MN 71 · 三明婆蹉经
185如是我闻：一时，世尊住在毗舍离城的大林重阁讲堂。那时，游方者婆蹉正住在名为“一莲池”的游方者园中。那天上午，世尊整好下衣，持着衣钵，进入毗舍离城乞食。那时，世尊心想：“此时去毗舍离城乞食，为时尚早。何不先去一莲池游方者园，寻访游方者婆蹉？”于是，世尊便往一莲池游方者园——游方者婆蹉的住处走去。游方者婆蹉远远望见世尊走来。见世尊后，便对世尊说：“尊者，世尊，请过来！欢迎您，尊者世尊！世尊已久未绕道来此，今日能来，实在难得。世尊，请坐，此处已备好座位。”世尊便在已铺好的座位上坐下。游方者婆蹉也取了一张矮凳，坐在一旁。坐于一旁的游方者婆蹉对世尊这样说道：“尊者，我曾听闻这样的说法：‘沙门乔达摩是无所不知、无所不见的，他宣称拥有完全无余的知见，无论是行走、站立、沉睡还是清醒时，这种知见都恒常不断现前。’尊者，那些这样说的人——‘沙门乔达摩是无所不知、无所不见的，他宣称拥有完全无余的知见，无论是行走、站立、沉睡还是清醒时，这种知见都恒常不断现前’——他们所言，是否如实宣说世尊所说？是否未以不实之辞诽谤世尊？是否依法、如法而说？是否不会使任何一位同修的正当质问与辩驳沦为应受呵责的过失？”“婆蹉，那些这样说的人——‘沙门乔达摩是无所不知、无所不见的，他宣称拥有完全无余的知见，无论是行走、站立、沉睡还是清醒时，这种知见都恒常不断现前’——他们所言，并非我真实所说，他们是以不实、虚假之事诽谤我。”
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena vacchagotto paribbājako ekapuṇḍarīke paribbājakārāme paṭivasati. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘atippago kho tāva vesāliyaṃ piṇḍāya carituṃ; yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena ekapuṇḍarīko paribbājakārāmo yena vacchagotto paribbājako tenupasaṅkameyya’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā yena ekapuṇḍarīko paribbājakārāmo yena vacchagotto paribbājako tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho vacchagotto paribbājako bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etu kho, bhante, bhagavā. Svāgataṃ , bhante, bhagavato. Cirassaṃ kho, bhante, bhagavā imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Nisīdatu, bhante, bhagavā idamāsanaṃ paññatta’’nti. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Vacchagottopi kho paribbājako aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho vacchagotto paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘samaṇo gotamo sabbaññū sabbadassāvī, aparise+saṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paṭijānāti, carato ca me tiṭṭhato ca suttassa ca jāgarassa ca satataṃ samitaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paccupaṭṭhita’nti. Ye te, bhante, evamāhaṃsu – ‘samaṇo gotamo sabbaññū sabbadassāvī, aparisesaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paṭijānāti, carato ca me tiṭṭhato ca suttassa ca jāgarassa ca satataṃ samitaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paccupaṭṭhita’nti, kacci te, bhante, bhagavato vuttavādino, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhanti, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākaronti, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchatī’’ti? ‘‘Ye te, vaccha, evamāhaṃsu – ‘samaṇo gotamo sabbaññū sabbadassāvī, aparisesaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paṭijānāti, carato ca me tiṭṭhato ca suttassa ca jāgarassa ca satataṃ samitaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ paccupaṭṭhita’nti, na me te vuttavādino, abbhācikkhanti ca pana maṃ asatā abhūtenā’’ti.
186“尊者，既然如此，我们应如何解说，才能如实说出世尊之所言，不以不实之言诽谤世尊，依法、随法而说，且不被任何同修的如法质问与反驳所责难呢？”
‘‘Kathaṃ byākaramānā pana mayaṃ, bhante, vuttavādino ceva bhagavato assāma, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyāma, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyāma, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’ti?
3婆蹉，若有人解说：‘沙门乔达摩是三明者’，这便是说我所说过的话，并非以不实之语诽谤我，是随法而说，而且不会有任何如法的质难与批评落到可受谴责的地方。婆蹉，因为只要我愿意，便能忆念种种过去生，也就是：一生、二生……像这样，我可以带着种种细节与特征，忆念种种过去生。婆蹉，因为只要我愿意，便能以清净、超越常人的天眼，看见有情众生死去、结生，有低劣的、有高尚的，有美丽的、有丑陋的，有投生善趣的、有投生恶趣的……我如实了知众生随其业力而流转。婆蹉，因为我已经断尽诸漏，在现法中，自己以证智证得无漏的心解脱、慧解脱而安住。
‘‘‘Tevijjo samaṇo gotamo’ti kho, vaccha, byākaramāno vuttavādī ceva me assa, na ca maṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyya, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyya, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyya. Ahañhi, vaccha, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi. Ahañhi, vaccha, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi. Ahañhi, vaccha, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi.
4婆蹉，若这样解说“沙门乔达摩是三明者”，便是依我所说而言，并未以不实之词诽谤我，是依法随法而解说，且任何如法者的质问与驳斥，都不会落到应受谴责的地步。
‘‘‘Tevijjo samaṇo gotamo’ti kho, vaccha, byākaramāno vuttavādī ceva me assa, na ca maṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyya, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyya, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’ti.
5听了这话，游方者婆蹉对世尊说：“乔达摩尊者，可有在家居士，未断在家之结缚，于身坏之后能作苦之边际吗？”“婆蹉，无有在家居士，未断在家之结缚，于身坏之后能作苦之边际。”
Evaṃ vutte, vacchagotto paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, bho gotama, koci gihī gihisaṃyojanaṃ appahāya kāyassa bhedā dukkhassantakaro’’ti? ‘‘Natthi kho, vaccha, koci gihī gihisaṃyojanaṃ appahāya kāyassa bhedā dukkhassantakaro’’ti.
6“乔达摩尊者，那么，可有在家居士，未断在家之结缚，于身坏之后投生天界呢？”“婆蹉，不止一百位，不止两百位、三百位、四百位、五百位，更有远多于此数的在家居士，未断在家之结缚，于身坏之后投生天界。”
‘‘Atthi pana, bho gotama, koci gihī gihisaṃyojanaṃ appahāya kāyassa bhedā saggūpago’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, vaccha, ekaṃyeva sataṃ na dve satāni na tīṇi satāni na cattāri satāni na pañca satāni, atha kho bhiyyova ye gihī gihisaṃyojanaṃ appahāya kāyassa bhedā saggūpagā’’ti .
7“乔达摩尊者，可有邪命外道，于身坏命终后能作为苦的终结者？”“婆蹉，无有任何邪命外道，于身坏命终后能作为苦的终结者。”
‘‘Atthi nu kho, bho gotama, koci ājīvako kāyassa bhedā dukkhassantakaro’’ti? ‘‘Natthi kho, vaccha, koci ājīvako kāyassa bhedā dukkhassantakaro’’ti.
8“那么，乔达摩尊者，可有邪命外道，于身坏命终后往生天界吗？”“婆蹉，我忆念过去九十一劫，除一人外，不曾见有任何邪命外道往生天界；而此人，是主张有业、主张有作为的。”“乔达摩尊者，如是，那个外道修行处所，竟连一位往生天界者也了不可得吗？”“是的，婆蹉，那个外道修行处所，连一位往生天界者也了不可得。”
‘‘Atthi pana, bho gotama, koci ājīvako kāyassa bhedā saggūpago’’ti? ‘‘Ito kho so, vaccha, ekanavuto kappo yamahaṃ anussarāmi, nābhijānāmi kañci ājīvakaṃ saggūpagaṃ aññatra ekena; sopāsi kammavādī kiriyavādī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ sante, bho gotama, suññaṃ aduṃ titthāyatanaṃ antamaso saggūpagenapī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, vaccha, suññaṃ aduṃ titthāyatanaṃ antamaso saggūpagenapī’’ti.
9世尊说此语已。游方者婆蹉心生欢喜，于世尊所说随喜赞叹。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano vacchagotto paribbājako bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
10《三明婆蹉经》第一 终
Tevijjavacchasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.