MN 96 · 伊苏咖利经
436如是我闻：有一次，世尊住在舍卫城的祇园给孤独园里。那时，伊苏咖利婆罗门来拜访世尊。到了以后，他和世尊互相问候致意。在愉快、值得回味的交谈结束之后，他坐在一旁。坐在一旁的伊苏咖利婆罗门对世尊这样说：“乔达摩先生啊，婆罗门们规定了四种侍奉：他们规定了对婆罗门的侍奉，规定了对刹帝利的侍奉，规定了对吠舍的侍奉，规定了对首陀罗的侍奉。乔达摩先生，关于这点，婆罗门们对婆罗门的侍奉是这样规定的：‘婆罗门应该侍奉婆罗门，刹帝利也应该侍奉婆罗门，吠舍也应该侍奉婆罗门，首陀罗也应该侍奉婆罗门。’乔达摩先生，这就是婆罗门们对婆罗门的侍奉所规定的。乔达摩先生，关于这点，婆罗门们对刹帝利的侍奉是这样规定的：‘刹帝利应该侍奉刹帝利，吠舍也应该侍奉刹帝利，首陀罗也应该侍奉刹帝利。’乔达摩先生，这就是婆罗门们对刹帝利的侍奉所规定的。乔达摩先生，关于这点，婆罗门们对吠舍的侍奉是这样规定的：‘吠舍应该侍奉吠舍，首陀罗也应该侍奉吠舍。’乔达摩先生，这就是婆罗门们对吠舍的侍奉所规定的。乔达摩先生，关于这点，婆罗门们对首陀罗的侍奉是这样规定的：‘首陀罗只能侍奉首陀罗。还有谁会去侍奉首陀罗呢？’乔达摩先生，这就是婆罗门们对首陀罗的侍奉所规定的。乔达摩先生，婆罗门们规定了这四种侍奉。在这个问题上，乔达摩先生您怎么说呢？”
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho esukārī brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho esukārī brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, catasso pāricariyā paññapenti – brāhmaṇassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti, khattiyassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti, vessassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti, suddassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti – ‘brāhmaṇo vā brāhmaṇaṃ paricareyya, khattiyo vā brāhmaṇaṃ paricareyya, vesso vā brāhmaṇaṃ paricareyya, suddo vā brāhmaṇaṃ paricareyyā’ti. Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā khattiyassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti – ‘khattiyo vā khattiyaṃ paricareyya, vesso vā khattiyaṃ paricareyya, suddo vā khattiyaṃ paricareyyā’ti. Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā khattiyassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā vessassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti – ‘vesso vā vessaṃ paricareyya, suddo vā vessaṃ paricareyyā’ti. Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā vessassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti . Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā suddassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti – ‘suddova suddaṃ paricareyya. Ko panañño suddaṃ paricarissatī’ti? Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā suddassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, imā catasso pāricariyā paññapenti. Idha bhavaṃ gotamo kimāhā’’ti?
437“婆罗门，难道全世界都同意婆罗门们的说法：‘让他们规定这四种侍奉’吗？”“乔达摩先生，并非如此。”“婆罗门，这就像一个贫穷、一无所有、身无分文的人，有人在他不愿意的情况下，强行把一块肉挂在他脖子上，说：‘喂，伙计，这块肉你必须吃掉，而且钱你也得照付。’正是这样，婆罗门，这些规定并没有得到那些沙门和婆罗门的认可，但婆罗门们还是强行规定了这四种侍奉。婆罗门，我并不是说‘所有的人都应该去侍奉’；婆罗门，我也不是说‘所有的人都不要去侍奉’。婆罗门，如果一个人因为侍奉，由于这种侍奉行为而变得更坏，而不是更好，我不会说‘应该侍奉他’；但如果一个人因为侍奉，由于这种侍奉行为而变得更好，而不是更坏，我就会说‘应该侍奉他’。婆罗门，如果有人这样去问一位刹帝利：‘在你侍奉的情况下，由于侍奉行为，会让你变得更坏而不是更好的是哪一种？在你侍奉的情况下，由于侍奉行为，会让你变得更好而不是更坏的是哪一种？在这种情况下，你会去侍奉谁呢？’婆罗门，如果那位刹帝利正确回答的话，他会这样回答：‘那种让我在侍奉时，由于侍奉行为而变得更坏而不是更好的，我不会去侍奉他；那种让我在侍奉时，由于侍奉行为而变得更好而不是更坏的，我会去侍奉他。’婆罗门，同样地，如果去问一位婆罗门……（中略）……去问一位吠舍……（中略）……婆罗门，如果这样去问一位首陀罗：‘在你侍奉的情况下，由于侍奉行为，会让你变得更坏而不是更好的是哪一种？在你侍奉的情况下，由于侍奉行为，会让你变得更好而不是更坏的是哪一种？在这种情况下，你会去侍奉谁呢？’婆罗门，如果那位首陀罗正确回答的话，他也会这样回答：‘那种让我在侍奉时，由于侍奉行为而变得更坏而不是更好的，我不会去侍奉他；那种让我在侍奉时，由于侍奉行为而变得更好而不是更坏的，我会去侍奉他。’婆罗门，我并不是说‘出身高贵就更好’，但我也不说‘出身高贵就更坏’；婆罗门，我并不是说‘容貌殊胜就更好’，但我也不说‘容貌殊胜就更坏’；婆罗门，我并不是说‘财富丰厚就更好’，但我也不说‘财富丰厚就更坏’。
‘‘Kiṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, sabbo loko brāhmaṇānaṃ etadabbhanujānāti – ‘imā catasso pāricariyā paññapentū’’’ti ? ‘‘No hidaṃ, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, puriso daliddo assako anāḷhiyo. Tassa akāmassa bilaṃ olaggeyyuṃ – ‘idaṃ te, ambho purisa, maṃsaṃ khāditabbaṃ, mūlañca anuppadātabba’nti. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā appaṭiññāya tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ, atha ca panimā catasso pāricariyā paññapenti. Nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘sabbaṃ paricaritabba’nti vadāmi; nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘sabbaṃ na paricaritabba’nti vadāmi. Yaṃ hissa, brāhmaṇa, paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, nāhaṃ taṃ ‘paricaritabba’nti vadāmi; yañca khvāssa, brāhmaṇa, paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo tamahaṃ ‘paricaritabba’nti vadāmi. Khattiyaṃ cepi, brāhmaṇa, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘yaṃ vā te paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, yaṃ vā te paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo; kamettha paricareyyāsī’ti, khattiyopi hi, brāhmaṇa , sammā byākaramāno evaṃ byākareyya – ‘yañhi me paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, nāhaṃ taṃ paricareyyaṃ; yañca kho me paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo tamahaṃ paricareyya’nti. Brāhmaṇaṃ cepi, brāhmaṇa…pe… vessaṃ cepi, brāhmaṇa…pe… suddaṃ cepi, brāhmaṇa, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘yaṃ vā te paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, yaṃ vā te paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo; kamettha paricareyyāsī’ti, suddopi hi, brāhmaṇa, sammā byākaramāno evaṃ byākareyya – ‘yañhi me paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, nāhaṃ taṃ paricareyyaṃ; yañca kho me paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo tamahaṃ paricareyya’nti. Nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uccākulīnatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uccākulīnatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi; nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uḷāravaṇṇatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uḷāravaṇṇatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi; nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uḷārabhogatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uḷārabhogatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi.
438“婆罗门，因为一些出身高贵的人，也可能会杀生、偷盗、沉迷于不正当的性行为、说谎、挑拨离间、口出恶言、说废话、充满贪欲、心怀恶意、持有邪见。因此，我不说‘出身高贵就更好’。同样，婆罗门，也有一些出身高贵的人，远离了杀生、偷盗、不正当的性行为、说谎、挑拨离间、口出恶言、说废话，没有贪欲、没有恶意、持有正见。因此，我不说‘出身高贵就更坏’。
‘‘Uccākulīnopi hi, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti, pisuṇāvāco hoti, pharusāvāco hoti, samphappalāpī hoti, abhijjhālu hoti , byāpannacitto hoti, micchādiṭṭhi hoti. Tasmā ‘na uccākulīnatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi. Uccākulīnopi hi, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti. Tasmā ‘na uccākulīnatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi.
439“婆罗门，同样地，一些容貌殊胜的人……（中略）……一些财富丰厚的人，也会杀生……（中略）……持有邪见。因此，我不说‘财富丰厚就更好’。同样，婆罗门，一些财富丰厚的人，也远离了杀生……（中略）……持有正见。因此，我不说‘财富丰厚就更坏’。婆罗门，我并不是说‘所有的人都应该去侍奉’，我也不是说‘所有的人都不要去侍奉’。婆罗门，如果一个人因为侍奉，由于这种侍奉行为，他的信心增长了，戒行增长了，听闻增长了，布施增长了，智慧增长了，我会说‘应该侍奉他’。婆罗门，如果一个人因为侍奉，由于这种侍奉行为，他的信心没有增长，戒行没有增长，听闻没有增长，布施没有增长，智慧没有增长，我不会说‘应该侍奉他’。”
‘‘Uḷāravaṇṇopi hi, brāhmaṇa…pe… uḷārabhogopi hi, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco pāṇātipātī hoti…pe… micchādiṭṭhi hoti. Tasmā ‘na uḷārabhogatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi. Uḷārabhogopi hi, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti. Tasmā ‘na uḷārabhogatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi. Nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘sabbaṃ paricaritabba’nti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘sabbaṃ na paricaritabba’nti vadāmi. Yaṃ hissa, brāhmaṇa, paricarato pāricariyāhetu saddhā vaḍḍhati, sīlaṃ vaḍḍhati, sutaṃ vaḍḍhati, cāgo vaḍḍhati, tamahaṃ ‘paricaritabba’nti (vadāmi. Yaṃ hissa, brāhmaṇa, paricarato pāricariyāhetu na saddhā vaḍḍhati, na sīlaṃ vaḍḍhati, na sutaṃ vaḍḍhati, na cāgo vaḍḍhati, na paññā vaḍḍhati, nāhaṃ taṃ ‘paricaritabba’nti) vadāmī’’ti.
440听完这话，伊苏咖利婆罗门对世尊这样说：“太好了，乔达摩尊者，太好了，乔达摩尊者！……请乔达摩尊者接纳我为在家信徒，从今日起，直至生命终结，我都皈依您。”
Evaṃ vutte, esukārī brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
441“婆罗门，难道全世界都同意婆罗门们的说法：‘让他们规定这四种财富’吗？”“乔达摩先生，并非如此。”“婆罗门，这就像一个贫穷、一无所有、身无分文的人，有人在他不愿意的情况下，强行把一块肉挂在他脖子上，说：‘喂，伙计，这块肉你必须吃掉，而且钱你也得照付。’正是这样，婆罗门，这些规定并没有得到那些沙门和婆罗门的认可，但婆罗门们还是强行规定了这四种财富。婆罗门，我所规定的人的财富，是那圣的、出世间的法。当他回忆起自己的母系父系、从过去传承下来的家族血统时，不管他在哪里获得了再生，他就依据那个出生来被称呼。如果他在刹帝利家中获得再生，他就被称作‘刹帝利’；如果他在婆罗门家中获得再生，他就被称作‘婆罗门’；如果他在吠舍家中获得再生，他就被称作‘吠舍’；如果他在首陀罗家中获得再生，他就被称作‘首陀罗’。婆罗门，这就好比火，它是依靠什么燃料燃烧的，就根据那个燃料来被称呼：如果是依靠木柴燃烧的火，就叫做‘木柴火’；如果是依靠碎屑燃烧的火，就叫做‘碎屑火’；如果是依靠草燃烧的火，就叫做‘草火’；如果是依靠牛粪燃烧的火，就叫做‘牛粪火’。正是这样，婆罗门，我所规定的人的财富，是那圣的、出世间的法。当他回忆起自己的母系父系、从过去传承下来的家族血统时，不管他在哪里获得了再生，他就依据那个出生来被称呼。”
‘‘Kiṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, sabbo loko brāhmaṇānaṃ etadabbhanujānāti – ‘imāni cattāri dhanāni paññapentū’’’ti? ‘‘No hidaṃ, bho gotama’’. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, puriso daliddo assako anāḷhiyo. Tassa akāmassa bilaṃ olaggeyyuṃ – ‘idaṃ te, ambho purisa, maṃsaṃ khāditabbaṃ, mūlañca anuppadātabba’nti. Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā appaṭiññāya tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ, atha ca panimāni cattāri dhanāni paññapenti. Ariyaṃ kho ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, lokuttaraṃ dhammaṃ purisassa sandhanaṃ paññapemi. Porāṇaṃ kho panassa mātāpettikaṃ kulavaṃsaṃ anussarato yattha yattheva attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti tena teneva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Khattiyakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘khattiyo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; brāhmaṇakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘brāhmaṇo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; vessakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘vesso’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; suddakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘suddo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, yaṃyadeva paccayaṃ paṭicca aggi jalati tena teneva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Kaṭṭhañce paṭicca aggi jalati ‘kaṭṭhaggi’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; sakalikañce paṭicca aggi jalati ‘sakalikaggi’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; tiṇañce paṭicca aggi jalati ‘tiṇaggi’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; gomayañce paṭicca aggi jalati ‘gomayaggi’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Evameva kho ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ariyaṃ lokuttaraṃ dhammaṃ purisassa sandhanaṃ paññapemi. Porāṇaṃ kho panassa mātāpettikaṃ kulavaṃsaṃ anussarato yattha yattheva attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti tena teneva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.
7如果一个人在刹帝利家族中获得了自我的重生，他就被归类为'刹帝利'；如果一个人在婆罗门家族中获得了自我的重生，他就被归类为'婆罗门'；如果一个人在吠舍家族中获得了自我的重生，他就被归类为'吠舍'；如果一个人在首陀罗家族中获得了自我的重生，他就被归类为'首陀罗'。
‘‘Khattiyakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘khattiyo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; brāhmaṇakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘brāhmaṇo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; vessakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘vesso’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; suddakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘suddo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.
8婆罗门，即使有人从刹帝利家族离家出家，过着无家的生活，他若遵循如来所宣说的法、律，便能远离杀生，远离偷盗，远离非梵行，远离妄语，远离离间语，远离粗恶语，远离绮语，不贪求，心无嗔恚，具足正见，他就成就了这正道、善法。
‘‘Khattiyakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, abrahmacariyā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
9婆罗门，即使有人从婆罗门家族离家出家，过着无家的生活，他若遵循如来所宣说的法、律，便能远离杀生……（中略）……具足正见，他就成就了这正道、善法。
‘‘Brāhmaṇakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
10婆罗门，即使有人从吠舍家族离家出家，过着无家的生活，他若遵循如来所宣说的法、律，便能远离杀生……（中略）……具足正见，他就成就了这正道、善法。
‘‘Vessakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
11婆罗门，即使有人从首陀罗家族离家出家，过着无家的生活，他若遵循如来所宣说的法、律，便能远离杀生……（中略）……具足正见，他就成就了这正道、善法。
‘‘Suddakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
442婆罗门，你认为如何？只有婆罗门能在这个领域修习无怨、无害、充满慈爱的心，而刹帝利、吠舍、首陀罗都不能吗？”“不，乔达摩尊者。乔达摩尊者，刹帝利也能在这个领域修习无怨、无害、充满慈爱的心；乔达摩尊者，婆罗门也能……吠舍也能……首陀罗也能……乔达摩尊者，事实上，所有四个种姓类别，都能在这个领域修习无怨、无害、充满慈爱的心。”“正是如此，婆罗门，即使有人从刹帝利家族离家出家，过着无家的生活，他若遵循如来所宣说的法、律，便能远离杀生……（中略）……具足正见，他就成就了这正道、善法。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇova nu kho pahoti asmiṃ padese averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ mettacittaṃ bhāvetuṃ, no khattiyo no vesso no suddo’’ti? ‘‘No hidaṃ, bho gotama. Khattiyopi hi, bho gotama, pahoti asmiṃ padese averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ mettacittaṃ bhāvetuṃ; brāhmaṇopi hi, bho gotama… vessopi hi, bho gotama… suddopi hi, bho gotama… sabbepi hi, bho gotama, cattāro vaṇṇā pahonti asmiṃ padese averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ mettacittaṃ bhāvetu’’nti. ‘‘Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
13婆罗门，如果从刹帝利家……婆罗门，如果从婆罗门家……吠舍家……首陀罗家，从在家而出家过无家的生活，他依止如来所教导的法与律后，远离杀生……乃至……具足正见，他就成就了这正确的、善的法。
‘‘Brāhmaṇakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa… vessakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa… suddakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
443“婆罗门，你怎么看？是不是只有婆罗门才能拿着澡豆粉到河里去洗掉尘垢，刹帝利不能，吠舍不能，首陀罗不能呢？”“不是这样的，乔达摩尊者。乔达摩尊者，刹帝利也能拿着澡豆粉到河里去洗掉尘垢；婆罗门也能……吠舍也能……首陀罗也能……乔达摩尊者，所有的四种种姓，都能拿着澡豆粉到河里去洗掉尘垢。”“正是如此，婆罗门，如果从刹帝利家，从在家而出家过无家的生活，他依止如来所教导的法与律后，远离杀生……乃至……具足正见，他就成就了这正确的、善的法。
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇova nu kho pahoti sottisināniṃ ādāya nadiṃ gantvā rajojallaṃ pavāhetuṃ, no khattiyo no vesso no suddo’’ti? ‘‘No hidaṃ, bho gotama . Khattiyopi hi, bho gotama, pahoti sottisināniṃ ādāya nadiṃ gantvā rajojallaṃ pavāhetuṃ; brāhmaṇopi hi, bho gotama… vessopi hi, bho gotama … suddopi hi, bho gotama… sabbepi hi, bho gotama, cattāro vaṇṇā pahonti sottisināniṃ ādāya nadiṃ gantvā rajojallaṃ pavāhetu’’nti. ‘‘Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
15婆罗门，如果从婆罗门家……婆罗门，如果从吠舍家……婆罗门，如果从首陀罗家，从在家而出家过无家的生活，他依止如来所教导的法与律后，远离杀生……乃至……具足正见，他就成就了这正确的、善的法。
‘‘Brāhmaṇakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa… vessakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa… suddakulā cepi , brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
444“婆罗门，你怎么看？假如有一位已经登基灌顶的刹帝利王，召集起一百位来自不同种姓的人，对他们说：‘来啊，诸位！凡是出生于刹帝利家、婆罗门家、王族家的人，请你们用栴檀木、或沙罗木、或沙拉腊木、或檀香木、或红莲木做取火钻，来钻出火，让火显现！也来啊，诸位！凡是出生于旃陀罗家、猎人、竹匠、车匠、拾荒者家的人，请你们用狗食槽、或猪食槽、或染匠的槽、或蓖麻木做取火钻，来钻出火，让火显现！’”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, idha rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto nānājaccānaṃ purisānaṃ purisasataṃ sannipāteyya – ‘āyantu bhonto ye tattha khattiyakulā brāhmaṇakulā rājaññakulā uppannā sākassa vā sālassa vā salaḷassa vā candanassa vā padumakassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggiṃ abhinibbattentu, tejo pātukarontu; āyantu pana bhonto ye tattha caṇḍālakulā nesādakulā venakulā rathakārakulā pukkusakulā uppannā sāpānadoṇiyā vā sūkaradoṇiyā vā rajakadoṇiyā vā eraṇḍakaṭṭhassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggiṃ abhinibbattentu, tejo pātukarontū’’’ti?
17“婆罗门，你怎么看？是不是只有那些由刹帝利、婆罗门、王族出身的人，用栴檀木、沙罗木、沙拉腊木、檀香木或红莲木做取火钻所生的火，才是有火焰、有光泽、有光明的，而且能用这火做火该做的事；而那些由旃陀罗家、猎人、竹匠、车匠、拾荒者家出身的人，用狗槽、猪槽、染缸或蓖麻木做取火钻所生的火，就没有火焰、没有光泽、没有光明，也不能用这火做火该做的事呢？”“不是这样的，乔达摩尊者。乔达摩尊者，那些由刹帝利、婆罗门、王族出身的人，用上等木材所生的火，也是有火焰、有光泽、有光明的，而且能用这火做火该做的事；而那些由旃陀罗、猎人、竹匠、车匠、拾荒者家出身的人，用下等木材所生的火，同样也是有火焰、有光泽、有光明的，而且也能用这火做火该做的事。乔达摩尊者，实际上所有的火，都有火焰、有光泽、有光明，所有的火都能做火该做的事。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, yo evaṃ nu kho so khattiyakulā brāhmaṇakulā rājaññakulā uppannehi sākassa vā sālassa vā salaḷassa vā candanassa vā padumakassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggi abhinibbatto tejo pātukato so eva nu khvāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro ca tena ca sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātuṃ; yo pana so caṇḍālakulā nesādakulā venakulā rathakārakulā pukkusakulā uppannehi sāpānadoṇiyā vā sūkaradoṇiyā vā rajakadoṇiyā vā eraṇḍakaṭṭhassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggi abhinibbatto tejo pātukato svāssa aggi na ceva accimā na ca vaṇṇavā na ca pabhassaro na ca tena sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘No hidaṃ, bho gotama. Yopi hi so, bho gotama, khattiyakulā brāhmaṇakulā rājaññakulā uppannehi sākassa vā sālassa vā salaḷassa vā candanassa vā padumakassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggi abhinibbatto tejo pātukato svāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro ca tena ca sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātuṃ; yopi so caṇḍālakulā nesādakulā venakulā rathakārakulā pukkusakulā uppannehi sāpānadoṇiyā vā sūkaradoṇiyā vā rajakadoṇiyā vā eraṇḍakaṭṭhassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggi abhinibbatto tejo pātukato svāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro ca tena ca sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātuṃ. Sabbopi hi, bho gotama, aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro ca sabbenapi sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātu’’nti.
18“正是如此，婆罗门，如果从刹帝利家，从在家而出家过无家的生活，他依止如来所教导的法与律后，远离杀生……乃至……具足正见，他就成就了这正确的、善的法。婆罗门，如果从婆罗门家……婆罗门，如果从吠舍家……婆罗门，如果从首陀罗家，从在家而出家过无家的生活，他依止如来所教导的法与律后，就远离杀生，远离不与取，远离非梵行，远离妄语，远离两舌，远离恶口，远离绮语，断除贪欲，心怀无嗔，具足正见，他就成就了这正确的、善的法。”
‘‘Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ. Brāhmaṇakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa… vessakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa… suddakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, abrahmacariyā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti.
19听到这些话后，伊苏咖利婆罗门对世尊这样说：“乔达摩先生啊，婆罗门们规定了四种财富：他们规定了婆罗门的财富，规定了刹帝利的财富，规定了吠舍的财富，规定了首陀罗的财富。乔达摩先生，关于这点，婆罗门们规定婆罗门的财富是乞食。而如果一个婆罗门轻视乞食这种财富，他就是不守本分的人，就像看管牛群的人擅自拿走没给他的东西一样。乔达摩先生，这就是婆罗门们为婆罗门规定的财富。乔达摩先生，关于这点，婆罗门们规定刹帝利的财富是弓箭。而如果一个刹帝利轻视弓箭这种财富，他就是不守本分的人，就像看管牛群的人擅自拿走没给他的东西一样。乔达摩先生，这就是婆罗门们为刹帝利规定的财富。乔达摩先生，关于这点，婆罗门们规定吠舍的财富是耕种与畜牧。而如果一个吠舍轻视耕种与畜牧这种财富，他就是不守本分的人，就像看管牛群的人擅自拿走没给他的东西一样。乔达摩先生，这就是婆罗门们为吠舍规定的财富。乔达摩先生，关于这点，婆罗门们规定首陀罗的财富是镰刀与扁担。而如果一个首陀罗轻视镰刀与扁担这种财富，他就是不守本分的人，就像看管牛群的人擅自拿走没给他的东西一样。乔达摩先生，这就是婆罗门们为首陀罗规定的财富。乔达摩先生，婆罗门们规定了这四种财富。在这个问题上，乔达摩先生您怎么说呢？”
Evaṃ vutte, esukārī brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, cattāri dhanāni paññapenti – brāhmaṇassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti, khattiyassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti, vessassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti, suddassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti bhikkhācariyaṃ; bhikkhācariyañca pana brāhmaṇo sandhanaṃ atimaññamāno akiccakārī hoti gopova adinnaṃ ādiyamānoti. Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā khattiyassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti dhanukalāpaṃ; dhanukalāpañca pana khattiyo sandhanaṃ atimaññamāno akiccakārī hoti gopova adinnaṃ ādiyamānoti. Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā khattiyassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā vessassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti kasigorakkhaṃ; kasigorakkhañca pana vesso sandhanaṃ atimaññamāno akiccakārī hoti gopova adinnaṃ ādiyamānoti. Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā vessassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā suddassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti asitabyābhaṅgiṃ; asitabyābhaṅgiñca pana suddo sandhanaṃ atimaññamāno akiccakārī hoti gopova adinnaṃ ādiyamānoti. Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā suddassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, imāni cattāri dhanāni paññapenti. Idha bhavaṃ gotamo kimāhā’’ti?
20诶苏咖哩经完 第六
Esukārīsuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ.