AN 21 · 1. 作业品
11. 第一个五十
1. Paṭhamapaṇṇāsakaṃ
21. 作业品
1. Kammakaraṇavaggo
31. 过失经
1. Vajjasuttaṃ
1如是我闻：一时，世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那里，世尊称呼诸比丘：「诸比丘。」「尊者。」那些比丘回答世尊。世尊说此——
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
5「诸比丘，有此二种罪过。哪二种？现法罪过与来世罪过。诸比丘，什么是现法罪过？诸比丘，于此，某人看见诸王捉拿作恶的盗贼后，施以种种刑罚：用鞭抽打，用藤条抽打，用棍棒抽打，砍断手，砍断脚，砍断手脚，割掉耳朵，割掉鼻子，割掉耳鼻，施以粥锅刑，施以贝秃刑，施以罗睺口刑，施以火鬘刑，施以燃手刑，施以草衣刑，施以树皮衣刑，施以羚羊刑，施以钩肉刑，施以钱币刑，施以碱浴刑，施以绕柱刑，施以稻草座刑，用热油浇灌，令狗啃食，活着穿刺于桩上，用剑斩首。
‘‘Dvemāni, bhikkhave, vajjāni. Katamāni dve? Diṭṭhadhammikañca vajjaṃ samparāyikañca vajjaṃ . Katamañca, bhikkhave, diṭṭhadhammikaṃ vajjaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco passati coraṃ āgucāriṃ rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente; kasāhipi tāḷente, vettehipi tāḷente, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente, hatthampi chindante, pādampi chindante, hatthapādampi chindante, kaṇṇampi chindante, nāsampi chindante, kaṇṇanāsampi chindante, bilaṅgathālikampi karonte, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte, rāhumukhampi karonte, jotimālikampi karonte, hatthapajjotikampi karonte, erakavattikampi karonte, cīrakavāsikampi karonte, eṇeyyakampi karonte, baḷisamaṃsikampi karonte, kahāpaṇikampi karonte, khārāpatacchikampi karonte, palighaparivattikampi karonte, palālapīṭhakampi karonte, tattenapi telena osiñcante, sunakhehipi khādāpente, jīvantampi sūle uttāsente, asināpi sīsaṃ chindante.
6「他如此想：『由于如此这般的恶业之因，诸王捉拿作恶的盗贼后，施以种种刑罚：用鞭抽打，用藤条抽打，用棍棒抽打，砍断手，砍断脚，砍断手脚，割掉耳朵，割掉鼻子，割掉耳鼻，施以粥锅刑，施以贝秃刑，施以罗睺口刑，施以火鬘刑，施以燃手刑，施以草衣刑，施以树皮衣刑，施以羚羊刑，施以钩肉刑，施以钱币刑，施以碱浴刑，施以绕柱刑，施以稻草座刑，用热油浇灌，令狗啃食，活着穿刺于桩上，用剑斩首。若我造作如此这般的恶业，诸王捉拿我后，也会对我施以如此这般的种种刑罚：用鞭抽打……乃至……用剑斩首。』他因畏惧现法罪过，不行劫掠他人的财物。诸比丘，这称为现法罪过。
‘‘Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu coraṃ āgucāriṃ rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti; kasāhipi tāḷenti, vettehipi tāḷenti, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷenti, hatthampi chindanti, pādampi chindanti, hatthapādampi chindanti, kaṇṇampi chindanti, nāsampi chindanti, kaṇṇanāsampi chindanti, bilaṅgathālikampi karonti, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonti, rāhumukhampi karonti, jotimālikampi karonti, hatthapajjotikampi karonti, erakavattikampi karonti, cīrakavāsikampi karonti, eṇeyyakampi karonti, baḷisamaṃsikampi karonti, kahāpaṇikampi karonti, khārāpatacchikampi karonti, palighaparivattikampi karonti, palālapīṭhakampi karonti, tattenapi telena osiñcanti, sunakhehipi khādāpenti, jīvantampi sūle uttāsenti, asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti. Ahañceva kho pana evarūpaṃ pāpakammaṃ kareyyaṃ, mampi rājāno gahetvā evarūpā vividhā kammakāraṇā kāreyyuṃ; kasāhipi tāḷeyyuṃ…pe… asināpi sīsaṃ chindeyyu’nti. So diṭṭhadhammikassa vajjassa bhīto na paresaṃ pābhataṃ vilumpanto carati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, diṭṭhadhammikaṃ vajjaṃ.
7「诸比丘，什么是来世罪过？诸比丘，于此，某人如此省察：『身恶行于来世有恶的、苦的果报，语恶行于来世有恶的、苦的果报，意恶行于来世有恶的、苦的果报。若我以身行恶行，以语行恶行，以意行恶行，那么，我身坏命终后，岂不会生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱？』他因畏惧来世罪过，舍断身恶行而修习身善行，舍断语恶行而修习语善行，舍断意恶行而修习意善行，护持清净的自己。诸比丘，这称为来世罪过。诸比丘，这些是二种罪过。诸比丘，因此，于此应当如此学：『我们将畏惧现法罪过，将畏惧来世罪过，将成为畏罪者、见罪畏者。』诸比丘，你们应当如此学。诸比丘，畏罪者、见罪畏者，可以期待将从一切罪过中解脱。」第一经
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, samparāyikaṃ vajjaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘kāyaduccaritassa kho pana pāpako dukkho vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ, vacīduccaritassa pāpako dukkho vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ, manoduccaritassa pāpako dukkho vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana kāyena duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, vācāya duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ , manasā duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ. Kiñca taṃ yāhaṃ na kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyya’nti. So samparāyikassa vajjassa bhīto kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, samparāyikaṃ vajjaṃ. ‘‘Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dve vajjāni. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘diṭṭhadhammikassa vajjassa bhāyissāma, samparāyikassa vajjassa bhāyissāma, vajjabhīruno bhavissāma vajjabhayadassāvino’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṃ. Vajjabhīruno, bhikkhave, vajjabhayadassāvino etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ yaṃ parimuccissati sabbavajjehī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
82. 勤修经
2. Padhānasuttaṃ
2「诸比丘，于世间有此二种难以成就的精勤。哪二种？在家者住于家中，为了供给衣、食、住所、病者所需医药资财的精勤；以及从家出家为无家者，为了舍断一切依的精勤。诸比丘，这些是于世间难以成就的二种精勤。
‘‘Dvemāni, bhikkhave, padhānāni durabhisambhavāni lokasmiṃ. Katamāni dve? Yañca gihīnaṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasataṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānatthaṃ padhānaṃ, yañca agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitānaṃ sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggatthaṃ padhānaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dve padhānāni durabhisambhavāni lokasmiṃ.
10「诸比丘，此二种精勤中，这是最上的，即为了舍断一切依的精勤。诸比丘，因此，于此应当如此学：『我们将精勤于为了舍断一切依的精勤。』诸比丘，你们应当如此学。」第二经
‘‘Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imesaṃ dvinnaṃ padhānānaṃ yadidaṃ sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggatthaṃ padhānaṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggatthaṃ padhānaṃ padahissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.
113. 焦热经
3. Tapanīyasuttaṃ
3「诸比丘，此二法是令人焦热的。哪二种？诸比丘，于此，某人已造作身恶行，未造作身善行；已造作语恶行，未造作语善行；已造作意恶行，未造作意善行。他因『我已造作身恶行』而焦热，因『我未造作身善行』而焦热；因『我已造作语恶行』而焦热，因『我未造作语善行』而焦热；因『我已造作意恶行』而焦热，因『我未造作意善行』而焦热。诸比丘，此二法是令人焦热的。」第三经
‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā tapanīyā. Katame dve? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa kāyaduccaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti kāyasucaritaṃ; vacīduccaritaṃ kataṃ hoti; akataṃ hoti vacīsucaritaṃ; manoduccaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti manosucaritaṃ. So ‘kāyaduccaritaṃ me kata’nti tappati, ‘akataṃ me kāyasucarita’nti tappati; ‘vacīduccaritaṃ me kata’nti tappati, ‘akataṃ me vacīsucarita’nti tappati; ‘manoduccaritaṃ me kata’nti tappati , ‘akataṃ me manosucarita’nti tappati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā tapanīyā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
134. 不应悔经
4. Atapanīyasuttaṃ
4「诸比丘，这两种法不令热恼。哪两种呢？诸比丘，这里，某人已作身善行，未作身恶行；已作语善行，未作语恶行；已作意善行，未作意恶行。他『我已作身善行』而不热恼，『我未作身恶行』而不热恼；『我已作语善行』而不热恼，『我未作语恶行』而不热恼；『我已作意善行』而不热恼，『我未作意恶行』而不热恼。诸比丘，这两种法不令热恼。」第四经。
‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā atapanīyā. Katame dve? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa kāyasucaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti kāyaduccaritaṃ; vacīsucaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti vacīduccaritaṃ; manosucaritaṃ kataṃ hoti, akataṃ hoti manoduccaritaṃ. So ‘kāyasucaritaṃ me kata’nti na tappati, ‘akataṃ me kāyaduccarita’nti na tappati; ‘vacīsucaritaṃ me kata’nti na tappati, ‘akataṃ me vacīduccarita’nti na tappati; ‘manosucaritaṃ me kata’nti na tappati, ‘akataṃ me manoduccarita’nti na tappati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā atapanīyā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
155. 应遍知经
5. Upaññātasuttaṃ
5「诸比丘，我已了知两种法——对诸善法的不满足，以及对精进的不退缩。诸比丘，我不退缩地精进——『宁可皮肤、筋腱、骨骼留存，身体的血肉干枯，凡以男子力、以男子精进、以男子勇猛所应得者，未得到它，精进不停止』。诸比丘，我以不放逸而证得正觉，以不放逸而证得无上离轭安稳。诸比丘，你们若也不退缩地精进——『宁可皮肤、筋腱、骨骼留存，身体的血肉干枯，凡以男子力、以男子精进、以男子勇猛所应得者，未得到它，精进不停止』，诸比丘，你们也不久将——为了那个目的，善男子们正确地从在家出家成为非家——那无上的梵行终极，于现法中以自己的上智作证、具足而住。因此，诸比丘，你们应当这样学：『我们将不退缩地精进。宁可皮肤、筋腱、骨骼留存，身体的血肉干枯，凡以男子力、以男子精进、以男子勇猛所应得者，未得到它，精进不停止』。诸比丘，你们应当这样学。」第五经。
‘‘Dvinnāhaṃ , bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ upaññāsiṃ – yā ca asantuṭṭhitā kusalesu dhammesu, yā ca appaṭivānitā padhānasmiṃ. Appaṭivānī sudāhaṃ, bhikkhave, padahāmi – ‘kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatu, sarīre upasussatu maṃsalohitaṃ, yaṃ taṃ purisathāmena purisavīriyena purisaparakkamena pattabbaṃ na taṃ apāpuṇitvā vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, appamādādhigatā sambodhi, appamādādhigato anuttaro yogakkhemo. Tumhe cepi, bhikkhave, appaṭivānaṃ padaheyyātha – ‘kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatu, sarīre upasussatu maṃsalohitaṃ, yaṃ taṃ purisathāmena purisavīriyena purisaparakkamena pattabbaṃ na taṃ apāpuṇitvā vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’ti, tumhepi, bhikkhave, nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissatha. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appaṭivānaṃ padahissāma. Kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatu, sarīre upasussatu maṃsalohitaṃ, yaṃ taṃ purisathāmena purisavīriyena purisaparakkamena pattabbaṃ na taṃ apāpuṇitvā vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.
176. 结经
6. Saṃyojanasuttaṃ
6「诸比丘，这两种法。哪两种呢？对诸结缚法的随观味，以及对诸结缚法的随观厌离。诸比丘，对诸结缚法随观味而住者，不舍断贪，不舍断嗔，不舍断痴。未舍断贪，未舍断嗔，未舍断痴者，不解脱生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。我说他不解脱苦。
‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā. Katame dve? Yā ca saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassitā, yā ca saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu nibbidānupassitā. Saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassī viharanto rāgaṃ na pajahati, dosaṃ na pajahati, mohaṃ na pajahati. Rāgaṃ appahāya, dosaṃ appahāya, mohaṃ appahāya na parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. Na parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmi.
19「诸比丘，对诸结缚法随观厌离而住者，舍断贪，舍断嗔，舍断痴。已舍断贪，已舍断嗔，已舍断痴者，解脱生、老、死、愁、悲、苦、忧、恼。我说他解脱苦。诸比丘，这两种法。」第六经。
‘‘Saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu nibbidānupassī viharanto rāgaṃ pajahati, dosaṃ pajahati, mohaṃ pajahati. Rāgaṃ pahāya, dosaṃ pahāya, mohaṃ pahāya, parimuccati jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. Parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
207. 黑经
7. Kaṇhasuttaṃ
7「诸比丘，这两种法是黑的。哪两种呢？无惭与无愧。诸比丘，这两种法是黑的。」第七经。
‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā kaṇhā. Katame dve? Ahirikañca anottappañca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā kaṇhā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
228. 白经
8. Sukkasuttaṃ
8「诸比丘，这两种法是白的。哪两种呢？惭与愧。诸比丘，这两种法是白的。」第八经。
‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā sukkā. Katame dve? Hirī ca ottappañca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā sukkā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
249. 行经
9. Cariyasuttaṃ
9「诸比丘，这两种白法守护世间。哪两种呢？惭与愧。诸比丘，若这两种白法不守护世间，这里将不知有母、姨母、舅母、师母、尊者之妻。世间将陷入混乱，如山羊、绵羊、鸡、猪、狗、豺狼。诸比丘，因为这两种白法守护世间，所以知有母、姨母、舅母、师母、尊者之妻。」第九经。
‘‘Dveme , bhikkhave, dhammā sukkā lokaṃ pālenti. Katame dve? Hirī ca ottappañca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve sukkā dhammā lokaṃ na pāleyyuṃ, nayidha paññāyetha mātāti vā mātucchāti vā mātulānīti vā ācariyabhariyāti vā garūnaṃ dārāti vā. Sambhedaṃ loko agamissa, yathā ajeḷakā kukkuṭasūkarā soṇasiṅgālā . Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, ime dve sukkā dhammā lokaṃ pālenti tasmā paññāyati mātāti vā mātucchāti vā mātulānīti vā ācariyabhariyāti vā garūnaṃ dārāti vā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
2610. 瓦萨经
10. Vassūpanāyikasuttaṃ
10「诸比丘，这两种瓦萨。哪两种呢？前瓦萨与后瓦萨。诸比丘，这两种瓦萨。」第十经。
‘‘Dvemā, bhikkhave, vassūpanāyikā. Katamā dve? Purimikā ca pacchimikā ca. Imā kho, bhikkhave, dve vassūpanāyikā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
28作业品第一
Kammakaraṇavaggo paṭhamo.
29其摄颂——
Tassuddānaṃ –
30应避、精勤、二热恼，以所了知为第五；
Vajjā padhānā dve tapanīyā, upaññātena pañcamaṃ;
31结与黑，白、行，以瓦萨为品。
Saṃyojanañca kaṇhañca, sukkaṃ cariyā vassūpanāyikena vaggo.