AN 83 · 1. 证智经
1(26) 6. 证智品
(26) 6. Abhiññāvaggo
21. 证智经
1. Abhiññāsuttaṃ
254「诸比丘，有这四种法。哪四种呢？诸比丘，有应以证智遍知的法；诸比丘，有应以证智断除的法；诸比丘，有应以证智修习的法；诸比丘，有应以证智作证的法。
‘‘Cattārome , bhikkhave, dhammā. Katame cattāro? Atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā; atthi, bhikkhave , dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā; atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā; atthi, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā.
4「诸比丘，什么是应以证智遍知的法呢？五取蕴——诸比丘，这些被称为应以证智遍知的法。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā? Pañcupādānakkhandhā – ime vuccanti, bhikkhave , dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā.
5「诸比丘，什么是应以证智断除的法呢？无明与有渴爱——诸比丘，这些被称为应以证智断除的法。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā? Avijjā ca bhavataṇhā ca – ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā.
6「诸比丘，什么是应以证智修习的法呢？止与观——诸比丘，这些被称为应以证智修习的法。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā? Samatho ca vipassanā ca – ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā.
7「诸比丘，什么是应以证智作证的法呢？明与解脱——诸比丘，这些被称为应以证智作证的法。诸比丘，这些是四种法。」第一经。
‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā? Vijjā ca vimutti ca – ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro dhammā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
82. 寻求经
2. Pariyesanāsuttaṃ
255「诸比丘，有这四种非圣的寻求。哪四种呢？诸比丘，这里，某人自己有老法，却寻求老法；自己有病法，却寻求病法；自己有死法，却寻求死法；自己有杂染法，却寻求杂染法。诸比丘，这些是四种非圣的寻求。
‘‘Catasso imā, bhikkhave, anariyapariyesanā. Katamā catasso? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco attanā jarādhammo samāno jarādhammaṃyeva pariyesati; attanā byādhidhammo samāno byādhidhammaṃyeva pariyesati; attanā maraṇadhammo samāno maraṇadhammaṃyeva pariyesati; attanā saṃkilesadhammo samāno saṃkilesadhammaṃyeva pariyesati. Imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso anariyapariyesanā.
10「诸比丘，有这四种圣的寻求。哪四种呢？诸比丘，这里，某人自己有老法，了知老法的过患后，寻求无老、无上、离轭安稳的涅槃；自己有病法，了知病法的过患后，寻求无病、无上、离轭安稳的涅槃；自己有死法，了知死法的过患后，寻求不死、无上、离轭安稳的涅槃；自己有杂染法，了知杂染法的过患后，寻求无染、无上、离轭安稳的涅槃。诸比丘，这些是四种圣的寻求。」第二经。
‘‘Catasso imā, bhikkhave, ariyapariyesanā. Katamā catasso? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco attanā jarādhammo samāno jarādhamme ādīnavaṃ viditvā ajaraṃ anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ nibbānaṃ pariyesati; attanā byādhidhammo samāno byādhidhamme ādīnavaṃ viditvā abyādhiṃ anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ nibbānaṃ pariyesati; attanā maraṇadhammo samāno maraṇadhamme ādīnavaṃ viditvā amataṃ anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ nibbānaṃ pariyesati; attanā saṃkilesadhammo samāno saṃkilesadhamme ādīnavaṃ viditvā asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ nibbānaṃ pariyesati. Imā kho, bhikkhave , catasso ariyapariyesanā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
113. 摄事经
3. Saṅgahavatthusuttaṃ
256「诸比丘，有这四种摄事。哪四种呢？布施、爱语、利行、同事——诸比丘，这些是四种摄事。」
‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, saṅgahavatthūni. Katamāni cattāri? Dānaṃ, peyyavajjaṃ , atthacariyā, samānattatā – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri saṅgahavatthūnī’’ti.
134. 摩罗迦子经
4. Mālukyaputtasuttaṃ
257那时，具寿摩罗迦子前往世尊所在之处；抵达后，礼敬世尊，坐于一旁。坐于一旁的具寿摩罗迦子对世尊如此说——
Atha kho āyasmā mālukyaputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mālukyaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
15「尊者，请世尊为我简要地说法，我听闻世尊之法后，当独自远离、不放逸、热诚、自励而住。」「摩罗迦子，现在对年轻的诸比丘我们该说什么呢？当你这样年老、衰朽、年迈之人还向如来乞求简要的教诫！」「尊者，请世尊为我简要地说法；请善逝为我简要地说法。或许我能了知世尊所说之义；或许我能成为世尊所说之继承者。」
‘‘Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Ettha idāni, mālukyaputta, kiṃ dahare bhikkhū vakkhāma; yatra hi nāma tvaṃ jiṇṇo vuddho mahallako tathāgatassa saṃkhittena ovādaṃ yācasī’’ti! ‘‘Desetu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ; desetu sugato saṃkhittena dhammaṃ. Appeva nāmāhaṃ bhagavato bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājāneyyaṃ; appeva nāmāhaṃ bhagavato bhāsitassa dāyādo assa’’nti.
16「摩罗迦子，有这四种渴爱的生起处，比丘的渴爱在那里生起时生起。哪四种？摩罗迦子，比丘的渴爱因衣而生起时生起。摩罗迦子，比丘的渴爱因食物而生起时生起。摩罗迦子，比丘的渴爱因住所而生起时生起。摩罗迦子，比丘的渴爱因如此有或无有而生起时生起。摩罗迦子，这些是四种渴爱的生起处，比丘的渴爱在那里生起时生起。摩罗迦子，当比丘的渴爱已被舍断、根已被切断、如多罗树头被斩、成为不存在、未来不再生起时，摩罗迦子，这被称为『比丘已切断渴爱、已解开结缚、以正确地现观慢而作苦之终结』。」
‘‘Cattārome , mālukyaputta, taṇhuppādā yattha bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati. Katame cattāro? Cīvarahetu vā, mālukyaputta, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati. Piṇḍapātahetu vā, mālukyaputta, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati. Senāsanahetu vā, mālukyaputta, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati. Itibhavābhavahetu vā, mālukyaputta, bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati. Ime kho, mālukyaputta, cattāro taṇhuppādā yattha bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati. Yato kho, mālukyaputta , bhikkhuno taṇhā pahīnā hoti ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā, ayaṃ vuccati, mālukyaputta, ‘bhikkhu acchecchi taṇhaṃ, vivattayi saṃyojanaṃ, sammā mānābhisamayā antamakāsi dukkhassā’’’ti.
17那时，具寿摩罗迦子被世尊以此教诫教诫后，从座起立，礼敬世尊，作右绕后离去。那时，具寿摩罗迦子独自远离、不放逸、热诚、自励而住，不久——为了此义，善男子们正确地从在家出家成为非家——那无上的梵行终极，在现法中以自己的证智作证、具足后而住。他证知：「生已尽，梵行已立，应作已作，不受后有。」具寿摩罗迦子成为阿拉汉之一。第四经。
Atha kho āyasmā mālukyaputto bhagavatā iminā ovādena ovadito uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho āyasmā mālukyaputto eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā mālukyaputto arahataṃ ahosīti. Catutthaṃ.
185. 家经
5. Kulasuttaṃ
258「诸比丘，凡任何在财富上达到伟大的诸家族不能长久住立，一切那些都因四种原因，或其中之一。哪四种？不寻找失去的，不修理破旧的，饮食无节制，立无戒的女人或男人为首领。诸比丘，凡任何在财富上达到伟大的诸家族不能长久住立，一切那些都因这四种原因，或其中之一。
‘‘Yāni kānici, bhikkhave, kulāni bhogesu mahattaṃ pattāni na ciraṭṭhitikāni bhavanti, sabbāni tāni catūhi ṭhānehi, etesaṃ vā aññatarena. Katamehi catūhi? Naṭṭhaṃ na gavesanti, jiṇṇaṃ na paṭisaṅkharonti, aparimitapānabhojanā honti, dussīlaṃ itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā ādhipacce ṭhapenti. Yāni kānici, bhikkhave, kulāni bhogesu mahattaṃ pattāni na ciraṭṭhitikāni bhavanti, sabbāni tāni imehi catūhi ṭhānehi , etesaṃ vā aññatarena.
20「诸比丘，凡任何在财富上达到伟大的诸家族能长久住立，一切那些都因四种原因，或其中之一。哪四种？寻找失去的，修理破旧的，饮食有节制，立有戒的女人或男人为首领。诸比丘，凡任何在财富上达到伟大的诸家族能长久住立，一切那些都因这四种原因，或其中之一。」第五经。
‘‘Yāni kānici, bhikkhave, kulāni bhogesu mahattaṃ pattāni ciraṭṭhitikāni bhavanti, sabbāni tāni catūhi ṭhānehi, etesaṃ vā aññatarena. Katamehi catūhi? Naṭṭhaṃ gavesanti, jiṇṇaṃ paṭisaṅkharonti, parimitapānabhojanā honti, sīlavantaṃ itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā ādhipacce ṭhapenti. Yāni kānici, bhikkhave, kulāni bhogesu mahattaṃ pattāni ciraṭṭhitikāni bhavanti, sabbāni tāni imehi catūhi ṭhānehi, etesaṃ vā aññatarenā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
216. 第一良马经
6. Paṭhamaājānīyasuttaṃ
259「诸比丘，具足四支的国王的良马、纯种马堪为国王，适合国王受用，被计算为国王的部分。哪四种？诸比丘，在此，国王的良马、纯种马具足色、具足力、具足速、具足广大的承载量。诸比丘，具足这四支的国王的良马、纯种马堪为国王，适合国王受用，被计算为国王的部分。
‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato rañño bhadro assājānīyo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, rañño bhadro assājānīyo vaṇṇasampanno ca hoti balasampanno ca javasampanno ca ārohapariṇāhasampanno ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi aṅgehi samannāgato rañño bhadro assājānīyo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati.
23「诸比丘，同样地，具足四法的比丘应受供养……乃至……是世间的无上福田。哪四种？诸比丘，在此，比丘具足色、具足力、具足速、具足广大的承载量。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇṇasampanno ca hoti balasampanno ca javasampanno ca ārohapariṇāhasampanno ca.
24「诸比丘，比丘如何具足色？诸比丘，于此，比丘具戒……乃至……受持学习于诸学处。诸比丘，比丘如此具足色。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇṇasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇṇasampanno hoti.
25「诸比丘，比丘如何具足力？诸比丘，于此，比丘住于精进，为断诸不善法，为具足诸善法，努力、坚固精勤，于诸善法不舍其轭。诸比丘，比丘如此具足力。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu balasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu balasampanno hoti.
26「诸比丘，比丘如何具足速？诸比丘，于此，比丘如实了知『此是苦』……乃至……如实了知『此是导至苦灭之道』。诸比丘，比丘如此具足速。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu javasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu javasampanno hoti.
27「诸比丘，比丘如何具足负载？诸比丘，于此，比丘是衣、食、坐卧处、病者所需医药资具的获得者。诸比丘，比丘如此具足负载。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ārohapariṇāhasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lābhī hoti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ārohapariṇāhasampanno hoti .
28「诸比丘，具足此四法的比丘应受供养……乃至……是世间的无上福田。」第六经。
‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
297. 第二良马经
7. Dutiyaājānīyasuttaṃ
260「诸比丘，具足四支的国王的良马、纯种马，堪为王用，为王所受用，被算为王的部属。哪四种？诸比丘，于此，国王的良马、纯种马具足色、具足力、具足速、具足负载。诸比丘，具足此四支的国王的良马、纯种马，堪为王用，为王所受用，被算为王的部属。
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato rañño bhadro assājānīyo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, rañño bhadro assājānīyo vaṇṇasampanno ca hoti, balasampanno ca, javasampanno ca, ārohapariṇāhasampanno ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi aṅgehi samannāgato rañño bhadro assājānīyo rājāraho hoti rājabhoggo, rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati.
31「诸比丘，如是，具足四法的比丘应受供养……乃至……是世间的无上福田。哪四种？诸比丘，于此，比丘具足色、具足力、具足速、具足身量均称。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇṇasampanno ca hoti, balasampanno ca, javasampanno ca, ārohapariṇāhasampanno ca.
32「诸比丘，比丘如何具足色？诸比丘，于此，比丘具戒……乃至……受持学习于诸学处。诸比丘，比丘如此具足色。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇṇasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇṇasampanno hoti.
33「诸比丘，比丘如何具足力？诸比丘，于此，比丘为了断除诸不善法、为了具足诸善法而住于精进，有力、坚固精勤，于诸善法不舍其轭。诸比丘，比丘如此具足力。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu balasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu balasampanno hoti.
34「诸比丘，比丘如何具足速？诸比丘，于此，比丘以诸漏尽……(中略)……现证后具足而住。诸比丘，比丘如此具足速。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu javasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu javasampanno hoti.
35「诸比丘，比丘如何具足身量？诸比丘，于此，比丘是衣、食、坐卧处、病者所需医药资具的获得者。诸比丘，比丘如此具足身量。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ārohapariṇāhasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lābhī hoti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave , bhikkhu ārohapariṇāhasampanno hoti.
36「诸比丘，具足此四法的比丘是应供……(中略)……世间的无上福田。」第七经。
‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
378. 力经
8. Balasuttaṃ
261「诸比丘，有此四力。哪四种？精进力、念力、定力、慧力——诸比丘，此为四力。」第八经。
‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, balāni. Katamāni cattāri? Vīriyabalaṃ, satibalaṃ, samādhibalaṃ, paññābalaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri balānī’’ti . Aṭṭhamaṃ.
399. 林野经
9. Araññasuttaṃ
262「诸比丘，具足四法的比丘不适合亲近阿兰若、林野、边地的住所。哪四种？欲寻、嗔恚寻、害寻，劣慧、愚钝、哑羊——诸比丘，具足此四法的比丘不适合亲近阿兰若、林野、边地的住所。
‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nālaṃ araññavanappatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevituṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Kāmavitakkena, byāpādavitakkena, vihiṃsāvitakkena, duppañño hoti jaḷo elamūgo – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu nālaṃ araññavanappatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevituṃ.
41「诸比丘，具足四法的比丘适合亲近阿兰若、林野、边地的住所。哪四种？出离寻、无嗔恚寻、无害寻，有慧、不愚钝、非哑羊——诸比丘，具足此四法的比丘适合亲近阿兰若、林野、边地的住所。」第九经。
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ araññavanappatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevituṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Nekkhammavitakkena, abyāpādavitakkena, avihiṃsāvitakkena , paññavā hoti ajaḷo anelamūgo – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ araññavanappatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevitu’’nti. Navamaṃ.
4210. 业经
10. Kammasuttaṃ
263「诸比丘，具足四法的愚者、无能者、非善士持受已毁坏的自己，是有罪的、有过失的智者所呵责的，且生起许多非福。哪四种？有罪的身业、有罪的语业、有罪的意业、有罪的见——诸比丘，具足此四法的愚者、无能者、非善士持受已毁坏的自己，是有罪的、有过失的智者所呵责的，且生起许多非福。
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati. Katamehi catūhi? Sāvajjena kāyakammena, sāvajjena vacīkammena, sāvajjena manokammena, sāvajjāya diṭṭhiyā – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṃ upahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo viññūnaṃ, bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavati.
44「诸比丘！具足四法者，贤智者、明慧者、善人保护自己无伤害、无损害，且无过失、不受智者呵责，并产生许多福德。哪四种？以无过失的身业、以无过失的语业、以无过失的意业、以无过失的见——诸比丘！具足这四法者，贤智者、明慧者、善人保护自己无伤害、无损害，且无过失、不受智者呵责，并产生许多福德。」第十经。
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṃ anupahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo viññūnaṃ, bahuñca puññaṃ pasavati. Katamehi catūhi? Anavajjena kāyakammena, anavajjena vacīkammena, anavajjena manokammena, anavajjāya diṭṭhiyā – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṃ anupahataṃ attānaṃ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo viññūnaṃ, bahuñca puññaṃ pasavatī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
45证智品第六
Abhiññāvaggo chaṭṭho.
46其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
47证智、寻求，摄受、摩罗迦子；
Abhiññā pariyesanā, saṅgahaṃ mālukyaputto;
48家族、二良马，力、林野业。
Kulaṃ dve ca ājānīyā, balaṃ araññakammunāti.