AN 24 · 4. 平等心品
14. 平等心品
4. Samacittavaggo
33「诸比丘，我将为你们讲说非善士地与善士地。你们要听！你们要善作意！我要说了。」「是的，尊者。」那些比丘回答世尊。世尊说此：
‘‘Asappurisabhūmiñca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi sappurisabhūmiñca. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha. Bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
3「诸比丘，什么是非善士地？诸比丘，非善士是不知恩者、不知报者。诸比丘，这被非善人们所了知，即：不知恩、不知报。诸比丘，这完全是非善士地，即：不知恩、不知报。诸比丘，而善士是知恩者、知报者。诸比丘，这被善人们所了知，即：知恩、知报。诸比丘，这完全是善士地，即：知恩、知报。」
‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, asappurisabhūmi? Asappuriso, bhikkhave, akataññū hoti akatavedī. Asabbhi hetaṃ, bhikkhave, upaññātaṃ yadidaṃ akataññutā akataveditā. Kevalā esā, bhikkhave, asappurisabhūmi yadidaṃ akataññutā akataveditā. Sappuriso ca kho, bhikkhave, kataññū hoti katavedī. Sabbhi hetaṃ, bhikkhave, upaññātaṃ yadidaṃ kataññutā kataveditā. Kevalā esā, bhikkhave, sappurisabhūmi yadidaṃ kataññutā kataveditā’’ti.
34「诸比丘，我说对两者无法报答。哪两者？母亲与父亲。诸比丘，即使以一肩担母亲，以一肩担父亲，寿命百岁、活百年，并且以涂油、按摩、沐浴、揉擦来照顾他们，而他们就在那里大小便，诸比丘，即使如此，对父母也未作已作、未报已报。诸比丘，即使在这大地上，使父母成为拥有丰富珠宝财富的统治者、君主、王国的主人，诸比丘，即使如此，对父母也未作已作、未报已报。那是什么原因？诸比丘，父母对子女有大恩，是养育者、抚养者、是此世间的指示者。诸比丘，若使无信的父母安立、确立、建立于信具足，使无戒的父母安立、确立、建立于戒具足，使悭吝的父母安立、确立、建立于施舍具足，使劣慧的父母安立、确立、建立于慧具足，诸比丘，到此程度，对父母才是已作与已报。」
‘‘Dvinnāhaṃ, bhikkhave, na suppatikāraṃ vadāmi. Katamesaṃ dvinnaṃ? Mātu ca pitu ca. Ekena, bhikkhave, aṃsena mātaraṃ parihareyya , ekena aṃsena pitaraṃ parihareyya vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī so ca nesaṃ ucchādanaparimaddananhāpanasambāhanena. Te ca tattheva muttakarīsaṃ cajeyyuṃ. Na tveva, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ kataṃ vā hoti paṭikataṃ vā. Imissā ca, bhikkhave, mahāpathaviyā pahūtarattaratanāya mātāpitaro issarādhipacce rajje patiṭṭhāpeyya, na tveva, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ kataṃ vā hoti paṭikataṃ vā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Bahukārā , bhikkhave, mātāpitaro puttānaṃ āpādakā posakā imassa lokassa dassetāro. Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, mātāpitaro assaddhe saddhāsampadāya samādapeti niveseti patiṭṭhāpeti, dussīle sīlasampadāya samādapeti niveseti patiṭṭhāpeti, maccharī cāgasampadāya samādapeti niveseti patiṭṭhāpeti, duppaññe paññāsampadāya samādapeti niveseti patiṭṭhāpeti, ettāvatā kho, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ katañca hoti paṭikatañcā’’ti .
35那时，某位婆罗门去到世尊处；到达后，与世尊互相问候。互相问候……省略……坐于一旁后，那位婆罗门对世尊如此说：「乔达摩尊者主张什么？宣说什么？」「婆罗门，我既是作论者，也是非作论者。」「乔达摩尊者如何既是作论者，也是非作论者？」
Atha kho aññataro brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃvādī bhavaṃ gotamo kimakkhāyī’’ti? ‘‘Kiriyavādī cāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, akiriyavādī cā’’ti. ‘‘Yathākathaṃ pana bhavaṃ gotamo kiriyavādī ca akiriyavādī cā’’ti?
6「婆罗门，我说身恶行的非作、语恶行的非作、意恶行的非作，我说种种恶不善法的非作。婆罗门，而我说身善行的作、语善行的作、意善行的作，我说种种善法的作。婆罗门，如此，我既是作论者，也是非作论者。」
‘‘Akiriyaṃ kho ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, vadāmi kāyaduccaritassa vacīduccaritassa manoduccaritassa, anekavihitānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ akiriyaṃ vadāmi. Kiriyañca kho ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, vadāmi kāyasucaritassa vacīsucaritassa manosucaritassa, anekavihitānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ kiriyaṃ vadāmi. Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, kiriyavādī ca akiriyavādī cā’’ti.
7「尊敬的乔达摩，太殊胜了……省略……愿乔达摩尊者忆持我为近事男，从今日起终生皈依。」
‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
36那时，给孤独居士去到世尊处；到达后，礼敬世尊，坐于一旁。坐于一旁后，给孤独居士对世尊如此说：「世尊，世间有多少应施者？应在何处布施？」「居士，世间有两种应施者——有学与无学。居士，这两种是世间的应施者，应在此处布施。」
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kati nu kho, bhante, loke dakkhiṇeyyā, kattha ca dānaṃ dātabba’’nti? ‘‘Dve kho, gahapati, loke dakkhiṇeyyā – sekho ca asekho ca. Ime kho, gahapati, dve loke dakkhiṇeyyā, ettha ca dānaṃ dātabba’’nti.
9世尊说此。说此后，善逝、导师又说此：
Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –
10「有学与无学在此世间，
‘‘Sekho asekho ca imasmiṃ loke,
11他们是施主们应供养的；
Āhuneyyā yajamānānaṃ honti;
12他们以身、以语或以心正直，
Te ujjubhūtā kāyena, vācāya uda cetasā;
13那是施主们的福田，在此所施有大果。」
Khettaṃ taṃ yajamānānaṃ, ettha dinnaṃ mahapphala’’nti.
37如是我闻：一时，世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。尔时，具寿舍利弗住在舍卫城东园鹿母讲堂。在那里，具寿舍利弗称呼诸比丘：「贤友们，诸比丘。」「贤友。」那些比丘回答具寿舍利弗。具寿舍利弗说了这个：「贤友们，我将说示内结缚者与外结缚者。你们要听！你们要好好作意！我要说了。」「是的，贤友。」那些比丘回答具寿舍利弗。具寿舍利弗说了这个：
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāriputto sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca – ‘‘ajjhattasaṃyojanañca, āvuso, puggalaṃ desessāmi bahiddhāsaṃyojanañca. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
15「贤友们，什么是内结缚者？贤友们，这里，比丘持戒，以巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住，具足正行与行处，于微细的罪过中见怖畏，受持学习于诸学处。他于身坏命终后，往生于某一天众。他从那里死后，是来者，来此状态者。贤友们，这被称为内结缚者，是来者，来此状态者。
‘‘Katamo cāvuso, ajjhattasaṃyojano puggalo? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno , aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ upapajjati. So tato cuto āgāmī hoti, āgantā itthattaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, āvuso, ajjhattasaṃyojano puggalo āgāmī hoti, āgantā itthattaṃ.
16「贤友们，什么是外结缚者？贤友们，这里，比丘持戒，以巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住，具足正行与行处，于微细的罪过中见怖畏，受持学习于诸学处。他证入某一寂静的心解脱而住。他于身坏命终后，往生于某一天众。他从那里死后，是不来者，不来此状态者。贤友们，这被称为外结缚者，是不来者，不来此状态者。
‘‘Katamo cāvuso, bahiddhāsaṃyojano puggalo? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. So aññataraṃ santaṃ cetovimuttiṃ upasampajja viharati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ upapajjati. So tato cuto anāgāmī hoti, anāgantā itthattaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, bahiddhāsaṃyojano puggalo anāgāmī hoti, anāgantā itthattaṃ.
17「再者，贤友们，比丘持戒……受持学习于诸学处。他只为了诸欲的厌离、离贪、灭尽而行道。他只为了诸有的厌离、离贪、灭尽而行道。他为了渴爱的灭尽而行道。他为了贪的灭尽而行道。他于身坏命终后，往生于某一天众。他从那里死后，是不来者，不来此状态者。贤友们，这被称为外结缚者，是不来者，不来此状态者。」
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. So kāmānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. So bhavānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. So taṇhākkhayāya paṭipanno hoti. So lobhakkhayāya paṭipanno hoti. So kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ upapajjati. So tato cuto anāgāmī hoti, anāgantā itthattaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, bahiddhāsaṃyojano puggalo anāgāmī hoti, anāgantā itthatta’’nti.
18那时，众多心平等的天人们来到世尊处；来到后，礼敬世尊，站立在一旁。站立在一旁的那些天人对世尊这样说：「尊者，具寿舍利弗在东园鹿母讲堂向诸比丘讲说内结缚者与外结缚者。尊者，大众欢喜。尊者，请世尊出于悲悯，前往具寿舍利弗处。」世尊以沉默同意了。那时，世尊——犹如有力的男子伸曲的手臂或曲伸开的手臂那样——就这样从祇园消失，在东园鹿母讲堂具寿舍利弗面前出现。世尊坐在所设的座位上。具寿舍利弗也礼敬世尊后，坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的具寿舍利弗这样说：
Atha kho sambahulā samacittā devatā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā devatā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘eso, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde bhikkhūnaṃ ajjhattasaṃyojanañca puggalaṃ deseti bahiddhāsaṃyojanañca. Haṭṭhā, bhante, parisā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho bhagavā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya , evamevaṃ – jetavane antarahito pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde āyasmato sāriputtassa sammukhe pāturahosi. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Āyasmāpi kho sāriputto bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
19「舍利弗，在这里，众多心平等的天人们来到我处；来到后，礼敬我，站立在一旁。舍利弗，站立在一旁的那些天人对我这样说：『尊者，具寿舍利弗在东园鹿母讲堂向诸比丘讲说内结缚者与外结缚者。尊者，大众欢喜。尊者，请世尊出于悲悯，前往具寿舍利弗处。』舍利弗，那些天人十个成为一组、二十个成为一组、三十个成为一组、四十个成为一组、五十个成为一组、六十个成为一组，站立在针尖的顶端那样的空间，却不互相妨碍。舍利弗，或许会这样想：『那些天人的心一定是在那里这样修习的，因此那些天人十个成为一组、二十个成为一组、三十个成为一组、四十个成为一组、五十个成为一组、六十个成为一组，站立在针尖的顶端那样的空间，却不互相妨碍。』舍利弗，但不应这样看。舍利弗，就在这里，那些天人的心是这样修习的，因此那些天人十个成为一组……不互相妨碍。舍利弗，因此，在这里，你们应这样学：『我们将诸根寂静、心寂静。』舍利弗，你们应这样学。舍利弗，当你们诸根寂静、心寂静时，你们的身业将是寂静的，语业是寂静的，意业是寂静的。『我们将以寂静的供养供养诸梵行者。』舍利弗，你们应这样学。舍利弗，那些外道游方者没有听闻，他们没有听闻这个法的教说。」」
‘‘Idha, sāriputta, sambahulā samacittā devatā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, sāriputta, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘eso, bhante, āyasmā sāriputto pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde bhikkhūnaṃ ajjhattasaṃyojanañca puggalaṃ deseti bahiddhāsaṃyojanañca. Haṭṭhā, bhante, parisā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā yena āyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’ti. Tā kho pana, sāriputta, devatā dasapi hutvā vīsampi hutvā tiṃsampi hutvā cattālīsampi hutvā paññāsampi hutvā saṭṭhipi hutvā āraggakoṭinitudanamattepi tiṭṭhanti, na ca aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti . Siyā kho pana , sāriputta, evamassa – ‘tattha nūna tāsaṃ devatānaṃ tathā cittaṃ bhāvitaṃ yena tā devatā dasapi hutvā vīsampi hutvā tiṃsampi hutvā cattālīsampi hutvā paññāsampi hutvā saṭṭhipi hutvā āraggakoṭinitudanamattepi tiṭṭhanti na ca aññamaññaṃ byābādhentī’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, sāriputta, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Idheva kho, sāriputta, tāsaṃ devatānaṃ tathā cittaṃ bhāvitaṃ, yena tā devatā dasapi hutvā…pe… na ca aññamaññaṃ byābādhenti. Tasmātiha, sāriputta, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘santindriyā bhavissāma santamānasā’ti. Evañhi vo, sāriputta, sikkhitabbaṃ. ‘Santindriyānañhi vo, sāriputta, santamānasānaṃ santaṃyeva kāyakammaṃ bhavissati santaṃ vacīkammaṃ santaṃ manokammaṃ. Santaṃyeva upahāraṃ upaharissāma sabrahmacārīsū’ti. ‘Evañhi vo, sāriputta, sikkhitabbaṃ. Anassuṃ kho, sāriputta, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā ye imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ nāssosu’’’nti.
38如是我闻：一时，具寿大迦旃延住在瓦拉那，在跋达沙利河岸。那时，阿拉马丹达婆罗门来到具寿大迦旃延处；来到后，与具寿大迦旃延互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的阿拉马丹达婆罗门对具寿大迦旃延这样说：「迦旃延先生，什么因、什么缘，刹帝利与刹帝利争论，婆罗门与婆罗门争论，居士与居士争论呢？」「婆罗门，因为欲贪、执着、系缚、缠缚、围绕、耽着之因，刹帝利与刹帝利争论，婆罗门与婆罗门争论，居士与居士争论。」
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākaccāno varaṇāyaṃ viharati bhaddasāritīre . Atha kho ārāmadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākaccānena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho ārāmadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bho kaccāna, hetu ko paccayo yena khattiyāpi khattiyehi vivadanti, brāhmaṇāpi brāhmaṇehi vivadanti, gahapatikāpi gahapatikehi vivadantī’’ti? ‘‘Kāmarāgābhinivesavinibandha paligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānahetu kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyāpi khattiyehi vivadanti, brāhmaṇāpi brāhmaṇehi vivadanti, gahapatikāpi gahapatikehi vivadantī’’ti.
21「那么，迦旃延先生，什么因、什么缘，沙门与沙门争论呢？」「婆罗门，因为见贪的执着、系缚、缠缚、围绕、耽着之因，沙门与沙门争论。」
‘‘Ko pana, bho kaccāna, hetu ko paccayo yena samaṇāpi samaṇehi vivadantī’’ti? ‘‘Diṭṭhirāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānahetu kho, brāhmaṇa, samaṇāpi samaṇehi vivadantī’’ti.
22「诸比丘，具足三法者……以平等的身业、以平等的语业、以平等的意业……」第七。
‘‘Atthi pana, bho kaccāna, koci lokasmiṃ yo imañceva kāmarāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto, imañca diṭṭhirāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto’’ti? ‘‘Atthi, brāhmaṇa, lokasmiṃ yo imañceva kāmarāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto, imañca diṭṭhirāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto’’ti.
23「迦旃延先生，那么在世间谁是超越了这欲贪的执着、系缚、缠缚、围绕、耽着，也超越了这见贪的执着、系缚、缠缚、围绕、耽着者呢？」「婆罗门，在东方诸国有一个名叫舍卫城的城市。那位世尊现在住在那里，阿拉汉、正自觉者。婆罗门，那位世尊超越了这欲贪的执着、系缚、缠缚、围绕、耽着，也超越了这见贪的执着、系缚、缠缚、围绕、耽着。」
‘‘Ko pana so, bho kaccāna, lokasmiṃ yo imañceva kāgarāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto, imañca diṭṭhirāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto’’ti? ‘‘Atthi, brāhmaṇa, puratthimesu janapadesu sāvatthī nāma nagaraṃ. Tattha so bhagavā etarahi viharati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. So hi, brāhmaṇa, bhagavā imañceva kāmarāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto , imañca diṭṭhirāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto’’ti.
24如是说已，阿拉马丹达婆罗门从座位起立，将上衣偏袒一肩，右膝着地，向世尊所在方向合掌，三次自说优陀那：
Evaṃ vutte ārāmadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dakkhiṇaṃ jāṇumaṇḍalaṃ pathaviyaṃ nihantvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā tikkhattuṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
25「礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者，礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。因为那位世尊超越了这欲贪的执着、系缚、缠缚、围绕、耽着，也超越了这见贪的执着、系缚、缠缚、围绕、耽着。」
‘‘Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa, namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa, namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Yo hi so bhagavā imañceva kāmarāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto, imañca diṭṭhirāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānaṃ samatikkanto’’ti.
26「尊者迦旃延，太殊胜了！尊者迦旃延，太殊胜了！尊者迦旃延，犹如将倾覆者扶正，或将覆盖者揭开，或为迷路者指示道路，或在黑暗中持来油灯——『有眼者将看见诸色』，如是，尊者迦旃延以种种方便阐明了法。尊者迦旃延，我皈依彼乔达摩尊者、法及比丘僧团。愿尊者迦旃延忆持我为近事男，从今日起终生皈依。」
‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho kaccāna, abhikkantaṃ, bho kaccāna! Seyyathāpi, bho kaccāna, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti, evamevaṃ bhotā kaccānena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bho kaccāna, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ kaccāno dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
39一时，具寿大迦旃延住在玛都拉的军荼林。时，甘达拉亚那婆罗门前往具寿大迦旃延处；抵达后，与具寿大迦旃延……(省略)……坐于一旁的甘达拉亚那婆罗门对具寿大迦旃延如此说：「尊者迦旃延，我听闻：『沙门迦旃延不礼敬、不起迎、不以座位邀请年老、年长、年迈、年高、已达老龄的婆罗门。』尊者迦旃延，这确实如此吗？尊者迦旃延确实不礼敬、不起迎、不以座位邀请年老、年长、年迈、年高、已达老龄的婆罗门。尊者迦旃延，这确实不适当。」
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākaccāno madhurāyaṃ viharati gundāvane. Atha kho kandarāyano brāhmaṇo yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākaccānena saddhiṃ…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kandarāyano brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bho kaccāna, ‘na samaṇo kaccāno brāhmaṇe jiṇṇe vuddhe mahallake addhagate vayoanuppatte abhivādeti vā paccuṭṭheti vā āsanena vā nimantetī’ti. Tayidaṃ, bho kaccāna, tatheva? Na hi bhavaṃ kaccāno brāhmaṇe jiṇṇe vuddhe mahallake addhagate vayoanuppatte abhivādeti vā paccuṭṭheti vā āsanena vā nimanteti. Tayidaṃ, bho kaccāna, na sampannamevā’’ti.
28「婆罗门，彼世尊、知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者已宣说了长老地与年少地。婆罗门，即使年老，八十岁或九十岁或百岁，若他享受诸欲、住于欲中、被欲热所烧、被欲寻所啃食、热衷于欲的寻求，那么这愚者不被算入长老。婆罗门，即使年少，年轻、黑发、具足青春之幸福、正值壮年，若他不享受诸欲、不住于欲中、不被欲热所烧、不被欲寻所啃食、不热衷于欲的寻求，那么这智者被算入长老。」
‘‘Atthi, brāhmaṇa, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena vuddhabhūmi ca akkhātā daharabhūmi ca. Vuddho cepi, brāhmaṇa, hoti āsītiko vā nāvutiko vā vassasatiko vā jātiyā, so ca kāme paribhuñjati kāmamajjhāvasati kāmapariḷāhena pariḍayhati kāmavitakkehi khajjati kāmapariyesanāya ussuko. Atha kho so bālo na therotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Daharo cepi, brāhmaṇa, hoti yuvā susukāḷakeso bhadrena yobbanena samannāgato paṭhamena vayasā . So ca na kāme paribhuñjati na kāmamajjhāvasati, na kāmapariḷāhena pariḍayhati, na kāmavitakkehi khajjati, na kāmapariyesanāya ussuko. Atha kho so paṇḍito therotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchatī’’ti.
29如是说已，甘达拉亚那婆罗门从座起立，偏袒上衣于一肩，以头礼敬年少的百位比丘之足：「诸位尊者是长老，住于长老地。我们是年少，住于年少地。」
Evaṃ vutte kandarāyano brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā daharānaṃ sataṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāde sirasā vandati – ‘‘vuddhā bhavanto, vuddhabhūmiyaṃ ṭhitā. Daharā mayaṃ, daharabhūmiyaṃ ṭhitā’’ti.
30「尊者迦旃延，太殊胜了……(省略)……愿尊者迦旃延忆持我为近事男，从今日起终生皈依。」
‘‘Abhikkantaṃ, bho kaccāna…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ kaccāno dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
40「诸比丘，当盗贼强盛时，诸王在那时衰弱。诸比丘，在那时，国王不能安乐地出行、出境或巡视边境诸地方。在那时，婆罗门居士们也不能安乐地出行、出境或视察外面的诸事务。诸比丘，如是，当恶比丘强盛时，善良比丘在那时衰弱。诸比丘，在那时，善良比丘在僧团中沉默、退缩，或住于边境诸地方。诸比丘，这导致众人的无利益、众人的不快乐、众人的无义利、无利益、痛苦，于诸天与人。」
‘‘Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye corā balavanto honti, rājāno tasmiṃ samaye dubbalā honti. Tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye rañño na phāsu hoti atiyātuṃ vā niyyātuṃ vā paccantime vā janapade anusaññātuṃ. Brāhmaṇagahapatikānampi tasmiṃ samaye na phāsu hoti atiyātuṃ vā niyyātuṃ vā bāhirāni vā kammantāni paṭivekkhituṃ. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ samaye pāpabhikkhū balavanto honti, pesalā bhikkhū tasmiṃ samaye dubbalā honti. Tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye pesalā bhikkhū tuṇhībhūtā tuṇhībhūtāva saṅghamajjhe saṅkasāyanti paccantime vā janapade acchanti . Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, hoti bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya, bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ.
32「诸比丘，当诸王强盛时，盗贼在那时衰弱。诸比丘，在那时，国王能安乐地出行、入境或巡视边境诸地方。在那时，婆罗门居士们也能安乐地出行、入境或视察外面的诸事务。诸比丘，如是，当善良比丘强盛时，恶比丘在那时衰弱。诸比丘，在那时，恶比丘在僧团中沉默、退缩，或离去某处。诸比丘，这导致众人的利益、众人的快乐、众人的义利、利益、快乐，于诸天与人。」
‘‘Yasmiṃ , bhikkhave, samaye rājāno balavanto honti, corā tasmiṃ samaye dubbalā honti. Tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye rañño phāsu hoti atiyātuṃ vā niyyātuṃ vā paccantime vā janapade anusaññātuṃ. Brāhmaṇagahapatikānampi tasmiṃ samaye phāsu hoti atiyātuṃ vā niyyātuṃ vā bāhirāni vā kammantāni paṭivekkhituṃ. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, yasmiṃ samaye pesalā bhikkhū balavanto honti, pāpabhikkhū tasmiṃ samaye dubbalā honti. Tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye pāpabhikkhū tuṇhībhūtā tuṇhībhūtāva saṅghamajjhe saṅkasāyanti, yena vā pana tena pakkamanti . Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, hoti bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya, bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna’’nti.
41「诸比丘，我不赞叹两者的邪行，在家者或出家者。诸比丘，在家者或出家者行于邪道，由于邪行之因，不能成就正理之法、善法。」
‘‘Dvinnāhaṃ , bhikkhave, micchāpaṭipattiṃ na vaṇṇemi, gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā. Gihī vā, bhikkhave, pabbajito vā micchāpaṭipanno micchāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu na ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ.
34「诸比丘！我赞叹两者的正行，在家者或出家者。诸比丘！在家者或出家者正行者，以正行为因缘，成就正理之法、善法。」
‘‘Dvinnāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sammāpaṭipattiṃ vaṇṇemi, gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā. Gihī vā, bhikkhave, pabbajito vā sammāpaṭipanno sammāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusala’’nti.
42「诸比丘！那些比丘以恶受持的经典，以文句相似之故，曲解义与法，诸比丘！那些比丘行于多人无利益、多人不安乐，为许多人的无义利、无利益、痛苦，为诸天与人的无义利、无利益、痛苦。诸比丘！那些比丘产生许多非福，他们使此正法隐没。
‘‘Ye te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū duggahitehi suttantehi byañjanappatirūpakehi atthañca dhammañca paṭivāhanti te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bahujanāhitāya paṭipannā bahujanāsukhāya, bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Bahuñca te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū apuññaṃ pasavanti, te cimaṃ saddhammaṃ antaradhāpenti.
36「诸比丘！那些比丘以善受持的经典，以文句相应，随顺义与法，诸比丘！那些比丘行于多人利益、多人安乐，为许多人的义利、利益、安乐，为诸天与人的义利、利益、安乐。诸比丘！那些比丘产生许多福德，他们使此正法住立。」
‘‘Ye te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū suggahitehi suttantehi byañjanappatirūpakehi atthañca dhammañca anulomenti te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bahujanahitāya paṭipannā bahujanasukhāya, bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Bahuñca te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū puññaṃ pasavanti, te cimaṃ saddhammaṃ ṭhapentī’’ti.
37平等心品第四
Samacittavaggo catuttho.