17. 禅那缘
17. 禅那缘
17. Jhānapaccayo
1七禅支是禅那缘，即：寻(vitakka)、伺(vicāra)、喜(pīti)、悦(somanassa)、忧(domanassa)、舍(upekkhā)和一境性(ekaggatā)。除去五识之外，七禅支俱生的[一切]心、心所及色法是它们的缘生法。
Satta jhānaṅgāni jhānapaccayo, vitakko vicāro pīti somanassaṃ domanassaṃ upekkhā ekaggatā. Tehi sahajātā pañcaviññāṇavajjitā cittacetasikadhammā ca rūpadhammā ca tassa paccayuppannā.
2以何义为禅那？以紧密观察之义，故为禅那。“紧密观察(upanijjhāyana)”即以意走近所缘去观察、检视。譬如射手站在远处，用手执箭端直不动，保持圆靶清晰，以眼观察、瞄准，放箭射中远处的小圆标(靶心)。同样地，藉此诸禅支，一个人令心端直不动，保持所缘清晰，观察[所缘]，[这]称为“紧密观察”。如此紧密观察，则造作任何身行、语行或意行皆不失败。
Kenaṭṭhena jhānanti. Upanijjhāyanaṭṭhena jhānaṃ. Upanijjhāya naṭṭhenāti ca manasā ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā nijjhāyanaṭṭhena pekkhanaṭṭhena. Yathā hi issāso dūre ṭhatvā khuddake lakkhamaṇḍale saraṃ pavesento hatthehi saraṃ ujukañca niccalañca katvā maṇḍalañca vibhūtaṃ katvā cakkhunā nijjhāyanto paveseti. Evameva imehi aṅgehi cittaṃ ujukañca niccalañca katvā ārammaṇañca vibhūtaṃ katvā nijjhāyanto puggalo upanijjhāyatīti vuccati. Evaṃ upanijjhāyitvā yaṃkiñci kāyakammaṃ vā vacīkammaṃ vā manokammaṃ vā karonto avirajjhamāno karoti.
3在此，前进、返回等称为“身行”，实现字母、音节[等]的言语表达称为“语行”，以意明了任何所缘称为“意行”。[如果]没有适当的禅支[而只是]以羸弱的心，则不能完成布施、杀生[等任何]行为。至于其余善、不善的行为也是同理。
Tattha kāyakammaṃ nāma abhikkamappaṭikkamādikaṃ vuccati. Vacīkammaṃ nāma akkharavaṇṇaparipuṇṇaṃ vacībhedakaraṇaṃ vuccati. Manokammaṃ nāma yaṃkiñci manasā ārammaṇavibhāvanaṃ vuccati. Dānakammaṃ vā pāṇātipāta kammaṃ vā anurūpehi jhānaṅgehi vinā dubbalena cittena kātuṃ na sakkā hoti. Esa nayo sesesu kusalākusala kammesūti.
4应以自性相逐一阐明此寻等诸禅支法的含义。寻的特相是使相应诸法贴住所缘，它促使心稳固于所缘。伺的特相是持续省察所缘，它使心牢牢地系于所缘。喜的特相是喜欢所缘，它使心欢喜、满足于所缘。三种受(悦、忧和舍)的特相是体验所缘之味，它们透过体验可爱、不可爱、中等[所缘]之味的作用，使心牢牢地绑在所缘上。一境性的特相是定，它使心如如不动地安置于所缘。禅那缘释义结束。
Ayañca attho vitakkādīnaṃ jhānaṅgadhammānaṃ visuṃ visuṃ sabhāva lakkhaṇehi dīpetabbo. Sampayuttadhamme ārammaṇābhiniropana lakkhaṇo vitakko, so cittaṃ ārammaṇe daḷhaṃ niyojeti. Ārammaṇānumajjanalakkhaṇo vicāro, so cittaṃ ārammaṇe daḷhaṃ saṃyojeti. Ārammaṇasampiyāyanalakkhaṇāpīti, sā cittaṃ ārammaṇe parituṭṭhaṃ karoti. Tissopi vedanā ārammaṇarasānu bhavanalakkhaṇā, tāpi cittaṃ ārammaṇe iṭṭhāniṭṭhamajjhattarasānubhavana kiccena daḷhappaṭibaddhaṃ karonti. Samādhānalakkhaṇā ekaggatā, sāpi cittaṃ ārammaṇe niccalaṃ katvā ṭhapetīti. Jhānapaccayadīpanā niṭṭhitā.