萨果德弥经
Kisāgotamīsutta
190请问尊者,这部《羸瘦瞿答弥经》是于何处、为谁说、依何事缘、由谁说、如何说出的呢?
Pucchā – tatthāvuso kisāgotamīsuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
191答:尊者,这是在舍卫城的安陀林中,由羸瘦瞿昙弥长老比丘尼就邪恶的魔王所说。尊者,邪恶的魔王想要让羸瘦瞿昙弥比丘尼生起恐惧、战栗、身毛竖立,想要使她退失禅定,便以偈颂对羸瘦瞿昙弥比丘尼说:
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃyeva bhante andhavane māraṃ pāpimantaṃ ārabbha kisāgotamiyā bhikkhuniyā theriyā bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā kisāgotamiyā bhikkhuniyā bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo samādhimhā cāvetukāmo kisāgotamiṃ bhikkhuniṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
192“你为何如丧子一般,独自一人,泪流满面?
‘‘Kiṃ nu tvaṃ mataputtāva, ekamāsi rudammukhī;
193你独自来到这森林深处,是在寻找一个男人吗?”
Vanamajjhagatā ekā, purisaṃ nu gavesasī’’ti.
194尊者,关于那件事——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
195我已彻底超越‘子死’之念,那些男子犹如独牙者;
Accantaṃ mataputtāmhi, purisā ekadantikā;
196我不悲伤,不哭泣,不畏惧,朋友啊。
Na socāmi na rodāmi, na taṃ bhāyāmi āvuso.
197于一切处,欢喜已灭尽,黑暗之蕴已破除;
Sabbattha vihatā nandī, tamokkhandho padālito;
198已战胜死魔军队,我安住无漏。
Jetvāna maccuno senaṃ, viharāmi anāsavā’’ti.
199尊者,以上为吉萨瞿昙弥比丘尼所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante kisāgotamiyā bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ.
200你为何如丧子一般,独自在此,泪流满面?
Kiṃ nu tvaṃ mataputtāva, ekamāsi rudammukhī;
201你独自一人来到森林深处,是在寻找男人吗?
Vanamajjhagatā ekā, purisaṃ nu gasesasi-hu–
202我已全然是丧子之人,对男人的一切也至此而尽。
Accantaṃ mataputtāmhi, purisā etadantikā;
203我不忧伤,不哭泣,亦不因此畏惧,贤友。
Na socāmi na rodāmi, na taṃ bhāyāmi āvuso.
204于一切处,断除了欢喜;黑暗之蕴,已破灭;
Sabbattha vihatā nandī, tamokkhandho padālito;
205战胜死魔之军,我住于无漏。
Jetvāna maccuno senaṃ, viharāmi anāsavā.
231伍巴喇瓦纳经
Uppalavaṇṇāsutta
206问:「尊者,古代结集大长老们所结集的《莲花色经》,是于何处、关于谁、因何事、由谁、如何说出的?」
Pucchā – tatthāvuso porāṇehi saṃgītikāramahātheravarehi saṃgītaṃ uppalavaṇṇasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
207答:「尊者,正是在舍卫城的暗林,关于魔罗波旬,由莲花色比丘尼所说。尊者,魔罗波旬欲令莲花色比丘尼生起恐惧、战栗、身毛竖立,欲使其从定中退堕,故以偈颂对莲花色比丘尼说:」
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃyeva bhante andhavane māraṃ pāpimantaṃ ārabbha uppalavaṇṇāya bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā uppalavaṇṇāya bhikkhuniyā bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo samādhimhā cāvetukāmo uppalavaṇṇaṃ bhikkhuniṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
208「比丘尼,你独自来到花满枝头的沙罗树下而立。你无第二人相伴,愚人,你竟不畏惧那些恶徒。」
‘‘Supupphitaggaṃ upagamma bhikkhuni, ekā tuvaṃ tiṭṭhasi sālamūle. Na catthi te dutiyā vaṇṇadhātu, bāle na tvaṃ bhāyasi dhuttakāna’’nti.
209尊者,在此事中——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
210纵有十万恶徒,
‘‘Sataṃ sahassānipi dhuttakānaṃ,
211如此般来到这里,
Idhāgatā tādisakā bhaveyyuṃ;
212我毛发不竖,亦不惊慌,
Lomaṃ na iñjāmi na santasāmi,
213魔罗,我即便孤身一人,也不畏惧你。
Na māra bhāyāmi tamekikāpi.
214我于此隐没,或进入你的腹中;
Esā antaradhāyāmi, kucchiṃ vā pavisāmi te;
215纵在眼睫之间,你亦看不见立于面前的我。
Pakhumantarikāyampi, tiṭṭhantiṃ maṃ na dakkhasi.
216我于心已得自在,四神足皆善修习;
Cittasmiṃ vasībhūtāmhi, iddhipādā subhāvitā;
217我已解脱一切结缚,朋友,我不畏惧你。
Sabbabandhanamuttāmhi, na taṃ bhāyāmi āvuso’’ti.
218尊者,以上就是优波婆罗那比丘尼所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante uppalavaṇṇāya bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ.
245遮罗经
Cālāsutta
219问——朋友,遮罗经是于何处、因何事、由谁、为何因缘而宣说的呢?
Pucchā – tatthāvuso cālāsuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
220答——尊者,是在舍卫城的暗林中,针对魔罗波旬,由圣弟子遮罗比丘尼所说。尊者,魔罗波旬来到遮罗比丘尼跟前,对她这样说:“比丘尼,你难道不欢喜吗?”“朋友,我不欢喜于‘生’。”
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante andhavane māraṃyeva pāpimantaṃ ārabbha cālāya bhikkhuniyā ariyasāvikāya bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā cālaṃ bhikkhuniṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca ‘‘kiṃ nu tvaṃ bhikkhuni na rocesī’’ti. Jātiṃ khvāhaṃ āvuso na rocemī’’ti.
221你为何不欢喜出生?既已出生,便当享受诸欲;
Kiṃ nu jātiṃ na rocesi, jāto kāmāni bhuñjati;
222是谁教你不要欢喜出生的,比丘尼?
Ko nu taṃ idamādapayi, jātiṃ mā roca bhikkhunīti.
223尊者,关于那件事——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
224有生则有死,有生必遭众苦;
Jātassa maraṇaṃ hoti, jāto dukkhāni phussati;
225既见系缚、杀戮与逼恼,故我不欣乐于生。
Bandhaṃ vadhaṃ pariklesaṃ, tasmā jātiṃ na rocaye.
226佛陀宣说了法——对生的超越;
Buddho dhammamadesesi, jātiyā samatikkamaṃ;
227为断除一切苦,他令我安立于真理。
Sabbadukkhappahānāya, so maṃ sacce nivesayi.
228那些生于色界的众生,以及安住于无色界者;
Ye ca rūpūpagā sattā, ye ca arūpaṭṭhāyino;
229不了知灭尽者,必将成为再来者。
Nirodhaṃ appajānantā, āgantāro punabbhavanti.
230尊者,这便是比丘尼遮罗所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante cālāya bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ.
231你为何不喜乐于生?既已出生,便受用诸欲乐;
Kiṃ nu jātiṃ na rocesi, jāto kāmāni bhuñjati;
232是谁如此教你?比丘尼,莫喜乐于生。
Ko nu taṃ idamādapayi, jātiṃ mā roca bhikkhunī.
233有生则有死,生者必触受诸苦;
Jātassa maraṇaṃ hoti, jāto dukkhāni phussati;
234束缚、杀害与烦恼,故不应乐于生。
Bandhaṃ vadhaṃ pariklesaṃ, tasmā jātiṃ na rocaye.
235佛陀所教示之法,即是超越生,
Buddho dhammamadesesi, jātiyā samatikkamaṃ,
236为断除一切苦,他使我在真谛中安立。
Sabbadukkhappahānāya, so maṃ sacce nivesayi.
264《塞罗经》
Selāsutta
237问:尊者,此《塞拉经》是于何处、因何人、于何事、由谁、如何所说?
Pucchā – tatthāvuso selāsuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
238答:尊者,此经于舍卫城,因恶魔波旬,由圣弟子比丘尼塞拉所说。尊者,恶魔波旬欲令比丘尼塞拉生起怖畏、战栗、身毛竖立,欲令其从定中退堕,故以偈颂对比丘尼塞拉说:
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante māraṃyeva pāpimantaṃ ārabbbha selāya bhikkhuniyā ariyasāvikāya bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā selāya bhikkhuniyā bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo samādhimhā cāvetukāmo selaṃ bhikkhuniṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
239“此影像由谁所造?谁是影像的造作者?”
Kenidaṃ pakataṃ bimbaṃ, kvanu bimbassa kārako;
240“此影像从何处生起?又从何处灭尽?”
Kvanu bimbaṃ samuppannaṃ, kvanu bimbaṃ nirujjhatīti.
241“尊者,关于此事——”
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
242此像非自作,此苦亦非他作;
Nayidaṃ attakataṃ bimbaṃ, nayidaṃ parakataṃ aghaṃ;
243依因缘而生,因灭则灭尽。
Hetuṃ paṭicca sambhūtaṃ, hetubhaṅgā nirujjhatīti.
244尊者,比丘尼塞拉作如是等说。
Evamādinā bhante selāya bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ.
245“此影像由谁所造?影像的作者又在何处?
Kenidaṃ pakataṃ bimbaṃ, kvanu bimbassa kārako;
246影像于何处生起?影像于何处灭尽?”
Kvanu bimbaṃ samuppannaṃ, kvanu bimbaṃ nirujjhati-hu–
247此影像非自作,此苦非他作;
Nayidaṃ attakataṃ bimbaṃ, nayidaṃ parakataṃ aghaṃ;
248依因而生者,因坏便灭尽。
Hetuṃ paṭicca sambhūtaṃ, hetubhaṅgā nirujjhati.
277瓦基拉经
Vajirāsutta
249问:尊者,先前由大迦叶等结集法藏的上座长老们所结集的《金刚经》,是在何处、因何人、由谁、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – tatthāvuso porāṇakehi mahākassapādīhi dhammasaṃgāhakatheravarehi saṃgītaṃ vajirāsuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
250答:尊者,此是在舍卫城,因恶魔波旬,由金刚比丘尼所说。尊者,恶魔波旬如同先前的方式,以偈颂对金刚比丘尼说道:
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante māraṃ pāpimantaṃ ārabbha vajirāya theriyā bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ. Māro bhante pāpimā purimanayeneva vajiraṃ bhikkhuniṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
251此有情由谁所造?造此有情者,又在何处?
Kenāyaṃ pakato satto, kuvaṃ sattassa kārako,
252有情于何处生起?于何处灭尽?
Kuvaṃ satto samuppanno, kuvaṃ satto nirujjhatīti.
253尊者,对此事——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
254你为何执取“有情”?魔罗,这是你的邪见吗?
Kiṃ nu sattoti paccesi, māradiṭṭhigataṃ nu te;
255这仅仅是诸行的积聚,此处并无“有情”可得。
Suddhasaṅkhārapuñjoyaṃ, nayidha sattupalabbhati.
256正如依靠零件的组合,而有了“车”的名称。
Yathā hi aṅgasambhārā, hoti saddo ratho iti;
257当诸蕴存在时,便假立了‘有情’的称谓。
Evaṃ khandhesu santesu, hoti sattoti sammuti.
258确实,只有苦生起,只有苦住立与消逝,
Dukkhameva hi sambhoti, dukkhaṃ tiṭṭhati veti ca,
259除苦之外,别无生起;除苦之外,别无灭尽。
Nāññatra dukkhā sambhoti, nāññaṃ dukkhā nirujjhatīti.
260正是如此,尊者,这便是比丘尼瓦吉拉所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante vajirāya bhikkhuniyā bhāsitaṃ.
261此有情由何而造?造此有情者又在何处?
Kenāyaṃ pakato satto, kuvaṃ sattassakārako;
262有情于何处生起?于何处灭尽?
Kuvaṃ satto samuppanno, kuvaṃ satto nirujjhati-hu–
263你为何执取‘有情’?魔罗,你已陷入邪见。
Kiṃ nu sattoti paccesi, māra diṭṭhigataṃ nu te;
264这仅是清净行蕴的聚合,其中无有情可寻。
Suddhasaṅkhārapuñjoyaṃ, nayidha sattupalabbhati.
265梵天相应
Brahmasaṃyutta
295伽拉瓦经
Gāravasutta
266问:贤友,《梵天相应》中由古代大迦叶长老等结集法藏的上座长老们,于第二次结集时所集的《尊重经》,是在何处、如何生起的?
Pucchā – brahmasaṃyutte āvuso porāṇehi mahākassapatherādīhi dhammasaṃgāhakatheravarehi dutiyaṃ saṃgītaṃ gāravasuttaṃ kattha kathañca samuppannaṃ.
267答:尊者,它在优楼频螺生起。尊者,世尊初成正觉,住于优楼频螺的尼连禅河畔阿阇波罗榕树下。那时,世尊独处宴坐,心中生起如是思惟:‘无恭敬、无尊重而住,实为苦。我应当恭敬、尊重、依止哪一位沙门或婆罗门而住呢?’
Vissajjanā – uruvelāyaṃ bhante samuppannaṃ. Bhagavā bhante uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi ‘‘dukkhaṃ kho agāravo viharati appatisso, kaṃ nu khvāhaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyya’’nti.
268尊者,那时世尊这样思惟:‘为了圆满未圆满的戒蕴,他们可以恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门,依止而住。然而,在包含天、魔、梵的世间,在包含沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生中,我不见有其他沙门或……’
Atha kho bhante bhagavato etadahosi ‘‘aparipuṇṇassa kho sīlakkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyuṃ, na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya attanā sīlasampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā
269那位比我更具戒德的婆罗门,让我恭敬、尊重并依止而住。
Brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyuṃ.
270于未圆满的定蕴,
Aparipuṇṇassa kho samādhikkhandhassa;
271于未圆满的慧蕴,
Aparipuṇṇassa kho paññākkhandhassa;
272对于尚未圆满的解脱蕴,
Aparipuṇṇassa kho vimuttikkhandhassa.
273为了圆满那尚未圆满的解脱智见蕴,我本可恭敬、尊重、依止其他沙门或婆罗门而安住。然而,在包括天、魔、梵天的世间,在包括沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生中,我不见有任何其他沙门或婆罗门,较我更圆满具足解脱智见,堪为我所恭敬、尊重、依止而住。既然如此,我何不就恭敬、尊重、依止我所正觉的法而安住呢?随后,世尊心中如是反复思量,生起此念。
Aparipuṇṇassa kho vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upaninissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya attanā vimuttiñāṇadassanasampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yvāyaṃ dhammo mayā abhisambuddho, tameva dhammaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyya’’nti. Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavato cetaso parivitakkavasena uppannaṃ.
274过去诸正觉者,与未来诸佛陀,
Ye ca atītā sambuddhā, ye ca buddhā anāgatā;
275今此正自觉者,是众多忧愁的灭除者;
Yo cetarahi sambuddho, bahūnaṃ sokanāsano;
276一切尊重正法者,曾如此住、正如此住;
Sabbe saddhammagaruno, vihaṃsu viharanti ca;
277亦将如是安住,这便是诸佛的法性。
Tathāpi viharissanti, esā buddhāna dhammatā.
278因此,凡欲求自身利益、希冀崇高者,
Tasmā hi attakāmena, mahattamabhikaṅkhatā;
279应当尊重正法,并忆念诸佛的教法。
Saddhammo garukātabbo, saraṃ buddhāna sāsanaṃ.
310某梵天经
Aññaratabrahmasutta
280请问尊者:古时大迦叶等结集法藏的上座长老们初次结集的那部《某梵天经》,是在何处、缘于何人、以何事为因缘、由谁、如何说出的?
Pucchā- tatthāvuso porāṇakehi mahākassapādīhi dhammasaṃgāhakatheravarehi paṭhamaṃ saṃgītaṃ aññatarabrahmasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
281答:尊者,这是在梵天界,具寿大目犍连长老针对一位梵天所说的话。尊者,那位梵天生起了这样的恶见:“没有任何沙门或婆罗门能来到此处。”尊者,即以此事为因缘,
Vissajjanā – brahmaloke bhante aññataraṃ brahmānaṃ ārabbha āyasmatā mahāmoggallānattherena bhāsitaṃ. Aññatarassa bhante brahmuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti ‘‘natthi so samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā, yo idha āgaccheyyā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
282贤友,你至今仍持有往昔的那一见解吗?
Ajjāpi te āvuso sā diṭṭhi, yā te diṭṭhi pure ahu;
283你可看见那超越梵天界、光明闪耀的吗?
Passasi vītivattantaṃ, brahmaloke pabhassaranti;
284世尊,以上便是尊者大目犍连长老所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante āyasmatā mahāmoggallānattherena bhāsitaṃ.
285友,如今你所持有的见解,正是你从前所拥有的见解;
Ajjāpi te āvuso sā diṭṭhi, yā te diṭṭhi pure ahu;
286你可看见那超越现前的、在梵天世界光明闪耀的境地?
Passasi vītivattanta, brahmaloke pabhassaraṃ-hu–
287尊者,我往昔所持的那一见解,今已不存。
Na me mārisa sā diṭṭhi, yā me diṭṭhi pure ahu;
288我看见那已然超越、在梵天世界中光明闪耀者。
Passāmi vītivattantaṃ, brahmaloke pabhassaraṃ;
289那么,我今日又怎会说:‘我是常、恒常的’呢?
Svāhaṃ ajja kathaṃ vajjaṃ, ahaṃ niccomhi sassato hu–
290成就三明、具足神通、善知他心者——
Tevijjā iddhipattā ca, cetopariyāya kovidā;
291诸多漏尽的阿拉汉,皆为佛陀的圣弟子——
Khīṇāsavā arahanto, bahū buddhassa sāvakā-hu–
323阿卢那瓦提经
Aruṇavatīsutta
292问:“尊者,世尊是于何处、为谁、因何因缘宣说《阿卢那瓦提经》的呢?”
Pucchā – tatthāvuso aruṇavatīsuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
293尊者,在舍卫城,世尊面对众多比丘,以“诸比丘,过去有位名叫阿鲁纳瓦的国王。诸比丘,阿鲁纳瓦王的都城名为阿鲁纳瓦提……”这样的方式开示,宣说了《阿鲁纳瓦提经》。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ bhikkhave rājā ahosi aruṇavā nāma. Rañño kho pana bhikkhave aruṇavato aruṇavatī nāma rājadhānī ahosī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā aruṇavatī suttaṃ bhāsitaṃ.
294当奋起,当精进,致力于佛陀的教法;当摧破死魔大军,如大象摧破竹舍。
Ārambhatha nikkamatha, yuñjatha buddhasāsane;
295摧毁死魔的军队,如大象摧毁竹舍;
Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro;
296凡于此法与律中,不放逸而住者
Yo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, appamatto vihassati;
297断除生与轮回,将作苦之尽头
Pahāya jāti saṃsāraṃ, dukkhassantaṃ karissati-hu–
298婆罗门相应
Brāhmaṇasaṃyutta
331达难迦尼经
Dhanañjānīsutta
299问:尊者,在婆罗门相应部中,于初次结集时,世尊在何处、针对何人、以何事为缘、如何宣说《达难迦尼经》?
Pucchā – brāhmaṇasaṃyutte āvuso paṭhamaṃ saṃgītaṃ dhanañjānīsuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
300答:尊者,此经是世尊在王舍城,针对婆罗堕阇姓婆罗门所宣说。尊者,婆罗堕阇姓婆罗门来到世尊面前,以偈颂对世尊说:
Vissajjanā – rājagahe bhante bhāradvājagottaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Bhāradvājagotto bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā gāthāya ajjhabhāsi.
301断除何者,得安乐住?
‘‘Kiṃ su chetvā sukhaṃ seti,
302断除何者,便不忧伤?
Kiṃ su chetvā na socati;
303您赞同断除哪一法?
Kissassu ekadhammassa,
304乔达摩,您赞同杀戮吗?
Vadhaṃ rocesi gotamā’’ti–
305尊者,关于那件事。
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
306断除愤怒,即得安乐。
‘‘Kodhaṃ chetvā sukhaṃ seti;
307断除愤怒,便无忧愁。
Kodhaṃ chetvā na socati;
308愤怒,它有毒的根,
Kodhassa visamūlassa,
309却有甜蜜之巅,婆罗门啊;
Madhuraggassa brāhmaṇa;
310圣者们赞叹对愤怒的灭除,
Vadhaṃ ariyā pasaṃsanti,
311断除它后,便无忧愁。
Tañhi chetvā na socatī’’ti;
312尊者,世尊的确这样说了。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
313断除什么而能安乐而住?断除什么而能不忧愁?
Kiṃ su chetvā sukhaṃseti, kiṃ su chetvā na socati;
314乔达摩,你赞同杀戮哪一法?
Kissassu ekadhammassa, vadhaṃ rocesi gotama–
315问:贤友,听闻此说法后,跋罗堕阇姓婆罗门对此法、律生起净信,他作出了怎样的净信表示?又成就了多少义利?
Pucchā – imañca panāvuso dhammadesanaṃ sutvā bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasanno kīdisaṃ pasannākāramakāsi, kīvattakañca atthaṃ sampādesi.
316答:尊者,跋罗堕阇姓婆罗门听闻此法教后,说道:“真是殊胜啊,乔达摩尊者!真是殊胜啊,乔达摩尊者!乔达摩尊者,犹如将倒覆的翻转,将隐藏的揭露,为迷路者指明道路,于黑暗中擎举油灯,令有眼者得见诸色。”尊者,跋罗堕阇姓婆罗门便对此法、律生起净信,作了净信的表示。尊者,跋罗堕阇姓婆罗门听闻此法教后,在世尊跟前乞求出家、受具足戒,受具足戒不久,便证得阿拉汉果。
Vissajjanā – imañca pana bhante dhammadesanaṃ sutvā bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ bho gotama, seyyathāpi bho gotama nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’’ti evamādinā bhante imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasanno pasannākāramakāsi. Imañca pana bhante dhammadesanaṃ sutvā bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ upasampadaṃ yācitvā acirūpasampanno yāva arahattaṃ sampādesi.
350辱骂经
Akkosasutta
317问——贤友,此《骂詈者婆罗堕婆阇经》是世尊于何处、针对何人、依何事缘、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – akkosakabhāradvājasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
318答——尊者,此经是世尊在王舍城,针对骂詈者婆罗堕婆阇婆罗门而说。尊者,骂詈者婆罗堕婆阇婆罗门前往世尊处,以粗恶不堪入耳的话语辱骂、斥责世尊。尊者,即于此一事缘中,世尊说:‘婆罗门,你意如何?你的朋友、同僚、亲属、血亲们会来你家吗?’……尊者,世尊是以这样的方式宣说的。
Vissajjanā – rājagahe bhante akkosakabhāradvājaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Akkosakabhāradvājo bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā asabbhāhi pharusāhi vācāhi bhagavantaṃ akkosati paribhāsati. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi brāhmaṇa, api nukho te āgacchanti mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā atitiyo’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
319无嗔者,嗔从何来?
Akkodhassa kuto kodho,
320已得调御、安住于正命者
Dantassa samajīvino;
321以正智而得解脱者
Sammadaññā vimuttassa,
322寂静如如者
Upasantassa tādino.
323以怨报怨者,更为恶劣;
Tasseva tena pāpiyo,
324即以忿怒回应忿怒者。
Yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhati;
325不对忿怒者生起忿怒之人,
Kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhanto,
326战胜难胜之战。
Saṅgāmaṃ jeti dujjayaṃ.
327行持二种义利,
Ubhinnamatthaṃ carati,
328既为自己,亦为他人;
Attano ca parassa ca;
329知道他人已心生忿怒后,
Paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā,
330他保持正念,令之平息。
Yo sato upasammati.
331对于正在为两者疗治的人,
Ubhinnaṃ tikicchantānaṃ,
332自己与他人
Attano ca parassa ca;
333众人视其为愚者
Janā maññanti bāloti,
334那些于法不善巧者
Ye dhammassa akovidā.
335问:贤友,听闻此法后,骂詈者婆罗堕阇婆罗门于此法、律生起净信,他以何种方式表示了净信?又成就了多大的利益?
Pucchā – imañca panāvuso dhammadesanaṃ sutvā akkosakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasanno kīdisaṃ pasannākāramakāsi. Kīvattakañca atthaṃ sampādesi.
336答:尊者,听闻此法后,骂詈者婆罗堕阇婆罗门以“真是殊胜啊,乔达摩尊者!真是殊胜啊,乔达摩尊者!”等语,于此法、律生起净信并表示了净信。他成就了直至阿拉汉果的广大利益。
Vissajjanā – imañca pana bhante dhammadesanaṃ sutvā akkosakabhāradvājo brāhmaṇo ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ bho gotamā’’ti evamādinā imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasanno pasannākāramakāsi. Yāva arahattā ca pana mahantaṃ atthaṃ sampādesi.
371多女经
Bahudhītarasutta
337问:贤友,由世尊——知者……正自觉者——所宣说的《婆罗门相应》中的《多女经》,是在何处、针对何人、以何事为因缘、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā jānatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena brāhmaṇasaṃyutte bahudhītarasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
338解答——尊者,这则教说是世尊在憍萨罗国某处林地中,针对一位婆罗堕阇婆罗门而宣说的。尊者,那位婆罗堕阇婆罗门在走失了公牛后到处寻找,来到世尊面前,诵出了这些偈颂。
Vissajjanā – kosalesu bhante aññatarasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe aññataraṃ bhāradvājagottaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Aññataro bhante bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo goṇe naṭṭhe pariyesanto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi.
339这位沙门确实没有十四头公牛,
‘‘Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, balībaddā catuddasa;
340今日不见六十天的积谷,因此这位沙门快乐;
Ajjasaṭṭhiṃ na dissanti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī;
341这位沙门确实像在芝麻田里没有坏的植株,只有一叶两叶,因此他如此安乐。
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, tilākhettasmi pāpakā;
342只有一叶或两叶,这位沙门因此快乐。
Ekapaṇṇā dupaṇṇā ca, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
343(重复)
(Peyyāla)
344这位沙门在清晨并无前来讨债的人;
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, paccūsamhi iṇāyikā;
345他们催促说:'给!给!',这位沙门因此得享快乐。
Detha dethāti codenti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī’’ti.
346关于此经,世尊说:
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
347婆罗门,我确实没有十四头公牛;
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, balībaddā catuddasa;
348婆罗门,今日不见那六十之数的(谷物),因此我快乐;
Ajjasaṭṭhiṃ na dissanti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī;
349婆罗门,我的芝麻田中确实没有坏芝麻;
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, tilākhettasmi pāpakā;
350婆罗门啊,单叶与双叶,我因此而得快乐。
Ekapaṇṇā dupaṇṇā ca, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
351(佩耶拉篇)
(Peyyāla)
352婆罗门啊,清晨时分,我确实没有讨债的债主;
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, paccūsamhi iṇāyikā;
353在‘给啊!给啊!’的催促声中,婆罗门啊,我因此感到快乐。
Detha dethāti codenti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhīti.
354诚然,尊者,这便是世尊所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
355
(1)
356看来这位沙门确实没有十四头公牛;
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, balībaddā catuddasa;
357今日六十头不复见,因此我这沙门快乐。
Ajjasaṭṭhiṃ na dissanti, tenāhaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
358
(2)
359这位沙门确无芝麻田里的恶物;
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, tilākhettasmi pāpakā;
360也无单叶与双叶之类,因此这位沙门快乐。
Ekapaṇṇā dupaṇṇā ca, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
361
(3)
362这位沙门确实没有空谷仓中的老鼠,
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, tucchakoṭṭhasmi mūsikā;
363它们欢跃地跳舞,所以这位沙门过得快乐。
Ussoḷhikāya naccanti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
364
(4)
365这位沙门确实没有铺放了七个月的卧具,
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, santhāro sattamāsiko;
366为瓦砾所覆,因此这位沙门快乐。
Uppāṭakehi sañchanno, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
367
(5)
368确实,这位沙门没有寡妇,也没有七个女儿;
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, vidhavā satta dhītaro;
369既无一子,也无二子,因此这位沙门快乐。
Ekaputtā duputtā ca, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
370
(6)
371确实,这位沙门并没有一位黄褐色、带着斑点的妻子;
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, piṅgalā tilakāhatā;
372他用脚把沉睡的妻子唤醒,因此这位沙门过得快乐。
Sottaṃ pādena bodheti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
373
(7)
374确实,这位沙门并没有清晨就来催债的债主;
Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, paccūsami iṇāyikā;
375他们催促道:“给!给!”,这位沙门因此快乐。
Detha dethāti codenti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
376
(1)
377婆罗门,我确实没有十四头公牛;
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, balībaddā catuddasa;
378至今六日不见它们的踪影,因此我,婆罗门们啊,快乐。
Ajjasaṭṭhiṃ na dissanti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
379
(2)
380婆罗门,我的芝麻田里确实没有坏的;
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, tilākhettasmi pāpakā;
381只有一叶和两叶的,婆罗门,因此我快乐。
Ekapaṇṇā dupaṇṇā ca, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
382
(3)
383婆罗门,我的空谷仓中确实没有老鼠;
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, tucchakoṭṭhasmi mūsikā;
384因精进而起舞,婆罗门,我因此而得安乐。
Ussoḷhīkāya naccanti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
385
(4)
386婆罗门,我确无可用七个月的敷具。
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, santhāro sattamāsiko;
387以破布蔽身,婆罗门,我因此而得安乐。
Uppāṭakehi sañchanno, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
388
(5)
389婆罗门,我确实没有七个寡居的女儿。
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, vidhavā satta dhītaro;
390她们有的有一子,有的有二子,婆罗门,我因此得乐。
Ekaputtā duputtā ca, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
391
(6)
392婆罗门,我确实没有黄褐色、有斑点的妻子。
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, piṅgalā tilakāhatā;
393她用脚将我从睡梦中唤醒,婆罗门,我因此快乐。
Sottaṃ pādena bodheti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
394
(7)
395婆罗门,我确实没有在清晨便来催债的债主们。
Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, paccūsamhi iṇāyikā;
396他们声声催促:‘给啊!给啊!’ 婆罗门,我因此快乐。
Detha dethāti codenti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
397问:“贤者,这位婆罗堕阇姓婆罗门听闻此法教后,对法与律生起净信,他作出了怎样的净信表示?又在法与律中成就了何等广大的利益?”
Pucchā – imañca panāvuso dhammadesanaṃ sutvā so bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasanno kīdisaṃ pasannākāramakāsi. Kīva mahantañca imasmiṃ dhammavinaye atthaṃ sampādesi.
398答:“尊者,这位婆罗堕阇姓婆罗门听闻此法教后,对法与律生起净信,作出了这样的净信表示:‘真是殊胜啊,乔达摩尊者!真是殊胜啊,乔达摩尊者!乔达摩尊者,犹如将倒下的扶起来,将隐藏的揭开,为迷路者指明道路,在黑暗中持来油灯,让有眼者得见诸色。’他如此赞叹后,便在世尊面前请求出家与受具足戒:‘愿我能在乔达摩尊者座下出家,愿我能受具足戒。’出家受具足戒后不久,他便证得阿罗汉果,成就了从凡夫到阿罗汉的极大殊胜义利。”
Vissajjanā – imañca pana bhante dhammadesanaṃ sutvā so bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bho gotama abhikkantaṃ bho gotama, seyyathāpi bhogotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, cakkhumanto rūpāni dukkhantī’’ti evamādinā imasmi dhammavinaye pasanno pasannākāramakāsi. Bhagavato ca santike ‘‘labheyyāhaṃ bhoto gotamassa santike pabbajaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampada’’nti evamādinā pabbajjaṃ upasampadaṃ yācitvā acirūpasampanno yāva arahattā mahantaṃ visesaṃ sampādesi.
434耕者婆罗堕阇经
Kasibhāradvājasutta
399问:“尊者,此第十一部经——由大迦叶等结集古法的长老们所合诵的《耕者婆罗豆婆遮经》——是世尊在何处、对谁、以何事为因缘、如何宣说的?”
Pucchā – tatthāvuso ekādasamaṃ mahākassapādīhi porāṇadhammasaṃgāhakatherehi saṃgītaṃ kasibhāradvājasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
400尊者,此经是世尊在摩揭陀国南山地区一那罗婆罗门村,为耕者婆罗豆婆遮婆罗门而宣说的。尊者,耕者婆罗豆婆遮婆罗门以偈颂向世尊请问。
Vissajjanā – magadhesu bhante dakkhiṇāgirismiṃ ekanāḷāyaṃ brāhmaṇagāme kasibhāradvājaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Kasibhāradvājo bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi.
401“你自称是耕者,我却不见你耕作。被问的耕者,请说,如何让我们知晓你的耕作?”尊者,以此事为缘——
‘‘Kassako paṭijānāsi, na ca passāmi te kasiṃ. Kassako pucchito brūhi, kathaṃ jānemu taṃ kasi’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
402信心是种子,苦行是雨水,智慧是我的轭与犁;
‘‘Saddhā bījaṃ tapo vuṭṭhi, paññā me yuganaṅgalaṃ;
403惭是犁柄,意是缰绳,念是我的犁头与刺棒。
Hirī īsā mano yottaṃ, sati me phālapācanaṃ.
404我防护身,防护语,于饮食、于腹部皆能节制;
Kāyagutto vacīgutto, āhāre udare yato;
405我以真实为除草,柔和是我的解脱。
Saccaṃ karomi niddānaṃ, soraccaṃ me pamocanaṃ.
406精进是我的轭牛,运载至瑜伽安稳;
Vīriyaṃ me dhuradhorayhaṃ, yogakkhemādhivāhanaṃ;
407它前行不息、从不退转,抵达那里便不再忧愁。
Gacchati anivattantaṃ, yattha gantvā na socati.
408如此耕耘的这田地,能结出不死之果;
Evamesā kasī kaṭṭhā, sā hoti amatapphalā;
409修习了这耕耘之后,便从一切苦中解脱。
Etaṃ kasiṃ kasitvāna, sabbadukkhā pamuccatī’’ti.
410以上即是世尊所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
411你自称是耕者,我却不见你的耕作;
Kassako paṭijānāsi, na ca passāmi te kasiṃ;
412被问到的农夫,请你说说,我们如何才能认识你的耕作?
Kassako pucchito brūhi, kathaṃ jānemu taṃ kasiṃ.
413信心为种子,苦行为雨水,智慧是我的轭与犁;
Saddhā bījaṃ tapo vuṭṭhi, paññā me yuganaṅgalaṃ;
414惭为辕木,心为缰绳,正念是我的犁铧。
Hirī īsā mano yottaṃ, sati me phālapācanaṃ.
415问:再者,贤友,听闻这一法教之后,耕田婆罗堕若婆罗门于这法与律中生起了信心,他作了怎样的表信之举呢?
Pucchā – imañca panāvuso dhammadesanaṃ sutvā so kasibhāradvājo brāhmaṇo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasanno kīdisaṃ pasannākāramakāsi.
416答:尊者,听闻这一法教之后,耕田婆罗堕若婆罗门于这法与律中生起了信心,他以‘真是稀有啊,乔达摩尊!真是稀有啊,乔达摩尊!’等语,作出了表信之举。
Vissajjanā – imañca pana bhante dhammadesanaṃ sutvā kasibhāradvājo brāhmaṇo ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ bho gotamā’’tievamādinā imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pasanno pasannākāramakāsi.
417正如,乔达摩尊,把颠倒的东西扶正;
Seyyathāpi bho gotama ukkujjitaṃ vā nikkujjeyya.
454伍达亚经
Udayasutta
418问:贤友,世尊是在何处、针对何人、以何事为缘、如何宣说《乌达亚经》的呢?
Pucchā – udayasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
419答:尊者,是在舍卫城,针对乌达亚婆罗门而宣说的。尊者,乌达亚婆罗门曾对世尊这样说:‘这位沙门乔达摩屡屡来来去去。’尊者,正是以此事为缘——
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante udayaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Udayo bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘pakaṭṭhakoyaṃ samaṇo gotamo punappunaṃ āgacchatī’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
420人们一再地播下种子,天王一再地降下甘霖;
Punappunañceva vapanti bījaṃ, punappunaṃ vassati devarājā;
421农夫一再地耕耘田地,谷物一再地丰收于国土。
Punappunaṃ khettaṃ kasanti kassakā, punappunaṃ dhaññamupeti raṭṭhaṃ.
422尊者,以上即是世尊之所言说。
Evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
423播种者一再地播撒种子,天王一再地降下甘霖。
Punappunaṃ ceva vapanti bījaṃ, punappunaṃ vassati deva rājā;
424农夫们一再耕田,粮食一再运入国土。
Punappunaṃ khettaṃ kasanti kassakā, punappunaṃ dhaññamupeti raṭṭhaṃ.
425乞者一再求乞,施主一再施与;
Punappunaṃ yācakā yācayanti, punappunaṃ dānapatī dadanti;
426施主一再施与之后,便一再往生天界。
Punappunaṃ dānapatī daditvā, punappunaṃ saggamupeti ṭhānaṃ.
427母牛一次次被挤奶,牛犊一次次走向母亲;
Punappunaṃ khīranikā duhanti, punappunaṃ vaccho upeti mātaraṃ;
428一再地疲惫、颤栗,愚者一再地进入母胎;
Punappunaṃ kilamati phandati ca, punappunaṃ gabbhamupeti mando.
429他反复地出生又死去,一再被人抬往坟场。
Punappunaṃ jāyati mīyati ca, punappunaṃ sivathikaṃ haranti;
430证得不复受生之道后,广慧者便不再辗转受生。
Maggañca laddhā apunabbhavāya, na punappunaṃ jāyati bhūripañño-hu–
468奉养母亲经
Mātuposakasutta
431问——贤友,《奉养母亲经》是世尊在何处、针对谁、以何事为因缘、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – mātuposakasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
432答——尊者,此经于舍卫城,针对奉养母亲的婆罗门而宣说。尊者,那位奉养母亲的婆罗门对世尊这样说:“乔达摩尊者,我依法乞食,依法乞食后奉养父母。乔达摩尊者,我如此行持,可算作尽到了应尽之责吗?”尊者,以此因缘,世尊说:“婆罗门,你如此行持,确实是尽到了应尽之责。婆罗门,若有人依法乞食,依法乞食后奉养父母,他便积累众多福德。”尊者,以上便是世尊所宣说。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante mātuposakaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Mātuposako bhante brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘ahañhi bho gotama dhammena bhikkhaṃ pariyesāmi, dhammena bhikkhaṃ pariyesitvā mātāpitaro posemi, kaccāhaṃ bho gotama evaṃkārī kiccakārī homī’’ti, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘taggha tvaṃ brāhmaṇa evaṃkārī kiccakārī hosi, yo kho brāhmaṇa dhammena bhikkhaṃ pariyesati, dhammena bhikkhaṃ pariyesitvā mātāpitaro poseti, bahuṃ so puññaṃ pasavatī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitā.
433凡人以法奉养母亲或父亲;
Yo mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā, macco dhammena posati;
434因对父母的那份侍奉,智者于此世间
Tāya naṃ pāricariyāya, mātāpitūsu paṇḍitā;
435便得称誉,命终之后在天界享得喜悦——
Idheva naṃ pasaṃsanti, pecca sagge pamodati–
474麻衣经
Khomadussasutta
436问:尊者,世尊……正自觉者所说、收于《婆罗门相应》的《麻衣经》,是于何处、为何人、在何事中、如何说的?
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena brāhmaṇasaṃyutte khomadussasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
437答:尊者,此经是在释迦族一个名为麻衣的集镇,针对麻衣的婆罗门居士们所说。尊者,那时麻衣的婆罗门居士们曾对世尊这样说:“那些秃头的沙门能算什么,他们又岂能知晓正法?”
Vissajjanā – sakkesu bhante khomadusse nāma sakyānaṃ nigame khomadussake brāhmaṇagahapatike ārabbha bhāsita, khomadussakā bhante brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ ‘‘ke ca muṇḍakā samaṇakā, ke ca sabhādhammaṃ jānissantī’’ti.
438尊者,其事缘如下:
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
439没有圣者在其中,便不是集会;
‘‘Nesā sabhā yattha na santi santo,
440那些不说法的人,不是圣者;
Santo na te ye na vadanti dhammaṃ;
441舍离了贪、嗔与痴,
Rāgañca dosañca pahāya mohaṃ,
442宣说法者,即为圣人。
Dhammaṃ vadantā ca bhavanti santo’’ti.
443是的,尊者,这便是世尊所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
444若无善士,便不名集会。
Nesā sabhā yattha nasanti santo,
445善士并非那些不说法者;
Santo na te ye na vadanti dhammaṃ;
446舍弃了贪欲、嗔恚与愚痴,
Rāgañca dosañca pahāya mohaṃ,
447宣说法者,方可成为善士——
Dhammaṃ vadantā ca bhavanti santo–
448《梵吉沙相应》
Vaṅgīsasaṃyutta
488阿难经
Ānandasutta
449问:在《梵吉沙相应》中,尊者,第四结集的《阿难经》,是依于何种因缘、以何事为缘起、由谁、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – vaṅgīsasaṃyutte panāvuso catutthaṃ saṃṅgītaṃ ānandasuttaṃ katthakaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
450答:尊者,在舍卫城,是依止于具寿梵吉沙长老,由具寿法藏持有者阿难长老所宣说。尊者,具寿梵吉沙以偈颂对具寿阿难说道——
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ vaṅgīsattheraṃ ārabbha āyasmatā ānandattherena dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmatā bhante vaṅgīso āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
451我被欲贪所烧,心被遍燃;
‘‘Kāmarāgena ḍayhāmi, cittaṃ me pariḍayhati;
452善哉!请说熄灭之法,出于慈悲,乔达摩。
Sādhu nibbāpanaṃ brūhi, anukampāya gotamā’’ti.
453尊者,就此因缘——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
454想颠倒故,汝心被燃烧;
‘‘Saññāya vipariyesā, cittaṃ te pariḍayhati;
455应远离与贪欲相应的净相;
Nimittaṃ parivajjehi, subhaṃ rāgūpasaṃhitaṃ;
456应观诸行为他物、为苦,勿视为我;
Saṅkhāre parato passa, dukkhato mā ca attato;
457当熄灭大贪,勿再三被其烧灼;
Nibbāpehi mahārāgaṃ, mā ḍayhittho punappunaṃ;
458修习不净之心,令心得一境、善安住于定中;
Asubhāya cittaṃ bhāvehi, ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ;
459愿你身至念常现前,常修厌离。
Sati kāyagatā tyatthu, nibbidābahulo bhava;
460应修习无相,断除慢随眠;
Animittañca bhāvehi, mānānusayamujjaha;
461由此断慢,你将寂静而行。
Tato mānābhisamayā, upasanto carissasī’’ti.
462如是,尊者阿难长老——法藏师——所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante āyasmatā ānandattherena dhammabhaṇḍāgārikena bhāsitaṃ.
463我为欲贪所烧,我心焦灼不宁。
Kāmarāgena ḍayhāmi, cittaṃ me pariḍayhati;
464善哉!请说熄灭之法,出于悲悯,乔达摩。
Sādhu nibbāpanaṃ brūhi, anukampāya gotama–
465由于想颠倒,你的心被烧灼。
Saññāya vipariyesā, cittaṃ te pariḍayhati;
466你当避开与贪欲相应的净相。
Nimittaṃ parivajjehi, subhaṃ rāgūpasaṃhitaṃ.
467应视诸行为他、为苦,莫视之为我;
Saṅkhāre paratopassa, dukkhato mā ca attato;
468你应熄灭大贪爱,莫要一再被焚烧。
Nibbāpehi mahārāgaṃ, mā ḍayhittho punappunaṃ.
469应修习不净之心,令心专一,善入等持;
Asubhāya cittaṃ bhāvehi, ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ;
470愿你具足身至念,多修厌离。
Sati kāyagatā tyatthu, nibbidābahulo bhava.
471你应修习无相,并断除慢随眠。
Animittañca bhāvehi, mānānusayamujjaha;
472由此,因对慢的遍知,你将寂静而行。
Tato mānābhisamayā, upasanto carissasi.
513旺吉萨经
Vaṅgīsasutta
473问:贤友,第十二《婆耆舍经》是在何处、由谁、为何而说?
Pucchā – tattha āvuso dvādasamaṃ vaṅgīsasuttaṃ kattha kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
474答:尊者,在舍卫城,由证阿罗汉不久、正感受解脱之乐的具寿婆耆舍长老所说:
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmatā vaṅgīsattherena acira arahattappattena vimuttisukhapaṭisaṃvedinā–
475往昔我们陶醉于诗偈,游历一村又一村,一城又一城;
‘‘Kāveyyamattā vicarimha pubbe, gāmāgāmaṃ purāpuraṃ,
476那时我们见到了正自觉者,心中生起信心;
Athaddasāma sambuddhaṃ, saddhā no upapajjatha;
477他为我教导法——蕴、处、界;
So me dhamma madesesi, khandhāyatana dhātuyo;
478我闻此法之后,出家而为无家者;
Tassāhaṃ dhammaṃ sutvāna, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ;
479牟尼实为利益众人,而证得菩提;
Bahunnaṃ vata atthāya, bodhiṃ ajjhagamā muni;
480比丘与比丘尼众,已得决定见者,
Bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhūnīnañca, ye niyāmagataddasā;
481善来,我之到来实为善来,来到佛陀的座前;
Svāgataṃ vata me āsi, mama buddhassa santike;
482三明已证得,世尊的教法已成就。
Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ;
483我证知了往昔的宿住,清净了天眼;
Pubbe nivāsaṃ jānāmi, dibbacakkhuṃ visodhitaṃ;
484我具足三明,成就神通,善知他心。
Tevijjo iddhipattomhi, cetopariyāya kovido.
485尊者,这是以感兴语所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante udānavasena bhāsitaṃ.
486从前,我们以诗人之兴,游历于村与村、城与城之间。
Kāveyya mattā vicarimha pubbe; Gāmāgāmaṃpurāpuraṃ,
487那时我们得见正自觉者,信心便在我们心中生起。
Athaddasāma sambuddhaṃ, saddhā no upapajjatha.
488他为我宣说蕴、处、界法。
So me dhammamadesesi, khandhāyatana dhātuyo;
489我听闻世尊的教法后,便出家过无家的生活。
Tassāhaṃ dhammaṃ sutvāna, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.
490为利益众多有情,牟尼确证菩提;
Bahunnaṃ vata atthāya, bodhiṃ ajjhagamā muni;
491诸比丘与比丘尼,以及那些已入决定道者。
Bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunī nañca, ye niyāmagataddasā.
492我于佛陀面前,确实得蒙善来。
Svāgataṃ vata me āsi, mama buddhassa santike;
493明已证得,佛陀之教已经圆满。
Tasso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.
494我知宿住,天眼已净;
Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi; Dibbacakkhu visodhitaṃ;
495我已成就三明,具足神通,通达他心。
Tevijjo iddhipattomhi, cetopariyāyakovido.
496林相应
Vanasaṃyutta
538阿难经
Ānandasutta
497问:尊者,于林相应中,第五次结集之阿难经,是何时、何地、因谁、依何事、由谁、如何而说的?
Pucchā – vanasaṃyutte panāvuso pañcamaṃ saṃgītaṃ ānandasuttaṃ kadā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kena kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
498答:尊者,是于憍萨罗国某处林丛,世尊般涅槃后不久,因阿难尊者而由住彼林丛的一位天神所说。尊者,阿难尊者在世尊般涅槃后不久,过度与在家人交游而住。尊者,即以此事为缘——
Vissajjanā – kosalesu bhante aññatarasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe aciraparinibbute bhagavati āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ ārabbha tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe adhivatthāya devatāya bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmā bhante ānando aciraparinibbute bhagavati ativelaṃ gihisaññattibahulo viharati, tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
499深入树根密林,
‘‘Rukkhamūlagahanaṃ pasakkiya,
500将涅槃安立于心;
Nibbānaṃ hadayasmiṃ opiya;
501乔达摩,当修禅那,切勿放逸,
Jhāya gotama mā pamādo,
502你这样絮叨,又能做什么呢?
Kiṃ te biḷibiḷikā karissatī’’ti.
503是的,尊者,这是栖居密林的天神,出于慈悯、欲利益阿难长老,而说的话。
Evaṃ kho bhante vanasaṇḍe adhivatthāya devatāya āyasmato ānandattherassa anukampikāya atthakāmāya bhāsitaṃ.
504深入树下幽深处,将涅槃安于心中;
Rukkhamūla gahanaṃ pasakkiya, nibbānaṃ hadayasmiṃ opiya;
505禅修吧,乔达摩,莫放逸,你的絮絮叨叨能做什么呢——
Jhāya gotama mā pamādo, kiṃ te biḷibiḷikā karissati-hu–
506夜叉相应
Yakkhasaṃyutta
549因德咖经
Indakasutta
507问——贤友,在《夜叉相应》中,初次结集的《因德咖经》,是世尊于何处、针对谁、以何事为缘、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – yakkhasaṃyutte panāvuso paṭhamaṃ saṃgītaṃ indakasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
508解答——尊者,于王舍城因德咖山夜叉因德咖的住处,为夜叉因德咖而宣说。尊者,夜叉因德咖是自我论者,他来到世尊前,以偈颂问道:
Vissajjanā – rājagahe bhante indakūṭe pabbate indakassa yakkhassa bhavane indakaṃ yakkhaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Indako bhante yakkho attavādo bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
509诸佛说:‘色非命’,
‘‘Rūpaṃ na jīvanti vadanti buddhā,
510那么,此身如何存在?
Kathaṃ nvayaṃ vindatimaṃ sarīraṃ;
511这堆骨肉从何而来?
Kutassa aṭṭhīyakapiṇḍamebhi,
512何以这个有情会结生于子宫之中?
Kathaṃ nvayaṃ sajjati gabbharasmi’’nti.
513尊者,就那件事而言——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
514最初是羯罗蓝,从羯罗蓝而有頞部昙;
‘‘Paṭhamaṃ kalalaṃ hoti, kalalā hoti abbudaṃ,
515从頞部昙生起闭尸,从闭尸产生键南;
Abbudā jāyate pesi, pesi nibbattatī ghano;
516从键南生起支节,头发、体毛与指甲;
Ghanā pasākhā jāyanti, kesā lomā nakhāpica;
517而他的母亲所食用的食物、饮料与嚼食——
Yañcassa bhuñjatī mātā, annaṃ pānañca bhojanaṃ;
518住于母胎者即是藉此得以存活。
Tena so tattha yāpeti, mātukucchigatonaro’’ti.
519尊者,世尊正是这样宣说的。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
563阿拉瓦咖经
Āḷavakasutta
520问:尊者,由世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者所宣说的、收于夜叉相应的《阿罗婆迦经》,是在何处、对谁、以何事缘、如何而说?
Pucchā – tenāvuso bhagavatā…pe… sammāsambuddhena yakkhasaṃyutte āḷavakasuttaṃ kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
521答:尊者,那是在阿罗毗城,阿罗婆迦夜叉的住处,关于阿罗婆迦夜叉而说。尊者,阿罗婆迦夜叉以偈颂对世尊说:
Vissajjanā – āḷaviyaṃ bhante āḷavakassa yakkhassa bhavane āḷavakaṃ yakkhaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Āḷavako bhante yakkho bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
522何为人最上的财富?
Kiṃ sūdhavittaṃ purisassa seṭṭhaṃ,
523何者是善行,能带来安乐?
Kiṃ su suciṇṇaṃ sukhamāvahāti;
524诸味中,何者最为甘美?
Kiṃ su have sādutaraṃ rasānaṃ,
525如何生活,才堪称最殊胜的生命?
Kathaṃ jīviṃ jīvitāmāhu seṭṭhanti.
526尊者,关于此事——
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
527信心与财富,乃人之最胜,
Saddhīca vittaṃ purisassa seṭṭhaṃ,
528善修之法,带来安乐;
Dhammo suciṇṇo sukhamāvahāti;
529真实确实是诸味中最甘美的。
Saccaṃ have sādutaraṃ rasānaṃ,
530以智慧而活的生命,被誉為最殊胜。
Paññājīviṃ jīvitamāhu seṭṭhanti.
531尊者,世尊以如是等语而宣说。
Evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
532贤友,我决不会离开,你做你应做的事吧。
Na khvāhaṃ taṃ āvuso nikkhamissāmi, yaṃ te karaṇīyaṃ, taṃ karohi,
533沙门,我要问你问题,若你不回答我,我便扰乱你的心,或撕裂你的心脏,或抓住你的双脚,把你扔到恒河对岸。
Pañhaṃ taṃ samaṇa pucchissāmi, sace me na byākarissasi, cittaṃ vā te khipissāmi, hadayaṃ vā te phālessāmi, pādesu vā gahetvā pāragaṅgāya khipissāmi–
534何为人之最胜财富?何为善行能带来安乐?
Kiṃ sūkha vittaṃ purisassa seṭṭhaṃ, kiṃ su suciṇṇaṃ sukhamāvahāti;
535诸味之中,何者确实易于承受?怎样的生活被称为最上?
Kiṃ su have sādubharaṃ rasānaṃ, kathaṃ jīviṃ jīvitamāhu seṭṭhaṃ–
536于此世间,信心是人的最上之财;依法善行,能带来安乐。
Saddhīdha vittaṃ purisassa seṭṭhaṃ, dhammo suciṇṇo sukhamāvahāti;
537真实确实是诸味中最甘美的;以智慧为命的生活,被称为最上。
Saccaṃ have sādutaraṃ rasānaṃ, paññājīviṃ jīvitamāhu seṭṭhaṃ;
538如何渡过洪水?如何渡过海洋?
Kathaṃsu tarati oghaṃ, kathaṃsu tarati aṇṇavaṃ;
539如何超越痛苦?如何获得清净?
Kathaṃsu dukkha macceti, kathaṃsu parisujjhati.
540凭信心渡过洪水,凭不放逸渡过海洋;
Saddhāya tarati oghaṃ, appamādena aṇṇavaṃ;
541以精进超越痛苦,以智慧而得清净——
Vīriyena dukkha macceti, paññāya parisujjhati–
542如何获得智慧?如何求得财富?
Kathaṃsu labhate paññaṃ, kathaṃsu vindate dhanaṃ;
543如何赢得声誉?如何结交朋友?
Kathaṃsu kittiṃ pappoti, kathaṃ mittāni ganthati;
544从此世间到彼世间,死后如何不忧愁?
Asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ, kathaṃ pecca na socati–
545对阿拉汉生起信心,为证得涅槃而信受法;
Saddahāno arahataṃ, dhammaṃ nibbānapattiyā;
546渴望听闻者获得智慧,不放逸者具足明察。
Sussūsaṃ labhate paññaṃ, appamatto vicakkhaṇo;
547行适宜之事、担当责任、精进勤勉者,获得财富;
Patirūpakārī dhuravā, uṭṭhātā vindate dhanaṃ;
548以真实赢得名声,以布施结交朋友;
Saccena kittiṃ pappoti, dadaṃ mittāni ganthati;
549从此世到彼世,如此逝去后便无忧伤。
Asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ, evaṃ pecca na socati;
550具信的在家者,有此四种法。
Yassete caturo dhammā, saddhassa gharamesino;
551真实、法、坚忍与舍离,具足此者死后无忧。
Saccaṃ dhammo dhiti cāgo, sa ve peccana socati–
552帝释相应
Sakkasaṃyutta
597誓言足经
Vatapadasutta
553请问尊者,在帝释相应中,《誓言足经》是世尊于何处、因何事、以何因缘而说的?
Pucchā – sakkasaṃyutte panāvuso vatapadasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
554尊者,此事发生在舍卫城,缘于众多比丘。世尊曾说:“诸比丘,帝释天王过去为人时,曾圆满受持七条誓言足;正因受持了这些,帝释才获得帝释之位。”尊者,世尊所宣说的正是这样一段经文。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha sakkassa bhikkhave devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagāti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
555诸比丘,帝释天王过去为人时,曾圆满受持了这七条誓言足。
Sakkassa bhikkhave devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa imāni satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ.
556奉养父母,敬重族中长者;
Mātāpettibharaṃ jantuṃ, kule jeṭṭhāpacāyinaṃ;
557言语柔和亲切,舍离离间之语;
Saṇhaṃ sakhilasambhāsaṃ, pesuṇeyyappahāyinaṃ;
558致力于调伏悭吝,持守真实,降伏嗔怒的人。
Maccheravinaye yuttaṃ, saccaṃ kodhābhibhuṃ naraṃ;
559三十三天的诸天确实称他为‘善士’。
Taṃ ve devā tāvatiṃsā, āhu ‘‘sappuriso’’iti.
605贫穷经
Daliddasutta
560问:贤友,《贫穷经》是在何处、关于谁、如何宣说的?答:尊者,在王舍城,以众多比丘为缘,世尊如是宣说:‘诸比丘,往昔,就在这王舍城中,曾有一人,是人中的贫穷者、可怜者、卑贱者。他于如来所宣说的法与律中,受持了信、戒、闻、施、慧。’如这些等,尊者,即由世尊所宣说。
Pucchā – daliddasuttaṃ panāvuso kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ. Vissajjanā. Rājagahe bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ bhikkhave aññataro puriso imasmiṃyeva rājagahe manussadaliddo ahosi manussakapaṇo manussavarāko, so tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyi, sīlaṃ, sutaṃ, cāgaṃ, paññaṃ samādiyī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
561若有人于如来有信,不动摇、善安立;
Yassa saddhā tathāgate, acalā suppatiṭṭhitā;
562若人具足善戒,为圣者所爱、所称叹。
Sīlañca yassa kalyāṇaṃ, ariyakantaṃ pasaṃsitaṃ.
609祭主经
Yajamānasutta
563问:贤友,这部《祭主经》是世尊在何处、针对谁、因何事、如何宣说的?
Pucchā – yajamānasuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
564答:尊者,是在王舍城,针对诸天之主帝释而宣说的。尊者,诸天之主帝释以偈颂问世尊:
Vissajjanā – rājagahe bhante sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Sakko bhante devānamindo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
565在举行祭祀的人们中,在期盼福德的众生中,
‘‘Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ;
566对于修习有依福德者,所施于何处得大果报?
Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, kattha dinnaṃ mahapphala’’nti.
567尊者,关于那件事,
Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ–
568修于道者四,住于果者四;
‘‘Cattāro ca paṭipannā, cattāroca phale ṭhitā;
569此僧团端正,具足慧与戒定;
Esa saṅgho ujubhūto, paññāsīlasamāhito;
570于供养之人等,于求福之众生,
Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ;
571所作有依之福,施与僧团,得大果报。
Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, saṅghe dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ’’nti.
572如是,尊者,此即世尊所说。
Evaṃ kho bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
573供养之人,即期望福德之众生。
Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ,
574所修的有依福业,布施于何处能得大果报?
Karotaṃ opadhitaṃ puññaṃ, kattha dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ–
575向道者有四人,住果者亦有四人;
Cattāro ca paṭipannā, cattāro ca phale ṭhitā;
576此僧团正直,具足慧与戒,
Esa saṅgho ujubhūto, paññāsīlasamāhito;
577于布施者中,在那些期望福德的众人里,
Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ;
578所作的有依福,施于僧团,则得大果报——
Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, saṅghe dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ–
626居士礼敬经
Gahaṭṭhavandanāsutta
579问曰——且问,朋友,世尊是在何处、以谁为对象、又是如何宣说《家主礼敬经》的?
Pucchā – gahaṭṭhavandanāsuttaṃ panāvuso bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
580回答——尊者,世尊在舍卫城,以众多比丘为缘,作了以“诸比丘,往昔天帝释曾对御者摩多利说”等为开端的宣说。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ bhikkhave sakko devānamindo mātaliṃ saṅgāhakaṃ āmantesī’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
581三明者礼敬他,地上一切刹帝利亦礼敬;
Taṃ namassanti tevijjā, sabbe bhummāca khattiyā;
582四大天王与享有盛名的三十三天,也礼敬;
Cattāro ca mahārājā, tidasāca yasassino;
583那个名为阿陀迦的夜叉,正是你帝释所礼敬的——
Athako nāma so yakkho, yaṃ tvaṃ sakka namassasi–
584而我所礼敬的,是那些具足戒行、长夜安住于定、
Ahañca sīlasampanne, cirarattasamāhite;
585如法出家、以梵行为究竟皈依处者。
Sammāpabbajite vande, brahmacariyaparāyane.
586那些居家行善、持守戒律的优婆塞,
Ye gahaṭṭhā puññakarā, sīlavanto upāsakā;
587依法养妻者,摩多利,我礼敬他们。
Dhammena dāraṃ posenti, te namassāmi mātali.