MN 67 · 咖都马经
157如是我闻：有一次，世尊住在咖都马的阿马拉基林。那时，以舍利弗和大目犍连为首的约五百位比丘，来到咖都马拜访世尊。那些新来的比丘正和常住比丘互相问好打招呼，安排住处，收拾衣钵，发出了很大的嘈杂声。于是，世尊便对具寿阿难陀说：‘阿难陀，这些大声嘈杂的是什么人？我看简直就像渔夫在抢鱼时争吵一样。’‘尊者，那些正是以舍利弗和大目犍连为首的约五百位比丘，来到咖都马拜访世尊。那些新来的比丘正和常住比丘互相问好打招呼，安排住处，收拾衣钵，才发出了很大的嘈杂声。’‘既然如此，阿难陀，你以我的名义去告诉那些比丘：“导师召唤诸位具寿。”’‘好的，尊者。’具寿阿难陀回应世尊后，就去到那些比丘那里，对他们说：‘导师召唤诸位具寿。’‘好的，贤友。’那些比丘回应具寿阿难陀后，就去到世尊那里，顶礼世尊后，在一旁坐下。当那些比丘坐在一旁时，世尊对他们说：‘比丘们，你们为什么发出这么大的嘈杂声？我看简直就像渔夫在抢鱼时争吵一样。’‘尊者，这些是以舍利弗和大目犍连为首的约五百位比丘，来到咖都马拜访世尊。这些都是新来的比丘，正和常住比丘互相问好打招呼，安排住处，收拾衣钵，才发出了很大的嘈杂声。’‘去吧，比丘们，我遣散你们，你们不应再住在我身边。’‘好的，尊者。’那些比丘回应世尊后，从座位上站起，顶礼世尊，右绕之后，收拾好住处，拿着衣钵离开了。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā cātumāyaṃ viharati āmalakīvane. Tena kho pana samayena sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃ anuppattāni honti bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Te ca āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā ahesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ke panete, ānanda, uccāsaddā mahāsaddā, kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope’’ti? ‘‘Etāni, bhante, sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃ anuppattāni bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Te āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā’’ti. ‘‘Tenahānanda, mama vacanena te bhikkhū āmantehi – ‘satthā āyasmante āmantetī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘satthā āyasmante āmantetī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu tumhe, bhikkhave, uccāsaddā mahāsaddā, kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope’’ti? ‘‘Imāni, bhante, sāriputtamoggallānappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃ anuppattāni bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Teme āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā’’ti. ‘‘Gacchatha, bhikkhave, paṇāmemi vo, na vo mama santike vatthabba’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya pakkamiṃsu.
158那时，四目的释迦人正好因为某些事务聚集在会堂里。四目的释迦人远远地看见那些比丘走来，看到后，就去到那些比丘那里，对那些比丘说：‘吁！诸位具寿，你们这是要去哪里？’‘贤友，世尊把比丘僧团遣散了。’‘那么，请诸位具寿在这里稍坐片刻，说不定我们能想办法让世尊重新欢喜接纳你们。’‘好的，贤友。’那些比丘就这样接受了四目的释迦人的提议。接着，四目的释迦人就去到世尊那里，顶礼世尊后，在一旁坐下。坐在一旁的这些四目的释迦人对世尊这样说：‘尊者，愿世尊欣然接纳比丘僧团！愿世尊善言招呼比丘僧团！尊者，就像世尊过去曾经护持比丘僧团那样，愿世尊现在也同样护持比丘僧团吧！尊者，在这僧团中，有一些新来的、出家不久、刚刚进入这法与律的比丘。如果他们得不到拜见世尊的机会，他们的心态可能会改变，可能会变质。尊者，这就像那些幼嫩的种子，如果得不到水，它们的本性就会改变，会变质；同样地，尊者，在这僧团中，有一些新来的、出家不久、刚刚进入这法与律的比丘，如果他们得不到拜见世尊的机会，他们的心态可能会改变，可能会变质。尊者，又好像一头幼小的小牛，如果见不到母亲，它的本性就会改变，会变质；同样地，尊者，在这僧团中，有一些新来的、出家不久、刚刚进入这法与律的比丘，如果他们见不到世尊，他们的心态可能会改变，可能会变质。愿世尊欣然接纳比丘僧团！愿世尊善言招呼比丘僧团！尊者，就像世尊过去曾经护持比丘僧团那样，愿世尊现在也同样护持比丘僧团吧！’
Tena kho pana samayena cātumeyyakā sakyā santhāgāre sannipatitā honti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Addasaṃsu kho cātumeyyakā sakyā te bhikkhū dūratova āgacchante; disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘handa, kahaṃ pana tumhe āyasmanto gacchathā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavatā kho, āvuso, bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito’’ti. ‘‘Tenahāyasmanto muhuttaṃ nisīdatha, appeva nāma mayaṃ sakkuṇeyyāma bhagavantaṃ pasādetu’’nti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū cātumeyyakānaṃ sakyānaṃ paccassosuṃ. Atha kho cātumeyyakā sakyā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho cātumeyyakā sakyā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhante , bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito, evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Santettha, bhante, bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ. Tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bījānaṃ taruṇānaṃ udakaṃ alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ siyā vipariṇāmo; evameva kho, bhante, santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi, bhante, vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṃ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo; evameva kho, bhante, santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito; evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅgha’’nti.
159那时，娑婆主梵天用自己的心感知了世尊心中的思虑，就像一个强壮的汉子伸直弯曲的手臂，或弯曲伸直的手臂那样快，瞬间从梵天界消失，出现在世尊面前。接着，娑婆主梵天把上衣搭在一肩，向世尊合掌致敬，然后对世尊这样说：‘愿世尊欣然接纳比丘僧团！愿世尊善言招呼比丘僧团！尊者，就像世尊过去曾经护持比丘僧团那样，愿世尊现在也同样护持比丘僧团吧！尊者，在这僧团中，有一些新来的、出家不久、刚刚进入这法与律的比丘。如果他们得不到拜见世尊的机会，他们的心态可能会改变，可能会变质。尊者，这就像那些幼嫩的种子，如果得不到水，它们的本性就会改变，会变质；同样地，尊者，在这僧团中，有一些新来的、出家不久、刚刚进入这法与律的比丘，如果他们得不到拜见世尊的机会，他们的心态可能会改变，可能会变质。尊者，又好像一头幼小的小牛，如果见不到母亲，它的本性就会改变，会变质；同样地，尊者，在这僧团中，有一些新来的、出家不久、刚刚进入这法与律的比丘，如果他们见不到世尊，他们的心态可能会改变，可能会变质。愿世尊欣然接纳比丘僧团！愿世尊善言招呼比丘僧团！尊者，就像世尊过去曾经护持比丘僧团那样，愿世尊现在也同样护持比丘僧团吧！’
Atha kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva – brahmaloke antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito; evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Santettha, bhante, bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bījānaṃ taruṇānaṃ udakaṃ alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo; evameva kho, bhante, santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Seyyathāpi bhante, vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṃ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo; evameva kho, bhante, santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā vipariṇāmo. Abhinandatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ; abhivadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhante, bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito; evameva bhagavā etarahi anuggaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅgha’’nti.
160那四目的释迦人和娑婆主梵天，分别用幼嫩种子和幼小牛犊的譬喻，成功地劝请了世尊重新接纳僧团。于是，具寿大目犍连招呼比丘们说：‘起来吧，贤友们，拿好你们的衣钵。四目的释迦人和娑婆主梵天，已经用幼嫩种子和幼小牛犊的譬喻，劝请世尊回心转意了。’‘好的，贤友。’那些比丘回应了具寿大目犍连后，从座位上站起来，拿着衣钵，就去到世尊那里，顶礼世尊后，在一旁坐下。当具寿舍利弗坐在一旁时，世尊这样问他：‘舍利弗，当比丘僧团被我遣散时，你是怎么想的？’‘尊者，当时我是这样想的：“世尊把比丘僧团遣散了。现在，世尊将会少事少务，安住于现法乐住；我们也将少事少务，安住于现法乐住。”’‘舍利弗，你且等等，舍利弗，你且等等！现法乐住的事以后再说吧！’然后，世尊又问具寿大目犍连：‘目犍连，当比丘僧团被我遣散时，你是怎么想的？’‘尊者，当时我是这样想的：“世尊把比丘僧团遣散了。现在，世尊将会少事少务，安住于现法乐住；那我和具寿舍利弗就来共同承担护持比丘僧团的责任吧。”’‘善哉，善哉，目犍连！要么是我来护持比丘僧团，要么是舍利弗和目犍连你们来护持，这才是对的。’
Asakkhiṃsu kho cātumeyyakā ca sakyā brahmā ca sahampati bhagavantaṃ pasādetuṃ bījūpamena ca taruṇūpamena ca. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘uṭṭhethāvuso, gaṇhatha pattacīvaraṃ. Pasādito bhagavā cātumeyyakehi ca sakyehi brahmunā ca sahampatinā bījūpamena ca taruṇūpamena cā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pattacīvaramādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kinti te, sāriputta, ahosi mayā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ kho me, bhante, ahosi – ‘bhagavatā bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito. Appossukko dāni bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ anuyutto viharissati, mayampi dāni appossukkā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāramanuyuttā viharissāmā’’’ti. ‘‘Āgamehi tvaṃ, sāriputta, āgamehi tvaṃ, sāriputta, diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāra’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘kinti te, moggallāna, ahosi mayā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ kho me, bhante, ahosi – ‘bhagavatā bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito. Appossukko dāni bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ anuyutto viharissati, ahañca dāni āyasmā ca sāriputto bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pariharissāmā’’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, moggallāna! Ahaṃ vā hi, moggallāna , bhikkhusaṅghaṃ parihareyyaṃ sāriputtamoggallānā vā’’ti.
161接着，世尊对比丘们说：‘比丘们，有这四种要进入水中的人应当预见到的恐怖。是哪四种呢？波浪的恐怖、鳄鱼的恐怖、漩涡的恐怖、鲨鱼的恐怖。比丘们，这就是进入水中的人应当预见到的四种恐怖。同样地，比丘们，有四种恐怖，是在这法与律中由在家而出家的某个人应当预见到的。是哪四种呢？波浪的恐怖、鳄鱼的恐怖、漩涡的恐怖、鲨鱼的恐怖。’
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, bhayāni udakorohante pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Katamāni cattāri? Ūmibhayaṃ , kumbhīlabhayaṃ, āvaṭṭabhayaṃ, susukābhayaṃ – imāni, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni udakorohante pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, cattārimāni bhayāni idhekacce puggale imasmiṃ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajite pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Katamāni cattāri? Ūmibhayaṃ, kumbhīlabhayaṃ, āvaṭṭabhayaṃ, susukābhayaṃ.
162‘比丘们，什么是波浪的恐怖呢？比丘们，这里有一个善家子弟，因为信心而从在家出家，过无家的生活。他想：“我陷在生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼之中，为苦所困，为苦所覆。但愿或许能明了这整个苦蕴的灭尽。” 当他这样出家后，同梵行者们教诫他、教导他：“你应该这样前进，你应该这样后退；你应该这样看前面，你应该这样看旁边；你应该这样弯曲肢体，你应该这样伸展肢体；你应该这样穿持僧伽梨衣、钵和衣服。” 他却这样想：“以前我在家的时候，都是我去教诫别人，教导别人。这些人依我看，不过像我的儿子辈、孙子辈一样，现在他们却觉得应该来教诫我、教导我吗？” 于是他舍弃了学处，退堕还俗了。比丘们，这就叫做一个人因为害怕波浪的恐怖而舍弃学处，退堕还俗。比丘们，“波浪的恐怖”，其实就是忿怒与恼害的同义词。’
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, ūmibhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti – ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. Tamenaṃ tathā pabbajitaṃ samānaṃ sabrahmacārī ovadanti, anusāsanti – ‘evaṃ te abhikkamitabbaṃ, evaṃ te paṭikkamitabbaṃ, evaṃ te ālokitabbaṃ, evaṃ te vilokitabbaṃ, evaṃ te samiñjitabbaṃ, evaṃ te pasāritabbaṃ, evaṃ te saṅghāṭipattacīvaraṃ dhāretabba’nti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā aññe ovadāma, anusāsāma . Ime panamhākaṃ puttamattā maññe, nattamattā maññe, amhe ovaditabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññantī’ti. So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ūmibhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. ‘Ūmibhaya’nti kho, bhikkhave, kodhupāyāsassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
163比丘们，什么是鳄鱼怖畏呢？比丘们，这里，某个善男子出于信心，从在家生活出家，过没有家的生活，他心里想：“我被生、老、死、忧愁、悲伤、苦痛、忧恼、绝望所淹没，被苦所淹没，被苦所逼。愿能了知这整个苦蕴的灭尽。”当他这样出家后，同梵行者们教导他、指导他说：“这个你可以吃，这个你不可以吃；这个你可以嚼食，这个你不可以嚼食；这个你可以尝，这个你不可以尝；这个你可以喝，这个你不可以喝。如法的你可以吃，不如法的你不可以吃；如法的你可以嚼食，不如法的你不可以嚼食；如法的你可以尝，不如法的你不可以尝；如法的你可以喝，不如法的你不可以喝。在合适时间你可以吃，非时你不可以吃；在合适时间你可以嚼食，非时你不可以嚼食；在合适时间你可以尝，非时你不可以尝；在合适时间你可以喝，非时你不可以喝。”他心里这样想：“以前我们在家的时候，想吃什么就吃什么，不想吃什么就不吃；想嚼什么就嚼什么，不想嚼什么就不嚼；想尝什么就尝什么，不想尝什么就不尝；想喝什么就喝什么，不想喝什么就不喝。如法的也吃，不如法的也吃；如法的也嚼，不如法的也嚼；如法的也尝，不如法的也尝；如法的也喝，不如法的也喝。合适时间也吃，非时也吃；合适时间也嚼，非时也嚼；合适时间也尝，非时也尝；合适时间也喝，非时也喝。而现在，那些有信心的居士们在白天非时供给我们殊胜的硬食和软食，这些人好像是在给我的嘴巴设障碍一样。”于是他舍弃学处，还归低劣。比丘们，这就叫做因害怕鳄鱼怖畏而舍弃学处，还归低劣。比丘们，‘鳄鱼怖畏’，这是对贪图口腹之欲的称呼。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, kumbhīlabhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti – ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. Tamenaṃ tathā pabbajitaṃ samānaṃ sabrahmacārī ovadanti anusāsanti – ‘idaṃ te khāditabbaṃ, idaṃ te na khāditabbaṃ; idaṃ te bhuñjitabbaṃ, idaṃ te na bhuñjitabbaṃ; idaṃ te sāyitabbaṃ, idaṃ te na sāyitabbaṃ; idaṃ te pātabbaṃ, idaṃ te na pātabbaṃ; kappiyaṃ te khāditabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na khāditabbaṃ; kappiyaṃ te bhuñjitabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na bhuñjitabbaṃ; kappiyaṃ te sāyitabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na sāyitabbaṃ ; kappiyaṃ te pātabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na pātabbaṃ; kāle te khāditabbaṃ, vikāle te na khāditabbaṃ; kāle te bhuñjitabbaṃ, vikāle te na bhuñjitabbaṃ; kāle te sāyitabbaṃ, vikāle te na sāyitabbaṃ; kāle te pātabbaṃ, vikāle te na pātabba’nti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā yaṃ icchāma taṃ khādāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ khādāma; yaṃ icchāma taṃ bhuñjāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ bhuñjāma; yaṃ icchāma taṃ sāyāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ sāyāma; yaṃ icchāma taṃ pivāma , yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ pivāma; kappiyampi khādāma, akappiyampi khādāma; kappiyampi bhuñjāma, akappiyampi bhuñjāma; kappiyampi sāyāma, akappiyampi sāyāma; kappiyampi pivāma, akappiyampi pivāma; kālepi khādāma, vikālepi khādāma; kālepi bhuñjāma vikālepi bhuñjāma; kālepi sāyāma, vikālepi sāyāma; kālepi pivāma, vikālepi pivāma. Yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ denti tatthapime mukhāvaraṇaṃ maññe karontī’ti. So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, kumbhīlabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. ‘Kumbhīlabhaya’nti kho, bhikkhave, odarikattassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
164比丘们，什么是漩涡怖畏呢？比丘们，这里，某个善男子出于信心，从在家生活出家，过没有家的生活，他心里想：“我被生、老、死、忧愁、悲伤、苦痛、忧恼、绝望所淹没，被苦所淹没，被苦所逼。愿能了知这整个苦蕴的灭尽。”他这样出家后，在午前时分，穿好下衣，拿着钵和上衣，为了乞食进入村落或城镇。他没有守护好身，没有守护好语，没有现起正念，没有防护好诸根。在那里，他看到一个富家子或富家子弟，具足五种欲功德，享受着这些欲乐。他心里这样想：“以前我们在家的时候，也是具足五种欲功德，享受着这些欲乐。我家里还有财富，我既可以享受这些财富，又可以做功德。”于是他舍弃学处，还归低劣。比丘们，这就叫做因害怕漩涡怖畏而舍弃学处，还归低劣。比丘们，‘漩涡怖畏’，这是对这五种欲功德的称呼。
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, āvaṭṭabhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti – ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati. Arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṃvutehi indriyehi so tattha passati gahapatiṃ vā gahapatiputtaṃ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṃ samaṅgībhūtaṃ paricārayamānaṃ . Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārimhā. Saṃvijjanti kho pana me kule bhogā. Sakkā bhoge ca bhuñjituṃ puññāni ca kātu’nti. So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, āvaṭṭabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. ‘Āvaṭṭabhaya’nti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
165比丘们，什么是鲨鱼怖畏呢？比丘们，这里，某个善男子出于信心，从在家生活出家，过没有家的生活，他心里想：“我被生、老、死、忧愁、悲伤、苦痛、忧恼、绝望所淹没，被苦所淹没，被苦所逼。愿能了知这整个苦蕴的灭尽。”他这样出家后，在午前时分，穿好下衣，拿着钵和上衣，为了乞食进入村落或城镇。他没有守护好身，没有守护好语，没有现起正念，没有防护好诸根。在那里，他看到一个衣着不整、暴露的妇女。他看到衣着不整、暴露的妇女后，贪欲侵袭其心。他以被贪欲侵袭的心，舍弃学处，还归低劣。比丘们，这就叫做因害怕鲨鱼怖畏而舍弃学处，还归低劣。比丘们，‘鲨鱼怖畏’，这是对妇女的称呼。比丘们，这就是四种怖畏。对于在这法与律中从在家出家的某些人来说，应当期待他们会遇到这些怖畏。
‘‘Katamañca , bhikkhave, susukābhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti – ‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto; appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati. Arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṃvutehi indriyehi so tattha passati mātugāmaṃ dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā. Tassa mātugāmaṃ disvā dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. So rāgānuddhaṃsena cittena sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati . Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, susukābhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. ‘Susukābhaya’nti kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni, idhekacce puggale imasmiṃ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajite pāṭikaṅkhitabbānī’’ti.
10世尊说了这些。比丘们内心欢喜，对世尊所说的感到欣悦。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
11差度玛经完 第七
Cātumasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ.