DN 30 · 三十二相经
17. 相经
7. Lakkhaṇasuttaṃ
2三十二大人相
Dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni
198如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:“比丘们。”那些比丘回应世尊说:“尊者。”世尊这样说道:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhaddante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
199「诸比丘,这三十二种大丈夫相是大丈夫的大丈夫相,具足这些相的大丈夫只有两种趣向,没有其他。如果住在家中,他成为转轮王,如法的法王,征服四方,获得国土的安稳,具足七宝。他有这七宝,即:轮宝、象宝、马宝、摩尼宝、女宝、居士宝、主兵臣宝为第七。他有超过一千个儿子,勇敢、英勇之身、能摧毁敌军。他以法征服这大地至海洋为边际后而住,不用刑杖、不用刀剑。但如果他从在家出家成为非家,他成为阿拉汉、正自觉者,在世间揭开覆盖者。
‘‘Dvattiṃsimāni, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti; seyyathidaṃ, cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado .
200“比丘们,大丈夫的这三十二种大丈夫相是哪三十二种,使得具足它们的人只有两条路,没有别的可能呢?如果他在家生活,就会成为转轮王……(中略)……而如果他离家出家,过无家生活,就会成为阿拉汉、正等正觉者,在世间揭开覆盖者。
‘‘Katamāni ca tāni, bhikkhave, dvattiṃsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā? Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
6“比丘们,在这里,大丈夫有平稳安放的脚掌。比丘们,大丈夫有平稳安放的脚掌,这就是大丈夫的一种大丈夫相。
‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.
7“再者,比丘们,大丈夫的脚掌下方生有轮相,它们有千条辐、有轮辋、有轮毂,一切特征圆满。比丘们,大丈夫的脚掌下方生有千辐、有轮辋、有轮毂且一切特征圆满的轮相,这也是大丈夫的一种大丈夫相。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni . Yampi , bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.
8再者,诸比丘,大人具有平坦的脚跟……长指……柔软细嫩的手足……网缦的手足……高起的脚踝……伊尼鹿般的小腿……站立时不弯身即能以双手掌摩触膝盖……阴藏隐密如马……金色皮肤如黄金色……细滑的皮肤,因皮肤细滑故尘垢不着身……一孔一毛,诸毛孔各生一毛……毛向上旋,诸毛向上生长,青色如眼药色,作螺旋状右旋而生……梵直身……七处隆满……狮子般的上半身……肩膊充满……如尼拘律树般周正,其身长等于两臂展开之长,两臂展开之长等于其身长……平整的肩膊……味中第一……狮子颚……四十齿……齿平整……齿无间隙……齿极白……广长舌……梵音声如迦罗频伽鸟音……深青色眼……牛王般的睫毛……眉间生白毫,洁白柔软如棉絮。诸比丘,大人眉间生白毫,洁白柔软如棉絮,诸比丘,此亦是大人的大人相。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso āyatapaṇhi hoti…pe… dīghaṅguli hoti… mudutalunahatthapādo hoti… jālahatthapādo hoti… ussaṅkhapādo hoti… eṇijaṅgho hoti… ṭhitakova anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati… kosohitavatthaguyho hoti… suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hoti kañcanasannibhattaco… sukhumacchavi hoti, sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṃ kāye na upalimpati… ekekalomo hoti, ekekāni lomāni lomakūpesu jātāni… uddhaggalomo hoti, uddhaggāni lomāni jātāni nīlāni añjanavaṇṇāni kuṇḍalāvaṭṭāni dakkhiṇāvaṭṭakajātāni … brahmujugatto hoti… sattussado hoti… sīhapubbaddhakāyo hoti… citantaraṃso hoti… nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo hoti, yāvatakvassa kāyo tāvatakvassa byāmo yāvatakvassa byāmo tāvatakvassa kāyo… samavaṭṭakkhandho hoti… rasaggasaggī hoti… sīhahanu hoti… cattālīsadanto hoti … samadanto hoti… aviraḷadanto hoti… susukkadāṭho hoti… pahūtajivho hoti… brahmassaro hoti karavīkabhāṇī… abhinīlanetto hoti… gopakhumo hoti… uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā hoti, odātā mudutūlasannibhā. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā hoti, odātā mudutūlasannibhā, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.
9还有,比丘们,大丈夫有顶髻相。比丘们,大丈夫有这个顶髻相,比丘们,这也是大丈夫的大丈夫相。
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso uṇhīsasīso hoti. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso uṇhīsasīso hoti, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.
10「诸比丘,这些就是那三十二种大丈夫的大丈夫相,具足这些相的大丈夫只有两种趣向,没有其他。如果住在家中,他成为转轮王……(中略)……但如果他从在家出家成为非家,他成为阿拉汉、正自觉者,在世间揭开覆盖者。
‘‘Imāni kho tāni, bhikkhave, dvattiṃsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.
11比丘们,这些三十二大丈夫相,外道的仙人们也知道,但他们并不知道——‘因为做了这个业,所以获得这个相’。
‘‘Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dvattiṃsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni bāhirakāpi isayo dhārenti, no ca kho te jānanti – ‘imassa kammassa kaṭattā idaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhatī’ti.
12(1) 足善安立相
(1) Suppatiṭṭhitapādatālakkhaṇaṃ
201诸比丘,如来在更早的过去世、更早的生存、更早的住处,那时他还是一个人,他成为那些长久失散、久游而归者的亲人、朋友、同伴与挚友的团聚者。他促成母亲与儿子团聚,促成儿子与母亲团聚,促成父亲与儿子团聚,促成儿子与父亲团聚,促成兄弟与兄弟团聚,促成兄弟与姐妹团聚,促成姐妹与兄弟团聚,促成姐妹与姐妹团聚;如此促成后,他对此感到随喜。他造作了那个业、积累、增长、广大……他从那里死后,来到现在的这个状态,便获得了这个大人相——他的私处被藏于体内。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno daḷhasamādāno ahosi kusalesu dhammesu, avatthitasamādāno kāyasucarite vacīsucarite manosucarite dānasaṃvibhāge sīlasamādāne uposathupavāse matteyyatāya petteyyatāya sāmaññatāya brahmaññatāya kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitāya aññataraññataresu ca adhikusalesu dhammesu . So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. So tattha aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhiggaṇhāti dibbena āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena dibbena sukhena dibbena yasena dibbena ādhipateyyena dibbehi rūpehi dibbehi saddehi dibbehi gandhehi dibbehi rasehi dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi. So tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti. Samaṃ pādaṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipati, samaṃ uddharati, samaṃ sabbāvantehi pādatalehi bhūmiṃ phusati.
202佛陀说:'他如果具足这个相而在家生活,就会成为转轮圣王……作为国王,他能得到什么呢?有广大的众人追随着他,包括婆罗门、居士、城镇居民、地方百姓、会计官和大臣、军人、守门人、幕僚、随从、国王、受封的贵族以及王子们。这是他作为国王所得到的。……那么,作为已经觉悟的佛陀,他能得到什么呢?有广大的众人追随着他,包括比丘、比丘尼、男居士、女居士、天、人、阿苏罗、龙、乾达婆。这是他作为佛陀所得到的。'这是世尊所说的意思。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti; seyyathidaṃ, cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ akhilamanimittamakaṇṭakaṃ iddhaṃ phītaṃ khemaṃ sivaṃ nirabbudaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati . Rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Akkhambhiyo hoti kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati. ‘‘Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado. Buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Akkhambhiyo hoti abbhantarehi vā bāhirehi vā paccatthikehi paccāmittehi rāgena vā dosena vā mohena vā samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
17「于真谛与法与调御与自制,
‘‘Sacce ca dhamme ca dame ca saṃyame,
18于清净戒、住所、伍波萨他中,
Soceyyasīlālayuposathesu ca;
19乐于布施、不害、不粗暴,
Dāne ahiṃsāya asāhase rato,
20坚固受持后,平等地行持。」
Daḷhaṃ samādāya samattamācari .
21「他以那业登上天界,」
‘‘So tena kammena divaṃ samakkami ,
22「享受快乐与游戏之乐;」
Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi ;
23「从那里死后再来到此处,」
Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,
24「以平稳的双足触地。」
Samehi pādehi phusī vasundharaṃ.
25「聚集的相师们宣说:」
‘‘Byākaṃsu veyyañjanikā samāgatā,
26「平稳站立者不会动摇;」
Samappatiṭṭhassa na hoti khambhanā;
27「无论是在家者或出家者,」
Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna ,
28「那相是显示其义的。」
Taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ bhavati tadatthajotakaṃ.
29「他不可动摇地住于家中,
‘‘Akkhambhiyo hoti agāramāvasaṃ,
30征服他人,不被敌人所压伏;
Parābhibhū sattubhi nappamaddano;
31在此人间,他不被任何人所胜,
Manussabhūtenidha hoti kenaci,
32因其业的果报,他不可动摇。
Akkhambhiyo tassa phalena kammuno.
33「若如是之人出家,
‘‘Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,
34喜乐于出离,具慧者;
Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;
35他最胜,绝不动摇,
Aggo na so gacchati jātu khambhanaṃ,
36此人中至上者,这确实是他的法性。」
Naruttamo esa hi tassa dhammatā’’ti.
37(2) 足底轮相
(2) Pādatalacakkalakkhaṇaṃ
204「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,曾为众人带来安乐,驱除恐怖、惊慌、畏惧,提供如法的保护、防护与守护,并施与有眷属的布施。由于那业的已作、积累、增长、广大,身坏命终后往生善趣、天界……从彼处死后来到此处,获得此大人相:在两足底生有轮,具千辐、有轮缘、有轮毂、一切行相圆满、各部分善分明。」
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno bahujanassa sukhāvaho ahosi, ubbegauttāsabhayaṃ apanuditā, dhammikañca rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidhātā, saparivārañca dānaṃ adāsi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni suvibhattantarāni.
39「具足此相者,若住于家,则成为转轮王……作为王,获得什么?有大眷属;他有大眷属——婆罗门、居士、城邑与乡村之民、计算大臣、军队统帅、守门者、大臣、随从者、诸王、富豪、王子。作为王,获得此。但若离家出家过无家生活者,则成为阿拉汉、正自觉者,于世间揭开覆盖。作为佛陀,获得什么?有大眷属;他有大眷属——比丘、比丘尼、近事男、近事女、天人、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆。作为佛陀,获得此。」世尊说此义。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāparivāro hoti; mahāssa honti parivārā brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado. Buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāparivāro hoti; mahāssa honti parivārā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203关于此,这样说:
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
205关于此,这样说:
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
42「以前在东方,在过去诸生中,」
‘‘Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,
43「作为人,为众人带来安乐;」
Manussabhūto bahunaṃ sukhāvaho;
44「驱除恐怖、惊慌与畏惧,」
Ubbhegauttāsabhayāpanūdano,
45「于诸守护、防护中勤勉。」
Guttīsu rakkhāvaraṇesu ussuko.
46「以那业,他到达天界,」
‘‘So tena kammena divaṃ samakkami,
47以及乐与游戏之乐;
Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi;
48从彼处死后再来到此处,
Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,
49在两足上获得轮相。
Cakkāni pādesu duvesu vindati.
50「具有圆满轮辋与千辐,
‘‘Samantanemīni sahassarāni ca,
51聚集的相师们分别论;
Byākaṃsu veyyañjanikā samāgatā;
52见到具百福德相的童子,
Disvā kumāraṃ satapuññalakkhaṇaṃ,
53降伏敌者将有眷属围绕。
Parivāravā hessati sattumaddano.
54确实如此,圆满轮辋的轮相,
Tathā hī cakkāni samantanemini,
55若如此之人不出家;
Sace na pabbajjamupeti tādiso;
56他转轮,统治大地,
Vatteti cakkaṃ pathaviṃ pasāsati,
57刹帝利们在此成为他的随从。
Tassānuyantādha bhavanti khattiyā.
58「大名声者围绕着他,
‘‘Mahāyasaṃ saṃparivārayanti naṃ,
59若如此之人出家;
Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso;
60喜乐于出离欲,有慧者,
Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo,
61天人、人、阿修罗、帝释天、罗刹。
Devāmanussāsurasakkarakkhasā .
62「乾闼婆、龙、飞禽、四足兽,
‘‘Gandhabbanāgā vihagā catuppadā,
63无上的、为天人所礼敬的;
Anuttaraṃ devamanussapūjitaṃ;
64大名声者围绕着他。」
Mahāyasaṃ saṃparivārayanti na’’nti.
65(3-5) 长指等三相
(3-5) Āyatapaṇhitāditilakkhaṇaṃ
206「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,舍断杀生,离杀生,已放下棍棒,已放下刀剑,有惭耻心,有悲悯,住于对一切有息生类的利益怜悯。由于那业的已作、已积集、已增盛、已广大……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这三种大人相:足跟长,手指长,身躯正直。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato ahosi nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī vihāsi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni tīṇi mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Āyatapaṇhi ca hoti, dīghaṅguli ca brahmujugatto ca.
67具备这些特征的人,如果选择在家生活,就会成为转轮圣王,一位如法的法王,征服四方,使国土安定,拥有七种宝。他的七宝是:轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝、以及第七位的将领宝。他还有上千个儿子,个个英勇、相貌不凡,能摧毁敌军。他不必靠刀剑和刑罚,只凭正法就征服并统治这片直到海边的土地,让国土富足、繁荣、安定、祥和、没有苦难。作为国王,他得到什么呢?他会有洁净的随从,围绕他的都是清净的人:婆罗门居士、城乡民众、会计师、高官、侍卫、门卫、大臣、廷臣、臣属国的国王、王子。这是作为国王所能得到的。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Dīghāyuko hoti ciraṭṭhitiko, dīghamāyuṃ pāleti, na sakkā hoti antarā jīvitā voropetuṃ kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena . Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Dīghāyuko hoti ciraṭṭhitiko, dīghamāyuṃ pāleti, na sakkā hoti antarā jīvitā voropetuṃ paccatthikehi paccāmittehi samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
207在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
70「知道杀戮、屠杀、恐怖的危险,
‘‘Māraṇavadhabhayattano viditvā,
71离杀害他人;
Paṭivirato paraṃ māraṇāyahosi;
72以那善行前往天界,
Tena sucaritena saggamagamā ,
73他体验善作之果报。
Sukataphalavipākamanubhosi.
74「死后再来此处时,
‘‘Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,
75他在此获得三种相:
Paṭilabhati idha tīṇi lakkhaṇāni;
76成为广大、长、圆满肢体者,
Bhavati vipuladīghapāsaṇhiko,
77如梵天般正直、美好、善生肢体。
Brahmāva suju subho sujātagatto.
78「善臂、善手、善安立、善生,
‘‘Subhujo susu susaṇṭhito sujāto,
79柔软、细嫩的手指,
Mudutalunaṅguliyassa honti;
80长,具足三种上士之相;
Dīghā tībhi purisavaraggalakkhaṇehi,
81为了长久生活,他们欢喜童子。
Cirayapanāya kumāramādisanti.
82「如果在家人长久生活,则有;
‘‘Bhavati yadi gihī ciraṃ yapeti,
83如果从那出家,则更长久;
Cirataraṃ pabbajati yadi tato hi;
84并且以成就修习而生活,
Yāpayati ca vasiddhibhāvanāya,
85如此,那是长寿的相。」
Iti dīghāyukatāya taṃ nimitta’’nti.
86(6) 七处隆满相
(6) Sattussadatālakkhaṇaṃ
208“比丘们,再者,如来在过去生、过去有、过去的住处,以前还是人的时候,他舍弃了杂秽语,远离了杂秽的言语。他是应时说话者、说真实话者、说有意义话者、说与法相应话者、说律仪话语者,他说的是值得珍藏的话语,在恰当的时机、有根据、有节制、对人有利益。因为他做了、累积了……他从那里死后,来到现在的状态,便获得了这种大丈夫相:他有狮子般的下巴。
‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno dātā ahosi paṇītānaṃ rasitānaṃ khādanīyānaṃ bhojanīyānaṃ sāyanīyānaṃ lehanīyānaṃ pānānaṃ. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati, sattussado hoti, sattassa ussadā honti; ubhosu hatthesu ussadā honti, ubhosu pādesu ussadā honti, ubhosu aṃsakūṭesu ussadā honti, khandhe ussado hoti.
88「具足那相者,如果住在家,则成为转轮王……(中略)……作王时获得什么?获得上妙美味的副食、主食、副食、舐食、饮料。作王时获得此……作佛时获得什么?获得上妙美味的副食、主食、副食、舐食、饮料。作佛时获得此。」世尊说此义。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Lābhī hoti paṇītānaṃ rasitānaṃ khādanīyānaṃ bhojanīyānaṃ sāyanīyānaṃ lehanīyānaṃ pānānaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Lābhī hoti paṇītānaṃ rasitānaṃ khādanīyānaṃ bhojanīyānaṃ sāyanīyānaṃ lehanīyānaṃ pānānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203于此,这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
209于此,这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
91「副食、主食、可啖食、可尝食、饮料,
‘‘Khajjabhojjamatha leyya sāyiyaṃ,
92他是最上美味的施与者;
Uttamaggarasadāyako ahu;
93以那善行之业,
Tena so sucaritena kammunā,
94他在难德那天长久欢喜。
Nandane ciramabhippamodati.
95「他在此世获得七种高贵,
‘‘Satta cussade idhādhigacchati,
96获得手足柔软;
Hatthapādamudutañca vindati;
97精通相好之人说,
Āhu byañjananimittakovidā,
98这是由于获得副食、主食之美味。」
Khajjabhojjarasalābhitāya naṃ.
99「凡对在家者显示其义者,
‘‘Yaṃ gihissapi tadatthajotakaṃ,
100出家也能证得那个;
Pabbajjampi ca tadādhigacchati;
101获得殊胜的副食、主食、美味,
Khajjabhojjarasalābhiruttamaṃ,
102他们说是一切在家束缚的断除者。」
Āhu sabbagihibandhanacchida’’nti.
103(7-8) 手足柔软网缦相
(7-8) Karacaraṇamudujālatālakkhaṇāni
210「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,以四摄事摄受众人——以布施、爱语、利行、同事。由于那业已作……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这两种大人相:柔软的手足和网缦的手足。
‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi janaṃ saṅgāhako ahosi – dānena peyyavajjena atthacariyāya samānattatāya. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Mudutalunahatthapādo ca hoti jālahatthapādo ca.
105「具足这些相者,如果住在家,成为转轮王……作为王获得什么?眷属善被摄受,婆罗门、居士、城镇村落的人、计算大臣、军队、守门者、大臣、随从者、诸王、富豪、王子们都善被摄受。作为王获得这个……作为佛陀获得什么?眷属善被摄受,比丘、比丘尼、近事男、近事女、天人、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆都善被摄受。作为佛陀获得这个。」世尊说了这个义理。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Susaṅgahitaparijano hoti, susaṅgahitāssa honti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Susaṅgahitaparijano hoti, susaṅgahitāssa honti bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
211在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
108「布施、利行,
‘‘Dānampi catthacariyatañca ,
109以及可爱的言语与平等性;
Piyavāditañca samānattatañca ;
110对众人的行为、品行与善摄受,
Kariyacariyasusaṅgahaṃ bahūnaṃ,
111以无过失的功德前往天界。
Anavamatena guṇena yāti saggaṃ.
112「死后再来到此处时,
‘‘Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,
113手足柔软与网缦;
Karacaraṇamudutañca jālino ca;
114极为明净、善分、可见的,
Atirucirasuvaggudassaneyyaṃ,
115获得非常美好的童子。
Paṭilabhati daharo susu kumāro.
116「成为随从们所顺从的,
‘‘Bhavati parijanassavo vidheyyo,
117已住于伟大,善摄持;
Mahimaṃ āvasito susaṅgahito;
118欲求可爱语、利益与安乐,
Piyavadū hitasukhataṃ jigīsamāno ,
119他行持所喜爱的诸德。
Abhirucitāni guṇāni ācarati.
120「若舍弃一切欲乐,
‘‘Yadi ca jahati sabbakāmabhogaṃ,
121胜者为人们宣说法语;
Kathayati dhammakathaṃ jino janassa;
122对言语的回应极为净信,
Vacanapaṭikarassābhippasannā ,
123听闻后随法而行。」
Sutvāna dhammānudhammamācarantī’’ti.
124(9-10) 足跟高起毛上向相
(9-10) Ussaṅkhapādauddhaggalomatālakkhaṇāni
212「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,曾说与义相应、与法相应之语,教导众人,是有情的利益与安乐的带来者,是法施者。由于那业已作……(中略)……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这两种大人相:足踝圆满,毛向上竖。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno atthūpasaṃhitaṃ dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosi, bahujanaṃ nidaṃsesi, pāṇīnaṃ hitasukhāvaho dhammayāgī. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Ussaṅkhapādo ca hoti, uddhaggalomo ca.
126那具备这些相的人,如果在家居住,便成为转轮圣王……作为国王,他得到什么呢?会有广大的众人追随他,包括婆罗门、居士、城镇与乡村的人、会计师、大臣、军人、守门人、顾问、随从、王族、以及有财势的王子。作为国王,他得到这些……作为佛陀,他得到什么呢?会有广大的众人追随他,包括比丘、比丘尼、男居士、女居士、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾达婆。作为佛陀,他得到这些。'这就是世尊所说明的含义。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Aggo ca hoti seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca kāmabhogīnaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Aggo ca hoti seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca sabbasattānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
213在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
129「先前具足义与法的语言,
‘‘Atthadhammasahitaṃ pure giraṃ,
130他对众人教示;
Erayaṃ bahujanaṃ nidaṃsayi;
131他为众生带来利益与安乐,
Pāṇinaṃ hitasukhāvaho ahu,
132以法施行祭祀,不悭吝。
Dhammayāgamayajī amaccharī.
133「以那善行的业,
‘‘Tena so sucaritena kammunā,
134他去往善趣,在那里欢喜;」
Suggatiṃ vajati tattha modati;
135他来此获得两种相,
Lakkhaṇāni ca duve idhāgato,
136为了获得最上首位。
Uttamappamukhatāya vindati.
137「兔子的毛向上生长,
‘‘Ubbhamuppatitalomavā saso,
138足踝无骨善安立;
Pādagaṇṭhirahu sādhusaṇṭhitā;
139肉血充满皮肤覆,
Maṃsalohitācitā tacotthatā,
140上足庄严美好。
Uparicaraṇasobhanā ahu.
141「若如是者住于家,
‘‘Gehamāvasati ce tathāvidho,
142诸欲受用者中达最上;
Aggataṃ vajati kāmabhoginaṃ;
143由此,没有更超越者,
Tena uttaritaro na vijjati,
144征服阎浮提而行。
Jambudīpamabhibhuyya iriyati.
145「出家也是无上的精进,
‘‘Pabbajampi ca anomanikkamo,
146达到一切有情的最上;
Aggataṃ vajati sabbapāṇinaṃ;
147由此,没有更超越者,
Tena uttaritaro na vijjati,
148征服一切世间而住。」
Sabbalokamabhibhuyya viharatī’’ti.
149(11) 鹿王腨相
(11) Eṇijaṅghalakkhaṇaṃ
214「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,是恭敬的教导者,教导技艺、明、行或业——『愿他们迅速了知,迅速实践,不长久疲劳』。由于那业的已作……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这大人相。他是鹿腨腿。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno sakkaccaṃ vācetā ahosi sippaṃ vā vijjaṃ vā caraṇaṃ vā kammaṃ vā – ‘kiṃ time khippaṃ vijāneyyuṃ, khippaṃ paṭipajjeyyuṃ, na ciraṃ kilisseyyu’’nti. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Eṇijaṅgho hoti.
151「具足那相者,如果住在家,成为转轮王……作为王获得什么?那些适合王的王支、王受用、王相应的,迅速获得。作为王获得这个……作为佛陀获得什么?那些适合沙门的沙门支、沙门受用、沙门相应的,迅速获得。作为佛陀获得这个。」世尊说了这个义理。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Yāni tāni rājārahāni rājaṅgāni rājūpabhogāni rājānucchavikāni tāni khippaṃ paṭilabhati. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Yāni tāni samaṇārahāni samaṇaṅgāni samaṇūpabhogāni samaṇānucchavikāni, tāni khippaṃ paṭilabhati. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里,这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
215在那里,这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
154「于诸工巧、明行、业中,
‘‘Sippesu vijjācaraṇesu kammesu ,
155如何能迅速了知?他如此希望;
Kathaṃ vijāneyyuṃ lahunti icchati;
156凡不伤害任何人者,
Yadūpaghātāya na hoti kassaci,
157迅速教导,不久即精通。
Vāceti khippaṃ na ciraṃ kilissati.
158「作了那善业,生起安乐,
‘‘Taṃ kammaṃ katvā kusalaṃ sukhudrayaṃ ,
159获得可爱、善安立的小腿;
Jaṅghā manuññā labhate susaṇṭhitā;
160善生、次第隆起的小腿肚,
Vaṭṭā sujātā anupubbamuggatā,
161毛向上竖立、细软、右旋。
Uddhaggalomā sukhumattacotthatā.
162「伊内亚将喀」,他们如此称呼此人,
‘‘Eṇeyyajaṅghoti tamāhu puggalaṃ,
163成就之相,他们在此说为迅速;
Sampattiyā khippamidhāhu lakkhaṇaṃ;
164当他希求与在家相应之事时,
Gehānulomāni yadābhikaṅkhati,
165迅速在此获得不出家。
Apabbajaṃ khippamidhādhigacchati .
166「若如是之人趣向出家,
‘‘Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,
167乐于出离欲之有慧者;
Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;
168当与无上相应之事相顺时,
Anucchavikassa yadānulomikaṃ,
169他以迅速的意行获得它。」
Taṃ vindati khippamanomavikkamo ’’ti.
170(12) 细薄皮相
(12) Sukhumacchavilakkhaṇaṃ
216「诸比丘,如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,前往沙门或婆罗门处,询问:『尊者,什么是善?什么是不善?什么是有罪?什么是无罪?什么应亲近?什么不应亲近?什么被我做了会长久导致不利与苦?或者什么被我做了会长久导致利益与乐?』由于那业已做……(中略)……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这大人相。他皮肤细滑,由于皮肤细滑,尘垢不附着于身。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā paripucchitā ahosi – ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalaṃ, kiṃ sāvajjaṃ, kiṃ anavajjaṃ, kiṃ sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ na sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya assa, kiṃ vā pana me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya assā’’ti. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Sukhumacchavi hoti, sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṃ kāye na upalimpati.
172「具足那相者,如果住在家,成为转轮王……(中略)……作为王获得什么?他有大慧,没有任何人在慧上与他相等或更胜,在诸欲乐者中。作为王获得此……作为佛陀获得什么?他有大慧、广慧、速慧、捷慧、利慧、择法慧,没有任何人在慧上与他相等或更胜,在一切有情中。作为佛陀获得此。」世尊说此义。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāpañño hoti, nāssa hoti koci paññāya sadiso vā seṭṭho vā kāmabhogīnaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāpañño hoti puthupañño hāsapañño javanapañño tikkhapañño nibbedhikapañño, nāssa hoti koci paññāya sadiso vā seṭṭho vā sabbasattānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说:
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
217在那里这样说:
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
175「在以前、先前、过去诸生中,
‘‘Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,
176欲知者曾被询问;
Aññātukāmo paripucchitā ahu;
177恭听、亲近出家者,
Sussūsitā pabbajitaṃ upāsitā,
178深入义理,谛听义理的分别论。」
Atthantaro atthakathaṃ nisāmayi.
179「以获得智慧的业,
‘‘Paññāpaṭilābhagatena kammunā,
180他成为具细嫩皮肤的人;
Manussabhūto sukhumacchavī ahu;
181善巧于出生之相者宣说,
Byākaṃsu uppādanimittakovidā,
182通达微细之义后,他将见到。
Sukhumāni atthāni avecca dakkhiti.
183「若如此者不出家,
‘‘Sace na pabbajjamupeti tādiso,
184他转轮、统治大地;
Vatteti cakkaṃ pathaviṃ pasāsati;
185在利益、教诫、摄受中,
Atthānusiṭṭhīsu pariggahesu ca,
186无有比他更胜或与他相等者。」
Na tena seyyo sadiso ca vijjati.
187「如果这样的人出家,」
‘‘Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,
188「聪慧者乐于出离欲,」
Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;
189「获得无上的殊胜慧,」
Paññāvisiṭṭhaṃ labhate anuttaraṃ,
190「这位具有殊胜智慧者证得菩提。」
Pappoti bodhiṃ varabhūrimedhaso’’ti.
191(13) 金色相
(13) Suvaṇṇavaṇṇalakkhaṇaṃ
218「诸比丘,如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,不嗔怒,不多恼害,即使被多次辱骂也不愤怒、不生气、不嗔恨、不固执,不显示嗔怒、憎恨和不满。而且他是细软的、柔软的敷具、覆盖物、细亚麻布、细棉布、细丝绸、细毛毯的布施者。由于那业的已作、已积集……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这大人相。他是金色的,皮肤如黄金色。」
‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno akkodhano ahosi anupāyāsabahulo, bahumpi vutto samāno nābhisajji na kuppi na byāpajji na patitthīyi, na kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātvākāsi. Dātā ca ahosi sukhumānaṃ mudukānaṃ attharaṇānaṃ pāvuraṇānaṃ khomasukhumānaṃ kappāsikasukhumānaṃ koseyyasukhumānaṃ kambalasukhumānaṃ. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hoti kañcanasannibhattaco.
193「具足那相者,如果住在家中,成为转轮王……作为王,获得什么?获得细软的、柔软的敷具、覆盖物、细亚麻布、细棉布、细丝绸、细毛毯。作为王,获得这个……作为佛,获得什么?获得细软的、柔软的敷具、覆盖物、细亚麻布、细棉布、细丝绸、细毛毯。作为佛,获得这个。」世尊说了这个义理。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Lābhī hoti sukhumānaṃ mudukānaṃ attharaṇānaṃ pāvuraṇānaṃ khomasukhumānaṃ kappāsikasukhumānaṃ koseyyasukhumānaṃ kambalasukhumānaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Lābhī hoti sukhumānaṃ mudukānaṃ attharaṇānaṃ pāvuraṇānaṃ khomasukhumānaṃ kappāsikasukhumānaṃ koseyyasukhumānaṃ kambalasukhumānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
219在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
196「他确立了无嗔,并且布施,」
‘‘Akkodhañca adhiṭṭhahi adāsi ,
197布施诸衣物,细致且柔软;
Dānañca vatthāni sukhumāni succhavīni;
198住于前世时,他施予了,
Purimatarabhave ṭhito abhivissaji,
199如天神降雨般。
Mahimiva suro abhivassaṃ.
200「作了那个后从此处死去,往生天界,
‘‘Taṃ katvāna ito cuto dibbaṃ,
201受用善作果报之后;
Upapajji sukataphalavipākamanubhutvā;
202在此处出生,身如金色,
Kanakatanusannibho idhābhibhavati,
203如天神中最胜者因陀罗。
Suravarataroriva indo.
204「若人住于家中而不出家,
‘‘Gehañcāvasati naro apabbajja,
205他错误地统治大地;
Micchaṃ mahatimahiṃ anusāsati ;
206以力征服七宝,
Pasayha sahidha sattaratanaṃ ,
207获得清净、细滑的皮肤和纯净。
Paṭilabhati vimala sukhumacchaviṃ suciñca.
208「若获得衣服、衣物、覆盖物、披衣,
‘‘Lābhī acchādanavatthamokkhapāvuraṇānaṃ,
209若出家为无家者;
Bhavati yadi anāgāriyataṃ upeti;
210具足享受先前所作之果,
Sahito purimakataphalaṃ anubhavati,
211所作不会失坏。」
Na bhavati katassa panāso’’ti.
212(14) 阴藏马藏相
(14) Kosohitavatthaguyhalakkhaṇaṃ
220诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作人时,曾是久别重逢之亲戚、朋友、同伴的会合者——将母与子相聚,将子与母相聚,将父与子相聚,将子与父相聚,将兄与兄相聚,将兄与姊妹相聚,将姊妹与兄相聚,将姊妹与姊妹相聚——并促成其团聚而随喜。由于那业的已作……(中略)……他从那里死后来到此处,获得此大人相——阴藏隐密。
Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno cirappanaṭṭhe sucirappavāsino ñātimitte suhajje sakhino samānetā ahosi. Mātarampi puttena samānetā ahosi, puttampi mātarā samānetā ahosi, pitarampi puttena samānetā ahosi, puttampi pitarā samānetā ahosi, bhātarampi bhātarā samānetā ahosi, bhātarampi bhaginiyā samānetā ahosi, bhaginimpi bhātarā samānetā ahosi, bhaginimpi bhaginiyā samānetā ahosi, samaṅgīkatvā ca abbhanumoditā ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati – kosohitavatthaguyho hoti.
214「他具足那个相,如果住在家,则成为转轮王……(中略)……作为王,他获得什么?他有众多儿子,他有超过一千的儿子,勇敢、具英雄之相、能摧伏敌军。作为王,他获得此……作为佛,他获得什么?他有众多儿子,他有数千的儿子,勇敢、具英雄之相、能摧伏敌军。作为佛,他获得此。」世尊说了此义。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Pahūtaputto hoti, parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Pahūtaputto hoti, anekasahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
221在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
217「在以前东方的过去诸生中,
‘‘Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,
218长久失散、长久离别者;
Cirappanaṭṭhe sucirappavāsino;
219亲戚、朋友、同伴聚集,
Ñātī suhajje sakhino samānayi,
220集合后随喜了。
Samaṅgikatvā anumoditā ahu.
221「他以那业到达天界,
‘‘So tena kammena divaṃ samakkami,
222享受快乐与游戏之乐;」
Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi;
223从彼处死后再来此处,
Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,
224他获得库首希答的衣服遮蔽。
Kosohitaṃ vindati vatthachādiyaṃ.
225「如是之人成为多子者,
‘‘Pahūtaputto bhavatī tathāvidho,
226在此有五千之子;
Parosahassañca bhavanti atrajā;
227勇敢、英雄、令敌人苦恼者,
Sūrā ca vīrā ca amittatāpanā,
228令在家者生喜、说可爱语者。
Gihissa pītiṃjananā piyaṃvadā.
229「对于出家行者而言,更多的
‘‘Bahūtarā pabbajitassa iriyato,
230子弟随顺其言教而住;
Bhavanti puttā vacanānusārino;
231无论是在家者或出家者,再次,
Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna,
232那相生起,显示那义。
Taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ jāyati tadatthajotaka’’nti.
233第一诵品完
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
234(15-16) 圆满不曲膝触相
(15-16) Parimaṇḍalaanonamajaṇṇuparimasanalakkhaṇāni
222「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,曾为人时,观察大众的摄受,平等了知、亲自了知,知人、知人的殊胜——『此人堪任此,此人堪任此』,因而在各处成为辨识人之殊胜者。由于那业的已作……(中略)……他从那里死后,来到此处,获得这两种大人相:身形圆满如尼拘律树,直立时不弯腰,以两手掌可触及、抚摸膝盖。
‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno mahājanasaṅgahaṃ samekkhamāno samaṃ jānāti sāmaṃ jānāti, purisaṃ jānāti purisavisesaṃ jānāti – ‘ayamidamarahati ayamidamarahatī’ti tattha tattha purisavisesakaro ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Nigrodha parimaṇḍalo ca hoti, ṭhitakoyeva ca anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati.
236「具足那些相,如果住在家中,成为转轮王……(中略)……作为王获得什么?富有、大富、大财,多金银,多财物资具,多谷物财富,仓库宝库充满。作为王获得此……(中略)……作为佛陀获得什么?富有、大富、大财。他有这些财富,即:信财、戒财、惭财、愧财、闻财、施财、慧财。作为佛陀获得此。」世尊说此义。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati ? Aḍḍho hoti mahaddhano mahābhogo pahūtajātarūparajato pahūtavittūpakaraṇo pahūtadhanadhañño paripuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati…pe… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Aḍḍho hoti mahaddhano mahābhogo. Tassimāni dhanāni honti, seyyathidaṃ, saddhādhanaṃ sīladhanaṃ hiridhanaṃ ottappadhanaṃ sutadhanaṃ cāgadhanaṃ paññādhanaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203于此说:
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
223于此说:
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
239「以秤量、观察、思惟,
‘‘Tuliya paṭivicaya cintayitvā,
240观察大众的摄受;
Mahājanasaṅgahanaṃ samekkhamāno;
241此人适合此,在那里那里,
Ayamidamarahati tattha tattha,
242他先前是造作人之殊胜者。
Purisavisesakaro pure ahosi.
243「站在地上而不弯曲,
‘‘Mahiñca pana ṭhito anonamanto,
244以双手触及两膝;
Phusati karehi ubhohi jaṇṇukāni;
245他身躯圆满,
Mahiruhaparimaṇḍalo ahosi,
246这是善业果报的残余。
Sucaritakammavipākasesakena.
247「通晓众多种种相与特征,
‘‘Bahuvividhanimittalakkhaṇaññū,
248极精巧的人们分别论;
Atinipuṇā manujā byākariṃsu;
249种种在家者的应供者众多,
Bahuvividhā gihīnaṃ arahāni,
250幼小的婴儿获得。
Paṭilabhati daharo susu kumāro.
251「在此,大王的欲乐享受者,
‘‘Idha ca mahīpatissa kāmabhogī,
252具在家主形相者众多;
Gihipatirūpakā bahū bhavanti;
253若舍弃一切欲乐享受,
Yadi ca jahati sabbakāmabhogaṃ,
254获得无上最胜财顶。」
Labhati anuttaraṃ uttamadhanagga’’nti.
255(17-19) 狮子前半身等三相
(17-19) Sīhapubbaddhakāyāditilakkhaṇaṃ
224「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作人时,是众人的利益欲求者、利益者、安乐者、轭安稳者——『如何这些人以信增长、以戒增长、以闻增长、以施增长、以法增长、以慧增长、以财谷增长、以田地增长、以二足四足增长、以子妻增长、以奴仆作者人众增长、以亲族增长、以朋友增长、以亲属增长』。他因那业的已作……他从那里死后来到此有,获得这三种大人相:狮子前半身、肩间充满、圆满肩。
‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno bahujanassa atthakāmo ahosi hitakāmo phāsukāmo yogakkhemakāmo – ‘kintime saddhāya vaḍḍheyyuṃ, sīlena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, sutena vaḍḍheyyuṃ , cāgena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, dhammena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, paññāya vaḍḍheyyuṃ, dhanadhaññena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, khettavatthunā vaḍḍheyyuṃ, dvipadacatuppadehi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, puttadārehi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, dāsakammakaraporisehi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, ñātīhi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, mittehi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, bandhavehi vaḍḍheyyu’nti. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni tīṇi mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Sīhapubbaddhakāyo ca hoti citantaraṃso ca samavaṭṭakkhandho ca.
257「具足那些相者,若住于家,成为转轮王……作王时获得什么?成为不衰退法者,不衰退于财谷、田地、二足四足、子妻、奴仆作者人众、亲族、朋友、亲属,不衰退于一切圆满。作王时获得此。……作佛时获得什么?成为不衰退法者,不衰退于信、戒、闻、施、慧,不衰退于一切圆满。作佛时获得此。」世尊说此义。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Aparihānadhammo hoti, na parihāyati dhanadhaññena khettavatthunā dvipadacatuppadehi puttadārehi dāsakammakaraporisehi ñātīhi mittehi bandhavehi, na parihāyati sabbasampattiyā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Aparihānadhammo hoti, na parihāyati saddhāya sīlena sutena cāgena paññāya, na parihāyati sabbasampattiyā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
225在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
260「以信、以戒、以闻、以慧,
‘‘Saddhāya sīlena sutena buddhiyā,
261以施、以法、以众多善人;
Cāgena dhammena bahūhi sādhuhi;
262以财富、以谷物、以田地,
Dhanena dhaññena ca khettavatthunā,
263以儿子、以妻子、以四足兽。
Puttehi dārehi catuppadehi ca.
264「以亲族、以朋友、以眷属,
‘‘Ñātīhi mittehi ca bandhavehi ca,
265以力、以色、以乐,两者皆然;
Balena vaṇṇena sukhena cūbhayaṃ;
266如何不减损,他希望离去,
Kathaṃ na hāyeyyuṃ pareti icchati,
267利益的希求者,他期望智慧。」
Atthassa middhī ca panābhikaṅkhati.
268「他具有狮子般的前半身善妙端正,
‘‘Sa sīhapubbaddhasusaṇṭhito ahu,
269肩膀平整,胸部宽广;
Samavaṭṭakkhandho ca citantaraṃso;
270由于过去所作的善业,
Pubbe suciṇṇena katena kammunā,
271那是他不会退失的前兆。
Ahāniyaṃ pubbanimittamassa taṃ.
272「在家者以谷物、财富而增长,
‘‘Gihīpi dhaññena dhanena vaḍḍhati,
273以儿子、妻子和四足兽而增长;
Puttehi dārehi catuppadehi ca;
274无所有的出家者证得无上
Akiñcano pabbajito anuttaraṃ,
275菩提,因为无伴之法性。」
Pappoti bodhiṃ asahānadhammata’’nti .
276(20) 最上味觉相
(20) Rasaggasaggitālakkhaṇaṃ
226「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,对众生是不恼害之性者,不以手、或土块、或棍、或刀剑(恼害)。由于那业的已作、已积集……(中略)……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这大人相:他是味中最上者,从上方取味的诸脉从颈部生起,遍布(全身)。」
‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno sattānaṃ aviheṭhakajātiko ahosi pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati, rasaggasaggī hoti, uddhaggāssa rasaharaṇīyo gīvāya jātā honti samābhivāhiniyo .
278「具足那相者,如果住在家中,成为转轮王……(中略)……作为王获得什么?少病、少恼,具足不太冷、不太热的均衡消化力。作为王获得这个……作为佛陀获得什么?少病、少恼,具足不太冷、不太热、中等的、堪能精进的均衡消化力。作为佛陀获得这个。」这义理世尊说了。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Appābādho hoti appātaṅko, samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Appābādho hoti appātaṅko samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya majjhimāya padhānakkhamāya. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
227在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
281「他不以手、棍或土块,」
‘‘Na pāṇidaṇḍehi panātha leḍḍunā,
282「或以刀剑或以死刑,」
Satthena vā maraṇavadhena vā pana;
283「或为了驱逐、为了恐吓,」
Ubbādhanāya paritajjanāya vā,
284「不恼害众人,他是不恼害者。」
Na heṭhayī janatamaheṭhako ahu.
285「因此他到达善趣而欢喜,」
‘‘Teneva so sugatimupecca modati,
286作乐果之业,获得诸乐;
Sukhapphalaṃ kariya sukhāni vindati;
287和合地、取味者、善安住,
Samojasā rasaharaṇī susaṇṭhitā,
288来此者获得最上味之集合。
Idhāgato labhati rasaggasaggitaṃ.
289「因此,极善巧者、有慧者说他:
‘‘Tenāhu naṃ atinipuṇā vicakkhaṇā,
290此人将成为多乐者;
Ayaṃ naro sukhabahulo bhavissati;
291无论是在家者或出家者,
Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna ,
292那相成为显示其义者。」
Taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ bhavati tadatthajotaka’’nti.
293(21-22) 绀青眼睫毛相
(21-22) Abhinīlanettagopakhumalakkhaṇāni
228「诸比丘!又,如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作人时,不散乱、不散播,也不四处观看,如此正直、心正直,以亲爱之眼观看众人。由于那业已作……(中略)……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这两种大人相:眼睛深蓝色,且睫毛如牛王。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno na ca visaṭaṃ, na ca visāci , na ca pana viceyya pekkhitā, ujuṃ tathā pasaṭamujumano, piyacakkhunā bahujanaṃ udikkhitā ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Abhinīlanetto ca hoti gopakhumo ca.
295「具足这些相,如果住在家中,他将成为转轮王……(中略)……作为王,他获得什么?他为众人所喜见,为婆罗门、家主、城邑人、乡村人、计算大臣、军队、守门者、大臣、侍从、王族、富豪、王子们所喜爱、所喜悦。作为王,他获得这个……(中略)……作为佛,他获得什么?他为众人所喜见,为比丘、比丘尼、近事男、近事女、天人、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆所喜爱、所喜悦。作为佛,他获得这个」。世尊说了此义。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Piyadassano hoti bahuno janassa, piyo hoti manāpo brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ negamajānapadānaṃ gaṇakamahāmattānaṃ anīkaṭṭhānaṃ dovārikānaṃ amaccānaṃ pārisajjānaṃ rājūnaṃ bhogiyānaṃ kumārānaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati…pe… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Piyadassano hoti bahuno janassa, piyo hoti manāpo bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ devānaṃ manussānaṃ asurānaṃ nāgānaṃ gandhabbānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
229在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
298「不散乱、不斜视,也不以歪斜的眼光看;
‘‘Na ca visaṭaṃ na ca visāci , na ca pana viceyyapekkhitā;
299正直、平直、心正直,以喜爱的眼看众人。
Ujuṃ tathā pasaṭamujumano, piyacakkhunā bahujanaṃ udikkhitā.
300「他在善趣中,
‘‘Sugatīsu so phalavipākaṃ,
301体验果报,在那里欢喜;
Anubhavati tattha modati;
302而在此处,他是隐密的,
Idha ca pana bhavati gopakhumo,
303眼睛深蓝、眼目美好、容貌端严。」
Abhinīlanettanayano sudassano.
304「诸勤修者与精通者,
‘‘Abhiyogino ca nipuṇā,
305众多善巧于相者;
Bahū pana nimittakovidā;
306善巧于微细观察的人们,
Sukhumanayanakusalā manujā,
307称他为『可喜见者』。
Piyadassanoti abhiniddisanti naṃ.
308「可喜见者即使作为在家人,
‘‘Piyadassano gihīpi santo ca,
309也成为众人所喜爱者;
Bhavati bahujanapiyāyito;
310若他不成为在家人而成为沙门,
Yadi ca na bhavati gihī samaṇo hoti,
311则为众多人所喜爱的除忧者。」
Piyo bahūnaṃ sokanāsano’’ti.
312(23) 肉髻头相
(23) Uṇhīsasīsalakkhaṇaṃ
230「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,在诸善法中是众人的先导者、众人的首要者——在身善行、语善行、意善行、布施分享、持戒、守伍波萨他、对母亲的义务、对父亲的义务、对沙门的义务、对婆罗门的义务、对家族长辈的尊敬,以及在其他某些殊胜善法中。他因那业已作……(中略)……他从那里死后来到此处,获得这大人相——他有肉髻头。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno bahujanapubbaṅgamo ahosi kusalesu dhammesu bahujanapāmokkho kāyasucarite vacīsucarite manosucarite dānasaṃvibhāge sīlasamādāne uposathupavāse matteyyatāya petteyyatāya sāmaññatāya brahmaññatāya kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitāya aññataraññataresu ca adhikusalesu dhammesu. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati – uṇhīsasīso hoti.
314「具足那相者,如果住在家中,他成为转轮王……(中略)……作为王,他获得什么?他有大众随从——婆罗门、居士、城镇与乡村的人、会计大臣、军队长官、守门者、大臣、随从者、诸王、富豪、王子们。作为王,他获得这个……作为佛,他获得什么?他有大众随从——比丘、比丘尼、近事男、近事女、天人、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆。作为佛,他获得这个。」世尊说了这个义理。
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāssa jano anvāyiko hoti, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāssa jano anvāyiko hoti, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
231在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
317「他是诸善行的先导者,
‘‘Pubbaṅgamo sucaritesu ahu,
318乐于诸法中的法行;
Dhammesu dhammacariyābhirato;
319他是众人的随从者,
Anvāyiko bahujanassa ahu,
320在诸天界享受福果。
Saggesu vedayittha puññaphalaṃ.
321「知道善行的果报后,
‘‘Veditvā so sucaritassa phalaṃ,
322「他已达到头顶上的肉髻,
Uṇhīsasīsattamidhajjhagamā;
323那些持相者们宣说诸相:
Byākaṃsu byañjananimittadharā,
324『他将成为众人的领导者。』
Pubbaṅgamo bahujanaṃ hessati.
325「在此人间中,可享用之物,
‘‘Paṭibhogiyā manujesu idha,
326在那时,人们预先就为他带来;
Pubbeva tassa abhiharanti tadā;
327如果他成为刹帝利、大地之主,
Yadi khattiyo bhavati bhūmipati,
328他将获得众人的侍卫。
Paṭihārakaṃ bahujane labhati.
329「然而,如果那人出家,
‘‘Atha cepi pabbajati so manujo,
330他于诸法精通、熟练;
Dhammesu hoti paguṇo visavī;
331喜乐于他的教诫功德,
Tassānusāsaniguṇābhirato,
332随从者众人成为。
Anvāyiko bahujano bhavatī’’ti.
333(24-25) 一一孔毛眉间毫相
(24-25) Ekekalomatāuṇṇālakkhaṇāni
232「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作人时,舍断妄语,离妄语,是真实语者、真实结合者、坚固者、可信赖者、对世间不欺诳者。由于那业的已作、已积集……从彼处死后,来到此处,获得这两种大人相:一一毛孔生一毛,眉间生白毫,柔软如兜罗绵。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato ahosi, saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa . So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Ekekalomo ca hoti, uṇṇā ca bhamukantare jātā hoti odātā mudutūlasannibhā.
335具足这些相,若住在家,则成为转轮王……作王时获得什么?大众侍奉他,婆罗门居士、城邑村落之民、计算大臣、军将、守门者、大臣、随从者、诸王、富豪、王子们。作王时获得此……作佛时获得什么?大众侍奉他,比丘、比丘尼、近事男、近事女、天人、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆。作佛时获得此。世尊说此义。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāssa jano upavattati, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāssa jano upavattati, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
233在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
338「在前诸生中,真实承诺者,
‘‘Saccappaṭiñño purimāsu jātisu,
339不欺诳语者,避离虚伪;
Advejjhavāco alikaṃ vivajjayi;
340他不会欺骗任何人,
Na so visaṃvādayitāpi kassaci,
341以真实、准确、如实之语说。
Bhūtena tacchena tathena bhāsayi .
342「白色、极柔软、如棉花一般,
‘‘Setā susukkā mudutūlasannibhā,
343善生的毛在眉间生起;
Uṇṇā sujātā bhamukantare ahu;
344毛孔中不生二根,
Na lomakūpesu duve ajāyisuṃ,
345每一毛孔生一根毛的身体。
Ekekalomūpacitaṅgavā ahu.
346「那些知相的众多人聚集,
‘‘Taṃ lakkhaṇaññū bahavo samāgatā,
347精通出生征相者作了记说;
Byākaṃsu uppādanimittakovidā;
348毛发如何善安立,
Uṇṇā ca lomā ca yathā susaṇṭhitā,
349如此众多的人侍奉。
Upavattatī īdisakaṃ bahujjano.
350在家者虽寂静,众人侍奉,
‘‘Gihimpi santaṃ upavattatī jano,
351以许多先前所作的业;
Bahu puratthāpakatena kammunā;
352无所有的出家者、无上者,
Akiñcanaṃ pabbajitaṃ anuttaraṃ,
353寂静的佛陀。」
Buddhampi santaṃ upavattati jano’’ti.
354(26-27) 四十齿不疏齿相
(26-27) Cattālīsaaviraḷadantalakkhaṇāni
234「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作人时,舍断两舌,离两舌。从此处听闻后,不在彼处宣说以破坏这些人;或在彼处听闻后,不向这些人宣说以破坏那些人。如此,他是已破裂者的结合者,或已和合者的支持者,乐于和合、喜于和合、欢喜和合,说作和合之语。他因那业的已作……(中略)……他从彼处死后,来到此处,获得这两种大人相:具四十齿,齿无间隙。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato ahosi. Ito sutvā na amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya, amutra vā sutvā na imesaṃ akkhātā amūsaṃ bhedāya , iti bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā, sahitānaṃ vā anuppadātā, samaggārāmo samaggarato samagganandī samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Cattālīsadanto ca hoti aviraḷadanto ca.
356「具足这些相者,如果住在家,成为转轮王……(中略)……作为王,获得什么?众不可破,他的众不可破:婆罗门、家主、城邑人、乡村人、计算大臣、军队、守门者、大臣、随从者、诸王、富豪、王子。作为王,获得此……作为佛陀,获得什么?众不可破,他的众不可破:诸比丘、诸比丘尼、诸近事男、诸近事女、诸天、诸人、诸阿修罗、诸龙、诸乾闼婆。作为佛陀,获得此。」世尊说了此义。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Abhejjapariso hoti, abhejjāssa honti parisā, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati … buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Abhejjapariso hoti, abhejjāssa honti parisā, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里,这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
235在那里,这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
359「在繁荣中,造作和合者的破坏,
‘‘Vebhūtiyaṃ sahitabhedakāriṃ,
360造作破坏的增长、争论论;
Bhedappavaḍḍhanavivādakāriṃ;
361造作争论论的增长、非事;
Kalahappavaḍḍhanaākiccakāriṃ,
362不应说和合者的破坏之生起。
Sahitānaṃ bhedajananiṃ na bhaṇi.
363「应说善语,增长无争论,
‘‘Avivādavaḍḍhanakariṃ sugiraṃ,
364不应说破裂者的和解之生起;
Bhinnānusandhijananiṃ abhaṇi;
365具平等者,驱除人们的争论论,」
Kalahaṃ janassa panudī samaṅgī,
366他与和合者一起欢喜、喜悦。
Sahitehi nandati pamodati ca.
367「他在善趣中体验果报,
‘‘Sugatīsu so phalavipākaṃ,
368在那里欢喜;
Anubhavati tattha modati;
369在此处的牙齿无缺、不稀疏、和合,
Dantā idha honti aviraḷā sahitā,
370他口中生的四十颗牙齿善安立。
Caturo dasassa mukhajā susaṇṭhitā.
371「若他成为刹帝利、地主,
‘‘Yadi khattiyo bhavati bhūmipati,
372他的众会不可分裂;
Avibhediyāssa parisā bhavati;
373若成为沙门,则离尘、无垢,
Samaṇo ca hoti virajo vimalo,
374众会随顺于他、不动摇。
Parisāssa hoti anugatā acalā’’ti.
375(28-29) 广长舌梵音声相
(28-29) Pahūtajivhābrahmassaralakkhaṇāni
236「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,舍断粗恶语,离粗恶语。他说那柔和的、悦耳的、可爱的、深入人心的、优雅的、为众人所喜的、为众人所爱的语言。由于那业的已作、已积集……从彼处死后,来到此处,他获得这两种大人相:广长舌与梵音声、迦陵频伽音。
‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno pharusaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato ahosi. Yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā, tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Pahūtajivho ca hoti brahmassaro ca karavīkabhāṇī.
377「具足这些相,如果他住在家,他成为转轮王……作为王,他获得什么?他的语言值得接受,婆罗门、家主、城镇与乡村的人、会计大臣、军队、守门者、大臣、随从、诸王、富豪、王子们接受他的语言。作为王,他获得这个……作为佛陀,他获得什么?他的语言值得接受,比丘、比丘尼、近事男、近事女、天人、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆接受他的语言。作为佛陀,他获得这个。」世尊说了这个义理。
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Ādeyyavāco hoti, ādiyantissa vacanaṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Ādeyyavāco hoti, ādiyantissa vacanaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
237在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
380「辱骂、争吵、伤害的作者,
‘‘Akkosabhaṇḍanavihesakāriṃ,
381恼害者、众人的压迫者;
Ubbādhikaṃ bahujanappamaddanaṃ;
382他不说愚钝的、粗恶的语言,
Abāḷhaṃ giraṃ so na bhaṇi pharusaṃ,
383他说柔和的、善安置的、友善的语言。
Madhuraṃ bhaṇi susaṃhitaṃ sakhilaṃ.
384「意所喜爱的、入心的,
‘‘Manaso piyā hadayagāminiyo,
385他发出悦耳的语言;
Vācā so erayati kaṇṇasukhā;
386他体验语善行之果,
Vācāsuciṇṇaphalamanubhavi,
387在诸天界感受福德之果。
Saggesu vedayatha puññaphalaṃ.
388「知晓善行之果后,
‘‘Veditvā so sucaritassa phalaṃ,
389他获得梵天的声音;
Brahmassarattamidhamajjhagamā;
390他的舌变得宽广、宽大,
Jivhāssa hoti vipulā puthulā,
391他成为说可信受之语者。
Ādeyyavākyavacano bhavati.
392「在家者也成就如所说,」
‘‘Gihinopi ijjhati yathā bhaṇato,
393「若此人出家;」
Atha ce pabbajati so manujo;
394「众人接受他的言语,」
Ādiyantissa vacanaṃ janatā,
395「多人多说善说之语。」
Bahuno bahuṃ subhaṇitaṃ bhaṇato’’ti.
396(30) 狮子颔相
(30) Sīhahanulakkhaṇaṃ
238「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,舍断杂秽语,离杂秽语,是时语者、真实语者、利益语者、法语者、律语者,说有价值之语,适时、有理由、有限度、与利益相应。由于造作了那业……(中略)……他从那里死后来到此处,获得此大人相,即狮子颚。」
‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno samphappalāpaṃ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato ahosi kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī, nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosi kālena sāpadesaṃ pariyantavatiṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati, sīhahanu hoti.
398「具足那相者,若住在家,则成为转轮王……(中略)……作为王获得什么?不被任何人类的敌对者、敌人所击败。作为王获得此……作为佛陀获得什么?不被内在或外在的敌对者、敌人,或贪、或嗔、或痴、或沙门、或婆罗门、或天人、或魔罗、或梵天、或世间的任何者所击败。作为佛陀获得此。」世尊说了此义。」
‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Appadhaṃsiyo hoti kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Appadhaṃsiyo hoti abbhantarehi vā bāhirehi vā paccatthikehi paccāmittehi, rāgena vā dosena vā mohena vā samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203「于此,这样说——」
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
239「于此,这样说——」
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
401「不杂秽语,不愚痴,」
‘‘Na samphappalāpaṃ na muddhataṃ ,
402他言谈条理清晰;
Avikiṇṇavacanabyappatho ahosi;
403他也驱除了无益之事,
Ahitamapi ca apanudi,
404也说了有益及众人之乐的话。
Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca abhaṇi.
405「做了那个之后,从此处死去,往生天界,
‘‘Taṃ katvā ito cuto divamupapajji,
406体验了善作果报的异熟;
Sukataphalavipākamanubhosi;
407死后再来到此处,
Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,
408获得了二足中最胜、最上、无上的阿拉汉果。
Dvidugamavaratarahanuttamalattha.
409「他成为极难战胜的国王,
‘‘Rājā hoti suduppadhaṃsiyo,
410人中之王、人中之主、具大威力;
Manujindo manujādhipati mahānubhāvo;
411他等同于三十三天的殊胜天城,
Tidivapuravarasamo bhavati,
412犹如天中之王帝释天。
Suravarataroriva indo.
413乾闼婆、阿修罗、夜叉、罗刹众,
‘‘Gandhabbāsurayakkharakkhasebhi ,
414诸天人确实不能轻易征服他;
Surehi na hi bhavati suppadhaṃsiyo;
415如果如来是如此,如果他是这样的,
Tathatto yadi bhavati tathāvidho,
416在此方、彼方及诸方。」
Idha disā ca paṭidisā ca vidisā cā’’ti.
417(31-32) 齐齿极白齿相
(31-32) Samadantasusukkadāṭhālakkhaṇāni
240「诸比丘!如来在前生、前有、前住处,以前作为人时,舍断邪命,以正命维持生活,远离秤杆欺诈、升斗欺诈、度量欺诈、贿赂、欺骗、诡诈、割截、杀害、捆绑、抢夺、掠夺、强暴行为。由于那业的已作、积集、增盛、广大,身坏命终后,往生善趣、天界。在那里,他以十种状态胜过其他诸天:以天寿、天色、天乐、天名声、天主权、天形色、天声、天香、天味、天触。从那里死后,来到此处,他获得这两种大人相:牙齿平整、牙齿极白净。
‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno micchājīvaṃ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvikaṃ kappesi, tulākūṭa kaṃsakūṭa mānakūṭa ukkoṭana vañcana nikati sāciyoga chedana vadha bandhana viparāmosa ālopa sahasākārā paṭivirato ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. So tattha aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhāti dibbena āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena dibbena sukhena dibbena yasena dibbena ādhipateyyena dibbehi rūpehi dibbehi saddehi dibbehi gandhehi dibbehi rasehi dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi. So tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati, samadanto ca hoti susukkadāṭho ca.
419「具足这些相者,如果住于家,他将成为转轮王,如法的法王,征服四方,获得国土的安稳,具足七宝。他有这七宝,即:轮宝、象宝、马宝、摩尼宝、女宝、居士宝、主兵臣宝为第七。他有超过一千个儿子,勇敢、英勇之身、能摧毁敌军。他以法征服这大地直至海洋为边际,无荆棘、无标记、无刺、繁荣、兴盛、安全、吉祥、无恐怖,不用刀杖而住。作为王,他获得什么?他有清净的眷属,清净者有清净的眷属——婆罗门、居士、城镇与乡村的人民、计算大臣、军队长官、守门者、大臣、随从、诸王、富豪、王子们。作为王,他获得这些。」
‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti, seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ akhilamanimittamakaṇṭakaṃ iddhaṃ phītaṃ khemaṃ sivaṃ nirabbudaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Suciparivāro hoti sucissa honti parivārā brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati.
420如果他选择离家,过无家的出家生活,他就会成为阿拉汉、正等正觉者,在世间揭开覆盖。作为佛陀,他得到什么呢?他会有洁净的随从,围绕他的都是清净的人:比丘、比丘尼、男居士、女居士、天、人、阿苏罗、龙、干达拔。这是作为佛陀所能得到的。”世尊讲述了这个道理。
‘‘Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado. Buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Suciparivāro hoti, sucissa honti parivārā, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.
203在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
241在那里这样说——
Tatthetaṃ vuccati –
423「他舍弃了邪命,以平等的生活,
‘‘Micchājīvañca avassaji samena vuttiṃ,
424以清净、如法而生活;
Sucinā so janayittha dhammikena;
425他也驱除了无益之事,
Ahitamapi ca apanudi,
426也行有益与众人之乐。
Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca acari.
427「人在天界感受乐果报,」
‘‘Sagge vedayati naro sukhapphalāni,
428由诸精通者、智者所作;
Karitvā nipuṇebhi vidūhi sabbhi;
429被赞叹者,如三十三天宫殿之最胜者,
Vaṇṇitāni tidivapuravarasamo,
430具足喜乐、嬉戏,他欢喜。
Abhiramati ratikhiḍḍāsamaṅgī.
431「得到人的存在之后,
‘‘Laddhānaṃ mānusakaṃ bhavaṃ tato,
432从彼处死去,善业果报之异熟;
Cavitvāna sukataphalavipākaṃ;
433以残余业,他获得言说所生的,
Sesakena paṭilabhati lapanajaṃ,
434平等且清净、极白的。
Samamapi sucisusukkaṃ .
435「彼文法师们,众多聚集者,
‘‘Taṃ veyyañjanikā samāgatā bahavo,
436精通者、被认可的人们宣说;
Byākaṃsu nipuṇasammatā manujā;
437有清净人众随从之群,
Sucijanaparivāragaṇo bhavati,
438牙齿如鸟、如贝、清净、庄严。
Dijasamasukkasucisobhanadanto.
439「国王有众多人民,
‘‘Rañño hoti bahujano,
440有清净随从,统治广大国土;
Suciparivāro mahatiṃ mahiṃ anusāsato;
441不以强力压迫国土人民,
Pasayha na ca janapadatudanaṃ,
442行利益与众人之乐。
Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca caranti.
443「若出家则成为无罪者,
‘‘Atha ce pabbajati bhavati vipāpo,
444沙门已平息尘垢,已揭开覆盖;
Samaṇo samitarajo vivaṭṭacchado;
445已离去污垢、疲劳,
Vigatadarathakilamatho,
446他见此世与彼世。
Imamapi ca paramapi ca passati lokaṃ.
447「他的教诫者,众多在家人与出家者,
‘‘Tassovādakarā bahugihī ca pabbajitā ca,
448抖落不净的、应呵责的、恶的;
Asuciṃ garahitaṃ dhunanti pāpaṃ;
449他确实被清净者围绕,
Sa hi sucibhi parivuto bhavati,
450你们应驱除垢、障碍、烦恼、随烦恼。」
Malakhilakalikilese panudehī’’ti .
451世尊这样说了。那些比丘们满心欢喜,对世尊的开示感到欣慰。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
452相经完,第七
Lakkhaṇasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ.