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DN 26 · 转轮圣王狮子吼经

Tipitaka 7.0 静态阅读页 · 68 段 · 打开交互阅读器

13. 《转轮王经》
3. Cakkavattisuttaṃ
2以自己为岛为依归
Attadīpasaraṇatā
80如是我闻:那时候,世尊住在摩揭陀国的马图喇。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:“比丘们。”那些比丘回答世尊:“尊师。”世尊这样说道:“比丘们,你们要以自己为岛屿而住,以自己为依靠,不以别的为依靠;要以法为岛屿而住,以法为依靠,不以别的为依靠。比丘们,一位比丘怎样才能以自己为岛屿而住,以自己为依靠,不以别的为依靠;以法为岛屿而住,以法为依靠,不以别的为依靠呢?比丘们,在这里,一位比丘保持热忱、正知、具足念,对世间里的贪欲与忧恼加以调伏,于身随观身而住;保持热忱、正知、具足念,对世间里的贪欲与忧恼加以调伏,于感受随观感受而住;于内心随观内心而住;于诸法随观诸法而住。比丘们,一位比丘就是这样以自己为岛屿而住,以自己为依靠,不以别的为依靠;以法为岛屿而住,以法为依靠,不以别的为依靠。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā magadhesu viharati mātulāyaṃ. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhaddante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘attadīpā, bhikkhave, viharatha attasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā, dhammadīpā dhammasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attadīpo viharati attasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo, dhammadīpo dhammasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī…pe… citte cittānupassī…pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attadīpo viharati attasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo, dhammadīpo dhammasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo.
4比丘们,你们要在自己的行境里,在父辈传承的领域里行走。比丘们,当你们在自己的行境里,在父辈传承的领域里行走时,魔罗就得不到机会,魔罗就抓不到把柄。比丘们,正是由于摄受这些善法,功德才会这样增长。
‘‘Gocare, bhikkhave, caratha sake pettike visaye. Gocare, bhikkhave, carataṃ sake pettike visaye na lacchati māro otāraṃ, na lacchati māro ārammaṇaṃ . Kusalānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetu evamidaṃ puññaṃ pavaḍḍhati.
5坚轮转轮王
Daḷhanemicakkavattirājā
81比丘们,在很久远的过去,有一位名叫达喇哈内弥的国王,他是转轮王,是一位依法而行的法王,统治着四海之内的大地,降伏了各方,国家富足安定,具足七宝。他所拥有的七种宝是:轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝,而将军宝是第七宝。他还有超过一千个儿子,个个是勇猛强壮的英雄,能摧破敌军。他不是用棍杖、不用刀剑,而是以法降伏并统领这片直到大海边际的大地。
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ , bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi nāma ahosi cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni ahesuṃ seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃu hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā ahesuṃ sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasi.
82比丘们,就这样,过了很多年、很多百年、很多千年之后,有一天,达喇哈内弥王对一个人说:‘喂,你听着,当你什么时候看到那神圣的轮宝偏离了位置,从原来的地方消失时,就来通报我。’那位仆人回答达喇哈内弥王:‘好的,大王。’比丘们,又过了很多年、很多百年、很多千年之后,那个人真的看见了那神圣的轮宝偏离了位置,从原来的地方消失了。看见后,他就去见达喇哈内弥王;到了之后,就对达喇哈内弥王这样说道:‘大王,您要知道,您那神圣的轮宝已经偏离位置,从原来的地方消失了。’于是,比丘们,达喇哈内弥王召来长王子,对他这样说:‘我的儿啊,听说我的神圣轮宝已经偏离位置,从原来的地方消失了。而我也曾听说过一个道理:当哪位转轮王的轮宝一旦偏离位置、从原来的地方消失时,那位国王也就没有多少时间可活了。我已经享尽了人间的欲乐,现在是我去追求天界之乐的时候了。来,我的儿,你接掌这片直到大海边际的大地吧。而我则要剃除须发,穿上袈裟衣,离家去过无家的出家生活了。’
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi bahunnaṃ vassānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi – ‘yadā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, passeyyāsi dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ, atha me āroceyyāsī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, so puriso rañño daḷhanemissa paccassosi. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, so puriso bahunnaṃ vassānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ, disvāna yena rājā daḷhanemi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ daḷhanemiṃ etadavoca – ‘yagghe, deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ te cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cuta’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi jeṭṭhaputtaṃ kumāraṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca – ‘dibbaṃ kira me, tāta kumāra, cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ. Sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ – yassa rañño cakkavattissa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkati ṭhānā cavati, na dāni tena raññā ciraṃ jīvitabbaṃ hotīti. Bhuttā kho pana me mānusakā kāmā, samayo dāni me dibbe kāme pariyesituṃ. Ehi tvaṃ, tāta kumāra, imaṃ samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ paṭipajja. Ahaṃ pana kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissāmī’ti.
83比丘们,接着,达喇哈内弥王在妥善地教导了长王子如何治理国家后,便剃除了须发,穿上袈裟衣,离家去过无家的出家生活了。然而,比丘们,就在这位王仙出家满七天后,那神圣的轮宝就消失了。
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi jeṭṭhaputtaṃ kumāraṃ sādhukaṃ rajje samanusāsitvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji. Sattāhapabbajite kho pana, bhikkhave, rājisimhi dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antaradhāyi.
9比丘们,那时,有一个人去拜访那位灌顶刹帝利王;到了之后,就对灌顶刹帝利王这样说道:‘大王,您要知道,那神圣的轮宝已经消失了。’比丘们,听到神圣的轮宝消失时,这位灌顶刹帝利王心里很不高兴,亲身感受到了不悦的情绪。于是,他就去见那位王仙;见王仙后,就去对它说:‘大王,您要知道,那神圣的轮宝已经消失了。’听了这话,比丘们,王仙对灌顶刹帝利王这样说:‘我儿,你不要因为神圣轮宝的消失而不高兴,也不要因此感受到不悦。我儿啊,那个神圣的轮宝并不是你父辈传下来的遗产。听着,我儿,你要去实践那圣转轮王应行之道。这是完全有可能的:当你实践那圣转轮王应行之道时,在十五斋戒之日,你沐浴洗头,受持斋戒,登至美妙的殿堂高处,那神圣的轮宝就会显现,乃至千幅、有轮圈、有轮毂,一切特征圆满具足。’
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso yena rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ khattiyaṃ muddhābhisittaṃ etadavoca – ‘yagghe, deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antarahita’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto dibbe cakkaratane antarahite anattamano ahosi, anattamanatañca paṭisaṃvedesi. So yena rājisi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājisiṃ etadavoca – ‘yagghe, deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antarahita’nti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājisi rājānaṃ khattiyaṃ muddhābhisittaṃ etadavoca – ‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta, dibbe cakkaratane antarahite anattamano ahosi, mā anattamanatañca paṭisaṃvedesi, na hi te, tāta, dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pettikaṃ dāyajjaṃ. Iṅgha tvaṃ, tāta, ariye cakkavattivatte vattāhi. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati, yaṃ te ariye cakkavattivatte vattamānassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavissati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūra’nti.
10转轮王圣行
Cakkavattiariyavattaṃ
84‘那么,大王,什么才是圣转轮王之行呢?’‘孩子,既然如此,你要以法为依靠,恭敬法、尊重法、崇敬法、供奉法、尊崇法,以法为旗帜、以法为标志、以法为最高权威,在你的王族、军队、刹帝利、随从、婆罗门与居士、城镇与乡村的人民、沙门与婆罗门,乃至飞禽走兽之中,妥善安排好佛法的保护与守护。孩子,你的国土上不要让非法的事情发生。对于那些在国土上贫穷的人,你应当给予他们财富。还有那些在你的国土上,远离放逸、安住在忍耐与柔和之中,各自调伏自己、寂静自己、趋向完全涅槃的沙门与婆罗门,你应当时常去拜访他们、请教他们、铭记在心:“尊者,什么是善?什么是不善?什么是有罪过的?什么是无罪的?什么是应当修习的?什么是不应修习的?什么是我做了会对我长久地带来损害和痛苦的?又是什么我做了会对我长久地带来利益和快乐的?”听了他们的话之后,你应当避开不善法,信受并实行善法。孩子,这就是‘圣转轮王之行’。'
‘‘‘Katamaṃ pana taṃ, deva, ariyaṃ cakkavattivatta’nti ? ‘Tena hi tvaṃ, tāta, dhammaṃyeva nissāya dhammaṃ sakkaronto dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto dhammaṃ mānento dhammaṃ pūjento dhammaṃ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahassu antojanasmiṃ balakāyasmiṃ khattiyesu anuyantesu brāhmaṇagahapatikesu negamajānapadesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu migapakkhīsu. Mā ca te, tāta, vijite adhammakāro pavattittha. Ye ca te, tāta, vijite adhanā assu, tesañca dhanamanuppadeyyāsi . Ye ca te, tāta, vijite samaṇabrāhmaṇā madappamādā paṭiviratā khantisoracce niviṭṭhā ekamattānaṃ damenti, ekamattānaṃ samenti, ekamattānaṃ parinibbāpenti, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripuccheyyāsi pariggaṇheyyāsi – ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalaṃ, kiṃ sāvajjaṃ, kiṃ anavajjaṃ, kiṃ sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ na sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya assa, kiṃ vā pana me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya assā’’ti? Tesaṃ sutvā yaṃ akusalaṃ taṃ abhinivajjeyyāsi, yaṃ kusalaṃ taṃ samādāya vatteyyāsi. Idaṃ kho, tāta, taṃ ariyaṃ cakkavattivatta’nti.
12轮宝出现
Cakkaratanapātubhāvo
85‘遵命,大王!’比丘们,那位灌顶的刹帝利王这样回答王仙之后,就遵循圣转轮王之行去做了。当他这样依圣转轮王之行而行时,在当月十五的布萨日,他洗了头,受持布萨戒,登上了宫殿上层的优美楼阁,这时,天上的轮宝出现了,千幅齐全,有轮辋、有轮毂,一切形态圆满。那位灌顶的刹帝利王看见了,心中这么想:‘我听说过:凡是灌顶的刹帝利王,在十五布萨日,洗了头,受持布萨戒,登上宫殿上层的楼阁时,如果有天上的轮宝出现,千幅、有轮辋、有轮毂,一切形态圆满,那位王就会成为转轮王。那么,我会是转轮王吗?’
‘‘‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto rājisissa paṭissutvā ariye cakkavattivatte vatti. Tassa ariye cakkavattivatte vattamānassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pāturahosi sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ. Disvāna rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa etadahosi – ‘sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ – yassa rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ , so hoti rājā cakkavattī’ti. Assaṃ nu kho ahaṃ rājā cakkavattīti.
14于是,比丘们,那位灌顶的刹帝利王从座位上起来,将上衣偏袒一肩,左手拿着金瓶,右手向轮宝洒水,说道:‘尊贵的轮宝,转动吧!尊贵的轮宝,去征服吧!’
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ utarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vāmena hatthena bhiṅkāraṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiri – ‘pavattatu bhavaṃ cakkaratanaṃ, abhivijinātu bhavaṃ cakkaratana’nti.
15比丘们,那时,那个轮宝转向东方而去,转轮王带着四支军队跟在后面。比丘们,轮宝在哪个地方停住,转轮王就带着四支军队在那个地方扎营。比丘们,那时东方的那些敌方国王们来到转轮王面前,这样说:‘来吧,大王!欢迎您,大王!这里是属于您的,大王!请您教导我们,大王!’转轮王这样说道:‘有情不应杀害,没有给与的东西不应取走,爱欲上不应行邪行,不应说虚妄语,不应饮酒,你们应当享用你们原有的财物。’比丘们,那时东方的那些敌方国王们,就都成了转轮王的追随者。
‘‘Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ disaṃ pavatti, anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāsi, tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘ehi kho, mahārāja, svāgataṃ te mahārāja, sakaṃ te, mahārāja, anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha – ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā ahesuṃ.
86比丘们,接着那个轮宝投入了东海,又升起之后,转向南方而去……(中略)……投入南海又升起之后,转向西方而去,转轮王带着四支军队跟在后面。比丘们,轮宝在哪个地方停住,转轮王就带着四支军队在那个地方扎营。比丘们,那时西方的那些敌方国王们来到转轮王面前,这样说:‘来吧,大王!欢迎您,大王!这里是属于您的,大王!请您教导我们,大王!’转轮王这样说道:‘有情不应杀害,没有给与的东西不应取走,爱欲上不应行邪行,不应说虚妄语,不应饮酒,你们应当享用你们原有的财物。’比丘们,那时西方的那些敌方国王们,就都成了转轮王的追随者。
‘‘Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ pavatti…pe… dakkhiṇaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā pacchimaṃ disaṃ pavatti, anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāsi, tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, pacchimāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘ehi kho, mahārāja, svāgataṃ te, mahārāja, sakaṃ te, mahārāja, anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha – ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, pacchimāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā ahesuṃ.
87比丘们,接着那个轮宝投入了西海,又升起之后,转向北方而去,转轮王带着四支军队跟在后面。比丘们,轮宝在哪个地方停住,转轮王就带着四支军队在那个地方扎营。比丘们,那时北方的那些敌方国王们来到转轮王面前,这样说:‘来吧,大王!欢迎您,大王!这里是属于您的,大王!请您教导我们,大王!’转轮王这样说道:‘有情不应杀害,没有给与的东西不应取走,爱欲上不应行邪行,不应说虚妄语,不应饮酒,你们应当享用你们原有的财物。’比丘们,那时北方的那些敌方国王们,就都成了转轮王的追随者。
‘‘Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ pacchimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā uttaraṃ disaṃ pavatti, anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāsi, tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘ehi kho, mahārāja, svāgataṃ te, mahārāja , sakaṃ te, mahārāja, anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha – ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā ahesuṃ.
18比丘们,那时,那轮宝征服了直到海边的大地之后,又回到那座王城,在转轮圣王内宫的大门前,停在断事厅前面,稳稳地立在那里,就像被固定住了一样,为转轮圣王的内宫增添光彩。
‘‘Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ abhivijinitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā rañño cakkavattissa antepuradvāre atthakaraṇapamukhe akkhāhataṃ maññe aṭṭhāsi rañño cakkavattissa antepuraṃ upasobhayamānaṃ.
19第二等转轮王论
Dutiyādicakkavattikathā
88比丘们,第二位转轮圣王也这样做了……第三位转轮圣王也这样做了……第四位……第五位……第六位……乃至第七位转轮圣王,在过了许多年、许多百年、许多千年之后,对某个人说:‘喂,伙计,当你看到那神圣的轮宝从原处滑落、离开了原位,就来告诉我。’那人回答:‘好的,大王。’比丘们,过了许多年、许多百年、许多千年之后,那人果然看到了那神圣的轮宝从原处滑落、离开了原位。看到之后,他便去到转轮圣王那里,对转轮圣王说:‘大王,请您注意,您的神圣轮宝从原处滑落,离开原位了。’
‘‘Dutiyopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī…pe… tatiyopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī… catutthopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī… pañcamopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī… chaṭṭhopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī… sattamopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī bahunnaṃ vassānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi – ‘yadā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, passeyyāsi dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ, atha me āroceyyāsī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, so puriso rañño cakkavattissa paccassosi. Addasā kho , bhikkhave, so puriso bahunnaṃ vassānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ. Disvāna yena rājā cakkavattī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ etadavoca – ‘yagghe , deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ te cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cuta’nti?
89比丘们,那时转轮圣王便把长子——那位王子叫来,对他说:‘亲爱的王子啊,听说我的神圣轮宝已经从原处滑落、离开原位了。而我也曾听说过:如果哪一位转轮圣王的神圣轮宝滑落、离开了原位,那么那位国王就活不了多久了。我该享受的人间欲乐已经享受够了,现在该是我去追寻天界欲乐的时候了。来吧,孩子,你来接管这片直到海边的大地。我将剃除须发,穿上袈裟,离开家过无家的出家生活。’
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī jeṭṭhaputtaṃ kumāraṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca – ‘dibbaṃ kira me, tāta kumāra, cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ, ṭhānā cutaṃ, sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ – yassa rañño cakkavattissa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkati, ṭhānā cavati, na dāni tena raññā ciraṃ jīvitabbaṃ hotīti. Bhuttā kho pana me mānusakā kāmā, samayo dāni me dibbe kāme pariyesituṃ, ehi tvaṃ, tāta kumāra, imaṃ samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ paṭipajja . Ahaṃ pana kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissāmī’ti.
22比丘们,转轮圣王详细地教导了长子王子治理国家的方法之后,便剃除了须发,穿上袈裟,离开家过起了无家的出家生活。可是,比丘们,就在圣王出家后的第七天,那神圣的轮宝消失了。
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī jeṭṭhaputtaṃ kumāraṃ sādhukaṃ rajje samanusāsitvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji. Sattāhapabbajite kho pana, bhikkhave, rājisimhi dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antaradhāyi.
90比丘们,那时有一个人去见那位灌顶刹帝利王,见了之后对他说:‘大王,您要知道,神圣的轮宝已经消失了啊!’比丘们,那位灌顶刹帝利王知道神圣的轮宝消失后,感到很不高兴,内心非常不悦。但他并没有去拜访那位王仙,向他请教什么是圣转轮王之行。他就只是凭着自己的意见来治理国家。当他这样凭己意治理国家时,各地的福乐就一代不如一代,再也不像从前的国王们遵行圣转轮王之行那样了。
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso yena rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ khattiyaṃ muddhābhisittaṃ etadavoca – ‘yagghe, deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antarahita’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto dibbe cakkaratane antarahite anattamano ahosi. Anattamanatañca paṭisaṃvedesi; no ca kho rājisiṃ upasaṅkamitvā ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ pucchi. So samateneva sudaṃ janapadaṃ pasāsati. Tassa samatena janapadaṃ pasāsato pubbenāparaṃ janapadā na pabbanti, yathā taṃ pubbakānaṃ rājūnaṃ ariye cakkavattivatte vattamānānaṃ.
24比丘们,这时,大臣、侍从、理财官、军队将领、守门人以及谋士们聚集在一起,对那位灌顶刹帝利王说:‘大王,您只是凭着自己的意见治理国家,各地的福乐一代不如一代,再也不像从前的国王们遵行圣转轮王之行那样了。大王,在您的领土内,有我们这些大臣、侍从、理财官、军队将领、守门人和谋士,还有其他人,都记得圣转轮王之行。大王,请您来问我们什么是圣转轮王之行吧。您问了,我们就会为您解说。’
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, amaccā pārisajjā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā mantassājīvino sannipatitvā rājānaṃ khattiyaṃ muddhābhisittaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘na kho te, deva, samatena (sudaṃ) janapadaṃ pasāsato pubbenāparaṃ janapadā pabbanti, yathā taṃ pubbakānaṃ rājūnaṃ ariye cakkavattivatte vattamānānaṃ. Saṃvijjanti kho te, deva, vijite amaccā pārisajjā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā mantassājīvino mayañceva aññe ca ye mayaṃ ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ dhārema. Iṅgha tvaṃ, deva, amhe ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ puccha. Tassa te mayaṃ ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ puṭṭhā byākarissāmā’ti.
25寿命容色等终尽论
Āyuvaṇṇādipariyānikathā
91那时,比丘们,那位灌顶刹帝利王召集了大臣、随从、会计官、将军、守门卫兵和靠智慧谋生的人,向他们询问什么是圣转轮王之行。这些人被问到后,就为他说明圣转轮王之行。国王听了之后,虽然如法地安排了守护、防卫与保护,却没有给那些贫穷的人财富。由于穷人得不到财富,贫困就蔓延开来。贫困蔓延后,有一个人去拿了别人没有给他的东西,也就是犯了偷盗。他们抓住了他,把他带到那位灌顶刹帝利王面前,禀报说:'大王,这个人拿了别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗。'比丘们,听到这样的话,灌顶刹帝利王就问那个人:'兄弟,听说你真的拿了别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗吗?'那人回答:'是真的,大王。'国王问:'为什么这么做?'他回答:'大王,我没法活下去了。'于是,比丘们,那位灌顶刹帝利王就给了他财富,并说:'兄弟,你用这些财富养活自己,奉养父母,照料妻儿,开展家业,并在沙门、婆罗门那里建立能带来生天果报、快乐果报、导向天界的布施。'比丘们,那个人回答国王说:'遵命,大王。'
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto amacce pārisajje gaṇakamahāmatte anīkaṭṭhe dovārike mantassājīvino sannipātetvā ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ pucchi. Tassa te ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ puṭṭhā byākariṃsu. Tesaṃ sutvā dhammikañhi kho rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahi, no ca kho adhanānaṃ dhanamanuppadāsi. Adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate aññataro puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aggahesuṃ. Gahetvā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa dassesuṃ – ‘ayaṃ, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca – ‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, ambho purisa, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti ? ‘Saccaṃ, devā’ti. ‘Kiṃ kāraṇā’ti? ‘Na hi, deva, jīvāmī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto tassa purisassa dhanamanuppadāsi – ‘iminā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, dhanena attanā ca jīvāhi, mātāpitaro ca posehi, puttadārañca posehi, kammante ca payojehi, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpehi sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanika’nti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, so puriso rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa paccassosi.
27比丘们,又有另一个人拿走了别人没给的东西,也就是犯了偷盗。他们抓住了他,把他带到那位灌顶刹帝利王面前,禀报说:'大王,这个人拿走了别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗。'比丘们,听到这样的话,灌顶刹帝利王就问那个人:'兄弟,听说你真的拿走了别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗吗?'那人回答:'是真的,大王。'国王问:'为什么这么做?'他回答:'大王,我没法活下去了。'于是,比丘们,那位灌顶刹帝利王又给了这个人财富,并说:'兄弟,你用这些财富养活自己,奉养父母,照料妻儿,开展家业,并在沙门、婆罗门那里建立能带来生天果报、快乐果报、导向天界的布施。'比丘们,那个人也回答国王说:'遵命,大王。'
‘‘Aññataropi kho, bhikkhave, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aggahesuṃ. Gahetvā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa dassesuṃ – ‘ayaṃ, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca – ‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, ambho purisa, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti? ‘Saccaṃ, devā’ti. ‘Kiṃ kāraṇā’ti? ‘Na hi, deva, jīvāmī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto tassa purisassa dhanamanuppadāsi – ‘iminā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, dhanena attanā ca jīvāhi, mātāpitaro ca posehi, puttadārañca posehi, kammante ca payojehi, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpehi sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanika’nti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, so puriso rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa paccassosi .
92比丘们,人们听说:'各位,听说凡是拿了别人没给的东西、犯了偷盗的人,国王都会给他们财富!'听了之后,他们心里就想:'不如我们也去拿别人没给的东西,犯一犯偷盗吧!'于是,比丘们,又有另外一个人也去拿别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗。他们抓住了他,把他带到那位灌顶刹帝利王面前,禀报说:'大王,这个人拿走了别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗。'比丘们,听到这样的话,灌顶刹帝利王就问那个人:'兄弟,听说你真的拿走了别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗吗?'那人回答:'是真的,大王。'国王问:'为什么这么做?'他回答:'大王,我没法活下去了。'这时,比丘们,那位灌顶刹帝利王心里想:'如果任何一个拿别人没给的东西、犯了偷盗的人,我都给他财富,那这种偷盗的事只会越来越多。不如我好好地惩罚一下这个人,将他彻底铲除,砍掉他的头!'于是,比丘们,灌顶刹帝利王就命令手下的人:'士兵们,你们把这个人用结实的绳子反绑双手,绑紧,剃光他的头,然后用刺耳的大鼓敲打着,带着他走过一条街又一条街,穿过一个十字路口又一个十字路口,从城南门出去,在城南边的城外,好好地惩罚他,将他彻底铲除,砍掉他的头!'比丘们,那些人遵照灌顶刹帝利王的命令,答应'遵命,大王'后,就用结实的绳子把那个人反绑双手,绑紧,剃光了他的头,接着用刺耳的大鼓敲打着,带他走过一条街又一条街,穿过一个十字路口又一个十字路口,从城南门出去,在城南边的城外,好好地惩罚了他,将他彻底铲除,砍掉了他的头。
‘‘Assosuṃ kho, bhikkhave, manussā – ‘ye kira, bho, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyanti, tesaṃ rājā dhanamanuppadetī’ti. Sutvāna tesaṃ etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūna mayampi paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyeyyāmā’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aggahesuṃ. Gahetvā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa dassesuṃ – ‘ayaṃ, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca – ‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, ambho purisa, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti? ‘Saccaṃ, devā’ti. ‘Kiṃ kāraṇā’ti? ‘Na hi, deva, jīvāmī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa etadahosi – ‘sace kho ahaṃ yo yo paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyissati, tassa tassa dhanamanuppadassāmi, evamidaṃ adinnādānaṃ pavaḍḍhissati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ purisaṃ sunisedhaṃ nisedheyyaṃ, mūlaghaccaṃ kareyyaṃ, sīsamassa chindeyya’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto purise āṇāpesi – ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, imaṃ purisaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhamitvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa sunisedhaṃ nisedhetha, mūlaghaccaṃ karotha, sīsamassa chindathā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, te purisā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa paṭissutvā taṃ purisaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhamitvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa sunisedhaṃ nisedhesuṃ, mūlaghaccaṃ akaṃsu, sīsamassa chindiṃsu.
93比丘们,人们听说这件事:'各位,听说对于那些拿了别人没给的东西、犯了偷盗的人,国王会严厉地惩罚他们,将他们彻底铲除,砍掉他们的头!'大家听了之后,心里就想:'不如我们也让人打造锋利的武器吧,有了锋利的武器,对于那些我们要去拿他们没给的东西的人,我们就严厉地惩罚他们,将他们彻底铲除,砍掉他们的头!'于是,他们就让人打造了锋利的武器。有了锋利的武器后,他们便开始洗劫村庄,开始洗劫城镇,开始洗劫城市,开始拦路打劫。对于那些他们去拿人家东西的人,他们就把人严厉地惩罚,彻底铲除,砍掉对方的头。
‘‘Assosuṃ kho, bhikkhave, manussā – ‘ye kira, bho, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyanti, te rājā sunisedhaṃ nisedheti, mūlaghaccaṃ karoti, sīsāni tesaṃ chindatī’ti. Sutvāna tesaṃ etadahosi – ‘yaṃnūna mayampi tiṇhāni satthāni kārāpessāma , tiṇhāni satthāni kārāpetvā yesaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyissāma, te sunisedhaṃ nisedhessāma, mūlaghaccaṃ karissāma, sīsāni tesaṃ chindissāmā’ti. Te tiṇhāni satthāni kārāpesuṃ, tiṇhāni satthāni kārāpetvā gāmaghātampi upakkamiṃsu kātuṃ, nigamaghātampi upakkamiṃsu kātuṃ, nagaraghātampi upakkamiṃsu kātuṃ, panthaduhanampi upakkamiṃsu kātuṃ. Yesaṃ te adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyanti, te sunisedhaṃ nisedhenti, mūlaghaccaṃ karonti, sīsāni tesaṃ chindanti.
94比丘们,就这样,由于穷人得不到财富,贫困就蔓延开来;贫困蔓延开来后,偷盗就蔓延开来;偷盗蔓延开来后,暴力就蔓延开来;暴力蔓延开来后,杀生就蔓延开来;杀生蔓延开来后,那些众生的寿命就衰减了,容貌也衰减了。在寿命衰减、容貌衰减的情况下,那些原本寿命八万岁的人们,他们的孩子寿命只有四万岁了。
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi, dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate adinnādānaṃ vepullamagamāsi, adinnādāne vepullaṃ gate satthaṃ vepullamagamāsi, satthe vepullaṃ gate pāṇātipāto vepullamagamāsi, pāṇātipāte vepullaṃ gate tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ asītivassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārīsavassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
31比丘们,在人们寿命只有四万岁的时候,又有一个人拿走了别人没给的东西,也就是犯了偷盗。他们抓住了他,把他带到灌顶刹帝利王面前,禀报说:'大王,这个人拿走了别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗。'比丘们,听到这样的话,那位灌顶刹帝利王就问那个人:'兄弟,听说你真的拿走了别人没给的东西,犯了偷盗吗?'那个人明明知道,却故意说谎:'没有的事,大王!'
‘‘Cattārīsavassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu aññataro puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aggahesuṃ. Gahetvā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa dassesuṃ – ‘ayaṃ, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca – ‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, ambho purisa, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti? ‘Na hi, devā’ti sampajānamusā abhāsi.
95“比丘们,就这样,因为没有给那些贫穷的人提供财富,贫穷就越来越泛滥;贫穷泛滥了,偷盗就越来越泛滥;偷盗泛滥了,刀杖就越来越泛滥;刀杖泛滥了,杀生就越来越泛滥;杀生泛滥了,妄语就越来越泛滥;妄语泛滥后,那些众生的寿命也减损了,容色也减损了。在他们寿命减损、容色减损的过程中,本来寿命四万岁的人类,他们的孩子寿命就只有两万岁了。”
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate adinnādānaṃ vepullamagamāsi, adinnādāne vepullaṃ gate satthaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Satthe vepullaṃ gate pāṇātipāto vepullamagamāsi, pāṇātipāte vepullaṃ gate musāvādo vepullamagamāsi , musāvāde vepullaṃ gate tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ cattārīsavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vīsativassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
33“比丘们,在人类寿命两万岁的时期,有一个人拿了别人没给的东西,也就是做了所谓的偷盗。另一个人就向那位灌顶刹帝利王告发了他,说:‘大王,某某人拿了别人没给的东西,做了偷盗的事。’ 这人这么一说,就造作了两舌。”
‘‘Vīsativassasahassāyukesu , bhikkhave, manussesu aññataro puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aññataro puriso rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa ārocesi – ‘itthannāmo, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti pesuññamakāsi.
96“比丘们,就这样,因为没有给那些贫穷的人提供财富,贫穷就越来越泛滥;贫穷泛滥了,偷盗就越来越泛滥;偷盗泛滥了,刀杖就越来越泛滥;刀杖泛滥了,杀生就越来越泛滥;杀生泛滥了,妄语就越来越泛滥;妄语泛滥了,两舌就越来越泛滥;两舌泛滥后,那些众生的寿命也减损了,容色也减损了。在他们寿命减损、容色减损的过程中,本来寿命两万岁的人类,他们的孩子寿命就只有一万岁了。”
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate adinnādānaṃ vepullamagamāsi, adinnādāne vepullaṃ gate satthaṃ vepullamagamāsi, satthe vepullaṃ gate pāṇātipāto vepullamagamāsi, pāṇātipāte vepullaṃ gate musāvādo vepullamagamāsi, musāvāde vepullaṃ gate pisuṇā vācā vepullamagamāsi, pisuṇāya vācāya vepullaṃ gatāya tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ vīsativassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ dasavassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
35“比丘们,在人类寿命一万岁的时期,有些众生容貌端正,有些众生却相貌丑陋。那些相貌丑陋的众生,贪图那些容貌端正的众生,就去侵犯他人的伴侣,造作了邪淫。”
‘‘Dasavassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ekidaṃ sattā vaṇṇavanto honti, ekidaṃ sattā dubbaṇṇā. Tattha ye te sattā dubbaṇṇā, te vaṇṇavante satte abhijjhāyantā paresaṃ dāresu cārittaṃ āpajjiṃsu.
97“比丘们,就这样,因为没有给那些贫穷的人提供财富,贫穷就越来越泛滥;贫穷泛滥了……乃至……邪淫就越来越泛滥;邪淫泛滥后,那些众生的寿命也减损了,容色也减损了。在他们寿命减损、容色减损的过程中,本来寿命一万岁的人类,他们的孩子寿命就只有五千岁了。”
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate…pe… kāmesumicchācāro vepullamagamāsi, kāmesumicchācāre vepullaṃ gate tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ dasavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ pañcavassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
98“比丘们,在人类寿命五千岁的时期,有两种法越来越泛滥,那就是恶口和杂秽语。在这两种法泛滥之后,那些众生的寿命也减损了,容色也减损了。在他们寿命减损、容色减损的过程中,本来寿命五千岁的人类,他们生出的孩子,有的寿命只有两千五百岁,有的则只有两千岁。”
‘‘Pañcavassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave , manussesu dve dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu – pharusāvācā samphappalāpo ca. Dvīsu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ pañcavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ appekacce aḍḍhateyyavassasahassāyukā, appekacce dvevassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
99“比丘们,当人类寿命是两千五百岁时,贪欲与嗔恨变得盛行。由于贪欲与嗔恨盛行,那些众生的寿命衰减了,容貌也衰减了。在他们寿命衰减、容貌衰减的情况下,寿命两千五百岁的人,他们的孩子寿命变成了一千岁。”
‘‘Aḍḍhateyyavassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu abhijjhābyāpādā vepullamagamaṃsu. Abhijjhābyāpādesu vepullaṃ gatesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ aḍḍhateyyavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
100“比丘们,当人类寿命是一千岁时,邪见变得盛行了。由于邪见盛行,那些众生的寿命衰减了,容貌也衰减了。在他们寿命衰减、容貌衰减的情况下,寿命一千岁的人,他们的孩子寿命变成了五百岁。”
‘‘Vassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu micchādiṭṭhi vepullamagamāsi. Micchādiṭṭhiyā vepullaṃ gatāya tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ vassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ pañcavassasatāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
101“比丘们,当人类寿命是五百岁时,有三种法变得盛行了:对非法之物的贪爱、不正当的贪婪、邪法。由于这三种法盛行,那些众生的寿命衰减了,容貌也衰减了。在他们寿命衰减、容貌衰减的情况下,寿命五百岁的人,有的孩子寿命变成了两百五十岁,有的孩子寿命变成了两百岁。”
‘‘Pañcavassasatāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu tayo dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu. Adhammarāgo visamalobho micchādhammo. Tīsu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ pañcavassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ appekacce aḍḍhateyyavassasatāyukā, appekacce dvevassasatāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
41“比丘们,当人类寿命是两百五十岁时,这些法变得盛行了:不敬母亲、不敬父亲、不敬沙门、不敬婆罗门、不尊重家族中的长辈。”
‘‘Aḍḍhateyyavassasatāyukesu, bhikkhave , manussesu ime dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu. Amatteyyatā apetteyyatā asāmaññatā abrahmaññatā na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitā.
102“比丘们,就像这样,当国王不给贫穷的人钱财时,贫穷就变得盛行了。由于贫穷盛行,偷盗便变得盛行了。由于偷盗盛行,刀兵便变得盛行了。由于刀兵盛行,杀生便变得盛行了。由于杀生盛行,妄语便变得盛行了。由于妄语盛行,两舌便变得盛行了。由于两舌盛行,邪淫便变得盛行了。由于邪淫盛行,又有两种法变得盛行了:恶口与绮语。由于这两种法盛行,贪欲与嗔恨便变得盛行了。由于贪欲与嗔恨盛行,邪见便变得盛行了。由于邪见盛行,又有三种法变得盛行了:对非法之物的贪爱、不正当的贪婪、邪法。由于这三种法盛行,这些法又变得盛行了:不敬母亲、不敬父亲、不敬沙门、不敬婆罗门、不尊重家族中的长辈。由于这些法盛行,那些众生的寿命衰减了,容貌也衰减了。在他们寿命衰减、容貌衰减的情况下,寿命两百五十岁的人,他们的孩子寿命变成了一百岁。”
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate adinnādānaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Adinnādāne vepullaṃ gate satthaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Satthe vepullaṃ gate pāṇātipāto vepullamagamāsi. Pāṇātipāte vepullaṃ gate musāvādo vepullamagamāsi. Musāvāde vepullaṃ gate pisuṇā vācā vepullamagamāsi. Pisuṇāya vācāya vepullaṃ gatāya kāmesumicchācāro vepullamagamāsi. Kāmesumicchācāre vepullaṃ gate dve dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu, pharusā vācā samphappalāpo ca. Dvīsu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu abhijjhābyāpādā vepullamagamaṃsu. Abhijjhābyāpādesu vepullaṃ gatesu micchādiṭṭhi vepullamagamāsi. Micchādiṭṭhiyā vepullaṃ gatāya tayo dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu, adhammarāgo visamalobho micchādhammo. Tīsu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu ime dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu, amatteyyatā apetteyyatā asāmaññatā abrahmaññatā na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitā. Imesu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ aḍḍhateyyavassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vassasatāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.
43十岁寿命时期
Dasavassāyukasamayo
103“比丘们,会有那么一个时候,那时这些人的孩子寿命将只有十岁。比丘们,在人类寿命十岁的时候,五岁的小女孩就会到了适婚的年龄。比丘们,在人类寿命十岁的时候,这些味道将会消失,也就是:酥油、新鲜奶油、油、蜂蜜、糖蜜和盐。比丘们,在人类寿命十岁的时候,草籽将成为最好的食物。比丘们,就像如今最好的食物是米饭拌肉一样,比丘们,同样的道理,在人类寿命十岁的时候,草籽将成为最好的食物。”
‘‘Bhavissati , bhikkhave, so samayo, yaṃ imesaṃ manussānaṃ dasavassāyukā puttā bhavissanti. Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu pañcavassikā kumārikā alaṃpateyyā bhavissanti. Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu imāni rasāni antaradhāyissanti, seyyathidaṃ, sappi navanītaṃ telaṃ madhu phāṇitaṃ loṇaṃ. Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu kudrūsako aggaṃ bhojanānaṃ bhavissati. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, etarahi sālimaṃsodano aggaṃ bhojanānaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dasavassāyukesu manussesu kudrūsako aggaṃ bhojanānaṃ bhavissati.
45比丘们,在人类寿命只有十岁的时候,十种善业道会彻底消失,十种不善业道会极度盛行。比丘们,在人类寿命只有十岁的时候,连‘善’这个名称都不存在了,哪里还能找到行善的人呢?比丘们,在人类寿命只有十岁的时候,那些不孝敬母亲、不孝敬父亲、不尊敬沙门、不尊敬婆罗门、不恭敬家族中长辈的人,反而会受到崇拜和称赞。比丘们,就像现在这个时代,孝敬母亲、孝敬父亲、尊敬沙门、尊敬婆罗门、恭敬家族中长辈的人会受到崇拜和称赞一样;同样地,比丘们,在人类寿命只有十岁的时候,那些不孝敬母亲、不孝敬父亲、不尊敬沙门、不尊敬婆罗门、不恭敬家族中长辈的人,反而会受到崇拜和称赞。
‘‘Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu dasa kusalakammapathā sabbena sabbaṃ antaradhāyissanti, dasa akusalakammapathā atibyādippissanti . Dasavassāyukesu , bhikkhave, manussesu kusalantipi na bhavissati, kuto pana kusalassa kārako. Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ye te bhavissanti amatteyyā apetteyyā asāmaññā abrahmaññā na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, te pujjā ca bhavissanti pāsaṃsā ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, etarahi matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino pujjā ca pāsaṃsā ca; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dasavassāyukesu manussesu ye te bhavissanti amatteyyā apetteyyā asāmaññā abrahmaññā na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, te pujjā ca bhavissanti pāsaṃsā ca.
46比丘们,在人类寿命只有十岁的时候,人们心中将不再有‘母亲’、‘姨母’、‘舅母’、‘师母’或‘长辈的妻子’这些概念,也不会尊重他们。整个世界将陷入人伦的混乱,就像山羊、绵羊、鸡、猪、狗、豺狼一样没有分别。
‘‘Dasavassāyukesu , bhikkhave, manussesu na bhavissati mātāti vā mātucchāti vā mātulānīti vā ācariyabhariyāti vā garūnaṃ dārāti vā. Sambhedaṃ loko gamissati yathā ajeḷakā kukkuṭasūkarā soṇasiṅgālā .
47比丘们,在人类寿命只有十岁的时候,那些众生彼此之间会生起强烈的仇恨、强烈的恶意、强烈的杀心和强烈的屠戮之心。母亲对儿子,儿子对母亲;父亲对儿子,儿子对父亲;兄弟对姐妹,姐妹对兄弟,都会生起强烈的仇恨、强烈的恶意、强烈的杀心和强烈的屠戮之心。比丘们,就像猎人看到猎物时,心中会生起强烈的仇恨、强烈的恶意、强烈的杀心和强烈的屠戮之心;同样地,比丘们,在人类寿命只有十岁的时候,那些众生彼此之间会生起强烈的仇恨、强烈的恶意、强烈的杀心和强烈的屠戮之心。母亲对儿子,儿子对母亲;父亲对儿子,儿子对父亲;兄弟对姐妹,姐妹对兄弟,都会生起强烈的仇恨、强烈的恶意、强烈的杀心和强烈的屠戮之心。
‘‘Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ aññamaññamhi tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito bhavissati tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ. Mātupi puttamhi puttassapi mātari; pitupi puttamhi puttassapi pitari; bhātupi bhaginiyā bhaginiyāpi bhātari tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito bhavissati tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, māgavikassa migaṃ disvā tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito hoti tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dasavassāyukesu manussesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ aññamaññamhi tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito bhavissati tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ. Mātupi puttamhi puttassapi mātari; pitupi puttamhi puttassapi pitari; bhātupi bhaginiyā bhaginiyāpi bhātari tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito bhavissati tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ.
104比丘们,在人类寿命只有十岁的时候,将会出现为期七天的‘刀兵劫’。他们会把彼此看作野兽。他们手中会出现锋利的刀器,用这锋利的刀器互相残杀,嘴里喊着:‘这是野兽!这是野兽!’
‘‘Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu sattāhaṃ satthantarakappo bhavissati. Te aññamaññamhi migasaññaṃ paṭilabhissanti. Tesaṃ tiṇhāni satthāni hatthesu pātubhavissanti. Te tiṇhena satthena ‘esa migo esa migo’ti aññamaññaṃ jīvitā voropessanti.
49比丘们,那时,那些众生中有一部分会这样想:‘我们不要去杀任何人,也不要让任何人来杀我们。我们不如躲进草丛、林丛、树丛、河边的险要之处或山间的崎岖之地,靠着采食林子里的根茎和野果过活吧。’ 于是他们就躲进草丛、林丛、树丛、河边的险要之处或山间的崎岖之地,靠着采食林子里的根茎和野果度过七天。七天过后,他们从草丛、林丛、树丛、河边的险要之处和山间的崎岖之地走出来,彼此拥抱,互相庆贺、互相安慰说:‘太好了,你还活着!太好了,你还活着!’
‘‘Atha kho tesaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ ekaccānaṃ evaṃ bhavissati – ‘mā ca mayaṃ kañci , mā ca amhe koci, yaṃnūna mayaṃ tiṇagahanaṃ vā vanagahanaṃ vā rukkhagahanaṃ vā nadīviduggaṃ vā pabbatavisamaṃ vā pavisitvā vanamūlaphalāhārā yāpeyyāmā’ti. Te tiṇagahanaṃ vā vanagahanaṃ vā rukkhagahanaṃ vā nadīviduggaṃ vā pabbatavisamaṃ vā pavisitvā sattāhaṃ vanamūlaphalāhārā yāpessanti. Te tassa sattāhassa accayena tiṇagahanā vanagahanā rukkhagahanā nadīviduggā pabbatavisamā nikkhamitvā aññamaññaṃ āliṅgitvā sabhāgāyissanti samassāsissanti – ‘diṭṭhā, bho, sattā jīvasi, diṭṭhā, bho, sattā jīvasī’ti.
50寿命容色等增长论
Āyuvaṇṇādivaḍḍhanakathā
105比丘们,接着,那些众生会这样想:‘我们是因为执取不善法的缘故,才遭遇到这样大规模的亲族灭绝。不如我们行善吧。我们该行什么善呢?不如我们远离杀生,接受并奉行这个善法吧。’ 于是他们就远离杀生,接受并奉行这个善法。因为他们执取善法的缘故,他们的寿命和容貌都会增长。这些寿命和容貌都在增长的人们,当他们原本只有十岁寿命时,他们下一代的寿命将会达到二十岁。
‘‘Atha kho tesaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ bhavissati – ‘mayaṃ kho akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu evarūpaṃ āyataṃ ñātikkhayaṃ pattā. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ kusalaṃ kareyyāma. Kiṃ kusalaṃ kareyyāma? Yaṃnūna mayaṃ pāṇātipātā virameyyāma, idaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya vatteyyāmā’ti. Te pāṇātipātā viramissanti, idaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya vattissanti. Te kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu āyunāpi vaḍḍhissanti, vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhissanti . Tesaṃ āyunāpi vaḍḍhamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhamānānaṃ dasavassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vīsativassāyukā puttā bhavissanti.
52“那时,诸比丘,那些众生心中会这样想:‘我们正是因为受持了善法,寿命才得以增长,容貌才得以变好。我们何不更进一步地修习善法呢?我们该修习什么样的善法呢?何不远离不与取……远离欲邪行……远离妄语……远离离间语……远离粗恶语……远离杂秽语……断除贪欲……断除瞋恚……断除邪见……断除三种法——非法的贪爱、不公的贪求、邪曲的法……我们何不成为孝敬母亲、孝敬父亲、尊敬沙门、尊敬婆罗门、恭敬家中长者的呢?’就这样,他们开始受持这善法。他们就会变成孝敬母亲、孝敬父亲、尊敬沙门、尊敬婆罗门、恭敬家中长者的人,并以此善法为准则而生活。
‘‘Atha kho tesaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ bhavissati – ‘mayaṃ kho kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu āyunāpi vaḍḍhāma, vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhāma. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ bhiyyosomattāya kusalaṃ kareyyāma. Kiṃ kusalaṃ kareyyāma? Yaṃnūna mayaṃ adinnādānā virameyyāma… kāmesumicchācārā virameyyāma… musāvādā virameyyāma… pisuṇāya vācāya virameyyāma… pharusāya vācāya virameyyāma… samphappalāpā virameyyāma… abhijjhaṃ pajaheyyāma… byāpādaṃ pajaheyyāma… micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajaheyyāma… tayo dhamme pajaheyyāma – adhammarāgaṃ visamalobhaṃ micchādhammaṃ… yaṃnūna mayaṃ matteyyā assāma petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, idaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya vatteyyāmā’ti. Te matteyyā bhavissanti petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, idaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya vattissanti.
53“他们由于受持了这些善法,寿命又会增长,容貌又会变好。当他们的寿命逐步增长,容貌逐步变好时,寿命二十岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有四十岁的寿命……寿命四十岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有八十岁的寿命……寿命八十岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有一百六十岁的寿命……寿命一百六十岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有三百二十岁的寿命……寿命三百二十岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有六百四十岁的寿命。寿命六百四十岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有二千岁的寿命……寿命二千岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有四千岁的寿命……寿命四千岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有八千岁的寿命……寿命八千岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有二万岁的寿命……寿命二万岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有四万岁的寿命……寿命四万岁的人类,他们的孩子就会有八万岁的寿命。诸比丘,当人类寿命达到八万岁时,五百岁的少女就到了适婚的年龄。
‘‘Te kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu āyunāpi vaḍḍhissanti, vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhissanti. Tesaṃ āyunāpi vaḍḍhamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhamānānaṃ vīsativassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārīsavassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… cattārīsavassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ asītivassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… asītivassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ saṭṭhivassasatāyukā puttā bhavissanti… saṭṭhivassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vīsatitivassasatāyukā puttā bhavissanti… vīsatitivassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārīsachabbassasatāyukā puttā bhavissanti. Cattārīsachabbassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ dvevassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… dvevassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārivassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… cattārivassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ aṭṭhavassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… aṭṭhavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vīsativassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… vīsativassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārīsavassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… cattārīsavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ asītivassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu pañcavassasatikā kumārikā alaṃpateyyā bhavissanti.
54桑卡王出现
Saṅkharājauppatti
106“诸比丘,在人类寿命八万岁的时候,将只有三种病:欲求、饥饿和衰老。诸比丘,在人类寿命八万岁的时候,这个阎浮提洲将会是富裕且繁荣的,村落、城镇和王都之间近得如同公鸡可以飞越。诸比丘,在人类寿命八万岁的时候,这个阎浮提洲到处挤满了人,就好比一片竹林或芦苇丛一样。诸比丘,在人类寿命八万岁的时候,这个名为波罗奈的城市将成为王都,名叫翅头末,它将富裕、繁荣、人口众多、人山人海,并且物产丰富。诸比丘,在人类寿命八万岁的时候,在这个阎浮提洲里,将会有八万四千座城市,以王都翅头末为首。诸比丘,在人类寿命八万岁的时候,在翅头末王都,将会出现一位名叫桑卡的国王,他是一位转轮王,是依正法统治的法王,征服了四方,国土安稳,具足七宝。他将拥有这七种宝,也就是:轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝和第七的将军宝。他还有超过一千个儿子,个个是英勇的战士,相貌堂堂,能摧毁敌军。他将不用刀杖、依法征服这片以海为界的土地,并安定地居住其上。
‘‘Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu tayo ābādhā bhavissanti, icchā, anasanaṃ, jarā. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ayaṃ jambudīpo iddho ceva bhavissati phīto ca, kukkuṭasampātikā gāmanigamarājadhāniyo . Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ayaṃ jambudīpo avīci maññe phuṭo bhavissati manussehi, seyyathāpi naḷavanaṃ vā saravanaṃ vā. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ayaṃ bārāṇasī ketumatī nāma rājadhānī bhavissati iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ca ākiṇṇamanussā ca subhikkhā ca. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu imasmiṃ jambudīpe caturāsītinagarasahassāni bhavissanti ketumatīrājadhānīpamukhāni. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ketumatiyā rājadhāniyā saṅkho nāma rājā uppajjissati cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavissanti, seyyathidaṃ, cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavissanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasissati.
56弥勒佛出世
Metteyyabuddhuppādo
107“诸比丘,在人类寿命八万岁的时候,将有一位名为弥勒的世尊出现于世,他是一位阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。就好像我今天出现于世,是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊一样。他会亲身证悟这包含天界、魔界、梵天界,以及沙门、婆罗门、天、人众生的世界,并把它宣说出来,就像我今天亲身证悟后,把这包含天界、魔界、梵天界,以及沙门、婆罗门、天、人众生的世界宣说出来一样。他会开示初善、中善、后善,义理与文句具足的教法,宣扬完全圆满、清净的梵行;就像我今天开示初善、中善、后善,义理与文句具足的教法,宣扬完全圆满、清净的梵行一样。他会统领有数千位比丘的僧团,就像我今天统领有数百位比丘的僧团一样。
‘‘Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu metteyyo nāma bhagavā loke uppajjissati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. Seyyathāpāhametarahi loke uppanno arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedessati, seyyathāpāhametarahi imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedemi. So dhammaṃ desessati ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsessati; seyyathāpāhametarahi dhammaṃ desemi ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsemi. So anekasahassaṃ bhikkhusaṃghaṃ pariharissati, seyyathāpāhametarahi anekasataṃ bhikkhusaṃghaṃ pariharāmi.
108“那时,诸比丘,那位名叫桑卡的国王,将会把那根由马哈巴那达王建造的柱子竖立起来,并在那里住下。之后,他会将它布施、舍弃,供养给出家人、婆罗门、穷人、流浪者和乞丐。接着,他会在弥勒世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者的座前,剃除须发,穿上袈裟,从在家生活中出家,进入无家的修行生活。出家之后,他将独自隐居,精进、热烈、全心投入地修行,不久之后,就会在现法中以自身的智慧证悟,并安住于那个良家子弟由在家而出家所追求的、无上的梵行终极目标。
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, saṅkho nāma rājā yo so yūpo raññā mahāpanādena kārāpito. Taṃ yūpaṃ ussāpetvā ajjhāvasitvā taṃ datvā vissajjitvā samaṇabrāhmaṇakapaṇaddhikavaṇibbakayācakānaṃ dānaṃ datvā metteyyassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissati. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati.
109“诸比丘,你们要住于以自己为岛屿,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依;以法为岛屿,以法为归依,不以他人为归依。诸比丘,一位比丘如何做到以自己为岛屿,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依;以法为岛屿,以法为归依,不以他人为归依呢?在此,诸比丘,一位比丘于身,随观身而住,精勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪欲与忧愁。于诸感受,随观感受而住……于内心,随观心而住……于诸法,随观法而住,精勤、正知、具念,调伏世间的贪欲与忧愁。诸比丘,就是这样,一位比丘做到以自己为岛屿,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依;以法为岛屿,以法为归依,不以他人为归依。”
‘‘Attadīpā, bhikkhave, viharatha attasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā, dhammadīpā dhammasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attadīpo viharati attasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo dhammadīpo dhammasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī…pe… citte cittānupassī…pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attadīpo viharati attasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo dhammadīpo dhammasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo.
60比丘寿命容色等增长论
Bhikkhunoāyuvaṇṇādivaḍḍhanakathā
110“比丘们,你们要在自己的行境中活动,在你们父辈的领域中游走。比丘们,当你们在自己的行境中活动,在父辈的领域中游走时,你们的寿命会增长,容貌会增长,快乐会增长,财富会增长,力量也会增长。”
‘‘Gocare, bhikkhave, caratha sake pettike visaye. Gocare, bhikkhave, carantā sake pettike visaye āyunāpi vaḍḍhissatha, vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhissatha, sukhenapi vaḍḍhissatha, bhogenapi vaḍḍhissatha, balenapi vaḍḍhissatha.
62“比丘们,什么是比丘的寿命呢?这里,比丘们,一位比丘修习由欲、定、精进、造作所共同成就的神足,修习由精进、定、精进、造作所共同成就的神足,修习由心、定、精进、造作所共同成就的神足,修习由观、定、精进、造作所共同成就的神足。由于他反复修习、充分培养了这四种神足,如果他希望,他可以住世一劫,或者住世超过一劫的时间。比丘们,这就是比丘的寿命。”
‘‘Kiñca , bhikkhave, bhikkhuno āyusmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti. So imesaṃ catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā ākaṅkhamāno kappaṃ vā tiṭṭheyya kappāvasesaṃ vā. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno āyusmiṃ.
63“比丘们,什么是比丘的容貌呢?这里,比丘们,一位比丘持戒清净,安住于巴帝摩卡律的防护中,行境与威仪都圆满具足,即使在微小的过失上也能见到危险,他完全受持并学习这些学处。比丘们,这就是比丘的容貌。”
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vaṇṇasmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vaṇṇasmiṃ.
64“比丘们,什么是比丘的快乐呢?这里,比丘们,一位比丘确实远离了欲乐,远离了不善法,有寻有伺,从远离中产生了喜与乐,他进入并安住在初禅。当他平息了寻与伺……进入并安住在第二禅……第三禅……第四禅,他进入并安住在其中。比丘们,这就是比丘的快乐。”
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno sukhasmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno, sukhasmiṃ.
65“比丘们,什么是比丘的财富呢?这里,比丘们,一位比丘以慈爱与心一同遍满一个方向而住,同样地第二个方向,同样地第三个方向,同样地第四个方向。就这样,向上、向下、横向,遍及一切处,涵盖整个世界,他以广大、高尚、无量、无怨恨、无恼害的慈爱与心一同遍满而住。以悲悯与心一同遍满……以随喜与心一同遍满……以舍心与心一同遍满一个方向而住。同样地第二个方向,同样地第三个方向,同样地第四个方向。就这样,向上、向下、横向,遍及一切处,涵盖整个世界,他以广大、高尚、无量、无怨恨、无恼害的舍心与心一同遍满而住。比丘们,这就是比丘的财富。”
‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhogasmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhogasmiṃ.
66“比丘们,什么是比丘的力量呢?这里,比丘们,一位比丘通过断尽一切烦恼,在现法中以自己的智慧亲自证知并进入了无烦恼的心解脱、慧解脱,他安住其中。比丘们,这就是比丘的力量。”
‘‘Kiñca , bhikkhave, bhikkhuno balasmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno balasmiṃ.
67“诸比丘,我不见有任何其他一种力量像魔罗的力量这样难以征服。诸比丘,正是由于受持诸善法,这福德才如此增长。”
‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekabalampi samanupassāmi yaṃ evaṃ duppasahaṃ, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, mārabalaṃ. Kusalānaṃ , bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetu evamidaṃ puññaṃ pavaḍḍhatī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
68《转轮王经》完 第三
Cakkavattisuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.