DN 21 · 帝释所问经
18. 帝释问经
8. Sakkapañhasuttaṃ
344如是我闻:有一次,世尊住在摩揭陀国,地点在王舍城东边一个叫做芒果林的婆罗门村,再往北的韦地亚咖山上的因陀娑罗洞窟里。那时候,诸天之王帝释天生起了想要拜见世尊的强烈意愿。于是,诸天之王帝释天心里想:“那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者现在正住在哪里呢?” 诸天之王帝释天看见世尊正住在摩揭陀国,王舍城东边一个叫做芒果林的婆罗门村,再往北的韦地亚咖山上的因陀娑罗洞窟。看到后,他便招呼三十三天的天众们说:“各位贤者,那位世尊正住在摩揭陀国,王舍城东边一个叫做芒果林的婆罗门村,再往北的韦地亚咖山上的因陀娑罗洞窟。各位贤者,如果我们现在就去拜见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者,你们觉得怎么样?”“好的,尊者。” 三十三天的天众们回答诸天之王帝释天。
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā magadhesu viharati, pācīnato rājagahassa ambasaṇḍā nāma brāhmaṇagāmo, tassuttarato vediyake pabbate indasālaguhāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena sakkassa devānamindassa ussukkaṃ udapādi bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Atha kho sakkassa devānamindassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’ti? Addasā kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ magadhesu viharantaṃ pācīnato rājagahassa ambasaṇḍā nāma brāhmaṇagāmo, tassuttarato vediyake pabbate indasālaguhāyaṃ. Disvāna deve tāvatiṃse āmantesi – ‘‘ayaṃ, mārisā, bhagavā magadhesu viharati, pācīnato rājagahassa ambasaṇḍā nāma brāhmaṇagāmo, tassuttarato vediyake pabbate indasālaguhāyaṃ. Yadi pana, mārisā, mayaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyāma arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ bhaddantavā’’ti kho devā tāvatiṃsā sakkassa devānamindassa paccassosuṃ.
345这时,诸天之王帝释天对乾闼婆天子五髻说:“亲爱的五髻,像我这样的人,是不好直接去到正在禅修、乐在禅定之中、处在静默隔离状态的如来面前的。亲爱的五髻,不如你先去让世尊生起欢喜心。亲爱的,由你先让世尊欢喜后,我们随后再去拜见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。”“好的,尊者。”乾闼婆天子五髻答应了诸天之王帝释天,便拿起黄檀琉璃琴,朝着因陀娑罗洞窟的方向走去。到了以后,他心想:“在这个距离,我既不会离世尊太远,也不会太近,而他能听到我的声音。” 于是他站到了一旁。
Atha kho sakko devānamindo pañcasikhaṃ gandhabbadevaputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ayaṃ, tāta pañcasikha, bhagavā magadhesu viharati pācīnato rājagahassa ambasaṇḍā nāma brāhmaṇagāmo, tassuttarato vediyake pabbate indasālaguhāyaṃ. Yadi pana , tāta pañcasikha, mayaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyāma arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ bhaddantavā’’ti kho pañcasikho gandhabbadevaputto sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ ādāya sakkassa devānamindassa anucariyaṃ upāgami.
346接着,诸天之王帝释天,被三十三天众们围绕着,由乾闼婆天子五髻在前面引导,就如同一个强壮的人把弯曲的手臂伸直,或把伸直的手臂弯曲那样快,瞬间就从三十三天众中消失,出现在了摩揭陀国,王舍城东边那个叫芒果林的婆罗门村,再往北的韦地亚咖山上。就在那时,韦地亚咖山连同芒果林婆罗门村,因为诸天们的神力,变得异常光明。甚至周围村落的人们都这么说:“今天的韦地亚咖山是不是着火了?今天的韦地亚咖山是不是在燃烧?今天的韦地亚咖山是不是火焰冲天?为什么今天的韦地亚咖山和芒果林婆罗门村变得如此异常光明啊?” 他们感到惊慌害怕,汗毛直竖。
Atha kho sakko devānamindo devehi tāvatiṃsehi parivuto pañcasikhena gandhabbadevaputtena purakkhato seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva devesu tāvatiṃsesu antarahito magadhesu pācīnato rājagahassa ambasaṇḍā nāma brāhmaṇagāmo, tassuttarato vediyake pabbate paccuṭṭhāsi. Tena kho pana samayena vediyako pabbato atiriva obhāsajāto hoti ambasaṇḍā ca brāhmaṇagāmo yathā taṃ devānaṃ devānubhāvena. Apissudaṃ parito gāmesu manussā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘ādittassu nāmajja vediyako pabbato jhāyatisu nāmajja vediyako pabbato jalatisu nāmajja vediyako pabbato kiṃsu nāmajja vediyako pabbato atiriva obhāsajāto ambasaṇḍā ca brāhmaṇagāmo’’ti saṃviggā lomahaṭṭhajātā ahesuṃ.
347帝释天对五髻说:「五髻啊,像如来这样的圣者深乐禅定、独处远离,我这样的人难以亲近。你先去让世尊心生欢喜,然后我们再上前拜见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。」五髻应道:「是,尊者。」便携琉璃琴走到因陀娑罗洞窟前,择一处站定,心想:「这样的距离,对世尊不远不近,他正好能听见我的琴声。」
Atha kho sakko devānamindo pañcasikhaṃ gandhabbadevaputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘durupasaṅkamā kho, tāta pañcasikha, tathāgatā mādisena, jhāyī jhānaratā, tadantaraṃ paṭisallīnā. Yadi pana tvaṃ, tāta pañcasikha, bhagavantaṃ paṭhamaṃ pasādeyyāsi, tayā, tāta, paṭhamaṃ pasāditaṃ pacchā mayaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyāma arahantaṃ sammāsambuddha’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhaddantavā’’ti kho pañcasikho gandhabbadevaputto sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ ādāya yena indasālaguhā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘ettāvatā me bhagavā neva atidūre bhavissati nāccāsanne, saddañca me sossatī’’ti ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi.
6五髻歌偈
Pañcasikhagītagāthā
7五髻歌偈
Pañcasikhagītagāthā
348站在一旁后,乾闼婆天子五髻便弹奏起黄檀琉璃琴,并唱出了这些与佛相应、与法相应、与僧相应、与阿拉汉相应、也与爱欲相应的偈颂:
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho pañcasikho gandhabbadevaputto beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ assāvesi, imā ca gāthā abhāsi buddhūpasañhitā dhammūpasañhitā saṅghūpasañhitā arahantūpasañhitā kāmūpasañhitā –
9「吉祥的天女啊,我礼敬你的父亲——容颜如日光的乾闼婆王廷婆楼;
‘‘Vande te pitaraṃ bhadde, timbaruṃ sūriyavacchase;
10正因有他,才生下美丽的你,你是我欢喜的源头。
Yena jātāsi kalyāṇī, ānandajananī mama.
11「如清风之于挥汗者,如清水之于干渴者;
‘‘Vātova sedataṃ kanto, pānīyaṃva pipāsato;
12日光天女啊,你令我心生渴慕,正如正法为阿拉汉所珍爱。
Aṅgīrasi piyāmesi, dhammo arahatāmiva.
13「如良药之于病人,如饮食之于饥者;
‘‘Āturasseva bhesajjaṃ, bhojanaṃva jighacchato;
14贤美的天女啊,请如清水熄灭烈火,使我焦灼的心归于清凉寂止。
Parinibbāpaya maṃ bhadde, jalantamiva vārinā.
15「如被暑热所逼的龙象,潜入遍布花蕊清香的清凉莲池——
‘‘Sītodakaṃ pokkharaṇiṃ, yuttaṃ kiñjakkhareṇunā;
16我也要潜入你的乳房和大腿之间。
Nāgo ghammābhitattova, ogāhe te thanūdaraṃ.
17「如同超越钩制的龙象,我已战胜了被击败的敌人;
‘‘Accaṅkusova nāgova, jitaṃ me tuttatomaraṃ;
18我不知道原因,被你的相好和大腿所迷惑。
Kāraṇaṃ nappajānāmi, sammatto lakkhaṇūruyā.
19「我的心贪着于你,心已转变;」
‘‘Tayi gedhitacittosmi, cittaṃ vipariṇāmitaṃ;
20我不能回去,如同弯茎的莲花。
Paṭigantuṃ na sakkomi, vaṅkaghastova ambujo.
21「美腿的贤女啊,请拥抱我;圆眼的女子啊,请拥抱我;
‘‘Vāmūru saja maṃ bhadde, saja maṃ mandalocane;
22美丽的女子啊,请紧紧拥抱我,这是我所期望的。
Palissaja maṃ kalyāṇi, etaṃ me abhipatthitaṃ.
23「我对卷发女的欲望确实很少;
‘‘Appako vata me santo, kāmo vellitakesiyā;
24多种状态生起了,如同对阿拉汉的供养。
Anekabhāvo samuppādi, arahanteva dakkhiṇā.
25「凡我对那些阿拉汉所作的福德;
‘‘Yaṃ me atthi kataṃ puññaṃ, arahantesu tādisu;
26一切肢体美丽的女子啊,愿那与你一起成熟。
Taṃ me sabbaṅgakalyāṇi, tayā saddhiṃ vipaccataṃ.
27「凡我在此大地上所作的福德;
‘‘Yaṃ me atthi kataṃ puññaṃ, asmiṃ pathavimaṇḍale;
28愿那一切肢体美好者,与你一起成熟。
Taṃ me sabbaṅgakalyāṇi, tayā saddhiṃ vipaccataṃ.
29如释迦子以禅那,一心、明智、具念;
‘‘Sakyaputtova jhānena, ekodi nipako sato;
30牟尼欲证得甘露,我对你如日光般。
Amataṃ muni jigīsāno , tamahaṃ sūriyavacchase.
31正如牟尼会欢喜,证得无上正觉;
‘‘Yathāpi muni nandeyya, patvā sambodhimuttamaṃ;
32如是我会欢喜,美好者,与你结合。
Evaṃ nandeyyaṃ kalyāṇi, missībhāvaṃ gato tayā.
33即使帝释天给我恩赐,三十三天之主;
‘‘Sakko ce me varaṃ dajjā, tāvatiṃsānamissaro;
34我会选择你,贤女,我的欲望如此强烈。
Tāhaṃ bhadde vareyyāhe, evaṃ kāmo daḷho mama.
35如不久开花的沙喇树,你的父亲,善慧者;
‘‘Sālaṃva na ciraṃ phullaṃ, pitaraṃ te sumedhase;
36礼敬、顶礼您,您生了如此之女。
Vandamāno namassāmi, yassā setādisī pajā’’ti.
349听了这番话,世尊对乾闼婆天子五髻这样说:“五髻,你的琴声与歌声协调一致,歌声也与琴声协调一致。五髻,你的琴声没有盖过歌声,歌声也没有压过琴声。五髻,你这些与佛相应、与法相应、与僧相应、与阿拉汉相应、也与爱欲相应的偈颂,是什么时候汇编起来的呢?” “尊者,就在世尊您刚成无上正觉,住在优楼频螺,尼连禅河边的阿阇波罗榕树下时,那时候,尊者,我正迷恋着一位名叫跋陀的日天子瓦恰萨,她是乾闼婆王丁巴鲁的女儿。可是尊者,那位姊妹心向他人,她爱慕的是名叫西堪地的,那是御者马塔利的儿子。尊者,当我无法用任何办法得到那位姊妹后,我就拿起这把黄檀琉璃琴,去到乾闼婆王丁巴鲁的宫殿,到了之后,我弹奏起黄檀琉璃琴,并唱出了这些与佛相应、与法相应、与僧相应、与阿拉汉相应、也与爱欲相应的偈颂:
Evaṃ vutte bhagavā pañcasikhaṃ gandhabbadevaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saṃsandati kho te, pañcasikha, tantissaro gītassarena, gītassaro ca tantissarena; na ca pana te pañcasikha, tantissaro gītassaraṃ ativattati, gītassaro ca tantissaraṃ. Kadā saṃyūḷhā pana te, pañcasikha, imā gāthā buddhūpasañhitā dhammūpasañhitā saṅghūpasañhitā arahantūpasañhitā kāmūpasañhitā’’ti? ‘‘Ekamidaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhe paṭhamābhisambuddho . Tena kho panāhaṃ, bhante, samayena bhaddā nāma sūriyavacchasā timbaruno gandhabbarañño dhītā, tamabhikaṅkhāmi. Sā kho pana, bhante, bhaginī parakāminī hoti; sikhaṇḍī nāma mātalissa saṅgāhakassa putto, tamabhikaṅkhati. Yato kho ahaṃ, bhante, taṃ bhaginiṃ nālatthaṃ kenaci pariyāyena. Athāhaṃ beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ ādāya yena timbaruno gandhabbarañño nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ assāvesiṃ, imā ca gāthā abhāsiṃ buddhūpasañhitā dhammūpasañhitā saṅghūpasañhitā arahantūpasañhitā kāmūpasañhitā –
38「跋陀,我礼敬你的父亲甘巴卢,日天子瓦恰萨;
‘‘Vande te pitaraṃ bhadde, timbaruṃ sūriyavacchase;
39因为他生了你这位美丽者,我的欢喜之母。……(中略)……
Yena jātāsi kalyāṇī, ānandajananī mama. …pe…
40如同不久开花的沙喇树,你这位善慧者的父亲;
Sālaṃva na ciraṃ phullaṃ, pitaraṃ te sumedhase;
41礼敬、顶礼您,您生了如此之女。」
Vandamāno namassāmi, yassā setādisī pajā’’ti.
42「尊者,如是说已,跋陀·日天子瓦恰萨对我如此说:『尊者,我未曾面见那位世尊,但我在三十三天的善法堂跳舞时听说过那位世尊。尊者,因为你赞叹那位世尊,今天让我们相会吧。』尊者,那天我就与那位少女相会了。但从那以后就没有了。」
‘‘Evaṃ vutte, bhante, bhaddā sūriyavacchasā maṃ etadavoca – ‘na kho me, mārisa, so bhagavā sammukhā diṭṭho api ca sutoyeva me so bhagavā devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sudhammāyaṃ sabhāyaṃ upanaccantiyā. Yato kho tvaṃ, mārisa, taṃ bhagavantaṃ kittesi, hotu no ajja samāgamo’ti. Soyeva no, bhante, tassā bhaginiyā saddhiṃ samāgamo ahosi. Na ca dāni tato pacchā’’ti.
43帝释天前往
Sakkūpasaṅkama
44帝释天前往
Sakkūpasaṅkama
350那时,帝释天王如此想:「般遮尸卡乾闼婆天子与世尊互相问候,世尊也与般遮尸卡互相问候。」于是帝释天王对般遮尸卡乾闼婆天子说:「亲爱的般遮尸卡,请你代我礼敬世尊:『尊者,帝释天王与大臣、随从以头礼敬世尊足。』」「是的,尊者。」般遮尸卡乾闼婆天子应诺帝释天王后,礼敬世尊:「尊者,帝释天王与大臣、随从以头礼敬世尊足。」「般遮尸卡,愿帝释天王与大臣、随从安乐;因为天人、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆以及其他种种身者都希求安乐。」
Atha kho sakkassa devānamindassa etadahosi – ‘‘paṭisammodati pañcasikho gandhabbadevaputto bhagavatā, bhagavā ca pañcasikhenā’’ti. Atha kho sakko devānamindo pañcasikhaṃ gandhabbadevaputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘abhivādehi me tvaṃ, tāta pañcasikha, bhagavantaṃ – ‘sakko, bhante, devānamindo sāmacco saparijano bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’ti’’. ‘‘Evaṃ bhaddantavā’’ti kho pañcasikho gandhabbadevaputto sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādeti – ‘‘sakko, bhante, devānamindo sāmacco saparijano bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ sukhī hotu, pañcasikha, sakko devānamindo sāmacco saparijano; sukhakāmā hi devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā ye caññe santi puthukāyā’’ti.
351而如来通常就是这样,来回应这类有大威力的天神的问候。在被回应问候之后,天主帝释天就走进了因陀娑罗洞窟,他向世尊顶礼之后,便站在一旁。那些三十三天的天众也走进了因陀娑罗洞窟,向世尊顶礼之后,他们也站在了一旁。乾闼婆天子五髻也走进了因陀娑罗洞窟,向世尊顶礼之后,也站在了一旁。
Evañca pana tathāgatā evarūpe mahesakkhe yakkhe abhivadanti. Abhivadito sakko devānamindo bhagavato indasālaguhaṃ pavisitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Devāpi tāvatiṃsā indasālaguhaṃ pavisitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Pañcasikhopi gandhabbadevaputto indasālaguhaṃ pavisitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi.
47就在那个时候,因陀娑罗洞窟原本崎岖不平的地面,变得一片平坦;原本狭窄逼仄的空间,变得开阔宽敞;洞窟里的黑暗也消失了,由于天神的威神力,一片光明就此显现。
Tena kho pana samayena indasālaguhā visamā santī samā samapādi, sambādhā santī urundā samapādi, andhakāro guhāyaṃ antaradhāyi, āloko udapādi yathā taṃ devānaṃ devānubhāvena.
352那时,世尊对帝释天王说:「具寿果西亚,这真是稀有!具寿果西亚,这真是未曾有!如此多事务、多应作的您竟然来到这里。」「尊者,我长久以来就想来见世尊,但因天人三十三天的种种事务所缠,所以我无法来见世尊。尊者,有一次,世尊住在舍卫城的萨拉喇嘎拉咖。那时,尊者,我去舍卫城见世尊。然而,尊者,那时世尊正以某种定而坐,名叫布佳提的多闻天王大王的侍女正侍立世尊,合掌礼敬而站立。那时,尊者,我对布佳提说:『姊妹,请你为我礼敬世尊:「尊者,帝释天王与大臣、眷属以头礼敬世尊足。」』尊者,如是说时,那位布佳提对我说:『大人,现在不是见世尊的时候,世尊在独坐。』『那么,姊妹,当世尊从那个定出来时,请以我的名义礼敬世尊:「尊者,帝释天王与大臣、眷属以头礼敬世尊足。」』尊者,那位姊妹是否礼敬了世尊?世尊是否记得那位姊妹的话?」「天帝,那位姊妹确实礼敬了我,我记得那位姊妹的话。而且我是因为具寿的车轮声而从那个定出来的。」「尊者,那些比我们先前生到三十三天的天人,我从他们那里亲自听闻、亲自领受:『当如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世时,天众增盛,阿苏罗众减损。』尊者,这是我亲眼所见:自从如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世,天众增盛,阿苏罗众减损。」
Atha kho bhagavā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘acchariyamidaṃ āyasmato kosiyassa, abbhutamidaṃ āyasmato kosiyassa tāva bahukiccassa bahukaraṇīyassa yadidaṃ idhāgamana’’nti. ‘‘Cirapaṭikāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamitukāmo; api ca devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ kehici kehici kiccakaraṇīyehi byāvaṭo; evāhaṃ nāsakkhiṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ. Ekamidaṃ, bhante, samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati salaḷāgārake. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, sāvatthiṃ agamāsiṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Tena kho pana, bhante, samayena bhagavā aññatarena samādhinā nisinno hoti, bhūjati ca nāma vessavaṇassa mahārājassa paricārikā bhagavantaṃ paccupaṭṭhitā hoti, pañjalikā namassamānā tiṭṭhati. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhūjatiṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘abhivādehi me tvaṃ, bhagini, bhagavantaṃ – ‘‘sakko, bhante, devānamindo sāmacco saparijano bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, sā bhūjati maṃ etadavoca – ‘akālo kho, mārisa, bhagavantaṃ dassanāya; paṭisallīno bhagavā’ti. ‘Tena hī, bhagini, yadā bhagavā tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhito hoti, atha mama vacanena bhagavantaṃ abhivādehi – ‘‘sakko, bhante, devānamindo sāmacco saparijano bhagavato pāde sirasā vandatī’’ti. Kacci me sā, bhante, bhaginī bhagavantaṃ abhivādesi? Sarati bhagavā tassā bhaginiyā vacana’’nti? ‘‘Abhivādesi maṃ sā, devānaminda, bhaginī, sarāmahaṃ tassā bhaginiyā vacanaṃ. Api cāhaṃ āyasmato nemisaddena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhito’’ti. ‘‘Ye te, bhante, devā amhehi paṭhamataraṃ tāvatiṃsakāyaṃ upapannā, tesaṃ me sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ – ‘yadā tathāgatā loke uppajjanti arahanto sammāsambuddhā, dibbā kāyā paripūrenti, hāyanti asurakāyā’ti. Taṃ me idaṃ, bhante, sakkhidiṭṭhaṃ yato tathāgato loke uppanno arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, dibbā kāyā paripūrenti, hāyanti asurakāyāti.
49果巴咖事
Gopakavatthu
50果巴咖事
Gopakavatthu
353「尊者,就在这咖毕拉瓦图,有一位名叫果毕咖的释迦女,她对佛有信,对法有信,对僧团有信,在诸戒上圆满奉行。她舍离女性,修习男性,身坏命终后,往生善趣、天界,生到三十三天,成为我们的儿子。在那里,人们这样知道他:『果巴咖天子、果巴咖天子。』尊者,另外还有三位比丘在世尊座下修梵行后,生到低劣的乾闼婆天众。他们具足、具备五种欲功德,受用着,来到我们的侍奉处,来到我们的服侍处。当他们来到我们的侍奉处、服侍处时,果巴咖天子责备他们:『大人们,你们究竟是怎么听闻那位世尊的法的?我作为女人,对佛有信,对法有信,对僧团有信,在诸戒上圆满奉行,舍离女性,修习男性,身坏命终后,往生善趣、天界,生到三十三天,成为帝释天王的儿子。在这里,人们也这样知道我:「果巴咖天子、果巴咖天子。」而你们,大人们,在世尊座下修梵行后,却生到低劣的乾闼婆天众。我们真是见到了恶见,竟然见到同修法者生到低劣的乾闼婆天众。』尊者,被果巴咖天子责备后,两位天人当生即恢复正念,证得梵众天,但一位天人仍然耽著于欲。」
‘‘Idheva, bhante, kapilavatthusmiṃ gopikā nāma sakyadhītā ahosi buddhe pasannā dhamme pasannā saṅghe pasannā sīlesu paripūrakārinī. Sā itthittaṃ virājetvā purisattaṃ bhāvetvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā. Devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ amhākaṃ puttattaṃ ajjhupagatā. Tatrapi naṃ evaṃ jānanti – ‘gopako devaputto, gopako devaputto’ti. Aññepi, bhante, tayo bhikkhū bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā hīnaṃ gandhabbakāyaṃ upapannā. Te pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārayamānā amhākaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ āgacchanti amhākaṃ pāricariyaṃ. Te amhākaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ āgate amhākaṃ pāricariyaṃ gopako devaputto paṭicodesi – ‘kutomukhā nāma tumhe , mārisā, tassa bhagavato dhammaṃ assuttha – ahañhi nāma itthikā samānā buddhe pasannā dhamme pasannā saṅghe pasannā sīlesu paripūrakārinī itthittaṃ virājetvā purisattaṃ bhāvetvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā, devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ sakkassa devānamindassa puttattaṃ ajjhupagatā. Idhāpi maṃ evaṃ jānanti ‘‘gopako devaputto gopako devaputto’ti. Tumhe pana, mārisā, bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā hīnaṃ gandhabbakāyaṃ upapannā. Duddiṭṭharūpaṃ vata, bho, addasāma, ye mayaṃ addasāma sahadhammike hīnaṃ gandhabbakāyaṃ upapanne’ti. Tesaṃ, bhante, gopakena devaputtena paṭicoditānaṃ dve devā diṭṭheva dhamme satiṃ paṭilabhiṃsu kāyaṃ brahmapurohitaṃ, eko pana devo kāme ajjhāvasi.
354‘我曾是那位具眼者的女居士’,
‘‘‘Upāsikā cakkhumato ahosiṃ,
53我的名字叫“果毕咖”;
Nāmampi mayhaṃ ahu ‘gopikā’ti;
54对佛陀和法深具信心,
Buddhe ca dhamme ca abhippasannā,
55我以清净心侍奉僧团。
Saṅghañcupaṭṭhāsiṃ pasannacittā.
56「因为那位佛陀的善法,
‘‘‘Tasseva buddhassa sudhammatāya,
57我是帝释天之子,具大威力;
Sakkassa puttomhi mahānubhāvo;
58具大光辉,生于三十三天,
Mahājutīko tidivūpapanno,
59他们在此也知我为『果巴咖』。
Jānanti maṃ idhāpi ‘gopako’ti.
60「然后我见到诸比丘,以前曾见过的,
‘‘‘Athaddasaṃ bhikkhavo diṭṭhapubbe,
61已生于乾闼婆众中,住于自在;
Gandhabbakāyūpagate vasīne;
62这些乔达摩的弟子们,
Imehi te gotamasāvakāse,
63以及我们以前曾为人时的。」
Ye ca mayaṃ pubbe manussabhūtā.
64「我们以其他饮料供养,」
‘‘‘Annena pānena upaṭṭhahimhā,
65「在自己的住所接近足下;」
Pādūpasaṅgayha sake nivesane;
66「这些具寿从何处来,」
Kutomukhā nāma ime bhavanto,
67「领受了佛陀的诸法?」
Buddhassa dhammāni paṭiggahesuṃ .
68「法确实应当被各自了知,」
‘‘‘Paccattaṃ veditabbo hi dhammo,
69「被具眼者善说、觉悟;」
Sudesito cakkhumatānubuddho;
70「我确实就像你们一样寂静,」
Ahañhi tumheva upāsamāno,
71「听闻了诸圣者的善说。」
Sutvāna ariyāna subhāsitāni.
72『我是帝释天之子,具大威力,
‘‘‘Sakkassa puttomhi mahānubhāvo,
73大光辉者,生于三十三天;
Mahājutīko tidivūpapanno;
74然而你们亲近最胜者,
Tumhe pana seṭṭhamupāsamānā,
75行无上梵行。
Anuttaraṃ brahmacariyaṃ caritvā.
76『诸位生于卑劣之身,
‘‘‘Hīnaṃ kāyaṃ upapannā bhavanto,
77不相应的是诸位的投生;
Anānulomā bhavatūpapatti;
78我们确实见到难见之相,
Duddiṭṭharūpaṃ vata addasāma,
79与法同行者生于卑劣身。』
Sahadhammike hīnakāyūpapanne.
80「诸位已生为乾闼婆身者,
‘‘‘Gandhabbakāyūpagatā bhavanto,
81来到天人的服侍处。
Devānamāgacchatha pāricariyaṃ;
82我住在家时,
Agāre vasato mayhaṃ,
83请看这殊胜。
Imaṃ passa visesataṃ.
84「今日成为女人后,我是男天人,
‘‘‘Itthī hutvā svajja pumomhi devo,
85具足诸天欲;」
Dibbehi kāmehi samaṅgibhūto’;
86他们被乔达摩弟子所策励,
Te coditā gotamasāvakena,
87一起忆念护牛者后,生起悚惧。
Saṃvegamāpādu samecca gopakaṃ.
88『来吧!让我们努力、精进,
‘‘‘Handa viyāyāma byāyāma ,
89不要让我们成为他人的仆从!』
Mā no mayaṃ parapessā ahumhā’;
90他们两人开始精进,
Tesaṃ duve vīriyamārabhiṃsu,
91忆念乔达摩的教诫。
Anussaraṃ gotamasāsanāni.
92『就在此处净化诸心,
‘‘Idheva cittāni virājayitvā,
93他们看见诸欲的过患;
Kāmesu ādīnavamaddasaṃsu;
94那些欲的结缚、束缚,
Te kāmasaṃyojanabandhanāni,
95魔的轭、难以超越的。
Pāpimayogāni duraccayāni.
96「如象断缚索,
‘‘Nāgova sannāni guṇāni chetvā,
97他们超越了三十三天;
Deve tāvatiṃse atikkamiṃsu;
98有因陀罗的诸天与生主,
Saindā devā sapajāpatikā,
99全都坐在善法堂中。
Sabbe sudhammāya sabhāyupaviṭṭhā.
100「当他们坐着时,前来了
‘‘Tesaṃ nisinnānaṃ abhikkamiṃsu,
101诸勇者,离贪者,作无尘者;
Vīrā virāgā virajaṃ karontā;
102见到他们,瓦沙瓦生起悚惧,
Te disvā saṃvegamakāsi vāsavo,
103天中胜者在天众中间。
Devābhibhū devagaṇassa majjhe.
104「你们以这些劣身投生,
‘‘‘Imehi te hīnakāyūpapannā,
105前往三十三天诸天」;
Deve tāvatiṃse abhikkamanti’;
106听闻生起悚惧者之语,
Saṃvegajātassa vaco nisamma,
107那位牧牛者对瓦萨瓦说。
So gopako vāsavamajjhabhāsi.
108「人间世界有佛陀人中之主,
‘‘‘Buddho janindatthi manussaloke,
109被称为释迦牟尼,征服诸欲者;
Kāmābhibhū sakyamunīti ñāyati;
110你们是他的弟子,失去了正念,
Tasseva te puttā satiyā vihīnā,
111被我劝诫,你们获得了正念。」
Coditā mayā te satimajjhalatthuṃ.
112「他们三人中的一位已住于此,
‘‘‘Tiṇṇaṃ tesaṃ āvasinettha eko,
113已去往乾闼婆身,住于自在;
Gandhabbakāyūpagato vasīno;
114二人随行于正觉之道,
Dve ca sambodhipathānusārino,
115因心得定,甚至诸天也尊敬。
Devepi hīḷenti samāhitattā.
116「在此有如此的法之显示,
‘‘‘Etādisī dhammappakāsanettha,
117任何弟子对此都不会疑惑;
Na tattha kiṃkaṅkhati koci sāvako;
118已渡瀑流、已断疑惑,
Nitiṇṇaoghaṃ vicikicchachinnaṃ,
119我们礼敬佛陀、胜者、人中至尊」。
Buddhaṃ namassāma jinaṃ janindaṃ’.
120「你们在此以智慧,
‘‘Yaṃ te dhammaṃ idhaññāya,
121证得了那法的殊胜;
Visesaṃ ajjhagaṃsu te;
122身为梵天的祭司,
Kāyaṃ brahmapurohitaṃ,
123他们两人是殊胜的证得者。
Duve tesaṃ visesagū.
124「为了证得那法,
‘‘Tassa dhammassa pattiyā,
125我们来到了,尊者;
Āgatamhāsi mārisa;
126我们来到了,尊者;
Āgatamhāsi mārisa;
127世尊已给予机会,
Katāvakāsā bhagavatā,
128我们要问问题,尊者。」
Pañhaṃ pucchemu mārisā’’ti.
355那时,世尊这样想:「这位夜叉长久以来已清净,他将问我任何问题,都将只问与义相应的,不问与非义相应的。而我被问后所解答的,他将迅速了知。」
Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘dīgharattaṃ visuddho kho ayaṃ yakkho , yaṃ kiñci maṃ pañhaṃ pucchissati, sabbaṃ taṃ atthasañhitaṃyeva pucchissati, no anatthasañhitaṃ. Yañcassāhaṃ puṭṭho byākarissāmi, taṃ khippameva ājānissatī’’ti.
356接着,世尊用偈颂对天帝释说:
Atha kho bhagavā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
131「沙瓦沙,你问我问题吧,你心中想要的任何问题;
‘‘Puccha vāsava maṃ pañhaṃ, yaṃ kiñci manasicchasi;
132对于那每一个问题,我将为你作出终结。」
Tassa tasseva pañhassa, ahaṃ antaṃ karomi te’’ti.
133第一诵品完
Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.
357帝释天得到了世尊的允许,便向世尊提出了第一个问题:
Katāvakāso sakko devānamindo bhagavatā imaṃ bhagavantaṃ paṭhamaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
135「贤友,是什么结缚使得天人、人类、阿苏拉、龙、乾闼婆以及其他种种身类,他们虽然想『愿我们无怨、无杖、无敌、无恼害地住,成为无怨者』,然而他们却有怨、有杖、有敌、有恼害地住,成为有怨者?」如此,帝释天向世尊问了问题。世尊被问后解答:
‘‘Kiṃ saṃyojanā nu kho, mārisa, devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā ye caññe santi puthukāyā, te – ‘averā adaṇḍā asapattā abyāpajjā viharemu averino’ti iti ca nesaṃ hoti, atha ca pana saverā sadaṇḍā sasapattā sabyāpajjā viharanti saverino’’ti? Itthaṃ sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi. Tassa bhagavā pañhaṃ puṭṭho byākāsi –
136「天人之主,嫉妒与悭吝之结缚使得天人、人类、阿苏拉、龙、乾闼婆以及其他种种身类,他们虽然想『愿我们无怨、无杖、无敌、无恼害地住,成为无怨者』,然而他们却有怨、有杖、有敌、有恼害地住,成为有怨者。」如此,世尊解答了帝释天所问的问题。帝释天满意地欢喜、随喜世尊所说:「确实如此,世尊!确实如此,善逝!听闻世尊的问题解答后,我在此已度脱疑惑,离去疑问。」
‘‘Issāmacchariyasaṃyojanā kho, devānaminda, devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā ye caññe santi puthukāyā, te – ‘averā adaṇḍā asapattā abyāpajjā viharemu averino’ti iti ca nesaṃ hoti, atha ca pana saverā sadaṇḍā sasapattā sabyāpajjā viharanti saverino’’ti. Itthaṃ bhagavā sakkassa devānamindassa pañhaṃ puṭṭho byākāsi. Attamano sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi anumodi – ‘‘evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Tiṇṇā mettha kaṅkhā vigatā kathaṃkathā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṃ sutvā’’ti.
358帝释天王在对世尊的教说感到欢喜赞叹之后,又对世尊这样说道:
Itiha sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
138「尊者,然而嫉妒与悭吝以何为因、以何为集、以何为类、以何为源?在何存在时有嫉妒与悭吝?在何不存在时无嫉妒与悭吝?」「天帝,嫉妒与悭吝以可意不可意为因、以可意不可意为集、以可意不可意为类、以可意不可意为源;在可意不可意存在时有嫉妒与悭吝,在可意不可意不存在时无嫉妒与悭吝。」
‘‘Issāmacchariyaṃ pana, mārisa, kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ; kismiṃ sati issāmacchariyaṃ hoti; kismiṃ asati issāmacchariyaṃ na hotī’’ti? ‘‘Issāmacchariyaṃ kho, devānaminda, piyāppiyanidānaṃ piyāppiyasamudayaṃ piyāppiyajātikaṃ piyāppiyapabhavaṃ; piyāppiye sati issāmacchariyaṃ hoti, piyāppiye asati issāmacchariyaṃ na hotī’’ti.
139「尊者,然而可意不可意以何为因、以何为集、以何为类、以何为源?在何存在时有可意不可意?在何不存在时无可意不可意?」「天帝,可意不可意以欲为因、以欲为集、以欲为类、以欲为源;在欲存在时有可意不可意,在欲不存在时无可意不可意。」
‘‘Piyāppiyaṃ kho pana, mārisa, kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ; kismiṃ sati piyāppiyaṃ hoti; kismiṃ asati piyāppiyaṃ na hotī’’ti? ‘‘Piyāppiyaṃ kho, devānaminda, chandanidānaṃ chandasamudayaṃ chandajātikaṃ chandapabhavaṃ; chande sati piyāppiyaṃ hoti; chande asati piyāppiyaṃ na hotī’’ti.
140「尊者,然而欲以何为因、以何为集、以何为类、以何为源?在何存在时有欲?在何不存在时无欲?」「天帝,欲以寻为因、以寻为集、以寻为类、以寻为源;在寻存在时有欲,在寻不存在时无欲。」
‘‘Chando kho pana, mārisa, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo; kismiṃ sati chando hoti; kismiṃ asati chando na hotī’’ti? ‘‘Chando kho, devānaminda, vitakkanidāno vitakkasamudayo vitakkajātiko vitakkapabhavo; vitakke sati chando hoti; vitakke asati chando na hotī’’ti.
141“尊者啊,那么,寻思又以什么为因,以什么为集起,以什么为生,以什么为根源?在什么存在时,会有寻思?在什么不存在时,就不会有寻思呢?”“帝释天啊,寻思以戏论想行为因,以戏论想行为集起,以戏论想行为生,以戏论想行为根源。在戏论想行存在时,会有寻思;在戏论想行不存在时,就不会有寻思。”
‘‘Vitakko kho pana, mārisa, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo; kismiṃ sati vitakko hoti; kismiṃ asati vitakko na hotī’’ti? ‘‘Vitakko kho, devānaminda, papañcasaññāsaṅkhānidāno papañcasaññāsaṅkhāsamudayo papañcasaññāsaṅkhājātiko papañcasaññāsaṅkhāpabhavo; papañcasaññāsaṅkhāya sati vitakko hoti; papañcasaññāsaṅkhāya asati vitakko na hotī’’ti.
142“尊者啊,那么,一位比丘如何修行,才是走上了那导向戏论想行灭尽的恰当行道呢?”
‘‘Kathaṃ paṭipanno pana, mārisa, bhikkhu papañcasaññāsaṅkhānirodhasāruppagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hotī’’ti?
143受业处
Vedanākammaṭṭhānaṃ
144受业处
Vedanākammaṭṭhānaṃ
359帝释天,我说喜悦也分两种:有应当亲近的,也有不应当亲近的。帝释天,我说忧伤也分两种:有应当亲近的,也有不应当亲近的。帝释天,我说平静也分两种:有应当亲近的,也有不应当亲近的。
‘‘Somanassaṃpāhaṃ , devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Domanassaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Upekkhaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi.
360「天帝,我说喜有二种——应亲近的与不应亲近的,这样说是基于什么?若知某种喜:'我亲近此喜时,不善法增长,善法衰退',这样的喜不应亲近。若知某种喜:'我亲近此喜时,不善法衰退,善法增长',这样的喜应亲近。其中,有寻有伺的与无寻无伺的相比,无寻无伺的更为殊胜。天帝,我说喜有二种——应亲近的与不应亲近的,这样说正是缘于此。
‘‘Somanassaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi, asevitabbampīti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tattha yaṃ jaññā somanassaṃ ‘imaṃ kho me somanassaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ na sevitabbaṃ. Tattha yaṃ jaññā somanassaṃ ‘imaṃ kho me somanassaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ sevitabbaṃ. Tattha yaṃ ce savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ, yaṃ ce avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ, ye avitakke avicāre, te paṇītatare. Somanassaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi, asevitabbampīti. Iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
361「天帝,我说忧有二种——应亲近的与不应亲近的,如此所说,这是缘于什么而说?在那里,若知某种忧『我亲近此忧时,不善法增长,善法衰退』,这样的忧不应亲近。在那里,若知某种忧『我亲近此忧时,不善法衰退,善法增长』,这样的忧应亲近。在那里,若是有寻有伺的,若是无寻无伺的,那些无寻无伺的更为殊胜。天帝,我说忧有二种——应亲近的与不应亲近的,如此所说,这是缘于此而说。
‘‘Domanassaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi , asevitabbampīti. Iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tattha yaṃ jaññā domanassaṃ ‘imaṃ kho me domanassaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ na sevitabbaṃ. Tattha yaṃ jaññā domanassaṃ ‘imaṃ kho me domanassaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ sevitabbaṃ. Tattha yaṃ ce savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ, yaṃ ce avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ, ye avitakke avicāre, te paṇītatare. Domanassaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi, asevitabbampī’ti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
362「天人之主,我说舍有两种——应亲近的与不应亲近的。如此所说的这个,是缘于什么而说的呢?在那里,若知某种舍『当我亲近这种舍时,不善法增长,善法衰退』,这样的舍不应亲近。在那里,若知某种舍『当我亲近这种舍时,不善法衰退,善法增长』,这样的舍应亲近。在那里,无论是有寻有伺的,或是无寻无伺的,凡是无寻无伺的,那些更为殊胜。天人之主,我说舍有两种——应亲近的与不应亲近的。如此所说的这个,是缘于此而说的。」
‘‘Upekkhaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi, asevitabbampīti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tattha yaṃ jaññā upekkhaṃ ‘imaṃ kho me upekkhaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, evarūpā upekkhā na sevitabbā. Tattha yaṃ jaññā upekkhaṃ ‘imaṃ kho me upekkhaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evarūpā upekkhā sevitabbā. Tattha yaṃ ce savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ, yaṃ ce avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ, ye avitakke avicāre, te paṇītatare. Upekkhaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi, asevitabbampīti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
363帝释天,一位比丘这样去修行,就是在走一条导向灭除戏论想行的相应之道。世尊这样解答了帝释天所问的问题。帝释天心中欢喜,对世尊的教导感到满意,并随喜赞叹道:‘正是如此,世尊!正是如此,善逝!听了世尊对问题的解答,我在这里的疑惑已经度脱,犹豫已经消除了。’
‘‘Evaṃ paṭipanno kho, devānaminda, bhikkhu papañcasaññāsaṅkhānirodhasāruppagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hotī’’ti. Itthaṃ bhagavā sakkassa devānamindassa pañhaṃ puṭṭho byākāsi. Attamano sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi anumodi – ‘‘evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata, tiṇṇā mettha kaṅkhā vigatā kathaṃkathā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṃ sutvā’’ti.
150巴蒂摩卡律仪
Pātimokkhasaṃvaro
151巴帝摩卡律仪
Pātimokkhasaṃvaro
364如此,帝释天对世尊所说随喜、赞同后,进一步向世尊问道:
Itiha sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
153帝释天问:“尊者,一位比丘是怎样修行,才算是在为守护巴帝摩卡戒律而修行呢?”佛陀说:“天主,我说,身行有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的。天主,我说,语行有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的。天主,我说,寻求有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的。”
‘‘Kathaṃ paṭipanno pana, mārisa, bhikkhu pātimokkhasaṃvarāya paṭipanno hotī’’ti? ‘‘Kāyasamācāraṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Vacīsamācāraṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Pariyesanaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabba’’mpi.
154佛陀说:“天主,我说‘身行有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的’,这话是因什么而说的呢?在这里,如果知道某种身行:‘我亲近这种身行时,不善法增长,善法衰退’,这样的身行就不应该亲近。在这里,如果知道某种身行:‘我亲近这种身行时,不善法衰退,善法增长’,这样的身行就应该亲近。天主,我说‘身行有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的’,就是根据这个原因而说的。”
‘‘Kāyasamācāraṃpāhaṃ , devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi sevitabbampi asevitabbampīti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tattha yaṃ jaññā kāyasamācāraṃ ‘imaṃ kho me kāyasamācāraṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, evarūpo kāyasamācāro na sevitabbo. Tattha yaṃ jaññā kāyasamācāraṃ ‘imaṃ kho me kāyasamācāraṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evarūpo kāyasamācāro sevitabbo. Kāyasamācāraṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampīti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
155佛陀说:“天主,我说‘语行有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的’,这话是因什么而说的呢?在这里,如果知道某种语行:‘我亲近这种语行时,不善法增长,善法衰退’,这样的语行就不应该亲近。在这里,如果知道某种语行:‘我亲近这种语行时,不善法衰退,善法增长’,这样的语行就应该亲近。天主,我说‘语行有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的’,就是根据这个原因而说的。”
‘‘Vacīsamācāraṃpāhaṃ , devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampī’ti. Iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tattha yaṃ jaññā vacīsamācāraṃ ‘imaṃ kho me vacīsamācāraṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, evarūpo vacīsamācāro na sevitabbo. Tattha yaṃ jaññā vacīsamācāraṃ ‘imaṃ kho me vacīsamācāraṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evarūpo vacīsamācāro sevitabbo. Vacīsamācāraṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampīti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
156佛陀说:“天主,我说‘寻求有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的’,这话是因什么而说的呢?在这里,如果知道某种寻求:‘我亲近这种寻求时,不善法增长,善法衰退’,这样的寻求就不应该亲近。在这里,如果知道某种寻求:‘我亲近这种寻求时,不善法衰退,善法增长’,这样的寻求就应该亲近。天主,我说‘寻求有两种——有应该亲近的,也有不应该亲近的’,就是根据这个原因而说的。”
‘‘Pariyesanaṃpāhaṃ , devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampīti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Tattha yaṃ jaññā pariyesanaṃ ‘imaṃ kho me pariyesanaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, evarūpā pariyesanā na sevitabbā. Tattha yaṃ jaññā pariyesanaṃ ‘imaṃ kho me pariyesanaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evarūpā pariyesanā sevitabbā. Pariyesanaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampīti iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
157佛陀说:“天主,一位比丘这样修行,就是为守护巴帝摩卡戒律而修行了。”就这样,世尊解答了帝释天所问的问题。帝释天心中欢喜,对世尊的教导感到满意,随喜赞叹说:“世尊,是这样的!善逝,是这样的!听了世尊解答问题的这番话,我心中的疑惑已经度脱,犹豫已经消除了。”
‘‘Evaṃ paṭipanno kho, devānaminda, bhikkhu pātimokkhasaṃvarāya paṭipanno hotī’’ti. Itthaṃ bhagavā sakkassa devānamindassa pañhaṃ puṭṭho byākāsi. Attamano sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi anumodi – ‘‘evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Tiṇṇā mettha kaṅkhā vigatā kathaṃkathā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṃ sutvā’’ti.
158根律仪
Indriyasaṃvaro
159根律仪
Indriyasaṃvaro
365如此,帝释天欢喜、随喜世尊所说后,更进一步问世尊:
Itiha sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
161“尊者,那比丘要如何修行,才能做到守护根门呢?”“天帝释,对于眼所能认知的颜色,我把它分成两类来谈——有些是应当亲近的,有些是不应当亲近的。对于耳所能认知的声音,天帝释,我把它分成两类来谈——有些是应当亲近的,有些是不应当亲近的。对于鼻所能认知的气味,天帝释,我把它分成两类来谈——有些是应当亲近的,有些是不应当亲近的。对于舌所能认知的味道,天帝释,我把它分成两类来谈——有些是应当亲近的,有些是不应当亲近的。对于身体所能认知的触感,天帝释,我把它分成两类来谈——有些是应当亲近的,有些是不应当亲近的。对于意所能认知的法,天帝释,我把它分成两类来谈——有些是应当亲近的,有些是不应当亲近的。”
‘‘Kathaṃ paṭipanno pana, mārisa, bhikkhu indriyasaṃvarāya paṭipanno hotī’’ti? ‘‘Cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Sotaviññeyyaṃ saddaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Ghānaviññeyyaṃ gandhaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Jivhāviññeyyaṃ rasaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Kāyaviññeyyaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampi. Manoviññeyyaṃ dhammaṃpāhaṃ, devānaminda, duvidhena vadāmi – sevitabbampi, asevitabbampī’’ti.
162听了这话,天帝释便对世尊这样说:
Evaṃ vutte, sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
163“大德,世尊简略说过的这些话,我是这样详细理解其中含义的。大德,那种你去亲近它、不善法就增长、善法就衰退的眼所认知的颜色,这样的眼所认知的颜色就不应当亲近。而那种你去亲近它、不善法就衰退、善法就增长的眼所认知的颜色,这样的眼所认知的颜色就应当亲近。大德,那种你去亲近它、不善法就增长、善法就衰退的耳所认知的声音……乃至……鼻所认知的气味……舌所认知的味道……身体所认知的触感……意所认知的法,这样的意所认知的法就不应当亲近。而那种你去亲近它、不善法就衰退、善法就增长的意所认知的法,这样的意所认知的法就应当亲近。
‘‘Imassa kho ahaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā saṅkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Yathārūpaṃ, bhante, cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, evarūpaṃ cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpaṃ na sevitabbaṃ . Yathārūpañca kho, bhante, cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, evarūpaṃ cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpaṃ sevitabbaṃ. Yathārūpañca kho, bhante, sotaviññeyyaṃ saddaṃ sevato…pe… ghānaviññeyyaṃ gandhaṃ sevato… jivhāviññeyyaṃ rasaṃ sevato… kāyaviññeyyaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃ sevato… manoviññeyyaṃ dhammaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, evarūpo manoviññeyyo dhammo na sevitabbo. Yathārūpañca kho, bhante, manoviññeyyaṃ dhammaṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, evarūpo manoviññeyyo dhammo sevitabbo.
164大德,我这样详细理解了世尊简略说法的含义,听了世尊解答问题的开示,我在这件事上的疑惑已度越,犹豫已消除了。”
‘‘Imassa kho me, bhante, bhagavatā saṅkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānato tiṇṇā mettha kaṅkhā vigatā kathaṃkathā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṃ sutvā’’ti.
366如此,帝释天欢喜、随喜世尊所说后,更进一步问世尊:
Itiha sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi –
166“尊者,是不是所有的沙门、婆罗门,都持一味的主张、守一味的戒行、有一味的意向、做一味的执取呢?”“天帝释,并非所有的沙门、婆罗门,都持一味的主张、守一味的戒行、有一味的意向、做一味的执取。”
‘‘Sabbeva nu kho, mārisa, samaṇabrāhmaṇā ekantavādā ekantasīlā ekantachandā ekantaajjhosānā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, devānaminda, sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇā ekantavādā ekantasīlā ekantachandā ekantaajjhosānā’’ti.
167“尊者啊,那为什么不是所有的沙门和婆罗门,都持统一的教说、统一的戒行、统一的意愿、统一的执取呢?”“众神之王啊,这个世间本来就是由许许多多不同的元素、各不相同的性质所构成的。在这样一个元素纷杂、性质各异的世间,众生执取哪一种元素,就会以那种元素为坚固的立足点,牢牢抓住并宣称:‘只有这才是真理,其他的都是虚妄。’正因为如此,不是所有的沙门和婆罗门都持统一的教说、统一的戒行、统一的意愿、统一的执取。”
‘‘Kasmā pana, mārisa, na sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇā ekantavādā ekantasīlā ekantachandā ekantaajjhosānā’’ti? ‘‘Anekadhātu nānādhātu kho, devānaminda, loko. Tasmiṃ anekadhātunānādhātusmiṃ loke yaṃ yadeva sattā dhātuṃ abhinivisanti, taṃ tadeva thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharanti – ‘idameva saccaṃ moghamañña’nti. Tasmā na sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇā ekantavādā ekantasīlā ekantachandā ekantaajjhosānā’’ti.
168“尊者啊,那么,是不是所有的沙门和婆罗门都达到了究竟的终点、获得了究竟的安稳、成就了究竟的梵行、达到了究竟的圆满呢?”“众神之王啊,并不是所有的沙门和婆罗门都达到了究竟的终点、获得了究竟的安稳、成就了究竟的梵行、达到了究竟的圆满。”
‘‘Sabbeva nu kho, mārisa, samaṇabrāhmaṇā accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemī accantabrahmacārī accantapariyosānā’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, devānaminda, sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇā accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemī accantabrahmacārī accantapariyosānā’’ti.
169“尊者啊,那为什么不是所有的沙门和婆罗门都达到了究竟的终点、获得了究竟的安稳、成就了究竟的梵行、达到了究竟的圆满呢?”“众神之王啊,那些灭尽了贪爱而获得解脱的比丘,他们才达到了究竟的终点、获得了究竟的安稳、成就了究竟的梵行、达到了究竟的圆满。正因为如此,不是所有的沙门和婆罗门都达到了究竟的终点、获得了究竟的安稳、成就了究竟的梵行、达到了究竟的圆满。”
‘‘Kasmā pana, mārisa, na sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇā accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemī accantabrahmacārī accantapariyosānā’’ti? ‘‘Ye kho, devānaminda, bhikkhū taṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttā te accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemī accantabrahmacārī accantapariyosānā. Tasmā na sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇā accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemī accantabrahmacārī accantapariyosānā’’ti.
170就这样,世尊对帝释天王所提出的问题一一作了解答。帝释天王满心欢喜,对世尊的教说感到欣悦并赞叹说:“正是如此啊,世尊!正是如此啊,善逝!听闻了世尊对问题的解说,我在这里跨越了疑惑,消除了犹豫不定。”
Itthaṃ bhagavā sakkassa devānamindassa pañhaṃ puṭṭho byākāsi. Attamano sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi anumodi – ‘‘evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Tiṇṇā mettha kaṅkhā vigatā kathaṃkathā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṃ sutvā’’ti.
367如是,帝释天王欢喜、随喜世尊所说后,对世尊如此说——
Itiha sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
172「尊者,动摇是病,动摇是疮,动摇是刺,动摇拖拽此人至此或彼有的再生。因此,此人遭遇高低。尊者,那些问题,我在此外的其他沙门婆罗门处连提问的机会都得不到,它们已被世尊解答。而那长夜随眠的疑惑犹豫之刺,已被世尊拔除。」
‘‘Ejā, bhante, rogo, ejā gaṇḍo, ejā sallaṃ, ejā imaṃ purisaṃ parikaḍḍhati tassa tasseva bhavassa abhinibbattiyā. Tasmā ayaṃ puriso uccāvacamāpajjati . Yesāhaṃ, bhante, pañhānaṃ ito bahiddhā aññesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu okāsakammampi nālatthaṃ, te me bhagavatā byākatā. Dīgharattānusayitañca pana me vicikicchākathaṃkathāsallaṃ, tañca bhagavatā abbuḷha’’nti.
173“天帝,你还记得以前问过其他沙门、婆罗门这些问题吗?”“世尊,我记得以前问过其他沙门、婆罗门这些问题。”“天帝,他们是怎么回答的呢?如果你不嫌麻烦,请说说看。”“世尊,当世尊您本人、或者像您这样的觉者就在面前,我怎么会嫌麻烦呢。”“那么,天帝,就请说吧。”“世尊,我当初认为那些住在山林、僻静处的沙门婆罗门是真正的修行者,就去拜访他们,问这些问题。结果,他们被我问住了,答不上来,反过来问我:‘尊者您的名字是什么?’我回答他们说:‘贤者,我是天帝,三十三天的王。’他们又反过来问我:‘尊者天帝啊,您是做了什么业,才得到这个地位的呢?’于是,我就根据我所听过、所掌握的法,为他们开示。他们仅仅因为这点,就心满意足了,说:‘我们亲眼见到天帝了,而且我们问他的,他也回答我们了。’结果,他们反而都成了我的弟子,我却不是他们的弟子。然而,世尊,我现在是世尊您的弟子,是一位入流者,注定不堕恶道,必定究竟觉悟。”
‘‘Abhijānāsi no tvaṃ, devānaminda, ime pañhe aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchitā’’ti? ‘‘Abhijānāmahaṃ, bhante, ime pañhe aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇe pucchitā’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana te, devānaminda, byākaṃsu? Sace te agaru bhāsassū’’ti. ‘‘Na kho me, bhante, garu yatthassa bhagavā nisinno bhagavantarūpo vā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, devānaminda, bhāsassū’’ti. ‘‘Yesvāhaṃ , bhante , maññāmi samaṇabrāhmaṇā āraññikā pantasenāsanāti, tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ime pañhe pucchāmi, te mayā puṭṭhā na sampāyanti, asampāyantā mamaṃyeva paṭipucchanti – ‘ko nāmo āyasmā’ti? Tesāhaṃ puṭṭho byākaromi – ‘ahaṃ kho, mārisa, sakko devānamindo’ti. Te mamaṃyeva uttari paṭipucchanti – ‘kiṃ panāyasmā, devānaminda , kammaṃ katvā imaṃ ṭhānaṃ patto’ti? Tesāhaṃ yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Te tāvatakeneva attamanā honti – ‘sakko ca no devānamindo diṭṭho, yañca no apucchimhā, tañca no byākāsī’ti. Te aññadatthu mamaṃyeva sāvakā sampajjanti, na cāhaṃ tesaṃ. Ahaṃ kho pana, bhante, bhagavato sāvako sotāpanno avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo’’ti .
174获得喜悦论
Somanassapaṭilābhakathā
368“天帝,你记得以前曾经得到过这样的感受、这样的喜悦吗?”“世尊,我记得以前曾经得到过这样的感受、这样的喜悦。”“天帝,你说的那种以前曾经得到的感受和喜悦,是怎样的呢?”
‘‘Abhijānāsi no tvaṃ, devānaminda, ito pubbe evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābha’’nti? ‘‘Abhijānāmahaṃ , bhante, ito pubbe evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābha’’nti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, devānaminda, abhijānāsi ito pubbe evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābha’’nti?
176“世尊,很久以前,天神和阿修罗之间爆发了一场大战。在那场战斗中,世尊,天神胜利了,阿修罗失败了。我作为获胜的一方,赢得了那场战争后,心里就生起一个念头:‘从今以后,天界的食物和阿修罗的食物,这两种美味都归天神享用了。’但是,世尊,我当时所获得的那种感受、那种喜悦,是伴随着刀杖的领域,是伴随着武器的领域的。那种喜悦不导向厌离、不导向离欲、不导向灭尽、不导向寂静、不导向胜知、不导向正觉、不导向涅槃。而我今天,世尊,听闻了世尊的法之后所得的这种感受、这种喜悦,它不伴随刀杖的领域,不伴随武器的领域,它完完全全地导向厌离、导向离欲、导向灭尽、导向寂静、导向胜知、导向正觉、导向涅槃。”
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhante, devāsurasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. Tasmiṃ kho pana, bhante, saṅgāme devā jiniṃsu, asurā parājayiṃsu . Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, taṃ saṅgāmaṃ abhivijinitvā vijitasaṅgāmassa etadahosi – ‘yā ceva dāni dibbā ojā yā ca asurā ojā, ubhayametaṃ devā paribhuñjissantī’ti. So kho pana me, bhante, vedapaṭilābho somanassapaṭilābho sadaṇḍāvacaro sasatthāvacaro na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Yo kho pana me ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā vedapaṭilābho somanassapaṭilābho, so adaṇḍāvacaro asatthāvacaro ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattatī’’ti.
369“那么,天帝,你是看到了什么利益,才说出这番关于这种感受、这种喜悦的体验呢?”“世尊,我是看到了六种利益,才说出这番关于这种感受、这种喜悦的体验。”
‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, devānaminda, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedesī’’ti? ‘‘Cha kho ahaṃ, bhante, atthavase sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedemi.
178「就在此处住立,我作为天人而具念;
‘‘Idheva tiṭṭhamānassa, devabhūtassa me sato;
179我又获得了寿命,尊者,你应当如此了知。
Punarāyu ca me laddho, evaṃ jānāhi mārisa.
180“世尊,这是我所看到的第一种利益,因此才说出这番关于这种感受、这种喜悦的体验。”
‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, paṭhamaṃ atthavasaṃ sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedemi.
181「我从天身死没,舍弃非人的寿命;
‘‘Cutāhaṃ diviyā kāyā, āyuṃ hitvā amānusaṃ;
182我将不迷乱地入胎,在我的心喜乐之处。
Amūḷho gabbhamessāmi, yattha me ramatī mano.
183“世尊,这是我所看到的第二种利益,因此才说出这番关于这种感受、这种喜悦的体验。”
‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, dutiyaṃ atthavasaṃ sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedemi.
184「我将住于不迷乱慧者的教诫中,乐于修习;
‘‘Svāhaṃ amūḷhapaññassa , viharaṃ sāsane rato;
185我将如法而住,具正知、具忆念。
Ñāyena viharissāmi, sampajāno paṭissato.
186世尊,我看见这第三个理由,才说出这样的感受和喜悦的获得。
‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, tatiyaṃ atthavasaṃ sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedemi.
187若我如法行,将有正觉;
‘‘Ñāyena me carato ca, sambodhi ce bhavissati;
188我将住于已知,苦的终结将会有。
Aññātā viharissāmi, sveva anto bhavissati.
189世尊,我看见这第四个理由,才说出这样的感受和喜悦的获得。
‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, catutthaṃ atthavasaṃ sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedemi.
190我从人身死没,舍弃人寿后;
‘‘Cutāhaṃ mānusā kāyā, āyuṃ hitvāna mānusaṃ;
191我将再成为天人,在天界中最胜。
Puna devo bhavissāmi, devalokamhi uttamo.
192世尊,我看见这第五个理由,才说出这样的感受和喜悦的获得。
‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, pañcamaṃ atthavasaṃ sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedemi.
193「那些更殊胜的天人,无热天,有名声者;
‘‘Te paṇītatarā devā, akaniṭṭhā yasassino;
194在最后的轮回中,那将是住处。
Antime vattamānamhi, so nivāso bhavissati.
195世尊,我看见这第六个理由,才说出这样的感受和喜悦的获得。
‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, chaṭṭhaṃ atthavasaṃ sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedemi.
196世尊,我看见这六个理由,才说出这样的感受和喜悦的获得。
‘‘Ime kho ahaṃ, bhante, cha atthavase sampassamāno evarūpaṃ vedapaṭilābhaṃ somanassapaṭilābhaṃ pavedemi.
370意向尚未圆成者,会有疑惑而犹豫不定。
‘‘Apariyositasaṅkappo , vicikiccho kathaṃkathī.
198我长久地游行,寻求如来。
Vicariṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, anvesanto tathāgataṃ.
199「凡我认为是沙门,住于远离者;
‘‘Yassu maññāmi samaṇe, pavivittavihārino;
200认为『已正觉』,我前往亲近他们。
Sambuddhā iti maññāno, gacchāmi te upāsituṃ.
201「如何是成就,如何是失败?」
‘‘‘Kathaṃ ārādhanā hoti, kathaṃ hoti virādhanā’;
202如此被问时,他们不能回答,关于道与道迹。
Iti puṭṭhā na sampāyanti , magge paṭipadāsu ca.
203「当他们知道我是帝释天——诸天之主时,
‘‘Tyassu yadā maṃ jānanti, sakko devānamāgato;
204他们就来问我:『做了什么而得到这个?』
Tyassu mameva pucchanti, ‘kiṃ katvā pāpuṇī idaṃ’.
205「我为那些人说法,如我所闻之法;
‘‘Tesaṃ yathāsutaṃ dhammaṃ, desayāmi jane sutaṃ ;
206他们因此而满意:『我们见到了瓦沙瓦(萨咖)。』
Tena attamanā honti, ‘diṭṭho no vāsavoti ca’.
207「当我见到佛陀,疑惑的超越者时,
‘‘Yadā ca buddhamaddakkhiṃ, vicikicchāvitāraṇaṃ;
208今日我已无畏惧,亲近了正自觉者。」
Somhi vītabhayo ajja, sambuddhaṃ payirupāsiya .
209「渴爱之箭的破坏者,无与伦比的佛陀;
‘‘Taṇhāsallassa hantāraṃ, buddhaṃ appaṭipuggalaṃ;
210我礼敬大雄,太阳族亲的佛陀。
Ahaṃ vande mahāvīraṃ, buddhamādiccabandhunaṃ.
211「尊者啊,你为梵天所做的,与诸天相等;
‘‘Yaṃ karomasi brahmuno, samaṃ devehi mārisa;
212今天我们为你做那个,来吧,我们亲自为你做。
Tadajja tuyhaṃ kassāma , handa sāmaṃ karoma te.
213「你确实是正自觉者,你是无上的导师;
‘‘Tvameva asi sambuddho, tuvaṃ satthā anuttaro;
214在包括天人的世间,没有与你相等者。」
Sadevakasmiṃ lokasmiṃ, natthi te paṭipuggalo’’ti.
371那时,帝释天对乾闼婆之子五髻说:「亲爱的五髻,你对我有很大的帮助,因为你首先使世尊欢喜。亲爱的,由于你首先使他欢喜,之后我们才前往见那位世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。我将使你住于父亲的位置,你将成为乾闼婆王,并且我给你跋陀日天子瓦恰,因为她是你所渴望的。」
Atha kho sakko devānamindo pañcasikhaṃ gandhabbaputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘bahūpakāro kho mesi tvaṃ, tāta pañcasikha, yaṃ tvaṃ bhagavantaṃ paṭhamaṃ pasādesi. Tayā, tāta, paṭhamaṃ pasāditaṃ pacchā mayaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamimhā arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ. Pettike vā ṭhāne ṭhapayissāmi , gandhabbarājā bhavissasi, bhaddañca te sūriyavacchasaṃ dammi, sā hi te abhipatthitā’’ti.
216接着,帝释天用手轻触大地,三次发出赞叹的感兴语:“礼敬那位世尊、阿拉汉、正等正觉者!”
Atha kho sakko devānamindo pāṇinā pathaviṃ parāmasitvā tikkhattuṃ udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti.
217当这个解答被宣说时,帝释天生起了远尘离垢的法眼——「凡任何集法,一切皆是灭法」。以及其他八万天人众,如此,那些被帝释天所请求、所询问的,被世尊所解答。因此,这个解答的名称就是「帝释之问」。
Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne sakkassa devānamindassa virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti. Aññesañca asītiyā devatāsahassānaṃ , iti ye sakkena devānamindena ajjhiṭṭhapañhā puṭṭhā , te bhagavatā byākatā. Tasmā imassa veyyākaraṇassa sakkapañhātveva adhivacananti.
218帝释问经完,第八
Sakkapañhasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.